Housing wireless charging

Abstract

Enclosure wireless charging is disclosed. Systems and methods for wirelessly charging a wireless earbud are involved. The wireless earbud has a body that includes a passive magnetic shield and a coil. The coil is wrapped around a portion of the body that includes the passive magnetic shield. The wireless earbud receives wireless energy in response to placement of the body within an electromagnetic field, which results in charging of a battery of the wireless earbud.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to wireless charging, and in particular embodiments to systems and methods for wireless charging in wireless power systems. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless technology can be found in a variety of devices, such as activity trackers, smart rings, watches, toothbrushes, remote controls, and mobile devices. Furthermore, previously wired devices, such as vacuum cleaners, game controllers, and headphones, have been modernized to take advantage of the benefits of wireless technology. For example, removing the 3.5mm headphone jack from cellular phones has paved the way for the widespread adoption of wireless earbuds.

[0003] For operation, wireless earbuds include a battery memory that can be charged using a charging device. Typically, the charging device is a housing that contains the earbuds and is connected to them using physical interconnect pads. These physical interconnect pads prevent the earbuds from being truly wireless, leading to potential component damage and corrosion. An alternative system and method for charging the device using a housing is desired. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first aspect relates to a method of operating a wireless charging system; the method includes having a wireless earbud, the wireless earbud including a body. The body includes a passive magnetic shield and a coil. The coil is wound around a portion of the body including the passive magnetic shield. The method further includes: (1) receiving wireless energy by the coil in response to placement of the body in an electromagnetic field; and (2) charging a battery of the wireless earbud in response to receiving wireless energy.

[0005] In a first embodiment of the method according to the first aspect, an electromagnetic field exists within the housing, and a gap is provided within the magnetically shielded portion of the housing—the reception of wireless energy is based on the placement of the body of the wireless earpiece within the gap.

[0006] In a second embodiment of the method, according to such a first aspect or any prior implementation of the first aspect, the electromagnetic field is generated by the circuitry of the housing.

[0007] In a third embodiment of the method, according to such a first aspect or any prior implementation of the first aspect, the electromagnetic field is generated by a second device that simultaneously provides wireless energy to the housing and the wireless earbuds.

[0008] In a fourth embodiment of the method, according to such a first aspect or any prior implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes generating near-field communication with the housing—the near-field communication providing the housing with a signal indicating the placement of the body of the wireless earbud within the gap.

[0009] In a fifth embodiment of the method, according to such a first aspect or any prior implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes detecting the absence of an electromagnetic field by the wireless earpiece and transmitting a request for wireless energy from the housing.

[0010] In a sixth embodiment of the method, based on such a first aspect or any prior implementation of the first aspect, detection includes determining whether the voltage at the output of the rectifier of the wireless earbud is within a threshold, and requesting wireless power from the housing based thereon.

[0011] The second aspect relates to a wireless earbud, including a body, a coil, and circuitry. The body is configured to shield against electromagnetic fields. The coil is wound around the body. The circuitry is configured to receive a signal from an external source—a signal used to generate audio. The circuitry is powered by a battery coupled to the coil. The battery is configured to wirelessly charge depending on the placement of the earbud's body in an electromagnetic field.

[0012] In a first embodiment of the wireless earbud according to such a second aspect, an electromagnetic field is provided within a housing, a portion of which has magnetic shielding and a gap is provided—the battery is wirelessly charged according to the placement of the body of the wireless earbud within the gap.

[0013] In a second embodiment of the wireless earbud, according to such a second aspect or any prior implementation of the second aspect, the electromagnetic field is generated by the circuitry of the housing.

[0014] In a third embodiment of the wireless earbud, according to such a second aspect or any prior implementation of the second aspect, the electromagnetic field is generated by a second device that simultaneously provides wireless energy to the housing and the wireless earbud.

[0015] In a fourth embodiment of the wireless earbud, according to such a second aspect or any prior implementation of the second aspect, the device further includes a second circuit. The second circuit includes a non-transitory memory storage device and a processor. The non-transitory memory storage device includes instructions. The processor communicates with the non-transitory memory storage device. The processor executes the instructions to generate near-field communication with the housing—the near-field communication provides the housing with a signal indicating the position of the body of the wireless earbud within the gap.

[0016] In a fifth embodiment of the wireless earbud, according to such a second aspect or any prior implementation of the second aspect, the second circuitry further includes a switched diode type rectifier.

[0017] A third aspect relates to a wireless power system, including a housing and a receiving device. The housing includes a casing and a first circuit. The casing includes a container for housing the receiving device and a plate including a gap. The plate is configured to shield against electromagnetic fields. The first circuit is configured to receive wireless energy in a first mode corresponding to a first electromagnetic field generated by an external device, and to transmit wireless energy in a second mode corresponding to a second electromagnetic field generated by the first circuit. The receiving device includes a body, a coil, and a second circuit. The body is configured to shield against electromagnetic fields. The coil surrounds the body. The second circuit is configured to receive wireless energy according to the first and second electromagnetic fields—this reception is responsive to placement of the receiving device in the gap of the plate.

[0018] In a first embodiment of the wireless power system according to the third aspect, the housing further includes a resonant reactive current shield. The resonant reactive current shield includes a shielding coil configured to reduce electromagnetic leakage from the housing.

[0019] In a second embodiment of the wireless power system, according to such a third aspect or any prior implementation of the third aspect, the housing further includes an active shield. This active shield includes a shielding coil and a power supply coupled to the shielding coil. The power supply is configured to be enabled in a second mode of the first circuit and disabled in a first mode of the first circuit—enabling the active shield reduces electromagnetic leakage from the housing.

[0020] In a third embodiment of the wireless power system, according to such a third aspect or any prior implementation of the third aspect, the first circuit further includes a non-transitory memory storage device and a processor. The non-transitory memory storage device includes instructions. The processor communicates with the non-transitory memory storage device. The processor executes instructions to detect the absence of a first electromagnetic field, detect the placement of a receiving device in the gap between the boards, and generate a second electromagnetic field.

[0021] In a fourth embodiment of the wireless power system, according to such a third aspect or any prior implementation of the third aspect, the first circuit further includes a rectifier electrically coupled to a second coil. Detecting the absence of the first electromagnetic field includes determining whether the voltage at the output of the rectifier is within a threshold value, and based thereon, detecting the state of the first electromagnetic field.

[0022] In a fifth embodiment of the wireless power system, according to such a third aspect or any prior implementation of the third aspect, detecting the placement of the receiving device in the gap between the plates includes receiving a signal from the receiving device indicating a request for wireless power.

[0023] In a sixth embodiment of the wireless power system, according to such a third aspect or any prior implementation of the third aspect, the housing, receiving device, and external device communicate with each other using near-field communication.

[0024] The embodiments can be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To gain a more complete understanding of this disclosure and its advantages, reference is now made to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless power system;

[0027] Figure 2 It represents the magnetic field in a wireless power system;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless power system operating in the first mode;

[0029] Figures 4A to 4B This is a graphical representation of the electromagnetic field in a wireless power system of a second embodiment operating in the first mode;

[0030] Figure 4C This is a representation of the wireless receiving device in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless power system operating in the second mode.

[0032] Figures 6A to 6B A graphical representation of the electromagnetic field in a wireless power system operating in the second mode;

[0033] Figure 7A It is a graphical representation of the electromagnetic field using resonant reactive current (RRC) shielding technology;

[0034] Figure 7B It is a graphical representation of an electromagnetic field using active shielding technology;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a simplified block diagram of a wireless power circuit;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of a wireless power system, such as one that can be performed by a reverse-chargeable device; and

[0037] Figure 10 This is an illustration of the housing and wireless earbuds of an embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0038] This disclosure provides numerous applicable inventive concepts that can be embodied in specific contexts. Specific embodiments are merely illustrative of particular configurations and do not limit the scope of the claimed embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, features from different embodiments can be combined to form further embodiments. Variations or modifications described in one embodiment can also be applied to other embodiments. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0039] While these aspects of the invention are primarily described in the context of charging wearable electronic devices (e.g., wireless earbuds in a housing) that operate under low-power conditions, it should also be understood that these aspects are applicable to any other type of wireless charging system having means capable of operating in both transmit and receive modes and at various power levels.

[0040] Wireless earbuds include a battery that enables the device to operate wirelessly. Because the battery has a limited charging capacity, users must recharge it between uses. Manufacturers have offered various charging solutions, such as direct charging or using an intermediary device. The use of an intermediary device is becoming more common because it is designed as a housing that provides an additional means of portable and undamaged transport of the wireless earbuds. Furthermore, the wireless earbuds can be charged via the battery within the housing during storage and transport. This design eliminates the need to strap the earbuds to a fixed position during charging.

[0041] The intermediate device (e.g., the housing) can be charged using wireless charging, such as inductive charging, or (more commonly) using a wired connection, such as USB or USB-C. The wireless earbuds, in turn, are charged using a pad and interface contact between the wireless earbuds and the housing. In other words, regardless of whether the housing's battery is charged using wireless or wired power transfer, the wireless earbuds are charged using a direct electrical contact interface between the housing and the wireless earbuds.

[0042] Electrical contact interfaces have several drawbacks. First, the pads (i.e., the interconnects) at the wireless earbuds are typically exposed to components. Damage to these pads through misuse or aging can block or reduce power transfer to the wireless earbuds. Second, exposed interfaces prevent the earbuds from providing a truly wireless experience. Replacing exposed interfaces with different charging methods within a hermetically sealed package offers advantages such as receive input protection (IP) ratings and recognition that the wireless earbuds are resistant to dust and moisture (e.g., able to withstand immersion in water).

[0043] Therefore, an improved system and method are needed to overcome these limitations. Embodiments of this disclosure provide a system and method that provides a housing capable of wireless operation in both transmit and receive modes. Various embodiments can be widely used to provide a housing that allows simultaneous wireless power transmission from a transmitting device to both the housing and a device enclosed by the housing in a first operating mode. Furthermore, embodiments of this disclosure are capable of operation in a second mode, wherein the housing provides wireless power to the enclosed device while maintaining a safe environment and shielding other devices from the electromagnetic fields generated by the housing. In either operating mode, the enclosed device receives wireless power via inductive charging.

[0044] Furthermore, embodiments of this disclosure provide a wireless power receiver circuit in a wireless earbud. The wireless earbud can be charged via inductive coupling within the housing. In a first operating mode of the housing, an external device generates a magnetic field. This magnetic field induces a corresponding magnetic field at the housing, which is converted and stored as energy in the battery of the housing. The housing includes a magnetic shield with a gap. This gap provides the magnetic field generated by the external device to induce a corresponding magnetic field at each wireless earbud located within the gap. In each device, wireless energy is converted and stored as energy in the battery of each wireless earbud. In a second operating mode of the housing, the housing generates a magnetic field (without an external device) that induces a corresponding magnetic field at each wireless earbud placed within the gap, which is converted and stored as energy in the battery of each wireless earbud. These and other details will be discussed in more detail below.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a wireless power system 100 is shown. The wireless power system 100 includes a transmitting device 110 and a reverse-charging device 120. The transmitting device 110 wirelessly transmits power 140 to the reverse-charging device 120—the reverse-charging device 120... Figure 1 It operates in receive mode. Power supply 112 generates alternating current (AC) at transmitting coil 116, which induces a magnetic field at coil 122. The induced magnetic field induces an AC voltage at coil 122 through mutual coupling. Rectifier 126 converts the AC voltage to DC voltage. Regulator 130 converts the DC voltage from rectifier 126 to match the desired DC voltage at battery 132.

[0046] Transmitting device 110 may be a base station, such as a charging pad, that provides induced power to reverse-chargeable device 120. Transmitting device 110 includes a power source 112, an optional supply-side capacitor 114, and a transmitting coil 116. Power source 112 is any device that generates alternating current (AC) power to be supplied to transmitting coil 116. In embodiments, transmitting device 110 may include a DC-to-AC inverter to provide AC power. Transmitting coil 116 may be a loop antenna or a magnetic antenna. Transmitting coil 116 may include a physical magnetic core (e.g., a ferrite core) or an air core and may be implemented as an antenna strip or using Litz wire wound in a helical shape. Optional supply-side capacitor 114 and transmitting coil 116 are combined to form a transmitting LC energy storage circuit 118. Power source 112 drives transmitting LC energy storage circuit 118, which generates an electromagnetic field (EMF) at transmitting coil 116.

[0047] The reverse-chargeable device 120 can be a housing for accommodating and charging, for example, a pair of wireless earbuds. The reverse-chargeable device 120 includes a coil 122, an optional capacitor 124, a rectifier 126, a regulator 130, and a battery 132, which may (or may not) be as described above. Figure 1 The arrangement shown. The reverse rechargeable device 120 may include... Figure 1 Additional components not shown include, for example, long-term storage devices (e.g., non-volatile memory), non-transitory computer-readable media, one or more antenna elements, drivers, demodulators, modulators, filter circuits, and impedance matching circuits.

[0048] Coil 122 may be similar in features and structure to transmitting coil 116 and may be arranged in series with optional capacitor 124, which together form LC energy storage circuit 123. Typically, the efficiency of power transmission depends on the mutual coupling between transmitting coil 116 and coil 122. This mutual coupling is primarily determined by the diameter of each coil, the spacing between coils, the permeability of the materials between coils, the inductance of the coils, the resonant frequency of each device, the operating frequency of the system, and the angle between the coils.

[0049] Rectifier 126 is a device that converts alternating current (AC) voltage to direct current (DC) voltage. Rectifier 126 can be any rectifier known in the art, such as a passive or active rectifier. Passive rectifiers are typically the most common type of rectifier used in low-power applications due to their simple design and passive operation. However, in higher-power applications, diode voltage drops provide poor efficiency, and other types of rectifiers, such as active rectifiers, can be used instead. In other embodiments, field-effect transistors (FETs) can be used in combination with diodes to benefit from the better efficiency of active switching and to use diode mode during system startup.

[0050] Regulator 130 is a device for maintaining a constant output voltage of battery 132. Regulator 130 receives an input voltage from rectifier 126. Regulator 130 can be any type of voltage regulator, such as a linear regulator (e.g., a low dropout (LDO) linear regulator). In some embodiments, rectifier 126 and regulator 130 can be part of a switch-mode power supply (SMPS) circuit. In other embodiments, regulator 130 can be a step-up switching regulator.

[0051] The battery 132 receives the transmitted power and can be used as a charge storage device to provide wireless power, for example, to wireless earbuds encapsulated in a reverse rechargeable device 120.

[0052] Figure 2 A representation of the electromagnetic field in an embodiment of a wireless power system 100 corresponding to a reverse-chargeable device 120 operating in receive mode is shown. To simplify the discussion and minimize confusion, Figure 2 Only the coil 122 and capacitor 124 of the reverse rechargeable device 120 and the transmitting coil 116, capacitor 114 and power supply 112 of the transmitting device 110 of the wireless power system 100 are shown.

[0053] As previously disclosed, transmitting coil 116 and coil 122 are physically disconnected from each other. Power supply 112 provides current flow through transmitting coil 116, which generates magnetic flux. In response to the magnetic flux, an induced voltage is generated at coil 122. The magnetic flux only partially penetrates coil 122, and the remainder leaks around wireless power system 100, which may cause interference to nearby electronic devices. Magnetic shielding provides a low-impedance path for the magnetic flux and reduces electromagnetic field leakage around wireless power system 100. Passive shielding is an effective method for limiting electromagnetic field leakage at low frequencies.

[0054] In this embodiment, transmitting coils 116 and 122 are formed using tightly wound Litz wire to form a helical coil. Transmitting coils 116 and 122 are separated by an air core or air gap – the air gap serves as a magnetic core. Transmitting device 110 includes a first plate 142, and reverse-chargeable device 120 includes a second plate 144. The first plate 142 and the second plate 144 can be formed using conductive or ferromagnetic materials. In this embodiment, the first plate 142 and the second plate 144 are integrated within the housings of transmitting device 110 and reverse-chargeable device 120, respectively. The two plates surround transmitting coils 116 and 122 to block or attenuate magnetic field leakage. Furthermore, system efficiency is improved due to minimized magnetic field leakage to the environment.

[0055] In an embodiment, one or both of the first plate 142 and the second plate 144 are made of conductive or ferromagnetic material. In an embodiment, the first plate 142 and the second plate 144 may include layers of conductive and non-conductive materials. Note that additional plates may be placed at other angles and locations around the wireless power system 100 to mitigate leakage.

[0056] In this embodiment, one or both of the first plate 142 and the second plate 144 are materials with high magnetic permeability but low electrical conductivity, such as ferrite materials. The ferrite material can alter the path of the magnetic flux by guiding it through a preferred travel path. Therefore, the electromagnetic field passes through the ferrite plates, where leakage through the ferrite plates is minimized and external devices are effectively limited from exposure to the electromagnetic flux.

[0057] In one embodiment, one or both of the first plate 142 and the second plate 144 are made of a conductive material, such as copper or aluminum. In such an embodiment, an electromagnetic field induces eddy currents circulating in the plates, which generate an electromagnetic field in the opposite direction from the reverse rechargeable device 120 to the transmitting device 110—effectively canceling the magnetic flux originating from the transmitting coil 116.

[0058] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a wireless power system 200 is shown when the reverse rechargeable device 210 operates in receive mode. The wireless power system 200 includes a transmitting device 110, a reverse rechargeable device 210, a first receiving device 220, and a second receiving device 230. The transmitting device 110 wirelessly transmits power 240a to the reverse rechargeable device 210. Additionally, the transmitting device 110 wirelessly transmits power 240b to the first receiving device 220 and the second receiving device 230. Thus, similar to wireless power system 100, wireless power system 200 provides wireless power transmission from the transmitting device 110. However, in wireless power system 200, the transmitting device 110 simultaneously provides wireless power to three different devices and acts as a common charger for all three devices.

[0059] The reverse rechargeable device 210 includes a housing that may have one or more containers for accommodating a first receiver 220, a second receiver 230, or both the first receiver 220 and the second receiver 230. In an embodiment, the first receiver 220 and the second receiver 230 are wireless earbuds.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first receiving device 220 and the second receiving device 230 are each a wireless earbud for wirelessly listening to audio via, for example, a Bluetooth connection to a mobile device. The order of the first receiving device 220 and the second receiving device 230 is arbitrary, and in such an embodiment, each can be one of a left and a right wireless earbud. The reverse rechargeable device 210 is a housing for accommodating the wireless earbuds. Typically, the housing will have two containers for accommodating each wireless earbud; however, fewer or more containers are conceivable.

[0061] Typically, the operation of the electrical components and each of the components in each of the reverse rechargeable device 210, the first receiving device 220, and the second receiving device 230 is similar to the electrical components and operation previously discussed with respect to the reverse rechargeable device 120. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, the previously discussed components will not be repeated.

[0062] However, Figure 1 The reverse rechargeable device 120 in the middle and Figure 3 A key difference between the reverse rechargeable devices 210 in the series is that the reverse rechargeable device 210 can operate in both a transmitting and receiving mode. In receiving mode, the reverse rechargeable device 210, the first receiving device 220, and the second receiving device 230 receive wireless energy from the transmitting device 110. In transmitting mode, the reverse rechargeable device 210 transmits wireless energy to the first receiving device 220 and the second receiving device 230. Specifically, as per [reference to...] Figures 4A to 4C , Figure 5 and Figures 6A to 6B Further discussion reveals that the reverse rechargeable device 210 is capable of transmitting and receiving wireless power.

[0063] Figures 4A to 4B A representation of the magnetic field in an embodiment of the wireless power system 200 corresponding to the reverse rechargeable device 210 operating in receive mode is shown. To simplify the discussion and minimize confusion, Figures 4A to 4B Only the coil 122a and capacitor 124 of the reverse rechargeable device 210, the coil 122d and capacitor 124 of the receiving device 225, and the transmitting coil 116, capacitor 114 and power supply 112 of the transmitting device 110 are shown.

[0064] Figure 4A The diagram shows the positioning of the magnetic field and various electrical circuits within the wireless power system 200 when the wireless earpiece 225 enters the gap 246 within the second plate 244. Figure 4B The positioning of the wireless earbud 225 of the reference reverse rechargeable device 210 in its final position is shown.

[0065] Figure 4CThe illustration shows a representation of the receiving device 225, which may represent a first receiving device 220, a second receiving device 230, or both. Similar to the reverse rechargeable device 210, the receiving device 225 operates in receiving mode.

[0066] and Figure 2 The second board 144 is different. Figures 4A to 4B The passive magnetic shielding of the second plate 244 is disrupted to include one or more openings or gaps that can serve as containers for the receiving device 225. As shown, the second plate 244 is illustrated as having a single gap 246 through which the receiving device 225 can be inserted. However, this illustration is non-limiting, and instances in which additional receiving devices are simultaneously inserted into the gap 246 are contemplated. Furthermore, embodiments in which the second plate 244 may have additional openings or containers for accommodating one or more receiving devices in each opening are also contemplated.

[0067] Note that although the second plate 244 is shown as having a rectangular prism structure, it should be understood that the second plate 244 can have any conventional or unconventional shape formed around the main body of the housing of the reverse rechargeable device 210. Therefore, the rectangular prism shape is not limiting.

[0068] The receiving device 225 includes a body that is partially composed of a magnetic shield 248. The magnetic shield 248 may be a metallic portion of the body providing passive magnetic shielding. A coil 122d is formed by winding a coil 249 around the magnetic shield 248. The coil 122d may represent the coil 122b of the first receiving device 220 and the coil 122c of the second receiving device 230.

[0069] Similar to Figure 1 The power supply 112 of the transmitting device 110 provides current flow through the transmitting coil 116, which generates magnetic flux. In response to the magnetic flux, induced voltages are generated at coils 122a and 122d of the reverse rechargeable device 120.

[0070] In addition, the receiving device 225 (and in particular the magnetic shield 248) is arranged relative to the first plate 242 and the second plate 244 such that the magnetic field originating from the transmitting device 110 induces a voltage at the coil 122d of the receiving device 225.

[0071] In other words, power source 112 generates alternating current (AC), which induces a magnetic field at each of coils 122a and 122d. The induced magnetic field at each coil 122a and 122d induces an AC voltage through mutual coupling. In each device (i.e., the reverse-chargeable device 210 and the receiving device 225), a corresponding rectifier 126 converts the AC voltage to a DC voltage, and a corresponding regulator 130 converts the DC voltage from the rectifier 126 to match the desired DC voltage at the device's battery 132.

[0072] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a wireless power system 300 corresponding to a reverse-chargeable device 210 operating in transmit mode is shown. The reverse-chargeable device 210 wirelessly transmits power 260a to 260b to each of a first receiving device 220 and a second receiving device 230. In contrast to the reverse-chargeable device 210, the first receiving device 220 and the second receiving device 230 operate in receive mode. As previously described, Figure 4C The receiving device 225 in the text can represent one or both of the first receiving device 220 and the second receiving device 230.

[0073] In the reverse-chargeable device 210, the power source 212 generates alternating current (AC) at coil 122a, which induces a magnetic field at coils 122b to 122c. The induced magnetic field induces an AC voltage at coils 122b to 122c through mutual coupling. Rectifier 126 converts the AC voltage to DC voltage. Regulator 130 converts the DC voltage to match the desired DC voltage for batteries 132b to 132c.

[0074] In one embodiment, power source 212 uses energy stored in, for example, battery 132a to provide alternating current at coil 122a. In other embodiments, power source 212 may be supplied to the reverse-chargeable device 210 from an external source.

[0075] Figures 6A to 6B A representation of the magnetic field in the wireless power system 300, corresponding to an embodiment of a reverse-chargeable device 210 operating in transmit mode and a receiver 225 operating in receive mode, is shown. To simplify the discussion and minimize confusion, Figures 6A to 6B Only the coil 122a, capacitor 124, and power supply 212 of the reverse rechargeable device 210, and the coil 122d and capacitor 124 of the receiving device 225 are shown.

[0076] Figure 6A The location of the magnetic field and various electrical circuits within the wireless power system 200 is shown when the wireless earpiece 225 enters the gap 246 within the second plate 244. Figure 6B The positioning of the wireless earbud 225 of the reference reverse rechargeable device 210 in its final position is shown.

[0077] As previously mentioned Figures 4A to 4B In the discussed case, the second plate 244, which provides passive magnetic shielding in the reverse rechargeable device 210, is disrupted to include a gap 246 through which the receiving device 225 is inserted. As previously described, the receiving device 225 may correspond to either the first receiving device 220 or the second receiving device 230. In one embodiment, the gap 246 may be large enough to accommodate two devices simultaneously. In other embodiments, in addition to the gap 246, the second plate 244 may also include additional openings, and each opening may contain one or more receiving devices.

[0078] The power source 212 of the reverse rechargeable device 210 provides current flow through coil 122a, which generates magnetic flux. In response to the magnetic flux and the placement of receiving device 225 in gap 246, a voltage is induced at coil 122d, which induces an AC voltage through mutual coupling. A corresponding rectifier 126 converts the AC voltage to a DC voltage, and a corresponding regulator 130 converts the DC voltage from rectifier 126 to match the desired DC voltage at battery 132. Therefore, the power 260a to 260b transferred from the reverse rechargeable device 210 is stored in the corresponding battery 132 of receiving device 225.

[0079] Advantageously, Figure 3 , Figures 4A to 4C , Figure 5 and Figures 6A to 6B The embodiments allow the receiving device 225 to be wirelessly charged within a housing and container provided by the reverse-chargeable device 210. Compared to existing devices, the receiving device 225 no longer needs to include an interconnecting pad for charging. Furthermore, in the first mode, the receiving device 225 and the reverse-chargeable device 210 are simultaneously and efficiently charged directly from inductive power originating from the transmitting device 110.

[0080] Such as about Figures 6A to 6B Briefly, coils 122a and 122d are physically disconnected. The reverse-chargeable device 210 generates a current flowing through coil 122, which generates magnetic flux. This magnetic flux only partially penetrates coil 122d. In the embodiment, as... Figures 6A to 6B As shown, for example, the absence of passive shielding from the first plate 242 could expose the surrounding environment to unintentional radiation originating from the reverse-chargeable device 210. Therefore, systems and methods for attenuating and blocking electromagnetic fields are needed. In addition to the passive shielding previously discussed, active shielding and resonant reactive current shielding are some other techniques that can be used to limit and mitigate electromagnetic field leakage.

[0081] Figures 7A to 7BA graphical representation of electromagnetic fields and shielding techniques is shown, such as those that can be implemented in wireless power system 300 to minimize unintentional radiation from reverse-chargeable device 210. Figure 7A The resonant reactive current (RRC) shielding technology is shown, and Figure 7B Active shielding technology is shown. Note that... Figures 7A to 7B The shielding techniques shown are non-limiting and other types of shielding are considered. To simplify the discussion and minimize obfuscation, Figure 7A and Figure 7B Only the coil 122a, capacitor 124, and power supply 212 of the reverse rechargeable device 210, and the coil 122d and capacitor 124 of the receiving device 225 are shown.

[0082] Figure 7A This paper illustrates a resonant reactive current (RRC) shielding technique for limiting electromagnetic field leakage. RRC shielding utilizes Lenz's law, which states the direction of current flow induced in a conductor by a changing magnetic field, such that the magnetic field generated by the induced current is opposite to the first changing magnetic field.

[0083] For example, the reverse rechargeable device 210 may include a first shielding coil 322 and a second shielding coil 324 housed within the body of the reverse rechargeable device 210. The shielding coils may be arranged such that coils 122a and 122d are located between the first shielding coil 322 and the second shielding coil 324.

[0084] In this embodiment, the magnetic fields generated by coils 122a and 122d are coupled to the first shielding coil 322 and the second shielding coil 324, respectively, and induce corresponding currents in the respective shielding coils, thereby generating a canceling magnetic field. This cancellation of the magnetic field effectively limits unintentional electromagnetic leakage from the reverse-chargeable device 210.

[0085] Figure 7B Active shielding techniques for mitigating electromagnetic field leakage are illustrated. For example, a reverse-chargeable device 210 may include a first shielding coil 352 and a second shielding coil 354 housed within the body of the reverse-chargeable device 210. The shielding coils may be arranged such that coils 122a and 122d are positioned between the first shielding coil 352 and the second shielding coil 354.

[0086] Each shielded coil is powered by power supplies 356 and 358 electrically coupled to the respective shielded coil. In one embodiment, power supplies 356 and 358 may be the same as power supply 212. In other embodiments, power supplies 356 and 358 may be different power supplies (not shown) from power supply 212. In one embodiment, power supplies 356 and 358 are the same as battery 132. In other embodiments, power supplies 356 and 358 are different power supplies (not shown) and are separate from battery 132.

[0087] The direction of current flow in the first shielding coil 352 and the second shielding coil 354 is opposite to the direction of current flow in the nearest coil. In other words, the direction of current flow in the first shielding coil 352 is opposite to the direction of current flow in coil 122a. Similarly, the direction of current flow in the second shielding coil 354 is opposite to the direction of current flow in coil 122d. For example, if the direction of current flow in coil 122 is clockwise, then the direction of current flow in the first shielding coil 352 is counterclockwise, and vice versa. The resulting configuration provides a reverse electromagnetic field and effectively eliminates the electromagnetic field generated by the reverse rechargeable device 210.

[0088] In some embodiments, Figure 7A and Figure 7B Each of the shielded coils in the device can be controlled using, for example, a corresponding processor of the reverse rechargeable device 210. Figure 7B The active shielding in the device can be selectively turned on and off (i.e., enabled or disabled with the corresponding power supply at each shielding point) based on signals received by the processor to activate or deactivate the magnetic shielding. In some embodiments, the processor can detect the absence of the receiving device 225 within the gap 246 and the absence of an external electromagnetic field. In response, the reverse rechargeable device 210 can configure the active shielding or RRC shielding to be activated or deactivated.

[0089] In one embodiment, this determination may be based on a mechanical lever activated by placing the receiving device inside the container of the reverse rechargeable device 210. The lever can switch between a first state where the receiving device 225 is absent and a second state where the receiving device 225 is present.

[0090] In one embodiment, the wireless power system 300 is configured to operate within a standard wireless protocol (e.g., the Qi wireless standard). In such an embodiment, the processor in the reverse-chargeable device 210 may be configured to communicate with the transmitting device 110 to determine whether the transmitting device is providing wireless power. In other embodiments, the processor in the reverse-chargeable device 210 may be configured to detect the presence of an external electromagnetic field using, for example, coil 122, and determine that the AC voltage obtained at the output of a rectifier or regulator is below a threshold.

[0091] In another embodiment, determining that the receiving device 225 is located within the gap 246 can be based on, for example, electrical signals or communication between the receiving device 225 and the reverse-chargeable device 210. In other embodiments, the determination can be based on using signals from a sensor configured to detect the presence or absence of an object within the container of the reverse-chargeable device 210.

[0092] It should be understood that additional or combined active, passive or RRC shielded coils can be used at different angles and locations in the reverse rechargeable device 210 to minimize electromagnetic field leakage.

[0093] In an embodiment, Figure 7A and Figure 7B Each of the shielding coils in the device may have a first configuration corresponding to the reverse rechargeable device 210 in transmitting mode and a second configuration corresponding to the reverse rechargeable device 210 in receiving mode. The reverse rechargeable device 210 may switch between the two configurations autonomously (i.e., in response to a change in operating mode) or mechanically by the user.

[0094] For example, the shielding coil can be a flexible coil that is enabled (extending along the surface of the housing) or disabled (curled up and located within a small portion of the housing). In another example, the shielding coil can switch between the two configurations in response to, for example, the detection of the absence of the receiving device 225 and the transmitting device 110 within gap 246.

[0095] In another example, the shielding coil can switch between two configurations in response to the placement of the receiving device 225 within the gap and, for example, the rotation of the housing to deactivate the shielding coil and activate the magnetic shielding.

[0096] Figure 8 A simplified block diagram of a wireless power circuit 400 that can be implemented in a reverse rechargeable device 210 or a receiving device 225 is shown. The receiving device 225 may represent one or both of a first receiving device 220 and a second receiving device 230.

[0097] In addition to the electrical components discussed previously, the wireless power circuit 400 includes a processor 420 and a memory 430, which may (or may not) be arranged as shown. The wireless power circuit 400 may optionally include one or more antenna elements, drivers, demodulators, modulators, filter circuits, and impedance matching circuits (not shown).

[0098] Note that each of the reverse rechargeable device 210 and the receiving device 225 includes additional components of the wireless power circuit 400. For example, the receiving device 225 may include other components such as a dynamic drive unit, a magnetic control assembly, a coil, a microphone, and a damper.

[0099] In an embodiment, the rectifier 126 of the receiving device 225 may be a passive rectifier, such as a simple diode bridge. In an exemplary embodiment, the receiving device 225 is a wireless earbud. In such an example, the overall size of the receiving device 225 provides a limitation on the charging capacity (e.g., 100 mAh) in the corresponding battery 132 of the wireless earbud, and therefore a simple passive rectifier is sufficient for rectification purposes.

[0100] In one embodiment, the rectifier 126 for the reverse-chargeable device 120 may include an active FET switch. In such an embodiment, the reverse-chargeable device 120 is capable of operating in a transmitting mode (i.e., providing wireless power) via reverse operation (i.e., inverter mode).

[0101] Processor 420 is electrically coupled to rectifier 126, regulator 130, and memory 430. Processor 420 may be, for example, a microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Wireless power circuitry 400 is shown as having a single processor; however, in some embodiments, multiple processors may be included, and the various functions attributed herein to processor 420 may be distributed across these multiple processors. Furthermore, in some embodiments, processor 420 may be a processor shared among various circuits of the reverse-chargeable device 210 or the receiving device 225.

[0102] In one embodiment, the processor 420 is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 430 to switch the operation of the reverse rechargeable device 210 from a transmitting mode to a receiving mode. In another embodiment, the processor 420 is configured to activate in response to detecting the receiving device 225 in the gap 246 and detecting the absence of an electromagnetic field, for example, generated by the transmitting device 110. Figures 7A to 7B The shielding coil in the middle. In other embodiments, the processor 420 may be configured to generate a signal transmitted between the reverse rechargeable device and the receiving device 225 to indicate the presence of the receiving device 225 in the container of the reverse rechargeable device 210.

[0103] Memory 430 can be configured to store data, programs, firmware, operating system, and other information, and to make the processor 420 accessible to the data, programs, firmware, operating system, and additional information. Memory 430 may include any type of non-transitory system memory, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), read-only memory (ROM), or combinations thereof. In embodiments, memory 430 may include ROM for use at boot time and DRAM for use during program execution, including programs, firmware, and data storage. Memory 430 may include one or more of, for example, solid-state drives, hard disk drives, disk drives, removable storage drives, and optical disk drives.

[0104] Figure 9A flowchart of an embodiment method 500 for operating a wireless power system 300 is shown, which may be performed by a reverse-chargeable device 210. In step 502, the processor 420 of the reverse-chargeable device 210 detects the state of an external electromagnetic field. In an embodiment, the external electromagnetic field may originate from the transmitting device 110. In an embodiment, the processor 420 determines the presence or absence of the electromagnetic field by, for example, determining whether the output voltage of the rectifier 126 or the regulator 130 is within a threshold voltage.

[0105] In other embodiments, the reverse rechargeable device 210 can detect communications from the transmitting device 110, such as near field communication (NFC), which signals the transmission of wireless energy.

[0106] In such an embodiment, the method can transition back to step 502, and then to step 506.

[0107] In some embodiments, the reverse rechargeable device 210 can receive communication from the receiving device 225, such as near-field communication, whereby the receiving device 225 signals that an electromagnetic field is absent. In such an embodiment, the method can return to step 502 and then proceed to step 506.

[0108] In step 504, in response to the detection of an external electromagnetic field, the reverse rechargeable device 210 configures the wireless power circuit 400 to operate in a receiving mode. In this configuration, the battery 132 of the reverse rechargeable device 210 is in a charging mode. In an embodiment, the reverse rechargeable device 210 can determine the presence of an electromagnetic field via an external device, and in response, can communicate with the external device, for example, using near-field communication to disable the transmission of wireless power.

[0109] In step 506, in response to the detection of the absence of an external electromagnetic field, the reverse rechargeable device 210 determines whether an external device (i.e., receiving device 225) is placed inside the container of the reverse rechargeable device 210. As previously described, this determination may be in response to, for example, mechanical configuration (such as a change in lever position), sensor detection, or near-field communication between the receiving device 225 and the reverse rechargeable device 210.

[0110] In step 508, in response to the detection of the absence of an external electromagnetic field and the presence of the receiving device 225, the reverse rechargeable device 210 configures the wireless power circuit 400 to operate in transmit mode. In this configuration, the power supply 212 provides wireless power to the receiving device 225.

[0111] In step 510, in response to the detection of the absence of an external electromagnetic field and the absence of the receiving device 225, the reverse charging device 210 configures the wireless power circuit 400 to operate in standby mode. In this embodiment, the reverse charging device 210 is not configured to be in either a transmitting or receiving mode. In other embodiments, the reverse charging device 210 may be configured to be in a receiving mode.

[0112] Notice, Figure 9 The order of the steps shown is not strictly required; therefore, in principle, the steps can be performed in any order. Furthermore, some steps can be skipped, different steps can be added or substituted, or selected steps or groups of steps can be performed in separate applications.

[0113] Figure 10 The illustration shows an embodiment of a housing 602 and a pair of wireless earbuds 604, which can be represented by a reverse-chargeable device 210 and a receiving device 225, respectively. As shown, due to the configuration of the housing 602, the wireless earbuds 604 are capable of receiving wireless power. This configuration allows the housing 602 and the wireless earbuds 604 to be wirelessly charged simultaneously. Furthermore, when the power source for wireless charging is the housing 602, this configuration enables the wireless earbuds 604 to be wirelessly charged by the housing 602.

[0114] The inventive aspects disclosed herein are readily compatible with the Qi wireless interface standard. However, it should also be understood that these inventive aspects can also be applied to any other type of reverse wireless charging with different resonant and operating frequencies, which are designed to be compatible with other wireless standards. Therefore, embodiments of the invention can operate without adhering to the Qi standard.

[0115] In this specification, when terms that define absolute position (such as "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc.) or relative position (such as "above", "below", "on top", "below bottom", etc.) or direction (such as "horizontal", "vertical", etc.) are used, they refer to the orientation of the drawings.

[0116] Unless otherwise stated, when referring to two elements electrically connected together, it means that these elements are not directly connected by any other intermediate element besides a conductor. When referring to two elements electrically coupled together, it means that these two elements can be directly coupled (connected) or coupled via one or more other elements.

[0117] Although a detailed description has been provided, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and alterations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims. In different figures, the same elements are designated by the same reference numerals. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments described herein, as it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art from this disclosure that existing or future processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps can perform substantially the same functions or achieve substantially the same results as the corresponding embodiments described herein. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to include such processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps within their scope.

[0118] Therefore, the specification and drawings are simply regarded as a description of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims, and are contemplated to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents falling within the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for operating a wireless charging system, comprising: The device includes a wireless earbud, the wireless earbud comprising a body, the body including a passive magnetic shield and a coil, the coil being wound around the portion of the body including the passive magnetic shield; In response to the placement of the subject within an electromagnetic field, the coil receives wireless energy; and The battery of the wireless earbud is charged in response to receiving the wireless energy; The electromagnetic field is present within the housing, and the housing has a gap within the magnetic shielding portion of the housing. The reception of the wireless energy depends on the placement of the body of the wireless earbud within the gap. The electromagnetic field is generated by a second device that simultaneously provides wireless power to the housing and the wireless earbud.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic field is generated by the circuitry of the housing.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating near-field communication with the housing, the near-field communication providing a signal to the housing indicating the placement of the body of the wireless earbud within the gap.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The absence of the electromagnetic field is detected by the wireless earbuds, and a request for wireless energy is transmitted from the housing.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the detection includes determining whether the voltage at the output of the rectifier of the wireless earbud is within a threshold, and based on the determination, requesting the wireless energy from the housing.

6. A wireless earbud, comprising: The main body is configured to shield electromagnetic fields; The coil is wound around the body; as well as The circuit is configured to receive a signal from an external source, the signal being used to generate audio, the circuit being powered by a battery coupled to the coil, the battery being configured to wirelessly charge according to the placement of the body of the wireless earbud within an electromagnetic field; The electromagnetic field is located within the housing, and the housing has a gap within the magnetically shielded portion of the housing, and the wireless charging of the battery is based on the placement of the body of the wireless earbud within the gap; The electromagnetic field is generated by a second device that simultaneously provides wireless power to the housing and the wireless earbud.

7. The wireless earbud of claim 6, wherein the electromagnetic field is generated by the circuitry of the housing.

8. The wireless earbud of claim 6, further comprising a second circuit, the second circuit comprising: Non-transitory memory storage device, including instructions; and A processor that communicates with the non-transitory memory storage device, wherein the processor executes instructions to generate near-field communication with the housing, the near-field communication providing a signal to the housing indicating the placement of the body of the wireless earbud within the gap.

9. The wireless earbud of claim 8, wherein the second circuit further comprises a switched diode rectifier.

10. A wireless power system, comprising: The housing includes: The housing has: Container for containing the receiving device; and A plate having gaps, said plate being configured to shield electromagnetic fields; and The first circuit is configured as follows: Receives wireless energy in a first mode, the first mode corresponding to a first electromagnetic field generated by an external device; and Transmitting wireless energy in a second mode, the second mode corresponding to a second electromagnetic field generated by the first circuit; and The receiving device includes: The main body is configured to shield electromagnetic fields; Coils, surrounding the body; and A second circuit is configured to receive wireless energy based on the first electromagnetic field and the second electromagnetic field, the reception being in response to the placement of the receiving device in the gap of the plate.

11. The wireless power system of claim 10, wherein the housing further includes a resonant reactive current shield having a shielding coil configured to reduce electromagnetic leakage from the housing.

12. The wireless power system of claim 10, wherein the housing further includes an active shield having a shielding coil and a power supply coupled to the shielding coil, the power supply being configured to be enabled in a second mode of the first circuit and disabled in a first mode of the first circuit, enabling the active shield to reduce electromagnetic leakage from the housing.

13. The wireless power system of claim 10, wherein the first circuit further comprises: Non-transitory memory storage device, including instructions; and A processor, communicating with the non-transitory memory storage device, wherein the processor executes the instructions to: The absence of the first electromagnetic field is detected; Detecting the placement of the receiving device within the gap in the plate; and The second electromagnetic field is generated.

14. The wireless power system of claim 13, wherein the first circuit further comprises a rectifier electrically coupled to a second coil, wherein detecting the absence of the first electromagnetic field comprises: Determine whether the voltage at the output of the rectifier is within a threshold, and based on the determination, detect the state of the first electromagnetic field.

15. The wireless power system of claim 13, wherein detecting the placement of the receiving device in the gap of the plate comprises: The receiving device receives a signal indicating a request for wireless power.

16. The wireless power system of claim 10, wherein the housing, the receiving device, and the external device communicate with each other using near-field communication.

17. A method for operating a wireless power system, the wireless power system including a housing and a receiving device, the method comprising: The receiving device is placed in the container of the housing of the outer casing; The electromagnetic field is shielded by the plates of the outer shell, and the plates have gaps; The first circuit receives wireless energy in a first mode, the first mode corresponding to a first electromagnetic field generated by an external device. The first circuit transmits wireless energy in a second mode, the second mode corresponding to a second electromagnetic field generated by the first circuit. The electromagnetic field is shielded by the main body of the receiving device, and the coil surrounds the main body of the receiving device; as well as The second circuit of the receiving device receives wireless energy based on the first electromagnetic field and the second electromagnetic field, the reception being in response to the placement of the receiving device in the gap of the plate.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the housing of the enclosure further comprises a resonant reactive current shield having a shielding coil, the method further comprising using the shielding coil to reduce electromagnetic leakage from the housing of the enclosure.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the housing of the housing includes an active shield having a shielding coil and a power supply coupled to the shielding coil, the method further comprising: The power supply is activated in the second mode; The power supply is disabled in the first mode; as well as The active shielding is enabled to reduce electromagnetic leakage from the housing.

20. The method of claim 17, further comprising generating the second electromagnetic field in response to detecting the absence of the first electromagnetic field and the placement of the receiving device in the gap of the plate.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the first circuit further comprises a rectifier electrically coupled to a second coil, the method further comprising: The voltage at the output of the rectifier is determined to be within a threshold value, and based on this determination, the absence of the first electromagnetic field is detected.

22. The method of claim 20, further comprising: The receiver receives a signal indicating a request for wireless power, and based on the reception, detects the placement of the receiver in the gap of the plate.

23. The method of claim 17, further comprising using near-field communication to communicate between the housing, the receiving device, and the external device.

24. A wireless power system, comprising: The housing has a casing and a first circuit, the first circuit including: Non-transitory memory storage device, including instructions; and A processor, communicating with the non-transitory memory storage device, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: Receives wireless energy in a first mode, the first mode corresponding to a first electromagnetic field generated by an external device; and Transmitting wireless energy in a second mode, the second mode corresponding to a second electromagnetic field generated by the first circuit; and A receiving device has a body, a coil, and a second circuit, the coil surrounding the body, the body being configured to shield against electromagnetic fields; the second circuit is configured to receive wireless energy in response to a first electromagnetic field and a second electromagnetic field, the reception being responsive to placement of the receiving device within a housing.

25. The wireless power system of claim 24, wherein the housing comprises a plate having a gap, the plate being configured to shield electromagnetic fields.

26. The wireless power system of claim 24, wherein the housing comprises a container for accommodating the receiving device.

27. The wireless power system of claim 24, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the first circuit to generate the second electromagnetic field in response to detecting the absence of the first electromagnetic field and the placement of the receiving device in the housing.

28. The wireless power system of claim 24, wherein the housing further includes an active shield having a shielding coil and a power supply coupled to the shielding coil, the power supply being configured to be enabled in a second mode of the first circuit and disabled in a first mode of the first circuit, enabling the active shield to reduce electromagnetic leakage from the housing.

29. The wireless power system of claim 24, wherein the first circuit further includes a rectifier electrically coupled to a second coil, wherein the instruction, when executed by the processor, causes the first circuit to detect the absence of the first electromagnetic field in response to determining whether the voltage at the output of the rectifier is within a threshold.

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