Method of construction of composite panel bracing

Abstract

The application relates to a construction method of a combined formwork, which adopts a split type mold and a plastic rib device to manufacture a formwork, a bolt groove type lifting hook to lift the mold, a horizontal bolt vertical belt type positioning hoisting structure to hoist, an upper hanging horizontal pulling type connecting structure to connect a main stress component and a connecting component, a corner protection anti-collision strip to protect the prefabricated formwork, a column with an anti-skid key to support the combined formwork, and an assembled disassembling device to disassemble the prefabricated formwork, thereby solving and improving unprecedented construction links such as manufacturing, installation and disassembly of the prefabricated formwork, and further accelerating landing and improvement of the combined formwork technology. Compared with the existing cast-in-situ concrete support, the disclosed technology can reduce cost, shorten construction period, facilitate construction, be green, environment-friendly and energy-saving, has no noise, no construction waste and no pollution, and has remarkable economic and social benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foundation pit engineering technology, specifically a construction method for combined plate supports. Background Technology

[0002] Foundation pit support (or foundation pit retaining) in foundation pit engineering is an important temporary construction measure in urban construction. Concrete supports, as an important component of foundation pit support, not only have greater rigidity and better overall integrity than steel supports, but also have significant cost advantages.

[0003] However, despite the aforementioned advantages of concrete supports, their mandatory removal, resulting in noise, dust, and significant construction waste, contradicts the modern requirements for green, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly practices. To date, existing engineering applications utilize cast-in-place concrete supports, which ultimately require cutting or dismantling for removal, leading to substantial project waste, environmental noise, and construction waste. To avoid this drawback, reusable concrete components are being explored as internal supports. Furthermore, removable concrete supports, after being used multiple times as internal supports in foundation pits, can be reused in other, less demanding engineering applications, further reducing project costs.

[0004] Currently, some new technologies using prefabricated concrete supports have begun to emerge. However, to make prefabricated concrete supports practical, further improvement and innovation are still needed. There are still many gaps, defects and imperfections in the methods of component fabrication, node connection, installation and dismantling.

[0005] This invention will provide some new and innovative technologies to improve prefabricated concrete supports. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, fill the gaps in the prior art, and provide a more complete, cost-effective, green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving prefabricated concrete support system and construction method, namely, the construction method of combined plate bracing.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the construction method of the combined plate support of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The combined slab bracing includes main load-bearing components, connecting components, and connectors. The main load-bearing components and connecting components include laterally fitted precast slab bracings. Each precast slab bracing is a plate-shaped precast concrete beam, including corbels at both ends and holes perpendicular to the surface of the precast slab bracing. The main load-bearing components and connecting components are connected by connectors. Each connector includes a load-bearing plate and a support frame. The load-bearing plate is vertically positioned, laterally fitted to and connected to the main load-bearing components. The support frame is horizontally positioned and connected to the load-bearing plate. The main load-bearing components are mounted on columns, horizontally supporting the retaining pile wall. The connecting components and... The main load-bearing components intersect, connect, and link the main load-bearing components into a whole. The connection node between the connecting component and the main load-bearing component is set as a rigid node or a hinged node. The rigid node or hinged node is set as an upper-hanging horizontal bracing type. The upper-hanging horizontal bracing type is set as follows: the bracket of the precast slab support of the connecting component is hung on the support frame of the connector, and the precast slab support of the connecting component is connected to the connector by two horizontal tie rods. The horizontal tie rod of the rigid node is connected to the load-bearing plate of the connector through a transverse load-bearing member. The horizontal tie rod of the hinged node is connected to the support frame of the connector through a vertical load-bearing member. The construction method of the combined slab support includes the following steps: 1. Use molds to make precast slab supports, lift the precast slab supports out of the molds and transport them to the construction site, and at the same time complete the on-site positioning work; 2. Flip the precast slab bracing used for the column position upside down so that the corbel of the precast slab bracing is down; 3. A set of precast slab supports is lifted using a horizontal bolt and vertical strap hoisting and positioning structure, and the side fitting and hole alignment of adjacent precast slab supports are completed automatically at the same time. 4. First, install the main load-bearing components at the column positions, then install the main load-bearing components at other positions. Insert movable buffer pads into the gaps between the ends of adjacent precast slab supports of the main load-bearing components, and use jacks to tighten the main load-bearing components in the same direction. 5. Install the connectors, insert the rigid bolts into the reserved holes of the precast slab support of the main load-bearing member and the reserved holes of the load-bearing plate of the connector, and lock the load-bearing plate of the connector onto the main load-bearing member. 6. Install the connecting components. Hoist the precast slab of the connecting components to the predetermined position, place the bracket of the precast slab support on the support frame of the connector, insert the vertical load-bearing rod into the support frame, and connect the vertical load-bearing rod to the connecting components using two horizontal tie rods to form a hinged node; or connect the load-bearing plate of the connector to the connecting components using two horizontal tie rods to form a rigid node; thereby connecting the precast slab support of the main load-bearing component and the connecting components together. 7. Install an isolation membrane at one end of the precast slab support of the main load-bearing member and the connecting member and the cast-in-place concrete waler, and connect the end of the precast slab support with the isolation membrane to the waler with cast-in-place concrete. This completes the installation of the combined slab support and allows the excavation of the lower layer of earthwork to begin. Optionally, corner guards and anti-collision strips can be added to the corners of the precast slab supports of the main load-bearing member and the connecting member. 8. Once the support function is complete, before dismantling the supports, first separate the precast slab supports of the main load-bearing components and connecting components from the cast-in-place concrete walers, and then lift and transport the precast slab supports away; optionally, as needed, before separating the precast slab supports from the cast-in-place concrete part, the cast-in-place concrete part can be cut vertically to relieve the axial force of the support and facilitate dismantling.

[0008] The connecting member has a load-bearing plate with holes perpendicular to the plate surface (the surface with the largest area of ​​the precast slab support), and a support frame with vertical holes for supporting vertical load-bearing rods. The load-bearing plate and the support frame are rigidly (non-rotatable) connected. The end of the support frame is equipped with a stop key to prevent horizontal sliding and vertical detachment of the connecting member; the stop key is block-shaped. The connecting member is made of concrete, steel, or a reinforced concrete composite structure.

[0009] Optionally, the load-bearing plate is made of precast concrete and the support frame is made of steel structure, with the ends of the support frame pre-embedded in the load-bearing plate during manufacturing.

[0010] Optionally, both the load-bearing plate and the support frame are made of steel, or both the load-bearing plate and the support frame are made of concrete.

[0011] Optionally, the load-bearing slab and support frame made of concrete can be prefabricated as a whole, or the support frame can be prefabricated first and then embedded in the load-bearing slab during the fabrication of the load-bearing slab.

[0012] The support frame includes a horizontal frame and a vertical frame, both of which are arranged in a horizontal plane and intersect each other. The horizontal frame is used to support the brackets of the precast slab support, and the vertical frame is used to connect the horizontal frame and the load-bearing plate, providing axial tension or compression for the connecting components.

[0013] The vertical load-bearing rod is vertically installed inside the internal holes of the support frame or on the inner side of the horizontal frame of the support frame. Bolt holes are provided at both ends of the vertical load-bearing rod, and it is fastened to the horizontally installed tie rod by bolts, bearing the horizontal tensile force of the tie rod. The horizontal load-bearing member is horizontally installed on the outer side of the support plate, and is fastened to the horizontally installed tie rod by bolts, bearing the horizontal tensile force of the tie rod. The tie rod and the horizontal load-bearing member are provided with bolt holes and rigid bolt holes for installing bolts and rigid bolts. The tie rod is connected and locked to the connecting member by rigid bolts, and the horizontal load-bearing member is connected and locked to the main load-bearing member by rigid bolts. The tie rod, vertical load-bearing rod, and connecting member form an upper-hanging horizontally tensioned hinged node; the tie rod, horizontal load-bearing member, and connecting member form an upper-hanging horizontally tensioned rigid node; the horizontal load-bearing member is block-shaped, and the materials of the vertical load-bearing rod, horizontal load-bearing member, and tie rod are steel, concrete, or a steel-concrete composite material.

[0014] Optionally, the horizontal tie rod is directly connected to the load-bearing plate of the connector to form an upper-hanging horizontal tie rigid node.

[0015] The rigid bolt is a steel pipe with a tie rod inserted inside. The tie rod has tensioning elements (nuts or straight threaded sleeves) at both ends. The tie rod is a reinforcing bar, steel pipe, steel bar or steel strand.

[0016] The aforementioned top-mounted horizontal tie-type connection node separates the self-weight stress of the connecting component from the horizontal connection stress between the connecting component and the connector. This results in a clear stress pattern, each component performing its own function, convenient component transportation and installation, simple stress distribution, and improved safety.

[0017] The mold is a modular mold, which includes a vertical mold, a bottom mold, and a hole mold. The vertical mold is arranged vertically and in parallel. The hole mold includes an integral hole mold and an embedded positioning hole mold. The integral hole mold is a cylinder or tube and is located in the lower half of the vertical mold with its axis perpendicular to the vertical mold. The embedded positioning hole mold is located in the upper half of the vertical mold with its axis perpendicular to the vertical mold. The embedded positioning mold consists of a set of cylinders with axial holes, positioned between adjacent vertical molds. A continuous tie rod is installed within the axial hole of each cylinder in the embedded positioning mold set. A tension nut is attached to the end of the tie rod to secure and tension the outermost vertical mold. The end of each cylinder of the embedded positioning mold presses against the adjacent vertical mold, ensuring the standard thickness of the precast slab support, forming a reserved hole for the precast slab support, and providing a channel for the tie rod. During demolding, it is lifted out along with the precast slab support, then removed for reuse. The embedded positioning mold is a multi-functional component. The mold material is a composite material made of concrete, steel, wood, plastic, and other chemical materials.

[0018] The construction method for the combined slab support involves using a molding rib to create anti-collision ribs on the top of the precast slab support. These anti-collision ribs are arc-shaped or figure-eight shaped. The molding rib includes an upper support locator at the top and an embedded molding rib at the bottom. The embedded molding rib is embedded between adjacent vertical molds of a modular mold, with its lower surface concave upwards and featuring a molding groove. The upper support locator rests on the top of the vertical mold and is restricted from downward movement by the vertical mold, thus completing the positioning of the molding rib. The molding rib is block-shaped and made of chemical composite materials such as concrete, steel, wood, and plastic. The method of using the molding rib is as follows: 1. Pour concrete inside the precast mold and smooth the top surface of the concrete; 2. Place the plastic prism flat on top of the vertical mold, and place the upper positioning device on top of the vertical mold; 3. Relying on the weight of the molding die, or by manually pressing downwards, or by manually or mechanically pressing the upper support positioning device, the embedded molding die is squeezed into the adjacent vertical mold, compressing the concrete to make it denser. 4. While the embedded molding device is pressing the concrete in the mold, the upper positioning device is moved horizontally along the direction parallel to the vertical mold by manual or mechanical traction to shape the anti-collision edge of the precast slab support.

[0019] The construction method of the combined slab support described above involves using a slotted hook to lift the precast slab support out of the mold. The slotted hook includes a vertical slot, a horizontal hole, and a horizontal bolt placed inside the slot (a horizontal bolt placed inside the vertical slot). The vertical slot is embedded in the top of the precast slab support, and the surface of the vertical slot is parallel or inclined to the surface of the precast slab support (the surface with the largest area of ​​the precast slab support). The vertical slot is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The horizontal hole is perpendicular to the surface of the precast slab support and penetrates the precast slab support. It is located within the surface of the vertical slot (the surface with the largest area of ​​the vertical slot in the vertical plane). The horizontal bolt is placed inside the horizontal hole, penetrates the precast slab support, and is a detachable and reusable rod-shaped object. The material used is concrete, steel, wood, or high-strength plastic, etc. The slotted hook eliminates the need for exposed steel hooks on precast slab supports, concealing them within the supports. This avoids hindering the lifting, transportation, stacking, and use of precast components, while preventing exposed steel hooks from rusting and being damaged by wind, rain, and sun, thus preserving the hook's functionality and the precast slab support's reusability. The usage of the slotted hook includes the following steps: 1. Place the rope loop at the end of the hoisting rope into the vertical groove, ensuring the bottom of the rope loop is below the horizontal hole; 2. Insert the transverse bolt into the transverse hole and through the rope loop until it reaches the other side of the precast slab support. The transverse bolt is completely hidden in the transverse hole and has no impact on the outside. 3. The hoisting equipment holds the hoisting rope, the rope loop catches the horizontal bolt, the horizontal bolt catches the horizontal hole of the precast slab support, and the precast slab support is lifted up; 4. Once the precast slab is hoisted to the designated position, the horizontal bolts are removed, the rope loops are taken off, and the hoisting is completed.

[0020] The aforementioned horizontal bolt and vertical strap hoisting and positioning structure includes a vertically arranged vertical strap and a horizontal bolt. The horizontal bolt is a cylindrical rod or tube made of materials such as concrete, steel, wood, or high-strength plastic. Its cross-sectional outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the reserved hole of the precast slab support by a preset difference. The horizontal bolt is installed in the reserved hole of the precast slab support. The axis of the horizontal bolt is parallel to the axis of the reserved hole of the precast slab support, and both ends of the horizontal bolt are exposed outside the slab surface of a set of precast slab supports (at least two precast slab supports). The vertical strap is looped around the set of precast slab supports from the bottom. The strap catches the two exposed ends of the horizontal bolt from one side and tilts to the other side after passing around the exposed ends of the horizontal bolt. Applying a lifting force to the sling, the outer arc surface of the horizontal bolt presses against the inner arc surface of the pre-drilled hole in the precast slab support, ensuring complete alignment of the pre-drilled holes in a set of precast slab supports. The exposed end of the horizontal bolt catches the sling, preventing horizontal slippage and forming a stable and precise lifting and positioning structure. The described horizontal bolt and vertical sling lifting method includes the following steps: 1. Hoist the first precast slab support to the predetermined position, then hoist the second precast slab support and place it on the side of the previous precast slab support and place it parallel to it. Roughly align the reserved holes of the adjacent precast slab supports. Repeat this process to complete the initial hoisting of a set of slab supports. 2. Insert two horizontal bolts symmetrically into the holes of a set of precast slab supports. Use slings to loop around the set of precast slab supports from below and hold the horizontal bolts. The hoisting equipment simultaneously lifts the two symmetrical slings. The lifting process completes the positioning and side fitting of a set of precast slab supports at the same time.

[0021] Optionally, a horizontal bolt is inserted into the upper and lower reserved holes in the middle of a set of precast slab supports. A sling is used to wrap around a set of precast slab supports from the bottom and to hold the two horizontal bolts from opposite sides. The lifting equipment lifts the slab supports and simultaneously completes the positioning and side fitting of a set of precast slab supports.

[0022] A buffer pad is provided between the ends of adjacent precast slab supports of the main load-bearing component to buffer the stress concentration caused by the precast accuracy or installation accuracy of the precast slab support ends, forming a dry connection method of the combined slab support (as defined in contrast to the wet connection method of grouting, filling mortar or fine stone concrete).

[0023] The buffer pad includes a fixed buffer pad and a movable buffer pad. The fixed buffer pad has reserved holes corresponding to the positions of the steel strands or reinforcing bars of the precast slab support. It is fixed (glued) to the end face of the precast slab support before installation. The exposed steel strands or reinforcing bars (the steel strands or reinforcing bars that are not completely cut after cutting) that are perpendicular to the end face of the precast slab support (the face with the smallest area of ​​the precast slab support) are placed in the holes of the fixed buffer pad. The length of the exposed bars is less than the thickness of the fixed buffer pad, ensuring that the exposed bars do not contact the adjacent buffer pads, so that the fixed buffer pad can play a buffering role. The fixed buffer pad is fixed in place before the precast slab support is hoisted, and also has the function of protecting the end of the precast slab support from being damaged.

[0024] The movable buffer pads, after the precast slab supports are installed in place, fill the gaps between the fixed buffer pads of adjacent precast slab supports, sealing and tightening the gaps between the ends of the adjacent precast slab supports, further ensuring reliable force transmission between adjacent precast slab supports. The movable buffer pads are provided in different sizes to accommodate the function of sealing gaps. The buffer pads are made of wood, metal, soft materials, or chemical composite materials such as plastics.

[0025] The corner guards have a concave inner side, parallel to the ridge line of the precast slab support, and are tightly attached to the outer corner of the main load-bearing component and connecting component. A set of these corner guards is fixed to the main load-bearing component or connecting component by annular tension rings (such as packing straps) perpendicular to the axis of the precast slab support, preventing damage to the precast slab support from mechanical equipment during construction processes such as earthwork excavation. The corner guards are made of chemical composite materials such as wood, bamboo, metal, rubber, fabric, or plastic; the tension rings are also made of chemical composite materials such as metal, rubber, fabric, or plastic.

[0026] The connection node between the combined slab bracing and the cast-in-place concrete waler is set as a set of vertically parallel superimposed precast slab bracing and cast-in-place slab bracing (the precast slab bracing is in the middle of the horizontal direction of the support cross section, and the outer side of the precast slab bracing is a set of plate-shaped vertically parallel superimposed cast-in-place concrete supports, referred to as cast-in-place slab bracing), and the precast slab bracing is connected to the concrete waler through the cast-in-place slab bracing.

[0027] The construction method of the combined slab support utilizes a prefabricated dismantling device, with the cast-in-place slab support acting as a reaction frame, to lift the prefabricated slab support upwards and detach it from the cast-in-place slab support. The prefabricated dismantling device includes a load-bearing ring, an upper pad, and a jack. An upper pad is placed between the load-bearing ring and the top of the cast-in-place slab support (so that the reaction force of the load-bearing ring is directly applied to the cast-in-place slab support and provides space for the prefabricated slab support to detach upwards). A lower pad is added to the bottom of the prefabricated slab support (to prevent the jack from directly pressing on the prefabricated slab support and causing damage). The jack is located below the lower pad, and the load-bearing ring supports the jack from below. The pad material is a chemical composite material such as wood, metal, fabric, or plastic, and the shape is block-shaped or strip-shaped. The load-bearing ring material is a chemical composite material such as wood, fabric, metal (steel), or plastic, and the shape is block-shaped or strip-shaped.

[0028] Optionally, the load-bearing ring can be disassembled into at least two parts, which can be reconnected into a whole when the support is disassembled for use.

[0029] Furthermore, the load-bearing ring is assembled, comprising an upper flat beam, a lower flat beam, and a side puller. The upper flat beam is positioned on top of the cast-in-place slab support, with an upper pad between the upper flat beam and the top of the cast-in-place slab support. The lower flat beam is positioned at the bottom of a set of vertically parallel precast slab supports, with a lower pad between the lower flat beam and the bottom of the precast slab support. A jack is positioned between the lower pad and the lower flat beam. The side puller is vertically positioned on both sides of the combined slab support with a gap between it and the cast-in-place slab support. The side puller has holes, through which the ends of the upper and lower flat beams pass and are restricted from vertical movement by the side puller. Thus, the upper and lower flat beams and the side puller form an assembled load-bearing ring. The upper flat beam, lower flat beam, and side puller are strip-shaped or plate-shaped, and made of chemical composite materials such as wood, steel, fabric, and plastic.

[0030] Optionally, the load-bearing ring can be formed by combining the upper flat pole, the lower flat pole, and the side puller into a ring-shaped belt, or by combining the upper flat pole and the side puller into a belt-shaped ring, with the belt-shaped ring made of soft materials such as slings.

[0031] The method of using the assembled support device includes the following steps: 1. Place a pad block on top of the cast-in-place slab support, and put the load-bearing ring around the combined slab support and (place the upper spreader on) the pad block; 2. Place a lower pad block under the precast slab support, and place a jack between the lower pad block and the load-bearing ring; 3. Apply pressure with a jack to push the precast slab support upwards and slide it relative to the cast-in-place slab support until it separates from the cast-in-place slab support. Place wedges (wood, steel, plastic, etc.) in the gap between the precast and cast-in-place slab supports. 4. Use hoisting equipment to lift the precast slab support upwards.

[0032] The construction method of the combined slab support described above includes the placement of core-filled concrete between the column and the precast slab support. Anti-slip keys are provided on the outer surface of the column within the core-filled concrete area to prevent relative sliding between the column and the core-filled concrete. The column is made of steel-concrete composite or precast pipe piles. The anti-slip keys are made of steel and connected to the outer steel pipe of the column. The fabrication method of the steel-concrete composite column includes the following steps: 1. Process steel pipes, and decide whether to install end plates as needed; 2. Using the precast pipe pile manufacturing method, the steel pipe itself is used as a mold, concrete is poured into the steel pipe, and the steel pipe and concrete are rotated simultaneously using a centrifugal method and cured at the same time. 3. After the concrete has solidified, lift the concrete-filled steel pipe out and stack it.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Material reuse and cost reduction of combined panel supports: Because the combined panel supports adopt a prefabricated structure and prefabricated recyclable columns, materials can be reused, saving costs.

[0034] 2. Green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving: Compared with the existing technology - cast-in-place concrete support, the on-site construction is clean and civilized, with no dust, no construction waste, and reduced noise. It is environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and energy consumption is significantly reduced.

[0035] 3. Fast construction speed and time-saving: The installation time of the dry-connected composite plate bracing with buffer pads is reduced, and the construction speed is faster than that of cast-in-place concrete bracing. It also requires no curing. Even compared with steel bracing, the construction speed is several times faster and the construction period is shortened.

[0036] 4. Convenient construction: The use of modular molds, bolt-type hooks for lifting, horizontally connected nodes, horizontal bolts and vertical straps for hoisting and positioning, and prefabricated dismantling devices for dismantling prefabricated slab supports not only makes construction faster and more convenient, but also fills and innovates the gap in existing combined slab support technology, providing a strong guarantee for the large-scale promotion and application of combined slab supports.

[0037] 5. Improve construction quality and project safety: Using plastic ribs to make anti-collision ribs for precast slab supports not only makes the precast slab supports more impact-resistant, thus improving their durability and reusability, but also increases the density of the concrete at the top of the precast slab supports, improving the precast quality and making the precast slab supports more aesthetically pleasing; the precast slab supports with buffer pads prevent end collision damage and can solve the stress concentration at the ends of the precast slab supports, improving the safety of the combined slab supports.

[0038] 6. Precast components are made with precision, convenience and speed: The use of modular molds to make precast components saves space, facilitates concrete pouring, and ensures precise positioning of pre-reserved holes, resulting in fast production speed; the embedded positioning hole mold solves the problems of mold positioning, fixing and stability at the same time, making the production process simpler.

[0039] 7. Reduced column cost and improved safety: The steel-concrete composite columns are produced using the precast pipe pile method, with the steel pipe itself serving as a mold. The steel pipe has a dual function: it is used as a mold and also as part of the column itself, replacing the steel reinforcement of the pipe pile, thus reducing production costs. The precast steel-concrete composite columns can be reused, further reducing project costs. Moreover, the characteristics of the composite plate bracing make steel-concrete composite columns possible (which are difficult to use with cast-in-place concrete bracing and steel bracing). Steel-concrete composite columns have better safety and stability than lattice columns supported by cast-in-place concrete, and they are more resistant to mechanical impacts during foundation pit excavation. Even compared to precast pipe piles, the steel pipe on the surface of the steel-concrete composite column has stronger impact resistance than the concrete of precast pipe piles. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a side elevation view of the precast slab support in the combined slab support construction method of the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the prefabricated plate support mold for this invention; Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the plastic prism used to fabricate the precast plate support of the present invention; Figure 4 Cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the plastic prism, the modular mold, and the concrete during the fabrication of the precast slab support for this invention. Figure 5 A side view showing the positional relationship between the plastic prism and the modular mold when manufacturing the precast slab support according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a side elevation view of the horizontal bolt and vertical strap hoisting and positioning structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a top view of the horizontal bolt and vertical strap hoisting and positioning structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the hinged node in the upper-hanging horizontal tension connection method of the main load-bearing component and the connecting component of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rigid node in the upper-hanging horizontal tension connection method of the main load-bearing component and the connecting component of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a top view of the obliquely intersecting connecting member of the main load-bearing component and the connecting component of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a top view of the orthogonal connecting member between the main load-bearing component and the connecting component of the present invention; Figure 12This is a top view showing the positional relationship between the main load-bearing component and the connecting component of the present invention, which are obliquely connected by an upper horizontal bracing system. Figure 13 This is a top view showing the positional relationship between the main load-bearing component and the connecting component of the present invention in an orthogonal upper-hanging horizontal tie-type connection; Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the assembled dismantling device and the combined plate support of the present invention. Figure 15 This is a top view showing the positional relationship between the assembled dismantling device and the combined plate support of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a front view of the fixed cushioning pad of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the steel-concrete composite column and the composite slab brace of the present invention. Figure 18 This is a top view showing the positional relationship between the steel-concrete composite column and the composite slab brace of the present invention. Figure 19 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the grooved hook of the present invention.

[0041] Figure label: 1-Precast slab support, 11-Hole, 111-Corner, 12-Bottom formwork, 13-Integral hole formwork, 14-Vertical formwork, 15-Cylinder of embedded positioning hole formwork, 16-Tie bolt, 17-Pouring concrete; 2-Shaping prism, 21-Upper support positioning device, 22-Embedded shaping device, 221-Shaping groove; 3-Helping strap, 31-Horizontal bolt, 32-Lifting point; 4-Connector, 41-Bearing plate, 42-Bearing bracket, 421-Horizontal frame, 422-Vertical frame, 423-Issuing key; 5-Horizontal tie rod, 51-Rod hole; 6-Vertical bearing 61-Pole, 62-Horizontal load-bearing component; 7-Rigid bolt; 8-Assembled dismantling device, 81-Upper spreader, 811-Lower spreader, 82-Side puller, 83-Upper pad, 831-Lower pad, 84-Jack, 85-Cast-in-place slab support; 9-Fixed buffer pad, 91-Reserved hole, 92-Exposed reinforcement; 10-Column, 101-Anti-slip key, 102-Steel pipe of column, 103-Concrete of column, 104-Core grouting concrete; 106-Vertical groove, 107-Horizontal hole, 108-Horizontal bolt in groove, 109-Rope loop. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To better understand the technical content of this invention, the following embodiments are provided for detailed explanation.

[0043] Please see Figures 1-19As shown, the precast slab support 1 includes holes 11 and corbels 111; the modular mold includes a bottom mold 12, a vertical mold 14, and a hole mold; the hole mold includes an integral hole mold 13 and an embedded positioning hole mold; the embedded positioning hole mold includes a cylinder 15 and tie bolts 16; the vertical mold 14 is arranged vertically and parallel; the integral hole mold 13 is a cylinder or tube, arranged in the lower half of the vertical mold 14 and its axis is perpendicular to the vertical mold 14; the embedded positioning hole mold is arranged in the lower half of the vertical mold 14 and its axis is perpendicular to the vertical mold 14. The cylindrical body 15 of the embedded positioning hole mold is set between adjacent vertical molds 14. A continuous tie rod 16 is set in the axial hole of the cylindrical body 15 of a set of embedded positioning hole molds. The end of the tie rod is provided with a tensioning nut for fixing and tensioning the outermost vertical mold. The end of the cylindrical body 15 of each embedded positioning hole mold is pressed against the adjacent vertical mold 14 to ensure the standard thickness of the precast slab support, form the reserved hole of the precast slab support, and provide a channel for the tie rod. When disassembling the mold, it is lifted out together with the precast slab support and then removed for reuse. The embedded positioning hole mold is a multi-functional component.

[0044] The prismatic device 2 includes an upper support locator 21 located at the top and an embedded prismatic device 22 located at the bottom. The embedded prismatic device 22 is embedded between adjacent vertical molds 14 of the modular mold, with its lower surface concave upward and provided with a prismatic groove 221. The upper support locator 21 rests on the top of the vertical mold 14 and is restricted from moving downward by the vertical mold 14, thereby completing the positioning of the prismatic device 2. The embedded prismatic device 22 of the prismatic device 2 extrudes and pours concrete 17, and relies on the prismatic groove 221 to create the anti-collision ridge of the precast slab support 1.

[0045] The aforementioned horizontal bolt and vertical strap hoisting and positioning structure includes a vertically arranged vertical strap 3 and a horizontal bolt 31. The horizontal bolt is a cylindrical rod or tubular body with a cross-sectional outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the reserved hole 11 of the precast slab support by a preset difference. The horizontal bolt 31 is installed in the hole 11 of the precast slab support, and the axial direction of the horizontal bolt 31 is parallel to the axial direction of the hole 11 of the precast slab support. Both ends of the horizontal bolt 31 are exposed on the surface of a set of precast slab supports 11. In addition, the vertical sling 3 is looped around a set of precast slab supports 1 from the bottom. The sling 3 passes through one side of the horizontal bolt 31 and catches the two exposed ends of the horizontal bolt 31. It then goes around the exposed ends of the horizontal bolt 31 and tilts to the other side to apply an upward lifting force to the sling 3. The outer arc surface of the horizontal bolt 31 presses against the inner arc surface of the hole 11 of the precast slab support 1, so that the holes 11 of the set of precast slab supports 1 are completely aligned. The exposed ends of the horizontal bolt 31 catch the sling 3 and prevent the sling 3 from sliding horizontally, forming a stable and precise hoisting and positioning structure.

[0046] The connecting member 4 includes a load-bearing plate 41 and a support frame 42. The load-bearing plate 41 is vertically arranged, its side is attached to and connected to the main load-bearing member. The support frame 42 is horizontally arranged and connected to the load-bearing plate 41. The connection node between the connecting member and the main load-bearing member is set as a rigid joint or a hinged joint. The rigid joint or hinged joint is set as an upper-hanging horizontal brace. The upper-hanging horizontal brace is set as the bracket 12 of the precast slab support 1 of the connecting member. On the support frame 42 of the connector 4, and the precast slab support 1 of the connecting component is connected to the connector 4 by two horizontal tie rods 5. The horizontal tie rod 5 of the hinged node is connected to the support frame 42 of the connector 4 through the vertical load-bearing rod 6. The horizontal tie rod 5 of the rigid node is connected to the load-bearing plate 41 of the connector 4 through the transverse load-bearing member 62. The load-bearing plate 41 of the connector 4 is provided with holes perpendicular to the plate surface. The support frame 42 is provided with vertical holes. The support plate 41 and the support frame 42 are rigidly connected to support the vertical load-bearing rod 6. Further, the support frame 42 includes a horizontal frame 421 and a vertical frame 422. The end of the support frame 42 is provided with a stop key 423 to prevent horizontal sliding and vertical detachment of the connecting components. The vertical load-bearing rod 6 has bolt holes at both ends and is connected and fastened to the horizontally arranged tie rod 5 by bolts 61, bearing the horizontal tension of the tie rod 5. The horizontal load-bearing member 62 is horizontally arranged on the outside of the load-bearing plate 41 and is connected and fastened to the horizontally arranged tie rod 5 by bolts, bearing the horizontal tension of the tie rod 5. The tie rod 5 and the horizontal load-bearing member 62 are provided with bolt holes and rigid bolt holes 51 for installing bolts 61 and rigid bolts 7. The tie rod 5 is connected and locked to the connecting components by rigid bolts 7, and the horizontal load-bearing member 62 is connected and locked to the main load-bearing component by rigid bolts 7. The horizontal tie rod 5, the vertical support rod 6, and the connector 4 form an upper-hanging horizontal tie hinged node; the horizontal tie rod 5, the transverse support member 62, and the connector 4 form an upper-hanging horizontal tie rigid node.

[0047] The connection node between the combined slab brace and the cast-in-place concrete waler is configured as a set of vertically parallel precast slab braces 1 and cast-in-place slab braces 85, with the precast slab brace 1 connected to the concrete waler via the cast-in-place slab brace 85; the prefabricated support dismantling device 8 includes a load-bearing ring, an upper pad 83, and a jack 84, with the upper pad 83 positioned on top of the cast-in-place slab brace 85, and the load-bearing ring supporting the jack 84 from below; furthermore, the load-bearing... The ring includes an upper flat beam 81, a lower flat beam 811, and a side puller 82. An upper pad 83 is provided between the upper flat beam 81 and the top of the cast-in-place slab support 85. A lower pad 831 is added to the bottom of the precast slab support 1. A jack 84 is located below the lower pad 831. The lower flat beam 811 supports the jack 84 from below. The assembled support dismantling device 8 uses the cast-in-place slab support 85 as a reaction frame to lift the precast slab support 1 upward and separate it from the cast-in-place slab support 85.

[0048] The fixed buffer pad 9 is provided with a reserved hole 91 corresponding to the position of the exposed rib 92 of the precast slab support 1. It is fixed to the end face of the precast slab support 1 before the precast slab support 1 is installed. The exposed rib 92 inside the precast slab support 1, which is perpendicular to the end face of the precast slab support, is exactly set in the reserved hole 91 of the fixed buffer pad 9. The length of the exposed rib 92 is less than the thickness of the fixed buffer pad 9, ensuring that the exposed rib 92 does not contact the adjacent buffer pad, so that the fixed buffer pad 9 can play a buffering role. The fixed buffer pad 9 is fixed in place before the precast slab support 1 is hoisted, and it also has the function of protecting the end of the precast slab support 1 from being damaged.

[0049] A core-filled concrete 105 is provided between the column 10 and the precast slab support 1. The column 10 is made of steel-concrete composite or precast pipe pile. An anti-slip key 101 is provided on the outer surface of the column 10 within the core-filled concrete area. Furthermore, the steel-concrete composite of the column 10 includes a steel pipe 102 on the outer surface and a concrete 103 on the inner surface. The anti-slip key 101 is connected to the steel pipe 102 of the column and is configured to prevent relative sliding between the column and the core-filled concrete 105.

[0050] The aforementioned slotted hook includes a vertical slot 106, a horizontal hole 107, and a horizontal bolt 108 within the slot. The vertical slot 106 is embedded in the top of the precast slab support 1, and the vertical slot 106 is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The horizontal hole 107 is perpendicular to the surface of the precast slab support 1 and penetrates the precast slab support 1, and is located within the slot surface of the vertical slot 106. The horizontal bolt 108 within the slot is located in the horizontal hole 107 and penetrates the precast slab support 1.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Step 1: Use molds to make precast slab supports, lift the precast slab supports out of the molds and transport them to the construction site, and at the same time complete the on-site positioning work; Step 2: Flip the precast slab bracing used for the column position upside down so that the corbel of the precast slab bracing is down. Step 3: Use a horizontal bolt and vertical strap hoisting and positioning structure to lift a set of precast slab supports, and at the same time automatically complete the side fitting and hole alignment of adjacent precast slab supports; Step 4: First, install the main load-bearing components at the column positions, then install the main load-bearing components at other positions. Insert movable buffer pads into the gaps between the ends of adjacent precast slab supports of the main load-bearing components, and use jacks to tighten the main load-bearing components in the same direction. Step 5: Install the connectors, insert the rigid bolts into the reserved holes of the precast slab support of the main load-bearing component and the reserved holes of the load-bearing plate of the connectors, and lock the load-bearing plate of the connectors onto the main load-bearing component; Step 6: Install the connecting components. Hoist the precast slab supports of the connecting components to the predetermined positions. Place the brackets of the precast slab supports on the support frames of the connectors. Insert the vertical load-bearing rods into the support frames. Use the upper and lower horizontal tie rods to connect the vertical load-bearing rods to the connecting components to form a hinged joint; or use the upper and lower horizontal tie rods to connect the load-bearing plates of the connectors to the connecting components to form a rigid joint; thereby connecting the main load-bearing components and the precast slab supports of the connecting components together. Step 7: Install an isolation membrane at one end of the precast slab support of the main load-bearing member and the connecting member where it meets the cast-in-place concrete waler, and connect the end of the precast slab support with the isolation membrane to the waler with cast-in-place concrete. This completes the installation of the combined slab support and allows the excavation of the lower layer of earthwork to begin. Optionally, corner guards and anti-collision strips can be added to the corners of the precast slab supports of the main load-bearing member and the connecting member. Step 8: Before dismantling the supports, first separate the precast slab supports of the main load-bearing components and connecting components from the cast-in-place concrete walers, and then lift and transport the precast slab supports away; optionally, as needed, before separating the precast slab supports from the cast-in-place concrete part, the cast-in-place concrete part can be cut vertically to relieve the axial force of the support and facilitate dismantling.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Step 1: Pour concrete inside the prefabricated mold and smooth the top surface of the concrete; Step 2: Place the plastic prism flat on top of the vertical mold, and place the upper positioning device on top of the vertical mold; Step 3: Relying on the weight of the molding die itself, or by manually pressing downwards, or by manually or mechanically pressing the upper support positioning device, the embedded molding die is squeezed into the adjacent vertical mold, compressing the concrete to make it denser. Step 4: While the embedded molding device is pressing the concrete in the mold, the upper positioning device is moved horizontally along the direction parallel to the vertical mold by manual or mechanical traction to shape the anti-collision edge of the precast slab support.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] Step 1: Place the rope loop at the end of the hoisting rope into the vertical groove, ensuring the bottom of the rope loop is below the horizontal hole; Step 2: Insert the transverse bolt in the groove into the transverse hole and through the rope loop until it reaches the other side of the precast slab support. The transverse bolt in the groove is completely hidden in the transverse hole and has no impact on the outside. Step 3: The hoisting equipment holds the hoisting rope, the rope loop catches the horizontal bolt in the groove, the horizontal bolt in the groove catches the horizontal hole of the precast slab support, and the precast slab support is lifted up. Step 4: The precast slab is hoisted to the designated position, the horizontal bolts are removed, the rope slings are released, and the hoisting is completed.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] Step 1: Hoist the first precast slab support to the predetermined position, then hoist the second precast slab support and place it on the side of the previous precast slab support and place it parallel to it. Roughly align the reserved holes of the adjacent precast slab supports. Repeat this process to complete the initial hoisting of a set of slab supports. Step 2: Insert two horizontal bolts symmetrically into the symmetrical holes of a set of precast slab supports. Use slings to loop around the set of precast slab supports from below and hold the horizontal bolts. The hoisting equipment simultaneously lifts the two symmetrical slings, and the lifting process completes the positioning and side fitting of a set of precast slab supports at the same time.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] Step 1: Place the pad block on top of the cast-in-place slab support, and then put the load-bearing ring (upper spreader) over the combined slab support and the upper pad block; Step 2: Place the lower pad block under the precast slab support, and place the jack between the lower pad block and the load-bearing ring; Step 3: Apply pressure with a jack to push the precast slab support upwards and slide it away from the cast-in-place slab support, and place a wedge (wood, steel, plastic, etc.) in the gap between the precast slab support and the cast-in-place slab support. Step 4: Use hoisting equipment to lift the precast slab support upwards.

[0061] Example 6

[0062] Step 1: Process the steel pipes, and decide whether to install end plates as needed; Step 2: Using the precast pipe pile manufacturing method, the steel pipe itself is used as a mold. Concrete is poured into the steel pipe, and the steel pipe and concrete are rotated simultaneously using a centrifugal method, while being cured at the same time.

[0063] The construction method of the combined plate bracing proposed in this invention fills the gap in the connection and installation methods of combined plate bracing, achieving material reuse without the generation of construction waste, reducing costs, shortening the construction period, facilitating construction, being green, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, improving construction quality, and increasing assembly rate. It has significant and unexpected improvements over existing technologies in terms of economy, convenience and social benefits, and has more significant and outstanding social and economic benefits, further promoting the industrial upgrading of prefabricated structures.

[0064] In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it will be apparent that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the specification and drawings should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. A construction method for a combined plate bracing system, characterized in that, The combined slab support includes main load-bearing components, connecting components, and connectors. The main load-bearing components and connecting components include laterally fitted precast slab supports. Each precast slab support includes corbels at both ends and holes perpendicular to the surface of the precast slab support. The main load-bearing components and connecting components are connected by connectors. Each connector includes a load-bearing plate and a support frame. The load-bearing plate is vertically positioned, laterally fitted to and connected to the main load-bearing components. The support frame is horizontally positioned and connected to the load-bearing plate. The main load-bearing components are mounted on columns and horizontally support the retaining pile wall. The connecting components intersect with the main load-bearing components. The main load-bearing components are connected and integrated into a whole. The connection nodes between the connecting components and the main load-bearing components are set as rigid nodes or hinged nodes. The rigid nodes or hinged nodes are set as top-hanging horizontal bracing. The top-hanging horizontal bracing is set as follows: the bracket of the precast slab support of the connecting component is hung on the support frame of the connector, and the precast slab support of the connecting component is connected to the connector by two horizontal tie rods. The horizontal tie rod of the rigid node is connected to the load-bearing plate of the connector through a transverse load-bearing member. The horizontal tie rod of the hinged node is connected to the support frame of the connector through a vertical load-bearing member. The construction method of the combined slab support includes the following steps: ① Use molds to make precast slab supports, lift the precast slab supports out of the molds and transport them to the construction site, and at the same time complete the on-site positioning work; ② Flip the precast slab bracing used for the column position up and down so that the corbel of the precast slab bracing is down; ③ A set of precast slab supports is lifted using a horizontal bolt and vertical strap hoisting and positioning structure, and at the same time, the side fitting and hole alignment of adjacent precast slab supports are automatically completed. ④ First, install the main load-bearing components at the column positions, then install the main load-bearing components at other positions. Insert movable buffer pads into the gaps between the ends of adjacent precast slab supports of the main load-bearing components, and use jacks to tighten the main load-bearing components in the same direction. ⑤ Install the connectors, insert the rigid bolts into the reserved holes of the precast slab support of the main load-bearing member and the reserved holes of the load-bearing plate of the connector, and lock the load-bearing plate of the connector onto the main load-bearing member. ⑥ Install the connecting components. Hoist the precast slab of the connecting components to the predetermined position, place the bracket of the precast slab support on the support frame of the connector, insert the vertical load-bearing rod into the inside of the support frame, and connect the vertical load-bearing rod to the connecting components using the upper and lower horizontal tie rods to form a hinged node; or connect the load-bearing plate of the connector to the connecting components using the upper and lower horizontal tie rods to form a rigid node. ⑦ Install an isolation membrane at one end of the precast slab support of the main load-bearing component and connecting component and the cast-in-place concrete waler, and connect the end of the precast slab support with the isolation membrane to the waler with cast-in-place concrete, thus completing the installation of the combined slab support and starting the excavation of the lower layer of earthwork. ⑧ Once the support function is complete, before dismantling the supports, first separate the precast slab supports of the main load-bearing components and connecting components from the cast-in-place concrete walers, and then lift and transport the precast slab supports away.

2. The construction method of the combined plate support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting member has a load-bearing plate with holes perpendicular to the plate surface, and the support frame has vertical holes for placing vertical load-bearing rods. The load-bearing plate and the support frame are rigidly connected, and the end of the support frame is provided with a stop key to prevent horizontal sliding and vertical detachment of the connecting member. The load-bearing plate is made of concrete and the support frame is made of steel. During manufacturing, the ends of the support frame are pre-embedded in the load-bearing plate; or both the load-bearing plate and the support frame are made of steel; or both the load-bearing plate and the support frame are made of concrete and are prefabricated as a whole, or the support frame is prefabricated first and then pre-embedded in the load-bearing plate during the manufacturing process. The support frame includes a horizontal frame and a vertical frame, both of which are arranged in a horizontal plane and intersect each other. The horizontal frame is used to support the brackets of the precast slab support, and the vertical frame is used to connect the horizontal frame and the load-bearing plate. The vertical support rod is vertically installed inside the internal holes of the support frame or on the inner side of the horizontal frame of the support frame, bearing the horizontal tension of the horizontal tie rod; the horizontal support member is horizontally installed on the outer side of the support plate, and is connected and fastened to the horizontal tie rod, bearing the horizontal tension of the tie rod; the horizontal tie rod and the horizontal support member are provided with rigid bolt holes for installing rigid bolts, the horizontal tie rod is connected and locked to the connecting member by rigid bolts, the horizontal support member is connected and locked to the main load-bearing member by rigid bolts, or the horizontal tie rod is directly connected to the support plate of the connecting member to form an upper-hanging horizontal tie type rigid node.

3. The construction method of the combined plate bracing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mold is a modular mold, comprising a vertical mold, a bottom mold, and a hole mold. The vertical molds are arranged vertically and parallel to each other. The hole molds include an integral hole mold and an embedded positioning hole mold. The integral hole mold is located in the lower half of the vertical mold, and its axis is perpendicular to the vertical mold. The embedded positioning hole mold is located in the upper half of the vertical mold, and its axis is perpendicular to the vertical mold. It is a set of cylinders with axial holes, arranged between adjacent vertical molds. A continuous tie rod is installed in the axial hole of the cylinder of the embedded positioning hole mold. A tensioning nut is installed at the end of the tie rod to fix and tension the outermost vertical mold. The end of the cylinder of each embedded positioning hole mold presses against the adjacent vertical mold to ensure the standard thickness of the precast slab support, form the reserved hole of the precast slab support, and provide a channel for the tie rod. When disassembling the mold, the cylinder is lifted out together with the precast slab support and then removed for reuse.

4. The construction method of the combined plate bracing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The construction method of the combined slab support utilizes a molding rib to create anti-collision ribs on the top of the precast slab support. The molding rib includes an upper support locator at the top and an embedded molding rib at the bottom. The embedded molding rib is embedded between adjacent vertical molds of a modular mold, with its lower surface concave upwards and provided with a molding groove. The upper support locator rests on the top of the vertical mold and is restricted from downward movement by the vertical mold, thereby completing the positioning of the molding rib. The method of using the molding rib includes the following steps: ① Pour concrete inside the precast mold and smooth the top surface of the concrete; ② Place the plastic prism flat on top of the vertical mold, and place the upper positioning device on top of the vertical mold; ③ Relying on the weight of the molding die itself, or by manually pressing downwards, or by manually or mechanically pressing the upper support locator, the embedded molding die is squeezed between adjacent vertical molds, compressing the concrete to make it denser. ④ While the embedded molding device is squeezing the concrete in the mold, the upper positioning device is moved horizontally along the direction parallel to the vertical mold by manual or mechanical traction to shape the anti-collision edge of the precast slab support.

5. The construction method of the combined plate support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction method of the combined slab support involves using a slotted hook to lift the precast slab support out of the mold. The slotted hook includes a vertical slot, a horizontal hole, and a horizontal bolt within the slot. The vertical slot is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and is embedded in the top of the precast slab support. The horizontal hole is perpendicular to the surface of the precast slab support and penetrates it, and is located within the groove surface. The horizontal bolt is located within the horizontal hole and penetrates the precast slab support. The method of using the slotted hook includes the following steps: ① Place the rope loop at the end of the hoisting rope into the vertical groove, with the bottom of the rope loop lower than the horizontal hole; ② Insert the transverse bolt into the transverse hole and through the rope loop until it reaches the other side of the precast slab support; ③ The hoisting equipment holds the hoisting rope, the rope loop catches the horizontal bolt in the groove, the horizontal bolt in the groove catches the horizontal hole of the precast slab support, and the precast slab support is lifted up; ④ The precast slab is hoisted to the predetermined position, the horizontal bolts in the groove are removed, the rope sling is removed, and the hoisting is completed.

6. The construction method of the combined plate bracing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned horizontal bolt and vertical strap hoisting and positioning structure includes a vertically arranged vertical sling and a horizontal bolt. The outer diameter of the horizontal bolt's cross-section is smaller than the inner diameter of the pre-reserved hole in the precast slab support. The horizontal bolt is installed inside the pre-reserved hole in the precast slab support, and the axis of the horizontal bolt is parallel to the axis of the pre-reserved hole in the precast slab support. Both ends of the horizontal bolt are exposed outside the surface of a set of precast slab supports. The vertical sling is looped around the set of precast slab supports from below, catches the two exposed ends of the horizontal bolt from one side, and tilts around the exposed ends of the horizontal bolt to the other side, applying an upward lifting force to the sling. The outer arc surface of the horizontal bolt presses against the inner arc surface of the pre-reserved hole in the precast slab support, so that the pre-reserved holes of a set of precast slab supports are completely aligned. The exposed ends of the horizontal bolt catch the sling, preventing the sling from sliding horizontally. The aforementioned horizontal bolt and vertical strap hoisting method includes the following steps: ① Hoist the first precast slab support to the predetermined position, then hoist the second precast slab support and place it on the side of the first precast slab support and parallel it. Roughly align the reserved holes of the adjacent precast slab supports, and repeat this process to complete the initial hoisting of a set of slab supports. ② Insert two transverse bolts symmetrically into the symmetrical holes of a set of precast slab supports. Use slings to loop around the set of precast slab supports from below and hold the transverse bolts. The hoisting equipment simultaneously lifts the two symmetrical slings. The lifting process simultaneously completes the positioning and side fitting of a set of precast slab supports.

7. The construction method of the combined plate bracing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A buffer pad is provided between the ends of adjacent precast slab supports of the main load-bearing component to buffer the stress concentration caused by the precast accuracy or installation accuracy of the precast slab support ends, forming a dry connection method of the combined slab support. The buffer pad includes a fixed buffer pad and a movable buffer pad. The fixed buffer pad is provided with reserved holes corresponding to the exposed ribs of the precast slab support. It is fixed to the end face of the precast slab support before the precast slab support is installed. The exposed ribs inside the precast slab support are set in the reserved holes of the fixed buffer pad. The movable buffer pad, after the precast slab supports are installed in place, fills the gap between the fixed buffer pads of adjacent precast slab supports, and fills and tightens the gap between the ends of the adjacent precast slab supports, further ensuring reliable force transmission between adjacent precast slab supports.

8. The construction method of the combined plate bracing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The precast slab support is protected by corner guards to prevent impact. The inner side of the corner guard is concave, parallel to the edge of the precast slab support, and closely attached to the outer corner of the main load-bearing component and connecting component. A set of the corner guards is fixed to the main load-bearing component or connecting component by a tension ring perpendicular to the axis of the precast slab support to prevent mechanical equipment from damaging the precast slab support.

9. The construction method of the combined plate bracing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection node between the combined slab bracing and the cast-in-place concrete waler is set as a set of vertically parallel superimposed precast slab bracing and cast-in-place slab bracing. The precast slab bracing is set in the middle of the horizontal direction of the support cross section, and the outer side is a set of plate-shaped vertically parallel superimposed cast-in-place slab bracing. The precast slab bracing is connected to the concrete waler through the cast-in-place slab bracing. The construction method of the combined slab support uses a prefabricated dismantling device to lift the precast slab support upwards and separate it from the cast-in-place slab support, with the cast-in-place slab support as the reaction frame. The prefabricated dismantling device includes a load-bearing ring, an upper pad block, and a jack. An upper pad block is set between the load-bearing ring and the top of the cast-in-place slab support, and a lower pad block is added to the bottom of the precast slab support. The jack is set under the lower pad block, and the load-bearing ring supports the jack from the bottom. The load-bearing ring is assembled and includes an upper flat beam, a lower flat beam, and side pullers. The upper flat beam is positioned at the top of the cast-in-place slab support, with an upper pad between the upper flat beam and the top of the cast-in-place slab support. The lower flat beam is positioned at the bottom of the precast slab support, with a jack between it and the bottom of the precast slab support. The side pullers are vertically positioned on both sides of the combined slab support, and each side puller has a hole inside. The ends of the upper and lower flat beams pass through these holes and are restricted from vertical movement by the side pullers. The method of using the assembled support dismantling device includes the following steps: ① Place a pad on top of the cast-in-place slab support, and then put the load-bearing ring around the combined slab support and the pad; ② Place a lower pad block under the precast slab support, and place a jack between the lower pad block and the load-bearing ring; ③ Apply pressure with a jack to push the precast slab support upward and slide it relative to the cast-in-place slab support and separate it, and place a wedge in the gap between the precast slab support and the cast-in-place slab support; ④ Use hoisting equipment to lift the precast slab support upwards.

10. The construction method of the combined plate bracing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A core-filled concrete is provided between the column and the precast slab support. Anti-slip keys are provided on the outer surface of the column within the core-filled concrete area to prevent relative sliding between the column and the core-filled concrete. The column is made of steel-concrete composite pipe or precast pipe pile. The anti-slip keys are connected to the steel pipe of the column. The manufacturing method of the steel-concrete composite pipe column includes the following steps: ①Process steel pipes and decide whether to install end plates as needed; ② Using the manufacturing method of precast pipe piles, the steel pipe itself is used as a mold, concrete is poured into the steel pipe, and the steel pipe and concrete are rotated at the same time using a centrifugal method and cured at the same time. ③ After the concrete has solidified, the steel pipe concrete is lifted out and stacked.

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