Combined heat and power system with heat pump and electricity storage

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system with heat pump energy storage, comprising a heat pump energy storage system, a thermal storage system, a refrigeration system, a heating system, and a cooling water system. The heat pump energy storage system includes a compressor, a turbine, a first generator, a first reversing valve, a molten salt tank, an antifreeze tank, a molten salt heat exchanger, an intermediate heat exchanger, a second reversing valve, and an antifreeze heat exchanger. The first reversing valve connects the compressor and the turbine; the molten salt heat exchanger connects the molten salt tank and the first reversing valve; the intermediate heat exchanger connects the first reversing valve and the molten salt heat exchanger and is also connected to the thermal storage system; the second reversing valve connects the turbine, the intermediate heat exchanger, and the compressor; the antifreeze heat exchanger is connected to the thermal storage system and is connected to the second reversing valve; and the thermal storage system is connected to both the refrigeration system and the heating system. This invention's combined cooling, heating, and power system with heat pump energy storage improves the overall system efficiency, as its energy storage, power generation, refrigeration, and heating stages are all closed-loop cycles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy storage technology, specifically, it relates to a combined cooling, heating and power system with heat pump energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, heat pump-type alternating energy storage and power supply systems include both energy storage and heating modes and power supply and heating modes. The key feature is that two sets of thermal storage systems alternately store and release energy in energy storage and heating modes to achieve both energy storage and power supply. The circulation pattern of the working medium at room temperature during energy storage is: compression – heat release through the second thermal storage body – expansion and work – heating – heat absorption through the first thermal storage body. The circulation pattern during power supply is: compression – heat absorption through the second thermal storage body – expansion and work – heat release through the first thermal storage body – heating. However, in the energy storage circulation mode, this technology cannot use a single-tank energy storage system, otherwise, the heat and cold energy cannot be fully stored. A dual-tank energy storage system is required, which leads to system complexity and high cost. In the power supply circulation mode, to maintain the temperature difference and energy conversion efficiency between the second thermal storage body (a high-temperature heat source) and the first thermal storage body (a low-temperature heat source), the temperature of the second thermal storage body needs to be increased. Furthermore, the system is an open-loop system, making it unsuitable for circulating working fluids such as helium and argon. Furthermore, in existing technologies, the irreversibility of power supply and energy storage processes due to various system loss factors leads to increased system entropy and the generation of excess heat. This excess heat is discharged from the system as waste heat, thereby reducing the system's cycle efficiency. Simultaneously, existing technologies do not consider the cascade utilization of energy, resulting in low thermal energy utilization efficiency. Therefore, existing technologies cannot meet the varying seasonal demands of energy storage sites and local residents for combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP). Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention is based on the inventor's discoveries and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0004] The inventors of this invention discovered and recognized through research that, in the related technologies, single-tank energy storage cannot be used in the energy storage cycle mode, otherwise the heat and cold energy cannot be fully stored. It is necessary to use dual-tank energy storage, but this leads to system complexity and high cost. In the power supply cycle mode, in order to maintain the temperature difference and energy conversion efficiency between the second heat storage body, which is a high-temperature heat source, and the first heat storage body, which is a low-temperature heat source, the temperature of the second heat storage body needs to be increased. Furthermore, the system is an open cycle and cannot be used for circulating working fluids such as helium and argon.

[0005] Document CN201810180017.8 discloses a heat pump-type alternating energy storage and power supply method and device, including an energy storage heating mode and a power supply heating mode. Its characteristic is that it achieves energy storage and power supply by alternating energy storage and release through two sets of heat storage systems in energy storage heating and power supply heating modes respectively. In the energy storage heating mode, the working medium at room temperature absorbs heat isobarically through the first heat storage system, undergoes adiabatic compression by the compressor, releases heat isobarically through the second heat storage system, then enters the turbine for adiabatic expansion to perform work, and finally supplies and releases heat to the outside as a heating source. The device consists of an air inlet device, a first heat exchanger, a first heat storage system, a compressor, a second heat exchanger, a second heat storage system, a turbine, and an air outlet device connected in series along the direction of the working gas. The other mode is a heating and power supply mode. After the working medium at room temperature is adiabatically compressed by the compressor, it absorbs heat at the same pressure through the second heat storage system, then enters the turbine for adiabatic expansion to do work, and then releases heat at the same pressure through the first heat storage system. Finally, it is released to the outside as a heating source; the net output power in this process is used to supply electricity.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention solves the problems of wind and solar power curtailment and peak shaving and valley filling in photovoltaic and wind power generation through a heat pump-type alternating energy storage and power supply method and device. It provides heating while storing and supplying energy, and recovers the waste heat of the exhaust gas into another heat storage system, thereby improving the heat-to-work conversion efficiency.

[0007] However, in document CN201810180017.8, the cycle mode for energy storage (electricity storage) using a working medium at room temperature is: compression - heat release (through the second heat storage body) - expansion to do work - heating - heat absorption (through the first heat storage body); the cycle mode for power supply is: compression - heat absorption (through the second heat storage body) - expansion to do work - heat release (through the first heat storage body) - heating. In the energy storage cycle mode, a single-tank energy storage system cannot fully store both heat and cold; a dual-tank system can fully store both. In the power supply cycle mode, to maintain the temperature difference and energy conversion efficiency between the second heat storage body (a high-temperature heat source) and the first heat storage body (a low-temperature heat source), the temperature of the second heat storage body needs to be increased. The system is an open cycle and is not suitable when the working medium is a gas such as helium or argon.

[0008] Furthermore, in reference CN201810180017.8, the irreversibility of the discharge (energy release) and charging (energy storage) processes due to various loss factors in the system leads to an increase in system entropy and the generation of excess heat. This excess heat will be discharged from the system as waste heat, thereby reducing the system's cycle efficiency. Reference CN201810180017.8 does not consider the cascade utilization of energy, resulting in low thermal energy utilization efficiency. Reference CN201810180017.8 cannot meet the different needs of energy storage stations and local residents for combined cooling, heating and power in different seasons.

[0009] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0010] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system with heat pump energy storage. The CCHP system includes a heat pump energy storage system, a thermal storage system, a refrigeration system, a heating system, and a cooling water system. The thermal storage system is connected to both the refrigeration system and the heating system, and the cooling water system is connected to both the refrigeration system and the heating system. The heat pump energy storage system includes: a compressor; a turbine and a first generator connected to the turbine; and a first reversing valve having first to fourth valve ports. The first valve port is connected to the outlet of the compressor, and the third valve port of the first reversing valve is connected to the inlet of the turbine; a molten salt tank, the molten salt tank having a first molten salt port and a second molten salt port; an antifreeze tank, the antifreeze tank having a first antifreeze port and a second antifreeze port; a molten salt heat exchanger, the molten salt heat exchanger having a first to a fourth molten salt heat exchanger port, the first molten salt heat exchanger port being connected to the first molten salt port, the second molten salt heat exchanger port being connected to the second molten salt port, and the third molten salt heat exchanger port being connected to the second valve port of the first reversing valve; An intermediate heat exchanger has first to fourth intermediate heat exchanger ports. The first intermediate heat exchanger port is connected to the fourth valve port of the first reversing valve, and the second intermediate heat exchanger port is connected to the fourth molten salt heat exchanger port of the molten salt heat exchanger. The third intermediate heat exchanger port is connected to the thermal storage back-pressure power generation system via a first valve. A second reversing valve has first to fourth valve ports. The first valve port of the second reversing valve is connected to the turbine outlet, and the second valve port of the second reversing valve is connected to the fourth intermediate heat exchanger port. The third port of the second reversing valve is connected to the inlet of the compressor; the antifreeze heat exchanger has a first to a fourth antifreeze heat exchanger port, the first antifreeze heat exchanger port is connected to the heat storage system through a second valve, the second antifreeze heat exchanger port is connected to the fourth port of the second reversing valve, the third antifreeze heat exchanger port is connected to the first antifreeze port, the fourth antifreeze heat exchanger port is connected to the second antifreeze port, and the third intermediate heat exchanger port is connected to the first antifreeze heat exchanger port through a third valve.

[0011] The combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system based on heat pump energy storage according to embodiments of the present invention utilizes a heat pump energy storage system, a thermal storage system, a refrigeration system, a heating system, and a cooling water system to achieve waste heat utilization, thereby improving the efficiency of the combined cooling, heating, and power system. The present invention employs single-tank molten salt thermal storage and single-tank antifreeze cold storage, utilizes an intermediate heat exchanger to reduce the pressure ratio, and combines the refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system to achieve cascaded utilization of waste heat energy.

[0012] This invention significantly improves system cycle efficiency, energy storage density, system safety, and economy, enabling clean and low-carbon closed-loop combined cycle energy storage for power generation, heating, and cooling, while meeting the varying heating and cooling needs of local power plants and residents at different times of the year. This invention is widely applicable to renewable energy storage such as wind and solar power, off-peak electricity utilization, and clean heating and cooling. Addressing the instability and intermittency of renewable energy, this invention can mitigate the instability of wind or solar power generation, achieving stable renewable energy output and balancing power supply and demand. It enables large-scale energy storage, leveraging the peak-shaving advantages of energy storage to respond to renewable energy storage and power supply demands. Simultaneously, it provides free heating and cooling, greatly improving the efficiency of energy storage power stations while ensuring the operational needs of the power station, the living needs of staff and local residents, and meeting users' flexible heating and cooling supply requirements.

[0013] In some embodiments, the molten salt tank is provided with an upper molten salt distributor adjacent to the first molten salt port and a lower molten salt distributor adjacent to the second molten salt port; the antifreeze tank is provided with an upper antifreeze distributor adjacent to the first antifreeze port and a lower antifreeze distributor adjacent to the second antifreeze port; the first molten salt port is connected to the first molten salt heat exchanger port via a high-temperature molten salt pump, the second molten salt port is connected to the second molten salt heat exchanger port via a low-temperature molten salt pump, the first antifreeze port is connected to the third antifreeze heat exchanger port via a first antifreeze pump, and the second antifreeze port is connected to the fourth antifreeze heat exchanger port via a second antifreeze pump.

[0014] In some embodiments, the heat storage system includes: a first waste heat exchanger having a first to a fourth waste heat port, a second waste heat port being connected to a third intermediate heat exchanger port via a first valve, and the third waste heat port being connected to a first antifreeze heat exchanger port via a second valve; and a hot water storage tank having a first to a fourth water tank port, the second water tank port being connected to the first waste heat port, and the fourth water tank port being connected to the fourth waste heat port via a hot water storage pump.

[0015] In some embodiments, the refrigeration system includes: a generator having first to fifth generator ports, a third generator port being connected to a first water tank port via a fourth valve, and the third and fourth generator ports being connected internally within the generator via a pipe; an absorber having first to fifth absorber ports, the first absorber port being connected to the fifth generator port via a first throttling valve, the third and fourth absorber ports being connected internally within the absorber via a pipe, and the fifth absorber port being connected to a second generator port; and a condenser having first to fourth condenser ports, the first condenser port being connected to the first generator port, and the second and third condenser ports being connected internally within the condenser via a pipe. The system comprises: a radiator with a first and a second air-cooling port, the first air-cooling port being connected to the second condenser port; an evaporator with a first and a fourth evaporator port, the first evaporator port being connected to the fourth condenser port via a second throttling valve, the second evaporator port being connected to the second absorber port, and the third and fourth evaporator ports being connected internally within the evaporator via pipes; a refrigerant tank with a first and a fourth refrigerant port, the second refrigerant port being connected to the third evaporator port, and the fourth refrigerant port being connected to the fourth evaporator port; and a first energy-consuming device with a first to a sixth energy-consuming interface, the fourth energy-consuming interface being connected to the first refrigerant port, and the sixth energy-consuming interface being connected to the third refrigerant port.

[0016] In some embodiments, the heating system includes: a second waste heat exchanger having a fifth to an eighth waste heat port; the fifth waste heat port being connected to the third water tank port; the sixth waste heat port being connected to the fourth generator port via a thirteenth valve; the seventh waste heat port being connected to the second energy consumption interface via a fifth valve; the seventh waste heat port being connected to the third energy consumption interface via a sixth valve; the eighth waste heat port being connected to the first energy consumption interface via a seventh valve; and the eighth waste heat port being connected to the fifth energy consumption interface via an eighth valve; the seventh waste heat port being connected to the first air-cooling port via a ninth valve; and the eighth waste heat port being connected to the second air-cooling port via a tenth valve.

[0017] In some embodiments, the cooling water system includes: a second energy-consuming device having a seventh to an eighth energy-consuming interface, the seventh energy-consuming interface being connected to a first air-cooling port via an eleventh valve, the eighth energy-consuming interface being connected to a second condenser port via a twelfth valve, and a cooling water pump for connecting the second air-cooling port and the third absorber port, and also for connecting the second air-cooling port and the eighth waste heat port.

[0018] In some embodiments, during the energy storage phase, only the heat pump energy storage system is turned on, while the heat storage system, refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system are all turned off. The first and second valves are closed, and the third valve is turned on. During the power generation phase, the heat pump energy storage system and the heat storage system are turned on, while the refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system are all turned off. The first and second valves are turned on, and the third valve is turned off.

[0019] In some embodiments, during the cooling-only phase, the heat pump energy storage system, the thermal storage system, the cooling system, and the cooling water system are all turned on, the heating system is turned off, and valves eight, six, five, seven, eleven, and twelfth are closed.

[0020] In some embodiments, during the heating-only phase, the heat pump energy storage system, the thermal storage system, and the heating system are all turned on, while the refrigeration system and the cooling water system are all turned off, and the fourth, thirteenth, ninth, and tenth valves are closed.

[0021] In some embodiments, during the combined cooling and heating phase, the heat pump energy storage system, the thermal storage system, the refrigeration system, the heating system, and the cooling water system are all activated. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a combined cooling, heating and power system with heat pump energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the thermal storage system, refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system.

[0024] Figure label:

[0025] 1. Electric motor; 2. Compressor; 3. First reversing valve; 4. First valve port 301 of the first reversing valve; 5. Second valve port 402 of the first reversing valve; 6. Third valve port 803 of the first reversing valve; 7. Fourth valve port 804 of the second reversing valve; 8. First valve port 81 of the second reversing valve; 8. Second valve port 82 of the second reversing valve; 8. Third valve port 83 of the second reversing valve; 9. Fourth valve port 804 of the second reversing valve; 10. Molten salt heat exchanger; 10. First molten salt heat exchanger port 401; 8. Second molten salt heat exchanger port 402; 8. Third molten salt heat exchanger port 403; 8. Fourth molten salt heat exchanger port 404 of the first molten salt heat exchanger; 10. Intermediate heat exchanger; 5. First intermediate heat exchanger port 501; 8. Second intermediate heat exchanger port 502; 8. Third intermediate heat exchanger port 403; 8. Fourth intermediate heat exchanger port 404 of the second molten salt heat exchanger; 11. Intermediate heat exchanger port 501; 8. Second intermediate heat exchanger port 502; 8. Third intermediate heat exchanger port 503; 8. Fourth intermediate heat exchanger port 504 of the second molten salt heat exchanger; 12. Turbine; 13. First generator; 14. Second reversing valve; 15. Second reversing valve port 804; 16. First reversing valve port 801; 8. Second reversing valve port 82; 8. Third valve port 83 of the second reversing valve; 8. Fourth valve port 804 of the second reversing valve; 17. First generator; 18 Port 84, Antifreeze heat exchanger 9, First antifreeze heat exchanger port 91, Second antifreeze heat exchanger port 92, Third antifreeze heat exchanger port 93, Fourth antifreeze heat exchanger port 94, Molten salt tank 10, First molten salt port 101, Second molten salt port 102, Molten salt lower distributor 12, Low-temperature molten salt pump 13, Molten salt upper distributor 14, High-temperature molten salt pump 15, Antifreeze tank 16, First antifreeze port 161, Second antifreeze port 162, Antifreeze upper distributor 18, First antifreeze pump 19, Antifreeze lower distributor 20, Second antifreeze pump 21, Third valve 22, First valve 23, Second valve 24, First waste heat heat exchanger 25, First waste heat port 251, Second waste heat port 252, Third waste heat port 253, Fourth waste heat port 254 Hot water storage tank 26, first water tank inlet 261, second water tank inlet 262, third water tank inlet 263, fourth water tank inlet 264, second waste heat exchanger 28, fifth waste heat outlet 281, sixth waste heat outlet 282, seventh waste heat outlet 283, eighth waste heat outlet 284, generator 32, first generator outlet 321, second generator outlet 322, third generator outlet 323, fourth generator outlet 324, fifth generator outlet 325, absorber 34, first absorber outlet 341, second absorber outlet 342, third absorber outlet 343, fourth absorber outlet 344, fifth absorber outlet 345, condenser 36, first condenser outlet 361, second condenser outlet 362, third condenser outlet 363, fourth condenser outlet 364, steam... Evaporator 38, First evaporator port 381, Second evaporator port 382, ​​Third evaporator port 383, Fourth evaporator port 384, Refrigerant water tank 39, First refrigerant port 391, Second refrigerant port 392, Third refrigerant port 393, Fourth refrigerant port 394, Refrigerant water pump 40, Air-cooled radiator 41, First air-cooled port 411, Second air-cooled port 412, Cooling water pump 42, First energy-consuming device 45, Second energy-consuming device 4501, First energy-consuming interface 451, Second energy-consuming interface 452, Third energy-consuming interface 453, Fourth energy-consuming interface 454, Fifth energy-consuming interface 455, Sixth energy-consuming interface 456, Seventh energy-consuming interface 457, Eighth energy-consuming interface 458, Heating water pump 46, Hot water pump 48, First throttling valve 33Dilute solution pump 35, second throttle valve 37, fourth valve 30, fifth valve 44, sixth valve 50, seventh valve 47, eighth valve 49, ninth valve 52, tenth valve 51, eleventh valve 54, twelfth valve 55, thirteenth valve 56, fourteenth valve 57, fifteenth valve 53. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the combined cooling, heating and power system of the heat pump energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heat pump energy storage system, a heat storage system, a refrigeration system, a heating system and a cooling water system. The heat storage system is connected to the refrigeration system and the heating system respectively, and the cooling water system is connected to the refrigeration system and the heating system respectively.

[0028] The heat pump energy storage system includes a compressor 2, a turbine 6, a first generator 7, a first reversing valve 3, a molten salt tank 10, an antifreeze tank 16, a molten salt heat exchanger 4, an intermediate heat exchanger 5, a second reversing valve 8, and an antifreeze heat exchanger 9.

[0029] The first reversing valve 3 has a first to a fourth valve port. The first valve port 301 of the first reversing valve is connected to the outlet of the compressor 2, and the third valve port 303 of the first reversing valve is connected to the inlet of the turbine 6.

[0030] The molten salt tank 10 has a first molten salt inlet 101 and a second molten salt inlet 102, and the antifreeze tank 16 has a first antifreeze inlet 161 and a second antifreeze inlet 162.

[0031] The molten salt heat exchanger 4 has a first to a fourth molten salt heat exchanger port. The first molten salt heat exchanger port 401 is connected to the first molten salt port 101, the second molten salt heat exchanger port 402 is connected to the second molten salt port 102, and the third molten salt heat exchanger port 403 is connected to the second valve port 302 of the first reversing valve.

[0032] The intermediate heat exchanger 5 has a first to a fourth intermediate heat exchanger port. The first intermediate heat exchanger port 501 is connected to the fourth valve port 304 of the first reversing valve. The second intermediate heat exchanger port 502 is connected to the fourth molten salt heat exchanger port 404 of the molten salt heat exchanger 4. The third intermediate heat exchanger port 503 is connected to the heat storage system through the first valve 23.

[0033] The second reversing valve 8 has a first to a fourth valve port. The first valve port 81 of the second reversing valve is connected to the outlet of the turbine 6, the second valve port 82 of the second reversing valve is connected to the fourth intermediate heat exchanger port 504, and the third valve port 83 of the second reversing valve is connected to the inlet of the compressor 2.

[0034] The antifreeze heat exchanger 9 has a first to a fourth antifreeze heat exchanger port. The first antifreeze heat exchanger port 91 is connected to the heat storage system through the second valve 24. The second antifreeze heat exchanger port 92 is connected to the fourth valve port 84 of the second reversing valve. The third antifreeze heat exchanger port 93 is connected to the first antifreeze port 161. The fourth antifreeze heat exchanger port 94 is connected to the second antifreeze port 162. The third intermediate heat exchanger port 503 is connected to the first antifreeze heat exchanger port 91 through the third valve 22.

[0035] The molten salt tank 10 is provided with an upper molten salt distributor 14 adjacent to the first molten salt port 101 and a lower molten salt distributor 12 adjacent to the second molten salt port 102. The antifreeze tank 16 is provided with an upper antifreeze distributor 18 adjacent to the first antifreeze port 161 and a lower antifreeze distributor 20 adjacent to the second antifreeze port 162.

[0036] The first molten salt port 101 is connected to the first molten salt heat exchanger port 401 via the high-temperature molten salt pump 15. The second molten salt port 102 is connected to the second molten salt heat exchanger port 402 via the low-temperature molten salt pump 13. The first antifreeze port 161 is connected to the third antifreeze heat exchanger port 93 via the first antifreeze pump 19. The second antifreeze port 162 is connected to the fourth antifreeze heat exchanger port 94 via the second antifreeze pump 21.

[0037] The heat storage system includes a first waste heat exchanger 25 and a hot water storage tank 26.

[0038] The first waste heat exchanger 25 has a first to a fourth waste heat port, the second waste heat port 252 is connected to the third intermediate heat exchanger port 503 through the first valve 23, and the third waste heat port 253 is connected to the first antifreeze heat exchanger port 91 through the second valve 24.

[0039] The hot water storage tank 26 has a first to a fourth water tank opening. The second water tank opening 262 is connected to the first waste heat port 251, and the fourth water tank opening 264 is connected to the fourth waste heat port 254 through the hot water storage pump 27.

[0040] The refrigeration system includes a generator 32, an absorber 34, a condenser 36, an air-cooled radiator 41, an evaporator 38, a chilled water tank 39, and a first energy-consuming device 45.

[0041] The generator 32 has a first to a fifth generator port. The third generator port 323 is connected to the first water tank port 261 through the fourth valve 30. The third generator port 323 and the fourth generator port 324 are connected inside the generator 32 by a pipe.

[0042] The absorber 34 has a first to a fifth absorber port. The first absorber port 341 is connected to the fifth generator port 325 through a first throttle valve 33. The third absorber port 343 and the fourth absorber port 344 are connected inside the absorber 34 through a pipe. The fifth absorber port 345 is connected to the second generator port 322.

[0043] The condenser 36 has a first to a fourth condenser port. The first condenser port 361 is connected to the first generator port 321. The second condenser port 362 and the third condenser port 363 are connected inside the condenser 36 by pipes.

[0044] The air-cooled radiator 41 has a first and a second air-cooling port, with the first air-cooling port 411 connected to the second condenser port 362.

[0045] Evaporator 38 has a first to a fourth evaporator port. The first evaporator port 381 is connected to the fourth condenser port 364 through a second throttling valve 37. The second evaporator port 382 is connected to the second absorber port 342. The third evaporator port 383 and the fourth evaporator port 384 are connected inside the evaporator 38 by pipes.

[0046] The refrigerant tank 39 has a first to a fourth refrigerant port, the second refrigerant port 392 is connected to the third evaporator port 383, and the fourth refrigerant port 394 is connected to the fourth evaporator port 384.

[0047] The first energy-consuming device 45 has a first to a sixth energy-consuming interface, the fourth energy-consuming interface 454 is connected to the first refrigerant port 391, and the sixth energy-consuming interface 456 is connected to the third refrigerant port 393.

[0048] The heating system includes a second waste heat exchanger 28, which has fifth to eighth waste heat inlets. The fifth waste heat inlet 281 is connected to the third water tank inlet 263. The sixth waste heat inlet 282 is connected to the fourth generator inlet 324 via the thirteenth valve 56. The seventh waste heat inlet 283 is connected to the second energy consumption interface 452 via the fifth valve 44 and the third energy consumption interface 453 via the sixth valve 50. The eighth waste heat inlet 284 is connected to the first energy consumption interface 451 via the seventh valve 47 and the fifth energy consumption interface 455 via the eighth valve 49. The seventh waste heat inlet 283 is connected to the first air-cooling inlet 411 via the ninth valve 52, and the eighth waste heat inlet 284 is connected to the second air-cooling inlet 412 via the tenth valve 51.

[0049] The cooling water system includes a second power-consuming device 4501 and a cooling water pump 42.

[0050] The second energy-consuming device 4501 has a seventh and an eighth energy-consuming interface. The seventh energy-consuming interface 457 is connected to the first air-cooling port 411 through the eleventh valve 54, and the eighth energy-consuming interface 458 is connected to the second condenser port 362 through the twelfth valve 55.

[0051] The cooling water pump 42 is used to connect the second air cooling port 412 and the third absorber port 343. The cooling water pump 42 is also used to connect the second air cooling port 412 and the eighth waste heat port 284.

[0052] During the energy storage phase, only the heat pump energy storage system is activated, while the heat storage system, refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system are all shut down. The first valve 23 and the second valve 24 are closed, and the third valve 22 is activated. During the power generation phase, the heat pump energy storage system and the heat storage system are activated, while the refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system are all shut down. The first valve 23 and the second valve 24 are activated, and the third valve 22 is closed.

[0053] During the cooling-only phase, the heat pump energy storage system, heat storage system, cooling system, and cooling water system are all turned on, while the heating system is turned off, and valves 8 (49), 6 (50), 5 (44), 7 (47), 11 (54), and 12 (55) are closed.

[0054] During the heating-only phase, the heat pump energy storage system, the thermal storage system, and the heating system are all turned on, while the refrigeration system and the cooling water system are all turned off. The fourth valve 30, the thirteenth valve 56, the ninth valve 52, and the tenth valve 51 are closed.

[0055] During the combined cooling and heating phase, the heat pump energy storage system, thermal storage system, refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system are all activated.

[0056] The following is for reference. Figure 1-2 This describes a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system with heat pump energy storage according to some specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For example... Figure 1-2 As shown, the combined cooling, heating and power system with heat pump energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following five subsystems.

[0057] 1. Heat pump energy storage system

[0058] A heat pump energy storage system includes an electric-to-heat / cooling conversion device, a heat / cooling-to-electricity conversion device, and an energy storage device.

[0059] 1.1 Electric-to-heat / cold conversion (device), i.e., the energy storage cycle stage.

[0060] In the energy storage phase of a heat pump energy storage system, the gaseous working fluid undergoes a Brayton reverse cycle. Electrical energy drives the gaseous working fluid to complete the cycle, converting electrical energy into heat and cold energy for storage. The circuit from compressor 2, first reversing valve 3, molten salt heat exchanger 4, intermediate heat exchanger 5, turbine 6, second reversing valve 8, antifreeze heat exchanger 9, third valve 22 (fully open), intermediate heat exchanger 5, and second reversing valve 8 to compressor 2 is activated. The electric motor 1 drives the compressor 2, which converts electrical energy into energy for a high-temperature gaseous working fluid. The high-temperature gaseous working fluid first flows into the molten salt heat exchanger 4 through the first reversing valve 3, where it heats the low-temperature molten salt to become a medium-temperature gaseous working fluid. Then, the medium-temperature gaseous working fluid heats the low-temperature gaseous working fluid at the inlet of the compressor 2 through the intermediate heat exchanger 5. This effectively reduces the compression ratio of the compressor 2 and the expansion ratio of the turbine 6, ensuring the efficiency of the thermal power equipment and reducing its design and manufacturing difficulty. At the same time, it reduces the outlet temperature deviation caused by the decrease in heat exchange efficiency of the heat storage device (molten salt tank) and the cold storage device (antifreeze tank), maintaining the operational stability of the heat pump energy storage system during the energy storage phase.

[0061] The intermediate-temperature gaseous working fluid flows out after passing through the intermediate heat exchanger 5, and then flows to the turbine 6 after passing through the first reversing valve 3. After expanding in the turbine 6, it cools down and becomes a low-temperature gaseous working fluid. The low-temperature gaseous working fluid passes through the second reversing valve 8 and first flows into the antifreeze heat exchanger 9 to cool the antifreeze. Then it flows into the intermediate heat exchanger 5 to be heated, and then flows to the compressor 2 after passing through the second reversing valve 8, completing one energy storage cycle.

[0062] The gaseous working fluid is characterized by low viscosity, high thermal conductivity, and high specific heat capacity. It includes, but is not limited to, air, nitrogen, argon, other inert gases, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, oxygen, or mixtures thereof.

[0063] During the energy storage phase, only the heat pump energy storage system is activated, while the heat storage system, refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system are all shut down. The first valve 23 and the second valve 24 are closed, and the third valve 22 is activated.

[0064] 1.2 Heat / cold to electricity conversion (device) (the same device as the electricity-heat / cold conversion, forming a power generation cycle).

[0065] During the power generation phase, the heat pump energy storage system initiates a power cycle for heat / cold-to-electric conversion, which is the reverse process of electricity-to-heat / cold conversion. The gaseous working fluid undergoes a Brayton cycle. At this time, the work done by turbine 6 is greater than that done by compressor 2, driving the first generator 7 to generate electricity. The heat pump energy storage system outputs power to the outside world for power supply.

[0066] During the power generation phase, the circuit from compressor 2, first reversing valve 3, intermediate heat exchanger 5, molten salt heat exchanger 4, turbine 6, second reversing valve 8, first valve 23 (fully open), first waste heat heat exchanger 25, second valve 24 (fully open), and antifreeze heat exchanger 9 to compressor 2 is opened. When the low-temperature gaseous working fluid is compressed by compressor 2 and enters first reversing valve 3, it first flows through intermediate heat exchanger 5 to become medium-temperature gaseous working fluid. The medium-temperature gaseous working fluid then flows through molten salt heat exchanger 4 and is heated to become high-temperature gaseous working fluid. The high-temperature gaseous working fluid flows into turbine 6, expands, and does work to become medium-temperature gaseous working fluid. The intermediate-temperature gaseous working fluid enters the second reversing valve 8, flows through the intermediate heat exchanger 5 and the compressor 2, heats the low-temperature gaseous working fluid at the outlet of the compressor 2 to make it a medium-low temperature gaseous working fluid, and then flows through the first waste heat exchanger 25 to release heat. The first waste heat exchanger 25 discharges the waste heat caused by the irreversible loss of the system. After that, the gaseous working fluid flows through the antifreeze heat exchanger 9 to be cooled. The cooled low-temperature gaseous working fluid flows through the second reversing valve 8 and then enters the inlet of the compressor 2 to complete one power generation cycle.

[0067] During the power generation phase, the medium-temperature gaseous working fluid, after expanding and performing work through the intermediate heat exchanger 5, heats the low-temperature gaseous working fluid at the outlet of the compressor 2, effectively reducing the compression ratio of the compressor 2 and the expansion ratio of the turbine 6, ensuring the efficiency and reliability of the thermal power equipment, and ensuring the stability of the inlet temperature of the heat storage and cold storage devices; the waste heat of the heat pump energy storage system is recovered through the first waste heat heat exchanger 25. This waste heat is excess heat caused by irreversible losses in the system, thereby closing the cycle during the power generation phase and maintaining the operational stability of the heat pump energy storage system during the power generation phase; it improves the reversibility of the power generation cycle and energy storage cycle of the heat pump energy storage system, significantly improves the cycle efficiency of the heat pump energy storage system, and the overall energy conversion efficiency of the combined cooling, heating and power system of the heat pump energy storage in this invention.

[0068] 1.3 Energy Storage Device

[0069] The energy storage device consists of two highly insulated tanks, including a molten salt tank 10 and an antifreeze tank 16, along with their associated upper and lower distributors and pumps. Thermal energy is stored in the molten salt tank 10 as high-temperature molten salt thermal energy and in the antifreeze tank 16 as low-temperature antifreeze cold energy. Upon completion of energy storage, the molten salt tank 10 is filled from top to bottom with high-temperature molten salt, and the low-temperature molten salt at the bottom is completely drained; similarly, the antifreeze tank 16 is filled from bottom to top with low-temperature antifreeze, and the high-temperature antifreeze at the top is completely drained.

[0070] Antifreeze with a freezing point below 0°C is used as the low-temperature storage medium. The operating temperature range of the antifreeze can be -100°C to 10°C. The antifreeze can be, but is not limited to, methanol aqueous solution, ethanol aqueous solution, ethylene glycol aqueous solution, glycerol aqueous solution, and salt solution (calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite). Low-melting-point salts (nitrates, chlorides) are used as the high-temperature heat storage medium, which reduces the risk of molten salt solidification and the system's requirements for molten salt anti-condensation. The operating temperature of the antifreeze is reasonably designed to reduce the temperature at the high-temperature end of the system while ensuring the system's energy conversion efficiency, thereby reducing the system's demand for expensive high-temperature resistant equipment / materials.

[0071] During the energy storage cycle, the energy storage device operates as follows:

[0072] The low-temperature molten salt pump 13 drives the low-temperature molten salt to flow out from the bottom of the molten salt tank 10 through the molten salt lower distributor 12, and flow through the molten salt heat exchanger 4. The low-temperature molten salt is heated into high-temperature molten salt. The high-temperature molten salt flows into the upper space of the molten salt tank 10 through the molten salt upper distributor 14. Through the molten salt upper distributor 14 and the lower distributor 12, the molten salt inclined temperature layer 11 is effectively isolated from the upper high-temperature molten salt and the lower low-temperature molten salt. When the molten salt tank 10 is full of high-temperature molten salt, the heat storage at the high-temperature end of the system is completed.

[0073] Antifreeze pump 19 drives antifreeze to flow from the upper space of antifreeze tank 16, through antifreeze upper distributor 18, and through antifreeze heat exchanger 9. The high-temperature antifreeze is cooled into low-temperature antifreeze, and after passing through antifreeze lower distributor 20, it flows to the lower space of antifreeze tank 16. Through the design of antifreeze upper distributor 18 and lower distributor 20, the antifreeze inclined temperature layer 17 is ensured to effectively isolate the high-temperature antifreeze in the upper part and the low-temperature antifreeze in the lower part. When antifreeze tank 16 is full of low-temperature antifreeze, the low-temperature end of the system is cooled.

[0074] During the power generation cycle, the energy storage device operates as follows:

[0075] The high-temperature molten salt pump 15 drives the high-temperature molten salt to flow out from the upper part of the molten salt tank 10 through the upper molten salt distributor 14, and then through the molten salt heat exchanger 4. After the high-temperature molten salt heats the gaseous working medium, it becomes low-temperature molten salt. The low-temperature molten salt flows into the lower space of the molten salt tank 10 through the lower molten salt distributor 12. Through the upper molten salt distributor 14 and the lower distributor 12, the molten salt inclined temperature layer 11 is effectively isolated between the upper high-temperature molten salt and the lower low-temperature molten salt. When the molten salt tank 10 is full of low-temperature molten salt, the system power generation process is completed.

[0076] Antifreeze pump 21 drives antifreeze to flow out from the lower antifreeze distributor 20 in the lower space of antifreeze tank 16, and flows through antifreeze heat exchanger 9. The low-temperature antifreeze cools the gaseous working fluid, and after passing through upper antifreeze distributor 18, it flows to the upper space of antifreeze tank 16. Through the design of upper antifreeze distributor 18 and lower distributor 20, the antifreeze inclined temperature layer 17 is ensured to effectively isolate the high-temperature antifreeze in the upper part and the low-temperature antifreeze in the lower part. When antifreeze tank 16 is full of high-temperature antifreeze, the system power generation process is completed.

[0077] At the moment the system discharge is complete, the molten salt tank 10 is filled with low-temperature molten salt from bottom to top, and the high-temperature molten salt in the upper part is completely emptied; the antifreeze tank 16 is filled with high-temperature antifreeze from top to bottom, and the low-temperature antifreeze in the lower part is completely emptied. The next energy storage and power generation cycle begins.

[0078] 2. Heat storage system

[0079] During the power generation phase, the hot water storage tank 26 and the hot water storage pump 27 are turned on, and the low-temperature water in the hot water storage tank 26 is transported to the first waste heat exchanger 25. Therefore, all the medium and low temperature waste heat of the gaseous working fluid in the heat pump power storage system is recovered and used to heat the low-temperature water from the hot water storage tank 26. The low-temperature water is heated to medium temperature and stored in the hot water storage tank 26.

[0080] During the power generation phase, the waste heat of the heat pump energy storage system is recovered through heat exchange and storage. On the one hand, this allows the discharge of low- and medium-temperature waste heat from the heat pump energy storage system, which is excess heat resulting from irreversible system losses. This closes the cycle during the power generation phase, restoring the heat pump energy storage system to its design point and maintaining its operational stability during the power generation phase. This improves the reversibility of the power generation and energy storage cycles of the heat pump energy storage system, significantly increasing the cycle efficiency of the heat pump energy storage system and the overall energy conversion efficiency of the combined cooling, heating, and power system of this invention. On the other hand, the heat storage system enables the utilization of waste heat from the heat pump energy storage system, storing a large amount of hot water as a medium-temperature heat source for the refrigeration and heating systems, thereby improving the efficiency of the combined cooling, heating, and power system of the heat pump energy storage system.

[0081] During the combined cooling and heating phase or during periods when only cooling is required, the hot water storage tank 26 needs to release heat in stages. The heat source water in the hot water storage tank 26 flows through the fourth valve and the generator 32, where it releases medium-temperature waste heat. After flowing through the thirteenth valve 56 and the second waste heat exchanger 28 to release low-temperature waste heat, it becomes low-temperature water and returns to the hot water storage tank 26 after passing through the waste hot water pump 29.

[0082] During the heating-only phase, the hot water storage tank 26 releases heat. The heat source water in the hot water storage tank 26 flows through the fourteenth valve 57 and the second waste heat exchanger 28 to release medium and low temperature waste heat. The low temperature water returns to the hot water storage tank 26 after passing through the waste hot water pump 29.

[0083] During the energy storage phase, the first valve 23 and the second valve 24 are closed, and the third valve 22 is opened.

[0084] 3. Refrigeration system

[0085] During the combined cooling and heating phase, the refrigeration and heating systems start simultaneously. The refrigeration system operates as follows: heat source water from the hot water storage tank 26 provides heat in the generator 32. The dilute solution inside the generator 32 absorbs heat and is concentrated. Water vapor separated from the upper layer of the generator 32 flows into the condenser 36, where it is condensed by cooling water from the air-cooled radiator 41 to form refrigerant water. The refrigerant water is depressurized after passing through the second throttling valve 37 and flows into the evaporator 38, where it absorbs heat from the refrigerant water and evaporates. The concentrated solution at the bottom of the generator 32 flows into the absorber 34 through the first throttling valve 33. Water vapor from the upper layer of the evaporator 38 also flows into the absorber 34, mixing with the concentrated solution from the first throttling valve 33 to form a dilute solution in the absorber 34. The dilute solution in the absorber 34 is pressurized after flowing through the dilute solution pump 35 and then flows into the generator 32, completing one absorption refrigeration cycle.

[0086] In the evaporator 38, the refrigerant water is cooled and then flows into the refrigerant water tank 39 for storage. The refrigerant water in the refrigerant water tank 39 is transported to the fan coil unit 43 by the refrigerant water pump 40 to provide cooling for the primary energy-consuming devices 45 such as energy storage stations, factories, machine rooms and residential buildings.

[0087] During periods when only cooling is needed, the refrigeration system starts up independently, while the heating system is shut down (valve 849, valve 650, valve 54, valve 77, valve 11, and valve 12 are closed). The refrigeration system operates as follows: heat source water from the hot water storage tank 26 provides heat in the generator 32. The dilute solution inside the generator 32 absorbs heat and is concentrated. Water vapor separated from the upper layer of the generator 32 flows into the condenser 36. The water vapor is condensed in the condenser 36 by the cooling water from the air-cooled radiator 41 to form refrigerant water. The refrigerant water is depressurized after passing through the second throttling valve 37 and flows into the evaporator 38. The refrigerant water absorbs heat from the refrigerant water in the evaporator 38 and evaporates. The concentrated solution at the lower layer of the generator 32 flows into the absorber 34 through the first throttling valve 33. Water vapor from the upper layer of the evaporator 38 also flows into the absorber 34 and mixes with the concentrated solution from the first throttling valve 33 to form a dilute solution in the absorber 34. The dilute solution in the absorber 34 is pressurized after flowing through the dilute solution pump 35 and flows into the generator 32, completing one absorption refrigeration cycle.

[0088] In the evaporator 38, the refrigerant water is cooled and then flows into the refrigerant water tank 39 for storage. The refrigerant water in the refrigerant water tank 39 is transported to the fan coil unit 43 by the refrigerant water pump 40 to provide cooling for the primary energy-consuming devices 45 such as energy storage stations, factories, machine rooms and residential buildings.

[0089] During periods when only heating is needed, the refrigeration system and cooling water system are shut down, and valves 4 (30), 13 (56), 9 (52), and 10 (51) are closed.

[0090] 4. Heating system

[0091] During the combined cooling and heating phase, the heating system operates as follows: Heat source water in the hot water storage tank 26 flows through the fourth valve 30, generator 32, thirteenth valve 56, and the second waste heat exchanger 28. The second waste heat exchanger 28 provides a low-temperature heat source for the heating system, supplying heating and hot water to the first energy-consuming device 45. The heating water return flows from the first energy-consuming device 45, passes through the heating water pump 46 and the seventh valve 47, recovers low-temperature waste heat in the second waste heat exchanger 28, and then flows back into the first energy-consuming device 45 after passing through valve 44. The hot water return comes from the first energy-consuming device 45. After being heated by the hot water pump 48, the heating water return then passes through the eighth valve 49 and enters the second waste heat exchanger 28 for heat exchange. After recovering low-temperature waste heat in the second waste heat exchanger 28, it flows back into the first energy-consuming device 45 after passing through the sixth valve 50, where it is used to heat the domestic hot water in the first energy-consuming device 45.

[0092] Furthermore, the end of the medium- and low-temperature cooling water flows through the second energy-consuming device 4501. At this time, the eleventh valve 54 and the twelfth valve 55 are opened, allowing the medium- and low-temperature cooling water to dissipate heat and provide warmth to the second energy-consuming device 4501. Afterward, it flows into the air-cooled radiator 41 to generate low-temperature cooling water again. The cooling water heating not only reduces the heat dissipation of the air-cooled radiator 41, saving radiator power, but also provides more free heat to the second energy-consuming device 4501, improving the overall efficiency of the heat pump energy storage combined cooling, heating, and power system.

[0093] During the heating-only phase, the heating system operates as follows: Heat source water in the hot water storage tank 26 flows through the fourteenth valve 57 and the second waste heat exchanger 28. The second waste heat exchanger 28 provides a heat source for the heating system, supplying heating and hot water to the first energy-consuming device 45. The heating water return flows from the first energy-consuming device 45, passes through the heating water pump 46 and the seventh valve 47, and then recovers waste heat in the second waste heat exchanger 28. The return water then flows back into the first energy-consuming device 45 after passing through the fifth valve 44. The hot water return comes from the first energy-consuming device 45. After being heated by the hot water pump 48, the hot water enters the second waste heat exchanger 28 through the eighth valve 49 for heat exchange. After recovering waste heat in the second waste heat exchanger 28, it flows back into the first energy-consuming device 45 through the sixth valve 50 to heat the domestic hot water in the first energy-consuming device 45. The cooling water system is then shut off.

[0094] During the cooling-only phase, the heating system and cooling water system are shut down, and valves 8 (49), 6 (50), 5 (44), 7 (47), 11 (54), and 12 (55) are closed.

[0095] 5. Cooling water system

[0096] During the combined cooling and heating phase, the cooling water circuit operates as follows: cooling water from the air-cooled radiator 41 flows through the cooling water pump 42 and then into the absorber 34 to absorb the heat released during the solution dilution process; it then flows into the condenser 36 to absorb the heat released during the condensation of water vapor into refrigerant water; finally, after passing through the twelfth valve 55 and the eleventh valve 54, the medium- and low-temperature cooling water dissipates heat and provides heating to the second energy-consuming device 4501, and then flows into the air-cooled radiator 41 to generate low-temperature cooling water.

[0097] During the cooling-only phase, the cooling water circuit operates as follows: Cooling water from the air-cooled radiator 41 flows through the cooling water pump 42 and first enters the absorber 34 to absorb the heat released during solution dilution; then it flows into the condenser 36 to absorb the heat released during the condensation of water vapor into refrigerant water; finally, it passes through the fifteenth valve 53, and the medium-low temperature cooling water flows directly into the air-cooled radiator 41 to generate low-temperature cooling water. After the cooling water from the air-cooled radiator 41 flows through the cooling water pump 42, part of the cooling water flows through the tenth valve 51 into the second waste heat exchanger 28, and then flows back to the air-cooled radiator 41 through the ninth valve 52 to generate low-temperature cooling water again.

[0098] During the heating-only phase, the cooling water system is shut off.

[0099] The combined cooling, heating and power system with heat pump energy storage according to embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects.

[0100] 1. During the energy storage phase, the gaseous working fluid of the heat pump energy storage system undergoes a reverse Brayton cycle, absorbing heat from the antifreeze and releasing heat to the molten salt. The design of the molten salt thermocline energy storage device ensures that the upper high-temperature molten salt and the lower low-temperature molten salt are effectively isolated. Once the molten salt tank 10 is full of high-temperature molten salt, the high-temperature end of the system's heat storage is complete. Similarly, the design of the antifreeze thermocline energy storage device ensures that the upper high-temperature antifreeze and the lower low-temperature antifreeze are effectively isolated. Once the antifreeze tank 16 is full of low-temperature antifreeze, the low-temperature end of the system's cooling is complete.

[0101] 2. During the power generation phase, the gaseous working fluid of the heat pump energy storage system undergoes a Brayton cycle, absorbing heat from the molten salt and releasing heat to the antifreeze. Through the molten salt thermocline energy storage device and the antifreeze thermocline energy storage device, the temperature at both the high-temperature and low-temperature ends of the heat pump energy storage system is maintained constant during both the energy storage and power generation phases; this reduces the mixing of high / low temperature energy storage media and the thickening of the thermocline during operation; and enables heat / cold storage to be completed within a single tank, increasing energy storage density and reducing costs.

[0102] 3. This invention is composed of a heat pump energy storage system, a thermal storage system, a refrigeration system, a heating system, and a cooling water system. It can provide users with combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) and support various operating modes (independent or combined operation, such as CCHP, separate energy storage, separate power generation, separate thermal storage, separate heating, and separate cooling). Therefore, it can provide electricity, cooling, and heating at any time according to different user needs.

[0103] 4. By absorbing and storing waste heat from the heat pump energy storage system through a heat storage system, and then utilizing this waste heat for the refrigeration and heating systems, the system efficiently recovers and utilizes the low- and medium-temperature waste heat generated during the circulation process of the heat pump energy storage system. This waste heat utilization design achieves the following three effects: First, it allows the discharge of low- and medium-temperature waste heat from the heat pump energy storage system. This waste heat is excess heat resulting from irreversible losses in the heat pump energy storage system, thereby closing the heat pump energy storage cycle and restoring the system to its design point, thus maintaining the stability and safety of the heat pump energy storage system's operation. Second, it improves the reversibility of the power generation and energy storage cycles of the heat pump energy storage system, significantly improving the cycle efficiency of the heat pump energy storage system and the overall energy conversion efficiency of the system. Third, it realizes the utilization of waste heat from the heat pump energy storage system, storing a large amount of hot water as a medium-temperature heat source for the refrigeration and heating systems, which is used for heating and cooling, thereby greatly improving the efficiency and economy of the entire combined cooling, heating, and power system.

[0104] 5. In the heat pump energy storage system, low-temperature waste heat is released in stages through the refrigeration and heating systems, realizing the cascade utilization of energy and further improving the efficiency of the combined cooling, heating and power system.

[0105] 6. The return water terminal of the cooling water is used for heating, which reduces the heat dissipation of the air-cooled radiator, saves radiator power, and provides more free heating for the building, thus improving the overall efficiency of the system.

[0106] 7. In this invention, all working fluids operate in a closed-loop cycle during the energy storage, power generation, cooling, and heating stages, with no emissions or pollution, achieving clean, low-carbon, high-efficiency, and energy-saving energy storage and combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP).

[0107] 8. The heat pump energy storage system adopts a main device consisting of a compressor, heat exchanger, reversing valve, regenerator and turbine. Through the design of the first and second reversing valves, the same device can complete the reversible electric-heat / cold conversion cycle and the heat / cold-electric conversion cycle, simplifying the system structure.

[0108] 9. During the energy storage phase, the intermediate-temperature gaseous working fluid at the outlet of the thermal storage device is used to heat the low-temperature gaseous working fluid at the compressor inlet via an intermediate heat exchanger. During the power generation phase, the high-temperature gaseous working fluid at the turbine outlet is used to heat the low-temperature gaseous working fluid at the compressor outlet. This design reduces the compressor compression ratio and turbine expansion ratio, ensuring the efficiency of thermal equipment and reducing its design and manufacturing difficulty. During the energy storage phase, it reduces the outlet temperature deviation caused by the decrease in heat exchange efficiency of the thermal and cold storage devices. During the power generation phase, it ensures the stability of the inlet temperature of the thermal and cold storage devices, thereby maintaining the stability of system operation.

[0109] 10. The present invention adopts a low compression ratio design, which enables the system to ensure cycle efficiency without extreme high or low temperatures; it reduces the temperature at the high-temperature end of the system, reduces the system's need for high-temperature resistant equipment / materials, and reduces system costs.

[0110] 11. This invention provides an energy storage power generation method that is universally applicable to peak shaving of thermal power, smoothing the instability of renewable energy power generation such as wind power or photovoltaic power generation, peak shifting and valley filling, alleviating the problem of wind and solar curtailment, and combined cooling, heating and power supply.

[0111] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0112] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0113] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0114] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0115] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0116] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined cooling, heating, and power system with heat pump energy storage, characterized in that, The system includes a heat pump energy storage system, a thermal storage system, a refrigeration system, a heating system, and a cooling water system. The thermal storage system is connected to both the refrigeration system and the heating system. The cooling water system is connected to both the refrigeration system and the heating system. The heat pump energy storage system includes: compressor; A turbine and a first generator connected to the turbine; A first reversing valve has a first to a fourth valve port, the first valve port of the first reversing valve being connected to the outlet of the compressor, and the third valve port of the first reversing valve being connected to the inlet of the turbine. A molten salt vessel, the molten salt vessel having a first molten salt inlet and a second molten salt inlet; An antifreeze tank, the antifreeze tank having a first antifreeze inlet and a second antifreeze inlet; A molten salt heat exchanger having a first to a fourth molten salt heat exchanger port, the first molten salt heat exchanger port being connected to a first molten salt port, the second molten salt heat exchanger port being connected to a second molten salt port, and the third molten salt heat exchanger port being connected to a second valve port of the first reversing valve. An intermediate heat exchanger has first to fourth intermediate heat exchanger ports. The first intermediate heat exchanger port is connected to the fourth port of the first reversing valve, the second intermediate heat exchanger port is connected to the fourth molten salt heat exchanger port of the molten salt heat exchanger, and the third intermediate heat exchanger port is connected to the heat storage system via a first valve. A second reversing valve has first to fourth valve ports. The first valve port of the second reversing valve is connected to the outlet of the turbine, the second valve port of the second reversing valve is connected to the fourth intermediate heat exchanger port, and the third valve port of the second reversing valve is connected to the inlet of the compressor. An antifreeze heat exchanger has a first to a fourth antifreeze heat exchanger port. The first antifreeze heat exchanger port is connected to the heat storage system through a second valve. The second antifreeze heat exchanger port is connected to the fourth valve port of the second reversing valve. The third antifreeze heat exchanger port is connected to the first antifreeze port. The fourth antifreeze heat exchanger port is connected to the second antifreeze port. The third intermediate heat exchanger port is connected to the first antifreeze heat exchanger port through a third valve. The heat storage system includes: The first waste heat exchanger has a first to a fourth waste heat port, the second waste heat port is connected to the third intermediate heat exchanger port through the first valve, and the third waste heat port is connected to the first antifreeze heat exchanger port through the second valve. A hot water storage tank, wherein the hot water storage tank has a first to a fourth water tank opening, the second water tank opening is connected to the first waste heat port, and the fourth water tank opening is connected to the fourth waste heat port through a hot water storage pump; The refrigeration system includes: A generator having a first to a fifth generator port, the third generator port being connected to a first water tank port via a fourth valve, and the third generator port and the fourth generator port being connected inside the generator via a pipe; An absorber having a first to a fifth absorber port, the first absorber port being connected to the fifth generator port via a first throttling valve, the third absorber port and the fourth absorber port being connected inside the absorber via pipes, and the fifth absorber port being connected to the second generator port; A condenser having a first to a fourth condenser port, the first condenser port being connected to a first generator port, and the second condenser port and the third condenser port being connected inside the condenser via pipes; An air-cooled radiator, wherein the air-cooled radiator has a first and a second air-cooling port, and the first air-cooling port is connected to the second condenser port; An evaporator having a first to a fourth evaporator port, the first evaporator port being connected to a fourth condenser port via a second throttling valve, the second evaporator port being connected to a second absorber port, and the third evaporator port and the fourth evaporator port being connected inside the evaporator via pipes; A refrigerant tank, the refrigerant tank having a first to a fourth refrigerant port, the second refrigerant port being connected to the third evaporator port, and the fourth refrigerant port being connected to the fourth evaporator port; The first energy-consuming device has a first to a sixth energy-consuming interface, the fourth energy-consuming interface is connected to the first refrigerant port, and the sixth energy-consuming interface is connected to the third refrigerant port; The heating system includes: The second waste heat exchanger has a fifth to an eighth waste heat port. The fifth waste heat port is connected to the third water tank port. The sixth waste heat port is connected to the fourth generator port through a thirteenth valve. The seventh waste heat port is connected to the second energy interface through a fifth valve. The seventh waste heat port is connected to the third energy interface through a sixth valve. The eighth waste heat port is connected to the first energy interface through a seventh valve. The eighth waste heat port is connected to the fifth energy interface through an eighth valve. The seventh waste heat port is connected to the first air-cooling port through the ninth valve, and the eighth waste heat port is connected to the second air-cooling port through the tenth valve; The cooling water system includes: The second energy-consuming device has a seventh and a eighth energy-consuming interface. The seventh energy-consuming interface is connected to the first air-cooling port via an eleventh valve, and the eighth energy-consuming interface is connected to the second condenser port via a twelfth valve. A cooling water pump is used to connect the second air-cooling port and the third absorber port, and the cooling water pump is also used to connect the second air-cooling port and the eighth waste heat port.

2. The combined cooling, heating, and power system with heat pump energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molten salt tank is provided with an upper molten salt distributor adjacent to the first molten salt port and a lower molten salt distributor adjacent to the second molten salt port. The antifreeze tank is provided with an upper antifreeze distributor adjacent to the first antifreeze port and a lower antifreeze distributor adjacent to the second antifreeze port. The first molten salt port is connected to the first molten salt heat exchanger port via a high-temperature molten salt pump, the second molten salt port is connected to the second molten salt heat exchanger port via a low-temperature molten salt pump, the first antifreeze port is connected to the third antifreeze heat exchanger port via a first antifreeze pump, and the second antifreeze port is connected to the fourth antifreeze heat exchanger port via a second antifreeze pump.

3. The combined cooling, heating and power system with heat pump energy storage according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, During the energy storage phase, only the heat pump energy storage system is activated, while the thermal storage system, refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system are all shut down. The first and second valves are closed, and the third valve is opened. During the power generation phase, the heat pump energy storage system and thermal storage system are activated, while the refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system are all shut down. The first and second valves are opened, and the third valve is closed.

4. The combined cooling, heating and power system with heat pump energy storage according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, During the cooling-only phase, the heat pump energy storage system, thermal storage system, cooling system, and cooling water system are all turned on, while the heating system is turned off, and valves eight, six, five, seven, eleven, and twelfth are closed.

5. The combined cooling, heating and power system with heat pump energy storage according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, During the heating-only phase, the heat pump energy storage system, the thermal storage system, and the heating system are all turned on, while the refrigeration system and the cooling water system are turned off, and the fourth, thirteenth, ninth, and tenth valves are closed.

6. The combined cooling, heating and power system with heat pump energy storage according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, During the combined cooling and heating phase, the heat pump energy storage system, thermal storage system, refrigeration system, heating system, and cooling water system are all activated.

Images