Application flow path for water treatment or detection

Abstract

The application relates to the field of liquid treatment, and discloses an application flow path for water treatment or detection, which comprises a common pipeline, a plurality of devices for quantitatively treating liquid are connected in parallel on the common pipeline, at least one device for quantitatively treating liquid comprises a container for containing liquid to be extracted, a through-flow pipeline which extends from the inside of the container to a branching point, a peristaltic pump is arranged in series on the through-flow pipeline, a second branch which communicates with the through-flow pipeline and extends from the branching point to a second port, a stop valve is arranged in series on the second branch, and the second port is communicated to the common pipeline, and a first branch which communicates with the through-flow pipeline and extends from the branching point to a first port which is communicated to the atmosphere.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of liquid handling, analysis or detection, and more specifically, to an application flow path for water treatment or detection. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the processing and / or analysis of liquids are involved in numerous technological fields. For example, in the medical, food, laboratory analysis, and agricultural / forestry / fisheries sectors, sample analysis requires quantitative processing of the sample and reagents. Similarly, in water quality testing within the environmental field, it is necessary to collect a small quantity of the liquid and analyze it. The accuracy of the amount of liquid collected has a crucial and direct impact on the test results. Failure to accurately collect the sample or determine the sample volume can lead to significant errors in the test results.

[0003] Traditionally, many analytical instruments or liquid handling devices, although capable of precise liquid injection in small volumes (e.g., 0.05 ml to 2 ml), typically handle relatively clear, clean liquids that have undergone pretreatment such as flocculation and filtration in laboratory conditions. Moreover, the cost of liquid pretreatment equipment and labor is usually high.

[0004] Traditional solutions struggle to meet the demands of current industry conditions because ensuring the cleanliness of the test liquid is difficult in certain real-world scenarios. Furthermore, once pretreatment is performed on the test liquid, the cleaned liquid will obviously differ from the actual liquid at the testing site (e.g., COD, total phosphorus, total nitrogen in water quality testing), potentially affecting measurement accuracy. Suspended solids or impurities in the liquid may even clog pretreatment pipelines. For instance, in online monitoring under harsh conditions, such as for electroplating solutions, hydrometallurgical ore solutions, and environmental wastewater, traditional technologies cannot achieve accurate quantitative detection of the test liquid under these conditions. In particular, there is a lack of a micro-volume (e.g., 0.05-2 ml) liquid quantification technology that is relatively low-cost and easy to maintain or even maintenance-free for a relatively long period.

[0005] Furthermore, a typical quantitative metering flow path widely used in analytical instruments and liquid handling is the "sequential injection" metering technology. This flow path technology has good stability, but in the past decade, with the emergence of stringent new demands for low cost, high precision, and the ability to handle both micro-volume (e.g., 0.05-2 ml) and conventional volume (e.g., 2-10 ml) metering, as well as rapid measurement and detection, several inherent drawbacks of the traditional sequential injection metering technology have become increasingly apparent. For example, firstly, the cost of the flow path components in such traditional devices is high due to the need for multi-channel switching valves (or valve assemblies) and metering detection devices; secondly, in this type of traditional device, the inlet and outlet of the liquid need to be carried out sequentially via a transfer mechanism, thus the operation steps are relatively complex. The process is complex and time-consuming, resulting in relatively low overall work efficiency. Furthermore, a more serious drawback is that if certain operating conditions require continuous water sample and several different reagents, the flow path in traditional solutions can only measure these samples and reagents sequentially. Moreover, sometimes the pipeline needs thorough cleaning before introducing the next reagent, leading to excessively long overall analysis time and severely impacting work efficiency. Finally, in the flow path of traditional devices, the long transit pipeline makes it easy for liquid to adhere to the walls or remain inside the conduits and devices, resulting in low measurement accuracy when performing micro-volume processing.

[0006] In view of this, how to overcome at least some of the technical defects mentioned above in traditional solutions has become an urgent technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a novel solution for the quantitative processing of liquids. To achieve the above objective, this application provides an application flow path for water treatment or detection, the application flow path comprising: A common pipeline, on which multiple devices for metering liquids are connected in parallel, wherein at least one device for metering liquids includes: A container used to hold the liquid to be extracted; A flow passage extends from the inside of the container outward to the bifurcation point, and a peristaltic pump is connected in series in the flow passage. A second branch, which connects to the flow path and extends from the bifurcation point to a second port, is equipped with a shut-off valve in series in the second branch, and all second ports are connected to the common path; and The first branch is connected to the flow path and extends from the bifurcation point to the first port leading to the atmosphere.

[0008] Preferably, the first branch and / or the second branch are narrow channels with an inner diameter of 0.05 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 3 mm, and even more preferably 0.2 mm to 2 mm. Preferably, at least a portion of the common conduit is a narrow channel. Preferably, the flow passage is also a narrow channel; or the flow passage is a narrow channel within a predetermined length extending from the bifurcation point toward the container, the predetermined length being at least 0.01 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the application flow path includes a reactor / vessel, and the common pipeline is connected to the reactor / vessel.

[0010] Preferably, the opening of the common pipeline is located at the bottom, middle or top of the reactor / vessel; and / or the common pipeline drips liquid into the reactor / vessel through the top opening of the reactor / vessel; and / or the liquid in the container is distilled water, cleaning solution, water sample to be tested, standard solution or reagent.

[0011] Preferably, the common pipeline is connected to the atmosphere via a waste liquid pipeline equipped with a shut-off valve in series, wherein the node of the waste liquid pipeline on the common pipeline is closest to the reactor / vessel compared to the second port of each of the second branches connected to the second port of the common pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the application flow path further includes a peristaltic pump, wherein: when the reactor / vessel is an open reactor / vessel, the peristaltic pump is connected in series between the node connected to the reactor / vessel on the common pipeline and the aforementioned node; or when the reactor / vessel is a closed reactor / vessel, the reactor / vessel is connected to the atmosphere through the peristaltic pump.

[0013] Preferably, the application flow path for water treatment or testing includes an external branch, wherein the common pipeline is connected to the atmosphere through an external branch equipped with a shut-off valve or a peristaltic pump in series, for pumping out air and / or discharging liquid.

[0014] Preferably, the outer branch connects to the portion of the common pipeline located at the end away from the reactor / vessel and the node of each of the second branches communicating with the container containing the reagent, wherein, preferably, the outer branch connects to the portion of the common pipeline located at the end away from the reactor / vessel and the node of the second branch communicating with the container containing distilled water, preferably, the outer branch connects to the end of the common pipeline away from the reactor / vessel.

[0015] Preferably, the application flow path includes a liquid detector disposed in the portion of the common pipeline between the reactor / vessel and the node of the second branch closest to the reactor / vessel.

[0016] Preferably, at least one first port of the first branch of at least a portion of the plurality of devices for quantitative liquid processing leads to the container of the device and is located above the surface of the reagent liquid in the container.

[0017] Preferably, the reactor / vessel is equipped with a detector for detecting the liquid level or volume inside the reactor / vessel, which is a dielectric sensor, a pressure sensor, or an optical sensor.

[0018] The technical solution of this application can utilize the working characteristics of peristaltic pumps and / or shut-off valves to achieve at least some of the following beneficial technical effects.

[0019] For example, by employing a combination of a peristaltic pump and / or a shut-off valve, and utilizing simple control of the peristaltic pump and shut-off valve, the liquid to be metered can be easily and accurately filled into the selected constant-volume pipeline by overflow. Simultaneously, the overflow method can eliminate air bubbles that may be generated at the beginning of liquid feeding, thereby achieving high-precision liquid feeding with small volumes. In addition to accurately determining the volume of the liquid to be measured, the preferred embodiment of this application's technical solution also enables high-precision metering and rapid liquid feeding, as well as the delivery of high-precision liquid volumes to subsequent processing containers or processes.

[0020] For example, the flow path topology in the technical solution of this application is very simple, the required flow path components are few, and the components are simple and easy to mold and mass-produce. Some flow paths only require one component (peristaltic pump) in addition to the conduit. Therefore, the cost can be greatly reduced. The assembly is very simple in the manufacturing process, and the daily maintenance and repair are also very convenient in the use process.

[0021] Furthermore, the technical solution of this application primarily utilizes (miniature) peristaltic pumps and shut-off valves that are currently widely used and produced in the industrial field. Additionally, it preferably employs inexpensive, narrow-channel components as the constant-volume tube. These components are not only inexpensive but also offer stable and reliable performance. Therefore, compared to traditional solutions, this approach significantly reduces costs while achieving excellent reliability.

[0022] Furthermore, as described above, the flow path design in this application enables high-precision constant volume measurement, and in a preferred case, a peristaltic pump can be used to achieve even higher precision liquid feeding operation (since the peristaltic pump tube is preferably directly connected to a narrow channel, the peristaltic pump can more easily eliminate the dead volume interference problem of residual liquid compared to a shut-off valve).

[0023] Furthermore, this application not only facilitates the expansion and modular combination of various flow path schemes, but also enables the implementation of a "concurrent micro-equivalent rapid liquid injection technology" similar to "magazine loading" in some combined flow path schemes: In traditional sequential liquid injection methods (such as "sequential injection" liquid injection technology), since there is usually only one volumetric metering device and one peristaltic pump, the water sample or reagent must be driven into the volumetric metering device by the peristaltic pump in sequence, and finally pushed or sucked into the designated container or pipeline; while in the preferred embodiment of this application, the "concurrent micro-equivalent rapid liquid injection technology" of the "pre-filled reagent" type (such as the application flow path) is used. Figure 21-24 , Figure 33-42 (etc.), water samples and various reagents can be pre-filled in their respective branches at the same time, and then injected into the reactor / vessel by pumps on each branch simultaneously or sequentially, or by pumps in the main pipeline sequentially, which greatly saves the overall time for completing all reagent metering and subsequent cleaning.

[0024] Furthermore, the "sequential injection" liquid introduction technology requires first pumping the water sample or reagent into a metering tube for intermediate volume adjustment, and then pumping the water sample or reagent from the metering tube into a predetermined container (such as a colorimetric tube). After the test is completed, the discharge of waste liquid also requires a reverse process. Such operations are time-consuming and easily increase the risk of residual liquid in the flow path. In the preferred embodiment of this application, the flow path does not require a liquid storage unit. The flow path schemes in each combined flow path can independently allow the test liquid (such as water sample) and reagent to directly enter the reaction container, such as the colorimetric tube. Liquid delivery and volume measurement can be completed simultaneously, and liquid discharge is also simpler, requiring only continuous high-speed discharge to the waste liquid outlet. Moreover, due to the improved measurement accuracy, the volume of liquid introduced in this application is significantly reduced, and the flow path is also greatly shortened. Therefore, compared with the traditional method, this will significantly shorten the liquid introduction time and improve work efficiency; moreover, by reducing core components such as plunger pumps and metering tubes, not only is the cost significantly reduced, but the size of the device can also be reduced, achieving miniaturization and portability.

[0025] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present application, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figures 1A to 1E as well as Figures 2 to 10 These are schematic diagrams of various basic flow path schemes for a device for quantitative liquid processing according to this application.

[0027] Figures 11A to 11C as well as Figure 12 Figures 1 to 16 are schematic diagrams of various basic flow path combinations of the apparatus for quantitative liquid processing according to this application.

[0028] Figures 17 to 43 These are schematic diagrams of various reaction flow paths of the apparatus for quantitative liquid processing according to this application.

[0029] Figure 44 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the technical advantages of the fine channel used in the technical solution of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In the technical solution of this application, the basic flow path, the combination of basic flow paths, and various application flow paths of the device for quantitative liquid processing are described in detail. It is understood that in actual engineering applications, various liquid flow control methods can be realized by combining the flow path scheme of the technical solution of this application under the control of various components by a computer system (such as an industrial control computer, a microcontroller, etc.). The selection of the control unit and the program design can be selected according to the actual working conditions.

[0031] As described above, the technical solution of this application can be applied to various technical fields involving liquid handling and / or analysis, such as the medical field, the food field, and laboratory analysis, but is particularly suitable for water quality testing and analysis in the environmental protection field. For example, the technical solution of this application is particularly suitable for water quality analyzers.

[0032] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0033] I. Definition of Terms 1. Narrow channel In a preferred embodiment of this application, a portion of the flow path employs a fine-channel design. Specifically, the first branch 11 and / or the second branch 12 are preferably fine channels, with an aperture of 0.05 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 3 mm, and even more preferably 0.5 mm to 2 mm. More preferably, the flow passage 10 is also a fine channel; or the flow passage is a fine channel within a predetermined length extending from the bifurcation point a towards the container P, where the predetermined length is at least 0.01 mm.

[0034] In addition, the flow path generally has a uniform inner diameter; however, within the allowable range of precision or at the location of components (such as peristaltic pumps or shut-off valves), different inner diameters can also be designed.

[0035] Materials for narrow channels include, but are not limited to, various types of rubber, plastics, or metals. Narrow channels can also be thin tubes, commonly including silicone rubber tubes, fluororubber tubes, and polytetrafluoroethylene tubes.

[0036] It should be noted that, for the sake of convenience, the "channel" advantage is referred to as "pipeline" or "conduit" in this article.

[0037] The reason for adopting a fine channel design in the preferred technical solution of this application is as follows.

[0038] As described above, using a fine channel (combined with a peristaltic pump and / or a simple shut-off valve) not only enables high-precision volume control at micro-volume levels but also allows for high-precision micro-volume injection (e.g., 0.1-2 ml). For example, if a fine channel with an inner diameter of 0.5 mm and a length of 500 mm is used for volume control, the technical solution of this application can easily achieve volume control of approximately 100 microliters (0.1 ml) of wastewater with an accuracy of ±2 microliters, and then deliver the high-precision volume-controlled liquid without residue. Furthermore, due to the use of a fine channel, smaller volumes of liquid samples can be processed and subsequent testing can be performed, significantly reducing the cost of reagents consumed.

[0039] More importantly, in the field of online monitoring under harsh operating conditions, the use of the aforementioned narrow channels (with an optimal inner diameter of 0.5-1.6 mm) offers three significant advantages. First, narrow channels facilitate easy insertion and removal for maintenance, and the cost of periodic replacement is very low, which is especially important for online monitoring instruments operating under harsh conditions. Second, for liquids that have undergone coarse filtration, this pipe diameter can largely prevent pipe blockage caused by suspended solids or impurities in the liquid, ensuring the stability of the flow path. Third, when the conduit is sufficiently narrow, its inner diameter will be smaller than the height of the droplets formed inside the conduit due to surface tension and wetting. In this case, the liquid will naturally converge and close the narrow channel. Driven by a pump, the liquid can be slowly delivered into the target container, thereby avoiding or reducing the amount of stagnant or residual liquid in the pipeline that could affect accuracy. If the orifice of the conduit is designed to be too large, the liquid remaining on the inner wall of the pipe after passing through it will be difficult to be removed by externally blown-in gas. This is because, in this case, the maximum radial size of the residual liquid droplets is unlikely to reach the height of the inner diameter of the pipe. Therefore, even with the introduction of gas, the presence of the aforementioned gaps makes it difficult to thoroughly remove the residual liquid from the inner wall of the pipe. Figure 44 As shown. In the technical solution of this application, by selecting the aforementioned inner diameter range of the narrow channel, it is possible to ensure that the maximum radial size of the droplets formed by the final aggregation of the residual liquid on the inner wall of the pipe reaches or exceeds the height of the inner diameter of the pipe (e.g., Figure 44As shown in the figure, the fluid (such as liquid or gas) introduced can be used to more thoroughly remove the residual liquid on the inner wall of the pipeline, while also avoiding the defect that the liquid to be tested has many impurities and is prone to clogging the pipeline in the field of online monitoring under harsh working conditions.

[0040] It is understood that although the preferred embodiments of this application emphasize the use of fine channels, this does not mean excluding other non-fine channel devices that can form the various complex combinations of channels in this application, such as the combination of larger diameter tubes. Without affecting the achievement of the purpose of this invention, fine channels may not be used; instead, larger diameter tubes may be used at least locally, such as coarse-diameter tubes when it is necessary to volumetrically adjust a conventional volume exceeding 2 ml (see...). Figure 29-32 This includes a thicker pipe connected to the drain outlet for discharging waste liquid. This not only provides flexible and low-cost wiring but also facilitates maintenance during later use. Furthermore, although the above description uses a conduit as an example to illustrate the fine channel, it is understood that, provided the aforementioned inner diameter range is met, the fine channel in this application is not limited to conduits and can also take other forms, such as organic multi-branching boards, microfluidic chip trenches, etc.

[0041] 2. Peristaltic pump In the technical solution of this application, peristaltic pump is a broad definition of a device or combination of devices that has the function of a peristaltic pump. Unless otherwise specified, it generally refers to a device or combination of devices that can drive liquid in both directions (sometimes only its function of driving in a certain direction is used), and can shut off the pipeline when stationary. The above-mentioned peristaltic pump includes, but is not limited to, the following specific devices or combinations of devices: peristaltic pump in the narrow sense; a shut-off valve and a pump that can drive fluid in both directions (sometimes only its function of driving in a certain direction) or a pump group (e.g., a combination of several diaphragm pumps, centrifugal pumps, etc.) in series, etc.

[0042] 3. Shut-off valve In the technical solution of this application, the term "gate valve" is a broad definition of a device or combination of devices that has the function of shutting off a certain pipeline, including but not limited to the following specific devices: diaphragm type two-way gate valve; pinch type two-way gate valve (abbreviated as pinch valve); peristaltic pump in a narrow sense (equivalent to closed when stationary and equivalent to open when rotating); rotary switching type two-way or multi-way valve, etc.

[0043] 4. N-choose-1 multi-channel valve (where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2) In the technical solution of this application, an N-to-1 multi-channel valve is a broad definition of a device or combination of devices. This device or combination of devices has one common port and N distribution ports. Through a control signal, the common port can uniquely conduct one of the N distribution ports or de-conduct all of them. The aforementioned broad N-to-1 multi-channel valve includes, but is not limited to, the following specific devices or combinations of devices: a valve group consisting of N shut-off valves connected to the same common port; a multi-channel rotary switching valve (see...). Figure 35 Other valve groups, such as those consisting of multiple shut-off valves and multiple multi-channel switching valves.

[0044] II. Basic Flow Path Scheme like Figures 1A to 1E as well as Figures 2 to 10 As shown, this application provides a basic flow path scheme for a device for quantitatively processing liquids, the device comprising: Container P, which is used to contain the liquid to be extracted; and A flow passage 10 extends outward from the inside of the container P to the bifurcation point a; First branch 11, which is connected to the flow path 10 and extends from the bifurcation point a to the first port K1; and The second branch 12 is connected to the flow pipe 10 and extends from the bifurcation point a to the second port K2; A peristaltic pump B1 is connected in series in at least one of the flow passage 10, the first branch 11, and the second branch 12, and a shut-off valve F1, F2, or another peristaltic pump B2 is connected in series in at least the other of the flow passage 10, the first branch 11, and the second branch 12, so as to be able to intercept a predetermined volume of liquid between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 or the second port K2.

[0045] Preferably, the first branch 11 and / or the second branch 12 are narrow channels (especially when the first branch 11 is used to quantitatively extract a predetermined volume of liquid, it is preferably a narrow channel; when the second branch is used to quantitatively extract a predetermined volume of liquid, it is preferably a narrow channel), and the aperture of the narrow channel is 0.05 mm to 5 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 3 mm, and even more preferably 0.5 mm to 2 mm; more preferably, the flow passage 10 is also a narrow channel; or the flow passage 10 is a narrow channel within a predetermined length range extending from the bifurcation point a toward the container P, and the predetermined length range is at least 0.01 mm. By designing the flow passage 10 as a narrow channel within a predetermined length extending from the bifurcation point b1 toward the container P, it is possible to achieve better reliability and accuracy when accurately capturing a predetermined volume of liquid using the first branch 11 and the second branch 12, even when the rest of the flow passage 10 is a thicker pipe. In particular, it avoids the situation where at least part of the liquid flows into the flow passage 10 or even back into the container P when the liquid flows through the bifurcation point a.

[0046] Container P is used to contain the liquid to be processed or analyzed. Container P can be made of various suitable materials, such as glass or plastic. The capacity of container P can be designed according to specific operating conditions, typically with a maximum capacity of 100-2000 ml. Furthermore, container P can be open, i.e., open to the atmosphere; or it can be closed, i.e., not directly open to the atmosphere. These two forms will be described in detail in the following embodiments.

[0047] One end of the flow passage 10 is located inside the container P and extends outward to a branch point a. From the branch point a, the flow passage 10 splits into a first branch 11 and a second branch 12. The first branch 11 has a first port K1, while the second branch 12 has a second port K2.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" used in this application (such as the first branch and the second branch here) are only used to distinguish different similar or related technical features and do not constitute a substantial limitation on the technical solution. For example, in different operating conditions, a certain first feature can be interchanged with a certain second feature, or even first, second, third, etc. can be used to distinguish similar or related but different technical features, components, parts, etc.

[0049] To accurately obtain the liquid sample to be processed or tested, a peristaltic pump B1 is connected in series in at least one of the flow passage 10, the first branch 11, and the second branch 12. A shut-off valve F1, F2, or another peristaltic pump B2 is connected in series in at least another of the flow passage 10, the first branch 11, and the second branch 12, so as to intercept a predetermined volume of liquid between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 or the second port K2. Specifically, a peristaltic pump is connected in series in at least one of the flow passage 10, the first branch 11, and the second branch 12, and a shut-off valve or another peristaltic pump is installed in at least another one. The peristaltic pump serves as a power source for suction or push of liquid. When the peristaltic pump is rotating, it can extract liquid from the container P and pump out the liquid after accurate volume determination; at the same time, when the peristaltic pump stops rotating, it can also serve as a shut-off valve. Therefore, by utilizing the combined operation of a peristaltic pump and a shut-off valve, a predetermined volume of liquid sample between the bifurcation point a and either the first port K1 or the second port K2 can be accurately cut off, thereby obtaining a precise liquid sample. The interception process will be described in detail below.

[0050] The technical solution based on the innovative concept of this application has many preferred implementation methods, mainly involving various arrangements and combinations of the flow passage 10, the first branch 11, and the second branch 12 with the peristaltic pump and the shut-off valve. Specifically, the peristaltic pump, the shut-off valve, and a componentless configuration (flow passage) can all be selected from the flow passage 10, the first branch 11, and the second branch 12, thus a total of The combination methods are as follows, but we need to exclude combinations where all three components (flow passage 10, first branch 11, and second branch 12) are either shut-off valves or have no components at all (because combinations where all three components are shut-off valves or have no components are not applicable). Therefore, there are a total of 25 possible combinations. All of these combinations are within the scope of this application.

[0051] The following description, in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, will describe the structural composition, connection relationships, operation process, and technical advantages of each preferred embodiment.

[0052] Figures 1A to 1E as well as Figures 2 to 10 The description primarily focuses on various implementations of a single device. For ease of explanation, this application defines the naming conventions for various basic flow paths, with each name consisting of two parts connected by a hyphen ("-"). For example, "1A-Basic Type" indicates... Figure 1A The basic flow path shown is indicated by "2-basic type". Figure 2 The basic flow path shown follows the same logic. Furthermore, due to... Figures 1A to 1E The basic form has five variations (the principles of which are the same or similar), therefore we use "1-basic form" to represent it. Figures 1A to 1E The five basic flow paths shown are generally explained using "1A-basic type" as an example.

[0053] The following describes the structural composition and connection relationship of each type of basic flow path. For the sake of brevity, this application only schematically draws a portion of the basic flow paths in the description of the basic type.

[0054] like Figures 1A to 1E as well as Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the basic flow path can have various connection forms.

[0055] For example Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown, the first peristaltic pump B1 is connected in series in the first branch 11, the first shut-off valve F1 is connected in series in the flow passage 10, and the second shut-off valve F2 or the second peristaltic pump B2 is connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0056] For example Figure 1C and Figure 1D As shown, the first peristaltic pump B1 is connected in series in the first branch 11, the third peristaltic pump B3 is connected in series in the flow passage 10, and the second peristaltic pump B2 or the second shut-off valve F2 is connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0057] For example Figure 1E As shown, the third peristaltic pump B3 is connected in series in the flow passage 10, the first shut-off valve F1 is connected in series in the first branch 11, and the second peristaltic pump B2 (not shown) or the second shut-off valve F2 is connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0058] For example Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first peristaltic pump B1 is connected in series in the first branch 11, the flow passage 10 is a flow pipe, and the second shut-off valve F2 or the second peristaltic pump B2 is connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0059] For example Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the first branch 11 is a through pipe, the second branch 12 is connected in series with the second peristaltic pump B2 or the second shut-off valve F2, and the flow through pipe 10 is connected in series with the first peristaltic pump B1.

[0060] The following is about Figures 1A to 1E as well as Figures 2 to 10 The basic flow path shown is described in more detail below.

[0061] Implementation Method 1 like Figures 1A to 1EAs shown, the structure and connection relationship of the device for quantitative liquid processing are as follows.

[0062] Container P is used to contain the liquid to be extracted, and container P is open to the atmosphere. A flow path 10 extends outward from the inside of container P (preferably upward) and extends to a branch point a. At this branch point a, the flow path 10 splits into a first branch 11 and a second branch 12. The first branch 11 extends from the branch point a to a first port K1, and the second branch 12 extends from the branch point a to a second port K2.

[0063] In each flow path 10, the first branch 11, and the second branch 12, a peristaltic pump or a shut-off valve is connected in series, and at least one of the flow paths 10, the first branch 11, and the second branch 12 has a peristaltic pump connected in series. Below are descriptions of several different "1-basic type" flow paths: like Figure 1A The “1A-basic type” basic flow path shown has a first shut-off valve F1 connected in series in the flow path 10, a first peristaltic pump B1 connected in series in the first branch 11, and a second shut-off valve F2 connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0064] Figure 1A The working process of the illustrated embodiment is as follows.

[0065] First, open the first shut-off valve F1 while keeping the second shut-off valve F2 closed. Then, rotate the first peristaltic pump B1 clockwise (based on the orientation shown in the figure, but not as a limitation of this application). At this time, the liquid in container P enters the flow passage 10 under the pumping of the first peristaltic pump B1, passes through the first shut-off valve F1 and the first peristaltic pump B1, and then overflows through the first port K1.

[0066] Then, the first shut-off valve F1 closes, and the second shut-off valve F2 opens, causing the first peristaltic pump B1 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, air enters through the first port K1, allowing a section of liquid with a constant volume between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 to be removed from the first port K2. Alternatively, if the first peristaltic pump B1 is rotated clockwise, air enters through the second port K2, allowing a section of liquid with a constant volume between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 to be removed from the first port K1.

[0067] like Figure 1B The "1B-basic" basic flow path shown is related to... Figure 1AThe main difference in the "1A-basic type" basic flow path shown is that the second shut-off valve F2 is replaced by the second peristaltic pump B2. Therefore, when the second peristaltic pump B2 is stationary, it can act as a shut-off valve. Using the liquid inlet operation procedure of the "1A-basic type" flow path, liquid can be metered and brought to volume in the first or second branch pipe. When it is necessary to remove the liquid with a constant volume in the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 or the second port K2, the first peristaltic pump B1 and the second peristaltic pump B2 can be driven in the same direction but at different speeds to remove the liquid from the first port K1 or the second port K2. In this scheme, the components on the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 are preferably designed to be interchangeable, but different peristaltic pumps are also possible.

[0068] like Figure 1C The "1C-basic type" basic flow path shown is related to... Figure 1A The main difference in the "1A-basic type" flow path shown is that the first shut-off valve F1 is replaced by the third peristaltic pump B3. Therefore, when the third peristaltic pump B3 is stationary, it can act as a shut-off valve. Using the "1A-basic type" flow path, the liquid can be metered and brought to volume in the first or second branch pipe. When it is necessary to remove the liquid from the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 or the second port K2, the first peristaltic pump B1 and the third peristaltic pump B3 can be driven in the same direction but at different speeds to remove the liquid from the first port K1 or the second port K2.

[0069] like Figure 1D The "1D-basic" basic flow path shown is related to... Figure 1A The main difference in the "1A-basic type" basic flow path shown is that the first shut-off valve F1 and the second shut-off valve F2 are replaced by the third peristaltic pump B3 and the second peristaltic pump B2, respectively. Therefore, when the second peristaltic pump B2 or the third peristaltic pump B3 is stationary, it can act as a shut-off valve. Using the liquid inlet operation procedure of the "1A-basic type" flow path, liquid can be metered and brought to volume in the first or second branch pipe. When it is necessary to remove the liquid from the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 or the second port K2, the first peristaltic pump B1 and the second peristaltic pump B2 can be driven in the same direction but at different speeds to remove the liquid from the first port K1 or the second port K2.

[0070] like Figure 1E The “1e-basic type” basic flow path shown has a third peristaltic pump B3 connected in series in the flow path 10, a first shut-off valve F1 connected in series in the first branch 11, and a second shut-off valve F2 connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0071] Figure 1E The working process of the illustrated embodiment is as follows.

[0072] First, open the first shut-off valve F1 while keeping the second shut-off valve F2 closed. Then, rotate the third peristaltic pump B3 counterclockwise (based on the orientation shown in the figure, but not as a limitation of this application). At this time, the liquid in container P is drawn into the flow passage 10 by the third peristaltic pump B3, passes through the third peristaltic pump B3 and the first shut-off valve F1, and then overflows through the first port K1.

[0073] Then, the first shut-off valve F1 opens, the first peristaltic pump B1 remains stationary, and the second shut-off valve F2 opens. At this time, air enters from the first port K1, and the constant-volume liquid in the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 is removed from the second port K2 under the influence of gravity. Similarly, due to the preferred narrow-channel design, when the third peristaltic pump B3 remains stationary and the second shut-off valve F2 is closed, the constant-volume liquid in the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 will not flow downwards on its own; instead, it will flow out under gravity only after the second shut-off valve F2 is opened.

[0074] As described above, since the peristaltic pump has two rotational directions, it can be used to both pump liquid from the container P and discharge the liquid from the corresponding port. The characteristics of the various basic flow paths shown in Figure 1 are: in the three branches—the flow path, the first branch, and the second branch—each branch must have at least one peristaltic pump or shut-off valve connected in series, and there must be at least one peristaltic pump connected in series on one branch.

[0075] according to Figures 1A to 1E The illustrated embodiment enables the extraction of a predetermined volume of liquid sample with high efficiency and relatively high accuracy in determining the volume of the obtained liquid sample. Furthermore, since the inner diameter of the narrow channel is preferably small, the volume of the liquid sample extracted is also relatively small. The size of the liquid volume to be extracted can be determined by adjusting the lengths of the first branch 11 and the second branch 12; this method is also applicable in other embodiments described below.

[0076] Implementation Method 2 like Figure 2 As shown, the basic flow path structure and connection relationship of the device for quantitative liquid processing are as follows.

[0077] Container P is used to contain the liquid to be extracted, and container P is open to the atmosphere. A flow path 10 extends outward from the inside of container P (preferably upward) and extends to a branch point a. At this branch point a, the flow path 10 splits into a first branch 11 and a second branch 12. The first branch 11 extends from the branch point a to a first port K1, and the second branch 12 extends from the branch point a to a second port K2.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, no components are connected in series in the flow path 10, a first peristaltic pump B1 is connected in series in the first branch 11, and a second shut-off valve F2 is connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0079] Figure 2 The working process of the illustrated embodiment is as follows.

[0080] First, keep the second shut-off valve F2 closed, and then rotate the first peristaltic pump B1 clockwise (based on the orientation shown in the figure, but not as a limitation of this application). At this time, the liquid in container P enters the flow passage 10 under the pumping of the first peristaltic pump B1, passes through the first peristaltic pump B1, and then overflows through the first port K1.

[0081] Then, the first peristaltic pump B1 remains stationary (equivalent to a shut-off state), and the second shut-off valve F2 is opened. At this time, air enters from the second port K2, causing the liquid between the bifurcation point a and the container P to flow back into the container P under the action of gravity, while the liquid with a constant volume in the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port k1 remains stationary due to the shut-off of the peristaltic pump B1 and the surface tension and non-expansion / contraction of the liquid.

[0082] Subsequently, the first peristaltic pump B1 is rotated clockwise. Since the resistance to air entering at the second port K2 is much less than the gravity that the liquid in the conduit inside container P has to overcome when it rises, air enters from the second port K2, thereby causing the liquid with a constant volume in the section of the tube between the bifurcation point a and the first port k1 to be taken out from the first port K1.

[0083] As can be seen from the above description, by utilizing the inner diameter characteristics of the narrow channel, combined with the physical effects of gravity, the non-expandability of the liquid, and surface tension, the technical solution of this application can be realized at a lower cost.

[0084] Implementation Method 3 like Figure 3 The preferred embodiment shown is the third one, which is the same as the one shown. Figure 2 The main difference in the second embodiment shown is that the second shut-off valve F2 is replaced by the second peristaltic pump B2. Therefore, when the second peristaltic pump B2 is stationary, it can act as a shut-off valve. When it is necessary to remove the liquid with a constant volume in the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port k1, the first peristaltic pump B1 and the second peristaltic pump B2 can be driven in the same direction but at different speeds to remove the liquid from the first port K1 or the second port K2.

[0085] Implementation Method 4 like Figure 4As shown, the structure and connection relationship of the device for quantitative liquid processing are as follows.

[0086] Container P is used to contain the liquid to be extracted, and container P is open to the atmosphere. A flow path 10 extends outward from the inside of container P (preferably upward) and extends to a branch point a. At this branch point a, the flow path 10 splits into a first branch 11 and a second branch 12. The first branch 11 extends from the branch point a to a first port K1, and the second branch 12 extends from the branch point a to a second port K2.

[0087] like Figure 4 As shown, a first peristaltic pump B1 is connected in series in the flow path 10, no device is connected in series in the first branch 11, and a second peristaltic pump B2 is connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0088] Figure 4 The working process of the illustrated embodiment is as follows.

[0089] First, keep the second peristaltic pump B2 stationary, and then rotate the first peristaltic pump B1 counterclockwise (based on the orientation shown in the figure, but not as a limitation of this application). At this time, the liquid in container P enters the flow passage 10 under the pumping of the first peristaltic pump B1, passes through the first peristaltic pump B1 and the intersection a, and then overflows through the first port K1.

[0090] Then, the first peristaltic pump B1 remains stationary (equivalent to a shut-off state), while the second peristaltic pump B2 rotates counterclockwise. At this time, air enters from the first port K1, causing a constant volume of liquid in the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port k1 to be removed from the second port K2. Alternatively, if the second peristaltic pump B2 rotates clockwise, air enters from the second port K2, causing a constant volume of liquid in the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port k1 to be removed from the first port K1.

[0091] As described above, the static shut-off condition and the bidirectional rotation condition of the two peristaltic pumps can be used to extract a predetermined segment of liquid sample from the first port K1 or the second port K2 as needed.

[0092] Implementation Method 5 and Implementation Method 6 like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the structure and connection relationship of the device for quantitative liquid processing are as follows.

[0093] Container P is used to hold the liquid to be extracted, and container P is open to the atmosphere.

[0094] The flow passage 10 extends outward from the inside of container P (preferably upward) and extends to the bifurcation point a.

[0095] At the bifurcation point a, the flow path 10 splits into a first branch 11 and a second branch 12. The first branch 11 extends from the bifurcation point a to the first port K1, and the second branch 12 extends from the bifurcation point a to the second port K2. The first branch 11 is a pipe that extends obliquely from the bifurcation point a to the first port K1, either upwards or downwards. The angle of inclination of this oblique pipe relative to the horizontal plane can be selected according to the specific application conditions, such as between 30 degrees and 90 degrees, or preferably around 45 degrees.

[0096] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a first peristaltic pump B1 is connected in series in the flow path 10, no components are connected in series in the first branch 11, and a second shut-off valve F2 is connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0097] Figure 5 and Figure 6 The working process of the illustrated embodiment is as follows.

[0098] First, keep the second shut-off valve F2 closed. Then, rotate the first peristaltic pump B1 counterclockwise (based on the orientation shown in the figure, but not as a limitation of this application). At this time, the liquid in container P enters the flow passage 10 under the pumping of the first peristaltic pump B1, passes through the first peristaltic pump B1 and the bifurcation point a, and then overflows through the first port K1.

[0099] Then, in Figure 5 In the illustrated operating condition, the first peristaltic pump B1 remains stationary, and the second shut-off valve F2 is open. At this time, air enters through the second port K2, while a section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1, containing a constant volume of liquid, flows out from the first port K1 under gravity. In this scenario, due to the preferred narrow-channel design, when the first peristaltic pump B1 remains stationary and the second shut-off valve F2 is closed, the constant-volume liquid in the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 will not flow downwards on its own. Instead, it will flow out under gravity only after the second shut-off valve F2 is opened.

[0100] And in Figure 6In the illustrated operating condition, the first peristaltic pump B1 remains stationary, and the second shut-off valve F2 is open. At this time, air enters through the first port K1, and the constant-volume liquid in the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 flows out through the second port K2 under the influence of gravity. Similarly, due to the preferred narrow-channel design, when the first peristaltic pump B1 remains stationary and the second shut-off valve F2 is closed, the constant-volume liquid in the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 will not flow downwards on its own; instead, it will flow out under gravity only after the second shut-off valve F2 is opened.

[0101] As described above, by simply utilizing the static shut-off function of the peristaltic pump and the inclined design of the branch, coupled with the use of a narrow channel design in the preferred case, it is possible to conveniently intercept and collect liquid samples of accurate volume using gravity.

[0102] The above embodiments do not exhaust all possible combinations of the technical solutions of this application. For example, in different embodiments, when no flow path device is provided, the branch and flow passage can be formed as a through pipe. In some of the above embodiments, the flow passage 10 can be designed as a through pipe; while in other embodiments, the first branch 11 and / or the second branch can be designed as a through pipe. The working process of embodiments not shown in the accompanying drawings of this application can be naturally referred to in the detailed description of the structure and working process of the above various embodiments.

[0103] In all the above embodiments, container P is a container open to the atmosphere. However, in certain operating conditions where the requirements for highly corrosive reagents, volatile reagents, or water samples are more stringent, container P is designed as a closed container that is not directly open to the atmosphere, such as... Figures 7 to 10 As shown. This type of closed container can be obtained by first injecting liquid into the container and then sealing it. The closed container is connected to a pressurization device for increasing the gas pressure inside the container, and the flow passage 10 extends outward from the inside of the container P. The following will be combined with... Figures 7 to 10 This will be described in detail.

[0104] Implementation Method Seven like Figure 7 As shown, the structure and connection relationship of the device for quantitative liquid processing are as follows.

[0105] Container P is used to hold the liquid to be extracted, and container P is a closed container that is not directly connected to the atmosphere.

[0106] The flow path 10 extends outward from the container P (preferably upward) and to a branch point a. At the branch point a, the flow path 10 splits into a first branch 11 and a second branch 12. The first branch 11 extends from the branch point a to a first port K1, and the second branch 12 extends from the branch point a to a second port K2.

[0107] like Figure 7 As shown, a first shut-off valve F1 is connected in series in the flow path 10, a second shut-off valve F2 is connected in series in the first branch 11, and a third peristaltic pump B3 is connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0108] Figure 7 The working process of the illustrated embodiment is as follows.

[0109] First, the first shut-off valve F1 opens, and the second shut-off valve F2 closes. The third peristaltic pump B3 rotates clockwise, causing air to enter the container P from the second port K2 through the first shut-off valve F1, where it is pressurized. Therefore, the third peristaltic pump B3 acts as a pressurizing device at this time.

[0110] Then, first close the first shut-off valve F1, keeping the third peristaltic pump B3 stationary (shut down). Then open the first shut-off valve F1 and the second shut-off valve F2. At this time, the liquid in container P will enter the flow passage 10 under the action of internal pressure, and then overflow through the first port K1 after passing through the first shut-off valve F1 and the second shut-off valve F2.

[0111] Then, the first shut-off valve F1 is closed, and the third peristaltic pump B3 is rotated clockwise. Air then enters from the second port K2, pushing out the liquid at the first port K1, which has a constant volume, from the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port k1. Alternatively, the third peristaltic pump B3 is rotated counterclockwise, and air then enters from the first port K1, pushing out the liquid at the second port K2, which has a constant volume, from the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port k1.

[0112] Implementation Method Eight like Figure 8 As shown, the structure and connection relationship of the device for quantitative liquid processing are as follows.

[0113] Container P is used to contain the liquid to be extracted, and container P is a closed container that is not directly connected to the atmosphere. The pressurizing device is a heater 30 installed inside the container, which is used to heat the air inside the container.

[0114] The flow path 10 extends outward from the container P (preferably upward) and to a branch point a. At the branch point a, the flow path 10 splits into a first branch 11 and a second branch 12. The first branch 11 extends from the branch point a to a first port K1, and the second branch 12 extends from the branch point a to a second port K2.

[0115] like Figure 8 As shown, a first shut-off valve F1 is connected in series in the flow path 10, no components are connected in series in the first branch 11, and a third peristaltic pump B3 is connected in series in the second branch 12.

[0116] Figure 8 The working process of the illustrated embodiment is as follows.

[0117] First, the first shut-off valve F1 opens, and the third peristaltic pump B3 stops. The heater 30 heats and pressurizes the air inside container P. At this time, the liquid inside container P will enter the flow pipe 10 under the action of internal pressure, and then overflow through the first port K1 after passing through the first shut-off valve F1 and the bifurcation point a.

[0118] Then, the first shut-off valve F1 is closed, and the third peristaltic pump B3 is rotated clockwise. Air then enters from the second port K2, pushing out the liquid at the first port K1, which has a constant volume, from the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1. Alternatively, the third peristaltic pump B3 is rotated counterclockwise, and air then enters from the first port K1, pushing out the liquid at the second port K2, which has a constant volume, from the section of pipe between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1.

[0119] In this embodiment, a cooler is preferably provided. After a predetermined volume of liquid sample is collected, the air inside the container P can be cooled so that the liquid between the bifurcation point a and the port 101 of the flow pipe 10 flows back into the container P, thereby facilitating the next liquid collection operation.

[0120] Implementation methods nine and ten See Figure 9 and Figure 10 The implementation method shown in embodiment nine and Figure 8 The main difference in Embodiment 8 shown is the pressurization device.

[0121] In implementation method ten, such as Figure 10 As shown, the pressurization device includes a fourth peristaltic pump B4, through which the liquid container P is directly connected to the external atmosphere. In embodiment nine, as... Figure 9 As shown, the fourth peristaltic pump B4 can be connected to another auxiliary container P2 (containing the same liquid) that is open to the atmosphere, so as to pressurize the liquid in the auxiliary container P2 into the container P.

[0122] For other procedures of extracting predetermined sections of liquid samples, please refer to Implementation Method 8.

[0123] The above embodiments do not exhaust all possible combinations of the technical solutions of this application. For example, a peristaltic pump may also be connected in series in the flow path 10, and a peristaltic pump or a shut-off valve may be connected in series in the second branch or the first branch. The peristaltic pump works in conjunction with the shut-off valve and the pressurizing device to allow a predetermined volume of liquid sample between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 to flow out of the first port K1 or the second port K2.

[0124] The above describes the implementation methods of closed containers. Each of the above implementation methods can be selected and applied according to the specific working conditions.

[0125] Additionally, as shown in the figure, in a preferred embodiment, a liquid detector S is provided on the first branch 11 at a position adjacent to the first port K1. The liquid in the predetermined volume between the bifurcation point a and the first port K1 is the liquid between the bifurcation point a and the liquid detector S. The liquid detector S can be any sensor suitable for determining the presence of liquid, to determine whether liquid is present or has reached the location of the liquid detector S.

[0126] By setting a liquid detector S, the volume can be determined without requiring the liquid to flow out of the first port K1. In other words, in the embodiment with the liquid detector S, a liquid sample can be taken from a more flexible volume end near the liquid detector S, from the bifurcation point a. Simultaneously, since there is no need for liquid overflow, waste is prevented. More preferably, the liquid between the bifurcation point a and the liquid detector S is the liquid from the bifurcation point a to a predetermined offset point relative to the liquid detector S. This predetermined offset point distance can be controlled by a flow path inlet algorithm (e.g., related to the liquid flow velocity, or whether the liquid contains air bubbles, or the length and volume of the air bubbles), thereby achieving error compensation for various uncertainties during inlet (air bubbles, liquid flow velocity, pulsating inlet error during peristaltic pump inlet, etc.) to obtain a more accurate predetermined volume liquid sample. It is understood that in the technical solution of this application, the liquid detector S can also be set at a position near its second port K2 of the second branch 12. It is understood that the technical features of the liquid detector S can be applied to various basic flow paths in this application, and are not limited to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings of this application specification.

[0127] In a preferred embodiment, the first port K1 is provided with a downwardly extending extension section (not shown), preferably extending vertically downward, to ensure that when the liquid overflows from the outlet, the interference of uncertain factors on the quantitative interception of volume is avoided, and the accuracy of volume determination is further improved.

[0128] Figures 1A to 1E as well as Figures 2 to 10 The various implementations of the basic flow path are described in detail. According to further preferred embodiments, individual basic flow paths can be appropriately arranged and combined to suit applications where multiple containers P contain the same or different liquids. The combined apparatus schemes formed by combining individual basic flow paths are described in detail below.

[0129] In addition, it is understandable that the main advantage of the above-mentioned optimized flow path over traditional technology is that the optimized flow path scheme, which combines a fine channel with a peristaltic pump and / or a shut-off valve, can achieve high-precision volume control and delivery, and has high working efficiency, very low cost, and can be flexibly combined (in series, serial or parallel).

[0130] III. Combined Flow Path Scheme As described above, each basic flow path includes five elements: a first port K1, a second port K2, a first branch 11, a second branch 12, and a bifurcation point a. Depending on different operating conditions and liquid inlet requirements, these various types of basic flow paths can be combined in different ways to obtain different combined flow path schemes.

[0131] For ease of explanation, this application specifies the naming definitions for various access methods of basic flow paths to main and branch lines. The name consists of three parts connected by a "-" sign, such as "1-K1-B". The specific naming definitions are as follows: The first part, the name, indicates the basic flow path used, such as... Figures 1A to 1E If one of the basic flow paths is used, then that part is named "1". Figure 2 If the basic flow path is defined as "2", then this part is named "2", and so on. It should be noted that since there are five variations of the basic flow path in Figure 1, but the principle is the same, we use the "1A-basic type" flow path as an example. In combined flow paths, we generally use "1" for unified naming unless otherwise specified.

[0132] The second part of the name identifies the connection point between the basic flow path and the main branch. For example, if the connection point is the first port K1, the name of this part is "K1"; if the connection point is the second port K2, the name of this part is "K2"; if the connection point is a branch point a, the name of this part is "a". And so on.

[0133] Part Three identifies how each type of basic flow path is merged into the main branch. The different merging methods are defined as follows: Type A indicates that each basic flow path is independent and connected to the main branch in parallel, and is identified as "A", such as... Figure 11A and Figure 11B As shown, Figure 11C The example only illustrates one basic flow path, but it is understood that multiple basic flow paths can be connected in parallel. Type P indicates that each type of combined flow path is independent and connected in parallel to the main branch, but a peristaltic pump B needs to be installed on the main branch to better drive fluid metering and liquid inlet. This type of combined flow path is identified as "P". Figure 12 As shown; Type B indicates that the first branch 11 of the basic flow path of the same or different types is combined and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the first port K1 or the second port K2. This type of combined flow path is identified as "B". Figures 13A to 13D As shown; Type C indicates that the second branch 12 of the basic flow path of the same or different types is combined and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the first port K1 or the second port K2. This type of combined flow path is identified as "C", such as Figures 14A to 14C As shown; Type BC indicates that the first branch 11 of the same or different basic flow paths is combined and shared, and the second branch 12 is also combined and shared. It then connects to the main branch through the first port K1 or the second port K2. This type of combined flow path is identified as "BC". Figures 15A to 15D As shown; Type H indicates that the intersection point 'a' of various basic flow paths is combined and shared, and the main branch is directly connected through point 'a'. A peristaltic pump or shut-off valve is connected in series on the main branch; or, one or more of the first or second branches in the basic flow path are directly used as the main branch; this type of combined flow path is identified as "H", as shown in Figure 16.

[0134] It should be noted that the designations such as A, B, C, BC, P, and H are only used to distinguish different flow path schemes and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. The above-mentioned flow path scheme naming method also applies to the flow path schemes shown in other figures of this application.

[0135] It should be noted that in all types of combined flow paths, the intersection point 'a' can physically be either a point in the flow path or a segment of the flow path. Furthermore, to more conveniently and concisely display the topology of each combined flow path connecting to the main branch, this application divides the main branches in each diagram into segments (three rows) for separate display. It should also be noted that these main branches can also be formed by a single connected main branch as needed.

[0136] The structural composition and connection relationships of various types of combined flow paths are described below. For the sake of brevity, this application only schematically illustrates one or two basic flow paths for some combined flow paths. It should be noted that in application, there can be designs with more basic flow paths. In addition, in the combined flow path scheme, there can be one or more main branches. These variations are all within the protection scope of this application.

[0137] 3.1 Type A combined flow path: A type A combined flow path is defined as follows: each basic flow path is independent of the others, but they are connected to a higher-level main branch through their first port K1 or second port K2, thus forming a combined flow path that can be used for parallel liquid inflow (and also for liquid outflow). One port of this main branch is closed, and the other port serves as a common outlet for the liquid transported by each basic flow path, such as... Figures 11A to 11C As shown.

[0138] Figures 11A-11C The following are examples of using Figure 1 to... Figure 6 The diagram shows a partial combination of basic flow paths connected in parallel to the same main branch.

[0139] For example, "1-K1-A type" means that the basic flow path in Figure 1 is connected to the main branch through the first port K1; "1-K2-A type" means that the basic flow path in Figure 1 is connected to the main branch through the second port K2; and "2-K1-A type" means... Figure 2 The basic flow path in the middle is connected to the main branch through the first port K1, and so on.

[0140] For example, such as Figures 11A to 11C As shown, it can be Figures 1A to 1E One of the basic flow paths shown has its first port K1. Figures 1A to 1E One of the basic flow paths shown is the second port K2 and Figure 2 The first port K1 of the basic flow path shown is independently connected to the same main flow path; alternatively, the first port K1 of each flow path can be connected to the same main flow path. Figure 3 The first port K1 (or the second port K2) of the basic flow path shown. Figure 4 The first port K1 of the basic flow path shown is... Figure 4 The second port K2 of the basic flow path shown is connected to the same main flow path; or alternatively, one can choose... Figure 6 The second port K2 of the shown basic flow path and the first or second ports (not shown) of other basic flow paths are connected to the same main flow path. Each of the above basic flow paths can be independently fed according to its aforementioned metering and feeding steps.

[0141] Meanwhile, the “1-K1-A type”, “2-K1-A type”, “3-K1-A type”, “3-K2-A type”, “4-K1-A type” and “6-K2-A type” are equipped with a liquid detector S on the branch pipe connected to the main branch for metering positioning or to detect whether the liquid has reached the detection position, so as to ensure that the liquid does not enter the main branch according to the working conditions during metering.

[0142] Understandably, in Figures 11A to 11C The combined flow path scheme shown is only one Figures 1A to 1E as well as Figures 2 to 6 The basic flow paths shown are only a portion of all possible arrangements and combinations, and the scope of protection of this application covers all such arrangements and combinations. For example, N basic flow paths can be connected to the same trunk flow path, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1. Each basic flow path can choose its own feasible first port K1 or second port K2 to connect to the same trunk flow path. It is also understood that the basic flow paths are not limited to those shown in Figures 1 to 12. Figure 6 The basic flow path scheme shown can also be selected Figures 7 to 10 The basic flow path scheme is shown.

[0143] It is understood that, as stated above, although this application emphasizes the use of fine channels, this does not mean excluding other non-fine channel devices that can form the various complex combinations of channels in this application. Without affecting the achievement of the invention's purpose, fine channels may not be used; instead, at least locally, larger diameter conduits may be employed, such as... Figure 11C As shown, when it is necessary to make up a conventional volume of more than, for example, 2 ml, the first branch 11 of the "6-K2-A type" can use a coarse volume tube to increase the liquid inlet or outlet speed, thereby improving the overall processing or detection speed of the device.

[0144] The advantage of the Type A combined flow path is that the water samples or reagents connected to each basic flow path can be metered simultaneously, which can greatly improve the overall processing efficiency or detection speed of the device.

[0145] 3.2 P-type combined flow path In a preferred embodiment, to facilitate liquid flow, at least one peristaltic pump B can be installed in the main flow path of the type A combined flow path, such as... Figure 12 As shown. This application names this type of combined flow path as "P-type combined flow path". Figure 12 Two combined flow paths, "5-K2-P type" and "6-K2-P type," are listed. Due to the presence of peristaltic pump B in the main flow path, the fluid flow in the basic flow path can be better controlled not only by gravity or other pumps, but also by the peristaltic pump B in the main flow path. This is understandable. Figure 12This is merely an illustrative example; other basic flow paths of varying numbers can also be selected, and each basic flow path can choose its own first port K1 or second port K2 to connect to the same main flow path. In this case, the peristaltic pump B in the P-type main flow path needs to work in conjunction with the respective peristaltic pumps and shut-off valves in the basic flow paths to better deliver the liquid in the flow path according to the set requirements.

[0146] 3.3 Type B Combined Flow Path: The definition of a Type B combined flow path is as follows: The first branches 11 of the same basic flow paths are merged and shared, and then connected to a higher-level main branch through either the shared first port K1 or a separate second port K2 (K2'), thus forming a combined flow path that can be used for parallel liquid inflow (and also for liquid outflow). One port of this main branch is closed, and the other port serves as a common outlet for the liquid being transported in each Type B combined flow path, such as... Figures 13A to 13D As shown.

[0147] Figures 13A to 13D The list of uses Figures 1A to 1E and Figures 2 to 6 The various basic flow paths shown are combined and combined according to the above rules, and then connected in parallel to the same main branch through the first port K1 or the second port K2.

[0148] For example, "1-K1-B type" means Figures 1A-1E The basic flow path in the middle has its first branch 11 merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the first port K1; "1-K2-B type" refers to Figures 1A-1E The basic flow path in the middle has its first branch 11 merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the second port K2; "4-K1-B type" means Figure 4 The basic flow path in the middle has its first branch 11 merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the first port K1; "4-K2-B type" refers to Figure 4 The basic flow path in the middle has its first branch 11 merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the second port K2; "6-K2-B type" refers to Figure 6 The basic flow path in the middle is shared by its first branch 11, and then connected to the main branch through the second port K2; and so on.

[0149] Each of the above basic flow paths can be fed liquid according to its aforementioned metering and feeding principle and steps. However, when one of the flow paths is working, except for the devices on the first branch 11 that works together, the devices on the other basic flow paths should be in a stationary state (peristaltic pump stationary, shut-off valve closed). This will not be elaborated further here.

[0150] In a preferred embodiment, each type B combined flow path may be equipped with a liquid detector S on the branch pipe connected to the main flow branch for metering positioning or to detect whether the liquid has reached the detection position, so as to ensure that the liquid does not enter the main flow branch during metering according to the working conditions (in some cases, the main flow branch can also be regarded as the extension of the first branch or the second branch (applicable to all embodiments of this application)).

[0151] Understandably, in Figures 13A to 13D The combined flow path schemes shown are only some of the implementation methods formed by combining the basic flow paths shown in the illustrations according to the type B combined flow path scheme. It is to be understood that this application is not limited to this, and the scope of protection of this application covers all permutations and combinations of various basic flow paths. For example, the basic flow paths used to implement the combined flow path are not limited to... Figures 1A-1E and Figures 2 to 6 The basic flow path scheme shown can also be selected Figures 7 to 10 The basic flow path scheme shown can also be selected if it is not shown in the diagram.

[0152] Compared to the combined flow paths of type A and type P, the beneficial effect of the combined flow path of type B is that it reduces the number of peristaltic pumps or shut-off valves, thereby saving costs and improving stability.

[0153] 3.4 Type C combined flow path: The definition of a type C combined flow path is as follows: Second branches 12 of the same type of basic flow path are merged and shared, and then connected to a higher-level main branch through either an independent first port K1 (K1') or a shared second port K2, thus forming a combined flow path that can be used for liquid inlet (and outlet). One port of this main branch is closed, and the other port serves as a common outlet for the liquid transported by each type C combined flow path, such as... Figures 14A to 14C As shown.

[0154] Figures 14A to 14C The list of uses Figures 1A-1E and Figures 2 to 6 The various basic flow paths shown are combined and combined according to the above rules, and then connected in parallel to the same main branch through the first port K1 or the second port K2.

[0155] For example, "1-K1-C type" means the basic flow path in Figure 1, where the second branch 12 is merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the first port K1; "1-K2-C type" refers to... Figure 1A The basic flow path in the middle has its second branch 12 merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the second port K2; "4-K2-C type" means Figure 4 The basic flow path in the middle is shared by its second branch 12, and then connected to the main branch through the second port K2; and so on.

[0156] Each of the above-mentioned basic flow paths can be fed liquid according to its aforementioned metering and feeding principle and steps. However, when one of the flow paths is working, except for the devices on the first branch 11 that works together, the devices on the other basic flow paths should be in a stationary state (peristaltic pump stationary, shut-off valve closed). This will not be elaborated further here.

[0157] Meanwhile, each C-type combined flow path can be equipped with a liquid detector S on the branch pipe connected to the main flow branch for metering positioning or to detect whether the liquid has reached the detection position, ensuring that the liquid will not enter the main flow branch according to the working conditions during metering.

[0158] Understandably, in Figures 14A to 14C The combined flow path scheme shown is only one Figures 1A-1E and Figures 2 to 6 The shown basic flow paths are part of the most practically feasible flow paths formed by combining C-type combined flow paths, and the scope of protection of this application covers all its permutations and combinations. For example, the basic flow paths used to implement combined flow paths are not limited to... Figures 1A-1E and Figures 2 to 6 The basic flow path scheme shown can also be selected Figures 7 to 10 The basic flow path scheme shown can also be selected if it is not shown in the diagram.

[0159] It should be noted that the "1-K1-C type" combined flow path has two or more access points to the main branch: K1 and K1'. These two points can be different locations connecting to the same main branch (e.g., Figures 14A to 14C As shown in the figure, it can also be distributed and connected to different trunk branches (not shown).

[0160] Compared to the A-type and P-type combined flow paths, the C-type combined flow path has the advantage of reducing the number of peristaltic pumps or shut-off valves, thereby saving costs and improving stability.

[0161] 3.5 BC type combined flow path: The definition of a BC-type combined flow path is as follows: the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 of the same basic flow path are merged and shared, and then connected to a higher-level main branch through the merged and shared first port K1 or the merged and shared second port K2, thus forming a combined flow path that can be used for liquid inlet (and also for liquid outlet). One port of this main branch is closed, and the other port is used as a common outlet for the liquid transported by each BC-type combined flow path, such as... Figures 15A to 15D As shown.

[0162] Figures 15A to 15D The list of uses Figures 1A-1E and Figures 2 to 6 The various basic flow paths shown are combined and combined according to the above rules, and then connected in parallel to the same main branch through the first port K1 or the second port K2.

[0163] For example, "1-K1-BC type" means Figures 1A-1E One of the basic flow paths, its first branch 11 and second branch 12 are merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the first port K1; "1-K2-BC type" refers to the basic flow path in Figure 1, where its first branch 11 and second branch 12 are merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the second port K2; "4-K1-BC type" means Figure 4 In the basic flow path, the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 are merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the first port K1; "4-K2-BC type" refers to Figure 4 In the basic flow path, the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 are merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the second port K2; "6-K2-BC type" refers to Figure 6 The basic flow path in the middle, its first branch 11 and second branch 12 are merged and shared, and then connected to the main branch through the second port K2; and so on.

[0164] in, Figures 15A to 15C The combined flow path shown is a combination of two different types of variants of the "1-basic type". The devices connected in series in the flow pipeline are a peristaltic pump and a shut-off valve, and their shut-off effect is the same.

[0165] Each of the above-mentioned basic flow paths can be fed liquid according to its aforementioned metering and feeding principle and steps. However, when one of the flow paths is working, except for the devices on the first branch 11 that works together, the devices on the other basic flow paths should be in a stationary state (peristaltic pump stationary, shut-off valve closed). This will not be elaborated further here.

[0166] Meanwhile, each BC-type combined flow path can be equipped with a liquid detector S on the branch pipe connected to the main flow branch for metering positioning or to detect whether the liquid has reached the detection position, ensuring that the liquid will not enter the main flow branch according to the working conditions during metering.

[0167] Understandably, in Figures 15A to 15D The combined flow path scheme shown is only one Figures 1A-1E and Figures 2 to 6 The implementation shown is based on a combination of BC-type combined flow paths, and the scope of protection of this application covers all its permutations and combinations. It is also understood that, for example, the basic flow paths used to implement the combined flow paths are not limited to... Figures 1A-1E and Figures 2 to 6 The basic flow path scheme shown can also be selected Figures 7 to 10 The basic flow path scheme shown can also be selected if it is not shown in the diagram.

[0168] Compared with the combined flow paths of type A, type P, type B, and type C, the beneficial effect of the combined flow path of type BC is that it more effectively reduces the number of peristaltic pumps or shut-off valves, thereby saving costs and improving stability.

[0169] 3.5 H-type combined flow path: The definition of an H-type combined flow path is as follows: the intersection point 'a' of various basic flow paths is merged and shared, directly connecting to the main branch through point 'a'. A peristaltic pump or shut-off valve is connected in series on this main branch; alternatively, one or more first or second branches of the basic flow paths are directly used as the main branch. In an H-type combined flow path, a peristaltic pump or shut-off valve is connected in series on all flow branches of the basic flow paths, first branch 11, and second branch 12, and at least one peristaltic pump is required. Among all the aforementioned first branches 11 and second branches 12, some first branches 11 or second branches 12 are used as constant volume metering conduits, while others first branches 11 or second branches 12, or the aforementioned main branch, can be used as liquid outlets, as shown in Figure 16. Through the above combination rules, multiple combined flow paths that can be flexibly combined for liquid inlet (and also for liquid outlet) can be formed.

[0170] Figure 16A Two H-type combined flow paths are shown, both of which use the basic flow path in Figure 1 and combine the intersection point a. The difference is that the flow path on the left has a peristaltic pump connected in series on the main branch, while the flow path on the right has a shut-off valve connected in series on the main branch.

[0171] Figure 16B This demonstrates a more complex H-type combined flow path, where, in addition to the three flow branches at the bottom, each branch at the top can be used as a constant volume metering tube or a liquid output outlet.

[0172] Each of the above-mentioned basic flow paths can be fed liquid according to its aforementioned metering and feeding principle and steps. However, when one of the flow paths is working, except for the devices on a certain first branch 11 or a certain second branch that work together, the devices on the other basic flow paths should be in a stationary state (peristaltic pump stationary, shut-off valve closed). This will not be elaborated further here.

[0173] Compared with the A, P, B, C, and BC type combined flow paths, the biggest advantage of the H type combined flow path is its flexible combination. It can use the fewest components to measure and deliver liquids to different ports (such as multiple reactors / vessels) for subsequent processing after being volumetrically metered according to different specifications.

[0174] The various combinations of the basic flow path in this application have been described in detail above. During operation, liquid in each container can be extracted in a predetermined volume segment, either simultaneously or selectively from one or more containers. Finally, the liquid is ejected sequentially or simultaneously from the selected port. Therefore, the various combinations of the basic flow path described above can accurately and quantitatively extract liquid from multiple different containers simultaneously or in a predetermined order, and then deliver the precisely extracted quantitative liquid. Furthermore, due to the combination of the basic flow path, the number of components used can be greatly reduced, thereby lowering the overall cost.

[0175] In addition, as mentioned above, Figures 11A to 11C and Figures 12 to 16A and Figure 16B Various types of combined flow path schemes based on basic flow paths are illustrated by example. The basic flow paths used to implement combined flow paths are not limited to... Figures 1A to 1E and Figures 2 to 6 The basic flow path scheme shown can also be selected Figures 7 to 10 The basic flow path scheme shown can also be selected from those not illustrated. All possible combinations of these basic flow paths are within the scope of this application.

[0176] In addition, it should be noted that the various liquid inlet and / or liquid outlet in the above-mentioned combined flow paths can be implemented according to the liquid inlet and / or liquid outlet methods of various types of basic flow paths, and therefore these variations are all within the scope of this application.

[0177] IV. Application Flow Path Scheme The application flow path scheme includes a (reaction) vessel 100 for reaction processing and / or detection and analysis, and has a top opening at the top and / or a bottom opening at the bottom. Alternatively, individual openings may be omitted, allowing individual basic flow paths and / or combined flow paths to enter the reactor / vessel 100 through the top, middle, and / or bottom.

[0178] To inject a predetermined liquid sample (with an accurate volume) into vessel 100 for reaction processing and / or analysis, the aforementioned basic flow path scheme and / or combined flow path scheme can be connected to vessel 100. Depending on the application conditions, the connection can be made at the bottom opening, or at both the bottom and top openings, or at the bottom opening and the middle of vessel 100. In other words, the bottom, top, or middle of vessel 100 can all serve as connection points. Preferably, a peristaltic pump or shut-off valve is connected to the bottom opening of vessel 100 to maintain the reaction liquid within vessel 100 or to drain the liquid after the reaction is complete.

[0179] like Figure 17 As shown, the apparatus (application flow path) for quantitative liquid processing has a vessel 100 for reaction processing and / or detection analysis, and has a top opening at the top. This top opening is simultaneously connected to various basic flow paths or various combined flow paths (or suitable combinations thereof). Each container of the various basic flow paths or various combined flow paths can be used to hold different liquids, such as distilled water, water samples to be tested, standard liquids, shielding agents, color developers, cleaning solutions, etc. A peristaltic pump or shut-off valve is connected to the bottom of the reactor / vessel 100, preferably a peristaltic pump that can be driven in both directions (for downward liquid discharge and upward agitation of the liquid, respectively).

[0180] like Figure 18 As shown, the device for quantitative liquid processing (application flow path) has a vessel 100 for reaction processing and / or detection analysis, and has a top opening at the top and a bottom opening at the bottom. The top and bottom openings simultaneously connect to various basic flow paths or various combined flow paths (or suitable combinations thereof). Each vessel in each basic flow path or combined flow path can be used to hold different liquids, such as distilled water, water samples to be tested, standard liquids, shielding agents, colorimetric agents, cleaning solutions, etc.

[0181] like Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, the device (application flow path) for quantitative liquid processing has a vessel 100 for reaction processing and / or detection analysis, and has a top opening at the top and a bottom opening at the bottom. The bottom opening connects to various basic flow paths or various combined flow paths (or suitable combinations thereof). Alternatively, the reactor / vessel 100 may not have an opening, but at least one combined flow path connects to the reactor / vessel at both the top and bottom. Each container of the various basic flow paths or various combined flow paths can be used to hold different liquids, such as distilled water, water samples to be tested, standard liquids, shielding agents, color developers, cleaning solutions, etc. When the bottom opening connects to a basic flow path or a combined flow path, the container P can be used not only to hold waste liquid but also to hold cleaning solution, and introducing the cleaning solution into the vessel 100 facilitates the cleaning operation of the vessel 100.

[0182] like Figure 20 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a basic reaction flow path is formed around a reactor / vessel 100. Multiple basic reaction flow paths can be connected at their bottoms, sharing one or more drain outlets, thereby allowing multiple reactors / vessels 100 to operate simultaneously, greatly improving operational efficiency. Figure 23As shown, at least one peristaltic pump or shut-off valve must be connected in series on each connection channel between adjacent reactors / vessels to control the on / off state of the connection lines.

[0183] Guided by the above-mentioned basic or combined flow paths and the connection method with the reactor / vessel 100, numerous application flow path combination schemes for equipment used for quantitative liquid processing can be formed.

[0184] like Figures 21 to 23 These are all exemplary embodiments in which a basic flow path or a combined flow path scheme is connected to the top opening of the reactor / vessel 100. In this embodiment, different types of liquids (such as water samples, shielding agents, color developers, etc.) can be introduced into the vessel 100 from above relatively independently, thereby avoiding cross-contamination of water samples and reagents.

[0185] Figure 21 The left side of the flow path uses a combination flow path of type "1-K1-BC" to meter and feed distilled water and water samples, entering from the top of reactor / vessel 100; simultaneously, the right side uses a combination flow path of type "4-K1-B" to feed liquid from the top of reactor / vessel 100. A peristaltic pump or shut-off valve is connected to the bottom of reactor / vessel 100, preferably a peristaltic pump that can be driven in both directions (for downward drainage and upward aeration). The advantages of this design are its simple principle, concise structure, high metering accuracy, and the ability to simultaneously meter and prepare water samples and reagents, saving time. Furthermore, the feeding of water samples and reagents does not interfere with each other, preventing cross-contamination.

[0186] Figure 22 The flow path is Figure 21 Based on the existing flow path, a "4-K1-BC" type combined flow path was used to replace the previous one. Figure 24 A peristaltic pump or shut-off valve is connected to the bottom of reactor / vessel 100. Simultaneously, two flow lines are connected at node b, one for discharging waste liquid and the other for metering the inlet of cleaning solution. The design also includes a liquid detector Sb connected in series on the pipeline at the bottom of reactor / vessel 100. This liquid detector, in conjunction with the peristaltic pump below, enables liquid dilution.

[0187] The specific operating procedure is as follows: First, the water sample is introduced into reactor / vessel 100. Then, peristaltic pump Bb1 is used to drain the liquid until the last liquid just passes the liquid detector Sb. At this point, drainage is stopped, and peristaltic pump Bb1 or Bb2 reverses to return the fixed volume of liquid to reactor / vessel 100. Next, peristaltic pump Bbn begins to introduce distilled water. The volume of the introduced liquid can be determined by the liquid detector Sb in conjunction with the inlet time of peristaltic pump Bbn. Finally, peristaltic pump Bb1 or Bb2 reverses to blow all the diluent above node b into reactor / vessel 100, completing the dilution of the original water sample. Figure 21 compared to, Figure 22This paper describes a flow path topology and dilution method for diluting water samples based on the flow path construction concept of this application.

[0188] Figure 23 The left side of the flow path uses a "1A-basic type" basic flow path to meter and feed the water sample, entering from the top of reactor / vessel 100. Simultaneously, the right side uses two "4-basic type" basic flow paths to feed the sample from the top of reactor / vessel 100. The bottom of reactor / vessel 100 is connected to a peristaltic pump or a shut-off valve, preferably a peristaltic pump that can be driven in both directions (allowing for downward drainage and upward aeration to stir the liquid, respectively). Figure 21 Compared to other flow paths, the advantage of this design is the complete separation of the two reagents on the right, eliminating any possibility of cross-contamination.

[0189] like Figures 24 to 27 As shown, all configurations connect the basic or combined flow path to the bottom opening of the reactor / vessel 100. In this embodiment, different types of liquids (such as water samples, shielding agents, color developers, etc.) can be introduced into the vessel 100 relatively independently from below, and waste liquid can be received and cleaned. The advantages of this design are: devices with the same function, such as peristaltic pumps, shut-off valves, and liquid detectors, on different combined branches can be used together. For example, pumps for draining or blowing, distilled water pumps for cleaning, liquid detectors for detecting liquids, etc., can simplify the flow path and save costs. In addition, the method of entering and draining liquids from the bottom of the reactor / vessel 100 is also very beneficial for cleaning each pipeline, resulting in high cleaning efficiency, saving cleaning water, and reducing the number of air vents and exhaust ports.

[0190] like Figure 24 The flow path shown is to Figure 22 The “4-K1-BC” type combined flow path with liquid inlet on the left side of the top of the flow path reactor / vessel 100 and the “4-K1-B” type combined flow path with liquid inlet on the right side are moved to the bottom of the reactor / vessel 100 for liquid inlet.

[0191] Figure 25 This paper presents a flow path that allows for a simpler liquid inlet function without reducing the amount of water sample and reagents. The flow path consists of a "4-K1-BC type" combined flow path connected to the reactor / vessel. Points b to a form a shared first branch, used as the output port for water samples or reagents. The branch connected to the series peristaltic pump Bd at point d is a shared second branch, used for draining liquid or pumping air into the main flow path to push the metered liquid into the reactor / vessel 100. The multiple branches containing peristaltic pumps Bc, Brn, Br1, and Bb form flow passages. Different metering principles and liquid inlet procedures of this combined flow path are discussed below. Figure 4 Basic flow path and Figure 15B The BC-type combined flow path has been explained in the introduction.

[0192] In all application flow paths of this application, the constant volume during liquid inlet can be achieved by controlling the speed and time of each inlet peristaltic pump, or by controlling the positioning of the liquid section head at a certain position near the liquid detector S. Figure 25 ), for example in Figure 25 , Figure 26 In the process, the liquid detector S between node a and node b can be used to accurately determine the volume of the liquid, or to provide an early warning judgment as to whether the liquid has passed through the point when the instrument is running.

[0193] exist Figure 26 In order to more accurately measure and measure the volume of liquid, the liquid from point f to point a and above can be discharged into the waste liquid tank through the waste liquid branch by using a series peristaltic pump Bf connected to point f. In this case, the right end position of the accurate liquid volume measurement is determined by the position of the physical node f. Figure 26 This connection structure is shown.

[0194] To make more flexible use of the physical space between nodes on the main stream and branches to perform volumetric operations on the liquid to be intercepted, designers can add some branches on the main stream and branches that connect to air or liquid, so as to intercept different micro-liquid volumes with high precision. Figure 27 An example is shown where the designer added a new branch at point e between the reagent branch and the distilled water branch, which connects to air or is used for flushing water discharge, in order to minimize cross-contamination between reagents and water samples (standard solution and distilled water).

[0195] To completely avoid cross-contamination between reagents and water samples (standard solution and distilled water), and to allow for simultaneous injection of water samples and reagents. Figure 28 An example is shown where all reagent outlets are moved to the top inlet of reactor / dish 100.

[0196] Below, we will use Figure 27 Taking this as an example, the basic principles and processes of metering, liquid inlet, stirring, liquid outlet, and dilution in this type of flow path are explained. It should be noted that... Figures 25 to 28 The corresponding principles and processes of other flow paths are similar, so the working process of similar application flow paths will not be described in detail.

[0197] Figure 27The high-precision liquid injection metering process is as follows: If a water sample needs to be injected, the peristaltic pump Bb first rotates counterclockwise. The water sample passes through the liquid detector S, and after overflushing a certain volume, it stops. Then, the peristaltic pump Bb comes to a standstill, and the peristaltic pump Bf rotates clockwise for a short while to suck the excess overflushing liquid outside point f into the waste liquid outlet for discharge. This completes a high-precision injection of a micro-volume (e.g., 0.05-2 ml). Of course, we can also use the colorimetric detector G in reactor / vessel 100 to complete the fixed-volume metering of large liquid volumes (when the liquid level reaches the horizontal line of the optical axis at point G, the device detects a signal, thus completing the positioning metering). Then, the peristaltic pumps Bb and Bf come to a standstill, and the peristaltic pump Bg or Be rotates counterclockwise to send the liquid between point b and point f into reactor / vessel 100. Other liquids and reagents in the flow path can also be metered and injected in this way. By selecting different water head (referred to as "water head") cutoff points and air blowing points, designers can obtain micro-volume injections of different volumes. By operating in this manner, specific volumes of different liquids from different containers can be pushed into vessel 100 in a predetermined order, thereby allowing for reaction and / or analysis to take place within vessel 100.

[0198] The peristaltic pumps Bg, Be, or Bf, when rotated counterclockwise, can all blow air into the reactor / vessel 100 to agitate the liquid. These three pumps can also serve as outlets for liquid discharge.

[0199] Figure 27 The dilution operation of the liquid in reactor / vessel 100 is performed as follows: First, start the peristaltic pump Bg or Be to drain the liquid. Before the water tail passes point f, the peristaltic pump stops. Then, rotate the peristaltic pump Bf clockwise to drain the excess liquid to be diluted beyond point f. Then, rotate the peristaltic pump Bg or Be counterclockwise to send the intercepted liquid into reactor / vessel 100. Finally, using the aforementioned metering liquid injection mode, distilled water is injected into reactor / vessel 100 using a micro-volume or large-volume injection mode. After blowing air and stirring, the mixture is homogeneous.

[0200] exist Figures 22 to 28 In the combined flow path at the bottom or top of the reactor / vessel 100, at least one peristaltic pump is connected to the atmosphere. Preferably, the peristaltic pump connected to the atmosphere is furthest from the vessel 100 on the common pipeline. Therefore, this peristaltic pump enables precise delivery of reagent containers or vessels on the common pipeline into the reactor / vessel 100.

[0201] In preferred cases, such as Figures 22 to 28As shown, a liquid detector S is installed at a location adjacent to the bottom opening of the common pipeline, thus enabling the capture of a defined volume of liquid between each branch point and the liquid detector S, thereby obtaining a liquid sample with higher precision. The liquid detector can be located anywhere between the intersection point b and the bottom a of the reactor / vessel 100. The advantages of the liquid detector S can be described in detail above.

[0202] Furthermore, in all application flow paths, the arrangement order of each container P relative to the vessel 100 can be selectively designed according to the working procedure. For example, since it is necessary to use air to push various reaction liquids, the peristaltic pump that is directly connected to the atmosphere needs to be furthest away from the vessel 100 compared to the peristaltic pumps connected in series in the passageways of other containers.

[0203] As can be seen from the above description, it is obvious that... Figures 25 to 28 In the implementation scheme shown, the combination of basic flow paths has achieved a high degree of dynamic integration. For example... Figure 26 As shown, the reaction flow path also includes a waste liquid container Pf, which is a container open to the atmosphere and has a waste liquid pipeline extending outward from the inside of the waste liquid container Pf. A peristaltic pump Bf is connected in series in the waste liquid pipeline. Preferably, the peristaltic pump in the waste liquid pipeline is connected to the portion between point b and the bottom opening a (in Figure 26 At the bifurcation point f), the liquid detector (S) is located near the bifurcation point f. Figure 26 As shown, the leftmost peristaltic pump is directly connected to the atmosphere, allowing air to be introduced into the common pipeline. Meanwhile, the waste liquid container Pf and its peristaltic pump Bf are dedicated to receiving waste liquid, thus avoiding interference with the introduction of air; moreover, because the waste liquid container Pf is close to the vessel 100, it allows for localized drainage, improving efficiency and preventing waste liquid contamination. The characteristics of the waste liquid container Pf can also be applied to other suitable application flow paths.

[0204] exist Figure 27In the illustrated embodiment, an air / rinsing water outlet container is also added for dilution. The dilution method in the flow path of this application is flexible; besides the aforementioned dilution scheme, different operations can also be used to achieve the dilution function. Specifically, for the liquid to be diluted in container 100, firstly, with other peristaltic pumps stationary, the peristaltic pump of the air / rinsing water outlet container is rotated to draw the liquid to be diluted into the air / rinsing water outlet container. At this time, the liquid to be diluted fills the space between the air / rinsing water outlet and the bottom opening a. Then, the other peristaltic pumps are turned off, and only the peristaltic pump of the waste liquid container is rotated, thereby discharging the liquid to be diluted between the intersection f and the bottom opening a into the waste liquid. At this time, the liquid to be diluted fills the space between the air / rinsing water outlet and f. Then, the other peristaltic pumps are turned off, and only the leftmost peristaltic pump is operated, using air to push the liquid to be diluted between the intersection e and f into container 100. Distilled water is then drawn into container 100, thereby completing the dilution process of the liquid to be diluted.

[0205] Figure 29 Shown in Figures 26 to 28 Based on the previous design, a "4-K2-BC type" combined flow path was adopted to replace the original separate inlet branches for water sample, standard solution, and distilled water. Since the first branch from c1 to Kc is shared, the inlet volumes of water sample, standard solution, and distilled water are consistent, and cross-contamination with reagents is less likely. If a larger volume of liquid needs to be measured, the c1-Kc conduit for volume determination can be replaced with a branch consisting of a thicker tube connected in series in the middle. The thicker tube must open upwards and its outlet must be higher than the bifurcation point c1 to ensure that liquid does not flow out of the outlet of the thicker tube.

[0206] Figure 30 It is Figure 29 The combined flow path for the water sample, standard solution, and distilled water inlet has been moved to the tail end of the main flow path (the far left end relative to reactor / plate 100). This configuration allows the Kc port to be used directly as an air port and a drain outlet for flushing water, while placing the water sample, standard solution, and distilled water at the far left end facilitates the metering of larger volumes of water sample, standard solution, and distilled water. The adjustment of the position of this similar basic or combined flow path on the main flow path can take many forms, not limited to the specific form shown in the figure; all these variations are within the scope of this application.

[0207] Figure 31 and Figure 32 They are respectively to Figure 29 and Figure 30 The "4-K2-BC type" combined flow path of the main branch has been replaced with another flow path, and the new flow path type of the main branch is "1-K1-P type". Its liquid inlet method and process can be found in the foregoing description of this application.

[0208] Figures 25 to 32The characteristic of the application flow path is that the first branch 11 and / or the second branch 12 that are matched with each inlet and outlet liquid port are combined and shared, so that the number of devices (peristaltic pump, shut-off valve or liquid detector) used in the application flow path is reduced as much as possible, thereby simplifying the flow path and reducing costs.

[0209] exist Figures 25 to 32 In the application flow path, because a common volumetric branch tube is used, all reagents can only be made to volume sequentially in the common volumetric branch tube before being sent to reactor / plate 100. To accelerate the metering and liquid injection speed, this application also proposes several concurrent metering application flow paths that enable rapid analysis.

[0210] Figure 33 Is Figure 29 Based on this, the flow paths for reagents 1 to n were replaced with a "4-basic type" flow path (N of the above reagent inlet flow paths constitute a "4-K2-BC" combined flow path). The biggest advantage of this type of flow path is that it can achieve concurrent metering and volume determination of water samples and various reagents, and then rapidly inject them sequentially according to process requirements. Similarly, it can also achieve simultaneous cleaning of each branch, thus greatly saving the instrument's total cycle detection time.

[0211] It should be noted that the outlet of the first branch 11 of each of the above-mentioned reagent "4-basic type" flow paths still returns to the reagent bottle container P. This has the advantage that the reagent pumped out by the peristaltic pump returns to the reagent bottle, saving reagent and eliminating the influence of air bubbles that might have been present in the tubing (such as narrow channels). By increasing the rotation time of the peristaltic pump, the stability and high precision of the entire liquid inlet system are ensured. This structural feature and its beneficial effects are applicable to all flow paths submitted in this application.

[0212] Figure 34 This demonstrates another practical application flow path, in which the water sample, standard solution, and distilled water are metered and brought to volume in parallel on their respective first branches via a "4-basic type" flow path, and then connected to a higher-level "4-basic type" flow path, ultimately connecting to the bottom of reactor / vessel 100. The reagents are connected to the top opening of reactor / vessel 100 in the same manner. The advantage of this flow path is that each liquid is metered and fed in independently, resulting in rapid inflow, especially during dilution, as distilled water for dilution is already prepared. To further reduce the number of components, the peristaltic pumps for the "air / rinse water drain" on the upper and lower main branches of this application flow path can be omitted; air or rinse water can be discharged directly from ports such as Kb / Kc / Kd.

[0213] Figure 35 This illustrates an application flow path that utilizes a shut-off valve assembly (F3, F4, ..., Fn within the dashed boxes) and a peristaltic pump Bc2, functionally replacing... Figure 33The valve assembly connects to multiple branch lines of the peristaltic pump at the lower end of point C1. This shut-off valve assembly can also be replaced by an N-to-1 multi-channel switching valve.

[0214] Figure 36 It shows a kind of Figure 33 This system expands the application flow path to include multiple detection indicators. In this flow path, reagents for four different detection indicators (COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen) are connected to the main flow path below the reactor / vessel via different nodes h, g, t, and r. The reactor / vessel 100 is shared by all four indicators. The inlet channels for water sample, standard solution, and distilled water connect to the main flow path below the reactor / vessel from point C. The drain and air pumping are driven by peristaltic pumps Bf and Bq, which are also shared. This application flow path can be easily expanded to achieve time-sharing sequential detection of four indicators at low cost by simply adding a few more peristaltic pumps and their controllers.

[0215] Figure 37 The flow path will Figure 36 The distilled water branch in the flow path is separated into a "4-basic" flow path structure. During the dilution operation, it can be used to pre-measure and adjust the volume of distilled water for the diluent, which can reduce the preparation time for the dilution operation.

[0216] exist Figure 38 In the reactor / vessel 100, the main body connected to the bottom is a "5-K2-P type" (or "6-K2-P type") combined flow path. At each intersection (b, c, d, e, r, rn), a "5-basic type" flow path (or "6-basic type") is connected. There is an "air / rinsing water / waste liquid drain" on the left and right sides of the flow path to achieve rapid liquid inlet and outlet and to complete dilution. It should be noted that the peristaltic pump B at the bottom of the reactor / vessel 100 can also be located on the top-connected pipeline.

[0217] like Figure 38 As exemplified, the application flow includes: A common pipeline GL, on which multiple devices for metering liquid are connected in parallel, wherein at least one device for metering liquid includes: Containers Pb, Pc, Pd, Pe, Pr, ..., Prn, which are used to hold the liquid to be extracted; A flow passage 10 extends from the inside of the container outward to the bifurcation points b1, c1, d1, e1, r1, ..., rn1. The flow passage 10 is connected in series with peristaltic pumps Bb, Bc, Bd, Be, Br, ..., Brn. The second branch 12, which is connected to the flow path 10 and extends from the bifurcation points b1, c1, d1, e1, r1, ..., rn1 to the second ports b, c, d, e, r, ..., rn, is equipped with shut-off valves Fb, Fc, Fd, Fe, Fr, ..., Frn in series. All the second ports are connected to the common pipeline GL. The first branch 11 is connected to the flow path 10 and extends from the bifurcation points b1, c1, d1, e1, r1, ..., rn1 to the first port Kb, Kc, Kd, ​​Ke leading to the atmosphere.

[0218] Preferably, the first branch and / or the second branch are narrow channels with an inner diameter of 0.05 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 3 mm, and even more preferably 0.2 mm to 2 mm.

[0219] Preferably, at least a portion of the common conduit is a narrow channel.

[0220] Preferably, the flow passage is also a narrow channel; or the flow passage is a narrow channel extending from the bifurcation point b1, c1, d1, e1, r1, ..., rn1 toward the container Pb, Pc, Pd, Pe, Pr, ..., Prn within a predetermined length range, the predetermined length range being at least 0.01 mm.

[0221] Therefore, here we can Figure 38 The illustrated implementation is divided into a combination of multiple basic flow paths. Preferably, the application flow path includes a reactor / vessel 100, to which the common conduit GL is connected. The opening of the common conduit is located at the bottom, middle, or top of the reactor / vessel 100; preferably, as shown below. Figure 38 As shown, the common conduit drips liquid into the reactor / vessel 100 through the top opening; and / or, the liquid in the container is distilled water, cleaning solution, water sample to be tested, standard solution, or reagent. Preferably, the reactor / vessel 100 is equipped with a detector G for detecting the liquid level or volume inside the reactor / vessel 100, which is a dielectric sensor, pressure sensor, or optical sensor.

[0222] To facilitate drainage, the common pipeline GL is connected to the atmosphere via a waste liquid pipeline equipped with a shut-off valve Ff in series. Compared to the second ports b, c, d, e, r, ..., rn of each of the second branches 12 connected to the common pipeline GL, the node f of the waste liquid pipeline on the common pipeline GL is closest to the reactor / vessel 100, thereby avoiding contamination or interference of the liquid to other parts.

[0223] like Figure 38 As shown, preferably, the application flow path further includes a peristaltic pump B, wherein: when the reactor / vessel 100 is an open reactor / vessel, the peristaltic pump B is connected in series between node a and node f on the common pipeline GL, which is connected to the reactor / vessel 100, thereby facilitating the delivery of liquid to the reactor / vessel and the discharge of liquid to the waste liquid pipeline; or when the reactor / vessel 100 is a closed reactor / vessel, the reactor / vessel is connected to the atmosphere through the peristaltic pump B, thereby using the peristaltic pump B to create negative pressure in the reactor / vessel to draw liquid into it.

[0224] In a preferred embodiment, the application flow path for water treatment or testing includes an external branch WZ, wherein the common pipeline GL is connected to the atmosphere via the external branch WZ, which is equipped with a shut-off valve Fq or a peristaltic pump (not shown) in series, for pumping out air and / or discharging liquid.

[0225] The outer branch WZ can be connected to the common conduit GL at a suitable location. Preferably, the outer branch WZ connects to the portion of the common conduit GL between the end furthest from the reactor / vessel 100 and the node of each of the second branches communicating with the container containing the reagent (e.g., the portion between r and e). Alternatively, preferably, the outer branch WZ connects to the portion of the common conduit GL between the end furthest from the reactor / vessel 100 and the node b of the second branch communicating with the container containing distilled water. Most preferably, the outer branch WZ connects to the end of the common conduit GL furthest from the reactor / vessel 100, thereby providing service for the delivery of liquids in each container.

[0226] In order to accurately obtain a predetermined volume of liquid, the application flow path includes a liquid detector S, which is disposed in the portion of the common pipeline GL between the reactor / vessel 100 and the node b of the second branch closest to the reactor / vessel 100.

[0227] like Figure 38 As shown, at least one first port of the first branch of at least a portion of the plurality of devices for quantitative liquid processing leads to the container of the device and is located above the reagent liquid surface within the container, as... Figure 38 The leftmost container shown.

[0228] Figure 38 The examples shown are merely illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on this application. Figure 38 Based on this, various other basic flow paths and / or combined flow paths can be adopted, and these variations are all within the scope of protection of this application.

[0229] Figure 39 It was applied Figure 37 The combination of ideas will Figure 37 All “4-basic” flow paths and “4-K2-A” type combined flow paths are replaced by “5-basic” (or “6-basic”) flow paths and “5-K2-P” (or “6-K2-P”) combined flow paths, respectively.

[0230] In order to achieve the goal of measuring more indicators (requiring more reagents) or realizing more functions with as few devices as possible, for example, in the analyzers for total phosphorus and total nitrogen, one reagent is the same, and the customer wants an instrument with two functions that can measure both total phosphorus and total nitrogen at the same time. Figures 40 to 42 This provides several flow paths to solve the above problems.

[0231] Figure 40 Is Figure 36 Based on the above, another reactor / vessel was added in parallel next to the original reactor / vessel 100 via intersection point c. Each of the two reactors / vessels has a shut-off valve Fc / Fw connected in series on its bottom piping. By controlling the opening and closing of shut-off valves Fc and Fw, the reagents for each indicator connected below the main flow path can be controlled to enter the two different reactors / vessels respectively, thus achieving simultaneous detection of two indicators.

[0232] Figure 41 Is Figure 39 Based on the above, another reactor / vessel was added in parallel next to the original reactor / vessel 100 via intersection point c. A peristaltic pump Bc / Bw is connected in series on the bottom piping of each of the two reactors / vessels. By controlling the operation of the peristaltic pumps Bc / Bw, the reagents for each indicator connected below the main flow path can be controlled to enter the two different reactors / vessels respectively, thus achieving simultaneous detection of two indicators. Alternatively, the peristaltic pumps can be connected in series on the sealed piping at the top of the reactor / vessel. Figure 42 This demonstrates a practical application flow path based on the H-type combined flow path. This flow path can simultaneously detect two indicators, total phosphorus and total nitrogen, using only a few peristaltic pumps, shut-off valves, liquid detectors, and two reactors / plates. Moreover, the reagent port and the ports for water sample, standard solution, and distilled water used for both indicators can be shared.

[0233] Taking water sample measurement as an example, the specific liquid inlet and outlet process is as follows: Before operation, all shut-off valves and peristaltic pumps on all branches are closed or stationary. First, shut-off valve Fe is opened, and peristaltic pump Be1 rotates counterclockwise, allowing the water sample to overflow and be brought to volume in the e-Ke section. Then, peristaltic pump Be1 is closed, and peristaltic pump Bk rotates counterclockwise, drawing the water sample from the e-Ke section into the reactor / vessel on the left. The same method is then used to send the water sample into the reactor / vessel on the right. Next, using a similar method, various reagents are sequentially brought to volume in pipelines (e.g., narrow channels) r-Kr1 or rn-Krn, and drawn into the left and right reactors / vessels to begin reaction detection. After detection, rotating Bx, Bf, Bk, and B1 clockwise (usually the flow rates of Bx and Bf are greater than those of Bk and B1) will drain the liquid.

[0234] like Figures 21 to 42 These are schematic diagrams of the reaction flow paths according to preferred embodiments of this application. The working process can be selected and applied by combining basic flow path and combined flow path schemes. As shown in the accompanying drawings, the arrows in the figures can be used to provide corresponding explanations or to indicate substitutions for adjacent diagrams. Zigzag lines can represent longer pipes. Additionally, some ports can return to container P to conserve liquid during overflow and avoid contaminating the external environment.

[0235] Furthermore, it should be explained that while the working processes of the basic flow paths, combined flow paths, and application flow paths described above are presented in detail, the liquid inlet and outlet processes of each basic flow path are described in detail, and the liquid inlet and outlet processes of each combined flow path and application flow path are described in detail by way of example for certain embodiments. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, based on the liquid inlet and outlet processes of the basic flow paths, various possible embodiments in which the liquid inlet and outlet methods of each basic flow path are fully utilized in combined flow paths and application flow paths and their various modified combinations, and which are carried out simultaneously and / or sequentially, are all within the scope of this application, and are not limited to the embodiments explicitly disclosed in this application and its accompanying drawings.

[0236] The preferred embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of this application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this application (e.g., Figure 43(See the flow path shown). It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not describe the various possible combinations separately. Furthermore, various different embodiments of this application can also be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this application, and should also be considered as the content disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. An application flow path for water treatment or detection, characterized by, The application flow includes: A common conduit (GL) on which multiple devices for metering liquid are connected in parallel, the common conduit (GL) being connected to a reactor / vessel (100), wherein at least one device for metering liquid includes: A container (Pb, Pc, Pd, Pe, Pr, ..., Prn) for holding the liquid to be extracted; A flow passage (10) extends from the inside of the container outward to a bifurcation point (b1, c1, d1, e1, r1, ..., rn1), and a peristaltic pump (Bb, Bc, Bd, Be, Br, ..., Brn) is connected in series in the flow passage (10). A second branch (12) is connected to the flow path (10) and extends from the bifurcation point (b1, c1, d1, e1, r1, ..., rn1) to a second port (b, c, d, e, r, ..., rn). A shut-off valve (Fb, Fc, Fd, Fe, Fr, ..., Frn) is connected in series in the second branch (12). All second ports are connected to the common pipeline (GL). The first branch (11) is connected to the flow path (10) and extends from the bifurcation point (b1, c1, d1, e1, r1, ..., rn1) to the first port (Kb, Kc, Kd, ​​Ke) leading to the atmosphere. The first branch and / or the second branch are narrow channels. The common pipeline (GL) is connected to the atmosphere via a waste liquid pipeline equipped with a shut-off valve (Ff) in series. The node (f) of the waste liquid pipeline on the common pipeline (GL) is closest to the reactor / vessel (100) compared to the second ports (b, c, d, e, r, ..., rn) on which each of the second branches (12) is connected.

2. The flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 1, wherein The inner diameter of this fine channel ranges from 0.05 mm to 5 mm.

3. The flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 2, wherein The flow passage is also a narrow channel; or the flow passage is a narrow channel extending from the bifurcation point (b1, c1, d1, e1, r1, ..., rn1) toward the container (Pb, Pc, Pd, Pe, Pr, ..., Prn) for a predetermined length, the predetermined length being at least 0.01 mm.

4. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner diameter of this fine channel ranges from 0.1 mm to 3 mm.

5. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner diameter of this narrow channel ranges from 0.2 mm to 2 mm.

6. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least a portion of the common conduit is a narrow channel.

7. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening of the common pipeline is located at the bottom, middle or top of the reactor / vessel (100); and / or The common conduit drips liquid into the reactor / vessel (100) through the top opening; and / or, The liquid in the container is distilled water, cleaning solution, water sample to be tested, standard solution, or reagent.

8. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application flow path also includes a peristaltic pump (B), wherein: When the reactor / vessel (100) is an open reactor / vessel to the atmosphere, the peristaltic pump (B) is connected in series between node (a) and node (f) on the common pipeline (GL) that connects to the reactor / vessel (100); or When the reactor / vessel (100) is a closed reactor / vessel, the reactor / vessel is connected to the atmosphere through the peristaltic pump (B).

9. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 8, characterized in that, The application flow path for water treatment or testing includes an external branch (WZ), and the common line (GL) is connected to the atmosphere via an external branch equipped with a shut-off valve (Fq) or a peristaltic pump in series for pumping out air and / or discharging liquid.

10. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer branch (WZ) connects to the portion of the common conduit (GL) between the end of the second branch that is far from the reactor / vessel (100) and the node that communicates with the container holding the reagent.

11. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer branch (WZ) connects to the portion of the common pipeline (GL) between the end of the common pipeline located away from the reactor / vessel (100) and the node of the second branch that connects to the container containing distilled water.

12. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 9, characterized in that, The external branch (WZ) is connected to the end of the common pipeline (GL) away from the reactor / vessel (100).

13. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application flow path includes a liquid detector (S) disposed in the portion of the common conduit (GL) between the reactor / vessel (100) and the node of the second branch closest to the reactor / vessel (100).

14. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one first port of the first branch of at least a portion of the plurality of devices for quantitative liquid processing is connected to the container of the device and is located above the surface of the reagent liquid in the container.

15. The application flow path for water treatment or detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor / vessel (100) is equipped with a detector (G) for detecting the liquid level or liquid volume inside the reactor / vessel (100), and the detector (G) is a dielectric sensor, a pressure sensor or an optical sensor.

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