An anti-seismic buffer structure for fabricated buildings

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building structures, and particularly relates to an anti-seismic buffer structure for a fabricated building, which comprises a building body, an elevator shaft is arranged in the building body, sliding grooves are arranged in the elevator shaft, elevator assemblies are arranged between the sliding grooves, first oil cylinders are arranged on the two sides of the elevator assemblies, sliding blocks are arranged at the ends of the first oil cylinders, first swing cylinders are arranged below the first oil cylinders, the telescopic ends of the first swing cylinders are hingedly connected with the middle portions of the first oil cylinders, an anti-seismic buffer layer is arranged in the building body, the anti-seismic buffer layer is provided with anti-seismic buffer assemblies connected with the bottoms of the elevator assemblies, when an earthquake occurs, the elevator assemblies hover in the anti-seismic buffer layer, and the anti-seismic buffer assemblies of the anti-seismic buffer layer buffer and offset the kinetic energy generated by the earthquake on the building body; the application ingeniously combines the elevator structure commonly used in people's life into an anti-seismic buffer structure, the overall structure of the application is simple, the assembly process is simple, maintenance is convenient, and the application is very suitable for being used as an anti-seismic structure of a fabricated building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure technology, and more specifically to a seismic buffer structure for prefabricated buildings. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern industrial technology, houses can now be built in the construction field in a batch-like manner, just like machine production. Prefabricated house components are transported to the construction site and assembled to form a prefabricated building. Therefore, prefabricated buildings have a fast construction speed and low production cost, so they have been rapidly promoted all over the world.

[0003] Earthquakes are a frequent natural disaster on Earth, causing enormous damage to buildings and human safety. Therefore, architects often design from multiple aspects to improve the seismic performance of building structures. With the continuous improvement of seismic technology, the seismic performance of prefabricated building structures in my country is basically equivalent to that of cast-in-place structures, and in some aspects even exceeds that of cast-in-place structures.

[0004] However, existing earthquake-resistant technologies have limited functionality. Apart from resisting and buffering vibrations during earthquakes, their utilization efficiency is extremely low during peacetime. Furthermore, the earthquake-resistant structures used in existing technologies are complex, which leads to complicated production and assembly processes and significantly increases costs, and also makes subsequent inspection and maintenance inconvenient.

[0005] In conclusion, how to make the seismic-resistant structure of prefabricated buildings have multiple functions while also being easy to inspect and maintain is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the issues of limited seismic structural functionality and inconvenient maintenance in existing prefabricated building technologies, this invention provides a seismic buffer structure for prefabricated buildings.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: This invention provides an earthquake-resistant buffer structure for prefabricated buildings, including a building body with an elevator shaft inside. Vertical grooves are provided on opposite side walls of the elevator shaft, and an elevator assembly is located between the grooves. Each side of the elevator assembly has a first hydraulic cylinder rotatably connected to its end. A slider is rotatably connected to the other end of each first hydraulic cylinder. Below the first hydraulic cylinder is a first swing cylinder rotatably connected to the elevator assembly. The telescopic end of the first swing cylinder is hinged to the middle of the first hydraulic cylinder. When no earthquake occurs, the slider can slide in conjunction with the groove. An earthquake-resistant buffer layer is provided inside the building body, and an earthquake-resistant buffer component is connected to the bottom of the elevator assembly. During an earthquake, the elevator assembly suspends on the earthquake-resistant buffer layer, and the earthquake-resistant buffer component connects the elevator assembly to buffer and offset the kinetic energy generated by the earthquake on the building body.

[0008] Furthermore, the building is equipped with a hydraulic control system inside, and a seismic sensor at the top of the building that can monitor the occurrence and intensity of earthquakes. The seismic sensor is electrically connected to the hydraulic control system. The top floor of the building is equipped with a controller that is electrically connected to the seismic sensor and can control the lifting and lowering of the elevator components. The earthquake-resistant buffer components are connected to the hydraulic control system through hydraulic transmission.

[0009] Furthermore, the elevator assembly includes a car frame, with a pulley fixedly connected to the top of the car frame, and the pulley connected to the controller via a steel cable; the car car is fixedly connected to the interior of the car frame, a compression bag is fixedly connected to the bottom of the car car, a pad is fixedly connected to the top of the compression bag, a short pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the compression bag and passes through the bottom of the car car, a truncated cone is fixedly connected to the outer bottom surface of the short pipe, the top surface of the truncated cone is fixedly connected to the outer bottom surface of the car car, and a channel connected to the short pipe is provided inside the truncated cone.

[0010] Furthermore, the channel has a stepped hole inside, and a slide valve is located inside the channel at the outer end of the stepped hole. The slide valve has valve bodies fixedly connected to both ends. The valve body inside the channel is conical and is slidably connected to the side wall of the channel. Several through holes are opened in the middle of the valve body near the outer end of the channel. A return spring is installed in the middle of the slide valve. One end of the return spring has a stop rod fixedly connected to the channel, and the other end of the return spring has a stop rod fixedly connected to the slide valve.

[0011] Furthermore, the seismic buffer assembly includes a seismic buffer layer. At the four corners of the elevator shaft on the floor where the seismic buffer layer is located, a hydraulic cylinder mounting seat is fixedly installed. Inside the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat, there is a rotating seat rotatably connected to it. The upper part of the rotating seat is equipped with a second hydraulic cylinder whose end is rotatably connected to it. Below the second hydraulic cylinder is a second swing cylinder. The fixed end of the second swing cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating seat, and the telescopic end of the second swing cylinder is hinged to the middle of the second hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the extended end of the second cylinder is provided with an axial elongated hole, and the piston of the second cylinder is provided with a one-way valve and a pressure relief valve. The one-way valve is connected to the rodless chamber of the second cylinder through the elongated hole, and the pressure relief valve is connected to the elongated hole through the rodless chamber of the second cylinder. The extended end of the second cylinder is fitted with a positioning block that is sealed and fixedly connected to it. The center of the positioning block is provided with a circular hole that is sealed and connected to the elongated hole. The outer end of the circular hole is provided with a top ring that is sealed and fixedly connected to it.

[0013] Furthermore, symmetrical hydraulic cylinders connected to the hydraulic control system are installed on both sides of the steel cable inside the elevator shaft. The fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the elevator shaft, and the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a locking block that is rotatably connected to it. One side of the locking block is hinged to the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder by a pin, and the other side of the locking block is fixedly glued with an elastic block.

[0014] Furthermore, the seismic buffer layer is equipped with an inspection and maintenance entrance for each elevator shaft, and the entrance is equipped with an openable and closable door; the front side of the car is equipped with a sliding double-opening elevator door, and when the compression bag retracts downwards, the pad is exactly at the same height as the threshold of the elevator door.

[0015] Furthermore, the slide is made of a material with magnetic attraction properties, and the slide has several electromagnets inside. The slide has a wear-resistant layer fixedly connected to the outer end face of the electromagnet. The wear-resistant layer is made of a wear-resistant material with good magnetic permeability. The side wall of the car is equipped with an emergency stop button that is connected to the electromagnet. The emergency stop button is arc-shaped.

[0016] Furthermore, a first through hole is provided in the wall between the elevator shafts on the floors where the buffer layer is located.

[0017] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention can be used as an elevator normally when no earthquake occurs. When used as an elevator, the hydraulic control system automatically controls the first swing cylinder to swing the first oil cylinder until the slider is in the position inside the slide groove and maintains it. This structure ensures that the slider can guide the elevator assembly to move along the slide groove during the lifting and lowering process, which can prevent the elevator assembly from swinging during the lifting and lowering process and make it run more smoothly.

[0018] The hydraulic control system controls the extension of the second swing cylinder, causing the second cylinder to swing to its maximum angle. At the same time as the second cylinder swings to its maximum angle, the hydraulic control system controls the second cylinder to retract to its shortest state. This design can avoid interference between the elevator components and the second cylinder when they are lifting and lowering, ensuring that the elevator can operate normally.

[0019] The compression bag inside the elevator car is compressed. When the compression bag contracts downwards, the pad is at the same height as the threshold of the elevator door. This allows people to stand on the top of the pad when riding the elevator. Furthermore, because the compression bag below the pad is elastic, it can also reduce the shaking of the elevator during its movement, making the ride more comfortable.

[0020] When an earthquake occurs, the seismic sensor can detect the occurrence and intensity of the earthquake immediately and convert it into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the hydraulic control system and the elevator controller. When the elevator controller receives the seismic signal from the seismic sensor, it will alert people to leave the elevator and automatically control the elevator components to enter the set position of the seismic buffer layer and remain suspended. This design can alert people to the occurrence of an earthquake immediately and ensure that people can enter the seismic-resistant state in time after leaving the elevator, thus ensuring the safety of people using this invention.

[0021] When the hydraulic control system receives the seismic signal from the seismic sensor, it first controls the hydraulic cylinder to extend, causing the locking blocks to engage with the elastic blocks and fix the steel cable between the two locking blocks. This design allows the steel cable to be fixed at one point, so that the elevator assembly can swing in any direction around the fixed point during the shock absorption process.

[0022] The hydraulic control system controls the first swing cylinder to swing the first oil cylinder until the slider is inside the first through hole and maintains it. Then, it controls the first oil cylinder to extend so that the sliders at the telescopic ends of two adjacent first oil cylinders fit together. This structure can connect multiple elevator components into a whole and can further increase the shock absorption capacity of the present invention.

[0023] The hydraulic control system controls the second cylinder to shorten, causing the second cylinder to swing to the channel facing the outside of the truncated cone. Then, it controls the second cylinder to extend, causing the positioning block to lock the outer side of the truncated cone. This structure fixes the position of the truncated cone and the elevator assembly through the second cylinder. When an earthquake occurs, the hydraulic control system can individually control the extension of the corresponding second cylinder according to the sensing signal of the earthquake sensor, so that the elevator assembly moves in the opposite direction of the building's vibration, thereby offsetting the impact of the earthquake on the building.

[0024] When the second hydraulic cylinder pushes the positioning block to the outside of the truncated cone, the top ring on the outside of the circular hole of the positioning block pushes the slide valve in the channel inside the truncated cone. At the same time, the channel opens, and the second hydraulic cylinder will be unable to extend further. The pressure oil inside the rodless chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder will enter the long hole through the pressure relief valve, then enter the channel through the circular hole, and finally enter the compression bag through the short pipe. When the hydraulic oil enters the compression bag, the compression bag can automatically extend upward and fill the interior of the car. This structure can deliver hydraulic oil to the interior of the compression bag, which can both use the mass of the hydraulic oil itself to increase the vibration of the elevator components when they swing to offset the vibration generated by the earthquake, and use the damping force generated by the hydraulic oil in the flow to convert the earthquake energy into heat dissipation, thereby achieving the purpose of damping and energy dissipation.

[0025] In summary, this invention ingeniously combines the commonly used elevator structure in daily life with a seismic buffer structure, which on the one hand increases the safety and comfort of elevators during use, and on the other hand increases the flexibility and utilization rate of the seismic buffer structure. The overall structure of this invention is simple, the assembly process is simple, and maintenance is convenient, making it very suitable as a seismic structure for prefabricated buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention in a seismic-resistant state; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an elevator component; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the middle BB direction; Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of Part I of the structure; Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of Part II of the structure; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of Part V of the structure; Figure 9 yes Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of Part III of the structure; Figure 10 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the CC direction; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second hydraulic cylinder; Figure 12 yes Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of Part IV of the structure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "attached" to another component, it can be directly on the other component or it can be in the middle of another component. When a component is said to be "set" to another component, it can be directly set to the other component or it may also be in the middle of another component. When a component is said to be "fixed" to another component, it can be directly fixed to the other component or it may also be in the middle of another component.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0032] like Figures 1-12 As shown, the present invention provides an anti-seismic buffer structure for prefabricated buildings, including a building body 1 of the prefabricated building, and an elevator shaft 2 is provided inside the building body 1. The elevator shaft 2 can be multiple arranged in parallel or a single arrangement, and can be located in the middle of the building body or on the outside of the building body. In this embodiment, the elevator shaft 2 is arranged in parallel in the middle of the building body as an example, because the parallel design in the middle of the building body is more in line with the structural design of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the building 1 is equipped with a hydraulic control system. The top of the building 1 is the roof 3. The upper part of the roof 3 is equipped with an earthquake sensor 4. The earthquake sensor 4 is electrically connected to the hydraulic control system. The earthquake sensor 4 is existing technology. The specific structure and principle are not described here. When an earthquake occurs, the earthquake sensor 4 can sense the occurrence and intensity of the earthquake in the first time and convert it into an electrical signal and transmit it to the hydraulic control system.

[0034] like Figure 2 , 3As shown, hydraulic cylinders 5, which are connected to the hydraulic control system, are symmetrically fixedly installed on opposite side walls inside the elevator shaft near the lower side of the roof. The fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the elevator shaft. The extended end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided with a locking block 41 that is hinged to it. One side of the locking block 41 is hinged to the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 by a pin. The other side of the locking block 41 is fixedly glued with an elastic block 42. In this way, when the two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders 5 extend outward during operation, the locking block 41 can drive the elastic block 42 to fit together. During the fitting process, the elastic block 42 can play a buffering role to avoid impact and damage to the locking block when the locking block 42 is in direct contact.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a seismic buffer layer 7 is provided at the lower part of the roof 3. Each elevator shaft 2 has an inspection and maintenance entrance 6 corresponding to the seismic buffer layer 7. Each entrance 6 has an openable and closable door, allowing convenient access to the elevator shaft for inspection and maintenance. In this embodiment, for ease of structural demonstration, the buffer layer 7 is placed on the second floor below the roof 3. In practical applications, the buffer layer 7 can be placed on any floor below the roof 3 according to design requirements.

[0036] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, vertical grooves 8 are provided on both opposite side walls of the elevator shaft 2. The grooves 8 are made of materials with magnetic properties, such as iron alloy materials with good wear resistance. This magnetic property can slow down the sliding of objects inside the grooves 8. An elevator assembly is provided between the two side grooves 8. During use, the elevator assembly can move up and down smoothly and stably along the grooves 8, so that people have a safer and more stable riding experience when riding the elevator.

[0037] The top floor of building 1 is equipped with a controller for controlling the lifting and lowering of the elevator components. The elevator controller is existing technology, and its structure and principle will not be described in detail here. The elevator controller is electrically connected to the seismic sensor 4. When no earthquake occurs, the elevator controller can control the elevator components to work normally. When an earthquake occurs, when the elevator controller receives the seismic signal from the seismic sensor 4, it will warn people to leave the elevator and automatically control the elevator components to enter the set position of the seismic buffer layer 7 and keep it hovering.

[0038] like Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the elevator assembly includes a car frame 9. A pulley 10 connected to the controller is fixedly welded to the top of the car frame 9. The pulley 10 and the controller are connected by a steel cable 11. The steel cable 11 is located between two locking blocks 41. When the hydraulic cylinder 5 extends outward during operation, it can cause the locking blocks 41 to drive the elastic blocks 42 to fit together and fix the steel cable 11 between the two locking blocks 41. When the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 retracts inward, the controller can control the steel cable 11 to drive the entire car frame 9 to rise and fall.

[0039] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the car 12 is fixedly installed inside the car frame 9 by welding. The front side of the car 12 is provided with a sliding double-opening elevator door 13, which allows people to conveniently enter and exit the car 12 when riding the elevator.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, a compression bag 14 made of elastic material is provided on the lower side of the elevator door 13 inside the car 12. A pad is fixedly connected to the top of the compression bag 14. The outer side of the bottom surface of the compression bag 14 is fixedly bonded to the bottom surface of the car 12 by silicone. A short pipe 15 is provided between the bottom surface of the compression bag 14 and the bottom of the car 12 for sealing and fixed communication. During operation, fluid can enter and exit the interior of the compression bag 14 through the short pipe 15. When the fluid enters the interior of the compression bag 14, the compression bag 14 can automatically expand upward and fill the interior of the car 12. When the fluid flows out of the interior of the compression bag 14, the compression bag 14 can automatically contract downward, so that the pad is at the same height as the threshold of the elevator door 13.

[0041] like Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the outer end of the short pipe 15 is provided with a truncated cone 16 that is fixedly and sealed to it. The top surface of the truncated cone 16 is fixedly connected to the outer bottom surface of the car 12 by welding. The interior of the truncated cone 16 is provided with a channel 17 that communicates with the short pipe 15. The interior of the channel 17 is provided with a stepped hole 18. The outer end of the stepped hole 18 is provided with a slide valve 19 that is slidably and sealed to the channel 17. When the slide valve 19 is pushed to move into the interior of the stepped hole 18 during operation, the slide valve 19 will open the channel 17 so that the fluid can enter and exit the compression bag 14 through the channel 17.

[0042] like Figure 8 As shown, the slide valve 19 has a long rod shape, with valve bodies fixedly connected to both ends. The valve body inside the channel 17 is conical and is slidably connected to the side wall of the channel 17. Several through holes are opened in the middle of the valve body near the outer end of the channel 17. A return spring 20 is installed in the middle of the slide valve 19. One end of the return spring 20 is provided with a stop rod 21 fixedly connected to the channel 17, and the other end of the return spring 20 is provided with a stop rod 22 fixedly connected to the slide valve 19.

[0043] During operation, when the valve body near the outer end of channel 17 is pushed, the conical valve body located inside channel 17 enters the interior of the stepped hole 18. The fluid will then enter the interior of channel 17 through the through hole in the middle of the valve body near the outer end of channel 17. Similarly, the fluid inside the compression bag 14 can also be discharged in the reverse direction. When the fluid is discharged, it passes through the conical valve body located inside channel 17, which can prevent it from pushing the valve body in the reverse direction, causing the valve body to slide out of the stepped hole 18 and close channel 17. When the valve body is pushed off, the return spring 20 will push the stop rod 22 to make the slide valve slide out of the stepped hole 18 and close channel 17. At the same time, the conical valve body will be blocked by the stop rod 21 to prevent the slide valve 19 from sliding out of the interior of channel 17.

[0044] like Figure 2 , 4 As shown in Figures 5 and 6, a first hydraulic cylinder 23 is provided on both sides of the car frame 9. The fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder 23 is hinged to the car frame 9. A slider 24 is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 23. The slider 24 can slide and connect with the slide groove 8 during operation. A first swing cylinder 25 is provided below the first hydraulic cylinder 23. The telescopic end of the first swing cylinder 25 is hinged to the middle of the first hydraulic cylinder 23. The fixed end of the first swing cylinder 25 is hinged to the car frame 9. By controlling the first swing cylinder 25, the first hydraulic cylinder 23 can swing, so that the slider 24 installed on the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 23 can enter the slide groove 8 in a controllable manner. This makes the elevator more stable and safe during operation.

[0045] like Figure 3 , 9 As shown, the slider 24 has several electromagnets 26 inside. The slider 24 has a wear-resistant layer 27 fixedly connected to the outer end face of the electromagnets 26. The wear-resistant layer 27 is made of wear-resistant material with good magnetic permeability. In this way, the magnetic force generated by the electromagnets 26 after being energized can be attracted to the inside of the slide groove 8 during operation, which can smoothly reduce the impact force when the elevator is running, making the elevator ride more stable. At the same time, the wear-resistant layer 27 can also reduce the wear of the slider 24 and extend its service life.

[0046] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figures 5 and 12, the side wall of the car 12 is equipped with an emergency stop button 43 that is connected to the electromagnet 26. The emergency stop button 43 is arc-shaped. When people press the emergency stop button 43 while riding the elevator and a malfunction occurs, the electromagnet 26 will be activated quickly, causing the slider 24 to be attracted into the slide groove 8, which will cause the elevator to decelerate rapidly until it stops descending. This can avoid the danger of the elevator accelerating downward or even falling. In addition, the arc-shaped structural design allows the emergency stop button 43 to be pressed when the compression bag 14 automatically extends upward and fills the interior of the car 12.

[0047] like Figure 1 ,2 As shown in Figure 3, a first through hole 28 is provided in the wall between the elevator shafts 2 on the floors where the buffer layer 7 is located. The first through hole 28 can connect two adjacent elevator components. When the elevator component is suspended on the earthquake-resistant buffer layer 7, the first hydraulic cylinder 23 is swung into the first through hole 28 by controlling the first swing cylinder 25. Then, the first hydraulic cylinder 23 is extended so that the sliders 24 at the telescopic ends of the two adjacent first hydraulic cylinders 23 are in contact with each other. Then, the electromagnet 26 is turned on so that the in contact sliders 24 are magnetically attracted to form a fixed connection. In this way, multiple elevator groups can form a whole.

[0048] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 10, fixed cylinder mounting seats 29 are provided at the four corners of the elevator shaft 2 on the floor where the buffer layer 7 is located. A rotating seat 30 is rotatably connected to the cylinder mounting seat 29. A second cylinder 31 is hinged to the upper part of the rotating seat 30. The fixed end of the second cylinder 31 is hinged to the rotating seat 30 by a pin. A second swing cylinder 32 is provided on the lower side of the second cylinder 31. The fixed end of the second swing cylinder 32 is hinged to the rotating seat 30 by a pin. The telescopic end of the second swing cylinder 32 is hinged to the middle part of the second cylinder 31. In this way, the swing angle of the second cylinder 31 can be controlled by controlling the extension length of the second swing cylinder 32. When the elevator is running normally, the extension length of the second swing cylinder 32 can make the second cylinder 31 swing to the maximum angle, avoiding interference between the elevator components and the second cylinder when they move up and down.

[0049] like Figure 10 , 11 As shown, a positioning block 33 is fitted onto the extended end of the second hydraulic cylinder 31. The positioning block 33 is fixedly and sealed to the extended end of the second hydraulic cylinder 31. A circular hole 39 is provided in the center of the positioning block 33. The outer end of the circular hole 39 is arc-shaped corresponding to the side of the truncated cone 16. A top ring 40 communicating with the circular hole 39 is fixedly welded to the side of the arc-shaped cone. A soft arc-shaped pad 38 is bonded to the outer side of the top ring 40 on the side of the arc-shaped cone. During operation, the second swing cylinder 32 is controlled to swing the second hydraulic cylinder 31 to the outer end of the channel 17 inside the truncated cone 16 that communicates with the short pipe 15. Then, the second hydraulic cylinder 31 is extended, causing the top ring 40 outside the circular hole 39 of the positioning block 33 to push the slide valve 19 in the channel 17 inside the truncated cone 16, opening the channel 17. During this process, the arc-shaped pad 38 can both seal and buffer.

[0050] like Figure 10 , 11As shown, the extended end of the second cylinder 31 has an axial elongated hole 34 inside, which is sealed and connected to the round hole 39. The piston 35 of the second cylinder 31 has a one-way valve 36 and a pressure relief valve 37 inside. The one-way valve 36 leads from the elongated hole 34 to the rodless chamber of the second cylinder 31, and the pressure relief valve 37 leads from the rodless chamber of the second cylinder 31 to the elongated hole 34. During operation, the hydraulic oil inside the rodless chamber of the second cylinder 31 first pushes the piston 35 to move the piston rod outward. When the extended end of the second cylinder 31 extends to its limit position, the pressure oil inside the rodless chamber will enter the elongated hole 34 through the pressure relief valve 37. When the extended end of the second cylinder 31 needs to retract, the hydraulic oil inside the elongated hole 34 will first enter the rodless chamber through the one-way valve 36, and then the piston 35 will drive the piston rod to move towards the rodless chamber.

[0051] In summary, this invention has two working states. When no earthquake occurs, this invention can be used normally as an elevator; when an earthquake occurs, this invention can automatically adjust to an earthquake-resistant buffer state to reduce the impact of the earthquake on the building.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, when the elevator is in normal use, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is in the retracted state, the locking block 41 and the elastic block 42 attached to its side will not interfere with the movement of the steel cable 11, and the controller can control the steel cable 11 to drive the car frame 9 to move up and down as a whole.

[0053] The hydraulic control system automatically controls the first swing cylinder 25 to swing the first oil cylinder 23 until the slider 24 is in the position inside the slide groove 8 and maintains it. This structure ensures that the slider 24 can guide the elevator assembly to move along the slide groove 8 during the lifting and lowering process, and can avoid the elevator assembly from swinging during the lifting and lowering process, so that it runs more smoothly. The hydraulic control system controls the second swing cylinder 32 to extend, so that the second oil cylinder 31 swings to the maximum angle. At the same time as the second oil cylinder 31 swings to the maximum angle, the hydraulic control system controls the second oil cylinder 31 to retract to the shortest state. This design can avoid interference between the elevator assembly and the second oil cylinder 31 during the lifting and lowering process, and ensure that the elevator can operate normally.

[0054] The compression bag 14 inside the car 12 is in a compressed state. When the compression bag 14 contracts downward, the pad is at the same height as the threshold of the elevator door 13. This allows people to stand on the upper part of the pad when riding the elevator. Furthermore, since the compression bag 14 under the pad is elastic, it can also reduce the shaking of the elevator during its movement, making the ride more comfortable.

[0055] like Figure 3As shown, when an earthquake occurs, the earthquake sensor 4 can detect the occurrence and intensity of the earthquake immediately and convert it into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the hydraulic control system and the elevator controller. When the elevator controller receives the earthquake signal from the earthquake sensor 4, it will warn people to leave the elevator and automatically control the elevator components to enter the set position of the seismic buffer layer 7 and remain suspended. This design can warn people of the occurrence of an earthquake immediately and ensure that people can enter the seismic state in time after leaving the elevator, thus ensuring the safety of people using the present invention.

[0056] When the hydraulic control system receives the seismic signal from the seismic sensor 4, it first controls the hydraulic cylinder 5 to extend, causing the locking block 41 to drive the elastic block 42 to fit together, and fixes the steel cable 11 between the two locking blocks 41. This design can fix the steel cable at one point, so that the elevator assembly can swing in any direction around the fixed point during the earthquake buffering process.

[0057] Secondly, the hydraulic control system controls the first swing cylinder 25 to swing the first oil cylinder 23 until the slider 24 is inside the first through hole 28 and maintains it. Then, it controls the first oil cylinder 23 to extend so that the sliders 24 at the telescopic ends of two adjacent first oil cylinders 23 fit together. This structure can connect multiple elevator components into a whole, which can further increase the shock absorption capacity of the present invention.

[0058] Then the hydraulic control system controls the second swing cylinder 32 to shorten, so that the second cylinder 31 swings to the channel 17 facing the outside of the truncated cone 16. Then the second cylinder 31 is extended, so that the positioning block 33 is locked on the outer side of the truncated cone 16. This structure fixes the position of the truncated cone 16 and the elevator assembly through the second cylinder 31. When an earthquake occurs, the hydraulic control system can individually control the corresponding second cylinder 31 to extend according to the sensing signal of the earthquake sensor 4, so that the elevator assembly moves in the opposite direction of the building's vibration, thereby offsetting the impact of the earthquake on the building.

[0059] When the second hydraulic cylinder 31 pushes the positioning block 33 to the outside of the truncated cone 16, the top ring 40 outside the round hole 39 of the positioning block 33 pushes the slide valve 19 in the channel 17 inside the truncated cone 16. At the same time as the channel 17 opens, the second hydraulic cylinder 31 will be unable to extend further. The pressure oil inside the rodless chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder 31 will enter the long hole 34 through the pressure relief valve 37, then enter the channel 17 through the round hole 39, and finally enter the compression bag 14 through the short pipe 15. When the hydraulic oil enters the compression bag 14, the compression bag 14 can automatically extend upward and fill the interior of the car 12.

[0060] This structure can deliver hydraulic oil into the interior of the compression bag 14. It can use the mass of the hydraulic oil itself to increase the vibration of the elevator components when they swing to offset the vibration caused by the earthquake. It can also use the damping force generated by the hydraulic oil in the flow to convert the earthquake energy into heat dissipation, thereby achieving the purpose of damping and energy dissipation.

[0061] In summary, this invention ingeniously combines the commonly used elevator structure in people's lives with a seismic buffer structure, which on the one hand increases the safety and comfort of elevators during use, and on the other hand increases the flexibility and utilization rate of the seismic buffer structure. The overall structure of this invention is simple, the assembly process is simple, and maintenance is convenient, making it very suitable as a seismic structure for prefabricated buildings.

[0062] The embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seismic buffer structure for prefabricated buildings, characterized in that: The system includes a building structure with an elevator shaft inside. Each side wall of the elevator shaft has vertical grooves, and an elevator assembly is located between these grooves. Each elevator assembly has a first hydraulic cylinder on each side, with a slider rotatably connected to the cylinder at the other end. Below each first hydraulic cylinder is a first swing cylinder, with its end rotatably connected to the elevator assembly. The telescopic end of the swing cylinder is hinged to the middle of the first hydraulic cylinder. In the absence of an earthquake, the slider can slide smoothly with the grooves. The building also includes an earthquake-resistant buffer layer with earthquake-resistant buffer components connected to the bottom of the elevator assembly. During an earthquake, the elevator assembly suspends on the earthquake-resistant buffer layer, and these components buffer and offset the kinetic energy generated by the earthquake on the building structure. The building is equipped with a hydraulic control system. A seismic sensor, capable of monitoring earthquake occurrence and intensity, is located at the top of the building and is electrically connected to the hydraulic control system. A controller, also electrically connected to the seismic sensor, is located on the top floor and controls the elevator assembly's movement. The earthquake-resistant buffer assembly is connected to the hydraulic control system via hydraulic transmission. The elevator assembly includes a car frame, with a pulley fixedly connected to the top of the car frame, and the pulley connected to the controller via a steel cable; a car is fixedly connected to the inside of the car frame, a compression bag is fixedly connected to the bottom of the car, a pad is fixedly connected to the top of the compression bag, a short pipe is fixedly connected to and sealed to the bottom of the car on the bottom surface of the compression bag, and a truncated cone is fixedly connected to and sealed to the outer end of the short pipe, the top surface of the truncated cone is fixedly connected to the outer bottom surface of the car, and a channel is provided inside the truncated cone that communicates with the short pipe; The channel has a stepped hole inside, and a slide valve is located inside the channel at the outer end of the stepped hole. The slide valve has valve bodies fixedly connected to both ends. The valve body inside the channel is conical and is slidably connected to the side wall of the channel. Several through holes are opened in the middle of the valve body near the outer end of the channel. A return spring is installed in the middle of the slide valve. One end of the return spring has a stop rod fixedly connected to the channel, and the other end of the return spring has a stop rod fixedly connected to the slide valve.

2. The seismic buffer structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The earthquake-resistant buffer assembly includes an earthquake-resistant buffer layer. Hydraulic cylinder mounting seats are fixedly installed at the four corners of the elevator shaft of the floor where the earthquake-resistant buffer layer is located. A rotating seat is rotatably connected to the hydraulic cylinder mounting seat. A second hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the upper part of the rotating seat. A second swing cylinder is located below the second hydraulic cylinder. The fixed end of the second swing cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating seat. The telescopic end of the second swing cylinder is hinged to the middle part of the second hydraulic cylinder.

3. The seismic buffer structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extended end of the second cylinder has an axial elongated hole inside. The piston of the second cylinder has a one-way valve and a pressure relief valve inside. The one-way valve is connected to the rodless chamber of the second cylinder through the elongated hole, and the pressure relief valve is connected to the elongated hole through the rodless chamber of the second cylinder. A positioning block is fitted to the extended end of the second cylinder and is sealed and fixedly connected thereto. A circular hole is opened in the center of the positioning block, and the circular hole is sealed and connected to the elongated hole. A top ring is provided at the outer end of the circular hole and is sealed and fixedly connected thereto.

4. A seismic buffer structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elevator shaft is equipped with hydraulic cylinders symmetrically located on both sides of the steel cable, which are connected to the hydraulic control system. The fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the elevator shaft, and the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a locking block that is rotatably connected to it. One side of the locking block is hinged to the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder by a pin, and the other side of the locking block is fixedly glued with an elastic block.

5. A seismic buffer structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The earthquake-resistant buffer layer is equipped with an inspection and maintenance entrance for each elevator shaft, and the entrance is equipped with an openable and closable door; the front side of the car is equipped with a sliding double-opening elevator door, and when the compression bag retracts downwards, the pad is exactly at the same height as the threshold of the elevator door.

6. A seismic buffer structure for prefabricated buildings according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The slide is made of a material with magnetic attraction properties. The slide has several electromagnets inside. The slide has a wear-resistant layer fixedly connected to the outer end face of the electromagnet. The wear-resistant layer is made of a wear-resistant material with good magnetic permeability. The side wall of the car is equipped with an emergency stop button that is connected to the electromagnet. The emergency stop button is arc-shaped.

7. A seismic buffer structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wall between the elevator shafts of the floors where the buffer layer is located has a first through hole.

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