A rapid testing device and method for coarse aggregate density and water absorption.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JILIN JIANZHU UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2022-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for testing the density and water absorption of coarse aggregates rely on manual operation, resulting in large data deviations, long testing times, and heavy dependence on drying oven equipment.
A device comprising a permanent structure, a coarse aggregate water absorption and saturation treatment component, a saturation surface drying component, and a rapid drying component is designed. Utilizing an electric motor, electromagnetic vibration equipment, and a control system, it achieves automated water absorption and saturation, surface drying, and rapid drying of coarse aggregate.
It effectively reduces the impact of human factors, improves the accuracy of test data, shortens the test time from 2 days to about 2 hours, improves test efficiency, and enables rapid determination of coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate.
Smart Images
Figure CN114354435B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of testing technology and relates to a rapid testing device and method for coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate; it is particularly suitable for laboratory testing of coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate. Background Technology
[0002] Coarse aggregates contain voids, and their strength changes with variations in water absorption. This also affects their ability to absorb binders, thus influencing the freeze-thaw resistance of the mixture. The structure and composition of coarse aggregates vary greatly depending on the location. The density and water absorption rate of coarse aggregates are important indicators of their hydrophilic properties, and quality control laboratories must be capable of testing these parameters.
[0003] my country's "Specifications for Testing Aggregates in Highway Engineering" (JTG E42-2005) specifies the testing standards for the density and water absorption rate of coarse aggregates. For the water absorption rate test, the coarse aggregate is saturated with water for 24 hours. After saturation, the coarse aggregate is removed and its surface is manually wiped with a damp towel until it is saturated and surface-dry. The surface-dry weight of the coarse aggregate at this point is measured. The coarse aggregate is then placed in an oven and dried for at least 4-6 hours. After drying, the water absorption rate of the coarse aggregate is calculated.
[0004] The experiment requires drying equipment such as an oven, and the saturation and baking time is relatively long. When using the towel wiping method, different testers may have different judgments on the saturated surface dryness of different samples, and the test results are affected by the tester's subjectivity, resulting in a large human error. Existing standard methods have large errors and are time-consuming, so there is a need for equipment that can accurately and quickly test the density and water absorption rate of coarse aggregates. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention discloses a rapid testing device and method for coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate, which solves the problems of existing coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate experiments relying on manual operation, which easily leads to large data deviations, inconsistent surface dryness, long testing time, and the need for drying oven equipment.
[0006] This invention includes a permanent structure, a coarse aggregate water absorption and saturation treatment component, a saturated surface drying component, and a rapid drying component; the permanent structure includes a fixed bracket, a cylindrical shell, a fixed telescopic shaft, a motor, an electromagnetic vibration device, a control system, a rotating shaft, and an arc-shaped movable gear; the saturated surface drying treatment component includes: a stiff-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric and a loading bucket; the loading bucket includes two semi-cylindrical cavities, a roller, a bearing on the loading bucket, a central shaft groove, a gear, and a stainless steel buckle lock.
[0007] The fixed telescopic shaft, cylindrical shell, and rotating shaft of the permanent structure coincide in centerline. The cylindrical shell is horizontally suspended on a fixed support by the fixed telescopic shaft and rotating shaft. One end of the arc-shaped movable gear is equipped with a moving rod; the other end is hinged to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell. The arc-shaped movable gear can rotate around the hinge point. At the intersection of the rotation plane of the arc-shaped movable gear and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell, there is a limiting structure in an engaged state and a limiting structure in an unengaged state.
[0008] The saturated surface-drying component has through holes on both sides of the stiff-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric, and the two semi-cylindrical cavities are fastened together by stainless steel buckles; bearings are installed at both ends of the roller, and the bearings at both ends of the roller are installed on the side of the loading barrel, and the stiff-edged pure cotton undershirt is placed inside the loading barrel; it is placed in the middle of the roller.
[0009] During saturated surface drying, the loading hopper is installed inside a cylindrical outer shell, with the hopper's axis coinciding with the outer shell's axis. The central groove of the loading hopper is tightly connected to the fixed telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft. A gear is mounted on the loading hopper, and an arc-shaped movable gear rotates downwards around the hinge point. The arc-shaped movable gear is limited by a meshing limiting structure, and the gear meshes with the arc-shaped movable gear. When the motor and electromagnetic vibration device are turned on, the motor drives the loading hopper to rotate at a uniform speed, and the coarse aggregate rotates at a uniform speed along with the loading hopper. The gear rotates on the arc-shaped movable gear. Simultaneously, the gear... Engaging with the through holes on both sides of the stiff-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric, the fabric moves upwards. The upper and lower rollers rotate, with the two lower rollers squeezing water outwards from the fabric. Simultaneously, the two lower rollers apply outward pressure to the fabric. One rotation of the loading hopper completes one reciprocating motion of the fabric. During rapid drying, the arc-shaped movable gear rotates upwards around the hinge point. The arc-shaped movable gear is limited by the disengaged limiting structure, disengaging the gear from the arc-shaped movable gear.
[0010] An optimized solution involves using a movable, arc-shaped gear with an arc length equal to 1 / 8 of the circumference of the loading hopper. The motor and electromagnetic vibration device are activated, causing the loading hopper to rotate at a constant speed. The coarse aggregate rotates at a constant speed along with the loading hopper, and the gear rotates on 1 / 8 of the circumference of the loading hopper, thus achieving the reciprocating motion of the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric.
[0011] An optimized solution includes a cylindrical outer shell with a lower limiting slot, an upper limiting slot, a lower limiting card, and an upper limiting card. At the intersection of the rotating plane of the arc-shaped movable gear and the inner wall of the cylindrical outer shell, when the arc-shaped movable gear rotates upward around the hinge point, the moving rod slides along the upper limiting slot. When it slides to the upper limiting card, the upper limiting card locks the moving rod in a disengaged limiting structure. When the arc-shaped movable gear rotates downward around the hinge point, the moving rod slides along the lower limiting slot. When it slides to the lower limiting card, the lower limiting card locks the moving rod in an engaged limiting structure.
[0012] An optimized solution, in its permanent structure, also includes an electric motor, an electromagnetic vibration device, and a control system; the electric motor is mounted on a fixed bracket; the electric motor is connected to the drive shaft; the electromagnetic vibration device is securely mounted on the inner wall of the cylindrical shell; the electric motor, the electromagnetic vibration device, and the control system are connected by circuitry; the electromagnetic vibration device vibrates, causing the cylindrical shell to shake.
[0013] An optimized solution includes a shelf in the permanent structure; the fixed support of the permanent structure has a groove; the coarse aggregate water absorption saturation treatment assembly includes: a sealed loading barrel and a vacuum pump; the sealed loading barrel includes a barrel wall, a sealed cover, a sealed loading barrel bearing, a vacuum port, a wire basket, a wire basket cover, a shaft on the wire basket, and a shaft that rotatably connects the wire basket to the sealed outer shell; the sealed loading barrel wall has a groove at its central shaft; during coarse aggregate water absorption saturation treatment, the sealed loading barrel is horizontally suspended inside the cylindrical outer shell by a fixed telescopic shaft and a rotating shaft; the groove of the sealed loading barrel is tightly connected to the groove on the fixed support, and the groove on the fixed support limits the movement of the sealed loading barrel; the wire basket is placed inside the barrel wall of the sealed loading barrel; the shaft on the wire basket mates with the bearing of the sealed loading barrel; the rotating shaft of the permanent structure is driven to connect with the shaft on the wire basket; the vacuum pump is mounted on the fixed support, and the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum port pipeline on the sealed loading barrel and to the control system circuit; Turn on the motor and electromagnetic vibration equipment. The sealed loading hopper remains stationary, while the motor drives the mesh basket to rotate. The electromagnetic vibration equipment vibrates the mesh basket, achieving vibration, rotation, and stirring. Simultaneously, the vacuum pump draws a vacuum into the sealed loading hopper, completely removing any residual air from the coarse aggregate. Once the coarse aggregate has fully absorbed water and reached saturation, the system is shut off, the sealed cover is opened, and the hopper is placed on the shelf. The sealed loading hopper is removed from the fixed support, and the aggregate is placed in water. The mass of the coarse aggregate in the water is weighed and recorded. During the saturated surface drying process, the sealed loading hopper is removed from the device during the coarse aggregate saturation treatment. The sealed loading hopper is not connected to the cylindrical outer shell and is placed on the shelf. The loading hopper is installed inside the cylindrical outer shell, with the loading hopper and the axis of the cylindrical outer shell coinciding. The central shaft groove of the loading hopper is tightly connected to the fixed telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft.
[0014] An optimized solution for rapid drying includes the following components: a wire mesh and a blower. During rapid drying, the stiff-edged cotton undershirt is removed from the loading hopper during the saturated surface-drying process. The cotton undershirt is not connected to the loading hopper and is placed on a shelf. The wire mesh is installed inside the loading hopper. The coarse aggregate in a saturated surface-dry state is loaded into two semi-cylindrical cavities of the loading hopper. The wire mesh separates the two parts of the coarse aggregate. An arc-shaped movable gear rotates upward around the hinge point, and an upper limit card locks the moving rod. The gear disengages from the arc-shaped movable gear. The blower is connected to the control system circuit. The motor, electromagnetic vibration device, and blower are turned on, causing the coarse aggregate to rotate at a uniform speed along with the loading hopper. Once the coarse aggregate reaches the dried state, the system is turned off, the loading hopper is removed, and the drying quality of the coarse aggregate is weighed and recorded.
[0015] An optimized solution also includes a separator plate; during the coarse aggregate saturation treatment, the separator plate is placed inside the sealed loading hopper basket; during the saturated surface drying treatment, the separator plate is placed inside the loading hopper of the saturated surface drying component; when the motor drives the loading hopper to rotate, the separator plate drives the coarse aggregate to tumble and mix; the separator plate plays the role of driving the aggregate to tumble and mix.
[0016] An optimized solution, the permanent structure also includes a water receiving trough; the water receiving trough is placed below the cylindrical outer shell and mounted on a fixed bracket.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it effectively eliminates the influence of human factors on the test, making the test data more accurate; it shortens the test time, reducing the original 2-day test time to about 2 hours, greatly improving the test efficiency; and it enables the rapid determination of the apparent relative density, surface dry relative density, bulk relative density, and water absorption rate of coarse aggregates. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the permanent structure of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 2 This is the right view of the conventional structure of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the coarse aggregate during water saturation treatment according to the present invention;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the coarse aggregate saturated surface-drying treatment according to the present invention;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rapid drying process of coarse aggregates according to the present invention;
[0023] Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the coarse aggregate saturated surface drying process according to the present invention;
[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic front view of the structure of the sealed filling barrel of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the material loading barrel of the present invention;
[0026] In the diagram: 1. Fixed bracket; 2. Cylindrical outer shell; 3. Outer shell cover; 4. Fixed telescopic shaft; 5. Water receiving tank; 6. Motor; 7. Electromagnetic vibration equipment; 8. Control system; 8a. Display screen; 8b. Switch button; 8c. Adjustment button; 8d. Vibration setting button; 8e. Drying setting button; 8f. Vacuum setting button; 9. Arc-shaped movable gear; 9a. Moving rod; 10. Chain; 11. Shelf; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Upper protrusion on fixed bracket; 14. Detachable outer shell; 15. Lower limit slot; 15a. Lower limit card; 16. Upper limit slot; 16a. Upper limit card; 20. Vacuum pump; 21. Sealed filling barrel; 21a. Sealed filling barrel wall; 21b. Sealed cover; 21c. Sealed filling barrel bearing; 21d. Vacuum port; 21e. Mesh basket; 21f. Mesh basket cover; 21g. Shaft on mesh basket; 21h. Rotatable connecting shaft between mesh basket and sealed outer shell; 21 j. Groove on the sealed filling barrel; 21k. Material separator plate; 30. Hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric; 31. Filling barrel; 30a. Through hole; 31a. Roller; 31b. Bearing on the filling barrel; 31c. Groove on the central shaft; 31d. Gear; 31e. Material separator plate on the filling barrel; 31g. Stainless steel hook and loop lock; 40. Wire mesh; 41. Blower. Detailed Implementation
[0027] An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0028] Example 1
[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown: It includes a permanent structure, a coarse aggregate water absorption and saturation treatment component, a saturated surface drying component, and a rapid drying component.
[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6As shown, the permanent structure includes: a fixed bracket 1, a cylindrical outer shell 2, an outer shell cover 3, a fixed telescopic shaft 4, a water receiving tank 5, a motor 6, an electromagnetic vibration device 7, a control system 8, an arc-shaped movable gear 9, a chain 10, a shelf 11, a rotating shaft 12, and a detachable outer shell 14; the fixed bracket 1 has a protrusion 13; one end of the arc-shaped movable gear 9 is equipped with a moving rod 9a; the other end is hinged to the inner wall of the cylindrical outer shell 2, and the arc-shaped movable gear 9 can rotate around the hinge point; at the intersection of the rotation plane of the arc-shaped movable gear 9 and the inner wall of the cylindrical outer shell 2, the cylindrical outer shell 2 has a lower limiting slot 15, an upper limiting slot 16, a lower limiting card 15a, and an upper limiting card 16a; when the arc-shaped movable gear 9 rotates upward around the hinge point, the moving rod 9a slides along the upper limiting slot 16, and when it slides to the upper limiting card 16a, the upper limiting card 16a locks the moving rod 9 ... 9 rotates downward around the hinge point, and the moving rod 9a slides along the lower limit slot 15. When it slides to the lower limit card 15a, the lower limit card 15a locks the moving rod 9a. The axes of the fixed telescopic shaft 4, the cylindrical shell 2, and the rotating shaft 12 coincide. The cylindrical shell 2 is horizontally suspended on the fixed bracket 1 by the fixed telescopic shaft 4 and the rotating shaft 12. The water tank 5 is placed below the cylindrical shell 2. The water tank 5 and the motor 6 are installed on the fixed bracket 1. The shaft on the motor is driven and connected to the rotating shaft 12 through the chain 10. The electromagnetic vibration device 7 is fastened to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 2. The motor 6, the electromagnetic vibration device 7 and the control system 8 are connected in circuit. The control system 8 includes: a display screen 8a, a motor switch button 8b, an adjustment button 8c, a vibration setting button 8d, a drying setting button 8e, and a vacuum setting button 8f. The control system 8 controls the operation of the components according to different processing states. The electromagnetic vibration device 7 vibrates, causing the cylindrical shell 2 to shake.
[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7As shown: The coarse aggregate water absorption saturation treatment assembly includes: a vacuum pump 20 and a sealed loading tank 21; the sealed loading tank 21 includes a sealed loading tank wall 21a, a sealed cover 21b, a sealed loading tank bearing 21c, a vacuum port 21d, a mesh basket 21e, a mesh basket cover 21f, a shaft 21g on the mesh basket, a shaft 21h rotatably connecting the mesh basket and the sealed outer shell, and a material separator 21k; the sealed loading tank wall has a groove 21j at its central axis; the vacuum pump 20 is mounted on a fixed bracket 1, and the vacuum pump 2... 0 is connected to the vacuum port 21d on the sealed material container 21 via a pipeline, and is connected to the circuit of the control system 8; the sealed material container 21 is 30cm high and has a bottom radius of 10cm; the mesh basket 21e is 26cm high and has a bottom radius of 8cm; the mesh basket 21e is placed inside the wall 21a of the sealed material container 21; the shaft 21g on the mesh basket is engaged with the bearing 21c of the sealed material container; when the coarse aggregate is saturated with water, the sealed material container 21 is horizontally suspended on the cylinder by the fixed telescopic shaft 4 and the rotating shaft 12. Inside the outer shell 2, the groove 21j of the sealed material container 21 is tightly connected to the protrusion 13 on the fixed bracket. The protrusion 13 on the fixed bracket limits the movement, preventing the sealed material container 21 from rotating. The rotating shaft 12 is connected to the shaft 21g on the mesh basket in a tenon-and-mortise drive configuration. The rotating shaft 12 can drive the mesh basket 21e to rotate. The operation is as follows: Weigh a certain mass of coarse aggregates of different particle sizes according to the specifications, place them in the mesh basket 21e, cover with the mesh basket cover 21f, add water to cover the surface of the coarse aggregates by 1cm, and cover with the sealing cover 21b. Start the motor 6 and the electromagnetic vibration device 7. Keep the sealed loading hopper 21 stationary, and the mesh basket 21e vibrates, rotates, and stirs. At the same time, turn on the vacuum pump 20 to evacuate the sealed loading hopper 21, so that the residual air in the coarse aggregate is completely removed. After the coarse aggregate fully absorbs water and reaches saturation, turn off the system, open the sealing cover 21b, and place it on the shelf 11. Remove the sealed loading hopper 21 from the fixed support 1, put the aggregate into the water, weigh and record the mass of the coarse aggregate in the water.
[0032] The coarse aggregate water absorption saturation component has a baffle plate 21k inside the sealed loading hopper basket. When the coarse aggregate is turned over by the motor, the baffle plate 21k plays a stirring role.
[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 8As shown, the saturated surface-drying assembly includes: a stiff-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric 30 and a loading tank 31; the stiff-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric has through holes 30a on both sides; the loading tank 31 includes two semi-cylindrical cavities, rollers 31a, bearings 31b on the loading tank, a central shaft groove 31c, a gear 31d, a material separator plate 31e on the loading tank, and a stainless steel hook-and-loop lock 31g; the two semi-cylindrical cavities are fastened together by the stainless steel hook-and-loop lock 31g; the specifications of the loading tank 31 are a height of 30cm and a bottom radius of 10cm; the rollers 31a have two... Bearings are installed at both ends of the roller 31a. The bearings at both ends of the roller 31a are installed on the side of the loading hopper 31. The hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric 30 is placed inside the loading hopper 31. It is placed in the middle of the roller 31a. During the saturated surface drying process, the sealed loading hopper 21 in the device is removed during the coarse aggregate water absorption saturation treatment operation. The coarse aggregate in the water absorption saturation state is loaded into the two semi-cylindrical cavities of the loading hopper 31 respectively. The loading hopper 31 is installed inside the cylindrical shell 2, and the axis of the loading hopper 31 coincides with that of the cylindrical shell 2. The central shaft groove 31c of the loading hopper 31 is connected to the fixed extension. The two convex grooves of the retractable shaft 4 and the rotating shaft 12 are fitted together and tightly connected by mortise and tenon joints; the gear 31d is installed on the loading barrel 31, and the arc-shaped movable gear 9 rotates downward around the hinge point, with the lower limit card 15a locking the moving rod 9a; the gear 31d meshes with the arc-shaped movable gear 9; the motor 6 and the electromagnetic vibration device 7 are turned on, and the motor 6 drives the loading barrel 31 to rotate at a uniform speed, and the coarse aggregate rotates at a uniform speed along with the loading barrel 31, while the gear 31d rotates on 1 / 8 of the circumference of the loading barrel 31; at the same time, the gear 31d interacts with the hard-edged pure cotton. The through holes 30a on both sides of the undershirt fabric engage, causing the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric 30 to move upwards. The upper and lower rollers 31a rotate, and the two lower rollers 31a squeeze water outwards from the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric 30. At the same time as the two lower rollers rotate, they apply an outward squeezing force to the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric. When the loading bucket 31 rotates once, the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric 30 completes one reciprocating motion. When no water droplets drip from the squeezed hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric 30, the coarse aggregate reaches a saturated surface-dry state, and the system is shut down. The loading bucket 31 is then removed.
[0034] Similar to the coarse aggregate water absorption saturation component, a partition plate 21k is installed inside the sealed loading hopper basket, which serves the same purpose of stirring. Similarly, a partition plate 21k is installed inside the loading hopper of the saturated surface dry component. When the coarse aggregate is turned over by the motor, the partition plate 21k stirs the coarse aggregate inside the loading hopper of the saturated surface dry component.
[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8As shown: The components for rapid drying include: wire mesh 40 and blower 41; during rapid drying, the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt 30 in the device is removed during the saturated surface-drying process; the pure cotton undershirt 30 is not connected to the loading hopper 31 and is placed on the shelf 11; the wire mesh 40 is installed inside the loading hopper 31; the coarse aggregate in the saturated surface-drying state is first roughly divided into equal parts and weighed, and then loaded into the two semi-cylindrical cavities of the loading hopper 31; the wire mesh 40 separates the two parts of coarse aggregate; the arc-shaped movable gear 9 rotates upward around the hinge point, and the upper limit card 16a locks the moving rod 9a; the gear 31d disengages from the arc-shaped movable gear 9; the blower 41 is electrically connected to the control system 8; the motor 6, the electromagnetic vibration device 7, and the blower 41 are turned on, so that the coarse aggregate rotates at a uniform speed with the loading hopper 31. When the coarse aggregate reaches the dried state, the system is turned off, the loading hopper 31 is removed, and the dried mass of the coarse aggregate is weighed and recorded.
[0036] The process of coarse aggregate water saturation treatment is as follows: Weigh a certain mass of coarse aggregate of different particle sizes according to specifications and place it in the mesh basket 21e. Cover the basket with the mesh basket cover 21f, add water to cover the surface of the coarse aggregate by 1 cm, and then cover with the sealing cover 21b. The sealed loading hopper 21 is aligned with the axis of the cylindrical outer shell 2 and is securely installed inside the cylindrical outer shell 2. A groove 21j and bearing 21c are provided at the central axis of the sealed loading hopper 21, which are tightly connected to the fixed telescopic shaft 4 and the protrusion 13 on the fixed bracket to ensure that the sealed loading hopper 21 does not rotate. A groove 21g is provided at the center of the mesh basket 21e and is connected to the rotating shaft. The 12 convex grooves correspond tightly and can drive the mesh basket 21e to rotate; turn on the motor 6 and the electromagnetic vibration device 7, keep the sealed loading barrel 21 stationary, and the mesh basket 21e will vibrate, rotate and stir; at the same time, turn on the vacuum pump 20 to draw a vacuum into the sealed loading barrel 21, so that the residual air in the coarse aggregate is completely removed, and the coarse aggregate fully absorbs water and reaches saturation. Then, turn off the system, open the sealing cover 21b and put it on the shelf 11; remove the sealed loading barrel 21 from the fixed support 1, put the aggregate into the water, weigh and record the mass of the coarse aggregate in the water.
[0037] Saturated surface drying process: The coarse aggregate, saturated with water, is loaded into the two semi-cylindrical cavities of the loading hopper 31. A stiff-edged pure cotton undershirt 30 is placed inside the loading hopper 31. The two semi-cylindrical cavities are aligned and locked with stainless steel hook-and-loop fasteners 31g. The loading hopper 31 is then installed inside the cylindrical outer shell 2, with the axis of the loading hopper 31 coinciding with that of the cylindrical outer shell 2. A groove 31c and a bearing 31b are provided at the central axis of the loading hopper 31, corresponding to the two convex grooves of the fixed telescopic shaft 4 and the rotating shaft 12, achieving a tight connection. Open... The electric motor 6 and the electromagnetic vibration device 7 drive the loading hopper 31 to rotate at a uniform speed, and the coarse aggregate rotates at the same speed along with the loading hopper 31. The arc-shaped movable gear 9 on the fixed bracket meshes with gear 31d, causing gear 31d to rotate on 1 / 8 of the circumference of the loading hopper 31. At the same time, gear 31d meshes with the through hole 30a on the hard-edged cotton undershirt fabric, driving the hard-edged cotton undershirt fabric 30 to move upward. The upper roller 31a starts to rotate, and the hard-edged cotton undershirt fabric 30 is squeezed outward by the action of the two lower rollers 31a. One rotation of the loading hopper 31 completes one reciprocating motion of the hard-edged cotton undershirt fabric 30. When no water droplets drip from the squeezed hard-edged cotton undershirt fabric 30, the coarse aggregate reaches a saturated surface-dry state, the system is shut down, and the loading hopper 31 is removed.
[0038] Rapid drying process: Replace the stiff-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric 30 with wire mesh 40 and install it in the loading hopper 31; during loading, first divide the coarse aggregate in a saturated surface-dry state into approximately equal portions and weigh them, then load them into the two semi-cylindrical cavities of the loading hopper 31; the wire mesh 40 separates the two portions of coarse aggregate, aligns the coarse aggregate in the two semi-cylindrical cavities, and locks them with stainless steel hook and loop locks 31g, tightly connecting the loading hopper 31 to the fixed telescopic shaft 4 and the rotating shaft 12, and disengaging the arc-shaped movable gear 9 from the gear 31d; turn on the motor 6, the electromagnetic vibration device 7, and the blower 41, so that the coarse aggregate rotates at a uniform speed along with the loading hopper 31. Once the coarse aggregate reaches the dried state, turn off the system, remove the loading hopper 31, weigh and record the dried quality of the coarse aggregate.
[0039] Based on the above data, calculate the apparent relative density, surface dry relative density, bulk relative density, and water absorption rate of the aggregate according to the standard formula.
[0040] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural changes made based on the content of the present invention specification, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, fall within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A rapid testing device for the density and water absorption rate of coarse aggregates, characterized in that: The system includes a permanent structure, a coarse aggregate water absorption and saturation treatment component, a saturated surface drying component, and a rapid drying component. The permanent structure includes a fixed support, a cylindrical outer shell, a fixed telescopic shaft, a motor, an electromagnetic vibration device, a control system, a rotating shaft, and an arc-shaped movable gear. The saturated surface drying treatment component includes a stiff-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric and a loading hopper. The loading hopper includes two semi-cylindrical cavities, a roller, a bearing on the loading hopper, a central shaft groove, a gear, and a stainless steel latch lock. The fixed telescopic shaft, cylindrical outer shell, and rotating shaft of the permanent structure have coincident axes. The cylindrical outer shell consists of the fixed telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft... The shaft is horizontally suspended on a fixed bracket; one end of the arc-shaped movable gear is equipped with a moving rod; the other end is hinged to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell, and the arc-shaped movable gear can rotate around the hinge point; at the intersection of the rotation plane of the arc-shaped movable gear and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell, there is a limiting structure in the meshing state and a limiting structure in the disengaging state; the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric of the saturated surface-drying component has through holes on both sides, and the two semi-cylindrical cavities are fastened together by stainless steel hook and loop fasteners; bearings are installed at both ends of the roller, and the bearings at both ends of the roller are installed on the side of the loading hopper. The stiff-edged pure cotton undershirt is placed inside the loading barrel, positioned in the middle of the roller; during saturated surface-drying treatment, the loading barrel is installed inside the cylindrical outer shell, with the loading barrel and the cylindrical outer shell's axis coinciding; the central shaft groove of the loading barrel is tightly connected to the fixed telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft; a gear is installed on the loading barrel, and the arc-shaped movable gear rotates downwards around the hinge point. The arc-shaped movable gear is limited by the meshing limiting structure, and the gear meshes with the arc-shaped movable gear; when the motor and electromagnetic vibration equipment are turned on, the motor drives the loading barrel to rotate at a uniform speed, and the coarse aggregate moves along with the loading barrel. The gear rotates at a constant speed on the arc-shaped movable gear; at the same time, the gear meshes with the through holes on the left and right sides of the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric, driving the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric to move upward. The upper and lower rollers rotate, and while the two lower rollers rotate, they apply an outward squeezing force to the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric. When the loading barrel rotates once, the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric completes one reciprocating motion. During the rapid drying process, the arc-shaped movable gear rotates upward around the hinge point. The arc-shaped movable gear is limited by the limiting structure of the disengaged state, and the gear disengages from the arc-shaped movable gear.
2. The rapid testing device for coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc length of the movable gear is equal to 1 / 8 of the circumference of the loading barrel. When the motor and electromagnetic vibration device are turned on, the motor drives the loading barrel to rotate at a constant speed. The coarse aggregate rotates at a constant speed along with the loading barrel. The gear rotates on 1 / 8 of the circumference of the loading barrel, realizing the reciprocating motion of the hard-edged pure cotton undershirt fabric.
3. The rapid testing device for coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical outer shell has a lower limiting slot, an upper limiting slot, a lower limiting card, and an upper limiting card. At the intersection of the rotating plane of the arc-shaped movable gear and the inner wall of the cylindrical outer shell, when the arc-shaped movable gear rotates upward around the hinge point, the moving rod slides along the upper limiting slot. When it slides to the upper limiting card, the upper limiting card locks the moving rod in a disengaged limiting structure. When the arc-shaped movable gear rotates downward around the hinge point, the moving rod slides along the lower limiting slot. When it slides to the lower limiting card, the lower limiting card locks the moving rod in an engaged limiting structure.
4. The rapid testing device for coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric motor is mounted on a fixed bracket; the electric motor is connected to the rotating shaft for drive; the electromagnetic vibration device is securely mounted on the inner wall of the cylindrical shell; the electric motor, the electromagnetic vibration device, and the control system circuit are connected; the electromagnetic vibration device vibrates, causing the cylindrical shell to shake.
5. The rapid testing device for coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent structure also includes shelves; the fixed support of the permanent structure has a groove; the coarse aggregate water absorption saturation treatment assembly includes: a sealed loading hopper and a vacuum pump; the sealed loading hopper includes a hopper wall, a sealed cover, a hopper bearing, a vacuum port, a wire basket, a wire basket cover, a shaft on the wire basket, and a shaft that rotatably connects the wire basket to the sealed outer shell; the hopper wall has a groove at its central axis; during coarse aggregate water absorption saturation treatment, the sealed loading hopper is horizontally suspended inside the cylindrical outer shell by a fixed telescopic shaft and a rotating shaft; the groove of the sealed loading hopper is tightly connected to the groove on the fixed support, the groove on the fixed support limits the movement, and the sealed loading hopper does not rotate. The process involves: a wire mesh basket placed inside the sealed material container; a shaft on the wire mesh basket engaging with the bearings of the sealed material container; a rotating shaft of a permanent structure connected to the shaft on the wire mesh basket; a vacuum pump mounted on a fixed bracket, connected to the vacuum port pipeline on the sealed material container, and connected to the control system circuit; the motor and electromagnetic vibration device are turned on, the sealed material container remains stationary, and the motor drives the wire mesh basket to rotate; the electromagnetic vibration device vibrates the wire mesh basket, while the vacuum pump simultaneously draws a vacuum from the sealed material container; during saturated surface drying, the sealed material container is not connected to the cylindrical outer shell, and the sealed material container is placed on a shelf; the material container is installed inside the cylindrical outer shell.
6. The rapid testing device for coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent structure also includes shelves; the components for rapid drying include: wire mesh and blower; during rapid drying, the stiff-edged cotton undershirt fabric is removed from the loading hopper during the saturated surface-drying operation; the cotton undershirt fabric is not connected to the loading hopper and is placed on the shelves; the wire mesh is installed inside the loading hopper; the coarse aggregate in the saturated surface-drying state is respectively loaded into two semi-cylindrical cavities of the loading hopper; the wire mesh separates the two parts of coarse aggregate; the arc-shaped movable gear rotates upward around the hinge point, and the upper limit card locks the moving rod; the gear disengages from the arc-shaped movable gear; the blower is connected to the control system circuit.
7. The rapid testing device for coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a material separator plate; during the water saturation treatment of coarse aggregate, the material separator plate is placed inside the sealed loading hopper basket; during the saturated surface drying treatment, the material separator plate is placed inside the loading hopper of the saturated surface drying component; when the motor drives the loading hopper to rotate, the material separator plate drives the coarse aggregate to tumble and mix.
8. The rapid testing device for coarse aggregate density and water absorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent structure also includes a water receiving trough; the water receiving trough is located below the cylindrical outer shell and is mounted on a fixed bracket.