Electrochemical energy storage power plant fire protection system

Abstract

The present application aims at overcoming the deficiency that the existing electrochemical energy storage power station fire is complex and a single fire extinguishing system is difficult to meet the demand, and provides an electrochemical energy storage power station fire extinguishing system, which organically integrates a clean gas fire extinguishing device and a liquid fire extinguishing agent device in a set of fire extinguishing system through sharing a set of control system and fire extinguishing pipeline, adopts a bus to realize collection of multiple detection information, presets multiple fire suppression and extinguishing methods for different fire occurrence points and scales through automatic control of the shared pipeline system, realizes multi-level precise fire fighting, greatly improves the response speed of fire fighting and the efficiency of cooling and fire extinguishing, greatly reduces the loss caused by the fire fighting process of the energy storage power station, realizes the standardization of the fire extinguishing system, reduces the engineering quantity of the fire extinguishing system, saves the cost, and has high practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochemical energy storage, and in particular to a fire protection system for an electrochemical energy storage power station. Background Technology

[0002] my country's energy storage industry is experiencing rapid growth, with an increasing number of electrochemical energy storage power stations being installed. However, the lithium-ion batteries used in mainstream electrochemical energy storage power stations are inherently dangerous chemical components containing high-energy substances, leading to frequent fires. Therefore, a comprehensive and dedicated fire suppression system is essential. Lithium-ion batteries have high energy density, resulting in rapid fire development and significant damage. Their thermal runaway characteristics differ from traditional building fires and other types of fires, making them difficult to extinguish once started and prone to reignition. In the energy storage field, lithium-ion batteries are typically used in large groups. If the thermal runaway of a single battery is not controlled promptly, it can easily spread to neighboring batteries, ultimately leading to a large-scale fire. A more effective solution is to promptly and precisely cool down and suppress the thermal runaway of a single lithium battery in its early stages. Traditional single-fire suppression measures are often insufficient for the precise fire suppression needs of energy storage power stations; the extinguishing action is delayed, imprecise, and cannot prevent reignition through repeated fire suppression. Water is a highly efficient cooling and extinguishing agent; a continuous large volume of water can effectively suppress thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries. However, applying large amounts of water-based extinguishing agents in the early stages of thermal runaway or in the event of a localized fire can render the entire system's batteries and electrical equipment unusable. Therefore, energy storage power stations typically employ extinguishing schemes primarily using clean gaseous extinguishing agents such as heptafluoropropane and perfluorohexanone. Since gaseous extinguishing agents are not effective in suppressing widespread fires within energy storage power stations in the later stages of a fire, some energy storage power stations utilize a dual system of clean gas and water spray to enhance fire safety. However, this approach requires the deployment of two independent control and piping systems, increasing engineering complexity and system cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing fire-fighting solutions for electrochemical energy storage systems and to provide a fire cabinet and fire-fighting system for electrochemical energy storage power stations. This system organically integrates a gas extinguishing system and a liquid extinguishing system, sharing a common control system and fire-fighting piping. The fire cabinet is installed in the battery compartment of the electrochemical energy storage power station. It can collect alarm information via a bus and quickly and accurately assess the fire situation. Through a unified control circuit, feedback circuit, and piping system, it achieves multi-level precise cooling and suppression of thermal runaway occurring within the battery compartment of the energy storage power station. In the early stages of a localized fire within the battery compartment, it uses a clean extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire promptly and accurately. If the fire reignites within the battery compartment, it continuously cools and extinguishes the fire. When gas extinguishing agents repeatedly fail to suppress thermal runaway within the battery compartment, it automatically connects a liquid extinguishing agent for cooling and extinguishing. When thermal runaway spreads beyond the battery compartment, causing a large-scale fire throughout the entire energy storage power station compartment, it activates a liquid water mist system to continuously cool and suppress the entire compartment, preventing more serious catastrophic accidents. This invention integrates two fire protection systems into a single fire cabinet, standardizing detection and control information via a bus. Utilizing a unified control system and shared piping, it enables multiple fire suppression and extinguishing modes, achieving multi-level precision firefighting. This not only significantly improves the response speed and efficiency of fire suppression and cooling, but also reduces losses during firefighting. Because the integrated fire cabinet achieves system modularity and standardization, it reduces design and construction work during the construction of energy storage power stations, greatly saving costs and demonstrating high practicality.

[0004] Technical solution:

[0005] An electrochemical energy storage power station fire protection system includes a fire extinguishing device array, a liquid fire extinguishing agent storage tank, a centralized control module, a fire extinguishing agent transfer pump, an internal fire extinguishing agent pipeline, a liquid fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline, a display screen, and a power module. The gas fire extinguishing device array consists of multiple fire extinguishing device storage tanks. Each fire extinguishing device storage tank is connected to the internal fire extinguishing agent pipeline via a fire extinguishing device drive valve at its tank opening. The liquid fire extinguishing agent storage tank is connected to the liquid fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline via the fire extinguishing agent transfer pump. The liquid fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline branches into two paths after passing through a check valve; one path is selected by the fire extinguishing agent pipeline. One valve connects to the extinguishing agent pipeline inside the cabinet, and the other connects to the fire protection pipeline inside the compartment via the compartment pipeline selection valve. The extinguishing agent pipeline inside the cabinet connects to the external extinguishing agent pipeline via the extinguishing agent output selection valve. The centralized control module can output multiple electric drive lines, which are electrically connected to each fire extinguishing device drive valve, extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve, compartment pipeline selection valve, extinguishing agent output selection valve, and extinguishing agent transfer pump, respectively. The centralized control module is also connected to the display screen. The power supply module is electrically connected to the centralized control module to supply power. All of the above components are installed inside the fire cabinet shell.

[0006] The liquid extinguishing agent storage tank is filled with water-based extinguishing agent, and the extinguishing agent storage tank is connected to the external fire water supply pipeline through an automatic water replenishment valve.

[0007] The fire extinguishing device's storage tank contains extinguishing agents including perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, a mixed inert gas, carbon dioxide, or nitrogen. An electronic pressure gauge is installed on the storage tank, and the electronic pressure gauge is connected to a centralized control module via a feedback signal line.

[0008] An electronic pressure gauge is installed on the liquid extinguishing agent supply pipeline, and the centralized control module is connected to the electronic pressure gauge via a feedback signal line.

[0009] The centralized control module supports standard bus communication. It is connected to the battery box fire detection and control device via an alarm bus and a power line. The battery box fire detection and control device integrates a combustible gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a smoke sensor. Each battery box in the electrochemical energy storage power station is equipped with a battery box fire detection and control device and a fire extinguishing agent release valve. The battery box fire detection and control device is installed inside the battery box, has an electric drive function, and is electrically connected to the fire extinguishing agent release valve via a fire extinguishing agent release valve drive line. The fire extinguishing agent release valve is installed on the battery box wall, with the release port inside the battery box and the other end connected to the fire extinguishing agent pipeline.

[0010] The centralized control module supports standard bus communication. The centralized control module is connected to one, two or more fire detection devices through an alarm bus and a power line. The fire detection devices are installed inside the energy storage power station cabin and include smoke detectors, infrared detectors, combustible gas detectors and / or flame detectors.

[0011] The fire-fighting pipelines outside the fire cabinet are the spray pipelines of the water spray, water mist or fine water mist fire extinguishing system installed inside the chemical energy storage power station.

[0012] The centralized control module is connected to an external audible and visual alarm via a drive line and to an external manual fire alarm button via a feedback signal line.

[0013] The centralized control module communicates with other systems via communication lines.

[0014] The power module consists of a transformer and a backup battery, with the transformer connected to an external power source.

[0015] The automatic fire extinguishing method of the fire cabinet can be set via the display screen. A typical automatic fire extinguishing method is as follows:

[0016] 1) The fire detection and control device for battery box m detected a thermal anomaly inside the battery box:

[0017] Close or confirm that the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve is closed, and sequentially open the extinguishing agent release valve, extinguishing agent output selection valve of the m-th battery box, and the extinguishing device drive valve of a non-empty extinguishing device storage tank to inject the extinguishing agent into the m-th battery box for cooling and extinguishing. Then, after a set time period, read the data detected by the fire detection and control device to judge the cooling and extinguishing effect.

[0018] 2) The fire detection and control device for battery box m detects an abnormal thermal condition inside the battery box and has repeated the number of steps set in step 1), and the abnormal thermal condition inside the battery box has not been alleviated, or there are no non-air extinguishing device tanks left in the gas extinguishing device array:

[0019] Sequentially open the extinguishing agent release valve, extinguishing agent output selection valve, and extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve of battery box m; close or confirm that the compartment pipeline selection valve is closed; start the extinguishing agent transfer pump to spray water-based extinguishing agent into battery box m for cooling and extinguishing fire.

[0020] 3) The fire detection device detected a fire, the gas extinguishing device array contains non-air extinguishing device tanks for metering the extinguishing agent required for the energy storage power station compartment, and the internal temperature of the energy storage power station compartment does not exceed the set value:

[0021] Close or confirm that the extinguishing agent output selection valve is closed, open the compartment pipeline selection valve, the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve, and the extinguishing device drive valve of the non-empty extinguishing device storage tank for the required extinguishing agent metering, inject the extinguishing agent into the energy storage power station compartment for fire extinguishing through the compartment fire pipeline, and then continuously read the data detected by the fire detection device for a set time period to judge the fire extinguishing effect.

[0022] 4) The fire detection device detects a fire, the internal temperature of the energy storage power station compartment exceeds the set value, or step 3) has been repeated a set number of times and the fire detection device still detects the fire spreading, or there are no more non-air extinguishing tanks in the gas extinguishing device array that require the required extinguishing agent metering:

[0023] Close or confirm that the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve is closed, open the compartment pipeline selection valve, and start the extinguishing agent transfer pump to inject water-based extinguishing agent into the compartment fire-fighting pipeline to extinguish the fire in the energy storage power station compartment.

[0024] 5) The fire detection and control device for battery box m detected a thermal anomaly inside the battery box. Simultaneously, the fire detection device detected a fire. The gas extinguishing device array contains a non-air extinguishing device tank for metering the extinguishing agent required for the energy storage power station compartment. The internal temperature of the energy storage power station compartment did not exceed the set value.

[0025] The extinguishing agent release valve, extinguishing agent output selection valve, compartment pipeline selection valve, extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve, and extinguishing device drive valve of the non-air extinguishing device storage tank for the required extinguishing agent metering of the m-th battery box are opened sequentially to inject the extinguishing agent into the m-th battery box and the compartment fire pipeline for extinguishing. Then, after a set time period, the fire detection control device in the m-th battery box and the data measured by the fire detection device are read to determine the extinguishing effect.

[0026] 6) The fire detection and control device for battery box m detected a thermal anomaly inside the battery box. There are no non-air extinguishing device tanks left in the gas extinguishing device array. Simultaneously, the fire detection device detected a fire.

[0027] The extinguishing agent release valve, extinguishing agent output selection valve, compartment pipeline selection valve, and extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve of battery box m are opened in sequence. The extinguishing agent transfer pump is started to inject water-based extinguishing agent into the fire pipeline of battery box m and compartment, and at the same time, the fire is extinguished in battery box m and energy storage power station compartment.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention

[0029] In chemical energy storage power station projects, achieving the desired fire prevention and control effect requires the coordinated implementation of multiple levels of fire suppression and firefighting measures. This invention organically integrates a gaseous fire extinguishing system and a liquid fire extinguishing system using clean fire extinguishing agents, sharing a single detection and control system and fire pipeline. It can precisely extinguish fires at various stages and in varying degrees of severity, including the initial stage of thermal runaway in individual batteries inside the battery box, thermal runaway spreading within the battery box, electrical fires in the energy storage power station compartment, and severe fires occurring simultaneously in the battery box and the energy storage power station compartment. By controlling the valves through the internal fire extinguishing agent pipeline, it applies appropriate fire extinguishing agents and extinguishing modes to precisely extinguish fires, improving fire extinguishing efficiency and avoiding the scrapping of the entire high-value system due to excessive firefighting measures such as activating all fire extinguishing devices due to localized thermal runaway or using water-based fire extinguishing in the early stages of a fire. This invention employs an array of fire extinguishing devices to facilitate control over the amount of extinguishing agent used in a single activation, avoiding the depletion of the extinguishing agent in the system at once. Multiple extinguishing agent storage tanks can provide one-to-one prevention and control for thermal runaway in different battery boxes, and can repeatedly spray extinguishing agent into the battery box experiencing thermal runaway for continuous cooling and fire suppression, strictly preventing common battery reignition phenomena. This invention also utilizes an extinguishing agent delivery pump to drive water-based extinguishing agent in the extinguishing agent storage tank as a powerful fire extinguishing method. It can also be connected to an external fire water supply pipeline via an automatic water replenishment valve to replenish extinguishing water at any time, achieving unlimited water supply for continuous fire suppression and maximizing the prevention of further fire spread. This invention integrates two fire protection systems into a single fire cabinet, standardizing detection and control information through a bus, and utilizing a unified control system and shared piping to achieve multiple fire suppression and extinguishing modes. It realizes the modularization and standardization of the energy storage fire protection system, not only achieving multi-level precise fire suppression, but also greatly improving the response speed of fire suppression, enhancing the efficiency of cooling and extinguishing, and reducing additional losses caused during the fire suppression process. Because integrated fire cabinets enable modularization and standardization of the system, they can reduce the amount of design and construction work during the construction of energy storage power stations, greatly saving costs and project implementation time, and are highly practical. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fire cabinet structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fire extinguishing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto:

[0034] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment of the invention, the fire cabinet of the electrochemical energy storage power station includes a fire extinguishing device array 1, a liquid fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2, a centralized control module 3, a fire extinguishing agent transfer pump 4, a fire extinguishing agent pipeline 5 inside the cabinet, a liquid fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline 6, a display screen 8, and a power module 9. The gas fire extinguishing device array 1 consists of 22 fire extinguishing device storage tanks 10. A fire extinguishing device drive valve 20 is installed at the tank opening of each fire extinguishing device storage tank 10, and the fire extinguishing device drive valve 20 is connected to the fire extinguishing agent pipeline 5 inside the cabinet. The liquid extinguishing agent storage tank 2 is connected to the liquid extinguishing agent supply pipeline 6 via the extinguishing agent transfer pump 4. The liquid extinguishing agent supply pipeline 6 is divided into two lines after passing through the check valve 24. One line is connected to the extinguishing agent pipeline 5 inside the cabinet via the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve 21, and the other line is connected to the fire extinguishing pipeline 45 outside the fire cabinet via the compartment pipeline selection valve 22. The extinguishing agent pipeline 5 inside the cabinet is connected to the extinguishing agent pipeline 51 outside the fire cabinet via the extinguishing agent output selection valve 23.

[0035] The centralized control module 3 is a control circuit integrating a microprocessor chip, communication chip, relays, and other auxiliary electronic components onto a single circuit board. It has two CAN protocol communication interfaces. Multiple electric drive lines 31 are connected to the circuit board and electrically connect to the drive valve 20, extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve 21, compartment pipeline selection valve 22, extinguishing agent output selection valve 23, and extinguishing agent delivery pump 4 of each fire extinguishing device. The fire extinguishing device drive valve 20 is a diaphragm-type electric valve, while the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve 21, compartment pipeline selection valve 22, and extinguishing agent output selection valve 23 are all solenoid valves. The centralized control module 3 can also connect to multiple feedback signal lines 32 to receive external feedback signals.

[0036] The fire extinguishing device storage tank 10 is a fire extinguishing device containing 2 kg of heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent. An electronic pressure gauge 12 is also installed at the opening of the storage tank. The electronic pressure gauge 12 is connected to the centralized control module 3 through the feedback signal line 32.

[0037] The liquid extinguishing agent storage tank 2 is a stainless steel water tank containing water-based extinguishing agent. The upper part of the extinguishing agent storage tank 2 has an automatic water replenishment interface that can be connected to the external fire water supply pipeline 27. An automatic water replenishment valve 26 is installed in the automatic water replenishment interface. When the liquid level in the tank is low, the automatic water replenishment valve 26 is opened to replenish the fire water.

[0038] A display screen 8 is installed on the upper front side of the fire cabinet shell 41. The centralized control module 3 communicates with the display screen 8 via an RS485 communication line. The display screen model is SK-070GE. A power module 9 is installed on the lower front side of the fire cabinet shell 41. The power module consists of a transformer and a backup battery. The transformer is connected to an external power source 40, and the battery is an 80AH lithium-ion battery connected to the centralized control module 3. It can supply power to the fire protection system when there is no external power source.

[0039] An electronic pressure gauge 39 is installed on the liquid extinguishing agent supply pipeline 6. The centralized control module 3 is connected to the electronic pressure gauge 39 through the feedback signal line 32. The pressure in the pipeline is automatically adjusted by the feedback of the electronic pressure gauge to maintain the water pressure in the pipeline so that the fine water mist spraying system can work better.

[0040] All of the above components are installed inside the fire cabinet shell 41, which is a vertical metal cabinet.

[0041] In this embodiment, the energy storage power station is a containerized electrochemical energy storage power station. The energy storage power station compartment 46 is a standard 40-foot container compartment. Lithium-ion batteries are installed inside battery boxes 42, which are arranged in clusters within the energy storage container. Each battery box 42 is equipped with a battery box fire detection and control device 36 and a fire extinguishing agent release valve 25. The battery box fire detection and control device 36 can be implemented with reference to the fire early warning control device in the applicant's prior application 2017101215521. The battery box fire detection and control device 36 is installed inside the battery box 42 and has… The battery box fire detection and control device 36 has a backup power drive function and is electrically connected to the fire extinguishing agent release valve 25 via the fire extinguishing agent release valve drive line 35. The fire extinguishing agent release valve 25 is an electric valve installed on the wall of the battery box 42, with the release port inside the battery box 42 and the other end connected to the fire extinguishing agent pipeline 51. The battery box fire detection and control device 36 integrates a combustible gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a smoke sensor, and is connected to the centralized control module 3 via the alarm bus 33 and the power line 34. The alarm bus is a standard CAN bus, and the centralized control module 3 supplies power to the battery box fire detection and control device 36 via the power line.

[0042] The centralized control module 3 is also connected to the fire detection device 37 installed inside the energy storage power station compartment 46 via the alarm bus 33 and the power line 34. In this case, the fire detection device 37 includes two smoke detectors, two infrared detectors and two combustible gas detectors.

[0043] Above the chemical energy storage power station compartment 46, a compartment fire-fighting pipeline 45 is installed, which is a set of fine water mist fire extinguishing system spray pipelines.

[0044] An audible and visual alarm 43 and a manual fire-fighting button 44 are also installed on the wall of the chemical energy storage power station compartment 46. The centralized control module 3 drives the external audible and visual alarm 43 through the drive line 31 and receives the switch signal of the manual fire-fighting button 44 through the feedback signal line 32.

[0045] The centralized control module 3 can also communicate with other systems through the communication line 38 to transmit fire alarm signals to the superior system in a timely manner.

[0046] The automatic fire extinguishing method of the fire cabinet can be set via the display screen 8, combined with... Figure 3 The following demonstrates a typical automatic fire suppression method, with all battery boxes 42 numbered for easy location and identification:

[0047] 1) The fire detection and control device 36 of battery box m detected a thermal anomaly inside the battery box:

[0048] The centralized control module 3, via the electric drive line 31, closes or confirms the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve 21 is closed, and sequentially opens the extinguishing agent release valve 25 of the m-th battery box, the extinguishing agent output selection valve 23, and the extinguishing device drive valve 20 of a non-empty extinguishing device storage tank 10, injecting extinguishing agent into the m-th battery box for cooling and extinguishing. Then, after a set time period, it reads the data detected by the fire detection and control device 36 to judge the cooling and extinguishing effect. This set time period is determined based on the time when the batteries in the battery box may reignite or thermal runaway spread. The calculation of the time can refer to the scheme of the applicant's earlier application 2017101215521, and in this embodiment it is 2 minutes.

[0049] 2) The fire detection and control device 36 of battery box m detected a thermal anomaly inside the battery box and has repeated step 1) three times. Furthermore, the fire detection and control device 36 of battery box m detected no relief from the thermal anomaly inside the battery box. Refer to the fire assessment criteria in the applicant's earlier application 2017101215521, or the gas extinguishing device array 1.

[0050] There are no longer any non-air-cooled fire extinguishing equipment storage tanks in China:

[0051] Sequentially open the extinguishing agent release valve 25, the extinguishing agent output selection valve 23, and the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve of battery box m.

[0052] 21. Close or confirm that the compartment piping selection valve 22 is closed, and start the extinguishing agent transfer pump 4 to inject the water-based extinguishing agent into the m-th compartment.

[0053] Cooling down and extinguishing the fire in the battery box;

[0054] 3) Fire detection device 37 detected a fire. There are 21 non-air extinguishing device storage tanks 10 in the gas extinguishing device array 1. This amount is calculated based on the extinguishing agent concentration required for the actual internal space of a 40-foot container. Furthermore, the temperature measured inside the energy storage power station compartment 46 did not exceed 130 degrees Celsius.

[0055] Close or confirm that the extinguishing agent output selection valve 23 is closed, and open the compartment pipeline selection valve 22 and the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve.

[0056] 21. The fire extinguishing device drive valve 20 of the 21 non-air fire extinguishing device storage tanks 10 injects the fire extinguishing agent into the energy storage power station compartment 46 through the compartment fire pipeline 45 to extinguish the fire. Then, after 3 minutes, the data detected by the fire detection device 37 is read continuously to judge the fire extinguishing effect. The judgment method is the same as method 1.

[0057] 4) Fire detection device 37 detects a fire, the internal temperature of energy storage power station compartment 46 exceeds 130 degrees Celsius, or step 3) has been repeated once and the fire detection device still detects the development of the fire, or the gas extinguishing device array 1...

[0058] There are no longer 21 non-air-filled fire extinguishing equipment storage tanks in China.

[0059] Close or confirm that the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve 21 is closed, open the compartment pipeline selection valve 22, and start the extinguishing agent transfer pump 4.

[0060] Water-based fire extinguishing agent was continuously injected into the fire-fighting pipeline of compartment 45 to extinguish the fire in compartment 46 of the energy storage power station.

[0061] 5) The fire detection and control device 36 of battery box m detected a thermal anomaly inside the battery box, and at the same time, the fire detection device 37 detected a fire. There are 22 non-air extinguishing device storage tanks 10 in the gas extinguishing device array 1. The internal temperature of the energy storage power station compartment 46 does not exceed 130 degrees Celsius.

[0062] Sequentially activate the extinguishing agent release valve 25, the extinguishing agent output selection valve 23, and the compartment piping selection valve of battery box m.

[0063] 22. The extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve 21 and the extinguishing device drive valve 20 of the 22 non-air extinguishing device storage tanks 10 sequentially inject the extinguishing agent into the m-th battery box and the fire pipeline 45 of the compartment for extinguishing. Then, after 2 minutes, the data measured by the fire detection control device 36 and the fire detection device 37 in the m-th battery box are read to judge the extinguishing effect. The judgment method is the same as that of method 1.

[0064] 6) The fire detection and control device 36 of battery box m detected a thermal anomaly inside the battery box. There is no non-air extinguishing device storage tank 10 in the gas extinguishing device array 1. At the same time, the fire detection device 37 detected a fire.

[0065] Sequentially activate the extinguishing agent release valve 25, the extinguishing agent output selection valve 23, and the compartment piping selection valve of battery box m.

[0066] 22. The fire extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve 21 starts the fire extinguishing agent transfer pump 4 to inject water-based fire extinguishing agent into the fire pipeline 45 of the m-th battery box and the compartment, and at the same time extinguishes the fire in the m-th battery box and the energy storage power station compartment 46.

[0067] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a procedural execution flow of the above method. V20 represents the fire extinguishing device drive valve 20, V21 represents the fire extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve 21, V22 represents the compartment pipeline selection valve 22, V23 represents the fire extinguishing agent output selection valve 23, V25 represents the fire extinguishing agent release valve 25, pump 4 represents the fire extinguishing agent transfer pump 4, the waiting time p is 2 minutes, q is 3 minutes, and n is 21.

[0068] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fire protection system for an electrochemical energy storage power station, characterized in that... The fire protection system includes a gas extinguishing device array, a liquid extinguishing agent storage tank, a centralized control module, an extinguishing agent transfer pump, an in-cabinet extinguishing agent pipeline, a liquid extinguishing agent supply pipeline, a display screen, and a power module. The gas extinguishing device array consists of multiple extinguishing device storage tanks, each of which is connected to the in-cabinet extinguishing agent pipeline via an extinguishing device drive valve at its inlet. The liquid extinguishing agent storage tank is connected to the liquid extinguishing agent supply pipeline via the extinguishing agent transfer pump. The liquid extinguishing agent supply pipeline branches into two paths after passing through a check valve: one path connects to the in-cabinet extinguishing agent pipeline via an extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve, and the other path connects to the compartment fire protection pipeline outside the fire cabinet via a compartment pipeline selection valve. The in-cabinet extinguishing agent pipeline is connected to the external extinguishing agent pipeline via an extinguishing agent output selection valve. The centralized control module has multiple electrically driven lines, which are electrically connected to the drive valves of each fire extinguishing device, the fire extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve, the compartment pipeline selection valve, the fire extinguishing agent output selection valve, and the fire extinguishing agent delivery pump, respectively. An electronic pressure gauge is installed on the fire extinguishing device storage tank, and the electronic pressure gauge is connected to the centralized control module via a feedback signal line. An electronic pressure gauge is installed on the liquid fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline, and the centralized control module is connected to the electronic pressure gauge via a feedback signal line. The centralized control module is also connected to a battery box fire detection and control device and a fire detection device. The centralized control module, based on the fire data transmitted by the battery box fire detection and control device and the fire detection device, as well as the pressure signals transmitted by the electronic pressure gauge and the pipeline electronic pressure gauge, performs preset program calculations and outputs drive control signals for the corresponding level of fire extinguishing scheme. This drives the fire extinguishing device drive valve, the fire extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve, the compartment pipeline selection valve, the fire extinguishing agent output selection valve, and the liquid fire extinguishing agent delivery pump to achieve multi-level precise fire fighting. The centralized control module is also communicatively connected to the display screen; the power supply module is electrically connected to the centralized control module to supply power; all of the above components are installed inside the fire cabinet casing; the automatic fire extinguishing method is set via the display screen, and the automatic fire extinguishing method is as follows: 1) The fire detection and control device for battery box m detected a thermal anomaly inside the battery box: Close or confirm that the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve is closed, and sequentially open the extinguishing agent release valve, extinguishing agent output selection valve of the m-th battery box, and the extinguishing device drive valve of a non-empty extinguishing device storage tank to inject the extinguishing agent into the m-th battery box for cooling and extinguishing. Then, after a set time period, read the data detected by the fire detection and control device to judge the cooling and extinguishing effect. 2) The fire detection and control device for battery box m detects an abnormal thermal condition inside the battery box and has repeated the number of steps set in step 1), and the abnormal thermal condition inside the battery box has not been alleviated, or there are no non-air extinguishing device tanks left in the gas extinguishing device array: Sequentially open the extinguishing agent release valve, extinguishing agent output selection valve, and extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve of battery box m; close or confirm that the compartment pipeline selection valve is closed; start the extinguishing agent transfer pump to spray water-based extinguishing agent into battery box m for cooling and extinguishing fire. 3) The fire detection device detected a fire, the gas extinguishing device array contains non-air extinguishing device tanks for metering the extinguishing agent required for the energy storage power station compartment, and the internal temperature of the energy storage power station compartment does not exceed the set value: Close or confirm that the extinguishing agent output selection valve is closed, open the compartment pipeline selection valve, the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve, and the extinguishing device drive valve of the non-empty extinguishing device storage tank for the required extinguishing agent metering, inject the extinguishing agent into the energy storage power station compartment for fire extinguishing through the compartment fire pipeline, and then continuously read the data detected by the fire detection device for a set time period to judge the fire extinguishing effect. 4) The fire detection device detects a fire, the internal temperature of the energy storage power station compartment exceeds the set value, or step 3) has been repeated a set number of times and the fire detection device still detects the fire spreading, or there are no more non-air extinguishing tanks in the gas extinguishing device array that require the required extinguishing agent metering: Close or confirm that the extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve is closed, open the compartment pipeline selection valve, and start the extinguishing agent transfer pump to inject water-based extinguishing agent into the compartment fire-fighting pipeline to extinguish the fire in the energy storage power station compartment. 5) The fire detection and control device for battery box m detected a thermal anomaly inside the battery box. Simultaneously, the fire detection device detected a fire. The gas extinguishing device array contains a non-air extinguishing device tank for metering the extinguishing agent required for the energy storage power station compartment. The internal temperature of the energy storage power station compartment did not exceed the set value. The extinguishing agent release valve, extinguishing agent output selection valve, compartment pipeline selection valve, extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve, and extinguishing device drive valve of the non-air extinguishing device storage tank for the required extinguishing agent metering of the m-th battery box are opened sequentially to inject the extinguishing agent into the m-th battery box and the compartment fire pipeline for extinguishing. Then, after a set time period, the fire detection control device in the m-th battery box and the data measured by the fire detection device are read to determine the extinguishing effect. 6) The fire detection and control device for battery box m detected a thermal anomaly inside the battery box. There are no non-air extinguishing device tanks left in the gas extinguishing device array. Simultaneously, the fire detection device detected a fire. The extinguishing agent release valve, extinguishing agent output selection valve, compartment pipeline selection valve, and extinguishing agent pipeline selection valve of battery box m are opened in sequence. The extinguishing agent transfer pump is started to inject water-based extinguishing agent into the fire pipeline of battery box m and compartment, and at the same time, the fire is extinguished in battery box m and energy storage power station compartment.

2. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The liquid extinguishing agent storage tank is filled with water-based extinguishing agent, and the extinguishing agent storage tank is connected to the external fire water supply pipeline through an automatic water replenishment valve.

3. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The fire extinguishing device storage tank contains extinguishing agents including perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, a mixture of inert gases, carbon dioxide, or nitrogen.

4. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The centralized control module supports standard bus communication. It is connected to the battery box fire detection and control device via an alarm bus and power line. The battery box fire detection and control device integrates combustible gas sensors, temperature sensors, and smoke sensors. Each battery box in the electrochemical energy storage power station is equipped with a battery box fire detection and control device and a fire extinguishing agent release valve. The battery box fire detection and control device is installed inside the battery box, has an electric drive function, and is electrically connected to the fire extinguishing agent release valve via a fire extinguishing agent release valve drive line. The fire extinguishing agent release valve is installed on the battery box wall, with the release port inside the battery box and the other end connected to the fire extinguishing agent pipeline.

5. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The centralized control module supports standard bus communication. The centralized control module is connected to one, two or more fire detection devices through alarm bus and power line. The fire detection devices are installed inside the energy storage power station cabin and include smoke detectors, infrared detectors, combustible gas detectors and / or flame detectors.

6. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The fire-fighting piping outside the fire cabinet is the water spray, water mist, or fine water mist fire extinguishing system discharge piping installed inside the chemical energy storage power station compartment.

7. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The centralized control module connects to external audible and visual alarms via drive lines, external manual fire buttons via feedback signal lines, and communicates with other systems via communication lines.

8. The fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The power module consists of a transformer and a backup battery, with the transformer connected to an external power source.

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