Communication device and communication method

Abstract

The communication device includes a receiving section that receives a beacon signal in a first channel, a control section that generates a sensing signal based on information contained in an extension area of the beacon signal, and a transmitting section that transmits the sensing signal in a second channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to communication devices and communication methods. Background Technology

[0002] Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose techniques for sensing objects using pulse signals. Non-Patent Document 3 discloses techniques for sensing objects based on frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) and phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW) methods. Furthermore, Non-Patent Document 4 discloses a technique for sensing objects using OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signals.

[0003] Existing technical documents

[0004] Non-patent literature

[0005] Non-patent document 1: S.Schuster, S.Scheiblhofer, R.Feger, and A.Stelzer, "Signalmodel and statistical analysis for the sequential sampling pulse radartechnique," in Proc.IEEE Radar Conf, 2008, pp.1-6, 2008

[0006] Non-patent document 2: D.Cao, T.Li, P.Kang, H.Liu, S.Zhou, H.Su, "Single-Pulse Multi-Beams Operation of Phased Array Radar", 2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR), pp.1-4, 2016

[0007] Non-patent document 3: A. Bourdoux, K. Parashar, and M. Bauduin, "Phenomenology of mutual interference of FMCW and PMCW automotive radars," in 2017 IEEE RadarConference (Radar Conf.), pp.1709-1714, 2017

[0008] Non-Patent Literature 4: J. Fink, FK Jondral, “Comparison of OFDM radar and chirp sequence radar,” in 2015 16th International Radar Symposium (IRS), pp. 315-320, 2015 Summary of the Invention

[0009] The problem the invention aims to solve

[0010] The IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is conducting discussions related to object sensing in wireless LANs (Local Area Networks).

[0011] However, specific specifications for object sensing have not yet been planned.

[0012] The non-limiting embodiments disclosed herein help to provide communication devices and communication methods capable of performing object sensing.

[0013] Solution to the problem

[0014] A communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a receiving unit that receives a beacon signal in a first channel; a control unit that generates a sensing signal based on information contained in an extended region of the beacon signal; and a transmitting unit that transmits the sensing signal in a second channel.

[0015] One embodiment of the communication apparatus disclosed herein includes: a control unit that sets information related to sensing using a first channel in an extended region of a beacon signal; and a transmission unit that transmits the beacon signal in a second channel.

[0016] In a communication method according to an embodiment of this disclosure, the communication device performs the following steps: receiving a beacon signal in a first channel; generating a sensing signal based on information contained in the extended region of the beacon signal; and transmitting the sensing signal in a second channel.

[0017] In a communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the communication device performs the following steps: setting information related to sensing using a first channel in an extended region of the beacon signal; and transmitting the beacon signal in a second channel.

[0018] It should be noted that these general or specific methods can be implemented by systems, devices, methods, integrated circuits, computer programs, or recording media, or by any combination of systems, devices, methods, integrated circuits, computer programs, and recording media.

[0019] Invention Effects

[0020] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the communication device is capable of performing object sensing.

[0021] Further advantages and effects of one embodiment of this disclosure will be illustrated by the specification and drawings. These advantages and / or effects are provided by the various embodiments and the features described in the specification and drawings, but not necessarily all of them need to be provided in order to obtain one or more of the same features. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the device according to the first embodiment.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing another example of the structure of the device according to the first embodiment.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing another example of the structure of the device according to the first embodiment.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system according to the first embodiment.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a frame used for data transmission.

[0027] Figure 6A This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a sensing frame.

[0028] Figure 6B This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a sensing frame.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a diagram representing an example of the frame status on the time axis of a certain frequency band.

[0030] Figure 8 This is another example of a diagram showing the frame status on the time axis of a certain frequency band.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the time and frequency usage status in a wireless LAN system.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the time and frequency usage status in a wireless LAN system.

[0033] Figure 11This is a diagram illustrating an example of the time and frequency usage status in a wireless LAN system.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the time and frequency usage status in a wireless LAN system.

[0035] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the time and frequency usage status in a wireless LAN system.

[0036] Figure 14 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the time and frequency usage status in a wireless LAN system.

[0037] Figure 15 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the time and frequency usage status in a wireless LAN system.

[0038] Figure 16 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a beacon.

[0039] Figure 17 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in channel aggregation.

[0040] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in channel aggregation.

[0041] Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in channel aggregation.

[0042] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in channel aggregation.

[0043] Figure 21 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in channel aggregation.

[0044] Figure 22 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in channel aggregation.

[0045] Figure 23 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in channel aggregation.

[0046] Figure 24 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in channel aggregation.

[0047] Figure 25 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in a channel bundle.

[0048] Figure 26 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in a channel bundle.

[0049] Figure 27 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in a channel bundle.

[0050] Figure 28 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in a channel bundle.

[0051] Figure 29 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in a channel bundle.

[0052] Figure 30 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in a channel bundle.

[0053] Figure 31 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0054] Figure 32 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in the second embodiment.

[0055] Figure 33 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in the second embodiment.

[0056] Figure 34 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0057] Figure 35 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in the second embodiment.

[0058] Figure 36 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0059] Figure 37 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in the second embodiment.

[0060] Figure 38 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0061] Figure 39 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0062] Figure 40 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in the second embodiment.

[0063] Figure 41 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0064] Figure 42 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure in the second embodiment.

[0065] Figure 43 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0066] Figure 44 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0067] Figure 45This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0068] Figure 46 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0069] Figure 47 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0070] Figure 48 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0071] Figure 49 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0072] Figure 50 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0073] Figure 51 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0074] Figure 52 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0075] Figure 53 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0076] Figure 54 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0077] Figure 55 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0078] Figure 56 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0079] Figure 57 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0080] Figure 58 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of the second embodiment.

[0081] Figure 59 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the communication system according to the third embodiment.

[0082] Figure 60 It is used for explanation Figure 59 A diagram illustrating the actions of a communication system.

[0083] Figure 61 It is used for explanation Figure 59 A diagram illustrating the actions of a communication system.

[0084] Figure 62A It is used for explanation Figure 59 A diagram illustrating the actions of a communication system.

[0085] Figure 62B It is used for explanation Figure 59 A diagram illustrating the actions of a communication system.

[0086] Figure 63A It means Figure 62A A sequence diagram of the actions of the terminal and AP in the diagram.

[0087] Figure 63B It means Figure 62B A sequence diagram of the actions of the terminal and AP in the diagram.

[0088] Figure 64 It is used for explanation Figure 59 A diagram illustrating another example of the operation of a communication system.

[0089] Figure 65 It is used for explanation Figure 59 A diagram illustrating another example of the operation of a communication system.

[0090] Figure 66A It is used for explanation Figure 59 A diagram illustrating another example of the operation of a communication system.

[0091] Figure 66B It is used for explanation Figure 59 A diagram illustrating another example of the operation of a communication system.

[0092] Figure 67A This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the communication system according to the fourth embodiment.

[0093] Figure 67B This is a diagram illustrating an example of resource allocation on the time-frequency axis for signals transmitted by a terminal.

[0094] Figure 68 This is a diagram illustrating an example of sensing.

[0095] Figure 69 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a device with communication and sensing functions according to the fifth embodiment.

[0096] Figure 70 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the transmission status of the terminal and the AP.

[0097] Figure 71 This diagram illustrates an example of a device with a dual-purpose (transmit and receive) antenna.

[0098] Figure 72A This is a diagram illustrating an example of a frame structure configured with intermediate codes.

[0099] Figure 72B This is a diagram illustrating an example of a frame structure configured with intermediate codes. Detailed Implementation

[0100] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with appropriate reference to the accompanying drawings. However, sometimes overly detailed descriptions will be omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of well-known matters or repetitive descriptions of substantially the same structures may be omitted. The reason for this is to avoid making the following description unnecessarily lengthy and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0101] It should be noted that the purpose of providing the drawings and the following description is to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand this disclosure, and there is no intention to limit the subject matter set forth in the claims.

[0102] In the following context, sensing can also include estimating object position, detecting object, determining object shape, estimating object movement, and estimating object gesture. The sensed object can also be referred to as the "object". Furthermore, living beings such as humans and animals can also be considered objects. Of course, the sensed object does not necessarily have to be a living being.

[0103] The primary purpose of object position estimation is to estimate the object's location. Object position estimation can also encompass both object detection and the estimation of its orientation. Triangulation based on radio waves, light, ultrasound, etc., can be used to estimate the object's location. Doppler frequencies can be used to detect the object's orientation. Additionally, the object's attitude can be estimated. It should be noted that the above descriptions are examples and are not limited to these examples.

[0104] The primary purpose of object detection is to detect objects. Object detection can also include object identification. It can also utilize the reflection or detection of reflected waves from radio waves, light, ultrasound, etc. Object detection may or may not include object position estimation. It should be noted that the above descriptions are examples and are not limited to these examples.

[0105] The primary purpose of understanding the shape of an object is to detect its shape. Understanding the shape of an object may include, for example, identifying the object. Furthermore, understanding the shape of an object may also include, for example, changes or movements in the object's shape. Pulse spread spectrum signals or signals with a specific band can also be used to understand the shape of an object. Understanding the shape of an object may or may not include estimating its position. Additionally, the object's orientation can also be estimated. It should be noted that the above descriptions are examples and are not limited to these examples.

[0106] In this disclosure, coexistence between at least two terminals and an Access Point (AP) is achieved. These at least two terminals are one of the following: terminals with communication capabilities, terminals with object sensing capabilities, or terminals with both communication and object sensing capabilities. The AP may or may not have object sensing capabilities. The AP must at least have the capability to communicate with the terminals. A terminal may also be referred to as a "device" or a "communication device."

[0107] (First Implementation)

[0108] First, the structure of the sensing device and the communication and sensing device will be described. Furthermore, in devices with sensing functions, such as sensing devices and communication and sensing devices, the sensing method can be any of the methods described in this specification.

[0109] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of device X100, which transmits a sensing signal and receives the sensing signal reflected back from surrounding objects to perform object sensing. Device X100 transmits a sensing signal and receives the sensing signal reflected back from surrounding objects to perform object sensing.

[0110] Transmitting device X101 generates transmit signals X102_1 to X102_M. Transmitting signals X102_1 to X102_M are sensing signals. Transmitting device X101 transmits each of the generated transmit signals X102_1 to X102_M from antennas X103_1 to X103_M. Here, the number of antennas used for transmission is M, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1 or 2.

[0111] The transmitting device X101 can, for example, multiply the same sensing signal by a coefficient determined by the antenna to generate transmitting signals X102_1 to X102_M, and transmit them from antenna X103_1 to antenna X103_M, thereby performing directional control of the sensing signal. Alternatively, the transmitting device X101 can, for example, multiply each of a plurality of sensing signals by a coefficient determined by both the sensing signal and the antenna, and synthesize them to generate transmitting signals X102_1 to X102_M, and transmit them from antenna X103_1 to antenna X103_M. Thus, directional control based on the sensing signal is possible.

[0112] The aforementioned coefficients, determined by the antenna or determined by both the sensing signal and the antenna, are represented by complex or real numbers. The amplitude and / or phase of the sensing signal transmitted from each antenna are varied according to the value of these coefficients. However, the coefficient can also be 1. In this case, the sensing signal generated by the transmitting device X101 is transmitted directly from the antenna with a coefficient value of 1.

[0113] Furthermore, the transmitting device X101 can also transmit signals without performing directional control. For example, the transmitting device X101 can also directly output each of the multiple sensing signals as the corresponding antenna's transmission signal and transmit it in antennas X103_1 to X103_M.

[0114] The above description illustrates the case where there are multiple sensing signals and antennas, but the number of sensing signals generated by the transmitting device X101 and the number of antennas transmitting the sensing signals can also be 1.

[0115] The sensing signals transmitted by antennas X103_1 to X103_M are reflected by object #1 (X110_1) or object #2 (X110_2). The reflected sensing signals are received by antennas X104_1 to X104_N provided by device X100. Here, the number of antennas receiving the sensing signals is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1 or greater than or equal to 2. The number M of antennas used for transmission may be the same as or different from the number N of antennas used for reception.

[0116] The received signals X105_1 to X105_N received by antennas X104_1 to X104_N are input to receiving device X106. Receiving device X106 performs filtering processing on the received signals X105_1 to X105_N, such as extracting the frequency band of the transmitted sensing signal or extracting only the channel component within the frequency band, frequency conversion processing from the radio frequency band to the intermediate frequency band (IF) and / or the baseband signal frequency band, and weighted synthesis processing for N received signals, and outputs an estimated signal X107.

[0117] The coefficients used in the weighted synthesis of N received signals can also be set according to received signals X105_1 to X105_N. Device X100 can control the directionality of the receiver by changing the values ​​of the coefficients. The coefficients can be estimated in advance, or the received signals X105_1 to X105_N can be used to estimate coefficients that make the amplitude or signal-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the weighted synthesized sense signal component larger than that when other coefficients are used, or exceed a specified threshold.

[0118] Alternatively, the receiving device X106 can use multiple combinations of N coefficients corresponding to the received signals X105_1 to X105_N to simultaneously obtain the signal whose directivity corresponds to the combination of each coefficient. Furthermore, the receiving device X106 may also omit the weighted synthesis process.

[0119] The estimation unit X108 uses the estimation signal X107 for sensing, which is an estimation process related to the surrounding environment. Details of the estimation process performed by the estimation unit X108 will be described later.

[0120] The control signal X109 is a control signal input to the transmitting device X101, the receiving device X106, and the estimation unit X108. It instructs the transmitting device X101, the receiving device X106, and the estimation unit X108 to perform sensing, to indicate the sensing range, and to control the sensing timing.

[0121] The above is an example of the description related to the structure of device X100.

[0122] In addition, Figure 1 The following example illustrates a situation where the signal generated by device X100 is transmitted by M antennas and received by N antennas, and is then processed in receiving device X106. However, the structure of the apparatus implementing the sensing method described in this disclosure is not limited to this.

[0123] For example, the multiple transmitting antenna sections for transmitting signals can each be composed of multiple antenna elements, each containing multiple antennas. Here, the multiple antenna elements can have the same directivity and directivity control function, and the range of directivity control that can be performed between the antenna elements can also be different. In this case, a transmitting device X101 can select an antenna element for transmitting a sensing signal from the multiple antenna elements, or it can transmit the same sensing signal from multiple antenna elements simultaneously.

[0124] Furthermore, the transmitting device X101 can be switched to transmit a sensing signal from one antenna element or transmit sensing signals from multiple antenna elements simultaneously. Additionally, the device X100 may include multiple transmitting devices X101, or it may have transmitting devices X101 per antenna element.

[0125] Similarly, the multiple receiving antenna sections for receiving signals can each be composed of multiple antenna elements, each containing multiple antennas. Here, the directional control capabilities, such as the directional control range and directional control accuracy, of the multiple antenna elements can be the same, or the directional control capabilities between the antenna elements can be different. Alternatively, it can be configured such that although the directional control capabilities, such as the directional control range and directional control accuracy, of the multiple antenna elements are the same, the spatial domains in which directional control can be performed are different. In this case, a receiving device X106 can select the antenna element from the multiple antenna elements to receive the signal, and can also simultaneously perform signal processing on the signals received from the multiple antenna elements.

[0126] Furthermore, the receiving device X106 can be switched to process signals only from signals received from a single antenna element, or to process signals received from multiple antenna elements simultaneously. Additionally, the device X100 can include multiple receiving devices X106, or it can have receiving devices X106 per antenna element.

[0127] Alternatively, the device X100 may have multiple antennas that can be used for both signal transmission and signal reception, instead of having separate antennas for transmission and reception. In this case, the device X100 can select and switch between transmitting and receiving antennas, or it can switch between transmitting and receiving antennas based on time.

[0128] Alternatively, device X100 may also include a transceiver antenna section that can be used universally for transmitting and receiving signals. Here, the transceiver antenna section includes multiple antenna elements, which can be switched between transmitting and receiving based on the antenna elements. Device X100 may also include a selection section that selects and switches between antenna elements used for transmitting signals generated by transmitting device X101 and antenna elements used for receiving signals processed in receiving device X106.

[0129] When multiple antenna elements are used to transmit sensing signals simultaneously, the directivity of the signals transmitted from each antenna element can be the same or different. When the device X100 transmits sensing signals from multiple antenna elements with the same directivity, it may be possible to extend the distance the sensing signal reaches, or extend the distance up to the reflection position of the reflected sensing signal that can be received.

[0130] Furthermore, the number of antennas constituting the antenna element as described above does not need to be the same among the antenna elements, and the number of antennas among the antenna elements can also be different.

[0131] Next, an example will be given to illustrate the estimation process performed by the estimation unit X108.

[0132] The estimation unit X108 estimates, for example, the distance between the device X100 and the object that reflects the sensing signal. When estimating the distance between the device X100 and the object that reflects the sensing signal, for example, it detects the time delay between the receiving time and the transmitting time of the sensing signal and multiplies the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave by the time delay, thereby deriving the distance.

[0133] The estimation unit X108 can, for example, use a direction of arrival estimation method such as MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) to estimate the direction of arrival of the received signal, that is, the direction of the object reflecting the sensed signal. In addition to estimating the distance between the device X100 and the object, the estimation unit X108 can also estimate the position of the object reflecting the transmitted signal by estimating the direction.

[0134] The estimation unit X108 can estimate the position of an object by performing triangulation, for example, using methods such as the MUSIC method to estimate the direction of arrival, the position of the transmitting antenna, the position of the receiving antenna, and information on the direction of transmission pointing control. The estimation unit X108 can also detect objects using received signals and detect the object's movement, material, etc. Furthermore, the estimation unit X108 can also detect objects and estimate their position and movement using estimation methods other than triangulation. In addition, regarding sensing methods, the methods described in this specification can be cited as examples.

[0135] The position of an object can be represented by polar coordinates or by a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system. The origin of the coordinate system can be any position within the device X100, and the coordinate axes can be in any direction.

[0136] Furthermore, when a device equipped with device X100 also includes multiple wireless sensors or other distance sensors with the same or different structures as device X100, the origin and coordinate axes of the coordinate system of the data obtained by each sensor can be common to all sensors or unique to each sensor. The estimation unit X108 can directly output the position information represented by the aforementioned inherent coordinate system, or it can convert it to a coordinate system common to the device and output it. The converted coordinate system can be a coordinate system inherent to the device, or it can be a coordinate system common to other devices, such as the same coordinate system as the 3D map data used by the device.

[0137] Furthermore, the estimation unit X108 can estimate the distance up to the object reflecting the signal in each of multiple directions, and obtain the estimated three-dimensional coordinates of multiple reflection positions as a point cloud. Moreover, the format of the multiple ranging results obtained by the estimation unit X108 does not have to be a point cloud format with three-dimensional coordinate values; for example, it can be a distance image or other format. When using a distance image format, the position (coordinates) of the distance image in the two-dimensional plane corresponds to the direction of arrival of the received signal as seen from the device X100, and the distance up to the object in the direction corresponding to the pixel position of each image is stored as a sample value of the pixel.

[0138] Furthermore, the estimation unit X108 can also use the aforementioned point cloud data or distance image data to perform discrimination processing such as object shape estimation. For example, the estimation unit X108 can extract "one or more points at close range within a specified distance" or multiple points or image regions as the same object, and estimate the shape of the object based on the positional relationship of the aforementioned one or more points or the shape of the image region. As discrimination processing using the object shape estimation result, the estimation unit X108 can also identify the sensed object. In this case, the estimation unit X108 can, for example, identify whether the object within the sensing range is a person or an animal, or identify the type of object.

[0139] Furthermore, the discrimination processing performed by the estimation unit X108 can also be processing other than object recognition. For example, as discrimination processing, the estimation unit X108 can detect the number of people or vehicles within the sensing range, and can also estimate the position or posture of the detected person's face. As a discrimination processing different from the above, the estimation unit X108 can also perform processing such as face authentication, that is, determine whether the shape of the detected person's face matches a pre-registered person, and determine what kind of person they are.

[0140] Furthermore, the estimation unit X108 can measure the distance between the device X100 and the object multiple times at different times to obtain the time change of the distance between the device X100 and the object or the position of the detected point. In this case, as a discrimination process using the time change of the distance between the device X100 and the object or the position of the point, the estimation unit X108 can also estimate the speed or acceleration of the moving object. For example, the estimation unit X108 can also estimate the speed of a car traveling within the sensing range or estimate the direction of movement.

[0141] Furthermore, the discrimination processing performed by the estimation unit X108 using the time change of distance or point position can also be a process other than estimating the velocity or acceleration of an object. For example, the estimation unit X108 can also detect whether a person has performed a specific action based on the detected change in the person's posture, and the device X100 can be used as a device for inputting posture to electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, and personal computers.

[0142] When estimating the speed of the moving object, the speed can also be derived by comparing the frequency of the transmitted sensing signal with the frequency of the received reflected signal to estimate the frequency change caused by the Doppler effect on the reflected signal.

[0143] Next, examples will be given of the sensing signals used in the transmitting device X101 and the receiving device X106.

[0144] The device X100 may, for example, transmit a pulse signal as a sensing signal, as disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 or Non-Patent Document 2. The device X100 transmits the pulse signal in the frequency band used for sensing and measures the distance up to the object that reflects the sensing signal based on the time delay between the time of receiving the reflected signal and the time of transmitting the pulse signal.

[0145] As a different example of the signal used for sensing, device X100 may also use FMCW or PMCW signals as described in Non-Patent Document 3. An FMCW signal is a signal obtained by converting a chirp signal whose frequency changes over time into a radio frequency. As an estimation process using an FMCW signal, estimation unit X108 uses a mixer to overlap the signal transmitted from transmitting device X101 with the signal received by receiving device X106. The resulting overlapped signal becomes a signal with an intermediate frequency corresponding to the flight time of the received signal. Therefore, by detecting the frequency components contained in the overlapped signal, the distance up to the object reflecting the FMCW signal is measured.

[0146] As a different example of the sensing signal, the device X100 may also use a signal obtained by converting the frequency of a modulated signal of a predetermined frequency into the frequency of a signal used for sensing. In this case, the estimation unit X108 may, for example, estimate the distance up to the object that reflects the sensing signal based on the difference between the phase of the modulated component of the signal transmitted from the transmitting device X101 and the phase of the modulated component of the signal received by the receiving device X106.

[0147] Furthermore, the estimation unit X108 can also estimate the moving speed and direction of the moving object by comparing the frequency of the transmitted modulation signal with the frequency of the received modulation signal, thereby detecting the frequency fluctuations caused by the Doppler effect until the sensing signal is reflected and received. In addition, the modulation signal can contain multiple frequency components; for example, a multi-carrier transmission, such as an OFDM signal containing multiple frequency components as the modulation signal, as described in Non-Patent Document 4, can also be used.

[0148] Examples of signals used for sensing are not limited to the signals mentioned above. They can be signals that have been modulated according to a modulation method, unmodulated carrier waves, or other signals.

[0149] As described above, the device X100 can transmit multiple sensing signals simultaneously using multiple antennas, or it can transmit multiple sensing signals simultaneously using multiple antenna elements, each containing multiple antennas.

[0150] In the first embodiment, the estimation process performed by the estimation unit X108 is exemplified by measuring distance based on the difference between the transmission time of the sensing signal and the reception time of the reflected signal. However, the estimation process performed by the estimation unit X108 is not limited to the above-described process.

[0151] For example, the estimation unit X108 can also estimate the state of the transmission path based on the received reflected signal, and perform discrimination processing based on the time change of the estimated transmission path state, or by comparing it with the average value or characteristic quantity of the previously estimated transmission path state, thereby determining whether an object exists within the sensing range, or detecting whether an object has moved. Furthermore, the estimation unit X108 can also detect whether there is rainfall based on the attenuation of the received signal.

[0152] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, an example of using the reflected wave of a transmitted sensing signal for sensing was described. However, the apparatus for sensing using the sensing signal is not limited to the apparatus that transmitted the sensing signal.

[0153] For example, the receiving device X106 of device X100 can also receive sensing signals transmitted from other devices, and the estimation unit X108 can also determine whether other devices are within the range of the sensing signal, or estimate the direction of other devices, based on the received signals. Additionally, the distance to other devices can be estimated based on the signal strength of the received sensing signals.

[0154] Furthermore, the receiving device X106 of the device X100 can also transmit a sensing signal in a manner that allows other devices to use it for sensing. The transmitted sensing signal can be one that the device X100 transmits for sensing using reflected waves, or it can be transmitted periodically for sensing in other devices. Additionally, when the device X100 receives a sensing signal transmitted from another device, the transmitting device X101 can also transmit the sensing signal in the direction in which the received signal was received. Furthermore, it is also possible to transmit a sensing signal to another device without directional control. Additionally, the sensing signal can be generated using the methods described in this specification.

[0155] In addition, Figure 1 The example shown is that the sensing device X100 receives signals reflected by objects #1 and #2. However, signals obtained by being reflected by objects #1 and #2 and further reflected by other objects or substances can also be used to detect objects and estimate the distance and position between objects.

[0156] Next, an explanation and Figure 1 Examples of different sensing methods that use radio waves.

[0157] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of the X200 device, which uses radio waves for sensing. Figure 2 The structure shown in the figure has the same characteristics as... Figure 1 Structural elements with the same function as those represented in the text are given the same labels, and detailed descriptions related to these structures are omitted.

[0158] The difference between device X200 and device X100 lies in that: sensing is performed using a modulation signal for sensing and / or a modulation signal for communication. Here, for example, the difference is that: by transmitting a signal from device X200, the terminal, as the communication target, captures changes in the signal transmitted by device X200, thereby estimating the object (e.g., Figure 2 The position, size, and relative position of object #1, and its relation to other objects (e.g., Figure 2 The distance between objects (#2) is also considered. Furthermore, when the device X200 transmits a communication modulation signal, data communication with a terminal can also be performed. The following describes the case where sensing is performed using a communication modulation signal.

[0159] Transmitting device X201 receives control signal X109 and transmission data X210, and performs error correction coding, modulation, precoding, and multiplexing to generate transmission signals X202_1 to X202_M for communication. Device X200 transmits each of the transmission signals X202_1 to X202_M through antennas X103_1 to X103_M.

[0160] The number of transmitted signals and the number of antennas used for transmission are related to... Figure 1 The description is the same; there can be two or more, or just one. (Regarding...) Figure 1 After comparing the descriptions, the differences are as follows: regarding Figure 1 The description of the transmitted signal includes a component of the sensed signal, while Figure 2 The transmitted signal contains components of the signal obtained by modulating the transmitted data. However, the transmitting device X201 can perform directional control based on the coefficients used in the weighted synthesis process used to generate the transmitted signal, just like the transmitting device X101. Furthermore, similar to device X100, device X200 can have only one antenna element with multiple antennas, or it can have multiple antenna elements.

[0161] When performing directional control, Figure 1 The transmitting device X101 performs directional control to transmit in the direction that is to be sensed, but Figure 2 The transmitting device X201 performs directional control of the transmission in a manner that improves the communication quality with the terminal to which it is communicating. However, the transmitting device X201 can perform directional control of the transmitted signal in the direction to which it wants to be sensed, or it can perform directional control to obtain a more ideal sensing result in terms of sensing the signal transmitted by the device X200 at the terminal to which it is communicating.

[0162] When the transmitting device X201 performs directional control for sensing in the terminal, it transmits a signal using coefficients specified by the terminal. The transmitted signal may or may not contain signal components modulated using transmitted data. Signals not modulated using transmitted data are, for example, signals modulated with values ​​known at the terminal side, such as preambles or reference signals. Furthermore, the transmitting device X201 can perform different directional controls for signals containing and not modulated signal components.

[0163] In addition, the terminal obtains data (for communication) by receiving the modulated signal sent by the receiving device X200, and also performs sensing.

[0164] Alternatively, a signal can be sent by the terminal, and the communication target device X200 can capture changes in the signal sent by the terminal to estimate the object (e.g., Figure 2 The position, size, and relative position of object #1, and its relation to other objects (e.g., Figure 2 The distance between objects #1), objects (e.g., Figure 2 The type and material of the object (#1). Furthermore, when the terminal sends a modulated signal for communication, data communication with device X200 can also be performed.

[0165] For example, device X200 uses antennas X104_1 to X104_N to receive the modulated signal transmitted by the terminal. Receiving device X206 takes control signal X109 and received signals X205_1 to X205_N as inputs, performs demodulation processing and error correction / decoding processing, etc., to obtain the received data. Furthermore, receiving device X206 outputs the transmission path characteristics obtained through the receiving processing as an estimation signal X207.

[0166] The coefficients used in the weighted synthesis of N received signals X205_1 to X205_N can be set, and the directional control of the receiver can be achieved by changing the values ​​of the coefficients. The coefficients can be estimated in advance, or the coefficients that make the amplitude or signal-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the weighted synthesized sense signal component larger than when using other coefficients, or exceed a predetermined threshold, can be estimated using received signals X205_1 to X205_N. Furthermore, the receiving device X206 can also use multiple combinations of the N coefficients corresponding to received signals X205_1 to X205_N to simultaneously obtain the signal whose directional characteristics correspond to each combination of coefficients.

[0167] The estimation unit X208 takes the control signal X109 and the estimation signal X207 as inputs and performs estimation processing using the estimation signal X207. For example, the estimation unit X208 estimates the surrounding environment based on the transmission path characteristics contained in the estimation signal X207, such as estimating whether an object exists nearby. Furthermore, the estimation unit X208 can also detect the movement or approach of an object based on the time-varying characteristics of the transmission path.

[0168] The estimation unit X208 can, for example, use an arrival direction estimation method such as the MUSIC method to estimate the arrival direction of the received signal, that is, the direction of the object reflecting the sensed signal. The estimation unit X208 can also use arrival direction estimation methods such as the MUSIC method, antenna position (e.g., the position of the transmitting and receiving devices), and information on the direction of transmission directional control to perform triangulation, thereby estimating the position of the object. The estimation unit X208 can also use the received signal to detect the object and detect its movement, material, etc.

[0169] The estimation unit X208 performs the aforementioned estimation processing on the estimation signal X207, such as signal processing related to the matters to be detected, such as whether an object exists or whether the object has moved. For example, the estimation processing is performed based on a determination result indicating whether the feature quantity extracted through signal processing exceeds a predetermined threshold.

[0170] The estimation unit X208 can also perform estimation processing based on signal processing other than that illustrated above. For example, estimation processing can also be performed using a model that is a model made using a multi-layered neural network and machine learning. When using a model made using a multi-layered neural network and machine learning for estimation processing, the estimation unit X208 can also input the preprocessed data into the model made using a multi-layered neural network and machine learning after performing a prescribed preprocessing on the estimated signal X207.

[0171] Furthermore, the estimation unit X208 can also use information such as the frequency band used for communication or the channel number within that frequency band. Additionally, the estimation unit X208 can also use the address of the communication device that transmitted the received communication signal, or the address of the communication device to which the signal is destined. In this way, by using information related to the received communication signal, such as the frequency band or the address of the communication device, comparisons can be made between communication signals with similar or identical conditions, such as the location of the transmitting communication device or the directionality used when transmitting the signal, potentially improving estimation accuracy.

[0172] The above description illustrates the scenario where sensing is performed using communication signals transmitted by the communication object. Figure 2 The diagram shows a different structure for implementing the transmission process, namely the transmitting device X201 and antennas X103_1 to X103_M, and a different structure for implementing the receiving process, namely the receiving device X206 and antennas X104_1 to X104_N. However, the structure of the device X200 is not limited to this.

[0173] For example, the transmitting device X201 and the receiving device X206 can be implemented as a single structural element, or multiple antennas can be used interchangeably in both transmitting and receiving. Additionally, with Figure 1 Similarly, the multiple antennas for transmitting in device X200 can also be composed of multiple antenna elements, and the multiple antennas for receiving can also be composed of multiple antenna elements. Furthermore, the multiple antennas for transmitting and receiving in device X200 can also be composed of general-purpose transceiver antenna sections.

[0174] Alternatively, sensing signals can be used instead of communication signals. That is, the first device can also use sensing signals sent by other devices to estimate the object (e.g., Figure 2 The position, size, and relative position of object #1, and its relation to other objects (e.g., Figure 2 The distance between objects #1), objects (e.g., Figure 2 The type and material of the object (#1).

[0175] It can also be used with Figure 1 The example described above, which involves sending sensing signals to other devices, serves the same purpose by utilizing a sensing method that uses communication signals. That is, device X200 can also use communication signals sent from other devices, such as terminals, to determine whether other devices are within the range of the communication signal or to estimate the direction of other devices, rather than using them to sense the surrounding environment based on the transmission path characteristics of the signal.

[0176] Furthermore, when the device X200 receives a modulated signal for communication sent by a terminal, which is the communication target, it can perform demodulation without sensing.

[0177] Next, the device for communication and sensing will be described.

[0178] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of the X300 device, which performs communication and sensing. Figure 3 The structure shown in the figure has the same characteristics as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 Structures that have the same function as those represented in the text are given the same label number, and detailed descriptions related to these structures are omitted.

[0179] The X300 device performs both sensing using a modulation signal for sensing and sensing using a modulation signal for communication.

[0180] That is, the transmitting device X301 of the device X300 has the same function as the transmitting device X101 to transmit sensing signals, and the same function as the transmitting device X201 to transmit communication signals to other communication devices.

[0181] In addition, the receiving device X306 of the device X300 has the same function as the receiving device X106 to receive sensing signals, and the same function as the receiving device X206 to receive communication signals sent by other communication devices.

[0182] Furthermore, the estimation unit X308 performs the same estimation processing of the sensing signal as the estimation unit X108, and the same estimation processing of the communication signal as the estimation unit X208.

[0183] Among the processing implemented in the various structural elements of the device X300, the processing of transmitting and receiving sensing signals and Figure 1 The device X100 is the same, and the processing of transmitting and receiving communication signals is the same. Figure 2 The device is the same as the X200, so the description is omitted.

[0184] exist Figure 3The diagram shows a different structure for the transmitting device X301 and antennas X103_1 to X103_M that perform the transmitting process, and for the receiving device X306 and antennas X104_1 to X104_N that perform the receiving process. However, the structure of device X300 is not limited to this. For example, the transmitting device X301 and the receiving device X306 can be implemented as a single structural element, or one or more antennas can be used interchangeably in both transmitting and receiving.

[0185] The X300 device can also have a sensing transmitter that is different from the communication transmitter. In this case, the communication transmitter and the sensing transmitter can switch between using the same one or more antennas, or they can have one or more different antennas for communication and sensing.

[0186] Furthermore, the communication and sensing signal transmitting device X301 can also switch between transmitting sensing signals and transmitting communication modulation signals based on the mode information contained in the control signal X309, thereby transmitting these signals from the antenna. That is, there can be a mode for transmitting sensing signals and a mode for transmitting communication modulation signals. In addition, the communication and sensing signal transmitting device X301 can also transmit a signal that combines sensing signals and communication modulation signals.

[0187] The X300 device can also have a sensing receiver that is different from the communication receiver. In this case, the communication receiver and the sensing receiver can switch between using the same one or more antennas, or they can have one or more different antennas for communication and sensing.

[0188] Alternatively, device X300 may also separately include a communication transmitting device, a sensing transmitting device, a communication receiving device, and a sensing receiving device. Alternatively, device X300 may also include a communication transceiver and a sensing transceiver. Alternatively, device X300 may also include a communication transceiver, a sensing transmitting device, and a sensing receiving device.

[0189] In addition, Figure 3 In, with Figure 1 Explanation and Figure 2 Similarly, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas can both be composed of one or more antenna elements. Furthermore, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas can also be composed of a general-purpose transceiver antenna section.

[0190] Figure 4This diagram illustrates an example of a communication system according to the first embodiment. As an example, the access point (AP) communicates with a terminal. The AP has at least communication functionality. Therefore, it has… Figure 2 Device X200 or Figure 3 The structure of the X300 device.

[0191] A terminal may or may not have communication capabilities. For example, Figure 4 Terminal #4 can also have object sensing capabilities but not communication capabilities. Therefore, terminals with communication capabilities ( Figure 3 Terminals #1, #2, and #3 have Figure 2 Device X200 or Figure 3 The structure of the X300 device. Terminals without communication capabilities ( Figure 3 Terminal #4) has Figure 1 The structure of the device X100.

[0192] The following describes an embodiment where the modulation signal for communication and the signal for sensing exist in the same frequency band.

[0193] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the structure of data transmission frames sent by an AP and terminals equipped with communication functions. Figure 5 The preamble shown is, for example, a symbol used by the communication object to perform signal detection, time synchronization, frequency synchronization, channel estimation, frequency offset estimation, etc.

[0194] Control information symbols are symbols used to transmit information such as data size, data symbol transmission method (e.g., number of streams transmitted, error correction coding method, etc., MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme)).

[0195] Data symbols are symbols used to transmit data. Other symbols (e.g., reference symbols, pilot symbols, pilot carriers, etc.) may also be included in data symbols.

[0196] The frame structure of a data transmission frame is not limited to the examples above. A data transmission frame may also contain other structures besides those described above. Figure 5 Symbols other than those shown.

[0197] Figure 6A and Figure 6B This is a diagram illustrating a structural example of sensing frames sent by an AP and a terminal equipped with sensing capabilities. Figure 6A This represents the first example of a sensing frame. Figure 6B This is the second example of a frame used for sensing.

[0198] Figure 6AThe first example of a sensing frame consists of sensing reference symbols. However, a sensing frame may also contain symbols other than these.

[0199] AP and terminal usage Figure 6A The sensing reference symbols are used to perform sensing processing. The AP and terminal can also continuously transmit the sensing reference symbols in time. Furthermore, although described as "sensing reference symbols," they can also be unmodulated signals, carrier waves, or other signals. Regarding this point, Figure 6B The same applies.

[0200] Figure 6B The second example of a sensing frame consists of a preamble, control information symbols, and sensing reference symbols. However, the sensing frame may also contain symbols other than these.

[0201] AP and terminal usage Figure 6B The sensing process in the system uses reference symbols to perform sensing processing.

[0202] Figure 6B The preamble can serve as a symbol for communication devices to perform signal detection, time synchronization, frequency synchronization, channel estimation, frequency offset estimation, etc. Furthermore, access points (APs) and terminals with communication capabilities can also detect this preamble. For example, the structure of the preamble can also be similar to... Figure 5 The preambles are the same. (They can also be different.)

[0203] Therefore, the AP and terminals with communication capabilities can be aware of the presence of sensing frames, thus achieving the effect of reducing interference between sensing frames and communication frames.

[0204] Figure 6B The control information code elements become code elements that contain information related to the sensing reference code elements. The control information code elements may also contain other information.

[0205] Information related to the reference symbols used for sensing includes, for example, the following.

[0206] • The type of reference signal to be sensed. For example, it can be specified from multiple types of signals.

[0207] • The frequency band of the sensing reference signal. For example, it can be specified from multiple frequency bands.

[0208] • The time domain of the sensed reference signal. For example, it can be specified from multiple time intervals.

[0209] APs and terminals equipped with sensing functions can set the desired sensing accuracy by specifying information related to the sensing reference symbols in the control information symbols. However, the information in the control information symbols is not limited to this information.

[0210] AP and terminal usage Figure 6B The sensing reference symbols are used to implement sensing processing. The AP and terminal can also continuously transmit the sensing reference symbols in time.

[0211] The structure of the sensing frame is not limited to Figure 6A and Figure 6B Examples. The sensing frame can also contain, besides... Figure 6A and Figure 6B Symbols other than those shown.

[0212] Figure 7 This is a diagram representing an example of the frame status on the time axis of a certain frequency band. For example... Figure 7 As shown, for example, the AP can also switch and send data transmission frames and sensing frames. The terminal can also switch and send data transmission frames and sensing frames.

[0213] The AP and terminal are expected to send frames, and the following controls are performed, for example, to enable... Figure 7 As shown, the frames do not overlap at any frequency, that is, the frames do not interfere with each other. The first embodiment relates to a transmission method for suppressing frame interference, and this point will be explained below.

[0214] Figure 8 This is another example of a diagram representing the frame status on the time axis of a certain frequency band. For example... Figure 8 As shown, for example, the AP can also switch and transmit data transmission frames, sensing frames, and frames containing data transmission symbols and sensing signals. The terminal can also switch and transmit data transmission frames, sensing frames, and frames containing data transmission symbols and sensing signals.

[0215] The AP and terminal are expected to send frames, and the following controls are performed, for example, to enable... Figure 8 As shown, the frames do not overlap at any frequency, that is, the frames do not interfere with each other. The first embodiment relates to a transmission method for suppressing frame interference, and this point will be explained below.

[0216] Furthermore, the frame structure for "frames containing data transmission symbols and sensing signals" will be explained later.

[0217] Figures 9 to 15 This is a diagram illustrating an example of time and frequency usage in a wireless LAN system. Figures 9 to 15 In this context, when it is recorded as "...(AP)", it indicates that the AP is transmitting a signal (frame). Conversely, when it is recorded as "...(Terminal)", it indicates that the terminal is transmitting a signal.

[0218] exist Figures 9 to 15In this system, there are a primary channel and a secondary channel. Both the primary and secondary channels can be, for example, 20MHz bandwidth.

[0219] The AP transmits beacons in the primary channel. The AP does not transmit beacons in the secondary channel. Here, although it is referred to as the "primary channel" and the "secondary channel," the terminology is not limited to these. For example, the primary channel can also be called the "first channel," and the secondary channel can be called the "second channel."

[0220] exist Figures 9 to 15 In the example scenario, the AP and terminal use one or more of the four channels, consisting of a primary channel and secondary channels, to transmit frames. In this case, the AP and terminal can perform the following communication.

[0221] Example 1: Using a channel consisting of 20MHz to transmit frames. (Example:) Figure 9 "Data Transmission Frame #1 (AP)"

[0222] Example 2: Bundling multiple channels consisting of consecutive 20MHz bands to transmit frames. (Example:) Figure 9 The “Data Transmission Frame #3 (AP)” (hereinafter referred to as “channel bundling”).

[0223] In addition, the AP and the terminal can perform the following communications.

[0224] Example 3: Use a common time interval to send multiple "frames constituted in Example 1" or "frames constituted in Example 2". (e.g.) Figure 9 As shown, the AP uses a common time interval to send "Data Transmission Frame #2" and "Data Transmission Frame #4". (Hereinafter referred to as "channel aggregation".)

[0225] exist Figures 9 to 15 In this process, the AP and the terminal use the secondary channel of the primary channel and secondary channel determined by the AP to transmit sensing frames.

[0226] This processing suppresses interference from other signals to the beacons transmitted by the AP, enabling smooth communication between the AP and the terminal. Furthermore, it allows for frequent communication between the AP and the terminal utilizing the main channel.

[0227] Furthermore, although it is shown that... Figures 9 to 12 Examples of such main channel configurations, and such as Figures 13 to 15 That's an example of configuring the main channel, but the method of configuring the main channel is not limited to this.

[0228] Figure 16 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a beacon's structure. In the beacon's extended region (e.g., Figure 16(Optional parts of the document), for example, may also include the following information.

[0229] • Indicates whether it is information in the frequency domain corresponding to the sensing.

[0230] Information from the secondary channel corresponding to the sensing.

[0231] Therefore, sensing signals and modulation signals used for communication can coexist.

[0232] Other methods:

[0233] Alternatively, the standard may specify that sensing signals are transmitted in the secondary channel without "information about the secondary channel corresponding to the sensing".

[0234] In addition, beacons can also be used to sense objects. For example, an extended area of ​​the beacon can contain information indicating the object being sensed.

[0235] Furthermore, when used for object sensing, the beacon's time length (beacon frame length) can be extended. This improves the accuracy of the sensing-based estimation. Additionally, in this case, the beacon can also contain information indicating its frame length.

[0236] Furthermore, the part used to sense objects is not limited to beacons; for example, a preamble preceding the data symbols in a data frame can also be used to sense objects. In this case, to improve the accuracy of the sensing-based estimation, the preamble length can be set to be longer. Therefore, the length of the preamble sent only for communication can be different from the length of the preamble sent when sensing is performed, and the preamble length can be set according to whether only communication or sensing is performed. In addition, the preamble length information can be transmitted in a single frame.

[0237] The structure of frames transmitted by an AP or terminal using multiple channels with a bandwidth of 20MHz is described.

[0238] Figures 17 to 24 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of signals transmitted by an AP or terminal in channel aggregation. Figures 17 to 24 In this context, frames containing data symbols are data transmission frames. Frames containing sensing reference symbols are sensing frames. Sensing frames containing sensing symbols exist in the sub-channel.

[0239] Data transmission frames can be configured on the primary channel or on one or more secondary channels. Alternatively, data transmission frames can be configured on both the primary and secondary channels.

[0240] Sensing frames can also be configured on more than one secondary channel. Channel bonding and channel aggregation can also be applied to sensing frames.

[0241] Figures 17 to 24 This is one example. In channel aggregation, the methods for storing data transmission frames and sensing frames are not limited to... Figures 17 to 24 Examples.

[0242] exist Figure 17 , Figure 18 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 In the example, the sensing frame contains, in addition to the sensing reference symbols, also includes Figure 6B The preamble and control information code elements are shown.

[0243] exist Figure 19 , Figure 20 , Figure 23 and Figure 24 In the example, the sensing frame includes sensing reference symbols but does not include... Figure 6B The preamble and control information code elements are shown.

[0244] Although it is shown as Figures 17 to 20 Examples of main channel configurations shown, and such as Figures 21 to 24 The examples shown illustrate how to configure the main channel, but the methods for configuring the main channel are not limited to these examples.

[0245] exist Figures 17 to 24 A frame may or may not contain a protection interval. For example, in the absence of a protection interval, a frame may have the following structure: a structure containing sensing reference symbols over a long temporal interval.

[0246] When a frame has a guard interval, for example, the "directivity in precoding or beamforming for transmitting sensing reference symbols existing before the guard interval" can be set differently from the "directivity in precoding or beamforming for transmitting sensing reference symbols existing after the guard interval." This allows for sensing over a wide range.

[0247] Furthermore, when a frame has a guard interval, the antenna used to transmit sensing reference symbols existing before the guard interval can be configured differently from the antenna used to transmit sensing reference symbols existing after the guard interval. This allows for sensing over a wide range.

[0248] Alternatively, a frame can be configured with sensing reference symbols after the guard interval, and then the guard interval and sensing reference signal can be repeatedly configured in the manner of guard interval, sensing reference signal, guard interval, sensing reference signal, ... In this case, the precoding or directivity used in beamforming can be set according to the sensing reference symbols, and the antenna used can be switched according to the sensing reference symbols.

[0249] In addition, for example, the protection interval can be set to the time interval in which no signal or symbol exists.

[0250] The structure of frames transmitted by an AP or terminal using multiple channels of 20MHz is described.

[0251] Figures 25 to 30 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure of signals transmitted by an AP or terminal in a channel bundle. Figures 25 to 30 In the example, when channels are bundled, data symbols and sensing reference symbols coexist. Additionally, the sensing symbols are configured on the secondary channel. Data symbols can be configured on either the primary or secondary channel. Alternatively, data symbols can be configured on both the primary and secondary channels.

[0252] Figures 25 to 30 This is one example. When channels are bundled, the methods for storing data symbols and sensing reference symbols are not limited to... Figures 25 to 30 Examples are shown. Additionally, although examples such as... Figures 25 to 27 Examples of main channel configurations shown, and such as Figures 28 to 30 The examples shown illustrate how to configure the main channel, but the methods for configuring the main channel are not limited to these examples.

[0253] exist Figures 25 to 30 In this context, after sensing the reference code, a guard interval may or may not exist. For example, in the absence of a guard interval, the frame may also have the following structure: a structure in which a sensing reference code exists over a long temporal interval.

[0254] When a frame has a guard interval, for example, the "directivity in precoding or beamforming for transmitting sensing reference symbols existing before the guard interval" can be set differently from the "directivity in precoding or beamforming for transmitting sensing reference symbols existing after the guard interval." This allows for sensing over a wide range.

[0255] Furthermore, when a frame has a guard interval, the antenna used to transmit sensing reference symbols existing before the guard interval can be configured differently from the antenna used to transmit sensing reference symbols existing after the guard interval. This allows for wide-range sensing. In the case of a guard interval, data symbols can also be configured after the guard interval.

[0256] Alternatively, a frame can be configured with sensing reference symbols after the guard interval, and then the guard interval and sensing reference signal can be repeatedly configured in the manner of guard interval, sensing reference signal, guard interval, sensing reference signal, ... In this case, the precoding or directivity used in beamforming can be set according to the sensing reference symbols, and the antenna used can be switched according to the sensing reference symbols.

[0257] In addition, for example, the protection interval can be set to the time interval in which no signal or symbol exists.

[0258] Based on the above structure, sensing signals and communication modulation signals can coexist, thereby reducing interference between them. Furthermore, communication devices such as APs and terminals can perform parallel processing for sensing and communication. Additionally, by prioritizing the allocation of the main channel's communication modulation signal, the adverse effects on terminals conducting communication can be mitigated.

[0259] For each frame of the first embodiment, the preamble, control information code, data code, and sensing reference code have been described, but other code or signals may also exist.

[0260] In addition, the area recorded as "data code" may also contain code elements other than data code elements, such as reference code elements (reference signals), pilot code elements (pilot signals), or intermediate codes.

[0261] In addition, frames for beacons, data transmission, and sensing have been described, but communication devices such as APs and terminals can also send other frames, such as MAC (Medium Access Control) management frames and MAC control frames.

[0262] (Second Implementation)

[0263] In the second embodiment, an example of a frame structure in which data symbols are also transmitted at the frequency (band) of the frequency for transmitting the sensing reference signal is described.

[0264] Figures 31 to 38 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure sent by an AP or terminal. Figures 31 to 38 An example of frame structure in channel aggregation is shown. Additionally, in... Figures 31 to 38 The image shows an example of a frame structure with sensing reference symbols inserted along the time axis. The sensing reference symbols are configured in the sub-channel.

[0265] There is a guard interval directly after the sensing reference symbol in time. In this case, the "directivity in precoding or beamforming in the sensing reference symbol before the guard interval" can be set differently from the "precoding or beamforming in the data symbol after the guard interval", or appropriate control can be performed in each symbol.

[0266] Furthermore, the antenna used in the reference symbols for sensing before the guard zone can be set differently from the antenna used in the data symbols after the guard zone, and appropriate control can be performed in each symbol.

[0267] As a result, the likelihood of each symbol obtaining good reception quality increases.

[0268] In addition, for example, the protection interval can be set to the time interval in which no signal or symbol exists.

[0269] Alternatively, without the controls described above, there may be no protection zone.

[0270] The configuration of the reference symbols for sensing is not limited to Figures 31 to 38 For example, one could configure sensing reference symbols, then configure data symbols in the time axis direction, and then configure sensing reference symbols in the time axis direction again. That is, multiple sensing reference symbols can be configured simultaneously with data symbols in the time axis direction.

[0271] A guard interval may also exist before the sensing reference symbols. Frame structure is not limited to... Figures 31 to 38 Examples. The configuration of the main channel is not limited to... Figures 31 to 38 Examples.

[0272] Figures 39 to 45 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure sent by an AP or terminal. Figures 39 to 45 An example of frame structure in channel aggregation is shown. Additionally, in... Figures 39 to 45 The image shows an example of a frame structure with sensing reference symbols inserted along the frequency axis. The sensing reference symbols are configured in the sub-channel.

[0273] There is a guard interval directly following the reference signal in time. In this case, the "directivity in precoding or beamforming of the reference code before the guard interval" can be set differently from the "precoding or beamforming of the data code after the guard interval", or appropriate control can be performed in each code.

[0274] In addition, the antenna used in the reference symbols for sensing before the guard zone can be set differently from the antenna used in the data symbols after the guard zone, and appropriate control can be performed in each symbol.

[0275] As a result, the likelihood of each symbol obtaining good reception quality increases.

[0276] In addition, for example, the protection interval can be set to the time interval in which no signal or symbol exists.

[0277] Alternatively, without the controls described above, there may be no protection zone.

[0278] The configuration of the reference symbols for sensing is not limited to Figures 39 to 45 For example, one could configure sensing reference symbols, then configure data symbols in the time axis direction, and then configure sensing reference symbols in the time axis direction again. That is, multiple sensing reference symbols can be configured simultaneously with data symbols in the time axis direction.

[0279] Alternatively, multiple sensing reference symbols can be configured in the frequency direction. Guard intervals can also exist between the sensing reference symbols. The frame structure is not limited to... Figures 39 to 45 Examples. The configuration of the main channel is not limited to... Figures 39 to 45 Examples.

[0280] Figures 46 to 52 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure sent by an AP or terminal. Figures 46 to 52 An example of the frame structure in channel bundling is shown. Additionally, in Figures 46 to 52 The image shows an example of a frame structure with sensing reference symbols inserted along the time axis. The sensing reference symbols are configured in the sub-channel.

[0281] There is a guard interval directly following the reference signal in time. In this case, the "directivity in precoding or beamforming of the reference code before the guard interval" can be set differently from the "precoding or beamforming of the data code after the guard interval", or appropriate control can be performed in each code.

[0282] In addition, the antenna used in the reference symbols for sensing before the guard zone can be set differently from the antenna used in the data symbols after the guard zone, and appropriate control can be performed in each symbol.

[0283] As a result, the likelihood of each symbol obtaining good reception quality increases.

[0284] In addition, for example, the protection interval can be set to the time interval in which no signal or symbol exists.

[0285] Alternatively, without the controls described above, there may be no protection zone.

[0286] The configuration of the reference symbols for sensing is not limited to Figures 46 to 52 For example, one could configure sensing reference symbols, then configure data symbols in the time axis direction, and then configure sensing reference symbols in the time axis direction again. That is, multiple sensing reference symbols can be configured simultaneously with data symbols in the time axis direction.

[0287] Alternatively, multiple sensing reference symbols can be configured in the frequency direction. Guard intervals can also exist between the sensing reference symbols. The frame structure is not limited to... Figures 46 to 52 Examples. The configuration of the main channel is not limited to... Figures 46 to 52 Examples.

[0288] Figures 53 to 58 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the frame structure sent by an AP or terminal. Figures 53 to 58 An example of the frame structure in channel bundling is shown. Additionally, in Figures 53 to 58 The image shows an example of a frame structure with sensing reference symbols inserted along the frequency axis. The sensing reference symbols are configured in the sub-channel.

[0289] There is a guard interval directly following the reference signal in time. In this case, the "directivity in precoding or beamforming of the reference code before the guard interval" can be set differently from the "precoding or beamforming of the data code after the guard interval", or appropriate control can be performed in each code.

[0290] In addition, the antenna used in the reference symbols for sensing before the guard zone can be set differently from the antenna used in the data symbols after the guard zone, and appropriate control can be performed in each symbol.

[0291] As a result, the likelihood of each symbol obtaining good reception quality increases.

[0292] In addition, for example, the protection interval can be set to the time interval in which no signal or symbol exists.

[0293] Alternatively, without the controls described above, there may be no protection zone.

[0294] The configuration of the reference symbols for sensing is not limited to Figures 53 to 58 For example, one could configure sensing reference symbols, then configure data symbols in the time axis direction, and then configure sensing reference symbols in the time axis direction again. That is, multiple sensing reference symbols can be configured simultaneously with data symbols in the time axis direction.

[0295] Alternatively, multiple sensing reference symbols can be configured in the frequency direction. Guard intervals can also exist between the sensing reference symbols. The frame structure is not limited to... Figures 53 to 58 Examples. The configuration of the main channel is not limited to... Figures 53 to 58 Examples.

[0296] Based on the above structure, communication devices such as APs and terminals can transmit sensing-related signals and communication-modulated signals in a single frame, thereby enabling parallel communication and sensing. Furthermore, the sensing signal and the communication-modulated signal can coexist, reducing interference between them. Moreover, communication devices such as APs and terminals can perform parallel processing of sensing and communication processing. Additionally, by prioritizing the allocation of the communication-modulated signal to the main channel, the adverse effects on the communicating terminal can be mitigated.

[0297] For each frame of the second embodiment, the preamble, control information code, data code, and sensing reference code have been described, but other code or signals may also exist.

[0298] In addition, the area recorded as "data code" may also contain code elements other than data code elements, such as reference code elements (reference signals), pilot code elements (pilot signals), or intermediate codes.

[0299] In addition to sending the frames described in the second embodiment, communication devices such as APs and terminals can also send other frames, such as MAC (Media Access Control) management frames, MAC control frames, data frames, and sensing frames.

[0300] In the second embodiment, an example of a sensing reference symbol being present in the secondary channel is described, but it can be implemented even if it is present in the primary channel.

[0301] (Third Implementation)

[0302] Figure 59 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of the communication system according to the third embodiment. The communication system of the third embodiment is conceived, for example, as a wireless LAN system. Of course, the communication system could also be other systems, such as a cellular system.

[0303] like Figure 59 As shown, the AP communicates wirelessly with terminals #1, #2, and #3. Figure 59 In the examples of the communication systems shown, consider, for instance, an instance where the access point (AP) is fixedly configured while the terminal moves. In this case, if the terminal performs sensing, the estimation accuracy of the sensing may decrease. In the third embodiment, a system for mitigating this problem will be described.

[0304] Figure 60 , Figure 61 , Figure 62A and Figure 62B It is used for explanation Figure 59The diagram illustrates an example of the operation of a communication system. For instance, for an access point (AP), terminal #1 sends a modulated signal containing data including the information "instruction to perform sensing". The AP receives the modulated signal sent by terminal #1, demodulates it, and receives the "instruction to perform sensing" notification.

[0305] After receiving the notification "Instruction to Implement Sensing", the AP, as follows Figure 61 As shown, a sensing signal (e.g., a signal containing sensing reference symbols described in the first or second embodiment) is transmitted to sense the surroundings. Furthermore, examples of sensing methods have been described in the first embodiment.

[0306] AP can also be like Figure 62A As shown, a modulated signal containing information obtained through sensing is sent to terminal #1 that made the sensing request. Alternatively, the AP can also... Figure 62B As shown, a modulated signal containing information about the results obtained through sensing is sent to terminals #1 to #3, including terminal #1 that made the sensing request, via multicast, broadcast, or groupcast.

[0307] Furthermore, multicast, broadcast, and multicast all transmit information to one or more terminals. Multicast sets restrictions on the terminals receiving the broadcast. These restrictions limit the terminals that receive the broadcast.

[0308] Figure 63A It means Figure 62A A sequence diagram of the actions of the terminal and AP in the diagram. For example... Figure 63A As shown, the AP sends a beacon (S1). Terminals #1 to #3 receive the beacons sent from the AP (S2a to S2c).

[0309] The extended area of ​​the beacon may contain information indicating that the AP is capable of sensing. Terminals #1 to #3 can determine (identify) that the AP is capable of sensing based on the received beacon.

[0310] Terminal #1, one of the terminals #1 to #3 that received the beacon, sends a message to the AP instructing it to perform sensing (S3). The AP receives the message from terminal #1 instructing it to perform sensing (S4).

[0311] The AP performs sensing to obtain sensing results (S5) and sends the sensing results to terminal #1 (S6). Terminal #1 receives the sensing results sent in S6 (S7).

[0312] Figure 63B It means Figure 62B A sequence diagram of the actions of the terminal and AP in the diagram. For example... Figure 63BAs shown, the AP sends a beacon (S11). Terminals #1 to #3 receive the beacon sent from the AP (S12a to S12c).

[0313] The extended area of ​​the beacon may contain information indicating that the AP is capable of sensing. Terminals #1 to #3 can determine (identify) that the AP is capable of sensing based on the received beacon.

[0314] Terminal #1, one of the terminals #1 to #3 that received the beacon, sends a message to the AP instructing it to perform sensing (S13). The AP receives the message from terminal #1 instructing it to perform sensing (S14).

[0315] The AP performs sensing and obtains sensing results (S15), and sends the sensing results to terminals #1 to #3 (S16). Terminals #1 to #3 receive the sensing results sent in S16 (S17a to S17c).

[0316] Figure 64 , Figure 65 , Figure 66A and Figure 66B It is used for explanation Figure 59 The diagram illustrates another example of the operation of a communication system. For instance, for an access point (AP), terminal #1 transmits a modulated signal containing data including "instruction to perform sensing" to the AP using a first frequency band. The AP receives the modulated signal transmitted by terminal #1, demodulates it, and receives the "instruction to perform sensing" notification.

[0317] After receiving the notification "Instruction to Implement Sensing", the AP, as follows Figure 65 As shown, a sensing signal (e.g., a signal containing sensing reference symbols described in the first or second embodiment) is transmitted to sense the surroundings. Furthermore, examples of sensing methods have been described in the first embodiment.

[0318] The access point (AP) transmits sensing signals for at least one of the first, second, and third frequency bands. For example, the AP may also transmit sensing signals for one of the first, second, and third frequency bands. Alternatively, the AP may transmit sensing signals for all three frequency bands.

[0319] Furthermore, the AP can implement sensing using light such as visible light and infrared light, as well as sensing using images acquired using an image sensor or similar device. Additionally, the AP can combine sensing methods such as radio wave sensing, light sensing, and image sensing.

[0320] AP can also be like Figure 66AAs shown, a modulated signal containing information obtained through sensing is sent to terminal #1 that made the sensing request. Alternatively, the AP can also... Figure 66B As shown, a modulated signal containing information about the results obtained through sensing is sent to terminals #1 to #3, including terminal #1 that made the sensing request, via multicast, broadcast, or groupcast.

[0321] exist Figure 66A and Figure 66B In this example, the AP uses the first frequency band to transmit a modulated signal containing information obtained through sensing. This is because terminal #1 has already requested the AP using the first frequency band. However, the AP can also use other frequency bands to transmit the modulated signal containing information obtained through sensing.

[0322] Through this processing, the AP can perform more accurate sensing, and the terminal can obtain more accurate sensing results.

[0323] (Fourth Implementation)

[0324] The aforementioned communication system can be applied to cellular systems. The terminal requests frequency resources for sensing from the base station. The base station sends information about the available frequency resources to the terminal.

[0325] Figure 67A This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the communication system according to the fourth embodiment. Figure 67A The diagram shows terminal 151 and base station 152. Terminal 151 may also be, for example, a smartphone, tablet, or mobile phone. Base station 152 may also be referred to as "Node B", "eNode B (eNB)" or "gNode B (gNB)".

[0326] Terminal 151 requests frequency resources (and time resources) for sensing from base station 152. For example, terminal 151 uses PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) to request frequency resources (and time resources) for sensing from base station 152.

[0327] After receiving a request for sensing frequency resources from terminal 151, base station 152 sends information allowing the use of sensing frequency resources (and time resources) to terminal 151. For example, for terminal 151, base station 152 uses PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) to send information allowing the use of sensing frequency resources (and time resources) to terminal 151.

[0328] Figure 67BThis represents an example of resource allocation along the time-frequency axis for signals transmitted by a terminal. Furthermore, as mentioned above, Figure 67B Resource allocation is handled by base station 152, which then notifies each terminal of the resource allocation information. Figure 67B In this context, the information on the allocation of the aforementioned resources consists of resources 6701 and 6703 of the terminals that communicate and resources 6702 of the terminals that perform sensing.

[0329] For example, assign to terminal 151 Figure 67B The terminal shown uses resource 6702 for sensing. Furthermore, carrier aggregation can also be applied in the allocation of frequency resources. Figure 67B In the resources 6702 of the terminal performing sensing, as described in other embodiments, data symbols for communication may also exist.

[0330] In addition, there may be a region (e.g., PUCCH may also be used) for notifying the base station 152 of information such as the frequency band of the sensing symbols present in the resource 6702 of the sensing terminal (e.g., PUCCH may also be used), and the terminal 151 sends a modulated signal containing the region to the base station 152.

[0331] Alternatively, base station 152 may transmit information such as the frequency band of the sensing symbols, the duration of the sensing symbols, and the type of signal of the sensing symbols present in the resources 6702 of the sensing terminal to terminal 151. In this case, base station 152 may, for example, use PDCCH to transmit this information to terminal 151. Furthermore, the base station may also use areas other than PDCCH to transmit this information to terminal 151.

[0332] Based on the above structure, the sensing technology disclosed herein can also be applied in cellular systems.

[0333] (Fifth Implementation)

[0334] First, let me explain the problems in this implementation method.

[0335] Figure 68 This is a diagram illustrating one example of sensing. Assume that house Y100 is unoccupied. On the other hand, assume that there is one person in office Y101.

[0336] Furthermore, it is assumed that in the outdoor X150, there are at least two people, X151 and X152, who are carrying devices capable of performing sensing.

[0337] Now, suppose person X151 is able to use a device to sense Y101 in the office. Therefore, person X151 can know that there is a person in office Y101.

[0338] Furthermore, suppose person X152 is able to use a device to sense Y100 inside the house. Therefore, person X152 can know that there is no one inside Y100.

[0339] Next, suppose that the person in office Y101 is able to use the device to sense Y100 inside the house. Thus, the person in office Y101 can know that there is no one in Y100 inside the house.

[0340] If sensing devices were to perform sensing without restriction, it would lead to a situation where individuals' private information could be easily obtained. Therefore, it is desirable to introduce technologies to protect privacy.

[0341] In the fifth embodiment, a method for protecting individual privacy is disclosed.

[0342] The following examples illustrate low-frequency bands such as the 2.4 GHz band and the 5 GHz band (and the frequency band is not limited to this example), and high-frequency bands such as the 60 GHz band (and the frequency band is not limited to this example).

[0343] Examples of high-frequency bands such as the 60GHz band:

[0344] Figure 69 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a device with communication and sensing functions according to the fifth embodiment.

[0345] The transceiver unit X202 takes data X201 and control signal X200a as input. Then, when control signal X200a indicates "communication is performed", the transceiver unit X202 performs error correction coding, modulation, and other processing on the data X201, and outputs modulated signal X203. Furthermore, when control signal X200a indicates "sensing is performed", the transceiver unit X202 does not operate.

[0346] The sensing unit X204 takes the control signal X200a as input. When the control signal X200a indicates "perform sensing", the sensing unit X204 outputs a sensing signal X205. Furthermore, when the control signal X200a indicates "perform communication", the sensing unit X204 does not operate, for example.

[0347] The transmitting signal selection unit X206 takes the control signal X200a, the modulation signal X203, and the sensing signal X205 as inputs. Then, when the control signal X200a indicates "communication is performed", the transmitting signal selection unit X206 outputs the modulation signal X203 as the selected signal X207.

[0348] In addition, when the control signal X200a indicates "implement sensing", the transmitting signal selection unit X206 outputs the sensing signal X205 as the selected signal X207.

[0349] The power adjustment unit X208 takes the selected signal X207 and the control signal X200a as inputs. When the control signal X200a indicates "communication is enabled", the power of the selected signal X207 is adjusted for communication (for example, the coefficient multiplied by the selected signal X207 is set to α), and the transmission signal X209 is output.

[0350] In addition, when the control signal X200a indicates "implement sensing", the selected signal X207 is adjusted for communication power (for example, the coefficient multiplied with the selected signal X207 is set to β), and the transmission signal X209 is output.

[0351] Furthermore, for example, α and β can be set to real numbers greater than 0. In this case, α > β (α is greater than β). This reduces the transmission power during sensing, making it difficult to sense objects through walls, thus increasing the likelihood of privacy. Additionally, it achieves the effect of obtaining high data reception quality during communication.

[0352] Furthermore, α and β can also be complex numbers. In this case, |α|>|β|. This also reduces the transmission power during sensing, making it difficult to sense through walls, thus increasing the likelihood of privacy. In addition, it achieves the effect of obtaining high data reception quality during communication. Therefore, the transmission signal X209 is output from the transceiver antenna section X210 in the form of radio waves.

[0353] The transceiver antenna section X210 outputs the received signal X211. The receiving signal selection section X212 takes the control signal X200a and the received signal X211 as inputs. When the control signal X200a indicates "communication is performed", the receiving signal selection section X212 outputs the received signal X211 as signal X213.

[0354] In addition, when the control signal X200a indicates "implementing sensing", the receiving signal selection unit X212 outputs the receiving signal X211 as signal X214.

[0355] The transceiver unit X202 takes control signal X200a and signal X213 as inputs. When control signal X200a indicates "communication is initiated", the transceiver unit X202 performs demodulation, error correction and decoding on signal X213 and outputs received data X215.

[0356] The sensing unit X204 takes control signal X200a and signal X214 as inputs. When control signal X200a indicates "sensing is performed", the sensing unit X204 uses signal X214 and the like to perform sensing and outputs the sensing result X216. The control unit X251 generates control signal X200a based on external signal X250, received data X215, etc., and outputs control signal X200a.

[0357] This enables the implementation of sensing that takes into account individual privacy.

[0358] Examples of low-frequency bands such as 2.4GHz and 5GHz:

[0359] If used Figure 69 As described above, a device with both communication and sensing functions can achieve the effects described above by changing the transmission power during "communication" and the transmission power during "sensing". However, because the frequency is low, the distance attenuation of radio waves is insufficient, and the protection of individual privacy is sometimes inadequate.

[0360] For example, suppose in Figure 68 An access point (AP) is installed inside house Y100.

[0361] At this time, as described in other embodiments, the AP is sending a beacon. An example of a beacon structure is shown below. Figure 16 .

[0362] Assuming in Figure 16 The extended area of ​​the beacon is pre-defined with a "allow / disallow sensing" field. For example, the "allow / disallow sensing" field is set to Z0. Furthermore, Z0 is set to "1" when sensing is allowed and to "0" when sensing is disallowed.

[0363] Assuming it is set at Figure 68 Inside the house, the access point Y100 is sending a beacon with Z0 set to "0". At this time, assume that a terminal held by person X152 receives this beacon. Furthermore, assume that the terminal held by person X152 has the following structure: Figure 69 The structure shown.

[0364] then, Figure 69 The transceiver unit X202 demodulates the beacon to obtain Z0 as "0". Based on the information that Z0 is "0" contained in the received data X215, the control unit X251 outputs a control signal X200a that prohibits sensing this information.

[0365] Based on the "no sensing" information in the control signal X200a, the sensing unit X204 stops the transmitting and receiving operations associated with sensing.

[0366] This allows for the achievement of ensuring privacy for Y100 within the house.

[0367] Set in Figure 68 The 100 APs inside the house can also be configured to perform sensing. For example, suppose they are set up in... Figure 68 An access point (AP) at house number 100 is sending a beacon with Z0 set to "1". At this moment, assume a terminal held by person X152 receives this beacon.

[0368] Therefore, possessing Figure 69 The transceiver unit X202 of the terminal demodulates the beacon to obtain Z0 as "1". Then, the transceiver unit X202 outputs received data X215 containing this information. Based on the information that Z0 is "1" contained in the received data X215, the control unit X251 outputs a control signal X200a containing the ability to sense this information.

[0369] Based on the sensing capability information in the control signal X200a, the sensing unit X204 becomes capable of performing sensing-related sending and receiving actions.

[0370] As for other states, suppose in Figure 68 There is no access point (AP) installed within 100 units of the house. At this time, the terminal held by person X152 cannot receive the beacon.

[0371] At this time, the control unit X251 cannot obtain information about Z0. Therefore, one of the following examples is implemented.

[0372] Example 1:

[0373] If the control unit X251 fails to obtain information about Z0, it outputs a control signal X200a containing information indicating that sensing is possible. Therefore, based on the information indicating that sensing is possible in the control signal X200a, the sensing unit X204 becomes capable of performing sensing-related transmission and reception operations.

[0374] Example 2:

[0375] If the control unit X251 fails to obtain information about Z0, it outputs a control signal X200a containing the information that sensing is prohibited. Therefore, the sensing unit X204 stops the transmitting and receiving operations associated with sensing based on the information that sensing is prohibited in the control signal X200a.

[0376] Furthermore, while the example of a beacon was used above, the frames for the AP to send the “Allow / Disallow Sensing” area (field) Z0 are not limited to beacons.

[0377] Next, other embodiments will be described. For example, in Figure 68The following scenario serves as an example: There is a first AP in room Y100, a second AP and a third AP in office Y101, and a fourth AP. A terminal held by person X152 can receive beacons from all four APs. The beacon sent by the first AP is referred to as the "first beacon," the beacon sent by the second AP as the "second beacon," the beacon sent by the third AP as the "third beacon," and the beacon sent by the fourth AP as the "fourth beacon."

[0378] At this time, as described in other implementations, the first AP is sending a beacon. Assume that in... Figure 16 The extended area of ​​the beacon is pre-defined with a "allow / disallow sensing" field. For example, suppose the "allow / disallow sensing" field is set to Z10. Furthermore, suppose Z10 is set to "1" when sensing is allowed and "0" when sensing is disallowed.

[0379] As described in other implementations, the second AP is sending a beacon. Assume that in... Figure 16 The extended area of ​​the beacon is pre-defined with a "allow / disallow sensing" field. For example, suppose the "allow / disallow sensing" field is set to Z20. Furthermore, suppose Z20 is set to "1" when sensing is allowed and "0" when sensing is disallowed.

[0380] As described in other implementations, the third AP is sending a beacon. Assume that in... Figure 16 The extended area of ​​the beacon is pre-defined with a "allow / disallow sensing" field. For example, suppose the "allow / disallow sensing" field is set to Z30. Furthermore, suppose Z30 is set to "1" when sensing is allowed and "0" when sensing is disallowed.

[0381] As described in other implementations, the fourth AP is sending a beacon. Assume that in... Figure 16 The extended area of ​​the beacon is pre-defined with a "allow / disallow sensing" field. For example, suppose the "allow / disallow sensing" field is set to Z40. Furthermore, suppose Z40 is set to "1" when sensing is allowed and "0" when sensing is disallowed.

[0382] Therefore, possessing Figure 69The transceiver unit X202 of the terminal with the following structure receives the first, second, third, and fourth beacons. For example, the transceiver unit X202 demodulates the first beacon and obtains Z10 as "1". Next, the transceiver unit X202 demodulates the second beacon and obtains Z20 as "1". The transceiver unit X202 demodulates the third beacon and obtains Z30 as "1". The transceiver unit X202 demodulates the fourth beacon and obtains Z40 as "1". Then, the transceiver unit X202 outputs received data X215 containing this information.

[0383] Based on the "information that Z10 is '1'", "information that Z20 is '1'", "information that Z30 is '1'", and "information that Z40 is '1'" contained in the received data X215, the control unit X251 determines that sensing can be performed and outputs a control signal X200a containing the information that sensing can be performed.

[0384] Based on the sensing capability information in the control signal X200a, the sensing unit X204 becomes capable of performing sensing-related sending and receiving actions.

[0385] The control unit X251 performs the following operation, for example: It acquires multiple beacons from multiple APs, and when all beacons are allowed to be sensed, it outputs a control signal X200a containing information that sensing is possible.

[0386] However, the methods for determining whether sensing is feasible are not limited to the examples mentioned above. For instance, a threshold can be pre-set for the received electric field strength (e.g., RRSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator)), and only information from beacons exceeding the threshold can be deemed valid and used for sensing control.

[0387] Furthermore, the terminal can also control the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the received electric field strength (e.g., RSSI).

[0388] Furthermore, while the example of a beacon was used above, the frames that the AP uses to send “allow / disallow sensing” area (field) frames are not limited to beacons.

[0389] This enables the implementation of sensing that takes into account individual privacy.

[0390] Further description of other embodiments follows. For example, in... Figure 68The following scenario serves as an example: There is a first AP in room Y100, a second AP and a third AP in office Y101, and a fourth AP. A terminal held by person X152 can receive beacons from all four APs. The beacon sent by the first AP is referred to as the "first beacon," the beacon sent by the second AP as the "second beacon," the beacon sent by the third AP as the "third beacon," and the beacon sent by the fourth AP as the "fourth beacon."

[0391] At this point, assume that it has Figure 69 The terminal of the structure obtains one of the first, second, third, and fourth beacons.

[0392] Based on the information of a certain beacon in the received data X215, the control unit X251 outputs a control signal X200a that prohibits sensing this information.

[0393] Next, the sensing unit X204 stops the transmitting and receiving operations associated with sensing based on the information that sensing is not allowed in the control signal X200a.

[0394] On the other hand, assuming that Figure 69 The terminal of the structure did not receive any of the first, second, third, and fourth beacons.

[0395] At this time, the control unit X251 outputs a control signal X200a containing information that can be sensed.

[0396] Next, the sensing unit X204, based on the sensing capability information in the control signal X200a, enters a state where it can perform sensing-related transmission and reception actions.

[0397] Furthermore, the operational examples are not limited to those described above. For example, a threshold may be preset for the received electric field strength (e.g., RRSI), and when a beacon above the threshold is obtained, the control unit X251 outputs a control signal X200a containing information that sensing is not allowed. Alternatively, when a beacon smaller than (or below) the threshold is obtained, a control signal X200a containing information that sensing is allowed may also be output.

[0398] Furthermore, the terminal can also control the transmission power of the sensing signal based on the received electric field strength (e.g., RSSI).

[0399] This enables the implementation of sensing that takes into account individual privacy.

[0400] Other embodiments will be described.

[0401] Figure 70This is a graph illustrating the transmission status of the terminal and the AP. The horizontal axis represents time.

[0402] First, it has Figure 69 The terminal in the structure sends a sensing request X401 to inquire whether sensing is permitted. The AP that receives the signal sends a sensing response X402 containing one of the following information: "Sensing permitted / Sensing prohibited".

[0403] Next, the terminal receives a sensing response X402 from the AP. The terminal's control unit X251 determines whether sensing is allowed or not based on the information contained in the sensing response X402 included in the received data X215.

[0404] If sensing is deemed not permitted, the control unit X251 outputs a control signal X200a containing this information. Then, the sensing unit X204, based on the "sensing not permitted" information in the control signal X200a, stops all sensing-related transmission and reception operations.

[0405] If sensing is deemed permissible, the control unit X251 outputs a control signal X200a containing information indicating that sensing is permissible. Then, based on this information in the control signal X200a, the sensing unit X204 enters a state where it can perform sensing-related transmission and reception operations.

[0406] Sometimes although it has Figure 69 The terminal of the structure sent a sensing request X401, but there was no response from the AP.

[0407] In this situation, the terminal can determine whether sensing is allowed or not. The sensing unit X204 controls the sending and receiving actions based on the determination.

[0408] Furthermore, the sensing request X401 may include information such as destination information (e.g., the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the AP that becomes the destination), terminal information (e.g., the MAC address of the terminal itself), and other information. Additionally, the sensing request X401 may include pilot symbols, pilot signals, reference symbols, reference signals, preambles, etc., used for demodulation, and may also include other signals and symbols.

[0409] Furthermore, the sensing response X402 may include destination information (e.g., the MAC address of the terminal that becomes the destination), AP information (e.g., the AP's own MAC address, the AP's own SSID (Service Set Identifier), etc.), and may also include other information. Additionally, the sensing response X402 may include pilot symbols, pilot signals, reference symbols, reference signals, preambles, etc., used for demodulation, and may also include other signals and symbols.

[0410] For example, the sensing response X402 may also include information related to the transmission power when the terminal transmits the sensing signal. In this case, based on the information in the sensing response X402, the terminal controls the transmission power of the sensing signal in the power control unit X208.

[0411] Additionally, the sensing response X402 can also include information about the time interval at which the sensing signal can be transmitted. For example, if... Figure 70 As shown, the AP communicates with the terminal, and the terminal begins sensing. If the terminal continues sensing at this point, it may cause the terminal to perform line signaling even in locations where privacy issues might arise.

[0412] Assume that the sensing response X402 contains "information about the time interval during which a sensing signal can be transmitted". Figure 69 The control unit X251 of the terminal with the structure obtains the information contained in the sensing response X402 included in the received data X215, thereby obtaining "information on the time interval during which a sensing signal can be transmitted". Then, based on this information, the control unit X251 outputs a control signal X200a containing information on the time interval for performing the sensing action. The sensing unit X204 takes the control signal X200a as input and, based on the information on the time of the sensing action contained in the control signal X200a, controls the timing of the transmission and reception processing for sensing.

[0413] Based on the above, it is possible to achieve the effect of sensing that takes into account the privacy of each individual.

[0414] In addition, Figure 69 Although it is called a "sensing unit", the sensing unit X204 is a part that performs processing to generate and transmit signals for sensing or to generate sensing results. The sensing unit X204 can be considered as a signal processing unit for sensing.

[0415] The implementation methods have been described above, but the various implementation methods can also be combined. In addition, the various implementation methods can also be combined with the supplementary content below.

[0416] The structure of APs and terminals is not limited to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The structure of the AP and terminal can be as follows: for each frequency band, it has one or more transmitting antennas, and generates and transmits one or more modulation signals and sensing signals in each frequency band; alternatively, it can have one or more receiving antennas for each frequency band, and receive signals from each frequency band. The transmitting and receiving antennas can also be shared.

[0417] Figure 71 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a device, such as an access point (AP) or a terminal, equipped with a dual-purpose (transmit and receive) antenna. The transceiver unit 162 outputs a transmit signal to the selection unit 164. The transceiver unit 162 receives a receive signal output from the selection unit 165.

[0418] The sensing unit 163 outputs a sensing signal to the selection unit 164. The sensing unit 163 receives a sensing and receiving signal (e.g., a reflected wave signal) output from the selection unit 165. The sensing unit 163 may also have the function of an estimation unit, which senses an object based on the sensing and receiving signal.

[0419] Under the control of the control unit 161, the selection unit 164 outputs the transmit signal from the transceiver unit 162 to the transceiver antenna unit 166. Additionally, under the control of the control unit 161, the selection unit 164 outputs the sensing signal from the sensing unit 163 to the transceiver antenna unit 166.

[0420] Under the control of the control unit 161, the selection unit 165 outputs the received signal from the selection unit 165 to the transceiver unit 162. In addition, under the control of the control unit 161, the selection unit 165 outputs the sensing received signal from the selection unit 165 to the sensing unit 163.

[0421] The control unit 161 controls the selection units 164 and 165 based on the timing of transmitting the transmitted signal and the sensing signal, and the timing of receiving the received signal and the sensing and receiving signal. The control unit 161 switches the antenna of the transceiver antenna unit 166 in time for either transmitting or receiving. The transceiver antenna unit 166 has one or more antennas.

[0422] Each implementation is merely an example. For instance, even if "modulation method, error correction coding method (error correction code used, code length, coding rate, etc.), control information, etc." are exemplified, the same structure can still be used when other "modulation method, error correction coding method (error correction code used, code length, coding rate, etc.), control information, etc." are applied.

[0423] Regarding modulation methods, even if other modulation methods are used, the implementation methods and other contents described in this specification can still be implemented. For example, APSK (Amplitude Phase Shift Keying) (e.g., 16APSK, 64APSK, 128APSK, 256APSK, 1024APSK, 4096APSK, etc.), PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) (e.g., 4PAM, 8PAM, 16PAM, 64PAM, 128PAM, 256PAM, 1024PAM, 4096PAM, etc.), PSK (Phase Shift Keying) (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16PSK, 64PSK, 128PSK, 256PSK, 1024PSK, 4096PSK, etc.), QAM (Quadrature Amplitude) can be applied. Modulation (quadrature amplitude modulation) (e.g., 4QAM, 8QAM, 16QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, 4096QAM, etc.) can also employ uniform mapping or non-uniform mapping in each modulation scheme.

[0424] Furthermore, the configuration methods of 2, 4, 8, 16, 64, 128, 256, 1024, etc. signal points in the I (in-phase)-Q (quadrature) plane (modulation methods with 2, 4, 8, 16, 64, 128, 256, 1024, etc. signal points) are not limited to the signal point configuration methods of the modulation methods shown in this specification.

[0425] In this specification, a device that has a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, a sensing device, or a device with sensing and communication functions can be considered as such as a broadcasting station, a base station, an access point, a terminal, a mobile phone or other communication / playback device, a television, a radio, a personal computer, an eNB (e Node B), a gNB (g Node B), a repeater, a server, a home appliance, a smartphone, a tablet computer, a vehicle, a car, a ship, an airplane, a drone, a satellite, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric skateboard, an electric scooter, a bicycle, a motorcycle, a motorized bicycle, a skateboard, a scooter, etc. Therefore, the portion described as an AP in this specification applies to "e.g., broadcasting stations, base stations, access points, terminals, mobile phones and other communication / playback devices, televisions, radios, personal computers, eNBs (e Node B), gNBs (g Node B), repeaters, servers, home appliances, smartphones, tablets, vehicles, automobiles, ships, airplanes, drones, satellites, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric skateboards, electric scooters, bicycles, motorcycles, motorized bicycles, skateboards, scooters, etc." Similarly, the portion described as a terminal applies to "e.g., broadcasting stations, base stations, access points, terminals, mobile phones and other communication / playback devices, televisions, radios, personal computers, eNBs (e Node B), gNBs (g Node B), repeaters, servers, home appliances, smartphones, tablets, vehicles, automobiles, ships, airplanes, drones, satellites, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric skateboards, electric scooters, bicycles, motorcycles, motorized bicycles, skateboards, scooters, etc."

[0426] Alternatively, the transmitting and receiving devices in this disclosure may be considered as devices with sensing and / or communication functions, and such devices are designed to be connected to devices such as televisions, radios, personal computers, and mobile phones via certain interfaces for executing applications.

[0427] Alternatively, in this embodiment, symbols other than data symbols, such as pilot symbols (preamble, unique code, sync code, reference symbol, intermediate code, etc.), symbols for control information, and empty symbols, can be configured in the frame in any way. Although referred to here as "pilot symbols" or "symbols for control information," they can be named in any way; the important point is the function itself.

[0428] Figure 72A and Figure 72B This is a diagram illustrating an example of a frame structure configured with intermediate codes. For example... Figure 72A and Figure 72B As shown, intermediate codes can also be configured within the frame. Additionally, as... Figure 72B As shown, a protection zone can also be set behind and / or in front of the intermediate code in the time axis direction. Alternatively, the intermediate code can also be used as a sensing signal.

[0429] Furthermore, although it is referred to as "sensing reference symbol" in the above content, it can be called "sensing beacon" or any other name. The important thing is the function. Additionally, a beacon can also be called a "beacon signal".

[0430] Pilot symbols, for example, can be any known symbols modulated using PSK modulation in a transceiver. The receiver uses these symbols for frequency synchronization, time synchronization, channel estimation (CSI - Channel State Information) of each modulated signal, signal detection, etc. Alternatively, the receiver can synchronize the pilot symbols, thus knowing which symbols the transmitter has already transmitted.

[0431] In addition, the symbols used for control information are the following symbols, namely, symbols used to transmit information that needs to be transmitted to the communication object in order to realize communication other than data (data of application programs, etc.) (e.g., the modulation method, error correction coding method, coding rate of error correction coding method, setting information in higher layers, etc.).

[0432] Furthermore, this disclosure is not limited to each embodiment and various modifications can be made to implement it. For example, in each embodiment, the device has been described, but it is not limited thereto, and the communication method of the device may also be implemented as software.

[0433] For example, the program that executes the above communication method can be pre-stored in ROM (Read Only Memory) and activated by CPU (Central Processing Unit).

[0434] Alternatively, the program for executing the above communication method can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, the program stored in the storage medium can be recorded into the computer's RAM (Random Access Memory), and the computer can be made to operate according to the program.

[0435] The structures described in the above embodiments can also typically be implemented as LSIs (Large Scale Integration) as integrated circuits with input and output terminals. These can be implemented individually on a single chip, or they can be implemented as a single chip incorporating all or part of the structures of each embodiment. Here it is referred to as "LSI," but depending on the degree of integration, it can also be called "IC (Integrated Circuit)," "System LSI," "Super LSI," or "Ultra LSI." Furthermore, the method of integrated circuit implementation is not limited to LSIs; it can also be implemented using dedicated circuits or general-purpose processors. FPGAs that can be programmed after being manufactured using LSIs can also be used, or reconfigurable processors that can reconfigure the connections or settings of the circuit blocks within an LSI can be utilized. Moreover, if, with the advancement of semiconductor technology or the emergence of other derived technologies, integrated circuit technologies that replace LSIs appear, these technologies can certainly be used to achieve the integration of functional blocks. There is also the possibility of applying biotechnology, etc.

[0436] Furthermore, the transmission methods corresponding to base stations, access points (APs), and terminals can be either multi-carrier methods such as OFDM or single-carrier methods. Additionally, base stations, terminals, and access points can correspond to both multi-carrier and single-carrier methods. In this case, there are multiple methods to generate modulated signals in single-carrier mode, which can be implemented in any scenario. Examples of single-carrier methods include "DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform)-Spread OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)," "Trajectory Constrained DFT-Spread OFDM," "OFDM-based SC (Single Carrier)," "SC (Single Carrier)-FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)," and "Guard interval DFT-Spread OFDM."

[0437] Alternatively, at least one of the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and CPU (Central Processing Unit) can be configured to download all or part of the software required to implement the communication and sensing methods described in this disclosure via wireless or wired communication. Furthermore, it can be configured to download all or part of the software for updates via wireless or wired communication. Additionally, the downloaded software can be stored in a storage unit, and based on the stored software, at least one of the FPGA and CPU can be activated to execute the digital signal processing described in this disclosure.

[0438] At this time, a device including at least one of the FPGA and CPU can also be connected to a communication modem wirelessly or wiredly, and the communication and sensing methods described in this disclosure can be implemented through the device and the communication modem.

[0439] For example, the base station, access point, terminal, and other communication and sensing devices described in this specification may include at least one of an FPGA and a CPU, and the communication and sensing devices may include an interface for acquiring software from an external source, which is used to operate at least one of the FPGA and the CPU. Furthermore, the communication and sensing devices may also include a storage unit for storing the externally acquired software, and based on the stored software, operate the FPGA and CPU to implement the signal processing described in this disclosure.

[0440] When APs and terminals transmit data symbols, MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) transmission mode, which transmits multiple modulated signals from multiple antennas, can also be used.

[0441] In this specification, the parts and operations described regarding access points (APs) can also refer to parts and operations of communication equipment such as base stations, terminals, mobile phones, televisions, radios, personal computers, eNBs, gNBs, repeaters, servers, home appliances, smartphones, tablets, vehicles, automobiles, ships, airplanes, drones, satellites, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric skateboards, electric scooters, bicycles, motorcycles, motorized bicycles, skateboards, and scooters. Furthermore, the parts and operations described regarding terminals in this specification can also refer to parts and operations of communication equipment such as base stations, access points, mobile phones, televisions, radios, personal computers, eNBs, gNBs, repeaters, servers, home appliances, smartphones, tablets, vehicles, automobiles, ships, airplanes, drones, satellites, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric skateboards, electric scooters, bicycles, motorcycles, motorized bicycles, skateboards, and scooters.

[0442] Communication between the AP and the terminal includes, for example, CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access), CSMA / CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance), TDD (Time Division Duplex), TDM (Time Division Multiplexing), FDD (Frequency Division Duplex), and FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing). Communication between the gNB and the terminal includes, for example, TDD, TDM, FDD, and FDM.

[0443] In the above context, for example, an access point (AP) can transmit communication signals in the 5 GHz band and sensing signals in the 6 GHz band. A terminal can also transmit communication signals in the 5 GHz band and sensing signals in the 6 GHz band. In other words, the 5 GHz band can be considered equivalent to the primary channel described in this specification, and the 6 GHz band to the secondary channel. More broadly, the first frequency band can also be considered equivalent to the primary channel described in this specification, and the second frequency band to the secondary channel. Furthermore, the first and second frequency bands are different frequency bands.

[0444] Furthermore, a terminal communicating with the AP may have a receiving unit. The receiving unit receives beacon signals transmitted by the AP in the first channel.

[0445] The terminal includes a control unit. The control unit generates a sensing signal based on information contained in the extended area of ​​the beacon signal. Additionally, the control unit generates a data signal.

[0446] The information contained in the extended region is, for example, Figure 16 The information described herein. For example, the terminal's control unit may also generate a sensing signal transmitted in the second channel based on information about the channel corresponding to the sensing contained in the extended area of ​​the beacon signal (indicating information about the second channel).

[0447] The terminal includes a transmitting unit. The transmitting unit transmits sensing signals generated by the control unit in a second channel. Additionally, the transmitting unit transmits data signals generated by the control unit in one or both of the first and second channels.

[0448] The receiving unit of the terminal may also correspond to, for example, Figures 1-3 The receiving devices X106, X206, and X308 are shown. The control unit of the terminal may also correspond to, for example, [the following]. Figures 1-3The transmitting devices X101, X201, and X301 are shown. The transmitting unit of the terminal may also correspond to, for example, [the following]. Figures 1-3 The transmitting devices X101, X201, and X301 are shown.

[0449] Additionally, an access point (AP) that communicates with a terminal may have a control unit. This control unit sets information related to the sensing of objects using the second channel within the extended region of the beacon signal.

[0450] The control unit of the AP can also be set in the extended area of ​​the beacon signal, for example. Figure 16 The information described herein. For example, the control unit may also set information about the channel corresponding to the sensing in the extended area of ​​the beacon signal (indicating information about the second channel, which is different from the first channel transmitting the beacon signal). Additionally, the control unit generates a data signal. Furthermore, the control unit may also generate a sensing signal transmitted in the second channel and sense an object.

[0451] The AP includes a transmitting unit. The transmitting unit transmits beacon signals in the first channel. Additionally, the transmitting unit transmits data signals generated by the control unit in one or both of the first and second channels. Furthermore, the transmitting unit may also transmit sensing signals generated by the control unit in the second channel.

[0452] The control unit of the AP can also correspond to, for example, the AP control unit. Figures 1-3 The transmitting devices X101, X201, and X301 are shown. The transmitting unit may also correspond to, for example, [other types of transmitting units]. Figures 1-3 The transmitting devices X101, X201, and X301 are shown.

[0453] The beacon signal, sensing signal (sensing reference code), and data signal (data code) are configured, for example, in the manner described in the various embodiments (shown in the accompanying drawings) of the frame structure example. The first channel can also be the primary channel, and the second channel can also be the secondary channel.

[0454] Based on the above structure, the terminal can perform object sensing. Furthermore, in the communication system, sensing signals and data signals can coexist.

[0455] In the above embodiments, the term "...part" used in the structural elements can also be replaced with other terms such as "...circuitry", "...device", "...unit" or "...module".

[0456] The embodiments have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this disclosure is not limited to these examples. Those skilled in the art will obviously conceive of various modifications or alterations within the scope of the claims. It should be understood that such modifications or alterations also fall within the technical scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, the structural elements in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined without departing from the spirit of this disclosure.

[0457] This disclosure can be implemented in software, hardware, or software in cooperation with hardware. The functional blocks used in the above embodiments are implemented partially or wholly as LSIs (Large Scale Integration), and the processes described in the above embodiments can also be controlled partially or wholly by a single LSI or a combination of LSIs. An LSI can be composed of individual chips, or it can be composed of a single chip containing some or all of the functional blocks. An LSI can also include data input and output. Depending on the degree of integration, an LSI can also be referred to as an "IC (Integrated Circuit)," "System LSI," "Super LSI," or "Ultra LSI."

[0458] The method of integrating LSIs is not limited to LSIs; it can also be implemented using dedicated circuits, general-purpose processors, or special-purpose processors. Alternatively, LSIs can be used to fabricate programmable FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), or reconfigurable processors that allow for reconfiguration of the connections or settings of the circuit blocks within the LSI. This disclosure can also be implemented for digital or analog processing.

[0459] Furthermore, if advancements in semiconductor technology or the emergence of other derivative technologies lead to integrated circuit technologies that can replace LSIs, these technologies could also be used to integrate functional blocks. There are also possibilities for applications such as biotechnology.

[0460] This disclosure can be implemented in all kinds of devices, apparatuses, and systems with communication capabilities (collectively referred to as "communication devices"). A communication device may also include a wireless transceiver and processing / control circuitry. The wireless transceiver may also include a receiving unit and a transmitting unit, or perform the functions of these units. The wireless transceiver (transmitting unit, receiving unit) may also include an RF (Radio Frequency) module and one or more antennas. The RF module may also include an amplifier, an RF modulator / demodulator, or similar devices. Non-limiting examples of communication devices include: telephones (mobile phones, smartphones, etc.), tablet computers, personal computers (PCs) (laptops, desktops, laptops, etc.), cameras (digital cameras, digital camcorders, etc.), digital players (digital audio / video players, etc.), wearable devices (wearable cameras, smartwatches, tracking devices, etc.), game consoles, e-book readers, remote health / telemedicine (remote healthcare / medical prescription) devices, vehicles or transportation vehicles with communication capabilities (cars, airplanes, ships, etc.), and combinations of the various devices described above.

[0461] Communication devices are not limited to portable or mobile devices, but also include all kinds of devices, equipment, and systems that cannot be carried or fixed. Examples include smart home devices (home appliances, lighting equipment, smart meters or meters, control panels, etc.), vending machines, and all other "things" that can exist on the IoT (Internet of Things) network.

[0462] In addition to data communication via cellular systems, wireless LAN (Local Area Network) systems, and communication satellite systems, communication also includes data communication via a combination of these systems.

[0463] In addition, the communication device also includes devices such as controllers or sensors that are connected or linked to a communication device performing the communication functions described in this disclosure. For example, it includes a controller or sensor that generates control signals or data signals used by the communication device to perform the communication functions of the communication device.

[0464] In addition, the communication device includes infrastructure equipment that communicates with or controls the various devices described above (not limited to these), such as base stations, access points, and all other devices, equipment, and systems.

[0465] (Summary of this disclosure)

[0466] The communication apparatus disclosed herein includes: a receiving unit that receives a beacon signal in a first channel; a control unit that generates a sensing signal based on information contained in an extended region of the beacon signal; and a transmitting unit that transmits the sensing signal in a second channel.

[0467] In the communication apparatus disclosed herein, the transmitting unit may also use channel aggregation to transmit the sensing signal.

[0468] In the communication device disclosed herein, the transmitting unit may also use channel bundling to transmit the sensing signal.

[0469] In the communication device disclosed herein, the transmitting unit may also transmit data signals in one or both of the first channel and the second channel.

[0470] In the communication apparatus disclosed herein, the transmitting unit may also use channel aggregation to transmit the data signal.

[0471] In the communication apparatus disclosed herein, the transmitting unit may also use channel bonding to transmit the data signal.

[0472] In the communication device disclosed herein, the first channel may also be the primary channel, and the second channel may also be the secondary channel.

[0473] The communication device disclosed herein includes: a control unit that sets information related to sensing using a first channel in an extended region of a beacon signal; and a transmission unit that transmits the beacon signal in a second channel.

[0474] In the communication method disclosed herein, the communication device performs the following steps: receiving a beacon signal in a first channel; generating a sensing signal based on information contained in the extended region of the beacon signal; and transmitting the sensing signal in a second channel.

[0475] In the communication method disclosed herein, the communication device performs the following steps: setting information related to sensing using a first channel in an extended region of the beacon signal; and transmitting the beacon signal in a second channel.

[0476] The entire contents of the description, drawings and abstract of the description contained in Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-197463, filed on October 30, 2019, are incorporated herein by reference.

[0477] Industrial applicability

[0478] This disclosure is useful for object sensing in communication systems.

[0479] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0480] X100, X200, X300 devices

[0481] X101, X201, X301 Transmitting Devices

[0482] X103_1~X103_M, X104_1~X104_M antennas

[0483] X106, X206, X306 receiving devices

[0484] X108, X208, X308 Estimation Department

[0485] 151 Terminal

[0486] 152 base stations

Claims

1. A terminal, characterized in that, include: The receiving unit receives beacon signals in the first channel; The control unit generates a sensing signal for sensing objects different from the terminal, based on information contained in an optional portion of the beacon signal. The transmitting unit transmits the sensing signal in the second channel; as well as The estimation unit estimates the orientation of an object that reflects the sensed signal and is different from the terminal. The receiving unit receives sensing signals reflected back from objects different from the terminal. The transmitting unit uses channel aggregation to transmit the sensing signal, or uses channel bundling to transmit the sensing signal.

2. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The transmitting unit transmits data signals in one or both of the first channel and the second channel.

3. The terminal as described in claim 2, wherein, The transmitting unit uses channel aggregation to transmit the data signal.

4. The terminal as described in claim 2, wherein, The transmitting unit uses channel bundling to transmit the data signal.

5. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The first channel is the primary channel. The second channel is a secondary channel.

6. A communication method, characterized in that, The terminal performs the following steps: Receive beacon signals in the first channel; Based on the information contained in an optional portion of the beacon signal, a sensing signal is generated for sensing objects different from the terminal; Estimate the orientation of the object that reflects the sensed signal, which is different from the terminal; Receive sensing signals reflected back from objects different from the terminal; as well as The sensing signal is transmitted using channel aggregation or channel bundling in the second channel.

Images