A transformation crystallization treatment device for household garbage

Abstract

The application provides a transformation crystallization treatment equipment for household garbage, which comprises a body, a pretreatment chamber, a pyrolysis melting chamber, a water gas treatment chamber and a solidification chamber are arranged in the body, a plurality of conveying mechanisms are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the pyrolysis melting chamber, the conveying directions of adjacent conveying mechanisms are opposite, a plurality of blocking plates are staggered arranged on the inner wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber, the conveying mechanisms and the blocking plates cooperatively form a snakelike conveying channel for transporting garbage, the conveying mechanism comprises two closed driving racks, a group of transmission gears for driving the driving racks to move and a plurality of movable plates which are rotationally connected between the driving racks, and a plurality of blocking blocks are arranged on the side of the driving rack close to the movable plate. The application relates to the technical field of garbage treatment and has the advantages of high heating effect, small energy consumption, fast combustion efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste treatment technology, specifically to a transformation and crystallization treatment device for municipal solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] The basic method of waste treatment is to reduce the volume of waste through appropriate thermal decomposition, combustion, melting and other reactions, so that the waste is reduced to residue or molten solid matter through oxidation at high temperature.

[0003] Existing waste treatment equipment requires preheating and drying the waste before pyrolysis and melting. After preheating, the waste is poured directly into the pyrolysis furnace for heating, which causes the waste to accumulate in the furnace and results in poor combustion. Some waste treatment equipment uses lifting and conveying devices to heat and melt the waste while it is being transported. This reduces the time the waste spends in the pyrolysis and melting chamber, leading to incomplete combustion and affecting subsequent solidification treatment. Furthermore, the above structures require a large number of heating components in the pyrolysis furnace, resulting in high energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a transformation and crystallization treatment device for municipal solid waste, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] A transformation and crystallization treatment device for municipal solid waste includes a main body. The main body internally comprises a pretreatment chamber, a pyrolysis melting chamber, a water and gas treatment chamber, and a solidification chamber. The pretreatment chamber has a waste inlet at its top. The pyrolysis melting chamber has a first passageway on one side of its top, communicating with the pretreatment chamber. The pyrolysis melting chamber has a second passageway on one side of its bottom, communicating with the solidification chamber. Multiple conveying mechanisms are arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the pyrolysis melting chamber, with adjacent conveying mechanisms conveying in opposite directions. Multiple baffles are staggered on the inner wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber. The multiple conveying mechanisms interact with the baffles... The baffles work together to form a serpentine transport channel for transporting waste. The conveying mechanism includes two closed drive racks, a set of transmission gears for driving the drive racks, and multiple movable plates rotatably connected between the drive racks. Multiple blocking blocks are provided on the side of the drive racks near the movable plates. When the movable plates are above the transmission gears, they form a support under the action of the blocking blocks. When the movable plates move to below the transmission gears, they hang vertically under the influence of gravity. Multiple heating mechanisms are provided on the inner wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber located between the sets of transmission gears. A waste outlet is opened on one side of the solidification chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the movable plate is provided with a plurality of heat-conducting holes for heat transfer, and when the movable plate is in a vertically hanging state, a longitudinal heat-conducting channel is formed between adjacent movable plates.

[0008] Preferably, when the movable plate in the conveying mechanism is in a vertically hanging state, the distance between the movable plate and the conveying mechanism below it is in the range of 1.2cm to 2cm. When the movable plate near the bottom of the pyrolysis melting chamber is in a vertically hanging state, the distance between the movable plate and the bottom of the pyrolysis melting chamber is in the range of 0.2cm to 0.3cm.

[0009] Preferably, the baffle plate is inclinedly disposed on the inner wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber, the baffle plate is inclined downward, and the end of the baffle plate extends to the support portion.

[0010] Preferably, the heating mechanism includes a reflector, a heating plate and a focusing plate from bottom to top. The reflector has a curved surface structure on the side near the heating plate and is uniformly provided with multiple hexagonal prisms. The heating plate is uniformly provided with multiple electric heating wires, and the focusing plate is embedded with a convex mirror.

[0011] Preferably, the top wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber is provided with an exhaust pipe, which is connected to the water and gas treatment device inside the water and gas treatment chamber.

[0012] Preferably, a guide rail is provided on the side of the main body near the garbage inlet, and a lifting block for driving the garbage bin to rise and fall is slidably connected on the guide rail. A flipping block for driving the garbage bin to dump garbage is rotatably connected on the lifting block, and a fixing claw for fixing the garbage bin is provided on the flipping block.

[0013] Preferably, the solidification chamber is equipped with a solidification device for crystallizing and solidifying the molten solid residue after waste combustion. The solidification device is connected to the second outlet through an inlet pipe and to the waste outlet through an outlet pipe.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. The waste is transported through a serpentine transport channel formed between the conveying mechanism and the baffle plate inside the pyrolysis melting chamber while being pyrolyzed and melted. On the one hand, this ensures that there is sufficient oxygen content between the waste, which helps to improve combustion efficiency. On the other hand, it can extend the heating time of the waste in the pyrolysis melting chamber while ensuring the waste is transported, so that the waste can be completely burned into molten solid residue.

[0016] 2. When the movable plate is above the transmission gear, it remains horizontal under the action of the blocking block and supports the transport of waste. When the movable plate moves to below the transmission gear, it hangs vertically under the influence of gravity. On the one hand, a longitudinal heat conduction channel is formed between adjacent movable plates, which can concentrate heat and transfer it to the upper conveying mechanism in sequence, thereby improving the heating effect of the upper waste and providing a certain degree of drying and preheating effect on the waste entering the pyrolysis melting chamber. On the other hand, the vertically hanging movable plate can separate the waste during movement, preventing the waste from sticking and clumping together, and can also provide a certain degree of propulsion for the molten solid residue or waste at the bottom, preventing the accumulation of waste or molten solid residue and affecting work efficiency.

[0017] 3. The trash can is lifted to the top via a guide rail and the trash is poured into the trash inlet. The trash then passes through the pretreatment chamber, the pyrolysis melting chamber, and the solidification chamber in sequence. The entire process is automated, saving manpower and increasing work efficiency. All products generated by pyrolysis melting can be purified or recycled, making it environmentally friendly and pollution-free. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism in this invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the internal breakdown of the heating mechanism in this invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1-Main body, 11-Garbage inlet, 111-Flipping cover, 112-First motor, 12-Garbage outlet, 13-Exhaust pipe, 14-Guide rail, 15-Lifting block, 151-Flipping block, 152-Fixing gripper, 153-Second motor, 16-Electrical control cabinet, 2-Pretreatment chamber, 21-Crusher, 3-Pyrolysis melting chamber, 31-First passage, 32-Second passage, 33-Baffle plate, 34-Serpentine transport channel, 35-Heat conduction channel, 36-Exhaust pipe, 37-Limiting plate, 4-Water and gas treatment chamber, 41-Water and gas treatment device, 4 2-First pipe, 43-Catalytic reactor, 44-Second pipe, 441-Filter chamber, 442-Filter membrane, 45-Water storage tank, 46-Third pipe, 5-Cure chamber, 51-Cure device, 52-Inlet pipe, 53-Outlet pipe, 6-Conveying mechanism, 61-Drive rack, 611-Blocking block, 62-Transmission gear, 63-Moving plate, 631-Heat conduction hole, 64-Supporting part, 7-Heating mechanism, 71-Reflector, 711-Hexagonal prism, 72-Heating plate, 721-Electric heating wire, 73-Concentrating plate, 731-Convex mirror, 8-Trash can. Detailed Implementation Plan

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-4This invention provides an embodiment: a transformation and crystallization treatment device for municipal solid waste, comprising a body 1, the body 1 including a pretreatment chamber 2, a pyrolysis melting chamber 3, a water and gas treatment chamber 4, and a solidification chamber 5. The pretreatment chamber 2 has a waste inlet 11 at its top. The pyrolysis melting chamber 3 has a first passage 31 on one side of its top, communicating with the pretreatment chamber 1, and a second passage 32 on one side of its bottom, communicating with the solidification chamber 5. Multiple conveying mechanisms 6 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the pyrolysis melting chamber 3, with adjacent conveying mechanisms 6 conveying in opposite directions. Multiple baffles 33 are staggered on the inner wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber 3. The multiple conveying mechanisms 6 cooperate with the baffles 33 to form a serpentine transport channel 34 for transporting waste. Each conveying mechanism 6 includes two closed drive racks 61 for driving the drive racks 61 to move. A set of transmission gears 62 and multiple movable plates 63 rotatably connected between the drive rack 61. Multiple blocking blocks 611 are provided on the side of the drive rack 61 near the movable plates 63. When the movable plates 63 are above the transmission gears 62, they will be kept horizontal under the action of the blocking blocks 611 to form a support part 64. The support part 64 plays the role of supporting the transport of waste. When the movable plates 63 move to the bottom of the transmission gears 62, they will hang vertically under the influence of gravity. The vertically hanging movable plates 63 can separate the waste during movement, prevent the waste from sticking and clumping, and can also play a certain role in pushing the molten solid residue or waste at the bottom, preventing the accumulation of waste or molten solid residue and affecting the work efficiency. Multiple heating mechanisms 7 are provided on the inner wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber 3 located between each set of transmission gears 62. A waste outlet 12 is opened on one side of the solidification chamber 5.

[0025] The pretreatment chamber 2 is equipped with a crusher 21 for cutting the waste into small pieces. The inlet pipe of the crusher 21 is connected to the waste inlet 11. The waste inlet 11 is equipped with a flip cover 111 for opening and closing the waste inlet 11. The flip cover 111 is driven by a first motor 112. The outlet pipe of the crusher 22 extends into the pyrolysis melting chamber 3 through the first through hole 31. The top of the pyrolysis melting chamber 3 is equipped with a limiting plate 37 for limiting the height of waste accumulation.

[0026] Multiple heat-conducting holes 631 for heat transfer are arrayed on the movable plate 63. When the movable plate is in a vertically hanging state, a longitudinal heat-conducting channel 35 is formed between the connected movable plates 63, which can concentrate heat and transfer it to the upper conveying mechanism 6 in sequence, thereby improving the heating effect of the upper waste and providing a certain preheating effect for the waste entering the pyrolysis melting chamber 3. The two ends of the movable plate 63 are rotatably connected to the rotating holes on the side of the drive rack 61 through the rotating shaft. The drive rack 61 is provided with serrations and meshes with the transmission gear 62.

[0027] When the movable plate 63 in the conveying mechanism 6 is in a vertically hanging state, the gap between the movable plate 63 and the conveying mechanism 6 below it is 1.2cm to 2cm, which can separate the garbage and promote the combustion of garbage components, thus improving the combustion effect. When the movable plate 63 near the bottom of the pyrolysis melting chamber 3 is in a vertically hanging state, the gap between the movable plate 63 and the bottom of the pyrolysis melting chamber 3 is 0.2cm to 0.3cm, which can provide a certain boost to the molten solid residue generated by pyrolysis and prevent the accumulation of molten solid residue at the bottom of the pyrolysis melting chamber 3. In order to prevent a lot of garbage residue from falling onto the movable plate 63, when the movable plate 63 is in a horizontal state, the gap width between adjacent movable plates 63 should be controlled within 0.2cm to 0.3cm.

[0028] The baffle plate 33 is inclinedly disposed on the inner wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber 3, the baffle plate 33 is inclined downward, and the end of the baffle plate 33 extends to the support portion 64.

[0029] The heating mechanism 7 includes, from bottom to top, a reflector 71, a heating plate 72, and a concentrating plate 73. The reflector 71 has a curved structure on the side near the heating plate 72 and is uniformly provided with multiple hexagonal prisms 711. The heating plate 72 is uniformly provided with multiple electric heating wires 721. The concentrating plate 73 is embedded with a convex mirror 731 for concentrating heat. The use of the reflector 71 and the concentrating plate 73 can effectively concentrate the heat generated by the electric heating wires 721 and improve the heating effect of the electric heating wires 721.

[0030] The top wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber 3 is equipped with an extraction pipe 36 for extracting water vapor generated during waste combustion. The extraction pipe 36 is equipped with a filter screen to prevent residue from entering. The extraction pipe 36 is connected to the water vapor treatment device 41 inside the water vapor treatment chamber 4 through a pipeline. The water vapor in the pyrolysis melting chamber 3 is pumped into the water vapor treatment device 41 by a pump. The water vapor treatment device 41 is equipped with an oil-water separation tank for separating the gas, oil and water generated by pyrolysis. The oil-water separation tank is an existing structure and will not be described in detail here. The pyrolysis gas separated by the water vapor treatment device 41 enters the catalytic reactor 43 through the first pipe 42. The heavy metal ions and harmful substances in the gas are separated by the displacement reaction. After purification, the gas is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 13. The discharged gas is colorless and odorless and will not pollute the environment. The oil separated by the water vapor treatment device 41 is pumped into the pyrolysis melting chamber 3 through the third pipe 46 by a pump to further improve the combustion efficiency in the pyrolysis melting chamber 3.

[0031] A guide rail 14 is provided on the side of the main body 1 near the garbage inlet 11. A lifting block 15 for lifting the garbage bin 8 is slidably connected to the guide rail 14. The lifting block 15 is driven by a screw drive, or a chain drive can be used instead. A tilting block 151 for tilting the garbage bin 8 is rotatably connected to the lifting block 15. The tilting block 151 is driven by a second motor 153 at the bottom. A fixing claw 152 for fixing the garbage bin 8 is provided on the tilting block 151. The fixing claw 152 is a mechanical claw structure and is driven by a motor. The mechanical claw gripping the handle of the garbage bin 8 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. An electrical control cabinet 16 for controlling various motors and electrical control components is also provided on the outer side of the main body 1.

[0032] The solidification chamber 5 is equipped with a solidification device 51 for crystallizing and solidifying the molten solid residue after the pyrolysis of the waste. The solidification device 51 and the internal solidification process are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The solidification device 51 is connected to the second through port 32 through the inlet pipe 52 and to the waste outlet 12 through the outlet pipe 53. After the molten solid residue is encapsulated by cement in the solidification device, it forms a pollution-free crystal and is discharged from the waste outlet 12.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the one described above. Any equivalent substitutions and equivalent transformations of the above embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformation and crystallization treatment device for municipal solid waste, comprising a main body (1), characterized in that: The main body (1) includes a pretreatment chamber (2), a pyrolysis melting chamber (3), a water and gas treatment chamber (4), and a solidification chamber (5). The pretreatment chamber (2) has a waste inlet (11) at the top. The pyrolysis melting chamber (3) has a first passage (31) on one side of its top that communicates with the pretreatment chamber (1). The pyrolysis melting chamber (3) has a second passage (32) on one side of its bottom that communicates with the solidification chamber (5). The pyrolysis melting chamber (3) has multiple conveying mechanisms (6) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The conveying directions of adjacent conveying mechanisms (6) are opposite. Multiple baffles (33) are staggered on the inner wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber (3). The multiple conveying mechanisms (6) cooperate with the baffles (33) to form a serpentine transport channel for transporting waste. (34) The conveying mechanism (6) includes two closed drive racks (61), a set of transmission gears (62) for driving the drive racks (61) to move, and multiple movable plates (63) rotatably connected between the drive racks (61). Multiple blocking blocks (611) are provided on the side of the drive racks (61) near the movable plates (63). When the movable plates (63) are above the transmission gears (62), they will form a support part (64) under the action of the blocking blocks (611). When the movable plates (63) move to the bottom of the transmission gears (62), they will hang vertically under the influence of gravity. Multiple heating mechanisms (7) are provided on the inner wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber (3) between each set of transmission gears (62). A waste outlet (12) is opened on one side of the solidification chamber (5). The movable plate (63) is provided with a plurality of heat-conducting holes (631) for heat transfer. When the movable plate (63) is in a vertically hanging state, a longitudinal heat-conducting channel (35) is formed between adjacent movable plates (63). When the movable plate (63) in the conveying mechanism (6) is in a vertically hanging state, the distance between the movable plate (63) and the conveying mechanism (6) below it is in the range of 1.2cm to 2cm. When the movable plate (63) near the bottom of the pyrolysis melting chamber (3) is in a vertically hanging state, the distance between the movable plate (63) and the bottom of the pyrolysis melting chamber (3) is in the range of 0.2cm to 0.3cm.

2. The transformation and crystallization treatment equipment for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle plate (33) is inclined on the inner wall of the pyrolysis melting chamber (3), the baffle plate (33) is inclined downward, and the end of the baffle plate (33) extends to the support (64).

3. The transformation and crystallization treatment equipment for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism (7) includes, from top to bottom, a reflector (71), a heating plate (72), and a focusing plate (73). The reflector (71) has a curved surface structure on the side near the heating plate (72) and is uniformly provided with multiple hexagonal prisms (711). The heating plate (72) is uniformly provided with multiple electric heating wires (721). The focusing plate (73) is embedded with a convex mirror (731).

4. The transformation and crystallization treatment equipment for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis melting chamber (3) is provided with an exhaust pipe (36) on its top wall, and the exhaust pipe (36) is connected to the water and gas treatment device (41) inside the water and gas treatment chamber (4).

5. The transformation and crystallization treatment equipment for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rail (14) is provided on the side of the main body (1) near the garbage inlet (11). A lifting block (15) for lifting the garbage can (8) is slidably connected on the guide rail (14). A flipping block (151) for tilting the garbage can (8) is rotatably connected on the lifting block (15). A fixing claw (152) for fixing the garbage can (8) is provided on the flipping block (151).

6. The transformation and crystallization treatment equipment for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solidification chamber (5) is equipped with a solidification device (51) for crystallizing and solidifying fly ash after waste incineration. The solidification device (51) is connected to the second passage (32) through the inlet pipe (52) and to the waste outlet (12) through the outlet pipe (53).

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