Laminate, method of forming a uv-responsive laminate, and cleaning method

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses laminates, methods of forming UV-responsive laminates, and methods of cleaning, specifically providing a UV-responsive laminate including a first layer having photochromic pigments disposed as a pigment texture, or one or more photochromic indicators, or a combination thereof. The photochromic pigments can be disposed on the laminate in situ during the laminate manufacturing process, prior to installation of the laminate, or after installation. The photochromic pigments are configured to change from a first state to a second state in response to exposure to an ultraviolet (UV) light source, the first state being invisible to the naked eye under ambient lighting and the second state being visible to the naked eye under ambient lighting. The UV-responsive laminate can also include other layers such as a second layer, which can be a connection layer configured to removably connect the laminate to a component. Other layers such as a protective layer or backing layer can also be included in the UV-responsive laminate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to laminates, methods for forming UV-responsive laminates, and cleaning methods. Background Technology

[0002] In the current environment, cleaning the surfaces used to provide services to customers has become crucial. Furthermore, correspondingly, verifying the cleanliness of surfaces is of similar importance. Current surface cleaning methods may not provide a reliable indication of whether a cleaning process has been performed. Therefore, users of these surfaces, or those responsible for performing the cleaning process, cannot reliably verify that these surfaces have been adequately cleaned. Thus, systems and methods for reliably cleaning and verifying that cleaning procedures have been performed remain necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a laminate, in one aspect of which the laminate includes: a first layer having a photochromic pigment configured to change from a first state to a second state in response to exposure to an ultraviolet (UV) light source, the first state being invisible to the naked eye under ambient lighting and the second state being visible to the naked eye under ambient lighting; and a second layer, the second layer being a bonding layer configured to removably connect the laminate to a component.

[0004] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a first layer formed of polyethylene material or glass fiber material.

[0005] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a first layer formed of a material that is at least 30% UV transparent within a predetermined wavelength range.

[0006] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a material having ultraviolet transparency of a predetermined wavelength of about 200 nanometers (nm) to about 360 nm.

[0007] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate comprises a material having UV transparency with a predetermined wavelength of about 222 nm to about 254 nm.

[0008] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a first layer formed of a non-combustible material.

[0009] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a plurality of edges that define surface areas of the laminate.

[0010] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a first layer having a plurality of indicators formed of photochromic pigments, the plurality of indicators being formed over a surface area smaller than the entire surface area.

[0011] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a first layer having a plurality of indicators formed of photochromic pigments, the plurality of indicators being formed over the entire surface area.

[0012] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a first layer having a plurality of indicators having at least one of a first color, a first material, or a first pattern, the first color, first material, or first pattern being different from at least one of a second color, a second material, or a second pattern of the first layer.

[0013] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a laminate configured as a plurality of portions, each of the plurality of portions being spaced apart from adjacent portions of the plurality of portions by a series of perforations.

[0014] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a first layer having a plurality of indicators formed of photochromic pigments, the plurality of indicators being formed in an ordered array.

[0015] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a first layer that also has a pigment texture comprising an embossed pattern in which the photochromic pigment is arranged.

[0016] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a second layer formed of polyethylene material or glass fiber material.

[0017] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a second layer having an adhesive.

[0018] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a backing layer that is removably attached to the second layer.

[0019] In one respect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the second layer of the laminate does not include an adhesive.

[0020] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminate mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a photochromic pigment having a first pigment and a second pigment, the first pigment being configured to change from a second state back to a first state after a first predetermined time period, and the second pigment being configured to change from a second state back to a first state after a second predetermined time period, the first predetermined time period being shorter than the second predetermined time period.

[0021] In one respect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, a laminate includes a first layer that is the outermost layer of the laminate.

[0022] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other laminates mentioned above or below, the laminate includes a protective layer formed on top of a first layer having a photochromic pigment, the protective layer being the outermost layer of the laminate.

[0023] This disclosure provides a method for forming a UV-responsive laminate, the method comprising distributing a photochromic pigment on the laminate, the photochromic pigment being configured to change from a first state to a second state in response to exposure to UV light, the first state being invisible to the naked eye under ambient light and the second state being visible to the naked eye under ambient light, the laminate being formed of a polyethylene material.

[0024] In one aspect, any other method of forming a UV-responsive laminate, in conjunction with the foregoing or hereinafter, includes removably attaching the laminate to the component prior to the arrangement of the photochromic pigment, the arrangement of the photochromic pigment being carried out in situ.

[0025] In one aspect, any other method of forming a UV-responsive laminate in conjunction with the foregoing or hereinafter, the method comprising forming the component from a material selected from the group consisting of polymers, metals, composites, organic materials, and combinations thereof.

[0026] In one aspect, any other method of forming a UV-responsive laminate, as described above or below, may be used, which involves arranging photochromic pigments to form an ordered array of photochromic indicators.

[0027] This disclosure provides a cleaning method comprising: (a) exposing a laminate removably connected to a component and including a photochromic pigment configured in a first state, which is invisible to the naked eye under ambient light; (b) changing the photochromic pigment from the first state to a second state in response to absorbing UV light from the UV light source, the second state being visible to the naked eye under ambient light, the second state indicating that the laminate is clean; and (c) restoring the laminate from the second state to the first state after a predetermined time period by means of the photochromic pigment.

[0028] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other cleaning method described above or below, the method includes (d) after (c) exposing the laminate to a UV light source to change the photochromic pigment from a first state to a second state.

[0029] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other cleaning method described above or below, the method includes a UV light source configured to emit UV light with a wavelength range of about 200 nanometers (nm) to about 360 nm.

[0030] In one aspect, in conjunction with any other cleaning method described above or below, the method includes a UV light source configured to emit UV light with a wavelength range of about 222 nm to about 254 nm. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To gain a more detailed understanding of the features described above, a more specific description can be made by referring to exemplary aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figures 1A-1D An example of a laminate according to aspects of this disclosure is depicted.

[0033] Figures 2A-2E Examples of laminates including photochromic pigments according to aspects of this disclosure are depicted.

[0034] Figure 3 An exemplary cabin interior of an aircraft may include one or more UV-responsive laminates (“laminates”) according to aspects of this disclosure.

[0035] Figure 4 An exemplary service vehicle is depicted that can be used in an aircraft and may include one or more laminates comprising photochromic pigments according to aspects of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 5 An exemplary kitchen (galley) is depicted that may include UV-responsive laminates removably attached to various surfaces as discussed herein.

[0037] Figure 6 An exemplary cleaning system according to aspects of this disclosure is described.

[0038] Figure 7 A flowchart is depicted of a method for using a cleaning system that includes laminates according to aspects of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0039] This disclosure relates to cleaning, such as sterilizing and disinfecting one or more surfaces of a component using non-contact cleaning. Non-contact cleaning may include exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. In some examples, the cleaning discussed herein may include sterilization. As used herein, "sterilization" is the process of removing bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other living microorganisms from one or more surfaces of a component. The surfaces discussed herein may be part of public or private transportation vehicles (aerospace vehicles, such as airplanes, spacecraft, ships, etc., and non-aerospace vehicles, such as buses, cars, trains, boats, cruise ships), retail or food service establishments, financial institutions, casinos, non-casino gaming environments (e.g., esports), or other places, or other public or semi-public spaces (having surfaces that can be touched by multiple parties, thereby allowing living microorganisms to spread from the surface between or among parties that may or may not touch the surface). In some examples, UV light can be used alone, while in others it can be used in combination with one or more cleaning agents, such as cleaning solvents, to remove contaminants such as dirt and oil, as well as biological components such as viruses, fungi, mold, mildew, and bacteria, making it less likely that the cleaned surface will spread biological contaminants among users of these surfaces and between users.

[0040] In current cleaning processes, photoluminescent elements are used to indicate that rooms and surfaces (such as lavatories on airplanes) have been cleaned. However, current photoluminescent processes are often demonstrated in dimly lit cabins or other areas where all light sources are disabled or otherwise covered, where the photoluminescent strips emit light from absorbed photons. Furthermore, currently used photoluminescent inks can be visible only when illuminated, and not to the naked eye under ambient light. Additionally, some current systems use photoluminescent indicators that can be charged from multiple light sources (such as ambient light) in addition to cleaning sources (such as UV light). Therefore, current photoluminescent indicators may unintentionally provide erroneous readings of cleanliness due to being charged by these light sources.

[0041] Using the systems and methods discussed herein, photochromic pigments are used to indicate to the party responsible for cleaning the surface, as well as to any party that may use the surface, that the surface has been cleaned. Therefore, the systems and methods discussed herein instill confidence that cleaning has been performed and, in some examples, also instill confirmation and auditability. Cleaning may be defined by the party owning or leasing the component, or by a predetermined schedule set forth by local, state, or federal regulations.

[0042] Photochromic pigments can take various forms. As used herein, a “photochromic indicator” is printed text or graphics formed by one or more photochromic pigments. A photochromic indicator is one form in which photochromic pigments are arranged on a surface. Pigments such as photochromic pigments can also be used to form “pigment textures.” As discussed herein, a “pigment texture” refers to a series of features, including a pattern of repeating features embossed or otherwise formed in materials such as fiberglass, polyethylene, textiles, organic or other materials or combinations thereof, such that the features are formed by including a pigment such as a photochromic pigment. Photochromic pigments are configured to change from a first state to a second state in response to the absorption of UV light over a predetermined period of time. The determination of whether a photochromic pigment is in the first or second state can be made by visual inspection under ambient light conditions. As discussed herein, a “first state” of a photochromic pigment means that the photochromic pigment is not visible to the naked eye under ambient light. As discussed herein, a “second state” of a photochromic pigment means that the photochromic pigment is visible to the naked eye under ambient light. When in a visible state, photochromic pigments can be a variety of colors, such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, brown, black, or other colors or combinations of colors.

[0043] As used herein, “ambient light” is light present in a room from natural light (e.g., sunlight) or existing room lighting, contrasting with light used to illuminate a particular aspect or area within the room or another environment. As used herein, “visible to the naked eye” refers to things that can be seen without magnification, including things visible to one or more people wearing prescription glasses. The first and second states of the photochromic pigments discussed herein, and the resulting indicators, can be confirmed by the naked eye and are visible under ambient light, such that the environment including the photochromic indicator does not darken to confirm cleanliness. In other aspects of this disclosure, the change from the first state to the second state can be further confirmed via an application on a mobile device or via tactile changes, for example, if the party wishing to confirm the change has a visual impairment or wishes to create a record of the change using a mobile device. The ability to verify that a surface has been cleaned using the photochromic indicator discussed herein provides assurance to both the party cleaning the surface and the party using the surface.

[0044] A first state of a photochromic pigment, in which the pigment is invisible to the naked eye under ambient light, indicates that the surface containing the pigment may not have been cleaned recently. In contrast, a second state of the photochromic pigment, in which the pigment is visible to the naked eye under ambient light, indicates that the surface containing the pigment has been cleaned. For example, a photochromic pigment can change from a first state, invisible to the naked eye, to a second state, visible to the naked eye under ambient light when it absorbs certain UV light. The photochromic pigment can be a liquid, a solid (e.g., a powder), a colloid (e.g., a slurry), or other form or combination of forms. According to examples, the photochromic pigment can be used as an indicator for liquid or gel containers, paints, or other coatings, and can be applied via various printing methods at the original equipment manufacturer's location or in situ for example, for laminates to be installed in aircraft or other vehicles or environments. As used herein, “in-situ” use of photochromic pigments refers to the application of photochromic pigments to surfaces already installed in aircraft, vehicles, or other environments, such as laminate surfaces, through one or more methods, in contrast to the formation of laminates containing photochromic pigments at an OEM. As used herein, the terms “coating” and “layer” are used interchangeably to refer to various types of materials (e.g., photochromic indicators) applied in one or more layers to one or more surfaces via various application methods. Laminates containing photochromic pigments discussed herein may be referred to as “UV-responsive laminates”, but may also be simply called “laminates.”

[0045] The photochromic pigments discussed herein are disposed on a laminate that is removably attached to components installed in environments including aircraft. As used herein, the laminate can be “removably attached” to one or more components such that separation of the laminate and the component does not damage the component and allows for the subsequent application of a second laminate to the component. In some examples, the component can be cleaned when the laminate is removed before a new laminate is removably attached to the component. Thus, the photochromic pigment is reversible, allowing the surface to be cleaned repeatedly while the component is installed in the environment without replacing the laminate. The ability to repeatedly clean surfaces (e.g., the laminate) without removing the laminate effectively maintains and cleans these environments. As used herein, “reversible” means applying UV light to a photochromic indicator to change it from a first state to a second state. In this example, after a predetermined time period, possibly ranging from approximately 10 minutes to approximately 24 hours, the photochromic indicator changes back from the second state to the first state. In other examples, the predetermined time period can be from approximately 30 minutes to approximately 3 hours. In other examples, the predetermined time period for the first state can be from approximately 2 hours to approximately 6 hours. As used herein, “approximately” means within + / - 5% of the target value, maximum value, or minimum value.

[0046] Example laminate structure

[0047] Figures 1A-1D An example of a laminate according to aspects of this disclosure is depicted. Figure 1A A cross-section of a first laminate 100A having a first layer 102 is shown. The first layer 102 has a thickness 102A and includes a first side 102B and a second side 102C. The second side 102C is configured to be removably attached to a component (not shown), which may be formed of a material including metals, polymers, composite materials, or combinations thereof. The removable attachment of the first laminate 100A to the component may be via a chemical adhesive, a pressure-based adhesive, a heat-activated adhesive, and a thermosetting adhesive, or other adhesives or suitable combinations thereof. In one example, the thickness 102A of the first layer 102 may be from about 0.25 mils (1 mil = 0.0001 inch (in.)) to 10.0 mils. In another example, the thickness 102A of the first layer 102 may be from about 0.50 mils to about 7.0 mils. In yet another example, the thickness 102A of the first layer 102 may be from about 0.75 mils to about 5.0 mils.

[0048] The first side 102B of the first layer 102 of the first laminate 100A includes a plurality of photochromic pigments 104. The plurality of photochromic pigments 104 can take various forms, such as at least the following: Figures 2A-2C As discussed herein, multiple photochromic pigments 104 can be formed on a first side 102B of a first layer 102 via various printing methods, such as screen printing, digital printing, inkjet printing, or another printing process capable of depositing multiple photochromic pigments 104. The first layer 102 can be formed of one or more materials, including polyethylene or glass fiber materials. In one example, the first layer 102 can be formed of a polyvinyl fluoride film (PVF) or a glass fiber reinforced embossed resin. In some examples, the first layer 102 includes two or more types of materials that can be layered vertically along the y-axis, horizontally along the x-axis, or otherwise configured (example coordinate systems are included in...). Figure 1A nearby).

[0049] Figure 1B A second-layer press 100B with a first layer 120 is depicted, the first layer 120 being similar in composition to... Figure 1A The first layer 102 includes a photochromic pigment 104, which can be described as follows: Figures 2A-2C The various structural arrangements discussed in the text. (and...) Figure 1ACompared to the first laminate 100A, the second laminate 100B includes a first side and a second side 120C, and an adhesive layer 106 formed on the second side 102C. The adhesive layer 106 may include a chemical adhesive, a pressure-activated adhesive, a thermoplastic adhesive, a heat-activated adhesive, or a combination thereof. The adhesive layer 106 is configured to removably attach the second laminate 100B to a component (not shown). In some examples, an adhesive may also be deposited on the component, such that the adhesive on the component is selected to bond to the adhesive layer 106. In one example, the adhesive layer 106 is formed over the entire surface area of ​​the second side 120C of the first layer 120 (hereinafter referred to as...). Figure 2A (Discussed in the text). In another example, adhesive layer 106 is formed on one or more portions of the second side 120C, which are smaller than the entire surface area of ​​the second side 120C. For example, the construction of the second laminate 100B can be used when forming a laminate roll at an OEM. In this example, the second laminate 100B can be cut to form a portion of the second laminate 100B, thereby attaching that portion to the component. Any connection of a laminate or a portion of a laminate discussed herein may be referred to herein as “mounting”. In another example, the roll of the second laminate 100B may include multiple perforations defining multiple preformed laminates. The multiple preformed laminates may include the same shape and size, or may vary in shape, size, or both within a single roll.

[0050] The second laminate 100B has a thickness 114. In one example, the thickness 114 of the second laminate 100B can be from about 0.25 mils (1 mil = 0.0001 inch (in.)) to 10.0 mils. In another example, the thickness 114 of the second laminate 100B can be from about 0.50 mils to about 7.0 mils. In yet another example, the thickness 114 of the second laminate 100B can be from about 0.75 mils to about 5.0 mils. The first layer 120 can have a thickness 120A, which in one example can be from about 1% to about 50% of the thickness 114 of the second laminate 100B. The first layer 120 can have a thickness 120A, which in another example can be from about 3% to about 30% of the thickness 114 of the second laminate 100B. In yet another example, the first layer 120 may have a thickness 120A, which may be about 5% to about 10% of the thickness 114 of the second layer 100B.

[0051] Figure 1C A third laminate 100C is depicted, having a first layer 120 and an adhesive layer 106 formed on a second side 120C of the first layer 120, similar to the one described above. Figure 1B The layers discussed in [the text]. With Figure 1BIn contrast, the third laminate includes a backing layer 108 formed on the adhesive layer 106. The backing layer 108 may include organic materials (paper), textiles (woven materials), or other materials. The backing layer 108 is configured to be removed from the adhesive layer 106 before the third laminate 100C is removably attached to a component (not shown). For example, the construction of the third laminate 100C can be used when forming a laminate roll at an OEM. In this example, the roll may include multiple perforations (not shown herein) defining multiple preformed laminates. The multiple preformed laminates may include the same shape and size, or may vary in shape, size, or both within a single roll. In other examples, the construction of the third laminate 100C may be one or more unattached pieces that can have various shapes and are configured to attach to components of aircraft, ships (including cruise ships), other means of transportation, or other components located in a retail or restaurant environment.

[0052] The third laminator 100C has a thickness of 116. In one example, the thickness 116 of the third laminator 100C can be from about 0.25 mils (1 mil = 0.0001 inches) to 10.0 mils. In another example, the thickness 116 of the third laminator 100C can be from about 0.50 mils to about 7.0 mils. In yet another example, the thickness 116 of the third laminator 100C can be from about 0.75 mils to about 5.0 mils. The first layer 120 can have a thickness 120A, which in one example can be from about 1% to about 50% of the thickness 116 of the third laminator 100C. The first layer 120 can have a thickness 120A, which in another example can be from about 3% to about 30% of the thickness 116 of the third laminator 100C. In yet another example, the first layer 120 may have a thickness 120A, which may be about 5% to about 10% of the thickness 116 of the third layer 100C.

[0053] Figure 1D A fourth laminate 100D is depicted. The fourth laminate 100D includes a protective layer 110 formed on a first side 112B of a first layer 112, which may also be referred to as a photochromic pigment layer. In some examples, the protective layer 110 may be formed of a polyethylene material or a glass fiber material. In one example, the protective layer 110 may be formed of a polyvinyl fluoride film (PVF) or a glass fiber reinforced embossed resin. The protective layer 110 may have a thickness 110A. In one example, the thickness 110A may be from about 0.25 mils to about 10 mils. In another example, the thickness 110A of the protective layer 110 may be from about 5% to about 33% of the thickness 118 of the fourth laminate 100D. Figure 1A The first layer 102 discussed in the article and Figures 1B-1CCompared to the first layer 120 discussed herein, the protective layer 110 of the fourth lamination 100D does not include photochromic pigments. Instead, the protective layer 110 is a protective layer formed over the first layer 112, which includes the photochromic pigment 104. Similar to the third lamination 100C, the fourth lamination 100D includes an adhesive layer 106 formed on the second side 112C of the first layer 112, and a backing layer 108 connected to the adhesive layer 106.

[0054] The fourth laminate 100D has a thickness 118. In one example, the thickness 118 of the fourth laminate 100D can be from about 0.25 mils to about 10.0 mils. In another example, the thickness 118 of the fourth laminate 100D can be from about 0.50 mils to about 7.0 mils. In yet another example, the thickness 118 of the fourth laminate 100D can be from about 0.75 mils to about 5.0 mils. The protective layer 110 can have a thickness 110A, which in one example can be from about 1% to about 50% of the thickness 118 of the fourth laminate 100D. The protective layer 110 can have a thickness 110A, which in another example can be from about 3% to about 30% of the thickness 118 of the fourth laminate 100D. In yet another example, the protective layer 110 can have a thickness 110A, which can be from about 5% to about 10% of the thickness 118 of the fourth laminate 100D. The first layer 112 has a thickness 112A. In one aspect, the thickness 112A of the first layer 112 may be from about 1% to about 50% of the thickness 118 of the fourth lamination 100D. In another aspect, the thickness 112A of the first layer 112 may be from about 3% to about 30% of the thickness 118 of the fourth lamination 100D. In yet another aspect, the thickness 112A of the first layer 112 may be from about 5% to about 10% of the thickness 118 of the fourth lamination 100D. In one example, the thickness 110A is less than the thickness 112A. In one aspect, the ratio of thickness 110A to thickness 112A may be from about 1:1 to about 1:10. In another aspect, the ratio of thickness 110A to thickness 112A may be from about 1:2 to about 1:8. In yet another aspect, the ratio of thickness 110A to thickness 112A may be from about 1:3 to about 1:6.

[0055] The laminates discussed herein, including those discussed above and below, include one or more layers made of non-combustible materials. As discussed herein, a “non-combustible” material is one that can melt or otherwise degrade in response to heat and / or flame but does not ignite or release toxic fumes. The materials used to form the laminates discussed herein may be selected according to state, local, or federal regulations applicable to the installation environment of the laminate (e.g., aircraft, food service, cruise ships / vehicles, military vehicles, automobiles, trains, etc.).

[0056] Figures 2A-2C Examples of laminates including photochromic pigments according to aspects of this disclosure are depicted. Figures 2A-2E The laminates shown can be formed from various materials in various ways, such as in Figures 1A-1D The material discussed above.

[0057] Figure 2A A first laminate 200A is depicted having a pigment texture 202 formed by photochromic pigments. The pigment texture may include pigments of one or more colors (including, but not limited to, photochromic pigments), which may be arranged in various patterns and configurations. In one example, the first pigment included in the pigment texture may include both photochromic and non-photochromic pigments, such that the non-photochromic pigment is visible to the naked eye under ambient light, and the photochromic pigment in a first state is invisible to the naked eye under ambient light, while the photochromic pigment in a second state after exposure to UV light is visible to the naked eye under ambient light. In this example, the photochromic pigment recovers from the second state to the first state after a predetermined recovery time. As discussed herein, "recovery time" is the time required for the photochromic pigment to change from the second state (visible to the naked eye under ambient light) back to the first state (invisible to the naked eye under ambient light). According to the example, the recovery time of the photochromic pigment can be from about 2 minutes to about 6 hours or longer. In one example, a pigment gradient comprising two or more colors of pigment can be used to create a pigment texture. In one example, the gradient includes photochromic and non-photochromic pigments, as discussed above. In another example, the pigment gradient may include two or more different colors of photochromic pigment, each with a different predetermined recovery time.

[0058] The first laminate 200A has a polygonal shape defined by a first side 204A, a second side 206A, a third side 208A, and a fourth side 210A. The first side 204A, second side 206A, third side 208A, and fourth side 210A define surface areas of the first laminate 200A. In other examples, the first laminate 200A may take on other shapes or combinations of shapes suitable for installation in various environments with different geometries. In one example, a pigment texture 202 may extend through a portion of the first laminate 200A that is smaller than the entire surface area of ​​the first laminate 200A. In other examples, the pigment texture 202 may be formed on a portion of the surface area of ​​the first laminate 200A that is smaller than its entire surface area. The first laminate 200A also includes a plurality of perforations 226, which may be used to divide the first laminate 200A into portions that can be applied to one or more parts or one or more regions of the same part.

[0059] Figure 2BA second laminate 200B is depicted with at least one deposit of photochromic pigment and does not include pigment texture. The second laminate 200B has a polygonal shape defined by a first side 204B, a second side 206B, a third side 208B, and a fourth side 210B. The first side 204B, second side 206B, third side 208B, and fourth side 210B define surface areas of the second laminate 200B. In other examples, the second laminate 200B may adopt other shapes or combinations of shapes to suit installation in various environments with different geometries. In examples of the second laminate 200B, at least one deposit of photochromic pigment may include a graphic indicator 212 or a text indicator 214. Figure 2B In the example, a single graphic indicator 212, a single text indicator 214, or a combination of both can be formed on the entire surface area of ​​the second laminate 200B. This is consistent with... Figures 2C-2E The partial views of the laminate in the image create a contrast, and the laminate may include various ordered or random arrangements of photochromic indicators.

[0060] With the entire laminate shown Figure 2A and Figure 2B compared to, Figures 2C-2E Each depicts a partial top view of a laminate according to various aspects of this disclosure. Figure 2C A third laminate 200C is depicted comprising a plurality of randomly arranged graphic indicators 212. A “random array” can refer to a different distance 216A, 216B, 216C between each pair of adjacent graphic indicators 212. In some examples, Figure 2C The plurality of graphic indicators 212 shown are the only photochromic indicators on the third laminate 200C. In other examples, a plurality of other graphic indicators 212 with non-uniform spacing (compared to the ordered array discussed below) may be included in the third laminate 200C. In other examples that may be combined with the various examples herein, the third laminate 200C may include one or more text indicators 214, which may be arranged in various patterns.

[0061] Figure 2D A fourth laminate 200D is depicted, comprising an ordered array 218 of photochromic indicators (shown herein as graphic indicators 212). In other examples, text indicators may also be formed as an ordered array. As discussed herein, an "ordered array" comprises multiple photochromic pigment deposits, either graphic, text, or a combination thereof, wherein each photochromic pigment deposit is equidistantly positioned from each adjacent deposit. The ordered arrays discussed herein may extend over the entire surface area of ​​the laminate or over a portion of the surface area of ​​the laminate that is less than the entire surface area. Figure 2DIn the example, the fourth laminate 200D includes an ordered array 218 of graphic indicators 212, each graphic indicator being equidistant from one or more adjacent graphic indicators 212 by a distance 220A. As discussed above, the graphic indicators 212 can take various shapes, including serving as brand identifiers. In other examples, the ordered array 218 may include text indicators or a combination of graphic and text indicators. While graphic indicators 212 with the same shape and size are shown herein, in other examples, the ordered array 218 may be formed using graphic indicators of various sizes and / or shapes.

[0062] Figure 2E Depicting the combination Figure 2A The pigment texture 202 shown can be similar to Figure 2D The fifth laminate 200E of the ordered array 222 of the ordered array 218 shown herein. Figure 2D As discussed in the ordered array 218, the fifth laminate 200E includes graphic indicators 212 in the ordered array 222, each graphic indicator being equidistant from one or more adjacent graphic indicators 212 by a spacing 224A. As discussed above, the graphic indicators 212 can take various shapes, including serving as brand identifiers. In other examples, the ordered array 222 may include text indicators or a combination of graphic and text indicators. While graphic indicators 212 with the same shape and size are shown herein, in other examples, graphic indicators with different sizes and / or shapes may be used to form the ordered array 222.

[0063] Exemplary environment including UV-responsive laminates

[0064] Figure 3An exemplary cabin interior 316 of an aircraft 300 is depicted, which may include one or more UV-responsive laminates (“laminates”) according to aspects of this disclosure. The cabin interior 316 may include structural components that cover one or more examples of laminates disclosed herein, such as laminate 304. The structural components include cabin interior sidewalls 306 and panels 308. The structural components are shown herein as having laminates connected thereto, and may also include floor panels 310, storage compartments 312, and window elements 314 (e.g., window shading, window rails, blackout curtains, etc.). Furthermore, in this example, elements of seat 302 may include laminates (e.g., seat console, seat interior, seat panel, seat back, seat shell, tray table, etc.). Other structural components of the aircraft that may have UV-responsive laminates removably attached to them, not shown here, include: insulation barriers, moisture barriers, composite noise panels, lavatory and galley panels and structures, bulkheads, partitions, ceilings, door linings, entrance passages, and cargo box linings. Figure 3 The laminate in the example is shown to have a photochromic pigment in a first state, wherein the photochromic pigment is invisible to the naked eye under ambient light.

[0065] Figure 4 An exemplary service vehicle 400 is described, which can be used in an aircraft and may include one or more laminates containing photochromic pigments according to aspects of this disclosure. The service vehicle 400 may include laminates, shown herein as detachably connected to a plurality of side panels 404 and a plurality of front panels 410. It should be understood that there are a second plurality of side panels located on the other side of the service vehicle 400, which is connected to... Figure 4The sides shown are parallel and opposite, each having multiple side panels 404, and the other side also includes a side panel with a laminate attached thereto. The service cart 400 also includes one or more trays 406 that can slidably engage with the service cart 400, allowing the trays 406 to be pulled out of the service cart 400 to serve as a service surface; in some examples, the trays 406 are not completely detached from the service cart 400. In this example, the one or more trays 406 may have a laminate removably attached thereto, as discussed herein, containing photochromic pigments. Multiple front panels 410 with removably attached laminates including photochromic pigments may include panels associated with drawers, boxes, or other storage devices. The service cart 400 may also include a frame 402 and a handle 408, the frame 402 being formed of aluminum or other materials, and the handle 408 being configured to position the service cart 400 and / or to provide access to compartments of the service cart 400. In some examples, frame 402 has a laminate removably attached thereto, the laminate comprising photochromic pigments. Service vehicle 400 further includes a plurality of movable elements 412 configured to transport service vehicle 400 to and from different locations on the aircraft and to leave the aircraft (e.g., for maintenance of service vehicle 400). In one example, movable element 412 includes wheels. Service vehicle 400 also includes a top surface 414, which may have laminate attached thereto.

[0066] Figure 4 The UV-responsive laminates discussed herein may include one or more photochromic pigments in the form of pigment textures. In other examples, the laminates may include photochromic indicators such as “UV Clean,” brand identifiers associated with airlines, aircraft manufacturers, food service providers, other advertisers (shown herein as “123”), or combinations thereof. Service cart 400 is an exemplary service cart; in other examples, service carts may include drawers, shelves, refrigeration / heating devices, or materials of various geometries, sizes, and constructions. For illustrative purposes, Figure 4 The laminates removably connected to the plurality of side panels 404 and the plurality of front panels 410 are shown in a second state, indicating that the service vehicle 400 has been cleaned, making the photochromic pigments visible to the naked eye under ambient light.

[0067] Figure 5An exemplary kitchen 500 is depicted, which may include UV-responsive laminates removably attached to various surfaces as discussed herein. Kitchen 500 may be included in aircraft, ships, buses, trains, restaurants, food kiosks, or other locations where food preparation may take place. Kitchen 500 may have laminates attached to storage cabinets 502C, 502D, 502E, and 502F for food or serving / cooking utensils that are not easily perishable, one or more trash cans or recycling bins 502B, and / or one or more drawers 512. Kitchen 500 may also include UV-responsive laminates connected to refrigeration equipment 502A and heating equipment 504A, 504B, as well as a service surface 510. The laminates may also be removably attached to structural elements and surfaces such as top surfaces 506A, 506B and sides 508A, 508B, 508C.

[0068] Figure 5 The UV-responsive laminates discussed herein may include photochromic pigments in the form of one or more pigment textures. In other examples, the laminates may include photochromic indicators such as “UV Clean,” brand identifiers of airlines, aircraft manufacturers, food service providers, other advertisers, or combinations thereof. Kitchen 500 is an exemplary service cart; in other examples, the service cart may include storage devices (drawers, cabinets, etc.) of varying constructions, heating and cooling devices, service surfaces and devices, or structural elements and surfaces. Kitchen 500 may be cleaned between flights when passengers are not on board. In other examples, Kitchen 500 may be cleaned wholly or partially during flight when the cabin includes passengers. Cleaning of Kitchen 500 can be visually confirmed under ambient light using photochromic pigments included in the laminates discussed above. One or more aspects of Kitchen 500 may be cleaned during flight, for example, before or after snack or meal service, or if touched by crew or passengers. For illustrative purposes, Figure 5 The laminate is shown in the first state, in which the photochromic pigment is invisible to the naked eye.

[0069] Exemplary cleaning system

[0070] Figure 6An exemplary cleaning system 600 according to aspects of this disclosure is depicted. The cleaning system 600 includes a UV light source 602, which may include or be configured to be connected to a power source 604. The UV light source 602 may be configured as a stand-alone wireless device, which includes the power source 604, which may be a rechargeable battery. As discussed in detail below, the UV light source 602 may be configured to emit wavelengths from about 100 nanometers (nm) to about 400 nm. Furthermore, the wavelength may be from about 200 nm to about 360 nm. In another example, the predetermined wavelength range is from about 200 nm to about 230 nm. In yet another example, the predetermined wavelength range is from about 235 nm to about 280 nm. In yet another example, the predetermined wavelength range is from about 315 nm to about 400 nm. Additionally, in some examples, the UV light source may be configured to emit wavelengths from about 222 nm to about 254 nm. In some examples, the UV light source 602 may have an elongated geometry referred to as a "bar," a circular geometry, a polygonal geometry, or a combination of two or more geometries. The UV light discussed herein can be a combination of UVA, UVB, UVC, or other UV light types. UV light source 602 may include multiple LEDs. In other examples, UV light source 602 may be configured as a wired device that may or may not be connected to power supply 604 during use. In still other examples, UV light source 602 may be configured as a self-driven or manually driven device or collection of devices that may be connected to the ceiling and / or floor of the area to be cleaned. In other examples, UV light source 602 may be included in a mechanically driven or manually driven cleaning device that may or may not include power supply 604. In one example, UV light source 602 is included in a device that can be programmed to move along a predetermined path to clean multiple surfaces.

[0071] The UV light source 602 can be configured to operate within a certain wavelength or range, causing one or more photochromic pigments 610A, including those in or formed on the laminate 610, to change from a first state to a second state in response to the absorption of energy from the UV light source 602. According to examples, the one or more photochromic pigments 610A can be reversible, as discussed above. In some examples, the laminate 610 can be configured with photochromic pigments 610A, for example, such as... Figures 1A-1D , Figures 2A-2CAs shown in combination thereof. Therefore, the photochromic pigment 610A can be formed as a pigment texture or one or more photochromic indicators. In one example, the photochromic pigment 610A can be configured to include two or more types (colors) of photochromic pigments or two or more concentrations of the same type (color) of photochromic pigment, such that when the photochromic pigment 610A changes from a second state back to a first state, the laminate 610 has a color gradient that forms over time in one or more directions. In one example, the color gradient can be configured to indicate to a cleaner or cleaning system sensor when the photochromic pigment 610A changes from a first state to a second state.

[0072] The photochromic pigment 610A and the laminate 610 may each be formed of one or more materials configured for use and approved for use in one or more of the following (e.g., by one or more government authorities and / or by the OEM's or customer's internal regulations): aircraft, automobiles, hospitals, restaurants, retail locations, hotels / resorts, or other locations discussed herein. In some locations, each of the photochromic pigment 610A and the laminate 610 will therefore be formed of one or more materials configured to resist moisture, fire, a wide pH range, heat, cold, or other conditions without separating or detaching from the associated components. In some examples, each of the photochromic pigment 610A and the laminate 610 is formed of a material selected to prevent the release of toxic fumes during a fire.

[0073] In some examples, as discussed herein, laminate 610 includes photochromic pigment 610A prior to installation in, for example, an aircraft. In other examples, photochromic pigment 610A is added in situ to laminate 610 after installation. In this example, in-situ printing apparatus 614 can be used to arrange photochromic pigment 610A onto laminate 610 without unloading laminate 610. That is, photochromic pigment 610A can be applied in situ to laminate 610 in the environment where laminate 610 is installed. In other examples, laminate 610 may include photochromic pigment 610A from OEM processes or subsequent in-situ processes using in-situ printing apparatus 614, but additional photochromic pigment 610A may be added after installation.

[0074] In some examples, the cleaning system 600 includes a server computer 606 having multiple logical, non-transitory memories configured to store cleaning procedures, cleaning schedules, and cleaning records. This information, along with other information, may be stored on one or more data stores 608, which may be part of a cloud computing system. A UV light source 602 and a power supply 604 may communicate with and / or be controlled by the server computer 606. In some examples, a mobile device 612, such as a telephone, tablet, personal data assistant, laptop computer, or wearable smart device, may include an application configured to determine when the photochromic pigment 610A is in a first or second state. In other examples, the mobile device 612 may communicate with and control the UV light source 602 and the power supply 604. The cleaning system 600 can be used to clean laminates according to the various methods discussed herein.

[0075] Exemplary Cleaning System Usage Method

[0076] Figure 7 A flowchart depicts a method 700 for cleaning a laminate according to an aspect of this disclosure using a cleaning system. In operation 702, a laminate comprising photochromic pigments is manufactured (702 - Manufacturing a laminate comprising photochromic pigments). In one example, operation 702 includes arranging a plurality of photochromic pigments on the laminate at operation 706 (706 - Arranging a plurality of photochromic pigments on the laminate). In one example, operation 706 can be performed on a laminate that has not yet been installed. In another example, prior to operation 706, in an optional operation 704 (704 - Removably attaching the laminate to the component), the laminate is installed, i.e., the laminate is removably attached to the component.

[0077] According to the example, the laminate installed in operation 704 may or may not include photochromic pigments. The photochromic pigments arranged in operation 706 may be arranged on the laminate as pigment textures, one or more photochromic indicators, or a combination thereof. The photochromic pigments may be arranged in a first state at operation 706, wherein they are not visible to the naked eye under ambient light. In other examples, the photochromic pigments may be arranged in a second state at operation 706, for example, by arranging the photochromic pigments under UV light, wherein they are visible to the naked eye under ambient light. This can be done, for example, to ensure the placement and formation of the pigment textures and / or photochromic indicators. In this example, as discussed below, the photochromic pigments may be restored from the second state to the first state prior to installation. In operation 706, the photochromic pigments may be arranged as a single photochromic indicator, an ordered array of photochromic indicators, or in other forms or patterns. The photochromic pigments arranged in operation 706 may be configured to change from the first state to the second state in response to exposure to UV light. The first state of the photochromic pigment is invisible to the naked eye under ambient light, while the second state is visible to the naked eye under ambient light. As discussed herein, the surface on which the photochromic pigment is disposed, whether in situ after operation 704 or at the OEM before installation, can be formed of polyethylene material. In other examples, the surface on which the photochromic pigment is disposed can be formed of other optional materials, for example, to meet OEM, customer, government, or other rules or regulations related to durability, safety (e.g., flammability), or other aspects of the environment in which the laminate is installed. Components removably attached to the laminate can be formed of materials such as polymers, metals, composites, organic materials, and combinations thereof.

[0078] In optional operation 708, if no laminator was previously installed in operation 704, the laminator including the photochromic pigment is removably connected to the component (already installed) (708 - removably connecting the laminator including the photochromic pigment to the component). In operation 710, the laminator having the photochromic pigment configured in a first state is exposed to UV light (710 - exposing the photochromic pigment in the first state to UV light).

[0079] In one example, the UV light source is configured to emit UV light with a wavelength range of about 200 nanometers (nm) to about 360 nm at operation 710. In another example, the UV light source is configured to emit UV light with a wavelength range of about 220 nanometers (nm) to about 300 nm at operation 710. In yet another example, the UV light source is configured to emit UV light with a wavelength range of about 222 nm to about 254 nm at operation 710.

[0080] In operation 712, in response to exposure of the photochromic pigment in operation 710, the photochromic pigment changes to a second state, making it visible to the naked eye under ambient light (712 - photochromic pigment changes to second state). The change from the first to the second state of the photochromic pigment in operation 712 can occur instantaneously, i.e., upon exposure to UV light, the change to the second state is visible to the naked eye under ambient light at operation 712 in less than approximately 0.5 seconds. In other examples, the change from the first to the second state in operation 712 can occur over a time period of approximately 0.1 seconds to approximately 10 seconds. In still other examples, the change from the first to the second state in operation 712 can occur over a time period of approximately 0.3 seconds to approximately 7 seconds. In still other examples, the change from the first to the second state in operation 712 can occur over a time period of approximately 0.5 seconds to approximately 5 seconds.

[0081] Subsequently, after a predetermined time period, in operation 714, the photochromic pigment changes back (restores) from the second state to the first state, indicating that the laminate containing the photochromic pigment is clean (714 - photochromic pigment returns to the first state). In one example, the photochromic pigment may remain in the second state after operation 712 but before operation 714, visible to the naked eye under ambient light, for a predetermined time period of approximately 5 seconds to approximately 60 minutes. In another example, the photochromic pigment may remain in the second state after operation 712 but before operation 714, visible to the naked eye under ambient light, for a predetermined time period of approximately 5 seconds to approximately 180 minutes. In yet another example, the photochromic pigment may remain in the second state after operation 712 but before operation 714, visible to the naked eye under ambient light, for a predetermined time period of approximately 30 seconds to approximately 60 minutes. In yet another example, the photochromic pigment may remain in the second state after operation 712 but before operation 714, visible to the naked eye under ambient light, for a predetermined time period of approximately 60 seconds to approximately 15 minutes.

[0082] In some examples, after operation 714, method 700 returns to operation 710 and repeats it one or more times, such that the laminate containing the photochromic pigment is repeatedly cleaned without being removed or refurbished. In some examples, if the photochromic pigment included in the laminate has decomposed or no longer changes to the second state in operation 712 in response to UV light exposure in operation 710, then in operation 716, the laminate can be removed (unloaded) from the component and can be disposed of, refurbished, or recycled (716 - removal and disposal or refurbishment / recycling of the laminate). In other examples, if the photochromic pigment included in the laminate has decomposed or no longer changes to the second state in operation 712 in response to UV light exposure in operation 710, then method 700 can return to operation 706, where additional photochromic pigments can be arranged on the laminate in situ after operation 714 or after removal after operation 716. For example, if a different type of photochromic pigment is required on the laminate (e.g., a new brand identifier or other text or symbols), the photochromic pigment can also be processed in situ in operation 706. In some examples, after the laminate is removed in operation 716, method 700 proceeds to operation 708 (or operation 704) and removably attaches the new, different laminate to the part.

[0083] Using the systems and methods discussed herein, a variety of surfaces to which UV-responsive laminates are attached can be verifiably cleaned by the transition of photochromic pigments included in the laminate from a first state to a second state. This visual confirmation leads to a more efficient cleaning process and improves safety for both the party cleaning the surface and the party using the laminate installation environment. The photochromic pigments can be customized to include a variety of colors or color combinations, including gradients and brand identifiers. The UV-responsive laminate can have the photochromic pigments included at the OEM stage when the laminate is formed. The laminate can also have photochromic pigments disposed thereon or reapplied in situ after it has been removably attached to the surface of the component. UV-responsive laminates can be configured to be detachably attached to a variety of surfaces formed from various materials and located in various types of environments, providing a reliable method for safely cleaning a wide range of environments, from aircraft and other transport vehicles to retail, gaming, and food service establishments.

[0084] Reference has been made to various aspects in the present disclosure. However, it should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the aspects specifically described. Rather, any combination of the features and elements foregoing, whether or not related to different aspects, is contemplated for the implementation and practice of the teachings provided herein. Furthermore, when elements of an aspect are described in the form of “at least one of A and B,” it will be understood that aspects including only element A, aspects including only element B, and aspects including both elements A and B are all contemplated. Moreover, while some aspects may achieve advantages over other possible solutions and / or prior art, whether a particular advantage is achieved by a given aspect does not limit this disclosure. Therefore, the aspects, features, aspects, and advantages disclosed herein are merely illustrative and should not be considered as elements or limitations of the appended claims unless expressly stated in one or more claims. Similarly, references to “the invention” should not be construed as a generalization of any inventive subject matter disclosed herein and should not be considered as elements or limitations of the appended claims unless expressly stated in the claims.

[0085] As those skilled in the art will understand, the aspects described herein can be embodied as a system, method, or computer program product. Therefore, aspects can take the form of a purely hardware aspect, a purely software aspect (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or an aspect combining software and hardware aspects, which are collectively referred to herein as a “circuit,” a “module,” or a “system.” Furthermore, the aspects described herein can take the form of a computer program product contained in one or more computer-readable storage media having computer-readable program code contained thereon.

[0086] Program code contained on a computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, fiber optic cable, RF, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0087] Computer program code used to perform the operations of aspects of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, etc., and traditional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter case, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet provided by an Internet service provider).

[0088] This document describes aspects of the present disclosure with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to aspects of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for performing the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams.

[0089] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable medium that can instruct a computer, other programmable data processing device or other apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable medium produce an article of writing which includes instructions that perform functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of flowcharts and / or block diagrams.

[0090] Computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other device, thereby producing a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus or other device, provide a process for performing the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of a flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0091] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various aspects of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowcharts or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or code portion, which includes one or more executable instructions for performing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions mentioned in the blocks may occur in a non-consecutive order. For example, depending on the function involved, two blocks shown consecutively may actually be executed substantially simultaneously, or these blocks may sometimes be executed in reverse order or out of order. It will also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, may be executed by a system based on dedicated hardware or a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions that performs the specified function or behavior.

[0092] Examples of the present invention may be further defined in the following embodiments:

[0093] 1. A laminate, comprising:

[0094] The first layers 102, 112, and 120 have a photochromic pigment 104 configured to change from a first state to a second state in response to exposure to an ultraviolet (UV) light source, wherein the first state is invisible to the naked eye under ambient light and the second state is visible to the naked eye under ambient light; and

[0095] Adhesive layer 106 is a connecting layer configured to removably connect the laminate to the component.

[0096] 2. The laminate of Example 1, wherein the first layers 102, 112, and 120 are formed of polyethylene or glass fiber material.

[0097] 3. The laminate of Example 1 or 2, wherein the first layer 102, 112, 120 is formed of a material that is at least 30% UV transparent within a predetermined wavelength range.

[0098] 4. The laminate of Example 3, wherein the predetermined wavelength is from about 200 nanometers (nm) to about 360 nm.

[0099] 5. The laminate of Example 3, wherein the predetermined wavelength is about 222 nm to about 254 nm.

[0100] 6. A laminate of any one of Examples 1 to 5, wherein the first layer 102, 112, 120 comprises a non-combustible material.

[0101] 7. The laminate of any one of embodiments 1 to 6 further includes a plurality of edges 204A, 206A, 208A, 210A defining a surface region of the laminate.

[0102] 8. The laminate of Example 7, wherein the first layer 102, 112, 120 includes a plurality of indicators 212, 214 formed of photochromic pigment 104, the plurality of indicators 212, 214 being formed over a surface area smaller than the entire surface area.

[0103] 9. The laminate of embodiment 7, wherein the first layer 102, 112, 120 includes a plurality of indicators 212, 214 formed of photochromic pigment 104, the plurality of indicators 212, 214 being formed across the entire surface area.

[0104] 10. A laminate of any one of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein the first layer 102, 112, 120 includes a plurality of indicators 212, 214, the indicators 212, 214 having at least one of a first color, a first material, or a first pattern, the first color, the first material, or the first pattern being different from at least one of a second color, a second material, or a second pattern of the first layer.

[0105] 11. The laminate of any one of embodiments 1 to 10 further includes a laminate configured as a plurality of portions, each portion of the plurality of portions being spaced apart from adjacent portions of the plurality of portions by a series of perforations 226.

[0106] 12. A laminate of any one of embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the first layer 102, 112, 120 includes a plurality of indicators 212 formed by photochromic pigment 104, the plurality of indicators 212 being formed in an ordered array 218, 222.

[0107] 13. A laminate of any one of embodiments 1 to 12, wherein the first layer 102, 112, 120 further includes a pigment texture 202, the pigment texture comprising an embossed pattern, and a photochromic pigment 104 disposed in the embossed pattern.

[0108] 14. A laminate of any one of Examples 1 to 13, wherein the adhesive layer 106 is formed of polyethylene material or glass fiber material.

[0109] 15. A laminate of any one of Examples 1 to 14, wherein the adhesive layer 106 comprises an adhesive.

[0110] 16. The laminate of any one of Examples 1 to 15 further includes a backing layer 108 removably attached to the adhesive layer 106.

[0111] 17. A laminate of any one of Examples 1 to 16, wherein the adhesive layer 106 does not include an adhesive.

[0112] 18. A laminate of any one of Embodiments 1 to 17, wherein the photochromic pigment 104 includes a first pigment and a second pigment, the first pigment being configured to change from a second state back to a first state after a first predetermined time period, and the second pigment being configured to change from a second state back to a first state after a second predetermined time period, wherein the first predetermined time period is shorter than the second predetermined time period.

[0113] 19. A laminate of any one of Examples 1 to 18, wherein the first layer 120 is the outermost layer of the laminate.

[0114] 20. The laminate of any one of Examples 1 to 19 further includes a protective layer 110 formed on top of a first layer 112 having photochromic pigment 104, the protective layer 110 being the outermost layer of the laminate.

[0115] 21. A method for forming a UV-responsive laminate, comprising:

[0116] A photochromic pigment is arranged on a laminate, the photochromic pigment being configured to change from a first state to a second state in response to exposure to UV light, the first state being invisible to the naked eye under ambient light and the second state being visible to the naked eye under ambient light, the laminate being formed of polyethylene material.

[0117] 22. The method of Example 21 further includes removably attaching the laminate to the component before disposing of the photochromic pigment, wherein the placement of the photochromic pigment is performed in situ.

[0118] 23. The method of Example 22, wherein the component is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of polymers, metals, composite materials, organic materials, and combinations thereof.

[0119] 24. The method of any one of Examples 21 to 23 further includes arranging photochromic pigments to form an ordered array of photochromic indicators.

[0120] 25. A cleaning method, comprising:

[0121] (a) Exposing the laminate to an ultraviolet (UV) light source, the laminate being removably connected to the component and including a photochromic pigment configured in a first state that is invisible to the naked eye under ambient light;

[0122] (b) A photochromic pigment changes from a first state to a second state in response to the absorption of UV light from a UV light source. The second state is visible to the naked eye under ambient light and indicates that the laminate is clean; and

[0123] (c) The photochromic pigment is restored from the second state to the first state after a predetermined time period.

[0124] 26. The method of Example 25 further includes (d) after (c) exposing the laminate to a UV light source to change the photochromic pigment from a first state to a second state.

[0125] 27. The method of Example 25 or 26, wherein the UV light source is configured to emit UV light with a wavelength range of about 200 nanometers (nm) to about 360 nm.

[0126] 28. The method of any one of Examples 25 to 27, wherein the UV light source is configured to emit UV light with a wavelength range of about 222 nm to about 254 nm.

[0127] While the foregoing is directed to aspects of this disclosure, other and further aspects of this disclosure may be designed without departing from its essential scope, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A laminate, comprising: The first layer has a photochromic pigment (104) configured to change from a first state to a second state in response to exposure to a UV light source, wherein the first state is invisible to the naked eye under ambient light and the second state is visible to the naked eye under ambient light. as well as An adhesive layer (106) is a connecting layer configured to removably connect the laminate to the component; The photochromic pigment (104) comprises a first pigment and a second pigment. The first pigment is configured to change back from the second state to the first state after a first predetermined time period, and the second pigment is configured to change back from the second state to the first state after a second predetermined time period. The first predetermined time period is shorter than the second predetermined time period. The first layer includes a combination of multiple indicators (212, 214) and pigment texture (202). The plurality of indicators (212, 214) are formed by the photochromic pigment (104), and the plurality of indicators (212) are formed in an ordered array (218, 222). The pigment texture (202) includes an embossed pattern, in which the photochromic pigment (104) is arranged.

2. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the first layer is formed of: a) a polyethylene material or a glass fiber material or b) a material that is at least 30% UV transparent within a predetermined wavelength.

3. The laminate according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined wavelength is from 200 nm to 360 nm.

4. The laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first layer comprises a non-combustible material.

5. The laminate of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of edges (204A, 206A, 208A, 210A) defining a surface region of the laminate.

6. The laminate according to claim 5, wherein the first layer comprises a plurality of indicators (212, 214) formed of the photochromic pigment (104), the plurality of indicators (212, 214) being formed over a surface area smaller than the entire surface area.

7. The laminate of claim 5, wherein the plurality of indicators (212, 214) are formed over the entire surface area.

8. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the first layer includes a plurality of indicators (212, 214), the indicators (212, 214) having at least one of a first color, a first material or a first pattern, the first color, the first material or the first pattern being different from at least one of a second color, a second material or a second pattern of the first layer.

9. The laminate of claim 1, further comprising the laminate configured as a plurality of portions, each portion of the plurality of portions being spaced apart from adjacent portions of the plurality of portions by a series of perforations (226).

10. A method for forming a UV-responsive laminate, comprising: A photochromic pigment is disposed on a first layer included in a laminate, the photochromic pigment being configured to change from a first state to a second state in response to exposure to UV light, the first state being invisible to the naked eye under ambient light and the second state being visible to the naked eye under ambient light, the laminate being formed of a polyethylene material. The photochromic pigment includes a first pigment and a second pigment. The first pigment is configured to change back from the second state to the first state after a first predetermined time period, and the second pigment is configured to change back from the second state to the first state after a second predetermined time period. The first predetermined time period is shorter than the second predetermined time period. The first layer includes a combination of multiple indicators (212, 214) and pigment texture (202). The plurality of indicators (212, 214) are formed by the photochromic pigment (104), and the plurality of indicators (212) are formed in an ordered array (218, 222). The pigment texture (202) includes an embossed pattern, in which the photochromic pigment (104) is arranged.

11. A cleaning method, comprising: (a) Exposing a laminate including a first layer to a UV light source, the laminate being removably attached to the component and the first layer including a photochromic pigment configured in a first state that is not visible to the naked eye under ambient light; (b) The photochromic pigment changes from a first state to a second state in response to the absorption of UV light from the UV light source, the second state being visible to the naked eye under ambient light, and the second state indicating that the laminate is clean; and (c) The photochromic pigment recovers from the second state to the first state after a predetermined time period; The photochromic pigment includes a first pigment and a second pigment. The first pigment is configured to change back from the second state to the first state after a first predetermined time period, and the second pigment is configured to change back from the second state to the first state after a second predetermined time period. The first predetermined time period is shorter than the second predetermined time period. The first layer includes a combination of multiple indicators (212, 214) and pigment texture (202). The plurality of indicators (212, 214) are formed by the photochromic pigment (104), and the plurality of indicators (212) are formed in an ordered array (218, 222). The pigment texture (202) includes an embossed pattern, in which the photochromic pigment (104) is arranged.

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