A land planning measuring device based on a drone and a working method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a land planning measuring device based on a UAV, and belongs to the technical field of land planning devices.The land planning measuring device comprises a UAV base, a power rotating seat and a video acquisition and sensing module, the bottom of the UAV base is provided with a frame-shaped frame, the bottom of the frame-shaped frame is provided with a storage unit for storing multiple positioners, the inner side of the frame-shaped frame is provided with a first electric telescopic rod, the bottom of the first electric telescopic rod is provided with an electric control magnetic suction disc, the top of the positioner is provided with a magnetic suction block, the inner side of the storage unit is provided with multiple contraction propulsion units which are telescopic and slide towards the center, the positioner is stored on the contraction propulsion unit, the bottom of the storage unit is provided with a rotating unit, the rotating unit is symmetrically provided with rotating plates, the two sides of the two rotating plates are symmetrically provided with third electric telescopic rods for controlling the opening and closing angle of the rotating plates, the bottom of the rotating plate is provided with an elastic rotating clamping part, the positioner is automatically taken and placed through the above structure, data acquisition is performed by the UAV, and the efficiency of land planning measurement is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of land planning equipment technology, specifically to a land planning measurement device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] In the actual work exploration and surveying process, due to the characteristics of the site being generally located in the field and having a large area, the existing planning and surveying equipment generally adopts manual carrying of surveying equipment to lay out the designated site. Due to the characteristics of outdoor soil or gravel, vehicles cannot effectively cover the area. At this time, surveyors need to carry the surveying equipment on foot to carry out the land surveying and planning, which undoubtedly reduces the efficiency of outdoor land planning and surveying, and is also time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a land planning measurement device based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and its operating method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems mentioned above in the technical background, the purpose of this invention is to provide a land planning surveying device and its working method based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This solves the problem mentioned in the background art that existing land planning surveying requires manual labor to carry equipment on foot, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A land planning surveying device based on a drone includes a drone base, four sets of powered rotating seats symmetrically installed on both sides of the drone base, and a video acquisition and sensing module. Propellers are installed on the powered rotating seats. A frame is installed at the bottom of the drone base. A storage unit for storing multiple sets of locators with conical bottoms is installed at the bottom of the frame. A first electric telescopic rod for controlling the sliding out and retraction of the locators is installed inside the frame. The bottom of the first electric telescopic rod is equipped with an electrically controlled magnetic chuck, and the top of the positioner is equipped with a magnetic block; When the first electric telescopic rod extends, it passes through the center of the storage unit. Multiple sets of retractable propulsion units that slide towards the center are installed inside the storage unit. The locator is stored on the retractable propulsion unit. The storage unit is equipped with a rotating unit at its bottom, and rotating plates are symmetrically mounted on the rotating unit. A third electric telescopic rod that controls the opening and closing angle is symmetrically mounted on both sides of the two sets of rotating plates. The bottom of the rotating plate is equipped with a clamping part that can rotate elastically.

[0006] Furthermore, the storage unit includes a fixed plate, a barrel-shaped storage compartment, and multiple sets of retractable propulsion units. The fixed plate is installed at the bottom of the frame, and the storage compartment is installed at the bottom of the fixed plate. The multiple sets of retractable propulsion units are arranged in a ring and installed in the storage compartment.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixed plate and the storage compartment are respectively provided with a first telescopic groove and a second telescopic groove through which the first electric telescopic rod extends.

[0008] Furthermore, the retractable propulsion unit includes a second electric telescopic rod, a loading cylinder, and a slide rail plate. The bottom of the storage chamber is provided with multiple sets of radial slides. The bottom of the slide rail plate is inserted into the slides. The inner and outer sides of the slide rail plate are respectively connected to the loading cylinder and the second electric telescopic rod. The other end of the second electric telescopic rod is fixed to the inner wall of the storage chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the storage compartment is symmetrically equipped with slide rails at the bottom, and the bottom of the storage compartment is connected to a positioning cylinder. A limit ring is installed at the bottom of the positioning cylinder. The rotating unit is installed at the bottom of the storage compartment outside the slide rails, and arc-shaped grooves are provided on the facing surfaces of the two sets of slide rails.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating unit includes two sets of servo motors, two sets of gears, an internal gear, and a connecting cylinder. The internal gear is installed inside the positioning cylinder above the limiting ring, and the bottom annular surface of the internal gear extends out of the annular area of ​​the limiting ring and is connected to the connecting cylinder. The two sets of servo motors are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the slide rail frame on both sides via bases. The gears are installed at the output end of the servo motors, and the positioning shafts on the gears are inserted into the bottom of the storage compartment. The two sets of gears are meshed with the internal gear.

[0011] Furthermore, rotating seats are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the connecting cylinder, the top of the rotating plate is installed on the rotating seat, a rotating rod is installed through the middle of the rotating plate, and two sets of the third electric telescopic rods are installed at both ends of the rotating rods on both sides through rotating joints. A groove is provided at the bottom of the rotating plate, and a clamping part that can rotate elastically is installed on the groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping part includes a clamping spade, an arc-shaped insert, an arc-shaped elastic element, and an anti-detachment head. The top end of the clamping spade is rotatably mounted in the groove provided at the bottom end of the rotating plate. The clamping spade has an arc-shaped clamping groove along the radially inner side of the connecting cylinder to facilitate clamping. One end of the arc-shaped insert is installed on the clamping spade along the radially outer side of the connecting cylinder. The other end of the arc-shaped insert slides through the rotating plate. The anti-detachment head is installed on the other end of the arc-shaped insert. The arc-shaped elastic element is installed on the arc-shaped insert along the radially outer side of the connecting cylinder on the rotating plate.

[0013] Furthermore, an auxiliary identification lens is installed at the bottom of the storage compartment to transmit video images and assist operators in retrieving the locator.

[0014] A method for operating a land planning surveying device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) includes the following steps: S1. Control the drone carrying the locator to reach the designated placement area, and control the second electric telescopic rod to extend and push the slide rail plate to move the loading cylinder onto the second telescopic groove. S2. Control the first electric telescopic rod to extend, and at the same time activate the electric magnetic chuck, so that the electric magnetic chuck controls the positioner by attracting the magnetic block. Control the first electric telescopic rod to retract and pull the positioner out of the loading cylinder. Then control the second electric telescopic rod to retract and keep the second telescopic groove unobstructed. S3. After the first electric telescopic rod continues to extend, the electric magnetic chuck is turned off, and the positioner slides down along the arc-shaped groove between the slide rails and inserts into the ground at the placement point. S4. Repeat the above steps to set up multiple release points. Use the video acquisition and sensing modules on the drone to collect video and elevation data of the land in the release point area. S5. After data collection is completed, the drone is controlled to fly to the locator. The drone's attitude is controlled by the auxiliary recognition lens. The opening and closing angle of the rotating plates on both sides is controlled by controlling the extension and retraction of the third electric telescopic rods on both sides. The rotating plates on both sides drive the two sets of clamping shovels at the bottom to clamp the locator. S6. By controlling the servo motor to drive the gear to rotate, the gear drives the internal gear to rotate, the internal gear drives the connecting cylinder to rotate, and the connecting cylinder drives the rotating plates on both sides to rotate. During the rotation, the positioner is easily unscrewed, while avoiding the adhesion of soil. S7. After unscrewing, the first electric telescopic rod is extended and the electric magnetic chuck is activated to lift the positioner above the storage compartment. Then, the second electric telescopic rod is controlled to push out the empty loading cylinder. The first electric telescopic rod is then extended to place the positioner inside the loading cylinder and the electric magnetic chuck is turned off. Finally, the second electric telescopic rod is controlled to retract the loading cylinder, thus realizing the function of automatically retracting the positioner.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: In this invention, a frame is installed at the bottom of the drone base. A storage unit containing multiple sets of cone-shaped locators is installed at the bottom of the frame. Inside the frame, a first electrically operated telescopic rod controls the sliding and retraction of the locators. An electrically controlled magnetic chuck is installed at the bottom of the first telescopic rod, and a magnetic block is installed at the top of the locator. When extended, the first telescopic rod passes through the center of the storage unit. Inside the storage unit, multiple sets of retractable propulsion units that slide towards the center are installed. The locators are stored on the retractable propulsion units. When placement is required, the retractable propulsion units are controlled to push the locators out, and then the first electric telescopic rod is extended while simultaneously activating the magnetic chuck. The system uses a magnetic chuck to attract the locator to the magnetic block on top. Then, it controls the retraction of the first electric telescopic rod to remove the locator. The retraction propulsion unit is then reset to avoid affecting the extension of the first electric telescopic rod. The first electric telescopic rod extends out of the storage compartment to align the locator with the area to be marked. The magnetic chuck is then deactivated, causing the locator to fall and insert into the soil. This enables rapid and intelligent marking of various outdoor terrains. After marking is complete, a video acquisition and sensing module on the drone collects video and elevation data, which is then transmitted to the terminal. This structure enables intelligent marking for different environments, significantly improving the efficiency of land marking and measurement.

[0016] In this invention, a rotating unit is installed at the bottom of the storage unit, with rotating plates symmetrically mounted on the rotating unit. A third electric telescopic rod, controlling the opening and closing angle of the rotating plates, is symmetrically mounted on both sides of the rotating plates. A clamping part that can rotate elastically is installed at the bottom of the rotating plates. After measurement, a drone is controlled to fly to various points to retract the locator. The opening and closing angle of the rotating plates is controlled by the third electric telescopic rod, and an auxiliary recognition lens assists personnel in adjusting the drone's attitude to ensure that the clamping part at the bottom of the rotating plate clamps the locator. Due to the uncertainty of the locator's bonding strength with the soil, the drone cannot directly pull it out when the bonding strength is high. The rotating unit drives the rotating plates and clamping part to rotate, and the clamping part drives the locator to rotate, easily separating the locator from the soil. Then, the first electric telescopic rod is controlled to extend and activate the electrically controlled magnetic chuck to attract the magnetic block on the top of the locator. The third electric telescopic rod is then controlled to extend and release the clamping part. The first electric telescopic rod controls the locator to retract and reset on the retraction propulsion unit, ultimately achieving the goal of automatic and intelligent locator retraction. Simultaneously, the rotational clamping retraction is more stable and adaptable to a wider range of scenarios, improving work efficiency and saving manpower and resources. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 The three-dimensional representation provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The three-dimensional representation provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3The image showing the removal of the drone is provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the drone after partial decomposition provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the storage unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the storage unit and the partial rotation unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a half-sectional perspective view of the storage unit and the partial rotation unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 The three-dimensional local rotation unit provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 9 The three-dimensional local rotation unit provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0018] In the diagram: 1. UAV base; 2. Powered rotating base; 3. Propeller; 4. First equipment slot; 5. Rotating base; 6. Video acquisition and sensing module; 7. Frame; 8. Fixed plate; 9. First telescopic slot; 10. First electric telescopic rod; 11. Electrically controlled magnetic chuck; 12. Storage compartment; 13. Slide rail; 14. Second electric telescopic rod; 15. Second telescopic slot; 16. Loading cylinder; 17. Slide rail plate; 18. Positioner; 19. 20. Magnetic block; 21. Positioning cylinder; 22. Limiting ring; 23. Slide rail frame; 24. Arc-shaped slide groove; 25. Servo motor; 26. Gear; 27. Auxiliary recognition lens; 28. Internal gear; 29. ​​Connecting cylinder; 30. Rotating seat; 31. Rotating plate; 32. Rotating rod; 33. Third electric telescopic rod; 34. Groove; 35. Clamping shovel; 36. Arc-shaped clamping groove; 37. Arc-shaped insert; 38. Arc-shaped elastic element; 39. Anti-detachment head. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Example

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1-9 As shown, a land planning surveying device based on a drone includes a drone base 1, four sets of powered rotating seats 2 symmetrically installed on both sides of the drone base 1, and a video acquisition and sensing module 6. The video acquisition and sensing module 6 includes a video acquisition lens, a signal transmission module, and a positioning sensing module. By internally rotating and mounting the video acquisition and sensing module 6 at one end of the drone base 1, it is convenient for data acquisition. At the same time, it senses the positioning signal of the locator 18, which is convenient for setting up survey points. A propeller 3 is mounted on the power rotating base 2. A frame 7 is mounted on the bottom of the UAV base 1. A storage unit for storing multiple sets of locators 18 with conical bottoms is installed at the bottom of the frame 7. The conical bottom of the locators 18 facilitates positioning and insertion in the soil, ensuring the accuracy of data calibration and acquisition. A first electric telescopic rod 10 is installed inside the frame 7 to control the sliding and retraction of the locators 18. An electrically controlled magnetic chuck 11 is installed at the bottom of the first electric telescopic rod 10, and a magnetic block 19 is installed at the top of the locators 18. By controlling the extension and retraction of the first electric telescopic rod 10, the electrically controlled magnetic chuck 11 is raised and lowered. This provides a stable foundation for the deployment and retraction of the locator 18. When the first electric telescopic rod 10 extends, it passes through the center of the storage unit. Multiple sets of retractable propulsion units that slide towards the center are installed inside the storage unit, and the locator 18 is stored on the retractable propulsion units. A rotating unit is installed at the bottom of the storage unit, and rotating plates 29 are symmetrically installed on the rotating unit. A third electric telescopic rod 31 that controls the opening and closing angle is symmetrically installed on both sides of the two sets of rotating plates 29. A clamping part that can rotate elastically is installed at the bottom of the rotating plate 29. The rotating unit drives the clamping part to rotate, easily detaching the locator 18 from the soil.

[0021] The principle of the intelligent placement locator is as follows: The locator 18 is pushed out by controlling the retractable propulsion unit, and then the first electric telescopic rod 10 is extended while the magnetic chuck 11 is activated to attract the magnetic block 9 on the top of the locator 18. Then, the first electric telescopic rod 10 is retracted to remove the locator 19. The retractable propulsion unit is then reset to avoid affecting the extension of the first electric telescopic rod 10. The first electric telescopic rod 10 is then extended from the storage compartment 12 to align the locator 18 with the area to be placed. The magnetic chuck 11 is then turned off, causing the locator 18 to fall and insert into the soil. This enables rapid and intelligent placement of points on various outdoor terrains. After placement, the video acquisition and sensing module 6 on the drone collects video, point elevation, and other data and transmits them to the terminal. Through the above structure, intelligent placement for different environments is achieved, greatly improving the efficiency of land placement and measurement.

[0022] Principle of intelligent retraction locator: After the measurement is completed, the drone is controlled to fly to each point to retrieve the locator 18. The opening and closing angle of the rotating plate 29 is controlled by the third electric telescopic rod 31, and the auxiliary recognition lens 25 assists the personnel in adjusting the drone's attitude to ensure that the clamping part at the bottom of the rotating plate 29 clamps the locator 18. Since the bonding strength between the locator and the soil is uncertain, the drone cannot directly pull it out when the bonding strength is high. The rotating unit drives the rotating plate 29 and the clamping part to rotate, and the clamping part drives the locator 18 to rotate, easily separating the locator 18 from the soil. Then, the first electric telescopic rod 10 is controlled to extend and open the electrically controlled magnetic suction cup 11 to attract the magnetic block 9 on the top of the locator 18. Then, the third electric telescopic rod 31 is controlled to extend and release the clamping part. The first electric telescopic rod 10 controls the locator 18 to retract and reset on the retraction propulsion unit, thus achieving the purpose of automatic and intelligent retrieval of the locator 18. At the same time, the rotation clamping retrieval is more stable and adaptable to a wider range of scenarios, improving work efficiency and saving manpower and material resources.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 4-7 As shown, the storage unit includes a fixed plate 8, a barrel-shaped storage compartment 12, and multiple sets of retractable propulsion units. The fixed plate 8 is installed at the bottom of the frame 7, and the storage compartment 12 is installed at the bottom of the fixed plate 8. The multiple sets of retractable propulsion units are installed in a ring shape inside the storage compartment 12. By designing the storage compartment 12 in a ring shape, when needed, the multiple sets of retractable propulsion units can be controlled to move towards the center, thereby moving the locator 18 towards the center, which facilitates the retrieval and placement of the locator. At the same time, the ring-shaped symmetrical design increases the structural stability under stress.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the fixed plate 8 and the storage compartment 12 are respectively provided with a first telescopic groove 9 and a second telescopic groove 15 through which the first electric telescopic rod 10 extends. By setting the first telescopic groove 9 and the second telescopic groove 15, it is convenient for the first electric telescopic rod 10 to pass through when it is released or retracted from the locator 18, which increases the stability of deployment and retrieval. At the same time, the midpoint through telescopic design makes the operation process more stable.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 5 , 7As shown, the retractable propulsion unit includes a second electric telescopic rod 14, a loading cylinder 16, and a slide rail plate 17. Multiple sets of radial slides 13 are provided at the bottom of the storage chamber 12. The bottom of the slide rail plate 17 is inserted into the slide rail 13. The inner and outer sides of the slide rail plate 17 are respectively connected to the loading cylinder 16 and the second electric telescopic rod 14. The other end of the second electric telescopic rod 14 is fixed to the inner wall of the storage chamber 12. By controlling the extension and retraction of the second electric telescopic rod 14, the slide rail plate 17 is driven to slide back and forth on the slide rail 13. The slide rail plate 17 drives the loading cylinder 16 to slide back and forth on the slide rail 13. When it is necessary to release the locator, the loading cylinder 16 is pushed below the first telescopic groove 9 to facilitate the removal of the locator 18. When it is necessary to retract the locator 18, the locator 18 is placed into the loading cylinder 16 and reset, thereby achieving the purpose of storing the locator 18.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 6 , 7 As shown, slide rails 22 are symmetrically installed at the bottom of storage compartment 12. The bottom of storage compartment 12 is connected to positioning cylinder 20. A limit ring 21 is installed at the bottom of positioning cylinder 20. A rotating unit is installed at the bottom of storage compartment 12 outside slide rails 22. Arc-shaped slide grooves 2201 are provided on the facing surfaces of the two sets of slide rails 22. The two sets of slide rails 22 are set to allow the locator 18 to fall and be positioned along the arc-shaped slide grooves 2201, so that the locator 18 is installed more firmly.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 6-9 As shown, the rotating unit includes two sets of servo motors 23, two sets of gears 24, an internal gear 26, and a connecting cylinder 27. The two sets of gears 24 are set to increase the structural symmetry and stability. The internal gear 26 is installed in the positioning cylinder 20 above the limiting ring 21. At the same time, the bottom annular surface of the internal gear 26 extends out of the annular area of ​​the limiting ring 21 and is connected to the connecting cylinder 27. The two sets of servo motors 23 are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the slide rail frame 22 on both sides through the base. The output end of the servo motor 23 is equipped with gears 24. The positioning shaft on the gear 24 is inserted into the bottom of the storage compartment 12. The two sets of gears 24 are meshed with the internal gear 26. By controlling the servo motor 23 to drive the gear 24 to rotate, the gear 24 drives the internal gear 26 to rotate, and the internal gear 26 drives the connecting cylinder 27 to rotate. The connecting cylinder 27 drives the clamping part to rotate through the rotating plate 29.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 8 , 9 As shown, rotating seats 28 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the connecting cylinder 27. The top of the rotating plate 29 is installed on the rotating seat 28. A rotating rod 30 is installed through the middle of the rotating plate 29. Two sets of third electric telescopic rods 31 are installed at both ends of the rotating rods 30 through rotating joints. A groove 32 is provided at the bottom of the rotating plate 29. A clamping part that can rotate elastically is installed on the groove 32. By controlling the extension and retraction of the third electric telescopic rods 31, the opening and closing angle of the bottom of the two sets of rotating plates 29 is controlled, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the clamping part to clamp.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 8 , 9 As shown, the clamping part includes a clamping spade 33, an arc-shaped insert 35, an arc-shaped elastic element 36, and an anti-detachment head 37. The top end of the clamping spade 33 is rotatably mounted in a groove 32 provided at the bottom end of the rotating plate 29. The clamping spade 33 has an arc-shaped clamping groove 34 for easy clamping along the radial inner side of the connecting cylinder 27. One end of the arc-shaped insert 35 is installed on the clamping spade 33 along the radial outer side of the connecting cylinder 27. The other end of the arc-shaped insert 35 slides through the rotating plate 29. The anti-detachment head 37 is installed on the other end of the arc-shaped insert 35. The rotating plate 29... An arc-shaped elastic element 36 is installed on the radially outer arc-shaped insert 35 of the connecting cylinder 27. During the clamping process, the grooves 32 on the inner side of the two side clamping shovels 33 are engaged around the locator 18 and then squeezed towards the center. During the squeezing process, the clamping shovels 33 rotate to meet the locator 18. When rotating, the arc-shaped insert 35 is inserted into the rotating plate 29. During the insertion process, the arc-shaped elastic element 36 is squeezed. Under the reaction force of the arc-shaped elastic element 36, the clamping shovels 33 are pushed to clamp the locator 18. When lowered, the clamping shovels 33 automatically return to their straight position.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 6 As shown, an auxiliary identification lens 25 is installed at the bottom of the storage compartment 12 to transmit video images and assist operators in retrieving the locator 18. The auxiliary identification lens 25 increases the accuracy of picking up and placing the locator 18.

[0031] A method for operating a land planning surveying device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) includes the following steps: S1. Control the drone carrying the locator to reach the designated placement area, and control the second electric telescopic rod 14 to extend and push the slide rail plate 17 to drive the loading cylinder 16 to move onto the second telescopic groove 15. S2. Control the first electric telescopic rod 10 to extend, and at the same time activate the electric magnetic chuck 11 so that the electric magnetic chuck 11 controls the positioner 18 by attracting the magnetic block 19. Control the first electric telescopic rod 10 to retract and pull the positioner 18 out of the loading cylinder 16. Then control the second electric telescopic rod 14 to retract and keep the second telescopic groove 15 unobstructed. S3. After the first electric telescopic rod 10 continues to extend, the electric magnetic chuck 11 is turned off, and the positioner 18 slides down along the arc-shaped groove 2201 between the slide rails 22 and inserts into the ground at the placement point. S4. Repeat the above steps to set up multiple release points. Use the video acquisition and sensing module 6 on the drone to collect video and elevation data of the land in the release point area. S5. After data collection is completed, the drone is controlled to fly to the locator 18. The drone's attitude is controlled by the auxiliary recognition lens 25. The opening and closing angle of the rotating plates 29 on both sides is controlled by the extension and retraction of the third electric telescopic rods 31 on both sides. The rotating plates 29 on both sides drive the two sets of clamping shovels 33 at the bottom to clamp the locator 18. S6. By controlling the servo motor 23 to drive the gear 24 to rotate, the gear 24 drives the internal gear 26 to rotate, the internal gear 26 drives the connecting cylinder 27 to rotate, and the connecting cylinder 27 drives the rotating plates 29 on both sides to rotate. During the rotation, the positioner 18 is easily unscrewed, while avoiding the adhesion of soil. S7. After unscrewing, the first electric telescopic rod 10 is extended and the electric magnetic chuck 11 is activated to lift the positioner 18 above the storage chamber 12. Then, the second electric telescopic rod 14 is controlled to push out the empty loading cylinder 16. The first electric telescopic rod 10 is then extended to place the positioner 18 inside the loading cylinder 16, and the electric magnetic chuck 11 is closed. Finally, the second electric telescopic rod 14 is controlled to retract the loading cylinder 16, thus realizing the function of automatically retracting the positioner 18.

[0032] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A land planning surveying device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), comprising a UAV base (1), four sets of powered rotating seats (2) symmetrically installed on both sides of the UAV base (1), and a video acquisition and sensing module (6), wherein propellers (3) are mounted on the powered rotating seats (2), characterized in that: The base (1) of the drone is equipped with a frame (7) at the bottom. The frame (7) is equipped with a storage unit at the bottom for storing multiple sets of locators (18) with conical bottoms. The frame (7) is equipped with a first electric telescopic rod (10) on the inner side for controlling the sliding out and retraction of the locators (18). The first electric telescopic rod (10) is equipped with an electrically controlled magnetic chuck (11) at the bottom, and the positioner (18) is equipped with a magnetic block (19) at the top; When the first electric telescopic rod (10) extends, it passes through the center of the storage unit. Multiple sets of retractable propulsion units that slide towards the center are installed inside the storage unit. The locator (18) is stored on the retractable propulsion unit. The storage unit is equipped with a rotating unit at the bottom, and rotating plates (29) are symmetrically installed on the rotating unit. A third electric telescopic rod (31) for controlling the opening and closing angle is symmetrically installed on both sides of the two sets of rotating plates (29). The bottom of the rotating plate (29) is equipped with a clamping part that can rotate elastically; The storage compartment (12) is symmetrically equipped with slide rails (22) at the bottom. The storage compartment (12) is connected to the bottom of the positioning cylinder (20). The bottom of the positioning cylinder (20) is equipped with a limit ring (21). The rotating unit is installed at the bottom of the storage compartment (12) outside the slide rails (22). The two sets of slide rails (22) are provided with arc-shaped slide grooves (2201) on their facing surfaces. The rotating unit includes two sets of servo motors (23), two sets of gears (24), an internal gear (26), and a connecting cylinder (27). The internal gear (26) is installed in the positioning cylinder (20) above the limiting ring (21). At the same time, the bottom annular surface of the internal gear (26) extends out of the annular area of ​​the limiting ring (21) and is connected to the connecting cylinder (27). The two sets of servo motors (23) are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the slide rail frame (22) on both sides through the base. The output end of the servo motor (23) is equipped with the gear (24). The positioning shaft on the gear (24) is inserted into the bottom of the storage compartment (12). The two sets of gears (24) are meshed with the internal gear (26). The connecting cylinder (27) has symmetrical rotating seats (28) installed on both sides of its bottom. The top of the rotating plate (29) is installed on the rotating seat (28). A rotating rod (30) is installed through the middle of the rotating plate (29). Two sets of the third electric telescopic rods (31) are installed at both ends of the rotating rods (30) on both sides through rotating joints. A groove (32) is provided at the bottom of the rotating plate (29). A clamping part that can rotate elastically is installed on the groove (32). The clamping part includes a clamping spade (33), an arc-shaped insert (35), an arc-shaped elastic element (36), and an anti-detachment head (37). The top end of the clamping spade (33) is rotatably mounted in the groove (32) provided at the bottom end of the rotating plate (29). The clamping spade (33) is provided with an arc-shaped clamping groove (34) for easy clamping along the radial inner side of the connecting cylinder (27). One end of the arc-shaped insert (35) is installed on the clamping spade (33) along the radial outer side of the connecting cylinder (27). The other end of the arc-shaped insert (35) slides through the rotating plate (29). The anti-detachment head (37) is installed on the other end of the arc-shaped insert (35). The arc-shaped elastic element (36) is installed on the arc-shaped insert (35) along the radial outer side of the connecting cylinder (27) of the rotating plate (29).

2. The land planning surveying device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage unit includes a fixed disk (8), a barrel-shaped storage compartment (12), and multiple sets of retractable propulsion units. The fixed disk (8) is installed at the bottom of the frame (7), and the storage compartment (12) is installed at the bottom of the fixed disk (8). The multiple sets of retractable propulsion units are arranged in a ring and installed in the storage compartment (12).

3. The land planning surveying device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed plate (8) and the storage compartment (12) are respectively provided with a first telescopic groove (9) and a second telescopic groove (15) through which the first electric telescopic rod (10) extends and retracts.

4. A land planning surveying device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The retraction propulsion unit includes a second electric telescopic rod (14), a loading cylinder (16), and a slide rail plate (17). The bottom of the storage chamber (12) is provided with multiple sets of radial slide rails (13). The bottom of the slide rail plate (17) is inserted into the slide rail (13). The inner and outer sides of the slide rail plate (17) are respectively connected to the loading cylinder (16) and the second electric telescopic rod (14). The other end of the second electric telescopic rod (14) is fixed on the inner wall of the storage chamber (12).

5. A land planning surveying device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The storage compartment (12) is equipped with an auxiliary identification lens (25) at the bottom to transmit video images and assist operators in retrieving the locator (18).

6. The working method of a land planning surveying device based on any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Control the drone carrying the locator to reach the designated placement area, and control the second electric telescopic rod (14) to extend and push the slide rail plate (17) to drive the loading cylinder (16) to move onto the second telescopic groove (15); S2. Control the first electric telescopic rod (10) to extend, and at the same time activate the electric magnetic chuck (11), so that the electric magnetic chuck (11) controls the positioner (18) by attracting the magnetic block (19), and controls the positioner (18) to be pulled out of the loading cylinder (16) by controlling the first electric telescopic rod (10) to retract. Then control the second electric telescopic rod (14) to retract to keep the second telescopic groove (15) unobstructed. S3. After the first electric telescopic rod (10) continues to extend, the electric magnetic chuck (11) is closed, and the positioner (18) slides down along the arc-shaped groove (2201) between the slide rails (22) and inserts into the ground at the placement point. S4. Repeat the above steps to set up multiple release points. Use the video acquisition and sensing module (6) on the drone to collect video and elevation data of the land in the release point area. S5. After the data collection is completed, the drone is controlled to fly to the locator (18). The drone's attitude is controlled by the auxiliary recognition lens (25). The opening and closing angle of the rotating plates (29) on both sides is controlled by the extension and retraction of the third electric telescopic rods (31) on both sides. The rotating plates (29) on both sides drive the two sets of clamping shovels (33) at the bottom to clamp the locator (18). S6. By controlling the servo motor (23) to drive the gear (24) to rotate, the gear (24) drives the internal gear (26) to rotate, the internal gear (26) drives the connecting cylinder (27) to rotate, and the connecting cylinder (27) drives the rotating plates (29) on both sides to rotate. During the rotation, the positioner (18) is easily unscrewed, while avoiding the adhesion of soil. S7. After unscrewing, by controlling the first electric telescopic rod (10) to extend and opening the electric magnetic chuck (11), the positioner (18) is lifted above the storage bin (12). Then, the second electric telescopic rod (14) is controlled to push out the empty loading cylinder (16). Then, the first electric telescopic rod (10) is controlled to extend and place the positioner (18) in the loading cylinder (16), and the electric magnetic chuck (11) is closed. Then, the second electric telescopic rod (14) is controlled to retract the loading cylinder (16), thus realizing the function of automatically retracting the positioner (18).

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