Waste heat recovery and utilization system and its control method

Abstract

This invention provides a waste heat recovery and utilization system and its control method. The waste heat recovery and utilization system includes: a liquid cooling system, comprising a cooling terminal, a cooling inlet pipe, and a cooling return pipe; a heating system, comprising a heating device, a heating terminal, a heating inlet pipe, a heating return pipe, and a heat exchange outlet pipe; a heat exchanger connecting the cooling inlet pipe and the cooling return pipe, and connecting the heating return pipe and the heat exchange outlet pipe; and a backup cooling system located between the heating terminal and the heat exchanger, used to cool the circulating liquid in the heating return pipe. After the coolant in the liquid cooling system absorbs heat from the heat source, the heat is transferred to the circulating liquid in the heating system via the heat exchanger, realizing the recovery and utilization of heat from the heat source. When the circulating liquid absorbs heat from the heat source and is heated by the heating device, the energy consumption of the heating device can be reduced, achieving the purpose of energy saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat source recovery technology, and in particular to a waste heat recovery and utilization system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Current electronic devices not only generate a lot of heat but also operate continuously 24 hours a day, essentially acting as a constant and stable heat source. Typically, electronic devices use air cooling, which relies on air to carry away heat. However, this method is inconvenient for centralized heat recovery and simply dissipates heat directly into the atmosphere. Currently, due to the increasing power density of computing electronic devices, air cooling efficiency has reached its limit. More and more cooling systems are adopting liquid cooling, which allows for convenient centralized heat recovery.

[0003] However, current heat recovery systems for electronic devices are not yet perfect, and cannot reliably recover heat from the heat source, resulting in heat waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a waste heat recovery and utilization system and its control method that can reliably utilize the waste heat of heat sources, thereby effectively solving the problem of energy waste caused by the inability to reliably recover the heat from electronic devices as heat sources.

[0005] A waste heat recovery and utilization system, comprising:

[0006] A liquid cooling system includes a cooling terminal, a cooling inlet pipe and a cooling return pipe connecting the cooling terminal, for the flow of coolant;

[0007] A heating system includes a heating device, a heating terminal, a heating inlet pipe, a heating return pipe, and a heat exchange outlet pipe. The heating inlet pipe connects the heating device to the heating terminal, the heating return pipe connects the heating terminal to the heat exchange outlet pipe, and the heat exchange outlet pipe connects to the heating device to allow circulating fluid to flow.

[0008] A heat exchanger connects the cooling inlet pipe and the cooling return pipe of the liquid cooling system, and connects the heating return pipe and the heat exchange outlet pipe of the heating system, enabling heat exchange between the coolant of the liquid cooling system and the circulating fluid of the heating system; and

[0009] A backup cooling system is located between the heating terminal and the heat exchanger and connected to the heating return pipe. The backup cooling system is used to cool the circulating liquid in the heating return pipe.

[0010] In one embodiment, the backup cooling system includes a backup cooling pipe and a backup cold source, wherein the backup cooling pipe connects the backup cold source to the heating return pipe.

[0011] In one embodiment, the backup cold source includes one or more combinations of a fan, a cooling tower, and a dry cooler;

[0012] The backup cooling system also includes a cooling valve, the opening of which can be adjusted and controlled. The cooling valve is located on the backup cooling pipe and is used to connect the backup cooling pipe to the heating return pipe.

[0013] In one embodiment, the waste heat recovery system further includes a temperature detection component, which includes a first temperature detector, a second temperature detector, and a third temperature detector. The first temperature detector is used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid flowing out of the heating terminal, the second temperature detector is used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid flowing out of the standby cooling system, and the third temperature detector is used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid flowing into the heat exchanger.

[0014] In one embodiment, the heating system further includes a buffer tank disposed on the heating return pipe and located between the standby cooling system and the heat exchanger, the buffer tank being used to buffer and store the circulating liquid at the heating terminal.

[0015] In one embodiment, the temperature detection assembly further includes a fourth temperature detection element and a fifth temperature detection element, the fourth temperature detection element being used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid flowing into the heating device, and the fifth temperature detection element being used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid output by the heating device.

[0016] In one embodiment, the temperature detection assembly includes a sixth temperature detector and a seventh temperature detector, the sixth temperature detector being used to detect the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the heat exchanger, and the seventh temperature detector being used to detect the temperature of the coolant flowing into the heat exchanger.

[0017] In one embodiment, the heating system further includes a mixing assembly that connects the heating return pipe and the heat exchange outlet pipe. When the mixing assembly is connected, it can introduce the circulating liquid from the heat exchange outlet pipe into the heating return pipe.

[0018] In one embodiment, the mixing assembly includes a mixing valve and a mixing branch pipe. One end of the mixing branch pipe is connected to the heating return pipe via the mixing valve, and the other end of the mixing branch pipe is connected to the heat exchange outlet pipe. The mixing valve controls the connection or disconnection between the mixing branch pipe and the heating return pipe.

[0019] In one embodiment, the heating system further includes a first circulation pump, a second circulation pump, and a third circulation pump;

[0020] The first circulation pump is used to control the flow rate of the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe, the second circulation pump is used to control the flow rate of the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe, and the third circulation pump is used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the cooling inlet pipe.

[0021] In one embodiment, the waste heat recovery system further includes a pressure detection component, which includes a first pressure detection element and a second pressure detection element, the first pressure detection element and the second pressure detection element being used to detect the pressure difference across the third circulating pump.

[0022] In one embodiment, the cooling terminal is a two-phase immersion liquid cooler, a single-phase immersion liquid cooler, or a water cooler.

[0023] A control method for a waste heat recovery and utilization system includes the following steps:

[0024] In a liquid cooling system, the coolant absorbs heat from the heat source at the cooling terminal and then enters the heat exchanger through the cooling return pipe.

[0025] The circulating fluid in the heating system enters the heat exchanger through the standby cooling system and the heating return pipe, and after exchanging heat with the coolant, the circulating fluid enters the heating device through the heat exchange outlet pipe, and the coolant enters the cooling terminal through the cooling inlet pipe.

[0026] The circulating liquid, heated by the heating device, enters the heating terminal through the heating inlet pipe and flows into the heating return pipe after heating.

[0027] In one embodiment, a first temperature sensor is provided between the heating return pipe and the standby cooling system, a second temperature sensor is provided at the end of the standby cooling system, a sixth temperature sensor is provided on the cooling inlet pipe, a mixing assembly is provided between the heating return pipe and the heat exchange outlet pipe, and a first circulation pump is provided on the heating inlet pipe; a buffer water tank and a second circulation pump are also provided on the heating return pipe; the control method further includes a first temperature adjustment step, which includes:

[0028] The detected temperatures of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the sixth temperature sensor are obtained;

[0029] When the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor decreases, it is determined whether the backup cooling system is turned on.

[0030] If so, reduce the flow rate of the circulating fluid through the backup cooling system, and at the same time, control the backup cooling system not to cool the circulating fluid, so as to keep the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor constant and the detection temperature of the sixth temperature sensor constant.

[0031] In one embodiment, the first temperature adjustment step further includes the following steps:

[0032] Obtain the detection temperature of the second temperature detection element;

[0033] If the backup cooling system is shut down or gradually shut down, the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor decreases;

[0034] Increase the frequency of the first circulating pump, and / or increase the frequency of the second circulating pump, and / or control the operation of the mixing assembly, and / or increase the temperature of the circulating liquid output by the heating device, so as to keep the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor constant and make the detection temperature of the sixth temperature sensor constant.

[0035] In one embodiment, the control method further includes a second temperature regulation step, the second temperature regulation step comprising:

[0036] The detected temperatures of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the sixth temperature sensor are obtained;

[0037] When the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor increases, the frequency of the first circulation pump is reduced, and / or the frequency of the second circulation pump is reduced, and / or the temperature of the circulating liquid output by the heating device is reduced, so as to keep the detected temperature value of the second temperature sensor unchanged and keep the detected temperature of the sixth temperature sensor constant.

[0038] In one embodiment, the second temperature adjustment step further includes the following steps:

[0039] Obtain the detection temperature of the second temperature detection element;

[0040] If the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor increases, the backup cooling system is activated to reduce the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe, so as to keep the detected temperature value of the second temperature sensor constant and keep the detected temperature of the sixth temperature sensor constant.

[0041] In one embodiment, the cooling inlet pipe has a sixth temperature sensor, the cooling return pipe has a seventh temperature sensor, the cooling inlet pipe has a third circulation pump, and a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are disposed at both ends of the third circulation pump; the control method further includes a constant pressure adjustment step, the constant pressure adjustment step including:

[0042] The detection temperatures of the sixth and seventh temperature sensors are obtained, and the pressure difference value of the coolant in the liquid cooling system is determined based on the detection temperatures.

[0043] The frequency of the third circulation pump is adjusted according to the pressure difference value to keep the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor constant.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0045] The waste heat recovery and utilization system and its control method of the present invention involve the following: In the liquid cooling system, the coolant enters the cooling terminal through the cooling inlet pipe, absorbs heat from the heat source through the cooling terminal, and is then transported to the heat exchanger through the cooling return pipe. In the heating system, the circulating liquid enters the standby cooling system from the heating return pipe, cools, and then flows into the heat exchanger. After exchanging heat with the coolant, it flows into the heating device through the heat exchange outlet pipe for heating. After heating, it is transported to the heating terminal through the heating inlet pipe to provide heating for the heating side. By having the coolant in the liquid cooling system absorb heat from the heat source and then transfer the heat to the circulating liquid in the heating system through the heat exchanger, the energy waste caused by the unreliable recovery of heat from heat sources such as electronic devices is effectively solved, realizing the recovery and utilization of heat from the heat source. After the circulating liquid absorbs heat from the heat source, the energy consumption of the heating device can be reduced when it is heated, thus achieving the purpose of energy saving. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a waste heat recovery and utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] 100. Waste heat recovery system; 110. Liquid cooling system; 111. Cooling terminal; 112. Cooling inlet pipe; 113. Cooling return pipe; 114. Third circulation pump; 120. Heating system; 121. Heating device; 122. Heating terminal; 123. Heating inlet pipe; 124. Heating return pipe; 125. Heat exchange outlet pipe; 126. Buffer tank; 127. First circulation pump; 128. Second circulation pump; 129. Mixing assembly; 1291. Mixing valve; 1292. Mixing branch pipe; 130. 140. Heat exchanger; 141. Temperature detection assembly; 142. First temperature detection element; 143. Second temperature detection element; 144. Third temperature detection element; 145. Fourth temperature detection element; 146. Fifth temperature detection element; 147. Sixth temperature detection element; 148. Seventh temperature detection element; 150. Pressure detection assembly; 151. First pressure detection element; 152. Second pressure detection element; 160. Backup cooling system; 161. Backup cooling pipe; 162. Backup cold source; 163. Cooling valve. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0050] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0053] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0054] See Figure 1 This invention provides a waste heat recovery and utilization system 100. This system recovers heat from a heat source and uses it for urban heating, achieving resource reuse and reducing resource consumption. It is understood that the heat source can be electronic equipment, which emits a large amount of heat when operating; of course, the heat source can also be other heat sources with temperature, etc. In this invention, the heat source is only described using electronic equipment as an example.

[0055] Currently, the large amount of heat generated by electronic devices during operation is usually dissipated, which would be a waste if directly released into the air. However, current liquid cooling systems for heat recovery in electronic devices are not yet fully developed, failing to reliably recover heat and resulting in low heat utilization rates. Furthermore, these systems require significant energy consumption and cost for heating systems.

[0056] Therefore, the present invention provides a waste heat recovery and utilization system 100, which can realize the recovery and utilization of heat from a heat source. After the circulating fluid absorbs heat from the heat source, it can reduce energy consumption during heating by being connected to a heating system, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving. The specific structure of the waste heat recovery and utilization system 100 is described in detail below.

[0057] See Figure 1In one embodiment, the waste heat recovery system 100 includes a liquid cooling system 110, a heating system 120, a heat exchanger 130, and a backup cooling system 160. The liquid cooling system 110 includes a cooling terminal 111, a cooling inlet pipe 112 connecting the cooling terminal 111, and a cooling return pipe 113 for coolant flow. The heating system 120 includes a heating device 121, a heating terminal 122, a heating inlet pipe 123, a heating return pipe 124, and a heat exchange outlet pipe 125. The heating inlet pipe 123 connects the heating device 121 and the heating terminal 122, the heating return pipe 124 connects the heating terminal 122 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 connects the heating device 121 for circulating fluid flow. The heat exchanger 130 connects the cooling inlet pipe 112 and cooling return pipe 113 of the liquid cooling system 110, and the heating return pipe 124 and heat exchange outlet pipe 125 of the heating system 120, enabling heat exchange between the coolant of the liquid cooling system 110 and the circulating fluid of the heating system 120. The standby cooling system 160 is located between the heating terminal 122 and the heat exchanger 130, and is connected to the heating return pipe 124. The standby cooling system 160 is used to cool the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124.

[0058] The liquid cooling system 110 is used to cool the heat source. The liquid cooling system 110 cools the heat source using flowing coolant, absorbing heat from the heat source to lower its temperature, improve its performance, and ensure reliable operation. The heating system 120 provides heating to the user side, primarily the user side, to meet their heating needs. The heating system 120 contains a circulating liquid, which is heated and used to provide heating to the user side. The backup cooling system 160 is connected to the heating system 120 and cools the circulating liquid flowing out of the user side, preventing excessively high temperatures that could affect the stability of the liquid cooling system 110 and ensuring reliable cooling of the heat source to guarantee its performance.

[0059] The liquid cooling system 110 and the heating system 120 exchange heat through a heat exchanger 130. The coolant in the liquid cooling system 110, after absorbing heat, flows into the heat exchanger 130, while the circulating fluid from the heating system 120 flowing out from the user side flows into the heat exchanger 130. After absorbing heat from the coolant in the liquid cooling system 110, the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating system 120 increases, while the temperature of the coolant decreases. The cooled coolant flows back into the liquid cooling system 110 to continue absorbing heat from the heat source. Simultaneously, the heated circulating fluid flows to the user side after passing through the heating device 121 in the heating system 120 to provide heating. Whether the heating device 121 is activated depends on whether the temperature of the heated circulating fluid (i.e., the temperature value taken by the temperature sensor 144 described later) meets the heating requirements.

[0060] Furthermore, the circulating fluid flowing out of the user side of the heating system 120 can pass through the backup cooling system 160 before entering the heat exchanger 130 for heat exchange. When the temperature of the circulating fluid flowing out of the user side of the heating system 120 increases, the backup cooling system 160 is activated to lower the temperature of the circulating fluid, preventing it from entering the heat exchanger 130 at an excessively high temperature. When the temperature of the circulating fluid flowing out of the user side of the heating system 120 decreases, the backup cooling system 160 is deactivated to avoid lowering the temperature of the circulating fluid, thereby preventing it from entering the heat exchanger 130 at an excessively low temperature. The backup cooling system 160 ensures that the circulating fluid is at a suitable temperature, thus ensuring that the temperature of the hot-side liquid cooling system 110 of the heat exchanger 130 is within a suitable range, neither too high nor too low.

[0061] Since the circulating fluid before the heating device 121 has already absorbed heat from the coolant and risen to a certain temperature, if this temperature meets the heating requirements, it can be directly used for heating without further heating. If this temperature does not meet the heating requirements, the heat obtained from the coolant side serves as preheating for the circulating fluid. The heating system 120 does not need to heat the circulating fluid excessively, thus reducing the energy consumed during heating and achieving energy savings and cost reduction. Simultaneously, it can also lower the heat source temperature, ensuring reliable operation of the heat source. Optionally, the coolant can be water, refrigerant, heat transfer oil, or other liquids capable of cooling and heat exchange, and the circulating fluid can be water or other liquids capable of heating.

[0062] Specifically, the liquid cooling system 110 includes a cooling terminal 111, a cooling inlet pipe 112 connected to the cooling terminal 111, and a cooling return pipe 113 for coolant flow. The cooling terminal 111 is used to cool the heat source. One end of the cooling inlet pipe 112 is connected to the heat exchanger 130, and the other end is connected to the cooling terminal 111. One end of the cooling return pipe 113 is connected to the heat exchanger 130, and the other end is connected to the cooling terminal 111. The cooling inlet pipe 112, cooling terminal 111, cooling return pipe 113, and heat exchanger 130 form a complete loop for coolant flow. After absorbing heat from the heat source through the cooling terminal 111, the coolant flows into the heat exchanger 130 through the cooling return pipe 113, where it exchanges heat with the circulating fluid of the heating system 120. The cooled fluid then flows back to the cooling inlet pipe 112, and this process repeats, achieving continuous heat dissipation from the heat source. The flow direction of the coolant is as follows: Figure 1 The arrow direction is shown.

[0063] The heating system 120 includes a heating device 121, a heating terminal 122, a heating inlet pipe 123, a heating return pipe 124, and a heat exchange outlet pipe 125. The heating inlet pipe 123 connects the heating device 121 and the heating terminal 122, the heating return pipe 124 connects the heating terminal 122 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 connects to the heating device 121 to supply circulating fluid. The heating terminal 122 is used to provide heating to the user side, and the heating device 121 is used to reheat the circulating fluid, raising its temperature when the circulating fluid temperature in the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 does not meet the heating requirements. Optionally, the heating device 121 is an electric heating device, such as a boiler or an electric boiler. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the heating device 121 may also be other types of devices.

[0064] One end of the heating inlet pipe 123 is connected to the heating device 121, and the other end is connected to the heating terminal 122. One end of the heating return pipe 124 is connected to the heating terminal 122, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger 130. One end of the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 is connected to the heat exchanger 130, and the other end is connected to the heating device 121. The heating device 121, heating terminal 122, heating inlet pipe 123, heating return pipe 124, heat exchange outlet pipe 125, and heat exchanger 130 form a complete loop for the circulation fluid. The flow direction of the circulation fluid is as follows: Figure 1 The arrow direction is shown.

[0065] After the circulating fluid flows from the heating inlet pipe 123 into the heating terminal 122, it supplies heat to the user side through the heating terminal 122. After heating, it flows into the heat exchanger 130 through the heating return pipe 124, where it exchanges heat with the coolant in the liquid cooling system 110. The circulating fluid that has absorbed heat flows back to the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, and then is transported to the heating device 121. After passing through the heating device 121, it is transported back to the heating inlet pipe 123. This process is repeated to achieve continuous heating to the user side. Furthermore, since the heating temperature supplied to the user side is a predetermined value, the temperature of the circulating fluid will rise to a certain value after absorbing heat from the coolant in the heat exchanger 130. If this temperature meets the heating requirements, it can be used directly for heating without further heating. If this temperature does not meet the heating requirements, the heat obtained from the coolant side will serve as a preheating effect for the circulating fluid. The heating device 121 does not need to heat the circulating fluid to an excessive temperature rise, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the heating device 121 during heating and achieving the purpose of saving energy.

[0066] The two ends of the standby cooling system 160 are connected to the heating return pipe 124 and are located near the heating terminal 122. The standby cooling system 160 cools the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. When the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122 is too high, the standby cooling system 160 is activated, and the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124 enters the standby cooling system 160 for cooling, and then flows into the heat exchanger 130 through the heating return pipe 124. When the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122 is too low or normal, the standby cooling system 160 can be shut down. When the standby cooling system 160 is not activated, the circulating fluid flowing into the heating return pipe 124 from the heating terminal 122 directly enters the heat exchanger 130.

[0067] The waste heat recovery and utilization system 100 of the above embodiment forms a complete combination of a liquid cooling system 110, a heat exchanger 130, a backup cooling system 160, and a heating system 120. This ensures the stable and reliable operation of the liquid cooling system 110 while simultaneously recovering and utilizing heat from the heat source. Specifically, after the coolant in the liquid cooling system 110 absorbs heat from the heat source, the heat is transferred to the circulating fluid in the heating system 120 via the heat exchanger 130. This effectively solves the problem of energy waste caused by the unreliable recovery of heat from electronic equipment heat sources, achieving the recovery and utilization of heat from the heat source. After absorbing heat from the heat source, the circulating fluid reduces the energy consumption of the heating device 121 when passing through it, achieving energy savings. Furthermore, the backup cooling system 160 can reduce the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122, ensuring reliable operation of the heat source.

[0068] In one embodiment, the waste heat recovery system 100 may further include a controller, which is electrically connected to various components of the heating system 120, the backup cooling system 160 and the liquid cooling system 110 to control the operation of various components of the liquid cooling system 110, the backup cooling system 160 and the heating system 120.

[0069] In one embodiment, the backup cooling system 160 includes a backup cooling pipe 161 and a backup cold source 162 disposed on the backup cooling pipe 161. The backup cooling pipe 161 connects the backup cold source 162 to the heating return pipe 124. The first and second ends of the backup cooling pipe 161 are respectively connected to the heating return pipe 124. After the backup cooling pipe 161 transports the circulating liquid in the heating return pipe 124 to the backup cold source 162, the circulating liquid is cooled by the backup cold source 162 and then transported back to the cooling return pipe 113 through the backup cooling pipe 161 to reduce the temperature of the circulating liquid.

[0070] In one embodiment, the backup cold source 162 includes one or more combinations of a cooling tower and a dry cooler. After the circulating liquid flows through the backup cold source 162, the backup cold source 162 can cool the circulating liquid. This invention only uses a dry cooler as an example of a backup cold source 162; when the backup cold source 162 is of other types, the principle is essentially the same as that of a dry cooler, and will not be elaborated here. It is understood that a dry cooler has a fan and coil structure. Temperature regulation mainly involves adjusting the fan's rotation speed. Specifically, a controller is connected to the fan of the backup cold source 162. The controller controls the fan's rotation speed according to the circulating liquid temperature, and cools the circulating liquid by controlling the airflow to meet different cooling requirements. Of course, in other embodiments of this invention, the backup cold source 162 may also employ other types of cooling equipment, such as a cooling tower.

[0071] In one embodiment, the backup cooling system 160 further includes a cooling valve 163. The opening degree of the cooling valve 163 is adjustable and controllable. The cooling valve 163 is disposed on the backup cooling pipe 161 and is used to connect the backup cooling pipe 161 and the heating return pipe 124. When the cooling valve 163 is open, the coolant in the heating return pipe 124 can enter the backup cooling pipe 161, and after passing through the backup cold source 162, flow back to the heating return pipe 124. When the cooling valve 163 is closed, the coolant in the heating return pipe 124 will not flow into the backup cooling pipe 161.

[0072] Optionally, the cooling valve 163 can be installed on the inlet pipe of the standby cooling pipe 161, the outlet pipe of the standby cooling pipe 161, or at the connection between the standby cooling pipe 161 and the heating return pipe 124. All these options allow for control of the opening degree of the standby cooling pipe 161. Optionally, the cooling valve 163 is an electric valve, electrically connected to the controller. In this way, the controller can automatically control the opening degree of the cooling valve 163 based on the temperature of the circulating liquid output from the heating terminal 122, i.e., control the amount of heat dissipated by the standby cooling source 162 by controlling the flow rate of the circulating liquid through the standby cold source 162. For example, the cooling valve 163 is an electric three-way valve, installed at the connection between the standby cooling pipe 161 and the heating return pipe 124, and electrically connected to the controller.

[0073] In one embodiment, the heating system 120 further includes a first circulation pump 127 and a second circulation pump 128. The first circulation pump 127 is disposed in the heating inlet pipe 123, and the second circulation pump 128 is disposed in the heating return pipe 124. The first circulation pump 127 is used to control the flow rate of the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123, and the second circulation pump 128 is used to control the flow rate of the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124. Changing the frequency of the first circulation pump 127 and the second circulation pump 128 can change the flow rate of the circulating fluid. A controller is electrically connected to the first circulation pump 127 and the second circulation pump 128 to adjust the frequency of the first circulation pump 127 and the second circulation pump 128, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the circulating fluid delivered by the first circulation pump 127 and the second circulation pump 128.

[0074] The second circulating pump 128 changes the flow rate of the circulating fluid entering and exiting the heat exchanger 130 by adjusting its frequency, thereby changing the temperature difference between the circulating fluid entering and exiting the heat exchanger 130, and thus changing the heat exchange temperature difference between the circulating fluid and the coolant in the heat exchanger 130 to a certain extent. For example, when the frequency of the second circulating pump 128 is reduced, the flow rate of the circulating fluid delivered by the second circulating pump 128 decreases accordingly, thereby reducing the flow rate delivered from the heating return pipe 124 to the heat exchanger 130. The control principle of the first circulating pump 127 is essentially the same as that of the second circulating pump 128, and will not be described in detail here.

[0075] In one embodiment, the liquid cooling system 110 further includes a third circulation pump 114, which is disposed in the cooling inlet pipe 112 and is used to control the flow rate of coolant in the cooling inlet pipe 112. A controller is electrically connected to the third circulation pump 114 and is used to adjust the frequency of the third circulation pump 114. When the frequency of the third circulation pump 114 changes, the third circulation pump 114 can adjust the flow rate of coolant in the cooling inlet pipe 112 to control the flow rate of coolant in the cooling inlet pipe 112 through the cooling terminal 111, ensuring a constant temperature difference at the cooling terminal 111, thereby ensuring a balanced temperature difference of the heat source and ensuring the reliability of the heat source operation.

[0076] In one embodiment, the waste heat recovery system 100 further includes a temperature detection component 140. The temperature detection component 140 is used to detect the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating system 120 and the temperature of the coolant in the liquid cooling system 110, to ensure that the waste heat recovery system 100 can operate at a constant temperature.

[0077] In one embodiment, the temperature detection assembly 140 includes a first temperature detector 141, a second temperature detector 142, and a third temperature detector 143. The first temperature detector 141 is disposed at the end of the heating return pipe 124 near the heating terminal 122 and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating fluid flowing out of the heating terminal 122. The second temperature detector 142 is disposed in the heating return pipe 124 and located at the output end of the standby cooling system 160, and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating fluid flowing out of the standby cooling system 160. The third temperature detector 143 is disposed in the heating return pipe 124 and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating fluid flowing into the heat exchanger 130.

[0078] The first temperature sensor 141 is located at the outlet of the heating terminal 122, specifically at the end where the heating return pipe 124 connects to the heating terminal 122, to detect the temperature of the circulating fluid at this location. In other words, the first temperature sensor 141 detects the temperature of the circulating fluid after heating has begun at the heating terminal 122. The second temperature sensor 142 is located at the outlet of the heating standby cooling system 160, specifically at the end where the heating return pipe 124 connects to the standby cooling pipe 161, to detect the temperature of the circulating fluid at this location. In other words, the second temperature sensor 142 detects the temperature of the circulating fluid flowing out of the standby cold source 162. The third temperature sensor 143 is located at the inlet of the heat exchanger 130 on the heating side, specifically at the end where the heating return pipe 124 connects to the heat exchanger 130, to detect the temperature of the circulating fluid at this location. In other words, the third temperature sensor 143 detects the temperature of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130.

[0079] Understandably, the heat required by the user is usually constant. When the heating system 120 is running stably, the temperature of the circulating fluid output by the heating device 121 is a fixed value, and correspondingly, the temperature of the circulating fluid output by the heating terminal 122 is also a fixed value. That is to say, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the first temperature sensor 141 at the outlet of the heating terminal 122 is a fixed value. Typically, ignoring the temperature loss of the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the first temperature sensor 141 is consistent with the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 143, that is, the temperature of the circulating fluid flowing out of the heating terminal 122 is basically consistent with the temperature of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130. This ensures that the temperature of the coolant in the liquid cooling system 110 is a fixed value, and thus ensures that the temperature of the coolant returning to the cooling terminal 111 after heat exchange is a fixed value. This ensures that the heat source is in a constant temperature cooling condition, thus ensuring the working performance of the heat source.

[0080] The second temperature sensor 142 primarily detects the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the standby cooling system 160. When the circulating fluid temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141 remains stable, the temperatures of the second temperature sensor 142, the first temperature sensor 141, and the third temperature sensor 143 are essentially the same. However, when the circulating fluid temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141 fluctuates, the temperature of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130 via the heating return pipe 124 also fluctuates, thus affecting the temperature of the coolant after heat exchange and impacting the constant-temperature cooling of the heat source. The second temperature sensor 142, the third temperature sensor 143, and the first temperature sensor 141 allow for timely monitoring of the circulating fluid temperature output from the heating terminal 122, facilitating a constant coolant temperature in the subsequent liquid cooling system 110 and ensuring constant-temperature cooling of the heat source.

[0081] Understandably, when the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the first temperature sensor 141 is too low, it indicates that the user side requires more heat and the heating terminal 122 outputs too much heat, causing the temperature of the circulating fluid to decrease compared to the stable state. In this case, it is necessary to reduce the flow rate of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130 through the heating return pipe 124. When the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the first temperature sensor 141 is too high, it indicates that the user side requires less heat and the heating terminal 122 outputs too little heat, causing the temperature of the circulating fluid to increase compared to the stable state. In this case, the temperature of the circulating fluid is reduced through the backup cooling system 160, and the temperature of the circulating fluid output by the backup cooling system 160 is monitored in real time by the second temperature sensor 142. Specific temperature adjustments will be mentioned later.

[0082] In one embodiment, the heating system 120 further includes a buffer tank 126, which is disposed on the heating return pipe 124 and located between the standby cooling system 160 and the heat exchanger 130. The buffer tank 126 is used to buffer and store the circulating fluid from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 has a buffering and storage function. The circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122 first enters the standby cooling system 160 through the heating return pipe 124 and then enters the buffer tank 126. From there, it is fed back into the heating return pipe 124 and then transported to the heat exchanger 130. The buffer tank 126 has a certain volume for storing a certain amount of circulating fluid.

[0083] Understandably, when the heating system 120 is running stably, the first temperature sensor 141 detects that the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122 is at a constant temperature. Correspondingly, the temperature of the circulating fluid stored in the buffer tank 126 is also the same as the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122, which is a constant temperature. Furthermore, the temperature of the circulating fluid transported to the heat exchanger 130 by the heating return pipe 124, detected by the third temperature sensor 143, is also the aforementioned constant temperature. When the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating terminal 122 fluctuates, the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122, after entering the buffer tank 126, first neutralizes the temperature with the circulating fluid stored in the buffer tank 126 that has not experienced temperature fluctuations, thereby reducing the impact of the temperature fluctuation of the circulating fluid in the heating terminal 122 on the temperature of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130. In other words, it reduces the impact of the temperature fluctuation detected by the second temperature sensor 142 on the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141.

[0084] Understandably, when the temperature of the heating terminal 122 is too high, the circulating fluid of the heating terminal 122 is cooled by the backup cooling system 160 before entering the buffer water tank 126; if the temperature of the circulating fluid output by the heating terminal 122 is too low, the circulating fluid of the heating terminal 122 does not pass through the backup cooling system 160 and directly enters the buffer water tank 126.

[0085] For example, assuming the heating system 120 is operating stably, at the outlet of the heating terminal 122, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the first temperature sensor 141 is 40°C. Correspondingly, the temperature of the circulating fluid in the buffer tank 126 is also 40°C. At the inlet of the heat exchanger 130, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143 is 40°C. When the first temperature sensor 141 detects that the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122 is 35°C, it indicates that the user side requires more heat, the heating terminal 122 outputs more heat, and the first temperature sensor 141 detects that the temperature of the circulating fluid is fluctuating.

[0086] Since the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122 is 40℃, the temperature of the circulating fluid in the buffer tank 126 remains at 40℃. When the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122 suddenly drops to 35℃, the heating return pipe 124 inputs 35℃ circulating fluid into the buffer tank 126. At this time, the buffer tank 126 stores 40℃ circulating fluid. The 35℃ circulating fluid entering the buffer tank 126 gradually neutralizes with the 40℃ circulating fluid. During this process, the temperature of the circulating fluid gradually decreases from 40℃. Correspondingly, the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the buffer tank 126 also gradually decreases, preventing the 35℃ circulating fluid from directly causing fluctuations in the circulating fluid temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 143. At this point, the flow rate from the heating return pipe 124 to the heat exchanger 130 can be adjusted through subsequent regulation measures to keep the temperature of the coolant after heat exchange constant. This will be mentioned later.

[0087] Similarly, the buffering principle when the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122 is detected by the first temperature detection element 141 is essentially the same as the principle when the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122 suddenly changes to 35°C. It is just that the fluid first passes through the backup cooling system 160 for cooling before entering the cooling water tank. This will not be elaborated on here.

[0088] In one embodiment, the temperature detection assembly 140 further includes a fourth temperature detection element 144 and a fifth temperature detection element 145. The fourth temperature detection element 144 is disposed on the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid flowing into the heating device 121. The fifth temperature detection element 145 is disposed on the heating inlet pipe 123 and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid output from the heating device 121. The fourth temperature detection element 144 and the fifth temperature detection element 145 are electrically connected to the controller to provide feedback on the detected temperature of the circulating liquid to the controller.

[0089] The fourth temperature sensor 144 can be located at the end of the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 near the heat exchanger 130, or it can be located near the heating device 121. Alternatively, the fourth temperature sensor 144 can be located in the middle of the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 or at other locations. Ignoring heat loss in the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, the fourth temperature sensor 144 detects the temperature of the circulating liquid in the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, which is consistent with the temperature of the circulating liquid flowing out of the heat exchanger 130, and is also equal to the temperature of the circulating liquid output from the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 to the heating device 121.

[0090] The fifth temperature sensor 145 can be installed at the end of the heating inlet pipe 123 near the heating device 121, or at the end of the heating inlet pipe 123 near the heating terminal 122. Alternatively, the fifth temperature sensor 145 can be installed in the middle of the heating inlet pipe 123 or at other locations. Ignoring heat loss in the heating inlet pipe 123, the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 detected by the fifth temperature sensor 145 is consistent with the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating device 121, and is also equal to the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating inlet pipe 123 to the heating terminal 122.

[0091] Understandably, when the heating system 120 supplies heat to the user side through the heating terminal 122, it needs to provide circulating fluid at a predetermined temperature. The cooperation of the fourth temperature sensor 144 and the fifth temperature sensor 145 ensures the heating temperature of the circulating fluid while reducing energy consumption. After absorbing heat in the heat exchanger 130, the circulating fluid enters the heat exchange outlet pipe 125. The fourth temperature sensor 144 detects the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 and sends it back to the controller. The controller has pre-stored the heating temperature of the circulating fluid and compares it with the temperature detected by the fourth temperature sensor 144 to determine the on / off state of the heating device 121.

[0092] The temperature of the circulating fluid heated by the heating device 121 is detected by the fifth temperature sensor 145. If the temperature is too high, the controller controls the heating device 121 to lower the heating temperature or stop heating; if the temperature is too low, the controller controls the heating device 121 to turn on. This continues until the temperature heated by the heating device 121 meets the heating temperature requirement of the circulating fluid, ensuring that the circulating fluid can accurately supply heat to the user at the heating terminal 122, while also ensuring accurate energy consumption of the heating device 121 and avoiding energy waste. In other words, the heating device 121 can control the temperature detected by the fifth temperature sensor 145. When the heat demand at the heating terminal 122 is constant, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the first temperature sensor 141 at the heating terminal 122 can be appropriately changed.

[0093] In one embodiment, the temperature detection assembly 140 includes a sixth temperature detector 146 and a seventh temperature detector 147. The sixth temperature detector 146 is disposed on the cooling inlet pipe 112 and is used to detect the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the heat exchanger 130. The seventh temperature detector 147 is disposed on the cooling return pipe 113 and is used to detect the temperature of the coolant flowing into the heat exchanger 130. The sixth temperature detector 146 and the seventh temperature detector 147 are electrically connected to the controller to provide feedback on the detected coolant temperature to the controller.

[0094] The sixth temperature sensor 146 can be located at the end of the cooling inlet pipe 112 near the heat exchanger 130, or at the end of the cooling inlet pipe 112 near the cooling end 111. Alternatively, the sixth temperature sensor 146 can be located in the middle of the cooling inlet pipe 112 or at other locations. Ignoring energy loss in the cooling inlet pipe 112, the temperature of the coolant in the cooling inlet pipe 112 detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 is consistent with the temperature of the coolant output from the heat exchanger 130, and is also equal to the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the cooling inlet pipe 112 to the cooling end 111.

[0095] The seventh temperature sensor 147 can be located at the end of the cooling return pipe 113 near the heat exchanger 130, or at the end of the cooling return pipe 113 near the cooling terminal 111. Alternatively, the seventh temperature sensor 147 can be located in the middle of the cooling return pipe 113 or at other locations. Ignoring energy losses in the cooling return pipe 113, the temperature of the coolant in the cooling return pipe 113 detected by the seventh temperature sensor 147 is consistent with the temperature of the coolant output from the cooling terminal 111, and is also equal to the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the cooling return pipe 113 to the heat exchanger 130.

[0096] Understandably, when the liquid cooling system 110 is running stably, the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 is a constant, and the temperature of the coolant detected by the seventh temperature sensor 147 is also a constant. That is, after the coolant in the cooling inlet pipe 112 flows into the cooling terminal 111, the amount of heat absorbed from the heat source is constant, resulting in a constant temperature of the coolant flowing out of the cooling terminal 111. Simultaneously, the amount of heat dissipated by the coolant flowing from the cooling return pipe 113 to the heat exchanger 130 is also constant, thus the temperature of the coolant flowing from the heat exchanger 130 into the cooling inlet pipe 112 is a constant.

[0097] For a heat source to operate stably, it needs a constant temperature. Both excessively low and excessively high cooling temperatures at the cooling terminal 111 are detrimental to the reliable operation of the heat source. Typically, the cooling terminal 111 needs to maintain a constant cooling temperature to ensure reliable operation of the heat source at that temperature. This requires that the temperature of the coolant flowing into the cooling terminal 111 from the cooling inlet pipe 112 be constant, the temperature of the coolant flowing into the cooling return pipe 113 from the cooling terminal 111 be constant, and the amount of heat dissipated by the coolant in the heat exchanger 130 be constant. This ensures that the temperature of the coolant entering the cooling terminal 111 is constant, and the temperature of the coolant output from the cooling terminal 111 is constant, thus ensuring the constant-temperature operation of the liquid cooling system 110 and preventing temperature fluctuations in the cooling inlet pipe 112 and the cooling return pipe 113.

[0098] The coolant temperature is monitored by a sixth temperature sensor 146 and a seventh temperature sensor 147 to ensure constant temperature operation of the liquid cooling system 110. The coolant temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 is typically determined by the circulating fluid temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 143 in the heating system 120 and the flow rate of the circulating fluid supplied from the heating return pipe 124 to the heat exchanger 130. To ensure a constant coolant temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146, the circulating fluid temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 143 and the flow rate of the circulating fluid supplied from the heating return pipe 124 to the heat exchanger 130 must also be constant. When the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141 fluctuates, it is necessary to activate the standby cooling system 160 and / or adjust the circulating fluid temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 143 and the flow rate of the circulating fluid supplied from the heating return pipe 124 to the heat exchanger 130 to ensure that the heat dissipated by the coolant in the heat exchanger 130 remains constant, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the sixth temperature sensor 146 remains constant. The adjustment of the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143 and the flow rate of the circulating fluid supplied from the heating return pipe 124 to the heat exchanger 130 will be mentioned later.

[0099] In one embodiment, the heating system 120 further includes a mixing assembly 129, which connects the heating return pipe 124 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125. When the mixing assembly 129 is connected, it can introduce the circulating fluid from the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 into the heating return pipe 124. The mixing assembly 129 connects the heating return pipe 124 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, and can control the direct connection or disconnection of the heating return pipe 124 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125.

[0100] When the mixing assembly 129 disconnects the heating return pipe 124 from the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, the heating return pipe 124 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 are connected through the heat exchanger 130. At this time, the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124 absorbs heat in the heat exchanger 130 and flows into the heat exchange outlet pipe 125. When the mixing assembly 129 connects the heating return pipe 124 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, the heating return pipe 124 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 are connected not only through the heat exchanger 130 but also through the mixing assembly 129. At this time, the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124 absorbs heat in the heat exchanger 130 and flows into the heat exchange outlet pipe 125. Part of the circulating fluid in the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 flows to the heating device 121, and part flows through the mixing assembly 129 back to the heating return pipe 124, mixing with the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124 to increase the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124.

[0101] Understandably, if the temperature of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130 is too low, it will cause the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 to change, which in turn will cause fluctuations in the liquid cooling system 110, affecting the working temperature of the heat source and changing the working state of the heat source.

[0102] To this end, the waste heat recovery and utilization system 100 of the present invention adds a mixing component 129 to the heating system 120. The mixing component 129 delivers the circulating liquid after heat exchange and heat absorption to the heating return pipe 124 to increase the temperature of the circulating liquid in the heating return pipe 124, so as to avoid the temperature of the circulating liquid in the heating return pipe 124 being too low, thereby ensuring the heat exchange effect. At the same time, it reduces the influence of the temperature of the circulating liquid detected by the third temperature detector 143 on the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature detector 146.

[0103] In one embodiment, the mixing assembly 129 includes a mixing valve 1291 and a mixing branch pipe 1292. One end of the mixing branch pipe 1292 is connected to the heating return pipe 124 via the mixing valve 1291, and the other end is connected to the heat exchange outlet pipe 125. The mixing valve 1291 controls the connection or disconnection between the mixing branch pipe 1292 and the heating return pipe 124. The mixing valve 1291 is electrically connected to a controller, which controls the opening degree of the mixing valve 1291.

[0104] When the mixing valve 1291 is opened, the mixing branch pipe 1292 connects the heating return pipe 124 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125. The circulating liquid that has absorbed heat in the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 flows back to the heating return pipe 124 through the mixing branch pipe 1292, mixing with the low-temperature circulating liquid in the heating return pipe 124 to raise the temperature of the circulating liquid in the heating return pipe 124, thereby raising the temperature of the circulating liquid entering the heat exchanger 130. It is worth noting that because a second circulation pump 128 is installed between the mixing valve 1291 and the heat exchanger 130, the pressure of the second circulation pump 128 can be controlled to make the pressure of the heating return pipe 124 lower than the pressure of the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, so that the circulating liquid in the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 can flow back to the heating return pipe 124, preventing the circulating liquid in the heating return pipe 124 from only entering the mixing branch pipe 1292.

[0105] Assuming the heating system 120 operates stably, the coolant temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 reaches the target value, and the flow rates of the first circulation pump 127, the second circulation pump 128, and the third circulation pump 114 are stable. Only temperature fluctuations in the circulating fluid detected by the first temperature sensor 141 at the heating terminal 122 of the heating system 120 will cause temperature fluctuations in the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146. In other words, changes in the user-side heat demand at the heating terminal 122 will cause changes in the temperature of the coolant output by the heat exchanger 130.

[0106] The following details the adjustment process for temperature fluctuations detected by the first temperature sensor 141:

[0107] When the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the first temperature sensor 141 decreases compared to the stable operation of the heating system 120, the heat output of the heating terminal 122 is relatively large. This means that the user side consumes more heat, leading to a decrease in the temperature of the output circulating fluid. At this time, the controller first determines whether the backup cooling system 160 is on. If the backup cooling system 160 is on, the controller first controls and reduces the flow rate of the circulating fluid through the backup cold source 162 via the cooling valve 163. Simultaneously, it controls the backup cold source 162 to shut down or reduce its output cooling capacity, such as by shutting down the fan or reducing its speed. This way, the backup cooling system 160 does not cool the circulating fluid or reduces its cooling effect, ensuring that the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 remains at its original stable value, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143 remains constant. Thus, the flow rate of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130 from the heating return pipe 124 and the temperature of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130 remain unchanged, and the heat exchange state of the heat exchanger 130 remains constant.

[0108] If the backup cooling system 160 is completely shut down or gradually adjusted to be completely shut down, and the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 still decreases, then the frequency of the first circulating pump 127 can be increased, and / or the frequency of the second circulating pump 128 can be increased, and / or the mixing assembly 129 can be controlled to operate, and / or the temperature of the circulating fluid output by the heating device 121 can be increased to maintain the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 142 constant, thus keeping the detected temperature of the sixth temperature sensor 146 constant. In other words, it can be adjusted in three ways, as follows:

[0109] Adjustment Method 1: If the standby cooling system 160 is completely shut down or gradually adjusted to be completely shut down, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 still decreases. The buffer tank 126 buffers the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 outputs circulating fluid with a temperature higher than that of the heating terminal 122 to the heating return pipe 124, preventing the circulating fluid from directly affecting the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143, and thus preventing it from affecting the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146. The controller controls the mixing assembly 129 to open, connecting the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 and the heating return pipe 124 through the mixing valve 1291. This allows the circulating fluid in the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 to enter the heating return pipe 124 through the mixing branch pipe 1292, mixing with the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124 to increase the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124.

[0110] At the same time, the frequency of the second circulation pump 128 is increased to increase the flow rate of the circulating fluid delivered from the heating return pipe 124 to the heat exchanger 130. This can change the temperature of the circulating fluid when it enters the heat exchanger 130 and the average temperature when it enters and exits the heat exchanger 130, ensuring that the heat exchange temperature difference on both sides of the heat exchanger 130 remains basically unchanged, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature detection element 146 is constant.

[0111] It is worth noting that the circulating fluid velocity in heat exchanger 130 is already sufficiently high. Although the frequency increase of the second circulating pump 128 will increase the heat transfer coefficient K to some extent, the percentage increase is negligible. From the heat exchange formula Q = KAΔT on the hot and cold sides of heat exchanger 130, where Q is the heat, the heat transfer coefficient K and the heat transfer area A remain constant. The aforementioned adjustment of the mixed water flow rate can change the temperature of the circulating fluid entering heat exchanger 130 and the average temperature entering and exiting heat exchanger 130, thus ensuring that the heat exchange temperature difference ΔT on the hot and cold sides of heat exchanger 130 remains constant. Therefore, the heat transfer capacity Q on the hot and cold sides of heat exchanger 130 remains stable. Consequently, the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 is a constant value, meaning that the temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 will not fluctuate.

[0112] Adjustment Method Two: If the standby cooling system 160 is completely shut down or gradually adjusted to be completely shut down, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 still decreases. The buffer tank 126 buffers the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 outputs circulating fluid with a temperature higher than that of the heating terminal 122 to the heating return pipe 124, preventing the circulating fluid from directly affecting the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143, and thus preventing it from affecting the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146.

[0113] Understandably, the decrease in heat Q of the circulating fluid in the heating terminal 122 is equal to CMΔT, where C is the specific heat capacity of the circulating fluid, M is the mass flow rate of the circulating fluid, and ΔT is the temperature difference between the circulating fluid entering and exiting the heating terminal 122. Increasing the heat Q can increase the circulating fluid flow rate M without changing the temperature difference ΔT; alternatively, it can increase the inlet temperature of the heating terminal 122, i.e., increase the detection value of the fifth temperature sensor 145, increasing the temperature difference ΔT while maintaining the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 unchanged, without changing the circulating fluid flow rate M; furthermore, it can increase both the circulating fluid flow rate M and the temperature difference ΔT, maintaining the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 unchanged.

[0114] The adjustment method in this embodiment uses an increased temperature difference ΔT to maintain a constant detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 141. Specifically, the controller controls the first circulating pump 127 to maintain a constant operating frequency, meaning the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 flows into the heating terminal 122 at a constant flow rate. Simultaneously, the controller controls the heating device 121 to increase the heating temperature of the circulating fluid, and monitors and provides feedback in real time through the fifth temperature sensor 145 to further increase the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123. When the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 is delivered to the heating terminal 122, the heating terminal 122 provides more heat to the user side. At this time, the temperature of the circulating fluid will decrease, but because the temperature at the input side of the heating terminal 122 is relatively high, the reduced output temperature of the heating terminal 122 can maintain the temperature of the heating system 120 in a stable operating state, preventing temperature fluctuations detected by the first temperature sensor 141. At this time, the flow rate of the circulating liquid through the heat exchanger 130 and the temperature of the circulating liquid entering the heat exchanger 130 remain unchanged, which can prevent the temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 from fluctuating, so that the waste heat recovery and utilization system 100 can operate at a constant temperature.

[0115] Moreover, in this adjustment method, the mixing component 129 and the second circulation pump 128 can be omitted.

[0116] Adjustment Method 3: If the standby cooling system 160 is completely shut down or gradually adjusted to be completely shut down, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 still decreases. The buffer tank 126 buffers the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 outputs circulating fluid with a temperature higher than that of the heating terminal 122 to the heating return pipe 124, preventing the circulating fluid from directly affecting the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143, and thus preventing it from affecting the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146.

[0117] Understandably, the decrease in heat Q of the circulating fluid in the heating terminal 122 is equal to CMΔT, where C is the specific heat capacity of the circulating fluid, M is the mass flow rate of the circulating fluid, and ΔT is the temperature difference between the circulating fluid entering and exiting the heating terminal 122. Increasing the heat Q can increase the circulating fluid flow rate M without changing the temperature difference ΔT; alternatively, it can increase the inlet temperature of the heating terminal 122, i.e., increase the detection value of the fifth temperature sensor 145, increasing the temperature difference ΔT while maintaining the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 unchanged, without changing the circulating fluid flow rate M; furthermore, it can increase both the circulating fluid flow rate M and the temperature difference ΔT, maintaining the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 unchanged.

[0118] The adjustment method in this embodiment increases the flow rate of the first circulating pump 127 to maintain a constant temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141. Specifically, the controller controls the heating device 121 to maintain a constant heating temperature for the circulating liquid, and monitors and provides feedback in real time through the fifth temperature sensor 145 to ensure a constant temperature of the circulating liquid in the heating inlet pipe 123. Simultaneously, the controller increases the operating frequency of the first circulating pump 127, increasing the flow rate from the heating inlet pipe 123 to the heating terminal 122. Because the heat output from the heating terminal 122 to the user increases, maintaining a constant temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141 is sufficient to prevent temperature fluctuations.

[0119] Simultaneously, the controller can open the mixing valve 1291 of the mixing assembly 129, allowing the increased flow portion of the circulating liquid in the heating return pipe 124 to enter the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 through the mixing pipe, bypassing the heat exchanger 130 and directly entering the heating device 121. The remaining circulating liquid in the heating return pipe 124 then enters the heat exchanger 130 for heat exchange before entering the heat exchange device. At this time, the flow rate of the circulating liquid passing through the heat exchanger 130 and the temperature of the circulating liquid entering the heat exchanger 130 remain unchanged, preventing temperature fluctuations detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 and ensuring constant temperature operation of the waste heat recovery system 100.

[0120] Moreover, in this adjustment method, the second circulation pump 128 can be omitted.

[0121] Similarly, when the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 increases relative to the stable operation of the heating system 120, the heat output of the heating terminal 122 is smaller. In other words, less heat is consumed on the user side, leading to an increase in the temperature of the output circulating fluid. At this time, by reducing the frequency of the first circulation pump 127, and / or reducing the frequency of the second circulation pump 128, and / or reducing the temperature of the circulating fluid output by the heating device 121, the detected temperature value of the second temperature sensor 142 is kept constant, thus keeping the detected temperature of the sixth temperature sensor 146 constant. Two methods for adjusting the temperature of the second temperature sensor 142 are given here. Details are as follows:

[0122] Adjustment Method 1: The buffer tank 126 buffers the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 outputs circulating fluid to the heating return pipe 124 at a temperature lower than that of the heating terminal 122, preventing the circulating fluid from directly affecting the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143, and thus preventing it from affecting the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146. The controller controls the first circulating pump 127 to maintain a constant operating frequency, that is, the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 maintains a constant flow rate into the heating terminal 122. At the same time, the controller controls the heating device 121 to reduce the heating temperature of the circulating fluid, and monitors and provides feedback in real time through the fifth temperature sensor 145 to reduce the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 (the principle of which has been mentioned above and will not be repeated here). When the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 is delivered to the heating terminal 122, the heating terminal 122 provides less heat to the user side. At this time, the temperature of the circulating fluid will drop. However, since the heating terminal 122 outputs less heat, the temperature output by the heating terminal 122 after the temperature drop can maintain the temperature of the heating system 120 in a stable operating state, avoid the temperature detected by the first temperature detection element 141 from fluctuating, and thus ensure that the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature detection element 142 is constant.

[0123] If lowering the heating temperature of the heating device 121 fails to maintain a constant temperature for the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 (i.e., the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 remains too high), it indicates that the heat load of the liquid cooling system 110 exceeds the heat demand of the user side at the heating terminal 122. In this case, the backup cooling system 160 is activated to cool the circulating fluid. The controller controls the cooling valve 163 to open and increases the flow rate of the circulating fluid through the backup cold source 162. Simultaneously, the controller activates the backup cold source 162 or increases its cooling output, such as by controlling the fan to start or increasing its speed. This lowers the temperature of the circulating fluid, ensuring a constant temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 142.

[0124] It is worth noting that the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 is constant, and correspondingly, the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 143 will not fluctuate. Consequently, the flow rate of the circulating fluid passing through the heat exchanger 130 and the temperature of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130 remain unchanged, which can prevent the temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 from fluctuating, thus enabling the waste heat recovery system 100 to operate at a constant temperature.

[0125] Adjustment Method Two: The buffer tank 126 buffers the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 outputs circulating fluid to the heating return pipe 124 at a temperature lower than that of the heating terminal 122, preventing the circulating fluid from directly affecting the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143, and thus preventing it from affecting the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146. The controller controls the heating device 121 to maintain a constant heating temperature for the circulating fluid, and monitors and provides feedback in real time through the fifth temperature sensor 145 to ensure a constant temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123. Simultaneously, the controller controls the operating frequency of the first circulation pump 127 to decrease, reducing the flow rate from the heating inlet pipe 123 to the heating terminal 122 (the principle of which has been mentioned above and will not be repeated here). Because the heat output from the heating terminal 122 to the user is reduced, as long as the flow rate of the first circulation pump 127 is reduced, the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141 can be kept constant, preventing fluctuations in the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141, and thus ensuring a constant temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142.

[0126] If reducing the operating frequency of the first circulating pump 127 fails to maintain a constant temperature in the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 (i.e., the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 142 remains too high), it indicates that the heat load of the heating system 120 exceeds the heat demand of the user side at the heating terminal 122. In this case, the backup cooling system 160 is activated to cool the circulating fluid. The controller controls the cooling valve 163 to open and increases the flow rate of the circulating fluid through the backup cold source 162. Simultaneously, the controller activates the backup cold source 162 or increases its cooling output, such as by controlling the fan to start or increasing its speed. This lowers the temperature of the circulating fluid, ensuring a constant temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 142.

[0127] It is worth noting that the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 is constant, and correspondingly, the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 143 will not fluctuate. Consequently, the flow rate of the circulating fluid passing through the heat exchanger 130 and the temperature of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130 remain unchanged, which can prevent the temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 from fluctuating, thus enabling the waste heat recovery system 100 to operate at a constant temperature.

[0128] In one embodiment, the waste heat recovery system 100 further includes a pressure detection component 150, which includes a first pressure detection element 151 and a second pressure detection element 152. The first pressure detection element 151 and the second pressure detection element 152 are respectively disposed on both sides of the third circulation pump 114, and are used to detect the pressure difference between the two sides of the third circulation pump 114. The first pressure detection element 151 detects the pressure value on one side of the third circulation pump 114, and the second pressure detection element 152 detects the pressure value on the other side of the third circulation pump 114. The pressure difference is calculated using the difference between the first pressure detection element 151 and the second pressure detection element 152. The constant pressure control mentioned above refers to maintaining a constant pressure difference between the first pressure detection element 151 and the second pressure detection element 152.

[0129] The constant pressure difference value is determined by the coolant temperature values ​​detected by the fifth temperature sensor 145 and the sixth temperature sensor 146. It is understandable that the operating frequency of the third circulation pump 114 determines the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor 151 and the second pressure sensor 152, i.e., the coolant circulation pressure drop, which is directly proportional to the coolant flow rate. The sixth temperature sensor 146 corresponds to the supply temperature of the liquid cooling system 110, i.e., the temperature of the coolant output from the heat exchanger 130, and the seventh temperature sensor 147 corresponds to the return temperature of the liquid cooling system 110, i.e., the temperature of the coolant output from the cooling terminal 111. Generally, the supply and return temperature difference is controlled between 5℃ and 10℃, and the supply and return temperature difference is inversely proportional to the coolant flow rate. Therefore, the constant pressure difference when the liquid cooling system 110 is stable can be inferred from the temperatures detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 and the seventh temperature sensor 147. Then, by adjusting the frequency of the third circulation pump 114 and changing the flow rate of the third circulation pump 114, the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor 151 and the second pressure sensor 152 can be kept constant, thereby achieving constant pressure control of the liquid cooling system 110.

[0130] Optionally, the first temperature sensing element 141, the second temperature sensing element 142, the third temperature sensing element 143, the fourth temperature sensing element 144, the fifth temperature sensing element 145, the sixth temperature sensing element 146, and the seventh temperature sensing element 147 can be temperature sensors or other components capable of temperature detection. Optionally, the first pressure sensing element 151 and the second pressure sensing element 1521 can be pressure sensors or other components capable of pressure detection.

[0131] In one embodiment, the cooling terminal 111 is cooled using a two-phase immersion liquid cooling system, a single-phase immersion liquid cooling system, or a liquid cooling plate such as a water-cooled plate. If the cooling terminal 111 is a two-phase immersion liquid cooling system, the heat source is immersed in a phase-changeable insulating cooling medium, and the cooling medium absorbs heat and evaporates into coolant vapor. Exemplarily, the coolant circulating in the liquid cooling system 110 is cooling water. The lower-temperature cooling water enters the cooling terminal 111 of the liquid cooling system 110 to absorb heat and cool the coolant vapor. After absorbing heat, it becomes higher-temperature cooling water and flows out of the cooling terminal 111 to the heat exchanger 130. If the cooling terminal 111 is water-cooled, the circulating cooling water of the heat source directly transfers the heat generated by the heat source to the heat exchanger 130. If the cooling terminal 111 is a single-phase immersion liquid cooling system, the single-phase circulating coolant of the heat source directly transfers the heat generated by the heat source to the heat exchanger 130. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the cooling terminal 111 may also be other heat exchange components capable of transferring the heat generated by the heat source to the heat exchanger 130.

[0132] The waste heat recovery system 100 of the present invention recovers heat from the heat source through the coolant in the cooling terminal 111 and delivers it to the heat exchanger 130. At the same time, the circulating liquid of the heating system 120 enters the heating return pipe 124 from the heating terminal 122, and first exchanges heat with the coolant of the liquid cooling system 110 through the heat exchanger 130 to preheat the circulating liquid before entering the heating device 121 for heating. The heated circulating liquid then enters the heating terminal 122 to provide heating to the user side, thereby realizing the recovery of heat emitted by the heat source. Meanwhile, the circulating liquid is cooled by the backup cooling system 160 to prevent the temperature of the circulating liquid entering the heat exchanger 130 from being too high. Furthermore, the waste heat recovery and utilization system 100 of the present invention utilizes the temperature detection component 140 and the pressure detection component 150 in conjunction with the first circulation pump 127, the second circulation pump 128, the third circulation pump 114, the mixing component 129, the buffer water tank 126, and the heating device 121 to achieve constant temperature and flow rate of the coolant in the cooling inlet pipe 112 of the liquid cooling system 110, thereby achieving constant temperature and pressure control.

[0133] The present invention also provides a control method for a waste heat recovery and utilization system 100, comprising the following steps:

[0134] The coolant in the liquid cooling system 110 absorbs heat from the heat source through the cooling terminal 111 and then enters the heat exchanger 130 through the cooling return pipe 113.

[0135] The circulating fluid in the heating system 120 enters the heat exchanger 130 through the standby cooling system 160 and the heating return pipe 124, and after exchanging heat with the coolant, the circulating fluid enters the heating device 121 through the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, and the coolant enters the cooling terminal 111 through the cooling inlet pipe 112.

[0136] The circulating liquid, heated by the heating device 121, enters the heating terminal 122 through the heating inlet pipe 123, and flows into the heating return pipe 124 after heating.

[0137] When the waste heat recovery and utilization system 100 of the present invention is running, the coolant flows from the cooling inlet pipe 112 into the cooling terminal 111, absorbs heat from the heat source through the cooling terminal 111, and flows into the heat exchanger 130 through the cooling return pipe 113 to exchange heat with the circulating liquid of the heating system 120. The cooled liquid after heat exchange flows back to the cooling inlet pipe 112. At the same time, the circulating liquid flows from the heating inlet pipe 123 into the heating terminal 122, and supplies heat to the user side through the heating terminal 122. After heating, the circulating liquid flows into the heat exchanger 130 through the standby cooling system 160 and the heating return pipe 124 to exchange heat with the coolant of the liquid cooling system 110. The circulating liquid after absorbing heat flows back to the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, and is then transported to the heating device 121. After being heated by the heating device 121, it is transported back to the heating inlet pipe 123 to achieve continuous heating to the user side.

[0138] In one embodiment, the heating return pipe 124 has a first temperature sensor 141 at its end near the heating terminal 122, the backup cooling system 160 has a second temperature sensor 142 at its end, the cooling inlet pipe 112 has a sixth temperature sensor 146 at its end near the heat exchanger 130, a mixing assembly 129 is provided between the heating return pipe 124 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 125, and a first circulation pump 127 is provided on the heating inlet pipe 123; a buffer water tank 126 and a second circulation pump 128 are also provided on the heating return pipe 124; the control method further includes a first temperature adjustment step, which includes:

[0139] The detection temperatures of the first temperature detection element 141, the second temperature detection element 142, and the sixth temperature detection element 146 are obtained;

[0140] When the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141 decreases, it is determined whether the backup cooling system 160 is turned on.

[0141] If so, reduce the flow rate of the circulating fluid through the backup cooling system 160, and at the same time, control the backup cooling system 160 not to cool the circulating fluid, keep the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor 142 constant, and keep the detection temperature of the sixth temperature sensor 146 constant.

[0142] The controller controls the first temperature sensor 141, the second temperature sensor 142, and the sixth temperature sensor 146 to monitor the temperature in real time. This is to determine whether the temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 is constant and whether its detected temperature has decreased, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 remains constant. When the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 decreases, the controller reduces the flow rate of the circulating fluid through the backup cold source 162 via the cooling valve 163. Simultaneously, it controls the backup cold source 162 to shut down or reduce its output cooling capacity, such as by shutting down the fan or reducing its speed. In this way, the backup cooling system 160 does not cool the circulating fluid, allowing the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 to remain at its original stable value, thus ensuring that the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143 remains constant. Therefore, the flow rate of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130 from the heating return pipe 124 and the temperature of the circulating fluid entering the heat exchanger 130 remain unchanged, and the heat exchange state of the heat exchanger 130 remains constant.

[0143] In one embodiment, the first temperature adjustment step further includes the following steps:

[0144] Obtain the detection temperature of the second temperature detection element 142;

[0145] If the backup cooling system 160 is shut down or gradually shut down, the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor 142 will decrease.

[0146] Increase the frequency of the first circulation pump 127, and / or increase the frequency of the second circulation pump 128, and / or control the operation of the mixing assembly 129, and / or increase the temperature of the circulating liquid output by the heating device 121, so as to keep the detection temperature value of the second temperature sensor 142 constant and keep the detection temperature of the sixth temperature sensor 146 constant.

[0147] If the backup cooling system 160 is completely shut down or gradually adjusted to be completely shut down, and the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 still decreases, then the frequency of the first circulating pump 127 can be increased, and / or the frequency of the second circulating pump 128 can be increased, and / or the mixing assembly 129 can be controlled to operate, and / or the temperature of the circulating fluid output by the heating device 121 can be increased to maintain the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 142 constant, thus keeping the detected temperature of the sixth temperature sensor 146 constant. In other words, it can be adjusted in three ways, as follows:

[0148] Adjustment Method 1: If the standby cooling system 160 is completely shut down or gradually adjusted to be completely shut down, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 still decreases. The buffer tank 126 buffers the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 outputs circulating fluid with a temperature higher than that of the heating terminal 122 to the heating return pipe 124, preventing the circulating fluid from directly affecting the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143, and thus preventing it from affecting the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146. The controller controls the mixing assembly 129 to open, connecting the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 and the heating return pipe 124 through the mixing valve 1291. This allows the circulating fluid in the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 to enter the heating return pipe 124 through the mixing branch pipe 1292, mixing with the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124 to increase the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124.

[0149] At the same time, the frequency of the second circulation pump 128 is increased to increase the flow rate of the circulating fluid delivered from the heating return pipe 124 to the heat exchanger 130. This can change the temperature of the circulating fluid when it enters the heat exchanger 130 and the average temperature when it enters and exits the heat exchanger 130, ensuring that the heat exchange temperature difference on both sides of the heat exchanger 130 remains basically unchanged, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature detection element 146 is constant.

[0150] It is worth noting that the circulating fluid velocity in heat exchanger 130 is already sufficiently high. Although the frequency increase of the second circulating pump 128 will increase the heat transfer coefficient K to some extent, the percentage increase is negligible. From the heat exchange formula Q = KAΔT on the hot and cold sides of heat exchanger 130, where Q is the heat, the heat transfer coefficient K and the heat transfer area A remain constant. The aforementioned adjustment of the mixed water flow rate can change the temperature of the circulating fluid entering heat exchanger 130 and the average temperature entering and exiting heat exchanger 130, thus ensuring that the heat exchange temperature difference ΔT on the hot and cold sides of heat exchanger 130 remains constant. Therefore, the heat transfer capacity Q on the hot and cold sides of heat exchanger 130 remains stable. Consequently, the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 is a constant value, meaning that the temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 will not fluctuate.

[0151] Adjustment Method Two: If the standby cooling system 160 is completely shut down or gradually adjusted to be completely shut down, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 still decreases. The buffer tank 126 buffers the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 outputs circulating fluid with a temperature higher than that of the heating terminal 122 to the heating return pipe 124, preventing the circulating fluid from directly affecting the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143, and thus preventing it from affecting the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146.

[0152] Understandably, the decrease in heat Q of the circulating fluid in the heating terminal 122 is equal to CMΔT, where C is the specific heat capacity of the circulating fluid, M is the mass flow rate of the circulating fluid, and ΔT is the temperature difference between the circulating fluid entering and exiting the heating terminal 122. Increasing the heat Q can increase the circulating fluid flow rate M without changing the temperature difference ΔT; alternatively, it can increase the inlet temperature of the heating terminal 122, i.e., increase the detection value of the fifth temperature sensor 145, increasing the temperature difference ΔT while maintaining the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 unchanged, without changing the circulating fluid flow rate M; furthermore, it can increase both the circulating fluid flow rate M and the temperature difference ΔT, maintaining the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 unchanged.

[0153] The adjustment method in this embodiment uses an increased temperature difference ΔT to maintain a constant detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 141. Specifically, the controller controls the first circulating pump 127 to maintain a constant operating frequency, meaning the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 flows into the heating terminal 122 at a constant flow rate. Simultaneously, the controller controls the heating device 121 to increase the heating temperature of the circulating fluid, and monitors and provides feedback in real time through the fifth temperature sensor 145 to further increase the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123. When the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 is delivered to the heating terminal 122, the heating terminal 122 provides more heat to the user side. At this time, the temperature of the circulating fluid will decrease, but because the temperature at the input side of the heating terminal 122 is relatively high, the reduced output temperature of the heating terminal 122 can maintain the temperature of the heating system 120 in a stable operating state, preventing temperature fluctuations detected by the first temperature sensor 141. At this time, the flow rate of the circulating liquid through the heat exchanger 130 and the temperature of the circulating liquid entering the heat exchanger 130 remain unchanged, which can prevent the temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 from fluctuating, so that the waste heat recovery and utilization system 100 can operate at a constant temperature.

[0154] Adjustment Method 3: If the standby cooling system 160 is completely shut down or gradually adjusted to be completely shut down, the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 still decreases. The buffer tank 126 buffers the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 outputs circulating fluid with a temperature higher than that of the heating terminal 122 to the heating return pipe 124, preventing the circulating fluid from directly affecting the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143, and thus preventing it from affecting the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146.

[0155] Understandably, the decrease in heat Q of the circulating fluid in the heating terminal 122 is equal to CMΔT, where C is the specific heat capacity of the circulating fluid, M is the mass flow rate of the circulating fluid, and ΔT is the temperature difference between the circulating fluid entering and exiting the heating terminal 122. Increasing the heat Q can increase the circulating fluid flow rate M without changing the temperature difference ΔT; alternatively, it can increase the inlet temperature of the heating terminal 122, i.e., increase the detection value of the fifth temperature sensor 145, increasing the temperature difference ΔT while maintaining the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 unchanged, without changing the circulating fluid flow rate M; furthermore, it can increase both the circulating fluid flow rate M and the temperature difference ΔT, maintaining the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 unchanged.

[0156] The adjustment method in this embodiment increases the flow rate of the first circulating pump 127 to maintain a constant temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141. Specifically, the controller controls the heating device 121 to maintain a constant heating temperature for the circulating liquid, and monitors and provides feedback in real time through the fifth temperature sensor 145 to ensure a constant temperature of the circulating liquid in the heating inlet pipe 123. Simultaneously, the controller increases the operating frequency of the first circulating pump 127, increasing the flow rate from the heating inlet pipe 123 to the heating terminal 122. Because the heat output from the heating terminal 122 to the user increases, maintaining a constant temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141 is sufficient to prevent temperature fluctuations.

[0157] Simultaneously, the controller can open the mixing valve 1291 of the mixing assembly 129, allowing the increased flow portion of the circulating liquid in the heating return pipe 124 to enter the heat exchange outlet pipe 125 through the mixing pipe, bypassing the heat exchanger 130 and directly entering the heating device 121. The remaining circulating liquid in the heating return pipe 124 then enters the heat exchanger 130 for heat exchange before entering the heat exchange device. At this time, the flow rate of the circulating liquid passing through the heat exchanger 130 and the temperature of the circulating liquid entering the heat exchanger 130 remain unchanged, preventing temperature fluctuations detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 and ensuring constant temperature operation of the waste heat recovery system 100.

[0158] In one embodiment, the control method further includes a second temperature regulation step, which includes:

[0159] The detection temperatures of the first temperature detection element 141, the second temperature detection element 142, and the sixth temperature detection element 146 are obtained;

[0160] When the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 increases, the frequency of the first circulation pump 127 is reduced, and / or the frequency of the second circulation pump 128 is reduced, and / or the temperature of the circulating liquid output by the heating device 121 is reduced, so as to keep the detected temperature value of the second temperature sensor 142 unchanged and keep the detected temperature of the sixth temperature sensor 146 constant.

[0161] The controller controls the first temperature sensor 141, the second temperature sensor 142, and the sixth temperature sensor 146 to monitor the temperature in real time, determining whether the temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 is constant and whether the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 has increased, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 remains constant. When the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 141 increases, the frequency of the first circulation pump 127 is reduced, and / or the frequency of the second circulation pump 128 is reduced, and / or the temperature of the circulating fluid output by the heating device 121 is reduced, to maintain the detected temperature value of the second temperature sensor 142 unchanged, thus keeping the detected temperature of the sixth temperature sensor 146 constant. Two methods for adjusting the temperature of the second temperature sensor 142 are given here. Details are as follows:

[0162] Adjustment Method 1: The buffer tank 126 buffers the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 outputs circulating fluid to the heating return pipe 124 at a temperature lower than that of the heating terminal 122, preventing the circulating fluid from directly affecting the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143, and thus preventing it from affecting the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146. The controller controls the first circulating pump 127 to maintain a constant operating frequency, that is, the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 maintains a constant flow rate into the heating terminal 122. At the same time, the controller controls the heating device 121 to reduce the heating temperature of the circulating fluid, and monitors and provides feedback in real time through the fifth temperature sensor 145 to reduce the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 (the principle of which has been mentioned above and will not be repeated here). When the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123 is delivered to the heating terminal 122, the heating terminal 122 provides less heat to the user side. At this time, the temperature of the circulating fluid will drop. However, since the heating terminal 122 outputs less heat, the temperature output by the heating terminal 122 after the temperature drop can maintain the temperature of the heating system 120 in a stable operating state, avoid the temperature detected by the first temperature detection element 141 from fluctuating, and thus ensure that the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature detection element 142 is constant.

[0163] Adjustment Method Two: The buffer tank 126 buffers the temperature of the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal 122. The buffer tank 126 outputs circulating fluid to the heating return pipe 124 at a temperature lower than that of the heating terminal 122, preventing the circulating fluid from directly affecting the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the third temperature sensor 143, and thus preventing it from affecting the temperature of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146. The controller controls the heating device 121 to maintain a constant heating temperature for the circulating fluid, and monitors and provides feedback in real time through the fifth temperature sensor 145 to ensure a constant temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe 123. Simultaneously, the controller controls the operating frequency of the first circulation pump 127 to decrease, reducing the flow rate from the heating inlet pipe 123 to the heating terminal 122 (the principle of which has been mentioned above and will not be repeated here). Because the heat output from the heating terminal 122 to the user is reduced, as long as the flow rate of the first circulation pump 127 is reduced, the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141 can be kept constant, preventing fluctuations in the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 141, and thus ensuring a constant temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142.

[0164] In one embodiment, the second temperature adjustment step further includes the following steps:

[0165] Obtain the detection temperature of the second temperature detection element 142;

[0166] If the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 142 increases, the backup cooling system 160 is activated to reduce the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe 124, so as to keep the detected temperature value of the second temperature sensor 142 constant and keep the detected temperature of the sixth temperature sensor 146 constant.

[0167] If lowering the heating temperature of the heating device 121 or reducing the operating frequency of the first circulating pump 127 still fails to maintain a constant temperature in the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142, meaning the temperature of the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142 remains too high, then the heat load of the liquid cooling system 110 exceeds the heat demand of the user side at the heating terminal 122. In this case, the backup cooling system 160 is activated to cool the circulating fluid. The controller controls the cooling valve 163 to open and increases the flow rate of the circulating fluid through the backup cold source 162. Simultaneously, the controller activates the backup cold source 162 or increases its cooling output, such as by controlling the fan to start or increasing its speed. This lowers the temperature of the circulating fluid, ensuring a constant temperature in the circulating fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 142.

[0168] In one embodiment, the cooling inlet pipe 112 has a sixth temperature sensor 146 at its end near the heat exchanger 130, and the cooling return pipe 113 has a seventh temperature sensor 147 at its end near the heat exchanger 130. The cooling inlet pipe 112 has a third circulation pump 114 and a first pressure sensor 151 and a second pressure sensor 152 disposed at both ends of the third circulation pump 114. The control method further includes a constant pressure regulation step, which includes:

[0169] The detection temperatures of the sixth temperature sensor 146 and the seventh temperature sensor 147 are obtained, and the pressure difference value of the coolant in the liquid cooling system 110 is determined based on the detection temperatures.

[0170] The frequency of the third circulation pump 114 is adjusted according to the pressure difference value to keep the pressure difference between the first pressure detection element 151 and the second pressure detection element 152 constant.

[0171] The controller acquires the detected temperatures of the sixth temperature sensor 146 and the seventh temperature sensor 147, determines the constant pressure difference value based on the temperature values ​​of the coolant detected by the sixth temperature sensor 146 and the seventh temperature sensor 147, and then changes the flow rate of the third circulation pump 114 by adjusting the frequency of the third circulation pump 114, so that the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor 151 and the second pressure sensor 152 is constant, thereby realizing constant pressure control of the liquid cooling system 110.

[0172] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0173] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A waste heat recovery system characterized by ,include: A liquid cooling system includes a cooling terminal, a cooling inlet pipe and a cooling return pipe connecting the cooling terminal, for the flow of coolant; A heating system includes a heating device, a heating terminal, a heating inlet pipe, a heating return pipe, and a heat exchange outlet pipe. The heating inlet pipe connects the heating device to the heating terminal, the heating return pipe connects the heating terminal to the heat exchange outlet pipe, and the heat exchange outlet pipe is connected to the heating device to allow circulating fluid to flow. A heat exchanger connects the cooling inlet pipe and the cooling return pipe of the liquid cooling system, and connects the heating return pipe and the heat exchange outlet pipe of the heating system, enabling heat exchange between the coolant of the liquid cooling system and the circulating fluid of the heating system; and A backup cooling system is located between the heating terminal and the heat exchanger and connected to the heating return pipe. The backup cooling system can be turned on or off. When the backup cooling system is turned on, it can cool the circulating liquid in the heating return pipe from the heating terminal so that the cooled circulating liquid enters the heat exchanger. When the backup cooling system is turned off, the circulating liquid output from the heating terminal enters the heat exchanger through the heating return pipe. The heating system further includes a buffer water tank, which is installed on the heating return pipe and located between the standby cooling system and the heat exchanger. The buffer water tank is used to buffer and store the circulating fluid at the heating terminal, so as to neutralize the temperature fluctuations in the circulating fluid output from the heating terminal with the temperature-unfluid circulating fluid in the buffer water tank. The heating system also includes a mixing assembly, which is located between the buffer tank and the heat exchanger and connects the heating return pipe and the heat exchange outlet pipe. When the mixing assembly is connected, it can introduce the circulating liquid of the heat exchange outlet pipe into the heating return pipe between the buffer tank and the heat exchanger.

2. The waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein The backup cooling system includes a backup cooling pipe and a backup cold source, wherein the backup cooling pipe is connected to the backup cold source and the heating return pipe.

3. The waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The backup cold source includes one or more combinations of fans, cooling towers, and dry coolers; The backup cooling system also includes a cooling valve, the opening of which can be adjusted and controlled. The cooling valve is located on the backup cooling pipe and is used to connect the backup cooling pipe to the heating return pipe.

4. The waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery and utilization system further includes a temperature detection component, which includes a first temperature detection element, a second temperature detection element, and a third temperature detection element. The first temperature detection element is used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid flowing out of the heating terminal, the second temperature detection element is used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid flowing out of the standby cooling system, and the third temperature detection element is used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid flowing into the heat exchanger.

5. The waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 4, characterized in that... The temperature detection component further includes a fourth temperature detection element and a fifth temperature detection element. The fourth temperature detection element is used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid flowing into the heating device, and the fifth temperature detection element is used to detect the temperature of the circulating liquid output by the heating device.

6. The waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature detection assembly includes a sixth temperature detection element and a seventh temperature detection element. The sixth temperature detection element is used to detect the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the heat exchanger, and the seventh temperature detection element is used to detect the temperature of the coolant flowing into the heat exchanger.

7. The waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing assembly includes a mixing valve and a mixing branch pipe. One end of the mixing branch pipe is connected to the heating return pipe via the mixing valve, and the other end of the mixing branch pipe is connected to the heat exchange outlet pipe. The mixing valve controls the connection or disconnection between the mixing branch pipe and the heating return pipe.

8. The waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating system also includes a first circulation pump, a second circulation pump, and a third circulation pump; The first circulation pump is used to control the flow rate of the circulating fluid in the heating inlet pipe, the second circulation pump is used to control the flow rate of the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe, and the third circulation pump is used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the cooling inlet pipe.

9. The waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery and utilization system also includes a pressure detection component, which includes a first pressure detection element and a second pressure detection element. The first pressure detection element and the second pressure detection element are used to detect the pressure difference on both sides of the third circulation pump.

10. The waste heat recovery and utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The cooling terminal is a two-phase immersion liquid cooler, a single-phase immersion liquid cooler, or a water cooler.

11. A control method for a waste heat recovery and utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: In a liquid cooling system, the coolant absorbs heat from the heat source at the cooling terminal and then enters the heat exchanger through the cooling return pipe. The circulating fluid in the heating system enters the heat exchanger through the standby cooling system and the heating return pipe, and after exchanging heat with the coolant, the circulating fluid enters the heating device through the heat exchange outlet pipe, and the coolant enters the cooling terminal through the cooling inlet pipe. The circulating liquid, heated by the heating device, enters the heating terminal through the heating inlet pipe and flows into the heating return pipe after heating.

12. The control method for the waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 11, characterized in that, A first temperature sensor is provided between the heating return pipe and the standby cooling system; a second temperature sensor is provided at the end of the standby cooling system; a sixth temperature sensor is provided on the cooling inlet pipe; a mixing assembly is provided between the heating return pipe and the heat exchange outlet pipe; a first circulation pump is provided on the heating inlet pipe; a buffer water tank and a second circulation pump are also provided on the heating return pipe; the control method further includes a first temperature adjustment step, which includes: The detected temperatures of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the sixth temperature sensor are obtained; When the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor decreases, it is determined whether the backup cooling system is turned on. If so, reduce the flow rate of the circulating fluid through the backup cooling system, and at the same time, control the backup cooling system not to cool the circulating fluid, so as to keep the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor constant and the detection temperature of the sixth temperature sensor constant.

13. The control method for the waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 12, characterized in that... The first temperature adjustment step further includes the following steps: Obtain the detection temperature of the second temperature detection element; If the backup cooling system is shut down or gradually shut down, the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor decreases; Increase the frequency of the first circulating pump, and / or increase the frequency of the second circulating pump, and / or control the operation of the mixing assembly, and / or increase the temperature of the circulating liquid output by the heating device, so as to keep the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor constant, and make the detection temperature of the sixth temperature sensor constant.

14. The control method for the waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The control method further includes a second temperature regulation step, the second temperature regulation step including: The detected temperatures of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the sixth temperature sensor are obtained; When the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor increases, the frequency of the first circulation pump is reduced, and / or the frequency of the second circulation pump is reduced, and / or the temperature of the circulating liquid output by the heating device is reduced, so as to keep the detected temperature value of the second temperature sensor unchanged, and keep the detected temperature of the sixth temperature sensor constant.

15. The control method for the waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The second temperature adjustment step also includes the following steps: Obtain the detection temperature of the second temperature detection element; If the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor increases, the backup cooling system is activated to lower the temperature of the circulating fluid in the heating return pipe, so as to keep the detected temperature value of the second temperature sensor constant and keep the detected temperature of the sixth temperature sensor constant.

16. The control method for the waste heat recovery and utilization system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The cooling inlet pipe has a sixth temperature sensor, the cooling return pipe has a seventh temperature sensor, the cooling inlet pipe has a third circulation pump, and a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are disposed at both ends of the third circulation pump; the control method further includes a constant pressure adjustment step, the constant pressure adjustment step including: The detection temperatures of the sixth and seventh temperature sensors are obtained, and the pressure difference value of the coolant in the liquid cooling system is determined based on the detection temperatures. The frequency of the third circulation pump is adjusted according to the pressure difference value to keep the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor constant.

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