Low-temperature energy-saving high-reliability transformer

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-temperature, energy-saving, and highly reliable transformer in the field of transformer technology, comprising: a cooling oil tank, the inner cavity of which is filled with transformer oil, and the transformer placed in the inner cavity of the cooling oil tank and immersed in the transformer oil; and a cooling mechanism, which includes a refrigeration device installed at the bottom of the cooling oil tank. This invention uses circulating heat exchange pipes to drive the transformer oil injected into the circulating heat exchange pipes to circulate. The refrigeration device and cooling pipes cool the circulating transformer oil. The cooled transformer oil then exchanges heat with the transformer oil injected into the inner cavity of the cooling oil tank, thereby cooling the transformer and keeping it in a low-temperature operating state. By reducing the operating temperature, the transformer load loss is reduced, the transformer lifespan is increased, and safety hazards are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer technology, specifically to a low-temperature, energy-saving, and highly reliable transformer. Background Technology

[0002] A transformer is a device that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to change alternating current voltage. Its main components are the primary coil, the secondary coil, and the iron core (magnetic core).

[0003] Currently, transformers are fundamental equipment for power transmission and distribution, widely used in industry, agriculture, transportation, urban communities, and other fields. As of the end of 2020, there were approximately 17 million transformers in operation in my country, with a total capacity of approximately 11 billion kilovolt-amperes.

[0004] Transformers are typically designed for a lifespan of 20 years, but often fail before reaching that lifespan due to excessively high operating temperatures, resulting in significant resource waste and safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-temperature, energy-saving, and highly reliable transformer to solve the problem mentioned in the background art above. Typically, transformers are designed for a lifespan of 20 years, but often fail before reaching the designed lifespan due to excessively high operating temperatures, resulting in significant resource waste and safety hazards.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-temperature, energy-saving, and highly reliable transformer, comprising:

[0007] A cooling oil tank, the inner cavity of which is filled with transformer oil, and the transformer is placed in the inner cavity of the cooling oil tank and immersed in the transformer oil;

[0008] The cooling mechanism includes a refrigeration device installed at the bottom of the cooling oil tank and a cooling pipe installed in the inner cavity of the refrigeration device and in contact with the refrigeration mechanism on the refrigeration device. The two ends of the cooling pipe pass through the two sides of the refrigeration device.

[0009] A circulating heat exchange tube is installed inside the cooling oil tank and in contact with the transformer oil. Both ends of the circulating heat exchange tube penetrate the side wall of the cooling oil tank and are connected to both ends of the cooling pipe. The inner cavity of the circulating heat exchange tube is in communication with the inner cavity of the cooling pipe.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a vacuum insulation box, which includes an insulation box installed outside the cooling oil tank, the cooling mechanism and the circulating heat exchange tube, a vacuum pump installed on the exhaust port of the insulation box and communicating with the inner cavity of the insulation box, and a pressure sensor installed on the top of the side wall of the insulation box and penetrating the side wall of the inner cavity of the insulation box.

[0011] Preferably, a support plate is evenly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the insulated box, and the support plate is a non-thermal conductive support plate.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a first top cover assembly, the first top cover assembly including a first top cover installed on the top of the insulated box, a first insert block disposed at the bottom edge of the first top cover and inserted into the inner cavity of the insulated box, and a first sealing strip embedded on the outer wall of the first insert block and in contact with the side wall of the inner cavity of the insulated box.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling oil tank includes a box body placed inside the insulation box and mounting holes evenly formed on the outer wall of the box body and communicating with the inner cavity of the box body.

[0014] Preferably, the refrigeration device includes a base plate installed on top of the support plate, a support block disposed on the top side of the base plate and connected to the bottom of the housing, and a refrigeration plate embedded in the top of the base plate and in contact with the cooling pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the circulating heat exchange tube includes a first pipe installed on the outlet of the cooling tube, an oil pump installed on the outlet of the first pipe, a second pipe installed on the outlet of the oil pump, a heat exchange tube installed on the outlet of the second pipe and installed in the inner cavity of the box through a mounting hole, and a third pipe installed on the outlet of the heat exchange tube and connected to the inlet of the cooling tube.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes a second top cover assembly, the second top cover assembly including a second top cover installed on the top of the box body, a second insert block disposed at the bottom edge of the second top cover and inserted into the inner cavity of the box body, a second sealing strip embedded on the outer wall of the second insert block and in contact with the side wall of the inner cavity of the box body, and a wire channel disposed on the top of the second top cover, penetrating the bottom of the second top cover and communicating with the inner cavity of the box body.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This low-temperature energy-saving and high-reliability transformer uses a circulating heat exchange tube to drive the transformer oil injected into the circulating heat exchange tube to circulate. The circulating transformer oil is cooled by a refrigeration device and a cooling pipe. The cooled transformer oil exchanges heat with the transformer oil injected into the cooling tank cavity, and the transformer is cooled by the heat-exchanged transformer oil, so that the transformer is in a low-temperature operating state. By reducing the operating temperature, the transformer load loss is reduced, the transformer life is increased, and safety hazards are reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vacuum insulation box structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the vacuum insulation box of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first top cover assembly of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of the cooling oil tank, cooling mechanism, circulating heat exchange tube, and second top cover assembly of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling oil tank structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the circulating heat exchange tube structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second top cover assembly of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 100 Vacuum insulation box, 110 Insulation box, 111 Support plate, 120 Vacuum pump, 130 Pressure sensor, 200 First top cover assembly, 210 First top cover, 220 First insert block, 230 First sealing strip, 300 Cooling oil tank, 310 Box body, 320 Mounting hole, 400 Cooling mechanism, 410 Refrigeration device, 411 Base plate, 412 Support block, 413 Refrigeration element, 420 Cooling pipe, 500 Circulating heat exchange pipe, 510 First pipe, 520 Oil pump, 530 Second pipe, 540 Heat exchange pipe, 550 Third pipe, 600 Second top cover assembly, 610 Second top cover, 620 Second insert block, 630 Second sealing strip, 640 Cable tray. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] This invention provides a low-temperature, energy-saving, and highly reliable transformer. A circulating heat exchange tube drives the transformer oil injected within it to circulate. A refrigeration device and cooling pipes cool the circulating transformer oil. The cooled transformer oil then exchanges heat with the transformer oil injected into the cooling tank, further cooling the transformer and keeping it in a low-temperature operating state. By lowering the operating temperature, the transformer's load loss is reduced, its lifespan is increased, and safety hazards are reduced. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 5 It includes: a vacuum insulation box 100, a first top cover assembly 200, a cooling oil tank 300, a cooling mechanism 400, a circulating heat exchange tube 500, and a second top cover assembly 600;

[0031] Please see Figure 1-3The vacuum insulation box 100 includes an insulation box 110 installed outside the cooling oil tank 300, the cooling mechanism 400, and the circulating heat exchange pipe 500; a vacuum pump 120 installed on the exhaust port of the insulation box 110 and communicating with the inner cavity of the insulation box 110; and a pressure sensor 130 installed on the top of the side wall of the insulation box 110 and penetrating the side wall of the inner cavity of the insulation box 110. Support plates 111 are evenly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the insulation box 110. The support plates 111 are non-thermal conductive. The support plate uses a vacuum pump 120 to evacuate the inner cavity of the insulation box 110. The air pressure sensor 130 monitors the air pressure in the inner cavity of the insulation box 110 in real time. The air pressure sensor 130 is electrically connected to the PLC controller through a wire. When the air pressure in the inner cavity of the insulation box 110 exceeds the set threshold, the PLC controller controls the vacuum pump 120 to evacuate the inner cavity of the insulation box 110, so that the inner cavity of the insulation box 110 is always kept in a vacuum state.

[0032] Please see Figure 1-4 The first top cover assembly 200 includes a first top cover 210 installed on the top of the insulated box 110, a first insert 220 disposed at the bottom edge of the first top cover 210 and inserted into the inner cavity of the insulated box 110, and a first sealing strip 230 embedded on the outer wall of the first insert 220 and in contact with the side wall of the inner cavity of the insulated box 110. The first top cover 210 is fixedly installed on the top of the insulated box 110 by bolts, and the first sealing strip 230 seals the first top cover 210 and the insulated box 110 to ensure the vacuum degree of the inner cavity of the insulated box 110.

[0033] Please see Figure 1-3 and Figure 5-6 The inner cavity of the cooling oil tank 300 is filled with transformer oil. The transformer is placed in the inner cavity of the cooling oil tank 300 and immersed in the transformer oil. The cooling oil tank 300 includes a box body 310 placed in the inner cavity of the insulation box 110 and mounting holes 320 evenly opened on the outer wall of the box body 310 and communicating with the inner cavity of the box body 310. The cooling oil tank 300 placed in the inner cavity of the insulation box 110 is insulated by vacuum, which can prevent the heat loss of the cooling oil tank 300 and prevent the external temperature from corroding the cooling oil tank 300, thus effectively ensuring the cooling effect of the cooling oil tank 300.

[0034] Please see Figure 1-3 and Figure 5-8The cooling mechanism 400 includes a refrigeration device 410 installed at the bottom of the cooling oil tank 300 and a cooling pipe 420 installed in the inner cavity of the refrigeration device 410 and in contact with the refrigeration mechanism on the refrigeration device 410. The two ends of the cooling pipe 420 pass through the two sides of the refrigeration device 410. The refrigeration device 410 includes a base plate 411 installed on the top of the support plate 111, a support block 412 provided on the top side of the base plate 411 and connected to the bottom of the housing 310, and a support block 412 embedded in the top of the base plate 411. The cooling element 413, which is in contact with the cooling pipe 420, is supported by a non-thermal-conducting support plate 111. The bottom plate 411 is installed on top of the support plate 111, which can effectively prevent external temperature from being conducted to the bottom plate 411 through the support plate 111 and then to the inner cavity of the housing 310 through the cooling pipe 420, thus affecting the temperature balance of the inner cavity of the housing 310. The cooling element 413 cools down the cooling pipe 420, thereby cooling down the transformer oil injected into the inner cavity of the cooling pipe 420.

[0035] Please see Figure 1-3 and Figure 4-9 A circulating heat exchange tube 500 is installed inside the cooling oil tank 300 and contacts the transformer oil. Both ends of the circulating heat exchange tube 500 penetrate the side wall of the cooling oil tank 300 and connect to both ends of the cooling manifold 420. The inner cavity of the circulating heat exchange tube 500 communicates with the inner cavity of the cooling manifold 420. The circulating heat exchange tube 500 includes a first pipe 510 installed at the outlet of the cooling manifold 420, an oil pump 520 installed at the outlet of the first pipe 510, a second pipe 530 installed at the outlet of the oil pump 520, a heat exchange manifold 540 installed at the outlet of the second pipe 530 and installed inside the tank 310 through a mounting hole 320, and a third pipe 550 installed at the outlet of the heat exchange manifold 540 and connected to the inlet of the cooling manifold 420. Transformer oil is injected into the cooling mechanism 400 and the inner cavity of the circulating heat exchange tube 500 by the oil pump. The transformer oil circulates and is cooled at the cooling pipe 420. The cooled oil is then pumped by the oil pump 520 to the heat exchange pipe 540, where it exchanges heat with the transformer oil injected into the inner cavity of the tank 310. This process cools the transformer oil inside the tank 310, thus keeping it in a low-temperature operating environment. By lowering the operating temperature, the transformer load loss is reduced, the transformer lifespan is increased, and safety hazards are reduced. Furthermore, the internal circulation of the transformer oil effectively avoids contamination during external circulation, thus ensuring the insulation properties of the transformer oil and preventing short circuits caused by excessive impurities in the oil.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 5-6 Hehe Figure 10 The second top cover assembly 600 includes a second top cover 610 installed on the top of the housing 310, a second insert 620 disposed at the bottom edge of the second top cover 610 and inserted into the inner cavity of the housing 310, a second sealing strip 630 embedded on the outer wall of the second insert 620 and in contact with the side wall of the inner cavity of the housing 310, and a wire passage 640 disposed on the top of the second top cover 610, penetrating the bottom of the second top cover 610 and communicating with the inner cavity of the housing 310. The second top cover 610 is fixedly installed on the top of the housing 310 by bolts. The second sealing strip 630 seals the second top cover 610 and the housing 310 to prevent impurities in the outside air from entering the inner cavity of the housing 310 and contaminating the transformer oil.

[0037] Example

[0038] When the average annual temperature of the external environment is 20℃ and the temperature rise is 65K, the average temperature of the winding is 20+65=85℃. The temperature rise of the low-temperature energy-saving and high-reliability transformer is designed to be 50% of that of the ordinary transformer, that is, 32K. At this time, the average temperature of the winding is 20+32=52℃.

[0039] According to the resistance-temperature conversion formula, the winding ratio of a low-temperature energy-saving and high-reliability transformer to a conventional transformer is:

[0040] Right now:

[0041] According to the load loss calculation formula: PK=Kf*Pr (Formula 1)

[0042] Pr=3I 2 R (Formula 2)

[0043] Where PK: transformer load loss, Kf: temperature coefficient, Pr: transformer resistance loss, I: transformer rated operating current, R: transformer resistance;

[0044] Roughly calculated, the load loss of a conventional transformer is approximately 1.115 times that of a low-temperature, energy-saving, high-reliability transformer. Taking a typical 1000-2500kVA oil-immersed transformer with an S13 laminated core as an example:

[0045]

[0046] The data in the table above shows that the load loss of the low-temperature energy-saving and high-reliability transformer can be reduced by about 10% compared with that of the conventional transformer, thus exhibiting a certain energy-saving effect.

[0047] During operation, transformers are affected only by temperature and time. The chemical properties of the insulating components gradually deteriorate until the end of their service life. The Ehrlich equation, based on the changes in the chemical properties of the insulating materials during operation and summarized from a large amount of experimental data, is the relationship between transformer service life and temperature: L = e (A+B / T) =e (A +B / (273+Qk)) ,

[0048] In the formula, L: the service life of the transformer (in hours);

[0049] T: Absolute temperature (K) of the hot spot in the transformer winding;

[0050] Qk: Transformer winding hot spot temperature (°C);

[0051] A, B: Constants related to insulating materials;

[0052] A = -30.834, B = 16054;

[0053] Given that the average operating temperature of a conventional transformer is 85℃, and the hot spot temperature is 98℃ (13℃ higher than the average operating temperature), substituting these values ​​into the formula, the service life of a conventional transformer is:

[0054] L 98℃ =e (-30.834+16054÷(273+98)) = 252,265 hours, approximately 28.8 years

[0055] Based on the average operating temperature of a low-temperature energy-saving and high-reliability transformer being 52℃, and the hot spot temperature being 65℃ (13℃ higher than the average operating temperature), substituting these values ​​into the formula, the service life of a conventional transformer is obtained as follows:

[0056] L 65℃ =e (-30.834+16054÷(273+65)) = 17,245,148 hours, approximately 1968 years ago

[0057] Therefore, it can be seen that during the operation of a transformer, reducing the operating temperature of a low-temperature, energy-saving, and highly reliable transformer significantly reduces thermal aging and greatly extends the transformer's lifespan.

[0058] Although the invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, features in the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in any way, provided there is no structural conflict. The lack of an exhaustive description of these combinations in this specification is merely for brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A low-temperature, energy-saving, and highly reliable transformer, characterized in that: include: A cooling oil tank (300) is provided, the inner cavity of which is filled with transformer oil, and the transformer is placed in the inner cavity of the cooling oil tank (300) and immersed in the transformer oil. Cooling mechanism (400) includes a refrigeration device (410) installed at the bottom of the cooling oil tank (300) and a cooling pipe (420) installed in the inner cavity of the refrigeration device (410) in contact with the refrigeration mechanism on the refrigeration device (410). The two ends of the cooling pipe (420) penetrate through the two sides of the refrigeration device (410). A circulating heat exchange tube (500) is installed in the inner cavity of the cooling oil tank (300) and in contact with the transformer oil. Both ends of the circulating heat exchange tube (500) penetrate the side wall of the cooling oil tank (300) and are connected to both ends of the cooling manifold (420). The inner cavity of the circulating heat exchange tube (500) is in communication with the inner cavity of the cooling manifold (420). It also includes a vacuum insulation box (100), which includes an insulation box (110) installed on the outside of the cooling oil tank (300), the cooling mechanism (400) and the circulating heat exchange tube (500), a vacuum pump (120) installed on the exhaust port of the insulation box (110) and communicating with the inner cavity of the insulation box (110), and a pressure sensor (130) installed on the top of the side wall of the insulation box (110) and penetrating the side wall of the inner cavity of the insulation box (110); a support plate (111) is evenly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the insulation box (110), and the support plate (111) is a non-thermal conductive support plate; It also includes a first top cover assembly (200), which includes a first top cover (210) mounted on the top of the insulated box (110), a first insert (220) disposed at the bottom edge of the first top cover (210) and inserted into the inner cavity of the insulated box (110), and a first sealing strip (230) embedded on the outer wall of the first insert (220) and in contact with the inner wall of the insulated box (110); The cooling oil tank (300) includes a box body (310) placed inside the cavity of the heat preservation box (110) and mounting holes (320) evenly opened on the outer side wall of the box body (310) and communicating with the cavity of the box body (310). The refrigeration device (410) includes a base plate (411) installed on the top of the support plate (111), a support block (412) disposed on the top side of the base plate (411) and connected to the bottom of the box body (310), and a refrigeration plate (413) embedded in the top of the base plate (411) and in contact with the cooling pipe (420). The circulating heat exchange tube (500) includes a first pipe (510) installed on the outlet of the cooling pipe (420), an oil pump (520) installed on the outlet of the first pipe (510), a second pipe (530) installed on the outlet of the oil pump (520), a heat exchange tube (540) installed on the outlet of the second pipe (530) and installed in the inner cavity of the box (310) through a mounting hole (320), and a third pipe (550) installed on the outlet of the heat exchange tube (540) and connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe (420). It also includes a second top cover assembly (600), which includes a second top cover (610) mounted on the top of the housing (310), a second insert (620) disposed at the bottom edge of the second top cover (610) and inserted into the inner cavity of the housing (310), a second sealing strip (630) embedded on the outer wall of the second insert (620) and in contact with the side wall of the inner cavity of the housing (310), and a wire channel (640) disposed at the top of the second top cover (610), penetrating the bottom of the second top cover (610) and communicating with the inner cavity of the housing (310).

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