A full-automatic dust cleaner special for BIPV photovoltaic

Abstract

The application discloses a BIPV photovoltaic special full-automatic ash cleaner, which comprises a plate, a middle main water guide channel and two side auxiliary water guide channels are arranged on the plate, square self-cleaning holes and circular self-cleaning holes are arranged on the main water guide channel and the two side auxiliary water guide channels, and a water guide piece is connected below the square self-cleaning holes; the main water guide channel and the two side auxiliary water guide channels are adhesive surfaces, and the plate is adhered to the aluminum frames of two photovoltaic panels through the adhesive surfaces. The full-automatic ash cleaner is automatically operated by rainwater driving force during atmospheric precipitation, utilizes the water guide piece, adopts siphon and capillary principles, and timely discharges the ash-water mixture outside the photovoltaic panel through the impact force of raindrops and the impact force of water flow formed on the photovoltaic panel, so that the ash accumulation is avoided to block light, and the hot spot effect of the photovoltaic panel is eliminated; meanwhile, the self-cleaning holes are utilized to effectively avoid the blockage of foreign matters in the water guide channels, the gaps of the water guide channels are kept unblocked, and the high-efficiency operation of the ash cleaning is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a fully automatic dust cleaner specifically for BIPV photovoltaic systems. Background Technology

[0002] Solar photovoltaic resources are one of the important new energy sources that people develop and utilize. Among them, building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV, full name: Building Integrated PV, PV stands for Photovoltaic) is a method that has recently received strong support and encouragement from the government.

[0003] Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) rooftops feature photovoltaic panels laid side-by-side, replacing corrugated steel sheets and thus saving on construction costs. This is a photovoltaic power generation method strongly supported and promoted by the government. Currently, the roof tilt angle of most large-scale BIPV rooftop installations in China is less than 5 degrees. Due to this limitation, when it rains, the mixture of rainwater and ash on the photovoltaic panel surface is blocked by the aluminum frame above the glass panel. Combined with the surface tension of the water, water accumulates to a depth of 5-6mm at the lowest point of the panel. After evaporation, this forms a layer of ash-covered areas of varying thickness, width, and shape (referred to as "ash bands"). These ash bands cause severe localized shading, leading to the conduction of bypass diodes inside the photovoltaic panels. The cells partially shaded by the ash bands transform from power-generating elements to resistive elements, consuming energy and generating hot spots. This significantly reduces power generation (an average of 3-10% annually) and damages the photovoltaic panels.

[0004] Currently, the main methods for cleaning the dust accumulation on the underside of BIPV photovoltaic panels are as follows: 1. Relying solely on rainwater to wash away the dust without manual cleaning. Most rainwater will cause dust to accumulate along the underside of the photovoltaic panels, severely affecting power generation and causing hot spot damage to the panels; 2. Manual cleaning; this method involves stepping on the panels, has low cleaning efficiency, cannot clean the dust accumulation promptly after rain, and cannot avoid the damage caused by the dust accumulation. It also involves high-altitude work, posing significant safety hazards and high cleaning costs; 3. Machine roller brush cleaning, but this still involves manual operation. The machine is prone to malfunctions, has high maintenance costs, cannot clean the dust accumulation promptly after rain, and cannot avoid the damage caused by the dust accumulation. It also involves high-altitude work, high investment costs, low cleaning efficiency, and varying degrees of damage to the photovoltaic panels; 4. Installing a high-flow-rate spray device to simulate heavy rain. This method has high investment costs, high water consumption, high cleaning costs, low cleaning efficiency, and high equipment maintenance costs.

[0005] None of the above four methods can effectively clean the accumulated dust after rain, and all of them have problems such as easy damage to photovoltaic panels, high labor costs, long cleaning cycles, and high subsequent maintenance costs. In addition, they cannot be cleaned in windy, rainy, nighttime, humid, or hot weather. Manual cleaning at height poses significant safety hazards and can seriously damage photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully automatic dust cleaner specifically for BIPV photovoltaic systems, which solves the problems associated with manual cleaning.

[0007] To address the numerous problems associated with manual cleaning, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention discloses a fully automatic dust cleaner specifically for BIPV photovoltaic systems, comprising a plate with a central main water channel and two side secondary water channels. Both the main water channel and the side secondary water channels have square and circular self-cleaning holes. A water-guiding plate is connected below each square self-cleaning hole. An adhesive surface connects the main water channel and the side secondary water channels, with the horizontal height of the adhesive surface lower than the top surface of the main water channel and the side secondary water channels. The plate is bonded to the aluminum frames of two upstream and downstream photovoltaic panels via the adhesive surface. The channel height of the main water channel and the side secondary water channels is 2-3 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the plate is made of hydrophilic rust-resistant metal or other hydrophilic materials.

[0010] Furthermore, an injection hole is provided on the adhesive surface. Weather-resistant adhesive is injected into the injection hole to fix the adhesive surface to the aluminum frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the adhesive surface is provided with limiting end clips at both the front and rear ends to ensure that it spans across the adjacent aluminum frames of two adjacent photovoltaic panels in the BIPV power station.

[0012] Furthermore, a V-shaped opening with an opening facing the photovoltaic panel is provided at the middle position of the top plate of the main water channel.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] This invention requires no alteration to the existing photovoltaic panel structure, does not affect any other cleaning or maintenance work, and has no impact on the photovoltaic panel or BIPV structure. It requires no manpower or resources and operates fully automatically using rainwater during rainfall. When ash and water accumulate on the photovoltaic panel during rain, water-guiding plates utilize siphon and capillary principles to promptly drain the ash and water mixture outside the panel through the impact of raindrops and the water flow. This prevents dust and ash from forming a dusty belt that blocks light and eliminates the hot spot effect on the photovoltaic panel, thereby significantly increasing power generation and preventing damage. Simultaneously, the self-cleaning holes effectively unclog the water channels, preventing blockage by foreign objects and ensuring efficient dust removal. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fully automatic dust cleaner for BIPV photovoltaic applications according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the fully automatic dust cleaner for BIPV photovoltaic applications of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front view of the fully automatic dust cleaner for BIPV photovoltaic applications according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of the fully automatic dust cleaner for BIPV photovoltaic applications according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the fully automatic dust cleaner for BIPV photovoltaic applications according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a side view of the installation of the fully automatic dust cleaner for BIPV photovoltaic applications according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the BIPV photovoltaic-specific fully automatic dust cleaner of the present invention;

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Plate; 2. Main water channel; 3. Secondary water channel; 4. Square self-cleaning hole; 5. Circular self-cleaning hole; 6. Water guide plate; 7. Adhesive surface; 8. Photovoltaic panel; 9. Aluminum frame; 10. Expansion gap; 11. Rubber strip; 12. Horizontal water guide groove; 13. Vertical water guide groove; 14. Glue injection hole; 15. Weather-resistant adhesive; 16. Limiting end clip; 17. V-shaped opening. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1-7 As shown, a fully automatic dust cleaner for BIPV photovoltaics includes a plate 1, which is generally made of hydrophilic rust-resistant metal or other hydrophilic materials, but is not limited to hydrophilic materials.

[0026] The plate 1 is provided with a central main water channel 2 and two side secondary water channels 3.

[0027] The main water channel 2 and the two auxiliary water channels 3 on both sides are connected by an adhesive surface 7. The horizontal height of the adhesive surface 7 is lower than the height of the top surface of the main water channel 2 and the two auxiliary water channels 3 on both sides. The adhesive surface 7 is provided with an injection hole 14. Weather-resistant adhesive 15 is injected into the injection hole 14, and the adhesive surface 7 is fixed to the aluminum frame 9 by the weather-resistant adhesive 15.

[0028] Both ends of the adhesive surface 7 are provided with limiting end clips 16 to ensure that it spans across the adjacent aluminum frames 9 of the two adjacent photovoltaic panels 8 in the BIPV power station.

[0029] The height of the main water channel 2 and the secondary water channels 3 on both sides is 2-3mm, that is, the gap between the top of the main water channel 2 and the secondary water channels 3 on both sides and the aluminum frame 9 is 2-3mm.

[0030] A V-shaped opening 17 is provided in the middle of the top plate of the main water channel 2, facing the photovoltaic panel 8, so that raindrops falling at this position can effectively reach the water channel.

[0031] The tilt angle of the BIPV photovoltaic panel 8 is less than 5°. When the tilt angle of the BIPV photovoltaic panel 8 is greater than 5°, the present invention is not applicable because there is no dust accumulation strip at the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel. That is, the present invention is used in BIPV photovoltaic power stations with small tilt angles.

[0032] An expansion gap 10 is provided between the upstream and downstream aluminum frame frames 9, and the bottom of the expansion gap 10 is filled with a rubber strip 11. A horizontal water guide channel 12 is installed below the upstream and downstream aluminum frame frames 9, and a vertical water guide channel 13 is installed below both ends of the horizontal water guide channel 12.

[0033] The main water channel 2 and the secondary water channels 3 on both sides are provided with square self-cleaning holes 4 and circular self-cleaning holes 5. When it rains, raindrops pass through the square self-cleaning holes 4 and circular self-cleaning holes 5 and hit the inside of the main water channel 2 and the secondary water channels 3. The impact force of the raindrops frequently impacts and cleans the water channels. With the flow of gray water, foreign objects blocking the water channels are discharged out of the water channel, keeping the water channels unobstructed. This effectively removes the accumulated dust from the BIPV photovoltaic panels and eliminates the local shading caused by the dust.

[0034] Below the square self-cleaning hole 4, a water-guiding plate 6 is connected. The water-guiding plate 6 breaks the surface tension of the water, ensuring that the grey water mixture blocked by the aluminum frame 9 of the upstream photovoltaic panel 8 is guided to the expansion gap 10 outside the photovoltaic panel 8, or guided to flow downwards onto the downstream photovoltaic panel 8, where it continues to be guided downwards by the BIPV cleaner at the lower edge of the next photovoltaic panel 8, ultimately draining the grey water from all the photovoltaic panels 8. Compared to a solution without a water-guiding plate, which cannot break the surface tension of the water, the water-guiding plate greatly improves the water conduction efficiency.

[0035] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic dust cleaner specifically for BIPV photovoltaic systems, characterized in that: The system includes a plate (1), which has a central main water channel (2) and two side secondary water channels (3). The main water channel (2) and the two side secondary water channels (3) are provided with square self-cleaning holes (4) and circular self-cleaning holes (5). A water guide plate (6) is connected below the square self-cleaning hole (4). There is an adhesive surface (7) between the main water channel (2) and the two side secondary water channels (3). The horizontal height of the adhesive surface (7) is lower than the height of the top surface of the main water channel (2) and the two side secondary water channels (3). The plate (1) is bonded to the aluminum frame (9) of the upstream and downstream photovoltaic panels (8) through the adhesive surface (7). The channel height of the main water channel (2) and the two side secondary water channels (3) is 2-3mm. A V-shaped opening (17) with an opening facing the photovoltaic panel (8) is opened in the middle of the top plate of the main water channel (2). The plate (1) is located on the upper side of the two photovoltaic panels upstream and downstream; An expansion gap (10) is provided between the upper and lower aluminum frames (9), and a horizontal water guide groove (12) is installed below the upper and lower aluminum frames (9). A vertical water guide groove (13) is installed below both ends of the horizontal water guide groove (12). When it is raining, raindrops pass through the square self-cleaning hole (4) and the round self-cleaning hole (5) and hit the main water channel (2) and the secondary water channel (3), using the impact force of the raindrops to clean the water channel. The water guide plate (6) breaks the surface tension of the water, ensuring that the gray water mixture blocked by the aluminum frame (9) of the upstream photovoltaic panel (8) is directed to the expansion gap (10) outside the photovoltaic panel (8), or directed to the downstream photovoltaic panel (8) to flow downwards, and is continued to flow downwards by the BIPV cleaner at the lower edge of the next photovoltaic panel (8), and finally the gray water is discharged outside all the photovoltaic panels (8).

2. The fully automatic dust cleaner for BIPV photovoltaic applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive surface (7) is provided with an injection hole (14). The adhesive surface (7) is fixed to the aluminum frame (9) by injecting weather-resistant adhesive (15) into the injection hole (14).

3. The fully automatic dust cleaner for BIPV photovoltaic applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive surface (7) is provided with limiting end clips (16) at both the front and rear ends to ensure that it spans across the adjacent aluminum frames (9) of the two adjacent photovoltaic panels (8) of the BIPV power station.

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