A spraying dust-settling device for open-pit construction

Abstract

The application discloses an open-pit mine construction water-spraying dust-settling device, which comprises a water supply assembly including a water pipe, a joint assembly including a joint connected with the water pipe, the joint being provided with a first through hole, an adapter assembly including an adapter detachably connected with the joint, the adapter being provided with a second through hole, a water-spraying head connected with the adapter and provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed water-spraying holes, and when the water-spraying head is connected, the second boss can be placed in the circular groove first, then the joint is rotated along the trend of the inclined arc groove, so that the second boss can be embedded into the inclined arc groove and the arc-shaped groove, and the moving shaft extends out of the first cylindrical groove; when the water-spraying head is replaced, the operation is simple and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust suppression in mining areas, and in particular to a water spraying dust suppression device for open-pit mine construction. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing national requirements for occupational health and safety of employees, dust control in mines is playing an increasingly important role in ventilation, dust control, and dust prevention. How to systematically manage mine dust has become an urgent issue. This is especially true for large-scale modern mines employing integrated top-coal caving faces, trackless rubber-tired vehicle transportation, long-distance inclined shaft belt conveyor systems, and large air volumes and velocities in main intake and return airways. The large amount of dust generated and the numerous dust-generating points significantly increase the difficulty of dust control. While numerous dust control measures have been implemented to address the high dust levels, the results have been less than ideal. Existing equipment has the following main drawbacks: 1. High water consumption: the water curtain is constantly flowing, wasting a large amount of water resources; 2. Poor dust suppression effect: the water curtain can only suppress dust passing through it, having no effect on dust carried by the airflow within the mine; 3. Cumbersome disassembly when replacing dust suppression nozzles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the specification abstract and the title of the invention, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract, and the title of the invention. Such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the invention.

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above and / or prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the dust suppression effect is poor. The water curtain can only suppress the dust passing through the water curtain, and has no effect on the dust flowing with the air in the mine. The disassembly of the dust suppression nozzle is cumbersome when replacing it.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dust suppression device for open-pit mine construction water spraying, comprising a water supply component, including a water pipe;

[0007] A connector assembly includes a connector that connects to the water pipe, the connector having a through first hole.

[0008] The adapter assembly includes an adapter that is detachably connected to the connector, the adapter having a through second hole;

[0009] The sprinkler head, connected to the adapter, is equipped with several evenly distributed spray holes.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device of the present invention, wherein: the adapter is provided with an arc-shaped groove, the end face of the adapter that contacts the connector is provided with a circular groove, a connecting oblique arc groove is provided between the circular groove and the arc-shaped groove, the oblique arc groove is spiral in direction, the end face of the adapter is provided with an arc-shaped through groove that intersects with the oblique arc groove and the arc-shaped groove, and the width of the arc-shaped through groove is smaller than the width of the oblique arc groove and the arc groove;

[0011] One end of the connector is provided with a first cylindrical groove, and a second cylindrical groove is provided inside the first cylindrical groove. A movable shaft is provided inside the first cylindrical groove. A first boss is provided at one end of the movable shaft located inside the second cylindrical groove, and a second boss is provided at the other end of the movable shaft located outside the connector. A first spring is provided between the first boss and the opening of the first cylindrical groove. The second boss can be embedded into the inclined arc groove and the arc groove.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device of the present invention, wherein: a first cylinder is provided in the second through hole, a first ratchet is provided at the end of the first cylinder near the connector, a first long groove extending axially is provided in the second through hole, a third boss is provided on the side of the first cylinder, the third boss is embedded in the first long groove, and a second spring is provided between the first cylinder and the side of the second through hole away from the connector.

[0013] A second cylinder is provided inside the first through hole, a second ratchet is provided at one end of the second cylinder near the first cylinder, and a third long groove is provided through the side of the second cylinder;

[0014] A second long groove is provided between the second cylindrical groove and the first through hole. The first boss extends radially to form a fourth boss. The fourth boss passes through the third long groove and the second long groove to the second cylinder.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device of the present invention, wherein: a first annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the first through hole, an annular boss is provided at the end of the second cylinder away from the second ratchet and embedded in the first annular groove, and a third spring is provided between the annular boss and the end face of the first annular groove near the opening of the first through hole.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device of the present invention, wherein: an annular movable component is provided inside the second cylinder, and the fourth protrusion is connected to the side of the movable component.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device of the present invention, wherein: a second annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the end of the second cylinder away from the second ratchet;

[0018] The moving part has a radially extending sliding groove on its side, a slider is provided in the sliding groove, a fourth spring is provided between the slider and the bottom of the sliding groove, a limiting groove extending in the slider moving direction is provided on the side of the sliding groove, and a limiting boss embedded in the limiting groove is provided on the side of the slider.

[0019] The slider is provided with a slope to form a wedge shape away from the fourth spring. The slope is formed by chamfering one edge of the slider end away from the second ratchet.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device of the present invention, wherein: when the second ratchet is engaged with the first ratchet, the second boss can be located in the arc-shaped groove, and one end of the slope can be embedded in the second annular groove; when the slope is disengaged from the second annular groove, the second ratchet moves away from the first ratchet.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device of the present invention, wherein: a third cylinder is also provided in the first through hole, one end of the third cylinder is located in the second annular groove, and a fifth protrusion is provided at the other end; a fourth long groove extending to the outside is provided in the first through hole; the fifth protrusion passes through the fourth long groove; and a fifth spring is provided between the fifth protrusion and the end of the fourth long groove near the slider.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device of the present invention, wherein: a third annular groove is provided outside the connector, which intersects with the fourth long groove; a rotating ring is provided inside the third annular groove; a spiral groove is provided inside the rotating ring; and a fifth boss is embedded in the spiral groove.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device of the present invention, wherein: the circular groove, the inclined arc groove, the arc groove, the first columnar groove, and the moving shaft are all evenly distributed in twos along the circumference.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When connecting, the second boss can first be placed in the circular groove, and then the connector head is rotated along the direction of the inclined arc groove, so that the second boss can be embedded in the inclined arc groove and the arc groove, and protrude from the first cylindrical groove from the moving shaft; when changing the nozzle, the operation is simple and convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the adapter in the open-pit mine construction water spraying and dust suppression device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device in one embodiment of the present invention when the joint assembly and the adapter assembly are not connected;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the joint assembly and the adapter assembly in an embodiment of the open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, a dust suppression device for open-pit mine construction is provided. Figure 4 A partially enlarged structural diagram;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the connection and separation process of the joint assembly and the adapter assembly in an open-pit mine construction water spraying dust suppression device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 In one embodiment of the present invention, a dust suppression device for open-pit mine construction is provided. Figure 6 A partially enlarged structural diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] Secondly, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure will be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0036] Furthermore, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Reference Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides a dust suppression water spraying device for open-pit mine construction, including a water supply component and a connector component 200. The water supply component includes a water pipe 100 connected to a water pump for water supply. The connector component 200 is connected to the water pipe 100 and includes a connector 201 connected to the water pipe 100, with a first through hole 201a. The connector 201 and the water pipe 100 can be connected by a thread or a flange. An adapter component 300 is used to connect the connector 201 to a spray head 400. Because the spray head 400 has various specifications, an adapter 301 is needed for replacement. The adapter 301 is detachably connected to the connector 201 and has a second through hole 301a. When the adapter 301 and the connector 201 are connected, their through holes are connected. The spray head 400 is connected to the adapter 301 and has several evenly distributed spray holes 401. The nozzles 401 of different adapters 301 have different diameters to facilitate rotation on the construction site.

[0039] Furthermore, the adapter 301 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 301b, with the axis of the second through hole 301a as the axis. In this embodiment, the central angle of the arc-shaped groove 301b is 45°. The end face of the adapter 301 that contacts the connector 201 is provided with a circular groove 301e. The central angle between the circular groove 301e and one end of the arc-shaped groove 301b is 45°. A connected oblique arc groove 301c is provided between the circular groove 301e and one end of the arc-shaped groove 301b. Therefore, the central angle occupied by the oblique arc groove 301c is also 45°. The direction of the oblique arc groove 301c is spiral, with 0.25 turns. The connection between the oblique arc groove 301c and the arc-shaped groove 301b is connected by an arc transition.

[0040] Furthermore, the end face of the adapter 301 is provided with an arc-shaped through groove 301d that intersects with the inclined arc groove 301c and the arc groove 301b. The width of the arc-shaped through groove 301d is smaller than the width of the inclined arc groove 301c and the arc groove 301b. Therefore, the central angle of the arc-shaped through groove 301d is 90°, and the axis is centered on the axis of the second through hole 301a.

[0041] Correspondingly, one end of the connector 201 is provided with a first cylindrical groove 201b. There are two symmetrically arranged first cylindrical grooves 201b, corresponding to the positions of the two circular grooves 301e respectively. A second cylindrical groove 201c is provided inside the first cylindrical groove 201b. The inner diameter of the second cylindrical groove 201c is larger than the inner diameter of the first cylindrical groove 201b. A movable shaft 202 is provided inside the first cylindrical groove 201b. The movable shaft 202 can move axially. A first boss 202a is provided at the end of the movable shaft 202 located inside the second cylindrical groove 201c. The diameter of the first boss 202a is larger than the diameter of the movable shaft 202. A second boss 202b is provided at the end of the movable shaft 202 located outside the connector 201. The diameter of the second boss 202b is larger than the width of the arc-shaped through groove 301d and smaller than the width of the inclined arc groove 301c and the arc-shaped groove 301b. The second boss 202b can be placed inside the circular groove 301e.

[0042] A first spring 202d is provided between the first boss 202a and the opening of the first cylindrical groove 201b. The first spring 202d is a pressure spring, and its pressure prevents the moving shaft 202 from moving outward.

[0043] During connection, the second boss 202b is first placed in the circular groove 301e, and then the connector 201 is rotated along the direction of the inclined arc groove 301c, so that the second boss 202b can be embedded in the inclined arc groove 301c and the arc groove 301b, and extend from the first cylindrical groove 201b from the moving shaft 202.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Reference Figures 1-7 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment and differs from the previous embodiment in that:

[0046] The first cylinder 302 is provided inside the second through hole 301a. A first ratchet 302a is provided at one end of the first cylinder 302 near the connector 201. The first ratchet 302a is an end-face ratchet. A first elongated groove 301f extending axially is provided inside the second through hole 301a. A third boss 302b is provided on the side of the first cylinder 302. The third boss 302b is embedded in the first elongated groove 301f. Therefore, the cooperation between the third boss 302b and the first elongated groove 301f restricts the rotation of the first cylinder 302. The first cylinder 302 can only move axially. A second spring 303 is provided between the first cylinder 302 and the side of the second through hole 301a away from the connector 201. The second spring 303 is a compression spring. The second spring 303 pushes the first ratchet 302a to move towards the connector 201.

[0047] Furthermore, a second cylinder 203 is provided inside the first through hole 201a. A second ratchet 203a is provided at one end of the second cylinder 203 near the first cylinder 302. The second ratchet 203a is an end face ratchet and can mesh with the first ratchet 302a. Therefore, under the action of the second spring 303, when connecting, the first ratchet 302a can only rotate in one direction relative to the second ratchet 203a, that is, the direction in which the second boss 202b is screwed in.

[0048] The second cylinder 203 has a through third long groove 203b on its side; a through second long groove 201d is provided between the second cylindrical groove 201c and the first through hole 201a; the first boss 202a extends radially to form a fourth boss 202c; the fourth boss 202c passes through the third long groove 203b and the second long groove 201d into the second cylinder 203; that is, the fourth boss 202c can restrict the rotation of the second cylinder 203 and drive the second cylinder 203 to move axially.

[0049] The inner wall of the first through hole 201a is provided with a first annular groove 201e. The end of the second cylinder 203 away from the second ratchet 203a is provided with an annular boss 203c that is embedded in the first annular groove 201e. A third spring 203e is provided between the annular boss 203c and the end face of the first annular groove 201e near the opening of the first through hole 201a. The third spring 203e is a compression spring. Therefore, the third spring 203e pushes the annular boss 203c and the second cylinder 203 away from the first ratchet 302a. When the connector assembly 200 is connected to the adapter assembly 300, the fourth boss 202c moves with the first boss 202a toward the adapter assembly 300. At the same time, the fourth boss 202c moves the second cylinder 203 toward the first ratchet 302a and engages with the first ratchet 302a. At this time, the third spring 203e is compressed.

[0050] The second cylinder 203 is provided with an annular movable member 204. The fourth boss 202c drives the second cylinder 203 through the movable member 204. Specifically, the fourth boss 202c is connected to the side of the movable member 204, and the connection method can be plug-in. The inner wall of the end of the second cylinder 203 away from the second ratchet 203a is provided with a second annular groove 203d. The inner diameter of the second annular groove 203d is larger than the inner diameter of the second cylinder 203.

[0051] The moving part 204 has a radially extending sliding groove 204a on its side. A slider 205 is provided in the sliding groove 204a. A fourth spring 206 is provided between the slider 205 and the bottom of the sliding groove 204a. The slider 205 can move in the direction of contacting the second cylinder 203 under the action of the fourth spring 206. That is, in the initial state, the slider 205 extends out of the sliding groove 204a and contacts the second annular groove 203d. Then, when the fourth boss 202c and the moving part 204 move, the slider 205 on the moving part 204 can push the second cylinder 203 to move along with it, so that the first ratchet 302a and the second ratchet 203a are engaged and connected.

[0052] Furthermore, the sliding groove 204a has a limiting groove 204b extending along the moving direction of the slider 205 on its side, and the slider 205 has a limiting boss 205a embedded in the limiting groove 204b on its side; this can prevent the slider 205 from disengaging from the sliding groove 204a.

[0053] It should be noted that the slider 205 is provided with a slope 205b to form a wedge shape away from the fourth spring 206. The slope 205b is formed by a chamfer on one edge of the slider 205 away from the second ratchet 203a.

[0054] Therefore, when the second ratchet 203a engages with the first ratchet 302a, the second boss 202b can be located within the arc-shaped groove 301b, and one end of the slope 205b can be embedded within the second annular groove 203d. When the slope 205b disengages from the second annular groove 203d, under the action of the third spring 203e, the second ratchet 203a moves away from the first ratchet 302a. Consequently, it disengages from the first ratchet 302a, and the adapter 301 is no longer restricted; it can be disengaged by reversing the rotation.

[0055] Preferably, a third cylinder 207 is also provided inside the first through hole 201a. One end of the third cylinder 207 is located inside the second annular groove 203d, and the third cylinder 207 can be inserted into the gap between the second annular groove 203d and the moving member 204. A fifth boss 207a is provided at the other end of the third cylinder 207. A fourth elongated groove 201f extending to the outside is provided in the first through hole 201a. The fifth boss 207a passes through the fourth elongated groove 201f. A fifth spring 208 is provided between the fifth boss 207a and the end of the fourth elongated groove 201f near the slider 205. The fifth spring 208 is a compression spring, and its pressure prevents the end of the third cylinder 207 from approaching the second annular groove 203d.

[0056] The connector 201 has a third annular groove 201g that intersects with the fourth elongated groove 201f. A rotating ring 209 is located within the third annular groove 201g, and a spiral groove 209a is located on the inner side of the rotating ring 209. A fifth boss 207a is embedded within the spiral groove 209a. Therefore, by driving the rotating ring 209 to rotate, the spiral groove 209a can move linearly along with the fifth boss 207a, thereby causing the end of the third cylinder 207 to contact the slope 205b and causing the slider 205 to disengage from the second annular groove 203d.

[0057] It should be noted that there are two circular grooves 301e, inclined arc grooves 301c, arc grooves 301b, first cylindrical grooves 201b, and moving shafts 202, all evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0058] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: In the initial state, before the connector assembly 200 and the adapter assembly 300 are connected, the moving shaft 202 is located in the first cylindrical groove 201b, and the second cylinder 203 is located away from the opening of the first through hole 201a, with one end of the slope 205b embedded in the second annular groove 203d; then, the second boss 202b is operated to be placed in the circular groove 301e, and then the connector 201 is rotated along the direction of the inclined arc groove 301c, so that the second boss 202b can be embedded in the inclined arc groove 301c and the arc groove 301b, and the moving shaft 202 extends out from the first cylindrical groove 201b; during the linear movement of the moving shaft, the fourth boss 202c moves the second cylinder 203 towards the first ratchet 302a and engages with the first ratchet 302a. At this time, the third spring 203e is compressed, and when the second boss 202b moves into the arc groove 301b, The first ratchet 302a and the second ratchet 203a are engaged at this time. The engagement of the ratchets restricts the reverse rotation of the connector 201 and the adapter 301, that is, the connector assembly 200 and the adapter assembly 300 are connected. When the adapter assembly 300 needs to be replaced, the rotating ring 209 is rotated, the end of the third cylinder 207 contacts the slope 205b and causes the slider 205 to disengage from the second annular groove 203d. At this time, under the action of the third spring 203e, the second ratchet 203a moves away from the first ratchet 302a and disengages from the first ratchet 302a. Then, the adapter 301 is reversed so that the second boss 202b disengages from the arc groove 301b and the inclined arc groove 301c. During the disengagement process, the moving shaft 202 retracts into the first cylindrical groove 201b, and under the action of the first spring 202d, the moving part 204 moves, and the slider 205 can fall into the second annular groove 203d and return to the initial state.

[0059] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0060] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the currently considered best mode for carrying out the invention, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0061] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0062] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device for open-pit mine construction, characterized in that: include, Water supply components, including water pipes (100); The connector assembly (200) includes a connector (201) connected to the water pipe (100), the connector (201) having a through first through hole (201a). The adapter assembly (300) includes an adapter (301) detachably connected to the connector (201), the adapter (301) having a through second through hole (301a). The sprinkler head (400) is connected to the adapter (301) and is provided with a number of evenly distributed spray holes (401). The adapter (301) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (301b), and the end face of the adapter (301) that contacts the connector (201) is provided with a circular groove (301e). A connected oblique arc groove (301c) is provided between the circular groove (301e) and the end of the arc-shaped groove (301b). The oblique arc groove (301c) is spiral in direction. The end face of the adapter (301) is provided with an arc-shaped through groove (301d) that intersects with the oblique arc groove (301c) and the arc-shaped groove (301b). The width of the arc-shaped through groove (301d) is smaller than the width of the oblique arc groove (301c) and the arc-shaped groove (301b). One end of the connector (201) is provided with a first cylindrical groove (201b), and a second cylindrical groove (201c) is provided inside the first cylindrical groove (201b). A movable shaft (202) is provided inside the first cylindrical groove (201b). One end of the movable shaft (202) located inside the second cylindrical groove (201c) is provided with a first boss (202a), and the other end of the movable shaft (202) located outside the connector (201) is provided with a second boss (202b). A first spring (202d) is provided between the first boss (202a) and the opening of the first cylindrical groove (201b). The second boss (202b) can be embedded into the inclined arc groove (301c) and the arc groove (301b). A first cylinder (302) is provided inside the second through hole (301a). A first ratchet (302a) is provided at one end of the first cylinder (302) near the connector (201). A first elongated groove (301f) extending axially is provided inside the second through hole (301a). A third boss (302b) is provided on the side of the first cylinder (302). The third boss (302b) is embedded in the first elongated groove (301f). A second spring (303) is provided between the first cylinder (302) and the side of the second through hole (301a) away from the connector (201). A second cylinder (203) is provided inside the first through hole (201a). A second ratchet (203a) is provided at one end of the second cylinder (203) near the first cylinder (302). A third long groove (203b) is provided through the side of the second cylinder (203). A second elongated groove (201d) is provided between the second cylindrical groove (201c) and the first through hole (201a). The first boss (202a) extends radially to form a fourth boss (202c). The fourth boss (202c) passes through the third elongated groove (203b) and the second elongated groove (201d) into the second cylinder (203). The inner wall of the first through hole (201a) is provided with a first annular groove (201e), and the end of the second cylinder (203) away from the second ratchet (203a) is provided with an annular boss (203c) embedded in the first annular groove (201e). A third spring (203e) is provided between the annular boss (203c) and the end face of the first annular groove (201e) near the opening of the first through hole (201a). The second cylinder (203) is provided with an annular movable member (204), and the fourth boss (202c) is connected to the side of the movable member (204); The inner wall of the end of the second cylinder (203) away from the second ratchet (203a) is provided with a second annular groove (203d); The moving part (204) has a radially extending sliding groove (204a) on its side, a slider (205) is provided in the sliding groove (204a), a fourth spring (206) is provided between the slider (205) and the bottom of the sliding groove (204a), a limiting groove (204b) extending along the moving direction of the slider (205) is provided on the side of the sliding groove (204a), and a limiting boss (205a) embedded in the limiting groove (204b) is provided on the side of the slider (205). The slider (205) is provided with a slope (205b) to form a wedge shape away from the fourth spring (206). The slope (205b) is formed by chamfering one edge of the slider (205) away from the second ratchet (203a). When the second ratchet (203a) engages with the first ratchet (302a), the second boss (202b) can be located in the arc groove (301b), and one end of the slope (205b) can be embedded in the second annular groove (203d); when the slope (205b) disengages from the second annular groove (203d), the second ratchet (203a) moves away from the first ratchet (302a). A third cylinder (207) is also provided inside the first through hole (201a). One end of the third cylinder (207) is located in the second annular groove (203d), and the other end is provided with a fifth boss (207a). The first through hole (201a) is provided with a fourth long groove (201f) that extends to the outside. The fifth boss (207a) passes through the fourth long groove (201f). A fifth spring (208) is provided between the fifth boss (207a) and the end of the fourth long groove (201f) near the slider (205). The connector (201) is provided with a third annular groove (201g) that intersects with the fourth long groove (201f). A rotating ring (209) is provided inside the third annular groove (201g). A spiral groove (209a) is provided on the inner side of the rotating ring (209). The fifth boss (207a) is embedded in the spiral groove (209a).

2. The open-pit mine construction water spraying and dust suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular groove (301e), the oblique arc groove (301c), the arc groove (301b), the first cylindrical groove (201b), and the moving shaft (202) are all evenly distributed in twos along the circumference.

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