Interventional needle for a rigid endoscope and rigid endoscope

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope and a rigid endoscope. An interventional needle for a rigid endoscope comprises a needle body configured to be percutaneously interventive in a living body, wherein the needle body has a hollow structure to provide a working channel inside the needle body, the working channel being arranged in the needle body eccentrically with respect to a central axis of the needle body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of medical devices, and more specifically, to an interventional needle for use with a rigid endoscope and a rigid endoscope. Background Technology

[0002] A rigid endoscope is a non-flexible endoscope that is primarily inserted into the body cavities of a living organism through a surgical incision. It can be used for intraoperative imaging in minimally invasive surgical procedures. Before surgeons can use a rigid endoscope to observe target sites (such as lesions like tumors) within a patient's body, gas (usually carbon dioxide) needs to be introduced into the patient's body to create artificial air cavities (e.g., pneumothorax during thoracic examinations, pneumoperitoneum during abdominal examinations) to expand the surgical space. However, surgeons can only observe the surface features of the target site and cannot observe the deeper structures within it. Furthermore, when doctors use rigid endoscopes to carry interventional needles or their components (such as, but not limited to, percutaneous needle kits) into the patient's body to perform interventional diagnostic and treatment procedures such as puncture at the target site, the degree of freedom of the interventional needle may be limited by the attachment between the interventional needle and the rigid endoscope. In addition, there may be a certain deviation between the actual insertion position of the interventional needle and the observation field of the rigid endoscope. Since the interventional needle usually enters a relatively deep position in the patient's body, the doctor operating the interventional needle often cannot directly see the situation at the location of the interventional needle, and cannot grasp the rapidly changing situation in the patient's body in a timely and accurate manner. This makes it difficult to make reliable judgments and decisions in a timely manner, and thus cannot efficiently carry out diagnosis and treatment during interventional procedures. Summary of the Invention

[0003] A brief overview of this disclosure is given below to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of it. However, it should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive summary of this disclosure. It is not intended to identify key or essential parts of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Its purpose is merely to present certain concepts of this disclosure in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that follows.

[0004] According to one aspect of this disclosure, an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope is provided, wherein the interventional needle includes a needle body configured to be percutaneously inserted into a living body, wherein the needle body has a hollow structure to provide a working channel within the needle body, the working channel being eccentrically arranged within the needle body about a central axis of the needle body.

[0005] In some embodiments, in the cross-section of the interventional needle, the minimum distance between the outer peripheral surface of the working channel and the outer peripheral surface of the needle body may not exceed 0.1 mm.

[0006] In some embodiments, the interventional needle may include at least one imaging fiber bundle disposed in the needle body and extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body, wherein the front fiber end face of the at least one imaging fiber bundle is located at the front end face of the needle body, wherein the at least one imaging fiber bundle is configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site, so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

[0007] In some embodiments, each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle can be configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site, and each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle has an objective lens of a size equivalent to that of the imaging fiber bundle attached to its front fiber end face.

[0008] In some embodiments, the at least one imaging fiber bundle may include two or more imaging fiber bundles arranged symmetrically in the needle body about the central axis of the needle body, so as to determine the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle body from the central direction of the target site based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light in the two or more imaging fiber bundles.

[0009] In some embodiments, the at least one imaging fiber bundle may include a first imaging fiber bundle configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and a second imaging fiber bundle configured to receive imaging response light from the target site, wherein one or more imaging fiber bundles in the first imaging fiber bundle are positioned adjacent to a corresponding one or more imaging fiber bundles in the second imaging fiber bundle, and each imaging fiber bundle in the second imaging fiber bundle has an objective lens of a size equivalent to that imaging fiber bundle attached to its front fiber end face.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the cross-section of the intervention needle, the minimum distance between the outer peripheral surface of each imaging fiber bundle in the at least one imaging fiber bundle and the outer peripheral surface of the working channel may not exceed 0.1 mm.

[0011] In some embodiments, the maximum outer diameter of each imaging fiber bundle in the at least one imaging fiber bundle can be at least 90% of the difference between the outer diameter of the needle body and the outer diameter of the working channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further include one or more illumination optical fibers arranged in the needle body and extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body, wherein the front fiber end face of the one or more illumination optical fibers is located at the front end face of the needle body, and wherein the one or more illumination optical fibers are configured to illuminate the target site within the living body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the one or more illumination fibers may include multiple illumination fibers configured to emit illumination light with different wavelengths from each other.

[0014] In some embodiments, the working channel may be configured to perform at least one of the following operations: delivering a medical device; delivering a drug; aspirating waste liquid; delivering a cleaning solution.

[0015] In some embodiments, at least one spare channel may be provided inside the needle body, the at least one spare channel being configured to perform at least one of the following operations: delivering a medical device; delivering a drug; aspirating waste liquid; delivering a cleaning solution.

[0016] In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further include: one or more sets of sensing optical fibers arranged in the needle body and extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body, such that the front fiber end face of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is located at the front end face of the needle body, wherein each set of sensing optical fibers is used to sense a corresponding parameter of the microenvironment inside the living body, each sensing optical fiber in each set of sensing optical fibers includes a probe with a photoluminescent material located at its front fiber end face, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the corresponding parameter, and wherein each sensing optical fiber in each set of sensing optical fibers is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emitted light from the photoluminescent material, so as to determine the corresponding parameter of the microenvironment inside the living body based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material.

[0017] In some embodiments, the set of or more sensing optical fibers may include one or more of the following: a first set of sensing optical fibers including one or more first sensing optical fibers for sensing the temperature of the microenvironment inside the living body, each of the first sensing optical fibers having a probe with a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature; a second set of sensing optical fibers including one or more second sensing optical fibers for sensing the oxygen concentration of the microenvironment inside the living body, each of the second sensing optical fibers having a probe with a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing optical fibers including one or more third sensing optical fibers for sensing the pH of the microenvironment inside the living body, each of the third sensing optical fibers having a probe with a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with pH.

[0018] In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further include an inner needle removably disposed within the working channel of the needle body, the inner needle being operable to enter the target site when the needle body is navigated to or near the target site.

[0019] In some embodiments, the inner needle may include one or more imaging fiber bundles disposed within the inner needle, the one or more imaging fiber bundles extending longitudinally along the central axis of the inner needle and having a front fiber end face located at or near the front end face of the inner needle, each of the one or more imaging fiber bundles having an objective lens of a size equivalent to that imaging fiber bundle attached to its front fiber end face, wherein the one or more imaging fiber bundles are configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site, so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

[0020] In some embodiments, the inner needle may include one or more sets of sensing optical fibers disposed within the inner needle, the sets of sensing optical fibers extending longitudinally along the central axis of the inner needle and having a front fiber end face located at or near the front end face of the inner needle, wherein each set of sensing optical fibers is used to sense a corresponding parameter of the microenvironment inside the target site, each of the sets of sensing optical fibers includes a probe with a photoluminescent material located at its front fiber end face, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the corresponding parameter, and wherein each of the sets of sensing optical fibers is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emitted light from the photoluminescent material, so as to determine the corresponding parameter of the microenvironment inside the target site based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material.

[0021] In some embodiments, the set of or more sensing optical fibers may include one or more of the following: a first set of sensing optical fibers including one or more first sensing optical fibers for sensing the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target site, wherein the probe of each of the first sensing optical fibers in the first set of sensing optical fibers has a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature; a second set of sensing optical fibers including one or more second sensing optical fibers for sensing the oxygen concentration of the microenvironment inside the target site, wherein the probe of each of the second sensing optical fibers in the second set of sensing optical fibers has a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing optical fibers including one or more third sensing optical fibers for sensing the pH of the microenvironment inside the target site, wherein the probe of each of the third sensing optical fibers in the third set of sensing optical fibers has a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with pH.

[0022] In some embodiments, each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers may be arranged rotationally symmetrically within the inner needle about the central axis of the inner needle, and wherein the inner needle may have a hollow channel for injecting a chemical ablation agent into the target site.

[0023] In some embodiments, the inner needle may be configured to thermally ablate the target site and includes one or more sets of temperature-sensing optical fibers disposed within the inner needle, the sets of temperature-sensing optical fibers extending longitudinally along the central axis of the inner needle, and the front fiber end face of each set of temperature-sensing optical fibers located at a corresponding cross-section of the inner needle between the front and rear ends, wherein each set of temperature-sensing optical fibers is used to sense the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target site, each temperature-sensing optical fiber including a probe with a photoluminescent material located at its front fiber end face, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature, and wherein each set of temperature-sensing optical fibers is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emitted light from the photoluminescent material, so as to determine the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target site based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first set of temperature sensing fibers in one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers may be closer to the front end face of the inner needle than the second set of temperature sensing fibers in one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers, and the temperature sensing fiber density of the first set of temperature sensing fibers is greater than the temperature sensing fiber density of the second set of temperature sensing fibers. The temperature sensing fiber density is the ratio of the number of a set of temperature sensing fibers to the area of ​​the cross-section of the inner needle where the front fiber end face of the set of temperature sensing fibers is located.

[0025] In some embodiments, the interventional needle may further include a navigation fiber bundle disposed in the needle body, the navigation fiber bundle extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body and having a front fiber end face located at the front end face of the needle body, wherein the navigation fiber bundle is configured to emit navigation probe light into the living body and receive navigation response light from the navigation probe light, so as to locate and distinguish undesirable sites within the living body to be punctured by the interventional needle based on the navigation response light.

[0026] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a rigid endoscope is provided, the rigid endoscope including an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope as described in any of the foregoing embodiments of this disclosure.

[0027] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become clearer from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. The embodiments set forth in the drawings are illustrative and exemplary in nature and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments will be clearly understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein similar structures are indicated by similar reference numerals, and wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic top view of an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic side view of an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an imaging fiber bundle in an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figures 4A to 4C Several example arrangements of the imaging fiber bundle for an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated respectively.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic top view of an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic top view of an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic top view of an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a sensing fiber in an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figures 9A to 9C Several example photoluminescent materials used in probes for sensing optical fibers in interventional needles of rigid endoscopes, illustrating one or more exemplary embodiments of this disclosure;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic top view of an example internal needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic top view of another example internal needle for an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 12A and Figure 12B These are, respectively, top and side views schematically illustrating yet another example of an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0042] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the scope of this disclosure or its application or use. That is, the structures and methods herein are shown in an exemplary manner to illustrate different embodiments of the structures and methods in this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will understand that they merely illustrate exemplary ways that can be used to implement this disclosure, and not exhaustive ways. Furthermore, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and some features may be enlarged to show details of specific components.

[0043] In addition, techniques, methods and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0044] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0045] When performing interventional procedures, doctors can use a rigid endoscope to guide an interventional needle into the patient's body. The imagery of the patient's internal environment provided by the rigid endoscope guides the doctor in placing the needle near the target site (e.g., a lesion like a tumor). However, the flexibility of needle manipulation can be limited by the attachment between the needle and the rigid endoscope, and there may be a slight deviation between the actual insertion point and the endoscope's field of view. Therefore, doctors often rely solely on experience and feel to determine the needle's direction and position relative to the target site. Furthermore, current rigid endoscopes cannot provide in-situ, real-time imaging of the target site or monitor the microenvironment within and outside the target area, thus failing to provide useful information for immediate diagnostic and treatment decisions.

[0046] To this end, this disclosure provides an interventional needle (hereinafter referred to as the interventional needle) for a rigid endoscope, the interventional needle having a working channel eccentrically arranged within the needle body of the interventional needle, thereby optimizing the spatial layout of the components of the interventional needle and thus saving internal space, which is beneficial for miniaturization design of the interventional needle. When used with existing rigid endoscopes, the miniaturized interventional needle offers less operational freedom due to the attachment between the interventional needle and the rigid endoscope, and the deviation between the actual insertion position of the interventional needle and the field of view of the rigid endoscope is also smaller. Furthermore, the interventional needle according to this disclosure can have optical imaging capabilities, allowing direct imaging of the interior of a living organism or even the target site using the interventional needle itself. Therefore, the interventional needle with optical imaging capabilities can be integrated into a rigid endoscope, eliminating the need for attachment and thus providing greater operational freedom. The actual insertion position of the interventional needle aligns with the field of view, allowing observation not only of surface features of the target site but also of deeper features. Furthermore, the interventional needle according to this disclosure can have a real-time optical navigation function to efficiently guide the needle insertion process, avoiding important areas such as blood vessels and organs that need protection during the percutaneous entry of the needle into the living body to reach the target site. Moreover, the interventional needle according to this disclosure can also have a real-time in-situ microenvironment sensing function, enabling it to sense various parameters and their distribution of the microenvironment both inside and outside the target site in situ and in real time during the percutaneous entry of the needle into the living body to reach the target site, and after the needle has entered the target site, providing a wealth of useful reference information for physicians' immediate diagnostic and treatment decisions.

[0047] The interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that actual interventional needles may contain other components, but these are not shown in the drawings and will not be discussed herein to avoid obscuring the key points of the disclosure. It should also be noted that, in this document, "anterior" refers to the side closer to the target site and further away from the operator (usually the physician), and "posterior" refers to the side further away from the target site and closer to the operator.

[0048] Figure 1 and Figure 2 An interventional needle 100 for a rigid endoscope is schematically illustrated according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein, Figure 1 This is a top view showing the intervention needle 100 viewed from front to back. Figure 2 This is a side view of the intervention needle 100 as viewed in a direction perpendicular to the front-back direction.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the interventional needle 100 includes a needle body 102. The needle body 102 can be configured for percutaneous intervention in a living organism (e.g., a human or animal body) and has a front end face 102-1 and a rear end face 102-2 opposite to the front end face 102-1. The needle body 102 can be made of any suitable material, such as biomedical metallic materials, including but not limited to one or more of stainless steel, synthetic fibers, carbon fibers, titanium alloys, gold, silver, etc. The needle body 102 may have a hollow structure to provide a working channel 102-4 inside the needle body 102. In some embodiments, the working channel 102-4 can be configured to perform at least one of the following operations: delivery of a drug (e.g., a drug for treatment / hemostasis); delivery of a cleaning fluid (e.g., saline solution, for cleaning dirt / washing wounds, etc.); aspiration of waste fluid (e.g., dirty cleaning fluid, spilled blood, etc.); delivery of a medical device (e.g., an inner needle described later).

[0050] As in Figure 1 It can be clearly seen that the working channel 102-4 is eccentrically arranged within the needle body 102 about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102. Here, "eccentrically arranged" can be understood as: in the cross-section of the intervention needle 100, the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102 is offset from the central axis 102-40 of the working channel 102-4. For example, in... Figure 1In this embodiment, the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102 and the central axis 102-40 of the working channel 102-4 can be arranged in a staggered manner, such that the outer peripheral surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 and the outer peripheral surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 are arranged in an approximately tangent manner. Here, the minimum distance between the outer peripheral surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 and the outer peripheral surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 can, for example, not exceed 0.1 mm, or not exceed 0.15 mm, or not exceed 0.2 mm, or not exceed 0.25 mm, or not exceed 0.3 mm, or not exceed 0.35 mm, etc. By eccentrically arranging the working channel 102-4 within the needle body 102, other components of the interventional needle 100 (such as the illumination fiber 103, imaging fiber bundle 104, navigation fiber bundle 105, sensing fiber 106, and spare channel 107, which will be described below) can be centrally arranged on the side of the needle body 102 away from the working channel 102-4. This optimizes the spatial layout of the components of the interventional needle 100, allowing the eccentrically arranged working channel 102-4 to have a larger cross-sectional area compared to a centrally arranged working channel within the needle body 102, thus providing more operating space, while keeping the dimensions of the other components of the interventional needle 100 constant. From another perspective, while keeping the cross-sectional area of ​​the working channel 102-4 constant, the needle body 102 of the interventional needle 100 can be constructed to be smaller, which is beneficial for the miniaturization design of the interventional needle 100. When used with existing rigid endoscopes, the miniaturized interventional needle 100 is less restricted in its operational freedom by the attachment between the interventional needle 100 and the rigid endoscope, and the deviation between the actual insertion position of the interventional needle 100 and the field of view of the rigid endoscope is also smaller, thereby enabling more accurate interventional diagnostic and treatment procedures.

[0051] Understandable, although Figure 1 The cross-sectional shape of the needle body 102 and the working channel 102-4 is illustrated as a circle, but this is merely exemplary and not limiting; the needle body 102 and the working channel 102-4 can have any suitable cross-sectional shape. Furthermore, although... Figure 1 The outer peripheral surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 is arranged in an approximately tangent manner to the outer peripheral surface 102-5 of the needle body 102, but this is merely exemplary and not restrictive. The working channel 102-4 can also be arranged in other positions of the needle body 102 as needed.

[0052] In some embodiments, the interventional needle 100 may further include at least one imaging fiber bundle 104. Each imaging fiber bundle 104 may include a bundle of multiple optical fibers. The at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 is arranged in the needle body 102 and extends longitudinally along the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102. For example, as Figure 1 As shown, the intervention needle 100 includes five imaging fiber bundles 104a-104e. Some of the five imaging fiber bundles 104a-104e have different sizes, but this is merely exemplary and not limiting. The intervention needle 100 may include any suitable number, shape, and / or size of imaging fiber bundles 104, see, for example, [reference needed]. Figures 4A to 4C , Figures 5 to 7 . refer to Figure 2 The front fiber end face 104-1 of these imaging fiber bundles 104 is located at the front end face 102-1 of the needle body 102. Note that... Figure 2 It is along Figure 1 The diagram shows a side view taken horizontally in the plane of the image, therefore Figure 2 The working channel 102-4 is not actually arranged in the center of the needle body 102 about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102.

[0053] The at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 can be configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from that target site, so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light. Thus, the interventional needle 100 can use the imaging fiber bundle 104 disposed in the needle body 102 to image the interior of the living body to obtain the surface features of the target site. By providing the imaging fiber bundle 104 in the needle body 102, the interventional needle 100 itself can have optical imaging capabilities, allowing for direct imaging without the need for additional optical imaging components of a rigid endoscope. Therefore, the interventional needle 100 with optical imaging capabilities can itself be used as part of a rigid endoscope, eliminating the need for attachment to a rigid endoscope, providing greater operational freedom, and ensuring that the actual insertion position of the interventional needle 100 aligns with the field of view, facilitating the accurate implementation of interventional diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

[0054] In some embodiments, the imaging response light from the target region may be reflected light from the imaging probe light by the target region. In some embodiments, the imaging response light from the target region may be emitted light emitted by the target region in response to absorbing the imaging probe light. In some examples, the target region may be pre-enriched with photoluminescent material by means such as injection, and then imaging probe light including the excitation wavelength of the photoluminescent material may be emitted towards the target region via the imaging fiber bundle 104, and the imaging response light emitted by the target region in response to absorbing the imaging probe light may be received, so as to image the target region based on the imaging response light.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 includes two or more imaging fiber bundles 104 arranged symmetrically within the needle body 102 about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102. The symmetrical distribution of the imaging fiber bundles 104 facilitates determining the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 from the central direction of the target location based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104. Here, the symmetrical distribution of the imaging fiber bundles 104 can be, for example, an axially symmetric distribution, and more preferably, a rotationally symmetric distribution. For example, the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 includes two imaging fiber bundles 104c and 104e arranged rotationally symmetrically within the needle body 102 about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102.

[0056] In some examples of embodiments where the imaging response light is the reflected light from the imaging probe light at the target site, the wavelength range of the imaging probe light can be determined based on the characteristic absorption spectral properties of the target site. For example, assuming the target site has an absorption peak at a first wavelength, an imaging probe light including the first wavelength can be emitted to the target site via the imaging fiber bundle 104, and then the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the first wavelength position can be analyzed. If the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the first wavelength position is distributed among the two imaging fiber bundles 104c and 104e such that it is stronger at imaging fiber bundle 104c than at imaging fiber bundle 104e, it indicates that the insertion direction of the needle body 102 is lower than the center direction of the target part. If the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the first wavelength position is distributed among the two imaging fiber bundles 104c and 104e such that it is weaker at imaging fiber bundle 104c than at imaging fiber bundle 104e, it indicates that the insertion direction of the needle body 102 is higher than the center direction of the target part. If the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the first wavelength position is equal to that at imaging fiber bundle 104c and 104e such that it is equal at imaging fiber bundle 104c than at imaging fiber bundle 104e, it indicates that the insertion direction of the needle body 102 does not deviate from the center direction of the target part in the vertical direction. In some embodiments, the needle body 102 can be further rotated 90 degrees to similarly determine whether the insertion direction of the needle body 102 deviates from the center direction of the target site in the horizontal direction by utilizing the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the first wavelength position in the two imaging fiber bundles 104c and 104e. Similarly, the deviation of the insertion direction of the needle body 102 from the center direction of the target site can be determined based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light in the two imaging fiber bundles 104c and 104e, thereby assisting the doctor in adjusting the insertion direction of the needle body 102 in a timely manner. Furthermore, when the signal intensity of the imaging response light is uniformly distributed in the two imaging fiber bundles 104c and 104e, it can be determined that the insertion direction of the needle body 102 has not deviated from the center direction of the target site. In some examples, if the target region has absorption peaks at multiple wavelengths, imaging probe light including at least two of the multiple wavelengths can be emitted towards the target region via imaging fiber bundle 104. The absolute or relative values ​​of the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the positions of the at least two wavelengths are then analyzed within the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104. This can help to more accurately determine the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 from the center direction of the target region based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light within the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104.

[0057] In some examples of embodiments where the imaging response light is the emitted light emitted by the target site in response to the absorption of the imaging probe light, the target site can be pre-enriched with photoluminescent material by means such as injection. Then, imaging probe light including the excitation wavelength of the photoluminescent material can be emitted towards the target site via the imaging fiber bundle 104, and the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the emission wavelength of the photoluminescent material can be analyzed. Taking the diagnosis and treatment of liver tumors as an example, doctors usually need to perform interventional surgery on the liver with tumors. Before the surgery, a photoluminescent material, such as the clinically approved Indocyanine Green (ICG) dye, is generally injected. Thus, as the interventional needle 100 moves towards the liver tumor, a 730nm imaging probe light can be emitted via the imaging fiber bundle to excite the ICG dye enriched in the liver tumor to emit light, and the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at the emission wavelength of the ICG dye can be analyzed. If the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the emission wavelength is distributed among the two imaging fiber bundles 104c and 104e such that it is stronger at imaging fiber bundle 104c than at imaging fiber bundle 104e, it indicates that the insertion direction of the needle body 102 is slightly upward relative to the center direction of the target area. If the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the emission wavelength is distributed among the two imaging fiber bundles 104c and 104e such that it is weaker at imaging fiber bundle 104c than at imaging fiber bundle 104e, it indicates that the insertion direction of the needle body 102 is slightly downward relative to the center direction of the target area. If the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the emission wavelength is equal to that at imaging fiber bundle 104c and 104e such that it is equal at imaging fiber bundle 104c than at imaging fiber bundle 104e, it indicates that the insertion direction of the needle body 102 is not deviated from the center direction of the target area in the vertical direction. In some embodiments, the needle body 102 can be further rotated 90 degrees to similarly determine whether the insertion direction of the needle body 102 deviates horizontally from the center direction of the target site by utilizing the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light at the emission wavelength position within the two imaging fiber bundles 104c, 104e. In some examples, if the target site has emission peaks at multiple wavelength positions, the absolute or relative values ​​of the signal intensity of the received imaging response light at at least two of the multiple wavelength positions can be analyzed within the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104. This can help to more accurately determine the deviation of the insertion direction of the needle body 102 from the center direction of the target site based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light within the two or more imaging fiber bundles 104.

[0058] Therefore, the interventional needle 100 can also achieve real-time optical navigation through the imaging fiber bundle 104. This not only helps the doctor navigate the interventional needle 100 to the vicinity of the target site, but also helps the doctor confirm whether the insertion direction and position of the interventional needle 100 are appropriate. Two or more symmetrically arranged imaging fiber bundles 104 can also additionally or alternatively achieve the following function: during operation, the field of view of a single imaging fiber bundle 104 may be obstructed. Therefore, two or more symmetrically arranged imaging fiber bundles 104 can reduce the possibility of the field of view being completely obstructed, making the operator's field of view more comprehensive, stable and clear.

[0059] Additionally, in some embodiments, each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 can be configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site. For example, as Figure 1 As shown, each imaging fiber bundle 104a-104e has both light emission and light reception functions. In some embodiments, each imaging fiber bundle 104a-104e may have an objective lens 104-3 of similar size attached to its front fiber end face 104-1. For example, the objective lens 104-3 may be a miniature objective lens with a diameter in the range of 0.3 mm to 1 mm, such as a fisheye lens. Figure 3 An example structure of an imaging fiber bundle 104 is shown, having a front fiber end face 104-1 and a rear fiber end face 104-2. An objective lens 104-3 is mounted on the front fiber end face 104-1 to facilitate light collection by the imaging fiber bundle 104. In embodiments where each of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 has both light emission and light reception functions, in some examples, some or all of the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 may be arranged symmetrically (e.g., rotationally symmetrically) about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102.

[0060] Alternatively, the light emission function and the light reception function can be performed by different imaging fiber bundles 104. In some embodiments, the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 may include a first imaging fiber bundle configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living organism and a second imaging fiber bundle configured to receive imaging response light from the target site. That is, the first imaging fiber bundle is used to perform the light emission function, while the second imaging fiber bundle is used to perform the light reception function. For example, refer to... Figure 4A(For clarity, working channels 102-4 are not shown here to avoid obscuring the focus, and the imaging fiber bundles 104a-104d exemplarily have the same shape and size.) The first imaging fiber bundle may include imaging fiber bundles 104a and 104c (which may be referred to as transmitting imaging fiber bundles for illustrative purposes and are indicated by left-hand shading in the figure), while the second imaging fiber bundle may include imaging fiber bundles 104b and 104d (which may be referred to as receiving imaging fiber bundles for illustrative purposes and are indicated by right-hand shading in the figure). The second imaging fiber bundle may include at least two imaging fiber bundles. In some examples, some or all of the at least two imaging fiber bundles of the second imaging fiber bundle may be arranged symmetrically about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102, for example, axially symmetrically or rotationally symmetrically in the needle body 102. As previously mentioned, the deviation of the needle insertion direction of the needle body 102 from the central direction of the target area can be determined similarly based on the distribution of the signal intensity of the imaging response light among the symmetrically arranged imaging fiber bundles in the second imaging fiber bundle, which will not be repeated here. Each imaging fiber bundle in the second imaging fiber bundle may, for example, have an objective lens of similar size attached to its front fiber end face to facilitate light collection. The number and arrangement of the imaging fiber bundles in the first imaging fiber bundle can be configured in any suitable manner. For example, the suitability of the configuration of the first imaging fiber bundle can be simply determined as follows: with the insertion needle 100 positioned perpendicular to the mirror surface in front of it, light of the same intensity is transmitted to each transmitting imaging fiber bundle in the first imaging fiber bundle, and the emitted light intensity of each receiving imaging fiber bundle in the second imaging fiber bundle is determined to be the same. If so, the configuration of the first imaging fiber bundle can be considered suitable. In some examples, the first imaging fiber bundle can be configured such that the relative positional relationship between the receiving imaging fiber bundles and each transmitting imaging fiber bundle is the same among the receiving imaging fiber bundles in the second imaging fiber bundle. In some examples, the first imaging fiber bundle can be symmetrically distributed on a first circle about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102, and the second imaging fiber bundle can be symmetrically distributed on a second circle concentric with the first circle about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102. The first circle and the second circle can have the same diameter (i.e., the first and second imaging fiber bundles are each symmetrically distributed on the same circle), for example, see reference. Figure 4A and Figure 4B Alternatively, the first circle may have a larger or smaller diameter than the second circle, for example, see reference. Figure 4C , among which, Figures 4A to 4CThe first and second circles are indicated by dashed lines, and for clarity, neither of them shows the working channels 102-4. In some embodiments, one or more transmitting imaging fiber bundles from the first imaging fiber bundle may be positioned adjacent to one or more receiving imaging fiber bundles from the second imaging fiber bundle. For example, in Figure 4B In this configuration, each receiving imaging fiber bundle is positioned adjacent to two corresponding transmitting imaging fiber bundles; Figure 4C In this configuration, each receiving imaging fiber bundle is positioned adjacent to a corresponding transmitting imaging fiber bundle.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, in the cross-section of the intervention needle 100, the outer peripheral surface 104-5 of each imaging fiber bundle 104 in the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 and the outer peripheral surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 can be arranged in an approximately tangential manner. Here, the minimum distance between the outer peripheral surface 104-5 of each imaging fiber bundle 104 and the outer peripheral surface 102-45 of the working channel 102-4 can be no more than 0.1 mm, or no more than 0.15 mm, or no more than 0.2 mm, or no more than 0.25 mm, or no more than 0.3 mm, or no more than 0.35 mm, etc. In some embodiments, in the cross-section of the intervention needle 100, the outer peripheral surface 104-5 of each imaging fiber bundle 104 in the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 and the outer peripheral surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 can be arranged in an approximately tangential manner. Here, the minimum distance between the outer peripheral surface 104-5 of each imaging fiber bundle 104 and the outer peripheral surface 102-5 of the needle body 102 may not exceed 0.1 mm, or 0.15 mm, or 0.2 mm, or 0.25 mm, or 0.3 mm, or 0.35 mm, etc. In some embodiments, the maximum value of the outer diameter of each imaging fiber bundle 104 in the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 may be at least 86%, at least 88%, at least 90%, at least 92%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100% of the difference between the outer diameter of the needle body 102 and the outer diameter of the working channel 102-4.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown (working channels 102-4 are not shown for clarity), the interventional needle 100 may further include a navigation fiber bundle 105 disposed within the needle body 102. The navigation fiber bundle 105 may extend longitudinally along the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102 and have a front fiber end face 105-1 located at the front end face of the needle body 102. The navigation fiber bundle 105 may be configured to emit navigation detection light into the living body and receive navigation response light originating from the navigation detection light, so as to locate and distinguish, based on the navigation response light, sites within the living body that are not desired to be punctured by the interventional needle 100, or important sites, such as blood vessels, organs, etc., to avoid surgical accidents. In some embodiments, the navigation response light may be emitted light by an important site in response to the absorption of the navigation detection light; for example, different important sites may be pre-enriched with different photoluminescent materials with different emission spectra by means of injection or other methods. In some embodiments, the navigation response light may be reflected light from the important site to the navigation detection light; for example, different important sites may have different absorption spectra. The navigation fiber bundle 105 can be used to alternately emit navigation probe light, including absorption wavelengths unique to each important site, to locate and identify each important site in turn. Alternatively, the navigation fiber bundle 105 can emit navigation probe light including multiple absorption wavelengths common to multiple important sites and analyze the relative values ​​of the signal intensities of the received navigation response light at the multiple absorption wavelengths to locate and identify each important site. For example, for veins and arteries (which have distinctly different colors), the navigation fiber bundle 105 can alternately emit navigation probe light at 680nm and 850nm. Since veins have a first ratio of absorption intensity at 680nm to absorption intensity at 850nm, while arteries have a second ratio different from the first ratio, the ratio of the signal intensity of the navigation response light at 680nm to the signal intensity at 850nm can be used to determine whether it is a vein or an artery, guiding the doctor to avoid them when operating the interventional needle 100. In some embodiments, the imaging fiber bundle 104 mentioned above can also be used as the navigation fiber bundle 105 here. That is, the imaging fiber bundle 104 can also be used to perform the function of guiding the interventional needle 100 to avoid critical areas. For example, the imaging fiber bundle 104 can alternately emit imaging probe light and navigation probe light to alternately perform the functions of imaging the target area and guiding the interventional needle 100 to avoid critical areas. The arrangement embodiment of the navigation fiber bundle 105 can be similar to the arrangement embodiment of the imaging fiber bundle 104, and will not be described again here.

[0063] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, the interventional needle 100 may further include one or more illumination optical fibers 103, which are arranged in the needle body 102 and extend longitudinally along the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102. The front fiber end face of the one or more illumination optical fibers 103 is located at the front end face 102-1 of the needle body 102. The one or more illumination optical fibers 103 can be configured to illuminate a target area within the living body. The illumination optical fiber 103 may be, for example, a single optical fiber, which can be much thinner than the imaging fiber bundle 104, thus allowing multiple illumination optical fibers 103 to be arranged at multiple locations within the needle body 102. In some embodiments, the one or more illumination optical fibers 103 may include multiple illumination optical fibers 103 configured to emit illumination light with different wavelengths. For example, the wavelength ranges of the illumination light from the multiple illumination optical fibers 103 may differ from each other but partially overlap to collectively form a wider wavelength range. The light transmitted through the illumination fiber 103, compared to the imaging probe light transmitted through the imaging fiber bundle 104, may have at least one of the following characteristics: greater brightness, wider color gamut, or higher color saturation. Therefore, the illumination fiber 103 can illuminate the field of view of the imaging fiber bundle 104, which is beneficial for improving the imaging quality of the imaging fiber bundle 104.

[0064] In some embodiments, at least one spare channel 107 may be provided inside the needle body 102 (in Figure 6 In the embodiments described herein, two backup channels 107 are shown as non-limiting examples. The at least one backup channel 107 may be configured, for example, to perform at least one of the following operations: delivering a medical device; delivering a drug; aspirating waste fluid; delivering a cleaning solution. The at least one backup channel 107 may be configured to cooperate with working channels 102-4. For example, one backup channel 107 may be used to deliver a cleaning solution while another backup channel 107 may be used to aspirate waste fluid, while working channels 102-4 may be used to deliver a medical device for manipulation on a wound cleaned via the cleaning solution delivered through the backup channel 107 using the medical device delivered through the working channel 102-4. Figure 6 As shown, the at least one backup channel 107 can be constructed to be narrower than the working channel 102-4.

[0065] Various embodiments of the interventional needle 100 with in-situ real-time microenvironment sensing capabilities will be described below. For example... Figure 7As shown (working channels 102-4 are not shown for clarity), in some embodiments, the interventional needle 100 may alternatively or additionally include one or more sets of sensing optical fibers 106, which are arranged in the needle body 102 and extend longitudinally along the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102, such that the front fiber end face 106-1 of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers 106 is located at the front end face 102-1 of the needle body 102, so as to directly contact the microenvironment inside the living body. Each set of sensing optical fibers 106 can be used to sense a corresponding parameter of the microenvironment inside the living body. Each sensing optical fiber in each set of sensing optical fibers 106 may include a probe with a photoluminescent material located at its front fiber end face, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the corresponding parameter. Each sensing fiber in one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 can be configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emitted light from the photoluminescent material, so as to determine a corresponding parameter of the microenvironment inside the living body based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material. In some embodiments, each set of sensing fibers 106 can be arranged symmetrically about the central axis 102-0 of the needle body 102. The symmetrical arrangement of the sensing fibers can facilitate the analysis of the distribution of parameters of the microenvironment. In some examples, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 can be distributed rotationally symmetrically on one or more concentric circles. In some examples, two or more sets of sensing fibers 106 can be distributed on the same circle. In some embodiments, the one or more sets of sensing fibers 106 can be distributed on the same circle as the at least one imaging fiber bundle 104 (e.g., Figure 7 The sensing fiber (indicated by the dashed line in the diagram) is located on or distributed across different concentric circles. The sensing fiber can be, for example, a single optical fiber, which can be much thinner than the imaging fiber bundle.

[0066] In some embodiments, the set or multiple sets of sensing optical fibers 106 may include one or more of the following: a first set of sensing optical fibers, including one or more first sensing optical fibers for sensing the temperature of the microenvironment inside a living organism, each of the first sensing optical fibers having a probe with a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature; a second set of sensing optical fibers, including one or more second sensing optical fibers for sensing the oxygen concentration of the microenvironment inside a living organism, each of the second sensing optical fibers having a probe with a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing optical fibers, including one or more third sensing optical fibers for sensing the pH of the microenvironment inside a living organism, each of the third sensing optical fibers having a probe with a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with pH. For example, refer to... Figure 7 The intervention needle 100 may include a first set of sensing optical fibers 1061a for sensing temperature, a second set of sensing optical fibers 1062a for sensing oxygen concentration, and a third set of sensing optical fibers 1063a for sensing acidity / alkalinity. Although Figure 7 The illustration shows each group of sensing fibers as comprising one sensing fiber, but this is merely exemplary and not limiting; each group of sensing fibers may include any suitable number of sensing fibers. When each group of sensing fibers includes multiple sensing fibers distributed at different locations, it helps to determine the distribution of the corresponding parameter. As a non-limiting example, the first photoluminescent material may include Er 3+ Doped rare earth upconversion nanoparticles (such as Figure 9A As shown, the core is Er 3+ Doped rare-earth nanoparticles, with an outer shell to enhance luminescence properties, form core-shell structured NaYF4:Yb,Er@NaLuF4 upconversion nanoparticles. For example, 980 nm excitation light can be transmitted to them via a first sensing fiber, and the temperature change in the microenvironment can be determined based on the change in the ratio of the signal intensity at 525 nm and 545 nm in their emission spectrum. The second photoluminescent material can include benzo[a]porphyrin-based metal complexes (such as...). Figure 9B As shown, for example, 635 nm excitation light can be transmitted to it via a second sensing fiber, and then the change in oxygen concentration in the microenvironment can be determined based on the change in its emission intensity, and the third photoluminescent material may include polymethyl cyanine dye derivatives (such as... Figure 9C As shown, for example, excitation light at 635 nm and 680 nm can be transmitted to it via a third sensing fiber, and the change in pH can be determined based on the change in the ratio of the emission intensities under the two excitation conditions. (Reference) Figure 8The sensing fiber 106 may include a front fiber end face 106-1 and a rear fiber end face 106-2, with a probe 106-3 formed on the front fiber end face 106-1. For example, a photoluminescent material can be premixed with a polymer matrix material and then added to a cylindrical hollow mold for curing to obtain the probe. The probe is then fused and assembled onto one end of the fiber to obtain the sensing fiber 106. The polymer matrix material may include, for example, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. These polymer materials have good biocompatibility and can organically fuse with the fiber to form a thin layer that modifies the fiber surface, achieving biofunctionalization. The sensing fiber 106 prepared in this disclosure can have excellent detection performance indicators, such as temperature detection better than ±1 degree Celsius, oxygen concentration detection better than ±1%, and pH detection better than ±0.1%.

[0067] Through these sensing optical fibers 106, the state and distribution of various parameters of the local microenvironment in the living body where the tip of the needle 102 is located can be obtained in situ in real time. This helps guide doctors to make reliable diagnostic and treatment decisions in a timely manner. For example, when the oxygen concentration is found to be too low, doctors cannot use photodynamic therapy to treat the tumor and need to use other therapies instead.

[0068] In some embodiments, the intervention needle 100 may further include an optical fiber interface (not shown), which may be disposed on the rear end face 102-2 of the needle body 102 or on a portion of the side of the needle body 102 near the rear end face 102-2. For example, the rear fiber end faces of all the optical fibers (illumination fiber 103, imaging fiber bundle 104, navigation fiber bundle 105, sensing fiber 106) of the needle body 102 may be arranged at the optical fiber interface according to a predetermined pattern. For example, all the rear fiber end faces may be arranged in an array at the optical fiber interface. With such an arrangement, it is convenient to detect signals from each rear fiber end face by imaging the optical fiber interface, and it is also convenient to couple the desired light into each rear fiber end face. In some examples, the rear fiber end faces of the optical fibers for emitting light may be arranged together at the optical fiber interface, and the rear fiber end faces of the optical fibers for receiving light may be arranged together, so as to input light into and output light from the optical fibers of the intervention needle 100. In some examples, the intervention needle 100 may include a first fiber optic interface with a rear fiber optic end face for emitting light and a second fiber optic interface with a rear fiber optic end face for receiving light. The fiber optic interfaces can be optically coupled to a light source and detection device outside the living organism using suitable optical transmission components such as fiber optic connectors or optical cables.

[0069] Return to reference Figure 2In some embodiments, the interventional needle 100 may further include an inner needle 110 removably disposed within the working channel 102-4 of the needle body 102. The inner needle 110 may be made of any suitable material, such as biomedical metallic materials, including but not limited to one or more of stainless steel, synthetic fibers, carbon fibers, titanium alloys, gold, and silver. The inner needle 110 may be formed of the same material as the needle body 102. The inner needle 110 is operable to enter the target site when the needle body 102 is navigated to or near the target site. Generally, the needle body 102 may stop moving when it has moved to a position approximately 2 mm near the target site, and then the inner needle 110 is inserted into the target site by pushing it. Because of the eccentric arrangement of the working channel 102-4 of the interventional needle 100, the working channel 102-4 can provide a larger operating space. Therefore, the inner needle 110 can have a greater degree of freedom of operation within the working channel 102-4. For example, it can not only achieve linear movement, but also nonlinear movements such as rotation and swing, thus allowing doctors to control the inner needle 110 to perform complex and diverse operations.

[0070] The inner needle 110 can be configured similarly to the various embodiments of the needle body 102 described above. Considering practical clinical needs and functional complementarity with the needle body 102, the design of the inner needle 110 can also differ somewhat from that of the needle body 102. For example, considering that the inner needle 110 and the needle body 102 form a nested structure, when the insertion direction of the needle body 102 is determined using the imaging fiber bundle 104 and / or navigation fiber bundle 105 in the needle body 102, the insertion direction of the inner needle 110 is also essentially determined accordingly. Therefore, it is not necessary to additionally arrange a navigation fiber bundle on the inner needle 110 for navigation and positioning. On the other hand, the inner needle 110 can be designed to achieve different functions for different diagnostic and treatment modes. The following will combine... Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12A and Figure 12B Here are some examples of inner needles.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10As shown, the inner needle 110 may include one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 disposed within the inner needle 110. These imaging fiber bundles 112 extend longitudinally along the central axis 110-0 of the inner needle 110 and have a front fiber end face 112-1 located at or near the front end face 110-1 of the inner needle 110. In some examples, each of the one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 may have an objective lens, such as a fisheye lens, of similar size attached to its front fiber end face 112-1. The one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 may be configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within a living organism and receive imaging response light from the target site, so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light. The imaging response light may be reflected light (e.g., direct imaging) or emitted light (e.g., fluorescence imaging) derived from the imaging probe light. Such an inner needle 110 may be referred to as an imaging inner needle. The imaging fiber bundles of the imaging inner needle 110 may not have sensing capabilities and may only be used for real-time in-situ imaging. The imaging fiber bundle 112 may comprise multiple bundled optical fibers, which may be thicker than the aforementioned sensing fiber 106 but thinner than the imaging fiber bundle 104 and / or navigation fiber bundle 105. A commercially available imaging fiber bundle 112 may be used in the imaging inner needle 110. In some embodiments, the imaging fiber bundle 112 of the imaging inner needle 110 may be, for example, a near-infrared imaging fiber bundle, and the imaging probe light may, for example, include light with a wavelength of 1064 nm. It is understood that imaging probe light in other wavelength ranges is also feasible. The imaging inner needle 110 may, for example, be a modified 22G (international standard needle specification) non-invasive needle, employing wide-angle retinal technology and beam shaping technology to optically reconstruct imaging of the target site, and can be used for real-time tissue microstructure imaging in ultra-fine regions. In some embodiments, each imaging fiber bundle 112 may be configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward the target site in vivo and receive imaging response light from the target site, i.e., each imaging fiber bundle has both light emission and light reception functions. In some embodiments, a portion of the one or more imaging fiber bundles 112 may be configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body, while another portion may be configured to receive imaging response light from the target site; that is, the light emission and light reception functions are performed by different imaging fiber bundles. These imaging fiber bundles 112 can be arranged in any suitable manner, for example, in an array, such as... Figure 10 As shown.

[0072] By setting the imaging inner needle 110, the intervention needle 100 can obtain deep features of the target area by inserting the imaging inner needle 110 into the target area and using the imaging fiber bundle 112 set in the imaging inner needle 110 to image the inside of the target area.

[0073] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 As shown, the inner needle 110 may include one or more sets of sensing optical fibers 116 arranged within the inner needle 110. These sets of sensing optical fibers 116 extend longitudinally along the central axis 110-0 of the inner needle 110 and have a front fiber end face 116-1 located at or near the front end face 110-1 of the inner needle 110. Each set of sensing optical fibers 116 can be used to sense a corresponding parameter of the microenvironment within the target site. Each sensing optical fiber in each set of sensing optical fibers 116 may include a probe with a photoluminescent material located at its front fiber end face 116-1. The photoluminescent material can be configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the corresponding parameter. Each sensing optical fiber in each set of sensing optical fibers 116 can be configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emitted light from the photoluminescent material, so as to determine the corresponding parameter of the microenvironment within the target site based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material. The sensing fiber 116 disposed in the inner needle 110 can be similar to the sensing fiber 106 disposed in the needle body 102 described above, and will not be elaborated further here. Such an inner needle 110 can be referred to as an interventional inner needle. Since the needle body 102 usually does not enter the target site, the sensing fiber 106 disposed in the needle body 102 cannot sense the parameters of the microenvironment inside the target site. However, the interventional inner needle 110 can be inserted into the target site, so the sensing fiber 116 disposed in the interventional inner needle 110 can be used to sense the parameters of the local microenvironment inside the target site in situ in real time. In some embodiments, for example, refer to Figure 11The set of one or more sensing optical fibers 116 may include one or more of the following: a first set of sensing optical fibers, including one or more first sensing optical fibers 1161a-1161d for sensing the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target site, wherein the probe of each of the first sensing optical fibers has a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature; a second set of sensing optical fibers, including one or more second sensing optical fibers 1162a, 1162b for sensing the oxygen concentration of the microenvironment inside the target site, wherein the probe of each of the second sensing optical fibers has a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with oxygen concentration; and a third set of sensing optical fibers, including one or more third sensing optical fibers 1163a, 1163b for sensing the pH of the microenvironment inside the target site, wherein the probe of each of the third sensing optical fibers has a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with pH. In some examples, the interventional needle 110 can also be modified based on a 22G non-invasive needle, thus allowing for needle placement at multiple sites in vivo based on the characteristics of the non-invasive needle, providing a tool basis for studying the interconnectedness of the microenvironment or monitoring physiological states. In some embodiments, each of the one or more sets of sensing fibers 116 can be arranged symmetrically (e.g., rotationally symmetrically) about the central axis 110-0 of the interventional needle 110. The symmetrical arrangement of the sensing fibers can facilitate the analysis of the distribution of parameters in the microenvironment. In some embodiments, the interventional needle 110 can also have a hollow channel 110-4, for example, for injecting a chemical ablation agent (e.g., alcohol, etc.) into the target site for chemical ablation. In some examples, the hollow channel 110-4 can be arranged concentrically about the central axis 110-0 of the interventional needle 110, for example, as Figure 11 As shown. In some examples, the hollow channel 110-4 can also be arranged eccentrically about the central axis 110-0 of the interventional needle 110. This optimizes the spatial layout of the components of the interventional needle 110, allowing the eccentrically arranged hollow channel 110-4 to have a larger cross-sectional area while keeping the other components and their dimensions constant, thus providing more operating space. From another perspective, the interventional needle 110 can be constructed smaller while keeping the cross-sectional area of ​​the hollow channel 110-4 constant, which is beneficial for miniaturization. When used with the needle body 102 of the interventional needle 100, the miniaturized interventional needle 110 offers greater operational freedom while keeping the cross-sectional area of ​​the working channel 102-4 constant, and allows the working channel 102-4 and even the entire needle body 102 to be constructed smaller.

[0074] In some embodiments, the inner needle 110 can be configured to perform thermal ablation on the target site. Such an inner needle can be referred to as a thermal ablation inner needle. The thermal ablation inner needle 110 can, for example, be a radiofrequency ablation needle. Since temperature distribution monitoring is crucial during the operation of the thermal ablation inner needle, therefore... Figure 12A As shown, the thermal ablation inner needle 110 may include one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 arranged within the inner needle 110, the one or more sets of temperature sensing optical fibers 1161 extending longitudinally along the central axis 110-0 of the inner needle 110. Further reference Figure 12B Each of the one or more sets of temperature-sensing optical fibers 1161 has a front fiber end face 1161-1 located at a corresponding cross-section (as shown by dashed lines A, B, C, D, E, F) of the inner needle 110 between the front end face 110-1 and the rear end face 110-2. Each of the one or more sets of temperature-sensing optical fibers 1161 can be used to sense the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target site. Each temperature-sensing optical fiber 1161 in each set of temperature-sensing optical fibers 1161 may include a probe with a photoluminescent material located at its front fiber end face 1161-1, the photoluminescent material being configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature. Each temperature-sensing optical fiber in each of the one or more sets of temperature-sensing optical fibers 1161 is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emitted light from the photoluminescent material, so as to determine the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target site based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material. The output power of the thermal ablation inner needle can be controlled based on the determined temperature, thereby stabilizing the microenvironment temperature of the target area near the desired temperature. The temperature sensing fiber 1161 can be similar to the aforementioned first sensing fiber 1061a for sensing temperature, and will not be described again here. In some embodiments, if the first group of temperature sensing fibers in one or more groups of temperature sensing fibers 1161 is closer to the front end face of the inner needle than the second group of temperature sensing fibers in one or more groups of temperature sensing fibers 1161, then the temperature sensing fiber density of the first group of temperature sensing fibers can be greater than the temperature sensing fiber density of the second group of temperature sensing fibers. The temperature sensing fiber density refers to the ratio of the number of a group of temperature sensing fibers to the area of ​​the cross-section of the inner needle where the front fiber end face of that group of temperature sensing fibers is located. For example, as... Figure 12BAs shown, the density of temperature-sensing optical fibers at cross-section C is greater than that at cross-section D. Since the thermal conductivity of the material forming the inner needle 110 is generally good, the front fiber end face of the temperature-sensing optical fiber 1161 does not necessarily need to be exposed on the surface of the inner needle 110, but can be located inside the inner needle 110. Furthermore, the thermal ablation inner needle 110 can also be modified based on a 22G non-invasive needle, thereby allowing needle placement at multiple important sites during thermal ablation to form a thermal ablation temperature monitoring circle, guiding the efficient execution of the thermal ablation procedure. When monitoring reveals that a lesion does not meet the temperature requirements for thermal ablation, the thermal ablation inner needle can be replaced with the previously used needle. Figure 11 The described interventional needle is used to perform chemical ablation by injecting alcohol or other substances through the hollow channel of the interventional needle.

[0075] It is understandable that the above combination Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12A and Figure 12B The description only presents a few non-limiting examples of inner needles 110 that can be used in combination with needle body 102. The inner needle 110 can be designed based on any embodiment of this disclosure or a combination thereof, according to actual needs. The inner needle 110 may be longer than the needle body 102, and an optical fiber interface may be provided on the rear end face 110-2 of the inner needle 110 or on the side of the inner needle 110 near the rear end face 110-2 for arranging the rear optical fiber end face of the optical fiber in the inner needle 110 according to a predetermined pattern.

[0076] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the interventional needle for rigid endoscopes, through the eccentric arrangement of the working channel within the needle body, optimizes the spatial layout of the needle's components, thereby facilitating the construction of a working channel with a larger cross-sectional area or promoting miniaturization of the interventional needle. Furthermore, the interventional needle for rigid endoscopes according to various embodiments of the present disclosure can itself possess optical imaging capabilities, directly serving as the imaging component of the rigid endoscope. This avoids the use of complex components in existing rigid endoscopes for imaging and interventional needles for interventional procedures, while maintaining good consistency between the needle's insertion orientation and the field of view. In addition, the interventional needle for rigid endoscopes according to various embodiments of the present disclosure can utilize in-situ real-time optical navigation to guide the needle's insertion process. It can also utilize a photoluminescence probe to sensitively monitor in-situ in real-time and use optical fibers to extract, with high fidelity, the values ​​and distribution of parameters such as temperature, oxygen concentration, and pH within the microenvironment in vivo and target sites, providing timely feedback on the treatment intensity and effects of treatments such as hyperthermia and chemotherapy, allowing physicians to adjust treatment strategies promptly. Furthermore, the illumination fiber, navigation fiber bundle, imaging fiber bundle, and various sensing fibers of the interventional needle according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are all arranged inside the needle body or inner needle, so that the interventional needle can enter the living body through the interventional channel and be protected by the interventional needle, thereby transmitting the optical signals caused by subtle changes in the microenvironment to the in vitro analysis device, while resisting the interference of biological tissue on the optical signals.

[0077] On the other hand, this disclosure also provides a rigid endoscope that may include the interventional needle according to any of the above embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be described in detail here. Because the in-situ imaging and in-situ monitoring capabilities of the interventional needles according to various embodiments of this disclosure allow for in-situ diagnosis and treatment of target sites, the interventional needles according to various embodiments of this disclosure require less surgical space. This eliminates the need for inflation of air into the patient's body cavity to expand the cavity before performing interventional procedures, which advantageously simplifies the surgical procedure, reduces surgical costs, and improves patient comfort.

[0078] The terms “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” “top,” “bottom,” “upper,” “lower,” “high,” “lower,” etc., used in the specification and claims, if present, are for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing unchanging relative positions. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate, enabling the embodiments of this disclosure described herein to operate, for example, in orientations different from those shown or otherwise described herein. For example, when the device in the drawings is reversed, a feature previously described as “above” other features may now be described as “below” other features. The device may also be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), in which case the relative spatial relationships will be interpreted accordingly.

[0079] In the specification and claims, when an element is described as being "on top of," "attached" to, "connected" to, "coupled" to, "coupled to," or "in contact with" another element, the element may be directly located on top of, directly attached to, directly connected to, directly coupled to, directly coupled to, or directly in contact with the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may be present. Conversely, when an element is described as being "directly" located on top of, directly attached to, directly connected to, directly coupled to, directly coupled to, or directly in contact with another element, no intermediate elements are present. In the specification and claims, when a feature is arranged "adjacent" to another feature, it may mean that a feature has a portion overlapping with the adjacent feature or a portion located above or below the adjacent feature.

[0080] As used herein, the term "exemplary" means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," and not as a "model" to be precisely copied. Any implementation described herein by example is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Furthermore, this disclosure is not limited to any theory expressed or implied as given in the art, background, summary of the invention, or detailed description.

[0081] As used herein, the term "substantially" means any minor variation resulting from design or manufacturing defects, device or component tolerances, environmental influences, and / or other factors. The term "substantially" also allows for differences from the perfect or ideal situation due to parasitic effects, noise, and other practical considerations that may exist in the actual implementation.

[0082] Additionally, terms such as “first,” “second,” etc., may be used in this document for reference purposes only and are not intended to be limiting. For example, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words “first,” “second,” and other such numerical terms relating to structures or elements do not imply order or sequence.

[0083] It should also be understood that when the term “including / contains” is used herein, it indicates the presence of the indicated feature, whole, step, operation, unit and / or component, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, units and / or components and / or combinations thereof.

[0084] In this disclosure, the term “provide” is used broadly to cover all ways of obtaining an object, and therefore “provide an object” includes, but is not limited to, “purchasing,” “preparing / manufacturing,” “arranging / setting up,” “installing / assembling,” and / or “ordering” an object.

[0085] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed items in association. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the boundaries between the above operations are merely illustrative. Multiple operations may be combined into a single operation, a single operation may be distributed among additional operations, and operations may be performed with at least partial overlap in time. Moreover, alternative embodiments may include multiple instances of a particular operation, and the order of operations may be changed in various other embodiments. However, other modifications, variations, and substitutions are equally possible. Aspects and elements of all the embodiments disclosed above may be combined in any way and / or in combination with aspects or elements of other embodiments to provide multiple additional embodiments. Therefore, this specification and the accompanying drawings should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0087] While specific embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, those skilled in the art should understand that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. The various embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in any way without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should also understand that various modifications can be made to the embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. The scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An interventional needle for a rigid endoscope, characterized in that, The interventional needle includes a needle body configured for percutaneous intervention in a living organism, wherein the needle body has a hollow structure to provide a working channel within the needle body, the working channel being eccentrically arranged within the needle body about its central axis. The central axis of the needle body extends through the working channel and is arranged offset from the central axis of the working channel. The interventional needle includes multiple imaging fiber bundles arranged within the needle body and extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body. The front fiber end faces of the multiple imaging fiber bundles are located at the front end face of the needle body. The multiple imaging fiber bundles are configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living organism and receive imaging response light from the target site, so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light. The plurality of imaging fiber bundles includes a first imaging fiber bundle and a second imaging fiber bundle configured to receive imaging response light from the target region. The first imaging fiber bundle and the second imaging fiber bundle are arranged opposite to each other about the central axis of the needle body, such that: When the imaging response light from the target site is a reflection of the imaging probe light from the target site, if the signal strength of the imaging response light at the first imaging fiber bundle is stronger than the signal strength at the second imaging fiber bundle, then the insertion direction of the needle body deviates from the center direction of the target site towards a first direction, where the first direction is the direction of the first imaging fiber bundle relative to the central axis of the needle body; or If the imaging response light from the target site is emitted by the target site in response to absorbing the imaging probe light, and if the signal strength of the imaging response light at the first imaging fiber bundle is stronger than the signal strength at the second imaging fiber bundle, then the insertion direction of the needle body deviates from the center direction of the target site toward a second direction, which is the direction in which the second imaging fiber bundle is located relative to the central axis of the needle body.

2. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the cross-section of the interventional needle, the minimum distance between the outer peripheral surface of the working channel and the outer peripheral surface of the needle body does not exceed 0.1 mm.

3. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the plurality of imaging fiber bundles is configured to individually emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site, and each of the plurality of imaging fiber bundles has an objective lens of a similar size attached to its front fiber end face.

4. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of imaging fiber bundles include a first imaging fiber bundle configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and a second imaging fiber bundle configured to receive imaging response light from the target site. One or more imaging fiber bundles in the first imaging fiber bundle are positioned adjacent to one or more corresponding imaging fiber bundles in the second imaging fiber bundle, and each imaging fiber bundle in the second imaging fiber bundle has an objective lens of a size equivalent to that imaging fiber bundle attached to its front fiber end face.

5. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the cross-section of the intervention needle, the minimum distance between the outer peripheral surface of each of the plurality of imaging fiber bundles and the outer peripheral surface of the working channel does not exceed 0.1 mm.

6. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum outer diameter of each of the plurality of imaging fiber bundles is at least 90% of the difference between the outer diameter of the needle body and the outer diameter of the working channel.

7. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interventional needle also includes one or more illumination optical fibers, which are arranged in the needle body and extend longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body. The front fiber end face of the one or more illumination optical fibers is located at the front end face of the needle body, wherein the one or more illumination optical fibers are configured to illuminate the target area inside the living body.

8. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 7, characterized in that, The one or more illumination fibers include multiple illumination fibers configured to emit illumination light with different wavelengths from each other.

9. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working channel is configured to perform at least one of the following operations: conveying a medical device; conveying a drug; aspirating waste liquid; and conveying a cleaning solution.

10. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one spare channel is provided inside the needle body, the at least one spare channel being configured to perform at least one of the following operations: delivering a medical device; delivering a drug; aspirating waste liquid; delivering a cleaning solution.

11. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interventional needle also includes: One or more sets of sensing optical fibers are arranged in the needle body and extend longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body, such that the front fiber end face of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is located at the front end face of the needle body. Each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is used to sense a corresponding parameter of the microenvironment inside the living body. Each sensing optical fiber in each set includes a probe with a photoluminescent material located at its front fiber end face. The photoluminescent material is configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the corresponding parameter. Each sensing fiber in one or more sets of sensing fibers is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emitted light from the photoluminescent material, so as to determine a corresponding parameter of the microenvironment inside the living body based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material.

12. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 11, characterized in that, The set or more sets of sensing optical fibers include one or more of the following: The first set of sensing optical fibers includes one or more first sensing optical fibers for sensing the temperature of the microenvironment inside the living body, and the probe of each first sensing optical fiber in the first set of sensing optical fibers has a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature. The second set of sensing optical fibers includes one or more second sensing optical fibers for sensing the oxygen concentration of the microenvironment inside the living body, and the probe of each second sensing optical fiber in the second set of sensing optical fibers has a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the oxygen concentration. as well as The third set of sensing fibers includes one or more third sensing fibers for sensing the pH of the microenvironment inside the living organism, and each of the third sensing fibers in the third set of sensing fibers has a probe with a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with pH.

13. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interventional needle also includes an inner needle removably disposed within the working channel of the needle body, the inner needle being operable to enter the target site when the needle body is navigated to or near the target site.

14. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 13, characterized in that, The inner needle includes one or more imaging fiber bundles disposed within the inner needle. These one or more imaging fiber bundles extend longitudinally along the central axis of the inner needle and have a front fiber end face located at or near the front end face of the inner needle. Each of the one or more imaging fiber bundles has an objective lens of comparable size attached to its front fiber end face. The one or more imaging fiber bundles are configured to emit imaging probe light toward a target site within the living body and receive imaging response light from the target site, so as to image the target site based on the imaging response light.

15. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 13, characterized in that, The inner needle includes one or more sets of sensing optical fibers arranged within it, the sets of sensing optical fibers extending longitudinally along the central axis of the inner needle and having a front fiber end face located at or near the front end face of the inner needle. In this embodiment, each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is used to sense a corresponding parameter of the microenvironment inside the target area. Each sensing optical fiber in each set includes a probe with photoluminescent material located at its front fiber end face. The photoluminescent material is configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the corresponding parameter. Each sensing fiber in one or more sets of sensing fibers is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emitted light from the photoluminescent material, so as to determine a corresponding parameter of the microenvironment inside the target site based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material.

16. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 15, characterized in that, The set or more sets of sensing optical fibers include one or more of the following: The first set of sensing optical fibers includes one or more first sensing optical fibers for sensing the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target site, and the probe of each first sensing optical fiber in the first set of sensing optical fibers has a first photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature. The second set of sensing optical fibers includes one or more second sensing optical fibers for sensing the oxygen concentration of the microenvironment inside the target site, and the probe of each second sensing optical fiber in the second set of sensing optical fibers has a second photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with the oxygen concentration. as well as The third set of sensing optical fibers includes one or more third sensing optical fibers for sensing the pH of the microenvironment inside the target site, wherein the probe of each third sensing optical fiber in the third set of sensing optical fibers has a third photoluminescent material configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with pH.

17. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 15, characterized in that, Each of the one or more sets of sensing optical fibers is arranged rotationally symmetrically within the inner needle about the central axis of the inner needle, and wherein the inner needle has a hollow channel for injecting a chemical ablation drug into the target site.

18. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 13, characterized in that, The inner needle is configured to perform thermal ablation on the target area and includes one or more sets of temperature-sensing optical fibers disposed within the inner needle. These sets of temperature-sensing optical fibers extend longitudinally along the central axis of the inner needle, and the front fiber end face of each set of temperature-sensing optical fibers is located at a corresponding cross-section of the inner needle between the front and rear ends. Each of the one or more sets of temperature-sensing optical fibers is used to sense the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target area. Each temperature-sensing optical fiber in each set includes a probe with photoluminescent material located at its front fiber end face. The photoluminescent material is configured to have an emission spectrum that varies with temperature. Each temperature sensing fiber in one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers is configured to transmit excitation light toward the photoluminescent material of the probe and receive emitted light from the photoluminescent material, so as to determine the temperature of the microenvironment inside the target part based on the emitted light of the photoluminescent material.

19. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first set of temperature sensing fibers in one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers is closer to the front end face of the inner needle than the second set of temperature sensing fibers in one or more sets of temperature sensing fibers, and the temperature sensing fiber density of the first set of temperature sensing fibers is greater than that of the second set of temperature sensing fibers. The temperature sensing fiber density is the ratio of the number of a set of temperature sensing fibers to the area of ​​the cross-section of the inner needle where the front fiber end face of the set of temperature sensing fibers is located.

20. The interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interventional needle further includes a navigation fiber bundle disposed within the needle body, the navigation fiber bundle extending longitudinally along the central axis of the needle body and having a front fiber end face located at the front end face of the needle body. The navigation fiber bundle is configured to emit navigation probe light into the living body and receive navigation response light from the navigation probe light, so as to locate and distinguish undesirable sites inside the living body that are not intended to be penetrated by the interventional needle based on the navigation response light.

21. A rigid endoscope, characterized in that, The rigid endoscope includes an interventional needle for a rigid endoscope according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

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