A pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy assessment tool

Abstract

The technical scheme of the present application is to provide a pulmonary embolism screening tool, comprising a data acquisition subsystem; a data processing subsystem, characterized in that the data processing subsystem further comprises: a model generation module; a region segmentation module; a ventilation percentage calculation module; a blood perfusion percentage calculation module; a blood flow and ventilation ratio calculation module; and a pulmonary embolism possibility judgment module. Another technical scheme of the present application is to provide a pulmonary embolism efficacy evaluation tool. The tool of the present application is convenient to use, and when medical staff is present, the tool can be used for non-invasive operation, does not require contrast agents, and does not cause radiation, thereby assisting the medical staff to complete the screening and evaluation of pulmonary embolism. The tool of the present application also has a follow-up function, which can be used to evaluate the efficacy of a pulmonary embolism diagnosed patient after treatment, and to non-invasively understand the disease progression or remission in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a pulmonary embolism screening tool and a treatment efficacy assessment tool, which are used to assist in screening for pulmonary embolism and assessing the treatment effect of pulmonary embolism in a more convenient, non-invasive, radiation-free, and contrast agent-free manner, and belong to the field of medical testing auxiliary equipment technology. Background Technology

[0002] Pulmonary embolism is a clinicopathological syndrome caused by the detachment of various emboli from the systemic circulation and their obstruction of the pulmonary artery and its branches, leading to pulmonary circulatory disturbance. Pulmonary embolism is the third leading cause of death in humans, after malignant tumors and myocardial infarction. To date, the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism remains a very challenging problem because its clinical manifestations lack specificity, and existing diagnostic methods all have certain limitations, resulting in a high rate of missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses.

[0003] Pulmonary embolism presents with a variety of symptoms, none of which are specific. The severity of symptoms also varies greatly, ranging from asymptomatic and insidious to hemodynamic instability and even death. Common symptoms include: ① unexplained dyspnea and shortness of breath, especially pronounced after exertion, which is the most common symptom of pulmonary embolism; ② chest pain, including pleuritic chest pain or angina-like pain; ③ syncope, which may be the only or initial symptom of pulmonary embolism; ④ restlessness, panic, or even a sense of impending death; ⑤ hemoptysis, usually small amounts, with massive hemoptysis being rare; ⑥ cough, palpitations, etc. Different combinations of these symptoms can occur in different cases. Clinically, the so-called "triad" sometimes appears, i.e., dyspnea, chest pain, and hemoptysis occurring simultaneously, but this only occurs in about 20% of patients. Therefore, the manifestations of pulmonary embolism are often insidious and difficult to detect. Misdiagnosis leading to delayed treatment can cause significant potential harm to patients, including chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, severely impacting their quality of life.

[0004] Currently, the main diagnostic methods for pulmonary embolism are CT pulmonary angiography and radionuclide lung ventilation-perfusion imaging. Both methods require the injection of contrast agents or isotopes as tracers, which carries the risk of contrast agent allergy, exposes the body to certain levels of radiation, and cannot provide real-time monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel pulmonary embolism screening and assessment tool that is non-invasive, allows for real-time monitoring, and does not require the injection of contrast agents. This tool can be conveniently used by clinicians and benefit a large number of pulmonary embolism patients.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, one technical solution of the present invention provides a pulmonary embolism screening tool, comprising:

[0007] The data acquisition subsystem is used to collect the patient's electrical impedance data; A data processing subsystem, used for real-time processing of impedance data, is characterized by: The data processing subsystem further includes: The model generation module is used to generate three-dimensional ventilation models in real time based on electrical impedance data. and three-dimensional blood perfusion model ; The region segmentation module is used to segment the three-dimensional ventilation model. Or a three-dimensional blood perfusion model The left lung in the middle is divided into The right lung is divided into several regions. Each region , ; The ventilation percentage calculation module is used to calculate the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. The region and the right lung Percentage of ventilation in each area; The blood perfusion percentage calculation module is used to calculate the percentage of blood flow to the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. The region and the right lung Percentage of blood perfusion in each region; The blood flow to ventilation ratio calculation module is used to calculate the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. Blood flow to ventilation ratio in each region and right lung The blood flow to ventilation ratio for each region, wherein the blood flow to ventilation ratio for any region is the ratio of the percentage of ventilation to the percentage of blood perfusion in the same region; The pulmonary embolism probability assessment module is used to determine the probability of a patient having pulmonary embolism based on the blood flow to ventilation ratio of any region obtained by the blood flow to ventilation ratio calculation module. The lower the blood flow to ventilation ratio, the higher the probability of the patient having pulmonary embolism.

[0008] Preferably, the data acquisition subsystem includes two electrode bands that are fixed around the upper and lower ends of the patient's chest. The electrode bands of the appropriate size are selected according to the patient's body shape and chest circumference to ensure that the electrode bands are securely fixed around the upper and lower ends of the patient's chest and to ensure that the electrodes on the electrode bands are in good contact with the patient's skin.

[0009] Preferably, a three-dimensional ventilation model , ,in, Three-dimensional ventilation model Middle The impedance value of each pixel If the total number of pixels is: The ventilation percentage calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the percentage of ventilation in the left lung. each region ventilation percentage :

[0010] In the formula, ; The ventilation percentage calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the right lung's ventilation percentage. each region ventilation percentage :

[0011] In the formula, .

[0012] Preferably, a three-dimensional blood perfusion model , ,in, Three-dimensional blood perfusion model Middle The impedance value of each pixel If the total number of pixels is: The blood perfusion percentage calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the percentage of blood perfusion in the left lung. each region Percentage of blood perfusion :

[0013] In the formula, ; The blood perfusion percentage calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the percentage of blood perfusion in the right lung. each region Percentage of blood perfusion :

[0014] In the formula, .

[0015] Preferably, the blood flow to ventilation ratio calculation module calculates the first blood flow to ventilation ratio of the left lung using the following formula. each region blood flow to ventilation ratio :

[0016] In the formula, ; The blood flow to ventilation ratio calculation module calculates the right lung's first... each region blood flow to ventilation ratio :

[0017] In the formula, .

[0018] Preferably, if the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region is... If the pulmonary embolism probability assessment module determines that the patient has a low probability of having a pulmonary embolism; if the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region is low... If the pulmonary embolism probability assessment module determines that the patient has a high probability of having a pulmonary embolism; if the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region is high... If so, the pulmonary embolism probability judgment module determines that the patient has a very high probability of having pulmonary embolism; The pulmonary embolism screening tool also includes an intervention prompting module. If the pulmonary embolism probability assessment module determines that the patient has a very high probability of having pulmonary embolism, the intervention prompting module further obtains the level of D-dimer in the patient's blood. If the level of D-dimer is higher than 1.0 mg / dl, the intervention prompting module prompts that active clinical intervention is needed.

[0019] Preferably, the pulmonary embolism screening tool further includes a blood perfusion abnormality topography mapping module, which summarizes the abnormal blood perfusion topography mapping of the left lung. The region and the right lung All regions in the region whose blood flow to ventilation ratio is not greater than a preset threshold are defined as abnormal regions, and abnormal blood perfusion topographic maps are drawn based on the abnormal regions.

[0020] Preferably, the pulmonary embolism screening tool further includes a display subsystem for performing at least one of the following functions: First, the three-dimensional ventilation model is displayed separately in real time. Or the three-dimensional blood perfusion model A two-dimensional diagram, or simultaneously a real-time display of the three-dimensional ventilation model. and the three-dimensional blood perfusion model Two-dimensional diagram; Second, the three-dimensional ventilation model is displayed separately in real time. Or the three-dimensional blood perfusion model A three-dimensional image, or simultaneously display the three-dimensional ventilation model in real time. and the three-dimensional blood perfusion model A three-dimensional image; Third, display the calculation results of the ventilation volume percentage calculation module, the blood perfusion volume percentage calculation module and / or the blood flow to ventilation volume ratio calculation module; Fourth, display the judgment conclusion of the pulmonary embolism probability assessment module; Fifth, display the abnormal blood perfusion topographic map output by the abnormal blood perfusion topographic map drawing module.

[0021] Preferably, the three-dimensional ventilation model The two-dimensional and three-dimensional images are displayed in blue; the three-dimensional blood perfusion model The two-dimensional and three-dimensional images are displayed in red.

[0022] Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide a tool for assessing the efficacy of pulmonary embolism treatment, comprising: The data acquisition subsystem is used to collect the patient's electrical impedance data; A data processing subsystem, used for real-time processing of impedance data, is characterized by: The data processing subsystem further includes: The model generation module is used to generate three-dimensional ventilation models in real time based on electrical impedance data. and three-dimensional blood perfusion model ; The region segmentation module is used to segment the three-dimensional ventilation model. Or a three-dimensional blood perfusion model The left lung in the middle is divided into The right lung is divided into several regions. Each region , ; The ventilation percentage calculation module is used to calculate the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. The region and the right lung Percentage of ventilation in each area; The blood perfusion percentage calculation module is used to calculate the percentage of blood flow to the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. The region and the right lung Percentage of blood perfusion in each region; The blood flow to ventilation ratio calculation module is used to calculate the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. Blood flow to ventilation ratio in each region and right lung The blood flow to ventilation ratio for each region, wherein the blood flow to ventilation ratio for any region is the ratio of the percentage of ventilation to the percentage of blood perfusion in the same region; Embolization efficacy assessment module: Before treatment, the embolization efficacy assessment module obtains data from the left lung. The region and the right lung The blood flow to ventilation ratio in each region; after treatment, the embolization efficacy assessment module obtains the post-treatment left lung data. The region and the right lung The blood flow to ventilation ratio in each region; the embolization efficacy assessment module compares the blood flow to ventilation ratio before treatment and after treatment in the same region. If the ratio increases, it is judged that blood perfusion has improved; otherwise, it is judged that blood perfusion has not improved.

[0023] The tool of this invention is easy to use and can be operated non-invasively in the presence of medical personnel. It requires no contrast agents and involves no radiation, assisting medical personnel in screening and assessing pulmonary embolism. The tool also has a follow-up function, allowing for the evaluation of treatment efficacy in diagnosed pulmonary embolism patients, providing real-time, non-invasive monitoring of disease progression or remission. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pulmonary embolism screening and assessment tool disclosed in an embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a pulmonary embolism screening and assessment tool disclosed in an embodiment. Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the use of a pulmonary embolism screening and assessment tool disclosed in the embodiments; Figure 4A as well as Figure 4B A schematic diagram of lung organ region segmentation. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0026] This invention discloses a pulmonary embolism screening tool and a treatment efficacy assessment tool. This embodiment uses the example of integrating these two tools into a single tool to illustrate the invention in detail, defining it as a pulmonary embolism screening and treatment efficacy assessment tool. Figure 1 As shown, the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation tool disclosed in this embodiment includes a display 1, a host 2 connected to the display 1, a power cord 3 connected to the power supply terminal of the host 2, and two electrode strips 6 connected to the signal acquisition terminal of the host 2 via wires 4 and connectors 5.

[0027] In this embodiment, the display 1 is provided with operation buttons, including a main power button, a mode adjustment button, an up button, a down button, and a character input button, and the display 1 is also provided with a USB interface.

[0028] The host unit 2 contains a central controller, data storage, integrated chip, heat sink, signal input lines, and signal output lines. The heat sink provides cooling for the host unit 2. The central controller connects to the data storage and integrated chip. The integrated chip connects to the signal input and signal output lines. The signal output lines connect to the monitor 1. The signal input lines connect to two electrode strips 6 via wire 4 and connector 5. The signal output and signal input lines also connect to the USB port on the monitor 1. After connecting a USB flash drive, data stored in the host unit 2's data storage can be copied to the USB flash drive for backup. The signal input lines also connect to the operation buttons on the monitor 1.

[0029] Combination Figure 2 Each electrode strip 6 includes an electrode strip body 6-1, with the electrode strip bodies 6-1 of the two electrode strips respectively used to wrap around and fix the upper and lower ends of the patient's chest. Electrodes 6-2 are evenly distributed on the electrode strip body 6-1, and all electrodes 6-2 are connected to the signal acquisition terminal of the host 2 via wires 4 and connectors 5. After the electrode strip body 6-1 is wrapped around and fixed to the patient's chest, all electrodes 6-2 are in contact with the patient's skin, and conductive paste is evenly applied to the side of each electrode 6-2 in contact with the patient's skin. The host 2 collects impedance data through the electrode strips 6 and stores the collected impedance data in a data storage device. Those skilled in the art can also connect a USB flash drive via the USB interface on the display 1 to import the data stored in the data storage device, including the impedance data, to the USB flash drive for backup.

[0030] The electrode strip body 6-1 has different sizes, which can be selected according to the patient's body shape and chest circumference. This ensures that the electrode strip body 6-1 is securely wrapped around and fixed to the upper and lower ends of the patient's chest, and ensures that the electrode 6-2 has good contact with the patient's skin, so as to ensure that the collected impedance data is stable and reliable.

[0031] When using this invention, insert the power cord 3 connecting the host 2 into the socket, then turn on the main power switch on the display 1 to power on both the host 2 and the display 1. Measure the patient's chest circumference, select two electrode strips 6 with appropriately sized electrode strip bodies 6-1, and evenly apply conductive paste to the surface of each electrode 6-2 on the electrode strip body 6-1 that contacts the patient's skin. Then, securely wrap the two electrode strip bodies 6-1 around and fix them to the upper and lower ends of the patient's chest, ensuring good contact between the electrodes 6-2 and the patient's skin. The obtained impedance data should be stable and reliable. Specifically, the electrode strip 6 fixed at the upper end of the patient's chest is at the level of the patient's armpit, and the electrode strip 6 fixed at the lower end of the patient's chest is at the level of the patient's xiphoid process. Connect the electrode strips 6 to the wires 4 via the connector 5, and then connect the wires 4 to the host 2.

[0032] A pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system runs on host 2. The pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system uses the impedance data obtained through electrode strip 6 to establish a three-dimensional ventilation model in real time. and three-dimensional blood perfusion model .

[0033] The operating mode of the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system can be adjusted using the mode adjustment button on display 1. When the working mode of the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system is set to start mode, patient information such as patient name and hospital number can be entered through the character input button on display 1. When the working mode of the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system is set to the settings mode, the data acquisition duration, acquisition method, and three-dimensional ventilation model can be configured. and / or three-dimensional blood perfusion model Quadrant segmentation pattern; When the working mode of the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system is set to the main view mode, a three-dimensional ventilation model is displayed on monitor 1. and / or three-dimensional blood perfusion model The main view, in which the three-dimensional ventilation model The main view is displayed in blue, representing a three-dimensional blood perfusion model. The main view is displayed in red; When the working mode of the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system is set to three-dimensional view mode, monitor 1 displays a three-dimensional ventilation model. and / or three-dimensional blood perfusion model A three-dimensional image, including a three-dimensional ventilation model. The three-dimensional image is displayed in blue; it is a three-dimensional model of blood perfusion. The 3D model is displayed in red.

[0034] The pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system is based on the obtained three-dimensional ventilation model. and three-dimensional blood perfusion model It can be determined whether the patient has a pulmonary embolism, combined with Figure 3 Specifically, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Divide the three-dimensional ventilation model into 12 sections according to the 12-section method. and three-dimensional blood perfusion model It is divided into 12 areas.

[0035] like Figure 4A as well as Figure 4B As shown, the three-dimensional ventilation model Or a three-dimensional blood perfusion model The left and right lungs are divided into anterior and posterior parts by the coronal plane of the hilum. Simultaneously, both lungs are divided into three equal parts in cross-section from the apex to the base: upper, middle, and lower. Thus, in the three-dimensional ventilation model... Or a three-dimensional blood perfusion model In the middle, using the 12-segmentation method, the left lung is divided into 6 regions, namely the anterior upper part of the left lung. , front middle , lower front part upper rear Rear middle section Lower rear The right lung was divided into 6 parts, namely the anterior upper part of the right lung. , front middle , lower front part upper rear Rear middle section Lower rear .

[0036] Step 2: Based on the three-dimensional ventilation model Calculate the ventilation percentage for each region obtained in step 1. Assume a three-dimensional ventilation model. , ,in, Three-dimensional ventilation model The Middle The impedance value of each pixel Let be the total number of pixels, then the left lung's th Percentage of ventilation in each area Calculated by the following formula:

[0037] The right lung Percentage of ventilation in each area Calculated by the following formula:

[0038] Based on a three-dimensional blood perfusion model Calculate the percentage of blood perfusion in each region obtained in step 1. Establish a three-dimensional blood perfusion model. , ,in, Three-dimensional blood perfusion model The Middle The impedance value of the nth pixel, then the left lung's nth Percentage of blood perfusion in each region Calculated by the following formula:

[0039] The right lung Percentage of blood perfusion in each region Calculated by the following formula:

[0040] Step 3: Calculate the blood flow to ventilation ratio obtained in Step 1 for each region, where: The left lung The blood flow to ventilation ratio for each region is expressed as follows: Then we have:

[0041] The right lung The blood flow to ventilation ratio for each region is expressed as follows: Then we have:

[0042] Step 4: Determine the likelihood of pulmonary embolism based on the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region, where: if the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region is... If the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region is low, then the patient is less likely to have a pulmonary embolism; If the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region is significantly higher, then the patient is more likely to have a pulmonary embolism. If this is the case, then the patient is highly likely to have a pulmonary embolism.

[0043] In this step, a preferred approach is: if the patient is deemed to have a high probability of pulmonary embolism based on the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region, then the level of D-dimer in the patient's blood is further considered. If the D-dimer level is higher than 1.0 mg / dl, the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy assessment software system will indicate that active clinical intervention is needed.

[0044] In this invention, the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system can also draw abnormal blood perfusion topography maps. Specifically, the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system summarizes all regions in 12 regions where the blood flow to ventilation ratio is not greater than 0.5, defines these regions as abnormal regions, and draws abnormal blood perfusion topography maps based on the abnormal regions and generates reports for clinicians' reference.

[0045] In this invention, the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system also provides a follow-up function. Specifically, the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system stores the blood flow to ventilation ratio of 12 regions before treatment. After the patient has been treated, the pulmonary embolism screening and efficacy evaluation software system obtains the blood flow to ventilation ratio of the 12 regions after treatment and compares the blood flow to ventilation ratio of the same region before treatment with the blood flow to ventilation ratio after treatment. If the ratio increases, it is determined that blood perfusion has improved; otherwise, it is determined that blood perfusion has not improved. This helps clinicians understand the blood flow reperfusion status after treatment.

Claims

1. A pulmonary embolism screening tool, comprising: The data acquisition subsystem is used to collect the patient's electrical impedance data; A data processing subsystem, used for real-time processing of impedance data, is characterized by: The data processing subsystem further includes: The model generation module is used to generate three-dimensional ventilation models in real time based on electrical impedance data. and three-dimensional blood perfusion model Three-dimensional ventilation model , ,in, Three-dimensional ventilation model The Middle The impedance value of each pixel If the total number of pixels is: The ventilation percentage calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the percentage of ventilation in the left lung. each region ventilation percentage : In the formula, ; The ventilation percentage calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the right lung's ventilation percentage. each region ventilation percentage : In the formula, ; The region segmentation module is used to segment the three-dimensional ventilation model. Or a three-dimensional blood perfusion model The left lung in the middle is divided into The right lung is divided into several regions. Each region , ; The ventilation percentage calculation module is used to calculate the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. The region and the right lung Percentage of ventilation in each area; The blood perfusion percentage calculation module is used to calculate the percentage of blood flow to the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. The region and the right lung Percentage of blood perfusion in each region; The blood flow to ventilation ratio calculation module is used to calculate the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. Blood flow to ventilation ratio in each region and right lung The blood flow to ventilation ratio for each region, wherein the blood flow to ventilation ratio for any region is the ratio of the percentage of ventilation to the percentage of blood perfusion in the same region; The pulmonary embolism probability assessment module is used to determine the probability of a patient having pulmonary embolism based on the blood flow to ventilation ratio of any region obtained by the blood flow to ventilation ratio calculation module. The lower the blood flow to ventilation ratio, the higher the probability of the patient having pulmonary embolism.

2. The pulmonary embolism screening tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition subsystem includes two electrode bands that are fixed around the upper and lower ends of the patient's chest. The electrode bands of the appropriate size are selected according to the patient's body shape and chest circumference to ensure that the electrode bands are securely fixed around the upper and lower ends of the patient's chest and that the electrodes on the electrode bands are in good contact with the patient's skin.

3. A pulmonary embolism screening tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Three-dimensional blood perfusion model , ,in, Three-dimensional blood perfusion model The Middle The impedance value of each pixel If the total number of pixels is: The blood perfusion percentage calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the percentage of blood perfusion in the left lung. each region Percentage of blood perfusion : In the formula, ; The blood perfusion percentage calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the percentage of blood perfusion in the right lung. each region Percentage of blood perfusion : In the formula, .

4. A pulmonary embolism screening tool as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The blood flow to ventilation ratio calculation module calculates the left lung's [number]th [unit] using the following formula. each region blood flow to ventilation ratio : In the formula, ; The blood flow to ventilation ratio calculation module calculates the right lung's first... each region blood flow to ventilation ratio : In the formula, .

5. A pulmonary embolism screening tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region If the pulmonary embolism probability assessment module determines that the patient has a low probability of having a pulmonary embolism; if the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region is low... If the pulmonary embolism probability assessment module determines that the patient has a high probability of having a pulmonary embolism; if the blood flow to ventilation ratio in any region is high... If so, the pulmonary embolism probability judgment module determines that the patient has a very high probability of having pulmonary embolism; The pulmonary embolism screening tool also includes an intervention prompting module. If the pulmonary embolism probability assessment module determines that the patient has a very high probability of having pulmonary embolism, the intervention prompting module further obtains the level of D-dimer in the patient's blood. If the level of D-dimer is higher than 1.0 mg / dl, the intervention prompting module prompts that active clinical intervention is needed.

6. A pulmonary embolism screening tool as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The pulmonary embolism screening tool also includes a blood perfusion abnormality topography mapping module, which summarizes the abnormal blood perfusion topography mapping of the left lung. The region and the right lung All regions in the region whose blood flow to ventilation ratio is not greater than a preset threshold are defined as abnormal regions, and abnormal blood perfusion topographic maps are drawn based on the abnormal regions.

7. A pulmonary embolism screening tool as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The pulmonary embolism screening tool also includes a display subsystem for performing at least one of the following functions: First, the three-dimensional ventilation model is displayed separately in real time. Or the three-dimensional blood perfusion model A two-dimensional diagram, or simultaneously a real-time display of the three-dimensional ventilation model. and the three-dimensional blood perfusion model Two-dimensional diagram; Second, the three-dimensional ventilation model is displayed separately in real time. Or the three-dimensional blood perfusion model A three-dimensional image, or simultaneously display the three-dimensional ventilation model in real time. and the three-dimensional blood perfusion model A three-dimensional image; Third, display the calculation results of the ventilation volume percentage calculation module, the blood perfusion volume percentage calculation module and / or the blood flow to ventilation volume ratio calculation module; Fourth, display the judgment conclusion of the pulmonary embolism probability assessment module; Fifth, display the abnormal blood perfusion topographic map output by the abnormal blood perfusion topographic map drawing module.

8. A pulmonary embolism screening tool as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The three-dimensional ventilation model The two-dimensional and three-dimensional images are displayed in blue; the three-dimensional blood perfusion model The two-dimensional and three-dimensional images are displayed in red.

9. A tool for assessing the efficacy of pulmonary embolism treatment, comprising: The data acquisition subsystem is used to collect the patient's electrical impedance data; A data processing subsystem, used for real-time processing of impedance data, is characterized by: The data processing subsystem further includes: The model generation module is used to generate three-dimensional ventilation models in real time based on electrical impedance data. and three-dimensional blood perfusion model Three-dimensional ventilation model , ,in, Three-dimensional ventilation model The Middle The impedance value of each pixel If the total number of pixels is: The ventilation percentage calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the percentage of ventilation in the left lung. each region ventilation percentage : In the formula, ; The ventilation percentage calculation module uses the following formula to calculate the right lung's ventilation percentage. each region ventilation percentage : In the formula, ; The region segmentation module is used to segment the three-dimensional ventilation model. Or a three-dimensional blood perfusion model The left lung in the middle is divided into The right lung is divided into several regions. Each region , ; The ventilation percentage calculation module is used to calculate the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. The region and the right lung Percentage of ventilation in each area; The blood perfusion percentage calculation module is used to calculate the percentage of blood flow to the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. The region and the right lung Percentage of blood perfusion in each region; The blood flow to ventilation ratio calculation module is used to calculate the left lung obtained through the region segmentation module. Blood flow to ventilation ratio in each region and right lung The blood flow to ventilation ratio for each region, wherein the blood flow to ventilation ratio for any region is the ratio of the percentage of ventilation to the percentage of blood perfusion in the same region; Embolization efficacy assessment module: Before treatment, the embolization efficacy assessment module obtains data from the left lung. The region and the right lung The blood flow to ventilation ratio in each region; after treatment, the embolization efficacy assessment module obtains the post-treatment left lung data. The region and the right lung The blood flow to ventilation ratio in each region; the embolization efficacy assessment module compares the blood flow to ventilation ratio before treatment and after treatment in the same region. If the ratio increases, it is judged that blood perfusion has improved; otherwise, it is judged that blood perfusion has not improved.

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