Automated Cleaning System and Method for Photovoltaic Modules

Abstract

This invention provides an automated cleaning system and method for photovoltaic modules, including a cleaning cylinder, a sliding guide rail, a sliding mechanism, a rotating cleaning mechanism, a dust collection mechanism, a control box, a cable drag chain, a support plate, a motion bracket, a position movement mechanism, and a lower support mechanism. The invention cleans by moving the cleaning cylinder along the cleaning guide rail, automatically cleaning one row of photovoltaic panels. After cleaning one row, it returns to the maintenance guide rail and, through the position movement mechanism, moves the entire cleaning system along the side of the photovoltaic panels, thus moving to the next row after cleaning one row. This results in high cleaning efficiency, requiring only one cleaning system per row of photovoltaic panels, reducing costs. Furthermore, the dust collection mechanism collects the dust cleaned by the rotating cleaning mechanism, effectively preventing dust from being stirred up during cleaning and preventing dust from falling back onto the photovoltaic panels after cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic panel cleaning technology, specifically to an automated cleaning system and method for photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing prominence of energy issues, new energy technologies have seen greater development in recent years. Among them, the photovoltaic industry collects and utilizes solar energy, and the energy utilization process is clean and environmentally friendly, thus gaining increasingly widespread application. Solar photovoltaic panels are currently a widely used new type of energy equipment that converts light energy into electrical energy. They are assemblies consisting of several solar cell modules assembled on a panel in a certain way, usually serving as a unit in a photovoltaic array. Solar photovoltaic panels are the core and most important part of a solar power generation system. However, solar photovoltaic panels also absorb a large amount of dust from the air. This dust adheres to the surface of the solar photovoltaic panels, affecting the efficiency of power generation, thus requiring regular cleaning.

[0003] The photovoltaic module automated cleaning system disclosed in CN111715651A can automatically clean the outer surface of photovoltaic modules by moving the cleaning module along a sliding track, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency of photovoltaic modules. However, the cleaning module can only move along the sliding track, so it can only clean the photovoltaic modules in the row below the sliding track. It cannot move to the next row after cleaning one row, resulting in low cleaning efficiency. Moreover, during the cleaning process, since the cleaning is done with a brush and there is no dust suction device, the dust is easily stirred up after being swept away, and the cleaned dust can easily fall back onto the photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated cleaning system and method for photovoltaic modules to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules includes a cleaning cylinder, a sliding guide rail, a sliding mechanism, a rotating cleaning mechanism, a dust collection mechanism, a control box, a cable drag chain, a support plate, a motion bracket, a position movement mechanism, and a lower support mechanism, wherein:

[0007] Two parallel sliding guide rails are arranged opposite each other. The inner side of the sliding guide rails is provided with a sliding groove. The rear ends of the two sliding guide rails are fixed to the support plate. The sliding guide rails are divided into a horizontal cleaning guide rail, a maintenance guide rail and a curved connecting guide rail. The maintenance guide rail is located above the support plate and is higher than the cleaning guide rail. The cleaning guide rail and the maintenance guide rail are connected by the connecting guide rail.

[0008] The cleaning cylinder is equipped with sliding mechanisms on both sides, which are engaged in sliding grooves to drive the cleaning cylinder to move along the sliding grooves. A rotating cleaning mechanism is installed inside the cleaning cylinder to clean the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel when the cleaning cylinder moves. A detachable dust collection mechanism is installed above the cleaning cylinder to collect the dust cleaned by the rotating cleaning mechanism. A moving bracket is fixed below the support plate, and a position moving mechanism is installed between the support plate and the moving bracket. The position moving mechanism is engaged at the upper end of the photovoltaic panel to fix the entire cleaning system and drive the cleaning system to move along the photovoltaic panel. The front ends of the two sliding guide rails are fixed with lower support mechanisms that can move along the sliding grooves to drive the cleaning system to move along the photovoltaic panel as the position moving mechanism moves.

[0009] A control box is fixed to the side of the support plate. The control box is electrically connected to the position movement mechanism and is used to control the position movement mechanism to work. A cable drag chain is connected to the control box and the cleaning cylinder bracket. A connecting cable is installed inside the cable drag chain. The control box is electrically connected to the cleaning cylinder, the sliding mechanism, and the rotating cleaning mechanism through the connecting cable and is used to control the cleaning cylinder, the sliding mechanism, and the rotating cleaning mechanism to work.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding mechanism consists of a support rod, a support cylinder, a mounting bracket, a sliding motor, and a sliding drive wheel. The cleaning cylinder is fixed with a support rod and a mounting bracket on both sides near the sliding guide rail. The support cylinder is fitted onto the support rod, and the sliding motor is fixed on the mounting bracket. A sliding drive wheel coaxially connected to the sliding motor is provided on the outside of the mounting bracket. The sliding drive wheel and the support cylinder are both engaged in the sliding groove. The sliding motor is electrically connected to the control box.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning cylinder includes a cylinder body, a dusting plate, a baffle plate, and a vacuum fan. A U-shaped baffle plate is fixed in the middle of the cylinder body. Two dusting plates are symmetrically fixed in the cylinder body on both sides of the baffle plate. A gap is left between the dusting plates and the baffle plate. A vacuum fan is installed on the cylinder body at the upper end of the baffle plate. The inside of the cylinder body is connected to the outside through the vacuum fan. The vacuum fan is electrically connected to the control box.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating cleaning mechanism consists of a brush roller, a rotating seat, a rotating motor, pulleys, and a transmission belt. Brush rollers are provided at the lower ends of both dusting plates. Rotating seats are fixed on the side walls of the cylinder at both ends of the brush rollers. The two ends of the brush rollers are mounted on the rotating seats. A rotating motor is installed at the upper end of the cylinder. Pulleys are installed on the rotating shaft of the rotating motor and the rotating shaft of the brush rollers, and the pulleys are connected to each other by a transmission belt.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating motor is provided in two sets, which drive two brush rollers to rotate respectively. The two brush rollers rotate in the direction of the barrier plate, and the lower end of the dusting plate abuts against the brush of the brush roller.

[0014] Preferably, the dust collection mechanism consists of a fixed plate, a dust collection box, an exhaust channel, a filter plate, and a snap-lock. Fixed plates are provided on both sides of the dust suction fan at the upper end of the cylinder. The lower end of the dust collection box is provided with a dust inlet, and the upper end is provided with an exhaust channel communicating with the outside. A detachable filter plate is fixed in the exhaust channel. The dust collection box is snapped between the two fixed plates, and the position of the dust inlet corresponds to the position of the dust suction fan. The fixed plates and the dust collection box are detachably fixed together by snap-lock.

[0015] Preferably, the position movement mechanism consists of a rotating shaft, an upper chuck, a drive roller, a transmission belt, and a motion motor. At least two sets of rotating shafts are provided, and their upper and lower ends are respectively rotatably mounted on a support plate and a motion bracket. An upper chuck and a drive roller are fixed sequentially from top to bottom on the rotating shaft. The diameter of the upper chuck is larger than the diameter of the drive roller. The drive rollers are connected to each other by a motion belt. A motion motor is fixed at the lower end of the motion bracket, and the motion motor is coaxially connected to one of the rotating shafts.

[0016] Preferably, the lower support mechanism comprises a sliding block, a support rod, sliding wheels, and a locking screw. The support rod has sliding blocks at both ends, which are engaged in the sliding groove. Multiple sets of sliding wheels are fixed at the bottom of the support rod. The sliding wheels move in the same direction as the position movement mechanism. The locking screw is threaded to the support rod and passes through the support rod against the inner wall of the sliding groove. The bottom of the sliding wheel is at the same level as the lower end face of the upper chuck, and this height is higher than the lower end face of the sliding guide rail.

[0017] The present invention also provides an automated cleaning method for photovoltaic modules, wherein the cleaning method is applicable to the aforementioned automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules, and the method specifically includes:

[0018] S1. Place the entire cleaning system on the photovoltaic panel, position the movement mechanism at the top of the photovoltaic panel, and adjust the position of the lower support mechanism so that it is placed on the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0019] S2. The cleaning mechanism is controlled by the control box to clean the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and at the same time the sliding mechanism is controlled to move the cleaning cylinder along the sliding groove towards the downward support mechanism.

[0020] S3. While the rotating cleaning mechanism is working, the dust collection mechanism is also working to collect the dust swept by the rotating cleaning mechanism.

[0021] S4. After touching the lower support mechanism, control the sliding mechanism to move along the sliding groove through the control box, so that the cleaning cylinder returns to the position above the support plate, and control the sliding mechanism and the rotating cleaning mechanism to stop working.

[0022] S5. The position movement mechanism is controlled by the control box to move along the edge of the photovoltaic panel, and the distance of each movement is kept to be the distance between the two sliding guide rails.

[0023] S6. Repeat steps S2-S5 until the entire row of photovoltaic panels is cleaned.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] This invention uses a cleaning cylinder that moves along a cleaning guide rail to clean a row of photovoltaic panels. After cleaning one row, the system returns to the maintenance guide rail and, through a positional movement mechanism, moves the entire cleaning system along the side of the photovoltaic panels. This allows it to move to the next row after cleaning one row, resulting in high cleaning efficiency. Only one cleaning system is needed for each row of photovoltaic panels, reducing costs. In addition, this invention uses a dust collection mechanism to collect the dust cleaned by the rotating cleaning mechanism, effectively preventing dust from being stirred up during cleaning and preventing dust from falling back onto the photovoltaic panels after cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding guide rail in this invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cleaning cylinder in this invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding mechanism in this invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cleaning cylinder in this invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collection mechanism in this invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the position motion mechanism in this invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the lower support mechanism in this invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the present invention is applied.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Cleaning cylinder, 101. Cylinder body, 102. Dust removal plate, 103. Barrier plate, 104. Vacuum fan, 2. Sliding guide rail, 21. Sliding groove, 201. Cleaning guide rail, 202. Connecting guide rail, 203. Maintenance guide rail, 3. Sliding mechanism, 301. Support rod, 302. Supporting rotating cylinder, 303. Mounting bracket, 304. Sliding motor, 305. Sliding drive wheel, 4. Rotating cleaning mechanism, 401. Brush roller, 402. Rotating seat, 403. Rotating motor, 404. Pulley, 405. Transmission belt 5. Dust collection mechanism, 501. Fixing plate, 502. Dust collection box, 503. Exhaust channel, 504. Filter plate, 505. Hook and latch, 6. Control box, 7. Cable drag chain, 8. Support plate, 9. Motion bracket, 10. Position motion mechanism, 1001. Rotating shaft, 1002. Upper chuck, 1003. Drive roller, 1004. Transmission belt, 1005. Motion motor, 11. Lower support mechanism, 1101. Sliding block, 1102. Support rod, 1103. Sliding wheel, 1104. Locking screw, 12. Photovoltaic panel. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example:

[0038] Please see Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0039] An automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules includes a cleaning cylinder 1, a sliding guide rail 2, a sliding mechanism 3, a rotating cleaning mechanism 4, a dust collection mechanism 5, a control box 6, a cable drag chain 7, a support plate 8, a motion bracket 9, a position movement mechanism 10, and a lower support mechanism 11, wherein:

[0040] Two parallel sliding guide rails 2 are arranged opposite each other. The inner side of each sliding guide rail 2 is provided with a sliding groove 21. The rear ends of the two sliding guide rails 2 are fixed on the support plate 8. The sliding guide rail 2 is divided into a horizontal cleaning guide rail 201, a maintenance guide rail 203, and a curved connecting guide rail 202. The maintenance guide rail 203 is located above the support plate 8 and is higher than the cleaning guide rail 201. During cleaning, the rotating cleaning mechanism 4 is located on the cleaning guide rail 201, and its lower end is in contact with the photovoltaic panel 12, which facilitates the cleaning of the photovoltaic panel 12. When the entire cleaning system moves, the rotating cleaning mechanism 4 is located on the maintenance guide rail 203. In this way, the bottom of the rotating cleaning mechanism 4 is higher than the surface of the photovoltaic panel 12, which will not affect the movement of the cleaning system. The cleaning guide rail 201 and the maintenance guide rail 203 are connected by the connecting guide rail 202. The connecting guide rail 202 is curved, so that the cleaning guide rail 201 and the maintenance guide rail 203 are smoothly connected together.

[0041] Sliding mechanisms 3 are installed on both sides of the cleaning cylinder 1. These sliding mechanisms 3 are engaged within sliding grooves 21 and are used to drive the cleaning cylinder 1 to move along the sliding grooves 21. Each sliding mechanism 3 consists of a support rod 301, a support rotating cylinder 302, a mounting bracket 303, a sliding motor 304, and a sliding drive wheel 305. Support rods 301 and mounting brackets 303 are fixed to both sides of the cleaning cylinder 1 near the sliding guide rail 2. Support rotating cylinders 302 are sleeved on the support rods 301, and sliding motors 304 are fixed to the mounting brackets 303. A sliding drive wheel 305 is provided on the side and coaxially connected to the sliding motor 304. The sliding drive wheel 305 and the support rotating cylinder 302 are both locked in the sliding groove 21. The sliding motor 304 is electrically connected to the control box 6. When the sliding motor 304 rotates, it can drive the sliding drive wheel 305 to rotate. Under the action of friction on the inner wall of the sliding groove 21, it can drive the cleaning cylinder 1 to move along the sliding groove 21. The support rotating cylinder 302 can rotate freely on the support rod 301 and is locked in the sliding groove 21, which plays a balancing role in the movement of the entire cleaning cylinder 1.

[0042] The cleaning cylinder 1 includes a cylinder body 101, a dust-dusting plate 102, a baffle plate 103, and a vacuum fan 104. A U-shaped baffle plate 103 is fixed in the middle of the cylinder body 101. Two dust-dusting plates 102 are symmetrically fixed in the cylinder body 101 on both sides of the baffle plate 103. A gap is left between the dust-dusting plates 102 and the baffle plate 103. A vacuum fan 104 is installed on the cylinder body 101 at the upper end of the baffle plate 103. The inside of the cylinder body 101 is connected to the outside through the vacuum fan 104. The vacuum fan 104 is electrically connected to the control box 6. The gap between the dust-dusting plate 102 and the baffle plate 103 is the dust channel. The vacuum fan 104 drives the airflow to transport the dust below the baffle plate 103 through the dust channel to the dust collection box 502 at the upper end of the cylinder body 101.

[0043] A detachable dust collection mechanism 5 is installed above the cleaning cylinder 1 to collect the dust swept by the rotating cleaning mechanism 4. The dust collection mechanism 5 consists of a fixing plate 501, a dust collection box 502, an exhaust channel 503, a filter plate 504, and a latching buckle 505. Fixing plates 501 are provided on both sides of the suction fan 104 at the upper end of the cylinder 101. The lower end of the dust collection box 502 is provided with a dust inlet 51, and the upper end is provided with an exhaust channel 503 communicating with the outside. A detachable filter plate is fixed inside the exhaust channel 503. 504. The exhaust channel 503 ensures stable air pressure inside the dust collection box 502. The filter plate 504 prevents dust from spreading to the outside from the exhaust channel 503. The dust collection box 502 is held between two fixing plates, and the position of the dust inlet 51 corresponds to the position of the vacuum fan 104. The dust sucked out by the vacuum fan 104 can directly enter the dust collection box 502. The fixing plate 501 and the dust collection box 502 are detachably fixed by the snap-lock 505, which makes it easy to disassemble the dust collection box 502 and thus facilitate the cleaning of the dust inside.

[0044] By working together with the cleaning cylinder 1 and the dust collection mechanism 5, the dust cleaned by the rotating cleaning mechanism 4 can be collected very easily. During cleaning, dust can be effectively prevented from being stirred up and prevented from falling back onto the photovoltaic panel 12 after cleaning, thus improving the cleaning effect.

[0045] The cleaning cylinder 1 is equipped with a rotating cleaning mechanism 4, which is used to clean the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 12 when the cleaning cylinder 1 moves. The rotating cleaning mechanism 4 consists of a brush roller 401, a rotating seat 402, a rotating motor 403, a pulley 404, and a transmission belt 405. Brush rollers 401 are provided at the lower ends of the two dusting plates 102. The rotating seats 402 are fixed on the side walls of the cylinder 101 at both ends of the brush rollers 401. The two ends of the brush rollers 401 are mounted on the rotating seats 402, and the brush rollers 401 can rotate freely within the rotating seats 402. The rotating motor 403 is installed at the upper end of the cylinder 101. The rotating shaft of the rotating motor 403 and the rotating shaft of the brush rollers 401 are both equipped with... There are pulleys 404 connected by a transmission belt 405. When the rotating motor 403 rotates, the power transmission through the pulleys 404 and the transmission belt 405 drives the brush rollers 401 to rotate. There are two sets of rotating motors 403, which drive two brush rollers 401 to rotate respectively. The two brush rollers 401 rotate in the direction of the barrier plate 103, which can achieve better cleaning effect and facilitate dust collection. The lower end of the dusting plate 102 abuts against the brush of the brush roller 401. When the brush of the brush roller 401 passes through the dusting plate 102, the dusting plate 102 will dust off, which is convenient for the dust suction fan 104 to suck the dust into the dust collection box 502.

[0046] A motion bracket 9 is fixed below the support plate 8. A position motion mechanism 10 is installed between the support plate 8 and the motion bracket 9. The position motion mechanism 10 is used to lock onto the upper end of the photovoltaic panel 12, fix the entire cleaning system, and drive the cleaning system to move along the photovoltaic panel 12. The position motion mechanism 10 consists of a rotating shaft 1001, an upper chuck 1002, a drive roller 1003, a transmission belt 1004, and a motion motor 1005. The rotating shaft 1001 is provided with at least two sets, and its upper and lower ends are respectively rotatably mounted on the support plate 8 and the motion bracket 9. The rotating shaft 1001 runs from top to bottom... An upper chuck 1002 and a drive roller 1003 are fixed in sequence below. The diameter of the upper chuck 1002 is larger than the diameter of the drive roller 1003. The upper chuck 1002 can be locked onto the upper end of the photovoltaic panel 12. The drive rollers 1003 are connected to each other by a moving belt 1004. A moving motor 1005 is fixed at the lower end of the moving bracket 9. The moving motor 1005 is coaxially connected to one of the rotating shafts 1001. When the moving motor 1005 rotates, it can drive the transmission belt 1004 to rotate. The transmission belt 1004 contacts the side wall of the photovoltaic panel 12, thereby driving the entire cleaning system to move along the photovoltaic panel 12.

[0047] The cleaning system uses a cleaning cylinder 1 to move along the cleaning guide rail 201 to clean a row of photovoltaic panels 12 automatically. After cleaning one row, it returns to the maintenance guide rail 203 and is driven by the position movement mechanism 10 to move along the side of the photovoltaic panels 12. After cleaning one row, it moves to the next row to continue cleaning. The cleaning efficiency is high, and only one cleaning system is needed for each row of photovoltaic panels 12, which reduces costs.

[0048] Two sliding guide rails 2 are fixed to the front ends with a lower support mechanism 11 that can move along the sliding groove 21. This mechanism, along with the position movement mechanism 10, drives the cleaning system to move along the photovoltaic panel. The lower support mechanism 11 consists of a sliding block 1101, a support rod 1102, sliding wheels 1103, and a locking screw 1104. Sliding blocks 1101 are provided at both ends of the support rod 1102, and these blocks are engaged within the sliding groove 21. Multiple sets of sliding wheels 1103 are fixed to the bottom of the support rod 1102. The sliding wheels 1103 move in the same direction as the position movement mechanism 10. In use, the sliding wheels 1103 are placed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 12 to facilitate the movement of the entire cleaning system. The locking screw... 1104 is connected to the support rod 1102 by a thread and passes through the support rod 1102, abutting against the inner wall of the sliding groove 21. The sliding block 1101 can move back and forth in the sliding groove 21 to adjust the position of the support rod 1102, so that the sliding wheel 1103 can be placed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 12. The bottom of the sliding wheel 1103 is at the same level as the lower end face of the upper chuck 1002, so that the distance between all parts of the cleaning guide rail 201 and the surface of the photovoltaic panel 12 is the same, ensuring a consistent cleaning effect. This height is higher than the lower end face of the sliding guide rail 201 to prevent the lower end of the cleaning guide rail 201 from contacting the surface of the photovoltaic panel 12, and to avoid friction between the lower end of the cleaning guide rail 201 and the surface of the photovoltaic panel 12 when the entire cleaning system moves.

[0049] A control box 6 is fixed to the side of the support plate 8. The control box 6 is the control box of the motor. The control box 6 is electrically connected to the position motion mechanism 10 and is used to control the position motion mechanism 10 to work. The control box 6 is connected to the cleaning cylinder 1 bracket by a cable drag chain 7. The cable drag chain 7 is provided with a connecting cable. The control box 6 is electrically connected to the cleaning cylinder 1, the sliding mechanism 3, and the rotating cleaning mechanism 4 through the connecting cable and is used to control the cleaning cylinder 1, the sliding mechanism 3, and the rotating cleaning mechanism 4 to work.

[0050] The present invention also provides an automated cleaning method for photovoltaic modules, wherein the cleaning method is applicable to the aforementioned automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules, and the method specifically includes:

[0051] S1. Place the entire cleaning system on the photovoltaic panel, lock the position movement mechanism 10 at the upper end of the photovoltaic panel, and adjust the position of the lower support mechanism 11 so that it is placed on the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0052] S2. The control box 6 controls the rotating cleaning mechanism 4 to clean the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and at the same time controls the sliding mechanism 3 to work, so that the cleaning cylinder 1 moves along the sliding groove 21 towards the downward support mechanism 11.

[0053] S3. While the rotating cleaning mechanism 4 is working, the dust collection mechanism 5 is also working to collect the dust swept by the rotating cleaning mechanism 4.

[0054] S4. After touching the lower support mechanism 11, the sliding mechanism 3 is controlled by the control box 6 to move along the sliding groove 21, so that the cleaning cylinder 1 returns to the position above the support plate 8, and the sliding mechanism 3 and the rotating cleaning mechanism 4 are controlled to stop working.

[0055] S5. The position movement mechanism 10 is controlled by the control box 6 to move along the edge of the photovoltaic panel, and the distance of each movement is kept to be the distance between the two sliding guide rails 2.

[0056] S6. Repeat steps S2-S5 until the entire row of photovoltaic panels is cleaned.

[0057] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules, comprising a cleaning cylinder (1), a sliding guide rail (2), a sliding mechanism (3), a rotating cleaning mechanism (4), a dust collection mechanism (5), a control box (6), a cable drag chain (7), a support plate (8), a motion bracket (9), a positional motion mechanism (10), and a lower support mechanism (11), characterized in that: Two parallel sliding guide rails (2) are arranged opposite each other. The sliding guide rails (2) are provided with sliding grooves (21) on their inner sides. The bottom of the rear ends of the two sliding guide rails (2) are fixed on the support plate (8). The sliding guide rails (2) are divided into a horizontal cleaning guide rail (201), a maintenance guide rail (203) and a curved connecting guide rail (202). The maintenance guide rail (203) is located above the support plate (8) and is higher than the cleaning guide rail (201). The cleaning guide rail (201) and the maintenance guide rail (203) are connected by the connecting guide rail (202). The cleaning cylinder (1) is equipped with sliding mechanisms (3) on both sides. The sliding mechanisms (3) are locked in the sliding groove (21) and are used to drive the cleaning cylinder (1) to move along the sliding groove (21). The cleaning cylinder (1) is equipped with a rotating cleaning mechanism (4) and is used to clean the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (12) when the cleaning cylinder (1) moves. The cleaning cylinder (1) is equipped with a detachable dust collection mechanism (5) above it and is used to collect the dust cleaned by the rotating cleaning mechanism (4). The support plate (8) is fixed with a motion bracket (9) below it. The support plate (8) and the motion bracket (9) are equipped with a position motion mechanism (10). The position motion mechanism (10) is used to lock the upper end of the photovoltaic panel (12), fix the entire cleaning system and drive the cleaning system to move along the photovoltaic panel (12). The front ends of the two sliding guide rails (2) are fixed with a lower support mechanism (11) that can move along the sliding groove (21) and is used to drive the cleaning system to move along the photovoltaic panel as the position motion mechanism (10) moves. A control box (6) is fixed to the side of the support plate (8). The control box (6) is electrically connected to the position movement mechanism (10) and is used to control the position movement mechanism (10) to work. A cable drag chain (7) is connected to the cleaning cylinder (1) bracket. A connecting cable is provided inside the cable drag chain (7). The control box (6) is electrically connected to the cleaning cylinder (1), the sliding mechanism (3), and the rotating cleaning mechanism (4) through the connecting cable and is used to control the cleaning cylinder (1), the sliding mechanism (3), and the rotating cleaning mechanism (4) to work. The sliding mechanism (3) consists of a support rod (301), a support cylinder (302), a mounting bracket (303), a sliding motor (304), and a sliding drive wheel (305). The cleaning cylinder (1) is fixed with a support rod (301) and a mounting bracket (303) on both sides near the sliding guide rail (2). The support rod (301) is fitted with a support cylinder (302), and the mounting bracket (303) is fixed with a sliding motor (304). The mounting bracket (303) is provided with a sliding drive wheel (305) coaxially connected to the sliding motor (304) on the outside. The sliding drive wheel (305) and the support cylinder (302) are both stuck in the sliding groove (21). The sliding motor (304) and the control box (6) are electrically connected. The cleaning cylinder (1) includes a cylinder body (101), a dusting plate (102), a baffle plate (103), and a vacuum fan (104). A U-shaped baffle plate (103) is fixed in the middle of the cylinder body (101). Two dusting plates (102) are symmetrically fixed in the cylinder body (101) on both sides of the baffle plate (103). There is a gap between the dusting plate (102) and the baffle plate (103). A vacuum fan (104) is installed on the cylinder body (101) at the upper end of the baffle plate (103). The inside of the cylinder body (101) is connected to the outside through the vacuum fan (104). The vacuum fan (104) is electrically connected to the control box (6).

2. The automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating cleaning mechanism (4) consists of a brush roller (401), a rotating seat (402), a rotating motor (403), a pulley (404), and a transmission belt (405). The lower ends of the two dusting plates (102) are each equipped with a brush roller (401). The rotating seat (402) is fixed on the side wall of the cylinder (101) at both ends of the brush roller (401). The two ends of the brush roller (401) are mounted on the rotating seat (402). The rotating motor (403) is mounted on the upper end of the cylinder (101). The rotating shaft of the rotating motor (403) and the rotating shaft of the brush roller (401) are both equipped with pulleys (404), and the pulleys (404) are connected to each other by a transmission belt (405).

3. The automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating motor (403) is provided in two sets, which drive the two brush rollers (401) to rotate respectively. The two brush rollers (401) rotate in the direction of the barrier plate (103). The lower end of the dusting plate (102) abuts against the brush of the brush roller (401).

4. The automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection mechanism (5) consists of a fixed plate (501), a dust collection box (502), an exhaust channel (503), a filter plate (504), and a snap fastener (505). Fixed plates (501) are provided on both sides of the dust suction fan (104) at the upper end of the cylinder (101). The dust collection box (502) has a dust inlet (51) at the lower end and an exhaust channel (503) communicating with the outside at the upper end. A detachable filter plate (504) is fixed inside the exhaust channel (503). The dust collection box (502) is sandwiched between two fixed plates, and the position of the dust inlet (51) corresponds to the position of the dust suction fan (104). The fixed plate (501) and the dust collection box (502) are detachably fixed together by snap fasteners (505).

5. The automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position movement mechanism (10) consists of a rotating shaft (1001), an upper chuck (1002), a drive roller (1003), a transmission belt (1004), and a motion motor (1005). The rotating shaft (1001) is provided with at least two sets, and its upper and lower ends are respectively rotatably mounted on the support plate (8) and the motion bracket (9). The upper chuck (1002) and the drive roller (1003) are fixed on the rotating shaft (1001) from top to bottom. The diameter of the upper chuck (1002) is larger than the diameter of the drive roller (1003). The drive rollers (1003) are connected to each other by a motion belt (1004). The motion bracket (9) is fixed with a motion motor (1005) at its lower end. The motion motor (1005) and one of the rotating shafts (1001) are coaxially connected.

6. The automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower support mechanism (11) consists of a sliding block (1101), a support rod (1102), a sliding wheel (1103), and a locking screw (1104). The support rod (1102) has sliding blocks (1101) at both ends. The sliding blocks (1101) are locked in the sliding groove (21). The bottom of the support rod (1102) is fixed with multiple sets of sliding wheels (1103). The movement direction of the sliding wheels (1103) is the same as the movement direction of the position movement mechanism (10). The locking screw (1104) is connected to the support rod (1102) by a thread and passes through the support rod (1102) to abut against the inner side wall of the sliding groove (21). The bottom of the sliding wheel (1103) is at the same horizontal height as the lower end face of the upper chuck (1002), and this height is higher than the lower end face of the sliding guide rail (2).

7. An automated cleaning method for photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: The cleaning method is applicable to the automated cleaning system for photovoltaic modules according to any one of claims 1-6, and the method specifically includes: S1. Place the entire cleaning system on the photovoltaic panel, and position the motion mechanism (10) at the top of the photovoltaic panel. Adjust the position of the lower support mechanism (11) so that it is placed on the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel. S2. Control the rotating cleaning mechanism (4) through the control box (6) to clean the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and at the same time control the sliding mechanism (3) to make the cleaning cylinder (1) move along the sliding groove (21) towards the downward support mechanism (11); S3. While the rotating cleaning mechanism (4) is working, the dust collection mechanism (5) is working at the same time to collect the dust swept by the rotating cleaning mechanism (4); S4. After touching the lower support mechanism (11), control the sliding mechanism (3) to move along the sliding groove (21) through the control box (6), so that the cleaning cylinder (1) returns to the position above the support plate (8), and control the sliding mechanism (3) and the rotating cleaning mechanism (4) to stop working. S5. Control the position movement mechanism (10) to move along the edge of the photovoltaic panel through the control box (6), and the distance of each movement is kept as the distance between the two sliding guide rails (2); S6. Repeat steps S2-S5 until the entire row of photovoltaic panels is cleaned.

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