Mechanical-hydraulic mixed particle body vertical lifting experiment platform and experiment method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical-hydraulic mixed particle vertical lifting experiment platform, which comprises a main pipeline, a circulating hydraulic power system, a mechanical lifting system, a measurement monitoring system, a control system and a data processing system; the main pipeline comprises a vertical pipe body; the circulating hydraulic system at least comprises a circulating pipeline, a water tank, a water pump and a valve; the mechanical lifting system at least comprises a carrier, a traction rope, a winch and a motor; the measurement monitoring system at least comprises a tension meter, a flow meter, a high-speed camera and a rotating speed sensor; the control system is used for realizing motor switch control, motor rotating speed control, water pump switch control and water pump rotating speed control; and the data processing system at least comprises data processing and analysis software and computer hardware. The experiment platform can simulate the interaction among the particle phase, the fluid phase and the mechanical phase of the mechanical-hydraulic mixed particle vertical lifting system, and analyze the influence law of different conveying parameters on the interaction mechanism among the particle phase, the fluid phase and the mechanical phase.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vertical lifting and conveying of particles, specifically to a mechanical-hydraulic hybrid experimental platform for vertical lifting of particles within a fluid-filled pipeline and its experimental method. Background Technology

[0002] Marine mineral resources are abundant, including a large amount of metals that are scarce in my country. As human demand for resources increases and terrestrial resources gradually deplete, the vast renewable mineral resources on the seabed will undoubtedly become key to solving global resource problems in the future. Therefore, it is imperative that we expedite research into the exploitation of deep-sea mineral resources in international seabed areas.

[0003] Marine mineral resources include polymetallic nodules, cobalt-rich crusts, and hydrothermal sulfides, mostly found in the seabed surface layer at depths of 1500-6000 meters. Developing and utilizing these resources requires efficient, reliable, environmentally friendly, and long-term operational mining systems. Currently, domestic and international scholars have proposed various vertical hoisting systems for mining, including trawl mining systems, continuous chain bucket systems, shuttle submersible systems, hydraulic slurry vertical hoisting systems, and underwater slurry pneumatic vertical hoisting systems. Among these, the hydraulic slurry vertical hoisting system is considered a viable solution for deep-sea mining operations due to its high reliability and environmental friendliness, and numerous scholars worldwide are conducting research on it. However, it suffers from limitations such as low ore concentration, low transport speed, small allowable ore particle size, and low energy utilization. To address this, a newly proposed mechanical-hydraulic hybrid vertical hoisting system uses mechanical power to provide the primary power for vertical hoisting of polymetallic nodules in a solid-liquid sluice flow pattern, while hydraulic power provides auxiliary power for vertical hoisting of the slurry, thereby overcoming ore particle size limitations and significantly improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0004] Since the interaction mechanism between particles, fluid, and machinery in solid-liquid slug flow has a significant impact on the conveying performance of mechanical-hydraulic hybrid vertical lifting conveyor systems, this application establishes an experimental platform for studying the interaction mechanism of particles, fluid, and machinery in slug flow and its significant influence on the conveying efficiency of mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting systems. This experimental platform can simulate the three-phase interaction of a mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting system and analyze the influence of different conveying parameters such as particle concentration, slurry viscosity, slug flow height, conveying speed, and power distribution between water flow and machinery on the interaction mechanism. Through experimental analysis, the design of mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting systems can be further improved to overcome the limitations of existing particle vertical lifting systems and promote the development of deep-sea mining engineering equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanical-hydraulic hybrid vertical lifting experimental platform for particles. This platform uses a mechanical carrier and fluid to jointly realize the vertical lifting motion of particles within a pipeline. It is used to simulate the vertical lifting portion of a mechanical-hydraulic hybrid ore vertical lifting system, including vertical lifting of particles by a mechanical power system under conditions of no fluid, fluid presence, and fluid-driven power, and vertical lifting of particles by a circulating hydraulic power system with and without mechanical vertical lifting power. The invention measures the effects of different vertical lifting speeds, different slurry viscosities / densities, different flow velocities, and different particle packing methods / heights on the interaction between the particles, fluid, and mechanical phases. When the mechanical-hydraulic coupling is working, the energy efficiency of vertical lifting is compared when the mechanical structure vertical lifting and the hydraulic vertical lifting are working separately.

[0006] Compared to the deep-sea mining onshore slurry lifting experimental platform invented in patent CN 111322253 A, the mechanical-hydraulic hybrid coarse particle vertical lifting experimental device of this invention simulates a different object than the traditional hydraulic coarse particle ore lifting system. Furthermore, the experimental simulation conditions of this invention are more comprehensive, allowing for analysis of the influencing factors on the resistance of coarse ore particles during the lifting process from multiple perspectives. Moreover, the experimental platform of the aforementioned patent invention aims to address the low reliability, stability, and efficiency of hydraulic vertical lifting systems by analyzing the effects of different particle concentrations, particle sizes, particle shapes, and conveying speeds on the fluid morphology in the conveying pipeline and the working state of the centrifugal pump. In contrast, the experimental platform of this invention utilizes a mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting technology to overcome the limitations of hydraulic vertical lifting systems, such as low conveying ore concentration, low conveying speed, small allowable ore particle size, and low energy utilization.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting experimental platform of the present invention includes a main pipeline, a circulating hydraulic power system, a mechanical lifting system, a measurement and monitoring system, a control system, and a data processing system;

[0008] The main pipeline includes a transparent, opaque, or partially transparent vertical pipe and connecting flanges, allowing particles, fluids, and carriers to move vertically up and down within the treatment pipe. In addition, to facilitate the replacement of main pipelines made of different materials, the upper and lower ends of the main pipeline can be connected to the circulating water circuit using existing quick-connect fittings.

[0009] The circulating hydraulic system includes at least a circulating pipe for connecting with the main pipeline to form a circulating water path, a water tank for supplying water to the circulating water path, a water pump for providing water circulation power, and a valve for controlling the opening and closing of the circulating water path. The circulating pipe can be formed by connecting existing pipes of any structure via flanges. One end of the entire circulating pipe is connected to the upper end of the main pipeline, and the other end is connected to the lower end of the main pipeline, so that the fluid can circulate through the main pipeline from bottom to top. The water pump and valve are used to provide power to the fluid and control the start and stop of the fluid, respectively, and can be arranged at any position in the circulating pipe.

[0010] The mechanical lifting system includes at least a transport vehicle, a traction rope connected to the transport vehicle, a winch for winding and pulling the traction rope, and a motor for driving the winch. The transport vehicle includes an upper disc, a lower disc, and an intermediate connecting rod that fixes the upper and lower discs, with a particle bearing area formed between the upper and lower discs. The winch can be arranged above the main pipeline to directly pull the traction rope, or a fixed pulley block can be arranged above the main pipeline, with the winch arranged on an installation platform below the main pipeline. The traction rope passes around the fixed pulley block and is connected to the transport vehicle, and the direction of the traction rope is changed through the fixed pulley block.

[0011] The measurement and monitoring system includes a force gauge for collecting the tension of the traction rope, a flow meter for collecting the flow rate of fluid in the circulating water circuit, a high-speed camera for capturing images of particles inside the transport vehicle, and a speed sensor for collecting the speed of the variable frequency speed control motor. The force gauge can obtain the force state of the transport vehicle, the flow meter can control the flow rate of fluid in the main pipeline, and the speed sensor can control the vertical lifting speed of the transport vehicle.

[0012] The control system can centrally control the equipment on the experimental platform, including motor switch control, motor speed control, water pump switch control, water pump speed control, and solenoid valve switch control. In case of an emergency during the experiment, the experimental platform can be stopped by the emergency stop switch of the control system to protect the safety of the experimental personnel.

[0013] The data processing system includes a signal acquisition card and a computer for data processing. Various sensor devices of the experimental platform's detection system are connected to the acquisition card, transmitting data during the experiment to the computer for further processing by the data processing software.

[0014] Furthermore, the main pipeline contains two transport carriers, one for carrying coarse particles and the other for carrying fine particles. The mechanical lifting system consists of two sets of traction ropes, winches, and variable frequency speed-regulating motors, each used to vertically lift the two transport carriers. The middle connecting rod of each transport carrier is hollow, allowing one traction rope to pass through the upper transport carrier and connect to the lower one. Conducting experiments using two transport carriers, one loaded with coarse particles and the other with fine particles, effectively improves experimental efficiency.

[0015] Furthermore, the circulation pipeline includes a return water pipeline and a horizontal pipeline; the water tank includes a return water tank and a supply water tank; the return water tank is located at the upper end of the main pipeline; one end of the horizontal pipeline is connected to the lower end of the main pipeline, and the other end is connected to the supply water tank; one end of the return water pipeline is connected to the return water tank, and the other end is connected to the supply water tank; the water pump, flow meter, and valves are all connected to the horizontal pipeline; providing a stable fluid flow section through the horizontal pipeline can improve the accuracy of flow velocity measurement.

[0016] Furthermore, the mechanical lifting system also includes a limit switch; when the carrier is vertically lifted to its limit position, the limit switch will be triggered to stop the variable frequency speed control motor; the limit switch can be a travel switch or a proximity switch, etc.; a trigger can be fixed in the middle of the traction rope. When the vertical lifting stroke of the carrier reaches the limit value, when the trigger touches or reaches the sensing distance of the limit switch, the variable frequency speed control motor can be stopped through the switch signal it sends, so as to avoid the vertical lifting height of the carrier exceeding the design value and damaging the equipment.

[0017] This invention also discloses an experimental method using the above-mentioned vertical particle lifting experimental platform, comprising the following steps:

[0018] s1. Ensure that there is no fluid in the main pipeline, and load coarse particles and fine particles into the two transport carriers respectively;

[0019] s2. A vertical lifting experiment of the transport vehicle was conducted by changing the material of the main pipeline, the accumulation height of coarse particles and the accumulation height of fine particles in the transport vehicle; the particle motion characteristics were obtained by a high-speed camera and the tension value of the traction rope was obtained by a tension gauge;

[0020] s3. Analyze the relationship between the vertical lifting resistance of the transport vehicle and the material of the main pipeline, the particle packing height and particle size inside the transport vehicle.

[0021] This invention also discloses another experimental method using the above-mentioned vertical particle lifting experimental platform, comprising the following steps:

[0022] s1. Coarse particles and fine particles are loaded into the two transport carriers respectively;

[0023] s2. Ensure that the main pipe is filled with fluid and close the valve to keep the fluid in the main pipe still;

[0024] s3. A vertical lifting experiment of the transport vehicle was conducted by changing the fluid density, the material of the main pipeline, the accumulation height of coarse particles and the accumulation height of fine particles in the transport vehicle; the particle motion characteristics were obtained by a high-speed camera and the tension value of the traction rope was obtained by a tension gauge;

[0025] s4. Analyze the relationship between the vertical lifting resistance of the carrier under static fluid conditions of different densities and the material of the main pipeline, fluid density, particle packing height and particle size inside the carrier.

[0026] This invention also discloses another experimental method using the above-mentioned vertical particle lifting experimental platform, comprising the following steps:

[0027] s1. Loading particles within one of the transport carriers;

[0028] s2. Ensure that the main pipeline is filled with fluid, and open the valve and water pump to allow the fluid in the main pipeline to circulate in the circulation pipeline and control the flow rate of the fluid through the flow meter and water pump;

[0029] s3. Change the fluid density, fluid velocity, and particle stacking height within the transport vehicle while keeping the transport vehicle stationary; obtain particle motion characteristics using a high-speed camera and obtain the tension value of the traction rope using a force gauge;

[0030] s4. Analyze the relationship between the forces acting on the transport carrier and the fluid density, flow velocity, and particle packing height within the transport carrier under different fluid density and flow velocity conditions.

[0031] This invention also discloses another experimental method using the above-mentioned vertical particle lifting experimental platform, comprising the following steps:

[0032] s1. Loading particles within one of the transport carriers;

[0033] s2. Ensure that the main pipeline is filled with fluid, and open the valve and water pump to allow the fluid in the main pipeline to circulate in the circulation pipeline and control the flow rate of the fluid through the flow meter and water pump;

[0034] s3. Change the fluid density, fluid velocity, particle stacking height within the carrier, and vertical lifting speed of the carrier to conduct a vertical lifting experiment; obtain particle motion characteristics using a high-speed camera and obtain the tension value of the traction rope using a force gauge;

[0035] s4. Analyze the relationship between the forces on the carrier and the particle-fluid density ratio, flow velocity, vertical lifting speed of the carrier, and particle stacking height under different density and flow velocity fluid conditions.

[0036] This invention also discloses another experimental method using the above-mentioned vertical particle lifting experimental platform, comprising the following steps:

[0037] s1. Coarse particles and fine particles are loaded into the two transport carriers respectively;

[0038] s2. Ensure that the main pipeline is filled with fluid, and open the valve and water pump to allow the fluid in the main pipeline to circulate in the circulation pipeline and control the flow rate of the fluid through the flow meter and water pump;

[0039] s3. Change the fluid density, fluid velocity, the stacking height of coarse particles in the carrier, the particle size of fine particles in the carrier, and the vertical lifting speed of the carrier to conduct a vertical lifting experiment of the carrier; obtain the particle motion characteristics through a high-speed camera and obtain the tension value of the traction rope through a tension gauge;

[0040] s4. Analyze the relationship between the force on the carrier and the particle-fluid density ratio, coarse-fine particle size ratio, fluid velocity, vertical lifting speed of the carrier, and particle stacking height under different density and flow velocity fluid conditions.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0042] 1. The experimental platform of the present invention can simulate the working state of a mechanical-hydraulic hybrid vertical hoisting system for ore. It can simulate the working state of the system under the coupling of mechanical and hydraulic forces, as well as the working state under the action of mechanical or hydraulic power alone.

[0043] 2. The experimental platform circulating hydraulic system of the present invention can complete the water circulation of the slurry used in the experiment, which can save the cost of preparing slurry samples on the one hand, and avoid the influence caused by changes in the physical properties of the slurry on the other hand.

[0044] 3. The experimental platform of the present invention can achieve both stationary movement of the carrier within the main pipeline and vertical lifting movement of the carrier, thus enabling better control of particle movement compared to other hydraulic vertical lifting experimental platforms.

[0045] 4. The experimental platform of this invention utilizes a tension gauge on a traction rope connected to the transport vehicle to accurately measure the force exerted on particles by the fluid. Compared with other hydraulic vertical lifting experimental platforms, it can more accurately measure the interaction force between particles and fluid.

[0046] 5. The experimental platform of the present invention can not only collect data on the interaction forces between particles, fluid and mechanical phases through sensor data, but also perform motion morphology analysis on the interaction between particles, fluid and mechanical phases during the vertical lifting process through a high-speed camera.

[0047] 6. The experimental platform of this invention can realize vertical lifting experiments of particles with different particle sizes, shapes, and densities.

[0048] 7. The experimental platform of this invention can realize experiments on different vertical lifting speeds of particles.

[0049] 8. The experimental platform of the present invention can realize experiments with different slurry flow rates.

[0050] 9. The experimental platform of this invention uses electric control and sensor measurement, which can realize real-time adjustment of lifting speed and water pump flow rate, and real-time acquisition and statistics of multiple parameters.

[0051] 10. The main pipe of the vertical lifting system of the experimental platform of the present invention can be replaced with pipes of different materials to obtain the influence of pipe material, surface roughness and other factors on vertical lifting resistance.

[0052] 11. The experimental platform mechanical lifting system of the present invention is equipped with limit switches, and the circulating hydraulic system is equipped with vibration absorbers to ensure safety during the experiment and long-term use. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting experimental platform of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the camera track details of the mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting experimental platform of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the details of the transport carrier of the mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting experimental platform of the present invention.

[0056] In the diagram: 1-Pulley block; 2-Main pipeline; 3-Force gauge I; 4-Force gauge II; 5-Steel wire traction rope; 6-Return water tank; 7-Wind hoist I; 8-Variable frequency speed control motor I; 9-Water supply tank; 10-Return water pipeline; 11-Valve; 12-High-speed camera; 13-Camera mounting bracket; 14-Electromagnetic flow meter; 15-Centrifugal pump; 16-Vibration absorber; 17-Wind hoist II; 18-Variable frequency speed control motor II; 19-Transport vehicle I; 20-Transport vehicle II; 21-Pressure gauge I; 22-Pressure gauge II; 23-Horizontal pipeline; 24-Main pipeline fixing bracket; 25-Fixed base; 26-Limit switch; 27-Data processing computer; 28-Control system. Detailed Implementation

[0057] Example 1: Mechanical-Hydraulic Hybrid Vertical Lifting Experimental Platform for Particles

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting experimental platform of this embodiment includes a main pipeline 2, a circulating hydraulic power system, a mechanical lifting system, a measurement and monitoring system, a control system, and a data processing system;

[0059] The main pipe 2 includes a transparent, non-transparent, or partially transparent vertical pipe (when using a non-transparent main pipe, a transparent observation window must be installed on the pipe), a connecting flange, and a fixed base 25, so that the particles, fluid, and carrier can move vertically up and down within the vertical pipe. The main pipe 2 is made of vertically installed acrylic pipe, steel pipe, or other materials, and is fixedly installed on a fixed base 25 made of stainless steel. In addition, to improve the stability of the installation of the main pipe 2, multiple clamp-structured main pipe fixing frames 24 can be installed outside the main pipe 2.

[0060] The circulating hydraulic system includes a circulating pipe for connecting with the main pipe 2 to form a circulating water path, a water tank for supplying water to the circulating water path, a centrifugal pump 15 for providing power for water circulation, and a valve 11 for controlling the opening and closing of the circulating water path; the circulating pipe includes a return water pipe 10 and a horizontal pipe 23; the water tank includes a return water tank 6 and a supply water tank 9; the left end of the horizontal pipe 23 is connected to the lower end of the main pipe 2 through a bend, a valve 11 is installed between the horizontal pipe 23 and the bend, an electromagnetic flow meter 14 is installed in the middle of the horizontal pipe 23, the right end of the horizontal pipe 23 is connected to the centrifugal pump 15, the other end of the centrifugal pump 15 is connected to the supply water tank 9, the return water tank 6 is placed above the main pipe 2 and connected to the main pipe 2 through a flange, and a return water pipe 10 is installed between the return water tank 6 and the supply water tank 9. The main pipe 2, return water pipe 10, and horizontal pipe 23 are interconnected to form a circulation pipeline. The centrifugal pump 15, electromagnetic flowmeter 14, and valve 11 are all located on the pipeline where the horizontal pipe 23 is located. The centrifugal pump 15 enables the fluid to circulate from bottom to top through the main pipe 2. The bottom of the centrifugal pump 15 is equipped with a vibration absorber 16 to suppress the vibration generated during the operation of the centrifugal pump 15, ensuring the safety of the experiment. The horizontal pipe 23 provides a stable fluid flow section, which can improve the accuracy of flow velocity measurement, while the valve 11 can control the stillness or flow of the fluid.

[0061] The mechanical lifting system includes a carrier I19 and a carrier II20 that can move along the axis of the main pipe 2; two steel wire traction ropes 5 for connecting the carrier I19 and the carrier II20 respectively; a winch I7 and a winch II17 for winding and pulling the two steel wire traction ropes 5 respectively; and a variable frequency speed control motor I8 and a variable frequency speed control motor II18 for driving the winch I7 and the winch II17 to rotate respectively. The carrier I19 and the carrier II20 are used to carry coarse particles and fine particles respectively. The carrier includes an upper disc, a lower disc, and an intermediate connecting rod that fixes the upper disc and the lower disc, and a particle carrying area is formed between the upper disc and the lower disc. A fixed pulley group 1 is arranged above the main pipe 2, while the winch I7 and the winch II17 are arranged on the installation platform at the lower part of the main pipe 2. The traction rope 5 passes around the fixed pulley group 1 and is connected to the carrier I19 or the carrier II20. The direction of the traction rope 5 is changed by the fixed pulley group 1. The intermediate connecting rod of the transport vehicle is a hollow rod, allowing the steel wire traction rope 5 connecting transport vehicle II 20 to pass through the intermediate connecting rod of transport vehicle I 19 and connect to transport vehicle II 20 below. A limit switch 26 can be installed above the main pipe 2 on one side of the steel wire traction rope 5; when the transport vehicle is vertically lifted to its limit position, the limit switch 26 will be triggered, controlling the variable frequency speed control motor to stop; the limit switch 26 can be a limit switch or proximity switch, etc.; a trigger can be fixed in the middle section of the traction rope 5. When the vertical lifting stroke of the transport vehicle reaches the limit value, when the trigger touches or reaches the sensing distance of the limit switch 26, the switch signal sent by it can control the variable frequency speed control motor to stop, preventing the vertical lifting height of the transport vehicle from exceeding the design value and damaging the equipment.

[0062] The measurement and monitoring system includes a tension gauge I3 and a tension gauge II4 for collecting the tension of the two steel wire traction ropes 5, an electromagnetic flowmeter 14 installed on the horizontal pipe 23 for collecting fluid flow rate, a high-speed camera 12 for capturing images of particles inside the transport vehicle, a speed sensor for collecting the rotational speed of the variable frequency speed control motor, and pressure gauges I21 and II22 installed at the upper and lower ends of the main pipe 2 for measuring the pressure drop during the experiment. The measured pressure drop can be used to calculate the lifting resistance. A camera mounting bracket 13 is provided on the side of the main pipe 2 to fix the high-speed camera 12. The high-speed camera 12 is installed on a separate vertical track and moves synchronously with the transport vehicle through motion control. It can perform motion morphology analysis on the interaction between particles, fluid, and machinery during the vertical lifting process. The tension gauge can obtain the force state of the transport vehicle, the electromagnetic flowmeter 14 can control the flow rate of the fluid inside the main pipe 2, and the speed sensor can obtain the rotational speed of the variable frequency speed control motor, thereby controlling the vertical lifting speed of the transport vehicle.

[0063] Example 2: Experimental Method for Vertical Lifting of Particles under Fluid-Free Conditions

[0064] The experimental method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0065] s1. Ensure that there is no fluid in the main pipeline 2, load coarse particles in transport carrier I 19, and load fine particles in transport carrier II 20;

[0066] s2. Activate the variable frequency speed control motor I8 and variable frequency speed control motor II18 to repeatedly conduct vertical lifting experiments on the transport vehicle. At the same time, change the material of the main pipe 2, the accumulation height of coarse particles in transport vehicle I19, and the accumulation height of fine particles in transport vehicle II20 by replacing the main pipe with a flange. Obtain particle motion characteristics such as acceleration and displacement through high-speed camera 12, and obtain the tension values ​​of the two steel wire traction ropes 5 through tension gauge I3 and tension machine II.

[0067] s3. Analyze the relationship between the vertical lifting resistance of the transport vehicle and the material of the main pipeline 2, the particle packing height and particle size inside the transport vehicle.

[0068] Example 3: Experimental Method for Vertical Lifting of Particles under the Condition of Vertical Lifting of a Fluid Static Carrier

[0069] The experimental method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0070] s1. Coarse particles are loaded in carrier I 19, and fine particles are loaded in carrier II 20;

[0071] s2. Turn on the centrifugal pump 15 to inject fluid into the main pipe 2 so that the main pipe 2 is filled with fluid, and then close the valve 11 and the centrifugal pump 15 to keep the fluid in the main pipe 2 still;

[0072] s3. Repeatedly conduct vertical lifting experiments of the transport vehicle by starting the variable frequency speed control motor I8 and the variable frequency speed control motor II18, while changing the fluid density, the material of the main pipe 2, the accumulation height of coarse particles in transport vehicle I19, and the accumulation height of fine particles in transport vehicle II20; obtain the particle motion characteristics through the high-speed camera 12, and obtain the tension values ​​of the two steel wire traction ropes 5 through the tension gauge I3 and the tension machine II;

[0073] s4. Analyze the relationship between the vertical lifting resistance of the carrier under static fluid conditions of different densities and the material of the main pipe 2, the fluid density, the particle packing height and particle size in the carrier.

[0074] Example 4: Experimental Method for Vertical Lifting of Particles under Static Conditions of a Fluid Vertical Lifting Carrier

[0075] The experimental method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0076] s1. Load coarse particles into carrier I19 and keep the carrier stationary;

[0077] s2. Start the centrifugal pump 15 and valve 11 to inject fluid into the main pipe 2, so that the fluid in the main pipe 2 circulates in the circulation pipeline and the flow rate of the fluid is controlled by the electromagnetic flowmeter 14 and centrifugal pump 15.

[0078] s3. Change the fluid density, fluid velocity, and the accumulation height of coarse particles in the carrier I19; obtain the motion characteristics of coarse particles through the high-speed camera 12, and obtain the tension value of the steel wire traction rope 5 through the tension gauge I3;

[0079] s4. Analyze the relationship between the forces on the transport carrier and the fluid density, flow velocity and particle accumulation height in the main pipe 2 under different fluid density and flow velocity conditions.

[0080] Example 5: Experimental Method for Vertical Lifting of Particles under Simultaneous Vertical Lifting of Fluid and Single Transport Carrier

[0081] s1. Load coarse particles into carrier I19;

[0082] s2. Open valve 11 and centrifugal pump 15 to allow the fluid in the main pipe 2 to circulate in the circulation pipeline and control the flow rate of the fluid through flow meter and centrifugal pump 15;

[0083] s3. Start the variable frequency speed control motor I8 to repeatedly carry out the vertical lifting experiment of the carrier, while changing the fluid density, fluid velocity, the accumulation height of particles in the carrier and the vertical lifting speed of the carrier I19, and obtain the particle motion characteristics through the high-speed camera 12, and obtain the tension value of the steel wire traction rope 5 through the tension gauge I3.

[0084] s4. Analyze the relationship between the forces on the carrier and the particle-fluid density ratio, flow velocity, vertical lifting speed of the carrier, and particle stacking height under different density and flow velocity fluid conditions.

[0085] Example 6: Experimental Method for Vertical Lifting of Particles under Simultaneous Vertical Lifting of Fluid and Single Transport Carrier

[0086] s1. Coarse particles are loaded in carrier I 19, and fine particles are loaded in carrier II 20;

[0087] s2. Open valve 11 and centrifugal pump 15 to allow the fluid in the main pipe 2 to circulate in the circulation pipeline and control the flow rate of the fluid through flow meter and centrifugal pump 15;

[0088] s3. Repeatedly conduct vertical lifting experiments of the transport vehicle by turning on the variable frequency speed control motor I8 and variable frequency speed control motor II18, changing the fluid density, fluid velocity, the accumulation height of coarse particles in transport vehicle I19, the particle size of fine particles in transport vehicle II20, and the vertical lifting speed of transport vehicle I19; obtain the particle motion characteristics through the high-speed camera 12, and obtain the tension value of the traction rope through the tension gauge;

[0089] s4. Analyze the relationship between the force on the carrier and the particle-fluid density ratio, coarse-fine particle size ratio, fluid velocity, vertical lifting speed of the carrier, and particle stacking height under different density and flow velocity fluid conditions.

[0090] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations; any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical-hydraulic hybrid vertical lifting experimental platform for particles, characterized in that: It includes the main pipeline, circulating hydraulic power system, mechanical lifting system, measurement and monitoring system, control system, and data processing system; The main pipeline includes a transparent, opaque, or partially transparent vertical pipe body and connecting flanges, allowing particles, fluids, and carriers to move vertically up and down within the vertical pipe body. The circulating water power system includes at least a circulating pipe for connecting with the main pipe and forming a circulating water path, a water tank for supplying water to the circulating water path, a water pump for providing water circulation power, and a valve for controlling the opening and closing of the circulating water path. The mechanical lifting system includes at least a transport carrier, a traction rope connecting the transport carrier, a winch for winding the traction rope, and a motor for driving the winch; the transport carrier includes an upper disc, a lower disc, and an intermediate connecting rod for fixing the upper disc and the lower disc, and a particle bearing area is formed between the upper disc and the lower disc. The measurement and monitoring system includes a tension meter for collecting the tension of the traction rope, a flow meter for collecting the flow rate of fluid in the circulating water circuit, a high-speed camera for capturing the movement of particles in the carrier, and a speed sensor for collecting the motor speed. The control system is used to control the start-up, stop-up, and speed of the motor, and the start-up, stop-up, and speed of the water pump; The data processing system includes a signal acquisition card and a computer for processing data; each sensor in the experimental platform is connected to the signal acquisition card to transmit data during the experiment to the computer, where the data processing software processes the data. The main pipeline contains two transport carriers, one for carrying coarse particles and the other for carrying fine particles. The mechanical lifting system consists of two sets of traction ropes, winches, and variable frequency speed-regulating motors, which are used to vertically lift the two transport carriers. The middle connecting rod of each transport carrier is hollow, allowing one of the traction ropes to pass through the upper transport carrier and connect to the lower transport carrier.

2. The mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation pipeline includes a return water pipeline and a horizontal pipeline; the water tank includes a return water tank and a supply water tank; the return water tank is located at the upper end of the main pipeline; one end of the horizontal pipeline is connected to the lower end of the main pipeline, and the other end is connected to the supply water tank; one end of the return water pipeline is connected to the return water tank, and the other end is connected to the supply water tank; the water pump, flow meter, and valves are all connected to the horizontal pipeline.

3. The mechanical-hydraulic hybrid particle vertical lifting experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical lifting system also includes a limit switch; when the carrier is vertically lifted to the limit position, the limit switch will be triggered to stop the motor.

4. An experimental method using the particle vertical lifting experimental platform according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: s1. Ensure that there is no fluid in the main pipeline, and load coarse particles and fine particles into the two transport carriers respectively; s2. A vertical lifting experiment of the transport vehicle was conducted by changing the material of the main pipeline, the accumulation height of coarse particles and the accumulation height of fine particles in the transport vehicle; the particle motion characteristics were obtained by a high-speed camera and the tension value of the traction rope was obtained by a tension gauge; s3. Analyze the relationship between the vertical lifting resistance of the transport vehicle and the material of the main pipeline, the particle packing height and particle size inside the transport vehicle.

5. An experimental method using the particle vertical lifting experimental platform according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: s1. Coarse particles and fine particles are loaded into the two transport carriers respectively; s2. Ensure that the main pipe is filled with fluid and close the valve to keep the fluid in the main pipe still; s3. A vertical lifting experiment of the transport vehicle was conducted by changing the fluid density, the material of the main pipeline, the accumulation height of coarse particles and the accumulation height of fine particles in the transport vehicle; the particle motion characteristics were obtained by a high-speed camera and the tension value of the traction rope was obtained by a tension gauge; s4. Analyze the relationship between the vertical lifting resistance of the carrier under static fluid conditions with different densities and viscosities and the main pipeline material, fluid density, fluid viscosity, particle packing height and particle size within the carrier.

6. An experimental method using the particle vertical lifting experimental platform according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: s1. Loading particles within one of the transport carriers; s2. Ensure that the main pipeline is filled with fluid, and open the valve and water pump to allow the fluid in the main pipeline to circulate in the circulation pipeline and control the flow rate of the fluid through the flow meter and water pump; s3. Change the fluid density, fluid velocity, and particle stacking height within the transport vehicle while keeping the transport vehicle stationary; obtain particle motion characteristics using a high-speed camera and obtain the tension value of the traction rope using a force gauge; s4. Analyze the relationship between the forces acting on the transport carrier and the fluid density, flow velocity, and particle packing height within the transport carrier under different fluid density and flow velocity conditions.

7. An experimental method using the particle vertical lifting experimental platform according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: s1. Loading particles within one of the transport carriers; s2. Ensure that the main pipeline is filled with fluid, and open the valve and water pump to allow the fluid in the main pipeline to circulate in the circulation pipeline and control the flow rate of the fluid through the flow meter and water pump; s3. Change the fluid density, fluid velocity, particle stacking height within the carrier, and vertical lifting speed of the carrier to conduct a vertical lifting experiment; obtain particle motion characteristics using a high-speed camera and obtain the tension value of the traction rope using a force gauge; s4. Analyze the relationship between the forces on the carrier and the particle-fluid density ratio, flow velocity, vertical lifting speed of the carrier, and particle stacking height under different density and flow velocity fluid conditions.

8. An experimental method using the particle vertical lifting experimental platform according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: s1. Coarse particles and fine particles are loaded into the two transport carriers respectively; s2. Ensure that the main pipeline is filled with fluid, and open the valve and water pump to allow the fluid in the main pipeline to circulate in the circulation pipeline and control the flow rate of the fluid through the flow meter and water pump; s3. Change the fluid density, fluid velocity, the stacking height of coarse particles in the carrier, the particle size of fine particles in the carrier, and the vertical lifting speed of the carrier to conduct a vertical lifting experiment of the carrier; obtain the particle motion characteristics through a high-speed camera and obtain the tension value of the traction rope through a tension gauge; s4. Analyze the relationship between the force on the carrier and the particle-fluid density ratio, coarse-fine particle size ratio, fluid velocity, vertical lifting speed of the carrier, and particle stacking height under different density and flow velocity fluid conditions.

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