An energy management device and method suitable for distributed energy storage systems

Abstract

The application discloses an energy management device and method suitable for a distributed energy storage system, and the energy management device suitable for the distributed energy storage system comprises a monitoring module, an HMI, a cloud centralized control system and a local centralized control system, and is connected with an energy storage unit of the energy storage system; the HMI provides an on-site monitoring operation interface, and state data information is checked through the HMI; the monitoring module comprises a data acquisition and forwarding unit, a state monitoring and alarm unit, a strategy management and verification unit, a data storage unit and a control protection unit; the monitoring module and the HMI are arranged and installed on the energy storage unit to perform on-site monitoring, and sufficient convenience is provided for independent debugging, testing and fault checking of the battery cluster; meanwhile, an energy management method suitable for the distributed energy storage system is provided, energy management strategy verification is performed locally on the energy storage system, invalid strategy configuration is alarmed, and the risk of error or invalid strategy execution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage management technology, and in particular to an energy management device and method suitable for distributed energy storage systems. Background Technology

[0002] For distributed energy storage systems, there are currently two EMS architectures: local centralized control and cloud centralized control. The former collects data from distributed battery clusters, PCS and other auxiliary equipment through a front-end controller and forwards it to the local centralized control system. The local centralized control system performs centralized monitoring and energy scheduling and provides an HMI (human-machine interface) for operation and control. The latter collects and forwards data from battery clusters, PCS and other auxiliary equipment to the cloud platform through IoT devices such as gateways. The cloud platform is then used for remote monitoring and scheduling.

[0003] Currently, EMS solutions for distributed energy storage systems mainly consist of two types: local centralized control and cloud-based centralized control. The problems include: 1. The energy storage unit level, especially the battery cluster level, lacks on-site monitoring capabilities. For example, local centralized control solutions typically only provide monitoring HMIs at the local control center, usually at the energy storage plant level. When conducting on-site commissioning and troubleshooting, the system still relies on information prompts and control from the control center, significantly reducing work efficiency. Similarly, cloud-based centralized control solutions generally only install gateways and other communication devices on-site, without corresponding HMI equipment, thus lacking on-site monitoring capabilities at the battery cluster level. This deficiency brings considerable inconvenience to on-site commissioning, testing, and troubleshooting of energy storage systems; 2. Currently, the typical method for configuring and updating energy strategies for distributed energy storage systems via the cloud is through public network communication channels at the IoT protocol level. Due to network quality and security reasons, there are risks of data loss and other security vulnerabilities. Furthermore, the lack of strategy verification at the energy storage system level means the system may execute incorrect or invalid strategies.

[0004] A patent published in Chinese patent literature, titled "An Energy Storage Battery Management System," with publication number CN114006060A, discloses an energy storage battery management system comprising: an energy storage unit, an energy storage unit group controller, and an energy management system. The energy storage unit includes an energy storage unit controller, multiple battery cluster management units, and multiple battery clusters. Each battery cluster is connected to a corresponding battery cluster management unit, and the multiple battery cluster management units are connected in parallel and communicate with the energy storage unit controller via a confluence connection. The energy storage unit group controller communicates with the confluenced energy storage unit controllers via Ethernet to form an energy storage unit group. The energy management system communicates with the confluenced energy storage unit group controllers via Ethernet. However, patent CN114006060A does not mention on-site monitoring technology or the energy strategy verification process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the current problems of energy storage units lacking local monitoring capabilities and the absence of policy verification at the energy storage system level. It proposes an energy management device suitable for distributed energy storage systems, which includes a monitoring module and an HMI installed on the energy storage unit for local monitoring, providing significant convenience for independent commissioning, testing, and troubleshooting of battery clusters. Simultaneously, it proposes an energy management method suitable for distributed energy storage systems, performing energy management policy verification locally within the energy storage system and issuing alarms for invalid policy configurations, thereby reducing the risk of erroneous or invalid policy execution.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an energy management device suitable for distributed energy storage systems, characterized in that it comprises,

[0007] The monitoring module communicates with the HMI, the cloud-based centralized control system, and the local centralized control system, and also connects to the energy storage unit of the energy storage system.

[0008] HMI provides a local monitoring and operation interface, allowing users to view status data information.

[0009] The monitoring module includes,

[0010] The data acquisition and forwarding unit collects and forwards the status data information of the energy storage unit.

[0011] The status monitoring and alarm unit monitors the operating status of each device in the energy storage system in real time and issues alarms for abnormal conditions.

[0012] The policy management verification unit is used for policy configuration, execution, and verification.

[0013] The data storage unit stores system operation data for historical periods, which is used to verify the benefits of energy management strategies.

[0014] The control and protection unit manages and executes equipment start-up and shutdown, relay on / off, and system protection logic.

[0015] In this invention, the energy management device comprises a monitoring module and an HMI, which are installed on the energy storage unit. The monitoring module is responsible for data acquisition and forwarding, control and protection logic management, energy strategy management, status monitoring, alarm and verification functions, etc. The HMI provides a local monitoring operation interface to meet local control, debugging, testing and fault diagnosis needs. Local monitoring is performed at the smallest energy storage unit that makes up the energy storage system, namely the battery cluster level, providing full convenience for independent debugging, testing and fault diagnosis of the battery cluster. It also supports local monitoring of energy storage units composed of multiple battery clusters.

[0016] Preferably, the monitoring module is connected to the local centralized control system via Ethernet and interacts with the data using the IEC104 protocol. The monitoring module also communicates with the cloud-based centralized control system using 4G or 5G. In this invention, the monitoring module has communication interfaces such as Ethernet (RJ45), RS485, CAN, DI, and DO, and supports communication protocols such as Modbus, CAN, IEC104, and MQTT, meeting the access requirements of mainstream PCS, BMS, and equipment such as air conditioning and fire protection systems, as well as cloud communication requirements.

[0017] Preferably, the energy storage system includes several energy storage units, each energy storage unit includes several battery clusters, each battery cluster is connected to a battery management system, the battery management system is connected to an energy storage converter, and the energy storage converter is connected to a transformer. The energy storage units are the monitoring objects of this invention, and the energy storage units can be flexibly installed in a distributed or centralized manner to meet the construction needs of large-scale energy storage systems of different sizes and requirements.

[0018] An energy management method suitable for distributed energy storage systems, applicable to the aforementioned energy management device for distributed energy storage systems, includes an energy management strategy verification process, the verification process comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1, data integrity and validity verification, including communication verification, reverse verification, duplicate and conflict verification;

[0020] S2, protection verification, includes explicit parameter verification and simulation operation verification;

[0021] S3, cost-effectiveness check.

[0022] In this invention, the monitoring module is responsible for the management and verification of the energy dispatch strategy. It performs data integrity and validity verification, protection verification, and revenue verification on the strategy parameters sent from the cloud. If all three verifications pass, the strategy update is executed; otherwise, the strategy update is abandoned, the abnormal strategy change alarm is recorded and reported to the cloud or local centralized control system, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the energy storage system and revenue.

[0023] Preferably, in step S11, the received data packet is verified for communication. The cyclic redundancy check method is used to check the integrity and correctness of the data packet. If the data packet is complete and correct, the policy contained in the data packet is temporarily written into the memory of the energy management device and the process proceeds to step S12. Otherwise, the writing of the policy is abandoned, log is recorded, and data error information is returned to the policy sending end.

[0024] S12, the energy management device sends the received strategy to the strategy sending end, which performs reverse verification; the strategy sending end displays the strategy read from the energy management device and compares it with the original data for confirmation; if the strategy sending end confirms the reverse verification and sends confirmation information, then proceed to step S13; otherwise, abandon the strategy update.

[0025] S13, perform duplicate and conflict checks. The energy management device retrieves historical policies that have been saved and are in an enabled state, compares them with existing policies, and determines whether the policies are duplicated based on the charging and discharging time periods, and whether there is any overlap in time periods. If so, it is determined to be a conflict, the log is recorded, and a conflict error message is returned; otherwise, proceed to step S2. In this invention, the policy issuing end can be a cloud-based centralized control system, a local centralized control system, or a built-in HMI; specifically, the policy issuing end has automatic comparison calculation capabilities and performs automatic comparison confirmation.

[0026] Preferably, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0027] S21, verify the parameters explicitly set in the strategy for exceeding limits and deviating from their limits. The limit exceeding verification method is to judge the limit exceeding based on the preset upper and lower limits of the parameter. The set strategy parameter (P_set) should satisfy P_min≤P_set≤P_max, where P_min and P_max are the preset minimum and maximum values ​​of the strategy parameter, respectively. If P_set is greater than the maximum value or less than the minimum value, an limit exceeding error will occur and the protection verification will fail. The deviation verification is to compare the set strategy parameter (P_set) with the preset reference value (P_ref). If the deviation between the two is too large, the protection verification will fail and a deviation alarm will be generated.

[0028] S22, Model run verification is a process of verifying the potential violation of energy storage protection constraints by simulating the operation of the strategy with default parameters. The verification includes the number of daily charge-discharge cycles and the State of Charge (SOC). In this invention, the parameters supported for verification by explicit parameter verification include charge-discharge period, charge-discharge rate, float charge voltage, termination voltage, transition voltage, SOC, depth of discharge (DOD), and charge-discharge power.

[0029] Preferably, step S3 specifically involves: simulating the daily charging and discharging economic benefits generated by all strategy combinations after adding the new strategy. The calculation method is: Daily Benefit = Daily Charging Amount * Charging Price - Daily Discharging Amount * Discharging Price. If the daily benefit is higher than the original strategy combination, the strategy is applied; otherwise, an abnormal benefit prompt is returned. In this invention, after protection verification, an economic verification is performed; the economic verification determines whether executing the new strategy can obtain benefits exceeding those of the current strategy.

[0030] Preferably, step S22 includes the following steps:

[0031] S221, the number of daily charge and discharge cycles is obtained by calculating all charge and discharge strategies that are enabled on the energy management device. If the number of daily charge and discharge cycles exceeds the preset value, the log is recorded and an error message indicating that the number of daily charge and discharge cycles exceeds the limit is returned.

[0032] S222, SOC verification; Due to battery capacity degradation during use, under the same remaining capacity requirement, the remaining SOC (SOC) is... residual It should be higher than the initial SOC (SOC) min The minimum value is large. Considering capacity decay, the calculation is based on the current SOH and SOC limits, as follows:

[0033]

[0034] The energy management device calculates the actual remaining SOC based on the discharge duration and discharge rate of the discharge strategy. If the actual remaining SOC is less than the SOC... residual If the error occurs, a log is recorded and a protection error message is returned. In this invention, the SOC verification comprehensively considers the battery state of health (SOH), SOC limit requirements, simulates the operation strategy, and calculates the remaining SOC after the discharge strategy is implemented to meet the minimum SOC requirements generated by backup power, etc.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0036] 1. It has the capability to monitor the smallest energy storage unit, namely the battery cluster level, which can facilitate the on-site commissioning, testing and troubleshooting of battery clusters.

[0037] 2. The system performs data integrity and validity checks, protection checks, and revenue checks on the strategy parameters issued from the cloud-based centralized control system. If all three checks pass, the strategy update is executed; otherwise, the strategy update is abandoned, the abnormal strategy change alarm is recorded, and reported to the cloud-based centralized control system or the local centralized control system, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the energy storage system and its revenue. 3. This invention supports both local monitoring at the battery cluster level and station control level, as well as remote monitoring in the cloud. It also supports continuously sending operational data to the cloud-based centralized control system for continuous updates to the energy management strategy, meeting the technical requirements for energy management in distributed energy storage systems. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an energy storage unit of an energy management device and method applicable to distributed energy storage systems according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy management device and method applicable to distributed energy storage systems according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the energy management device and the energy storage unit, the local centralized control system, and the cloud centralized control system, according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method in an energy management device and method applicable to distributed energy storage systems according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Example:

[0043] This embodiment proposes an energy management device suitable for distributed energy storage systems, referencing... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The system includes a monitoring module and an HMI (Hybrid Management Interface). The monitoring module is communicatively connected to the HMI, the cloud-based centralized control system, and the local centralized control system. It is also connected to the energy storage units of the energy storage system. The HMI provides a local monitoring and operation interface, allowing users to view status data. Specifically, the monitoring module includes a data acquisition and forwarding unit, a status monitoring and alarm unit, a strategy management and verification unit, a data storage unit, and a control and protection unit. The data acquisition and forwarding unit is connected to the status monitoring and alarm unit, which in turn is connected to the strategy management and verification unit, which is connected to the data storage unit. In this embodiment, the HMI provides a local monitoring and operation interface for the battery cluster. Users can view system status data (such as current, voltage, power, temperature, etc.), alarms, charge / discharge levels, and perform on-site control such as system start / stop and relay switching, as well as energy management strategy configuration and testing. The HMI supports graphical displays, including wiring diagrams and data charts.

[0044] Specifically, in the monitoring module, the data acquisition and forwarding unit collects and forwards the status data information of the energy storage unit. In this embodiment, the data acquisition and forwarding unit collects and forwards information of the battery, PCS and other devices, such as battery status data such as current, voltage and temperature, to the cloud-based centralized control system or the local centralized control system. At the same time, it receives policy parameters issued by the cloud-based centralized control system. In addition, it also supports policy configuration and control command issuance through the local centralized control system.

[0045] The status monitoring and alarm unit monitors the operating status of each device in the energy storage system in real time and issues alarms for abnormal states. In this embodiment, the alarms for abnormal states are issued according to pre-configured alarm rules. The status monitoring and alarm unit also supports alarms for abnormal changes in energy management strategies.

[0046] The strategy management and verification unit is used for strategy configuration and execution, and strategy verification. In this embodiment, strategy configuration and execution specifically include: supporting strategy and strategy group configuration; configuring one or more peak shaving and valley filling charging and discharging control strategies according to the peak-valley electricity price table; and supporting the combination of multiple strategies to form a charging and discharging combination strategy that obtains the maximum peak shaving and valley filling benefits for peak-valley electricity price tables with seasonal or time-varying changes. Strategy verification specifically includes: supporting triple verification of data integrity and validity, protection verification, and benefit verification for strategies issued by the local control center or the cloud; strategy updates are only performed when all three verifications pass; otherwise, strategy updates are abandoned, and an alarm for abnormal strategy changes is generated.

[0047] The data storage unit stores system operation data within historical time periods for verifying the benefits of energy management strategies. In this embodiment, the data storage unit stores data from the most recent week. In addition, the unit also supports temporary storage of collected data to enable breakpoint resume functionality.

[0048] The control and protection unit manages and executes equipment start-up and shutdown, relay on / off, and system protection logic.

[0049] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The monitoring module is connected to the local centralized control system via Ethernet and interacts with the system using the IEC104 protocol. The monitoring module communicates with the cloud-based centralized control system via 4G or 5G. In this embodiment, the HMI and monitoring module can be installed separately, allowing for flexible selection of installation locations without spatial limitations. The HMI and monitoring module communicate via RS485, with each having its own communication interface. Specifically, the monitoring module has Ethernet (RJ45), RS485, CAN, DI, and DO communication interfaces, supporting communication protocols such as Modbus, CAN, IEC104, and MQTT, meeting the access requirements of mainstream PCS, BMS, and air conditioning, fire protection, and other equipment, as well as cloud communication requirements.

[0050] refer to Figure 1 The energy storage system includes several energy storage units, each containing several battery clusters. The battery clusters are connected to a battery management system, which in turn is connected to an energy storage converter. The energy storage converter is connected to a transformer. Additional auxiliary equipment such as fire protection and air conditioning can also be added to form energy storage units. These energy storage units are the monitoring objects of this invention. They can be flexibly installed in a distributed or centralized manner to meet the construction needs of large-scale energy storage systems of different sizes and requirements.

[0051] In this invention, the energy management device comprises a monitoring module and an HMI, which are installed on the energy storage unit. The monitoring module is responsible for data acquisition and forwarding, control and protection logic management, energy strategy management, status monitoring, alarm and verification functions, etc. The HMI provides a local monitoring operation interface to meet local control, debugging, testing and fault diagnosis needs. Local monitoring is performed at the smallest energy storage unit that makes up the energy storage system, namely the battery cluster level, providing full convenience for independent debugging, testing and fault diagnosis of the battery cluster. It also supports local monitoring of energy storage units composed of multiple battery clusters.

[0052] In this invention, considering the geographically dispersed nature of distributed energy storage systems, the configuration and management of energy management strategies are carried out through a cloud-based centralized control system or a local centralized control system.

[0053] This invention also proposes an energy management method suitable for distributed energy storage systems, applicable to the aforementioned energy management device for distributed energy storage systems, with reference to... Figure 4 The process mainly includes an energy management strategy verification process, comprising the following steps: Step S1, data integrity and validity verification, including communication verification, reverse verification, duplication and conflict verification; specifically, it includes the following three steps: Step S11, for the received data packet, firstly, a communication verification is performed, specifically, a cyclic redundancy check method is used to verify the integrity and correctness of the data packet. If the data packet is complete and correct, then the strategy in the data packet is temporarily written into the memory of the energy management device, and the verification in step S12 is performed; if the data packet is incomplete or incorrect, then the writing of the strategy is abandoned, the log is recorded, and data error information is returned to the strategy sending end.

[0054] Then, in step S12, the energy management device sends the received policy to the policy distribution end for reverse verification. Specifically, the policy distribution end (which can be a cloud-based centralized control system, a local centralized control system, or a built-in HMI) displays the policy sent and read from the energy management device, compares the policy with the original data, and confirms it. If the policy distribution end passes the reverse verification and sends confirmation information, the verification step in step S13 is performed. If the reverse verification fails, the policy update is abandoned. The policy distribution end can be a cloud-based centralized control system, a local centralized control system, or a built-in HMI; specifically, the policy distribution end has automatic comparison calculation capabilities and performs automatic comparison confirmation.

[0055] Step S13: Finally, duplicate and conflict checks are performed. The energy management device retrieves the historical policies that have been saved and are in the enabled state, compares them with the existing policies, and determines whether there is a duplicate or overlap between the charging and discharging time periods and the existing policies. If there is a duplicate or overlap, it is determined to be a policy conflict, the log is recorded and a conflict error message is returned. If there is no overlap and no duplicate, it is determined to be successful and proceeds to step S2.

[0056] Step S2, protection verification; includes explicit parameter verification and simulation operation verification; specifically, it includes two sub-steps. Step S21 specifically verifies the over-limit and deviation states of the explicitly set parameters in the strategy. The parameters supported for verification include charging and discharging period, charging and discharging rate, float charge voltage, termination voltage, conversion voltage, SOC, depth of discharge (DOD), and charging and discharging power. The specific method for over-limit verification is to judge by the preset upper and lower limits of the parameters. The set strategy parameter (P_set) satisfies P_min≤P_set≤P_max, and P_min and P_max are the preset minimum and maximum values ​​of the strategy parameter. For example, the maximum and minimum values ​​of SOC can be set to 90% and 30% respectively. If they exceed 90% and 30%, an over-limit error will occur, and the protection verification will fail. The deviation state verification compares the set strategy parameter (P_set) with the preset reference value (P_ref). If the deviation is too large, such as exceeding 50%, the protection verification will fail, and a deviation alarm will be generated. In this embodiment, the preset reference value (P_ref) is usually set based on the optimal operating experience of the distributed energy storage system, representing the optimal operating state of the energy storage system. Therefore, P_set should not deviate significantly from P_ref. A large deviation indicates a significant change in the strategy, which will have a significant impact on the operational safety or economic efficiency of the energy storage system.

[0057] Step S22, model operation verification mainly includes the daily charge / discharge cycle count and SOC. Model operation verification is to verify the potential violation of energy storage protection constraints by simulating the operation under the default parameters of the strategy. Specifically, it includes steps S221 and S222. Step S221, daily charge / discharge cycle count verification, is obtained by calculating all charge / discharge strategies that are enabled on the energy management device. If the daily charge / discharge count exceeds the preset value, a log is recorded and an error message indicating that the daily charge / discharge count exceeds the limit is returned; if the daily charge / discharge count does not exceed the preset value, the next verification step is performed.

[0058] Step S222: Finally, SOC verification is performed. SOC verification comprehensively considers the battery's state of health (SOH), SOC limits, simulates the operating strategy, and calculates the remaining SOC after the discharge strategy is implemented to meet the minimum SOC requirements generated by backup power, etc. Battery capacity decays during use; therefore, under the same remaining capacity requirements (such as backup power requirements), the remaining SOC (SOC...) will decrease. residual ) compared to the initial SOC (SOC) min Since the minimum limit is large, capacity decay should be considered. The calculation should be based on the current SOH and SOC limits, using the following formula:

[0059]

[0060] The energy management device calculates the actual remaining SOC based on the discharge duration and discharge rate of the discharge strategy. If the remaining SOC is less than the SOC... residual If the remaining SOC is greater than or equal to the SOC, then a log entry needs to be created and a protection error message returned; residual Then proceed to step S3.

[0061] Finally, step S3, economic verification, is performed. Specifically, after the protection verification, economic verification is conducted. Economic verification determines whether the new strategy can generate more revenue than the current strategy. The specific method is to simulate the daily charging and discharging revenue of all strategy combinations after adding the new strategy. The formula is: Daily revenue = Daily charging amount * Charging price - Daily discharging amount * Discharging price. If the daily revenue is higher than the original strategy combination, the measurement will be applied; otherwise, an abnormal revenue prompt will be returned.

[0062] In this invention, the monitoring module is responsible for the management and verification of the energy dispatch strategy. It performs data integrity and validity verification, protection verification, and revenue verification on the strategy parameters sent from the cloud. If all three verifications pass, the strategy update is executed; otherwise, the strategy update is abandoned, the abnormal strategy change alarm is recorded and reported to the cloud or local centralized control system, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the energy storage system and revenue.

[0063] The above embodiments are further elaborations and descriptions of the present invention to facilitate understanding, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy management device suitable for distributed energy storage systems, characterized in that, include, The monitoring module communicates with the HMI, the cloud-based centralized control system, and the local centralized control system, and also connects to the energy storage unit of the energy storage system. HMI provides a local monitoring and operation interface, allowing users to view status data information. The monitoring module includes, The data acquisition and forwarding unit collects and forwards the status data information of the energy storage unit. The status monitoring and alarm unit monitors the operating status of each device in the energy storage system in real time and issues alarms for abnormal conditions. The policy management verification unit is used for policy configuration and execution, and policy verification. Policy verification includes protection verification, which includes explicit parameter verification, and explicit parameter verification includes limit violation verification and deviation status verification. Limit violation verification is performed by judging whether a limit violation occurs based on the preset upper and lower limits of the parameters. The set policy parameters must satisfy P_min≤P_set≤P_max, where P_min and P_max are the preset minimum and maximum values ​​of the policy parameters, respectively. If P_set is greater than the maximum value or less than the minimum value, a limit violation error occurs, and the protection verification fails. Deviation status verification compares the set policy parameters with the preset reference values. If the deviation is too large, the protection verification fails, and a deviation alarm is generated. The data storage unit stores system operation data for historical periods and is used for the economic verification of energy management strategies. The control and protection unit manages and executes equipment start-up and shutdown, relay on / off, and system protection logic.

2. The energy management device for distributed energy storage systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring module is connected to the local centralized control system via Ethernet and interacts with data via the IEC104 protocol. The monitoring module is connected to the cloud-based centralized control system via 4G or 5G communication.

3. An energy management device suitable for distributed energy storage systems according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes several energy storage units, each energy storage unit includes several battery clusters, each battery cluster is connected to a battery management system, the battery management system is connected to an energy storage converter, and the energy storage converter is connected to a transformer.

4. An energy management method suitable for distributed energy storage systems, applicable to the energy management device for distributed energy storage systems as described in claims 1-3, characterized in that, This includes an energy management strategy verification process, which comprises the following steps: S1, data integrity and validity verification, including communication verification, reverse verification, duplicate and conflict verification; S2, protection verification, includes explicit parameter verification and simulation operation verification; including: S21, verify the parameters explicitly set in the strategy that exceed the limit and deviate from the state; The over-limit check is performed by judging the over-limit based on the preset upper and lower limits of the parameters. The set policy parameter P_set should satisfy P_min≤P_set≤P_max, where P_min and P_max are the preset minimum and maximum values ​​of the policy parameter, respectively. If P_set is greater than the maximum value or less than the minimum value, an over-limit error will occur and the protection check will fail. The deviation status check compares the set policy parameter P_set with the preset reference value P_ref. If the deviation between the two is too large, the protection check will fail and a deviation alarm will be generated. S3, cost-effectiveness check.

5. The energy management method for distributed energy storage systems according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S1 includes the following steps: S11, perform communication verification on the received data packet, and use the cyclic redundancy check method to check the integrity and correctness of the data packet. If the data packet is complete and correct, temporarily write the policy contained in the data packet into the memory of the energy management device and proceed to step S12; otherwise, abandon writing the policy, log the data packet and return the data error information to the policy sending end. S12, the energy management device sends the received strategy to the strategy sending end, which performs reverse verification; the strategy sending end displays the strategy read from the energy management device and compares it with the original data for confirmation; if the strategy sending end confirms the reverse verification and sends confirmation information, then proceed to step S13; otherwise, abandon the strategy update. S13, perform duplicate and conflict checks. The energy management device retrieves the historical policies that have been saved and are in the enabled state, compares them with the existing policies, and determines whether the policies are duplicated and whether there is any overlap in time periods based on the charging and discharging time periods. If so, it is determined to be a conflict, the log is recorded and a conflict error message is returned; otherwise, proceed to step S2.

6. The energy management method for distributed energy storage systems according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S2 further includes the following steps: S22, Simulation Operation Verification, is a verification of the potential damage to energy storage protection constraints caused by the strategy under the default parameters. The verification includes the number of daily charge and discharge cycles and the State of Charge (SOC).

7. The energy management method for distributed energy storage systems according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically involves: simulating the economic benefits generated by daily charging and discharging of all strategy combinations after adding the new strategy, calculated as follows: Daily Benefit = Daily Charging Amount Charging electricity price - daily discharge volume If the daily return from the discharge electricity price increases relative to the original strategy combination, then the strategy is applied; otherwise, an abnormal return warning is returned.

8. The energy management method for distributed energy storage systems according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S22 includes the following steps: S221, the number of daily charge and discharge cycles is obtained by calculating all charge and discharge strategies that are enabled on the energy management device. If the number of daily charge and discharge cycles exceeds the preset value, the log is recorded and an error message indicating that the number of daily charge and discharge cycles exceeds the limit is returned. S222, SOC verification; Due to battery capacity degradation during use, under the same remaining capacity requirement, the remaining SOC should be greater than the minimum initial SOC. Considering capacity degradation, the calculation is performed based on the current SOH and SOC limits, as follows: ， SOC residual For the remaining SOC, SOC min This is the minimum value of the initial SOC; The energy management device calculates the actual remaining SOC based on the discharge duration and discharge rate of the discharge strategy. If the actual remaining SOC is less than the SOC... residual If so, a log entry will be created and a protection error message will be returned.

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