Leveling sensor and three-dimensional printer

Abstract

The application discloses a leveling sensor and a three-dimensional printer, and mainly aims to improve the anti-interference ability of the leveling sensor, thereby improving the measurement stability and measurement precision of a detection mechanism, and reducing the driving power of a driving mechanism and the manufacturing cost of the leveling sensor. The main technical scheme of the application is as follows: the leveling sensor is applied to the three-dimensional printer, and the leveling sensor comprises an unlocking part, the unlocking part is fixed on a profile part of the three-dimensional printer; a detection mechanism is movably arranged on the profile part of the three-dimensional printer; the detection mechanism comprises a shell, a detection part and a locking part; the detection part is telescopically arranged in the shell and comprises a release state and a retracted state; one end of the locking part is connected with the detection part through the shell and is used for keeping the detection part in the release state or the retracted state; the other end of the locking part is used for abutting against the unlocking part, so that the detection part is switched from the retracted state to the release state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of printing equipment technology, and more specifically, to a leveling sensor and a 3D printer. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, 3D printers have developed rapidly. They use linear consumables, powdered metal or plastic and other adhesive materials to create three-dimensional objects by printing layers of adhesive materials. During the printing process, the quality of the first layer that comes into contact with the printer's printing platform plays a decisive role in whether the workpiece is printed successfully. Therefore, maintaining the level of the printing platform is crucial for 3D printing.

[0003] Due to factors such as installation errors, the flatness of the printing platform is prone to some inaccuracies. Therefore, leveling of the printing platform is necessary during printing, requiring the use of leveling sensors, such as distance sensors or probe sensors. Currently, probe sensors typically use electromagnetic principles to drive the probe to extend or retract. This requires an electromagnetic coil to be installed on the probe, and a magnetic component to be mounted on the probe. This increases the size and weight of the leveling sensor. Furthermore, during use, the leveling sensor is generally mounted on the printhead module, and the drive motor moves the leveling sensor simultaneously while driving the printhead module, indirectly increasing the drive motor's power. Additionally, these electromagnetically driven probe sensors are also relatively expensive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a leveling sensor and a 3D printer, the main purpose of which is to improve the leveling sensor's ability to resist external interference, thereby improving the measurement stability and accuracy of the detection mechanism, as well as reducing the driving power of the driving mechanism and reducing the manufacturing cost of the leveling sensor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] On one hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a leveling sensor for use in a 3D printer, the leveling sensor comprising:

[0007] Unlocking part, the unlocking part is fixed on the profile part of the 3D printer;

[0008] A detection mechanism is movably mounted on the profile part of the 3D printer; the detection mechanism includes a housing, a detection part, and a locking part.

[0009] The probe is retractably disposed in the housing and includes a released state and a retracted state;

[0010] One end of the locking part passes through the housing and is connected to the detection part, which is used to keep the detection part in the released state or the retracted state; the other end of the locking part is used to abut against the unlocking part, so that the detection part switches from the retracted state to the released state.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection unit includes a probe, which is movably disposed on the housing. The probe has a first through hole and a second through hole that are interconnected. The width of the first through hole is greater than the width of the second through hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole extend along the moving direction of the probe.

[0012] Furthermore, the locking part includes a snap-fit ​​connector and a rod body connected to each other, the snap-fit ​​connector being located inside the housing, and at least a portion of the rod body extending outside the housing for abutting against the unlocking part;

[0013] The width of the snap-fit ​​connector is greater than the width of the rod; the width of the snap-fit ​​connector is less than or equal to the width of the first through hole, and greater than the width of the second through hole; the width of the rod is less than or equal to the width of the second through hole.

[0014] The locking connector is used to engage with the first through hole to keep the probe in the retracted state; the rod is used to engage with the second through hole to keep the probe in the released state.

[0015] Along the direction of movement of the probe, the length of the snap-fit ​​connector is less than the length of the first through hole, and the length of the rod body is less than the length of the second through hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the locking part also includes a first elastic member, one end of which abuts against the housing and the other end of which abuts against the rod. The first elastic member is used to drive the rod so that the snap-fit ​​connector abuts against the probe.

[0017] A stop portion is provided on the periphery of the first through hole, and the stop portion is used to abut against the snap connector.

[0018] Furthermore, the probe includes a first stepped portion and a connecting rod connected together, and the detection part also includes a second elastic element, which is sleeved on the connecting rod; one end of the second elastic element abuts against the housing, and the other end abuts against the first stepped portion, and the second elastic element is used to drive the probe to move in a direction extending out of the housing.

[0019] Furthermore, the detection mechanism also includes:

[0020] A switching unit is disposed on the frame of the 3D printer and is used to abut against the end of the probe to drive the probe to move in the direction of retracting into the housing, so that the probe switches from the released state to the retracted state.

[0021] Furthermore, the detection unit also includes a circuit board, which is connected to the housing. The circuit board is provided with a detection circuit, which is connected to a switching element.

[0022] The probe is provided with a trigger part. When the probe is in the released state, the trigger part is used to trigger a switching device so that the detection circuit outputs a conduction signal.

[0023] Furthermore, the probe also includes a probe rod, the probe rod and the connecting rod are respectively located at opposite ends of the probe, and along the extension and retraction direction of the probe, the first through hole and the second through hole are located between the probe rod and the connecting rod; the probe rod is used to abut against the printing platform of the 3D printer to detect the plane height of the printing platform;

[0024] The probe further includes a second stepped portion connected to the probe rod, the second stepped portion being used to abut against the housing to limit the maximum length of the probe extending outside the housing;

[0025] When the probe is in the released state, the probe rod abuts against the printing platform to retract the probe into the housing, the trigger part moves away from the switch, and the detection circuit outputs a disconnect signal.

[0026] During the process of the probe changing from the released state to the retracted state, when the probe moves to the position where the rod is located at the connection between the second through hole and the first through hole, the distance between the probe and the printing platform is greater than the distance between the nozzle of the print head module and the printing platform.

[0027] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a 3D printer, the 3D printer including a printhead module and the aforementioned leveling sensor, wherein the detection mechanism of the leveling sensor is disposed on the printhead module.

[0028] Furthermore, the 3D printer also includes a printing platform and a drive module. The drive module is used to drive the print head module to move so that the locking part of the detection mechanism abuts against the unlocking part, thereby releasing the detection part, or to drive the locking part of the detection mechanism abuts against the switching part, thereby retracting the detection part.

[0029] When the detection unit is in the released state, the 3D printer records the coordinate position of the print head module according to the disconnect signal output by the detection circuit. The leveling sensor provided by this embodiment includes a detection mechanism, which comprises a detection unit and a locking unit. The detection unit is released by the cooperation of the locking unit and the unlocking unit. In this state, the locking unit holds the detection unit in the released state to detect the printing platform. When detection is not needed, the contact force between the detection unit and the printing platform causes the detection unit to retract into the housing. Compared with the prior art, which uses electromagnetic force to push the detection unit out or back into the housing, the leveling sensor provided by this embodiment is a purely mechanical structure, requiring no electric or magnetic drive. Therefore, the structure of the leveling sensor is simpler, improving the detection mechanism's resistance to external interference, thereby improving its measurement stability and accuracy. Furthermore, by reducing electromagnetic components, the size and weight of the leveling sensor are reduced, lowering the drive power of the drive mechanism and reducing manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a 3D printer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another 3D printer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unlocking part in a leveling sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the probe of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor, provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in a released state and viewed from a first perspective.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the probe of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor, provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in a released state and viewed from a second perspective.

[0037] Figure 8 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the probe of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the probe in a released state.

[0038] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the probe of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which the probe is in the released state and cooperates with the locking part, and is shown from a first-view perspective.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the probe of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which the probe is in the released state and cooperates with the locking part, and is shown from a second perspective.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the probe of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention, showing the probe in a retracted state from a first-view perspective.

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the probe of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention, with the probe in a retracted state and viewed from a second perspective.

[0042] Figure 13 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the probe of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the probe in the retracted state;

[0043] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the probe of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which the probe is in the retracted state and cooperates with the locking part, and is shown from a first perspective.

[0044] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the probe of the detection mechanism in a leveling sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which the probe is in the retracted state and cooperates with the locking part, and is shown from a second perspective. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiments. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] In the description of this embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a leveling sensor applied to a 3D printer. The leveling sensor includes an unlocking part 2, which is fixed to the profile of the 3D printer; and a detection mechanism 3, which is movably disposed on the profile of the 3D printer, including a housing 31, a detection part 32, and a locking part 33. The detection part 32 is retractably disposed in the housing 31 and includes a released state and a retracted state. One end of the locking part 33 passes through the housing 31 and is connected to the detection part 32 to keep the detection part 32 in the released or retracted state. The other end of the locking part 33 is used to abut against the unlocking part 2 to switch the detection part 32 from the retracted state to the released state.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The detection mechanism 3 can be mounted on the printhead module 4 of the 3D printer. Since the printhead module 4 is mounted on the profile 11 of the 3D printer and can slide along the extension direction of the profile 11, the detection mechanism 3 is movably mounted on the profile 11 of the 3D printer. It is understood that the unlocking part 2 is fixed to the end of the profile 11. When detection is initiated, the 3D printer drives the printhead module 4 to move closer to the unlocking part 2, causing the locking part 33 to abut against the unlocking part 2, and the detection part 32 switches from a retracted state to a released state. (Continue to see...) Figure 1It can be seen that both ends of the profile 11 are connected to the frame 1 of the 3D printer, and the profile 11 can slide on the frame 1. The 3D printer drives the profile 11 to move in the direction close to the printing platform, so that the probe 32 in the released state contacts multiple probe points on the printing platform. When the probe 32 contacts a probe point, the probe mechanism 3 outputs a trigger signal to the main board of the 3D printer. The main board records the height coordinates at that probe point. By obtaining the height coordinates at multiple probe points, the outline of the printing platform is drawn. After the probe is detected, the 3D printer profile 11 moves in the direction close to the printing platform 5, so that the probe 32 abuts against the printing platform 5. The probe 32 moves into the housing 31, changing from the released state to the retracted state. The locking part 33 keeps the probe 32 in the retracted state.

[0049] The leveling sensor provided in this embodiment includes an unlocking part 2 and a detection mechanism 3. Since the detection mechanism 3 includes a detection part 32 and a locking part 33, the detection part 32 can be released by the cooperation of the locking part 33 and the unlocking part 2. In this state, the locking part 33 holds the detection part 32 in the released state for detection. When detection is not needed, the contact force between the detection part 32 and the printing platform 5 causes the detection part 32 to retract into the housing. At this time, the locking part 33 holds the detection part 32 in the retracted state, preventing the detection part 32 from affecting the operation of the printhead module 4. Compared with the prior art scheme that uses electromagnetic force to push the detection part out or back into the housing, the leveling sensor in this embodiment has a purely mechanical structure, requiring no electric or magnetic drive. Therefore, the structure of the leveling sensor is simpler, improving the detection mechanism 3's ability to resist external interference, thereby improving its measurement stability. Furthermore, by reducing electromagnetic components, the size of the leveling sensor is reduced, lowering manufacturing costs.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The detection unit 32 may include a probe 321, which is movably disposed on the housing 31. The probe 321 has a released state and a retracted state. The probe 321 has a first through hole 3211 and a second through hole 3212 that are interconnected. The width of the first through hole 3211 is greater than the width of the second through hole 3212. The first through hole 3211 and the second through hole 3212 extend along the moving direction of the probe 321. It is understood that, since the widths of the first through hole 3211 and the second through hole 3212 are different, the locking part 33 is used to engage with the first through hole 3211 or the second through hole 3212 to fix the probe 321 in different states.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 14 and Figure 15The locking part 33 may include a snap-fit ​​connector 331 and a rod 332 connected to each other. The snap-fit ​​connector 331 is located inside the housing 31, and at least a portion of the rod 332 extends out of the housing 32 for abutting against the unlocking part 2. The width of the snap-fit ​​connector 331 is greater than the width of the rod 332. The width of the snap-fit ​​connector 331 is less than or equal to the width of the first through hole 3211 and greater than the width of the second through hole 3212. The width of the rod 332 is less than or equal to the width of the second through hole 3212. The snap-fit ​​connector 331 is used to snap into the first through hole 3211 to keep the probe 321 in the retracted state. The rod 332 is used to snap into the second through hole 3212 to keep the probe 321 in the released state.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the rod 332 can be inserted into the second through hole 3212, allowing the probe 321 to move vertically relative to the rod 332 to either a retracted or released state. Specifically, the probe 321 can move upwards so that the locking connector 331 engages in the first through hole 3211. Since the width of the locking connector 331 is greater than the width of the second through hole 3212, it cannot enter the second through hole 3212, thus locking the probe 321 in the retracted state. When detection is initiated, the rod 332 can abut against the unlocking part 2, causing the locking connector 331 to disengage from the first through hole 3211. The probe 321 moves downwards relative to the rod 332, and the rod 332 engages in the second through hole 3211, thus putting the probe 321 in the released state. This achieves mechanical retraction or release of the probe 321, improving the detection mechanism 3's resistance to external interference, thereby enhancing its measurement stability. Furthermore, the structure is simple and reliable, reducing the cost of the sensor.

[0053] It should be noted that the total length of the first through hole 3211 and the second through hole 3212 on the probe 321 can be determined according to the stroke length required when the probe 321 switches between the release state and the retraction state.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 ,as well as Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 The locking part 33 also includes a first elastic member 333. One end of the first elastic member 333 abuts against the housing 31 and the other end abuts against the rod 332. The first elastic member 333 is used to drive the rod 332 so that the snap connector 331 abuts against the probe 321.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the first elastic element 333 can drive the rod 332 to abut against the probe 331. When the detection is initiated, the rod 332 abuts against the unlocking part 2, causing the rod 332 to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic element 333 and drive the probe 331 to disengage from the first through hole 3211. This allows the probe 321 to move downward relative to the rod 332 and be in a released state. When the detection ends, as the probe 321 moves upward relative to the rod 332, the probe 331 can remain in close contact with the surface of the probe 321 under the action of the first elastic element 333 until the probe 331 falls into the first through hole 3211. The second through hole 3212 portion of the probe 321 cannot move downward and remains in a retracted state. By setting the first elastic element 333, it is ensured that the probe 331 abuts against the surface of the probe 321, thereby ensuring that the probe 331 can be accurately engaged in the first through hole 3211, and thus ensuring that the probe is successfully retracted.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, a stop portion may be provided within the first through hole 3211. The stop portion is located on the periphery of the first through hole 3211 and is used to abut against the snap-fit ​​connector 331 to prevent the snap-fit ​​connector 331, which is inserted into the first through hole 3211, from dislodging from the other end of the first through hole 3211. This ensures that the snap-fit ​​connector 331 is stably engaged in the first through hole 3211, thereby ensuring that the probe is successfully in the retracted state. Specifically, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 The stop portion may include at least two baffles 3214, which are correspondingly disposed on two opposing inner walls of the first through hole 3211.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the unlocking part 2 can have various structural forms, as long as it can abut against the rod 332 to apply an external force to the rod 332 opposite to the elastic force of the first elastic member 333. For example, see [reference needed]. Figure 1 and Figure 3 The unlocking part 2 may include a striking block, and the rod 332 may abut against the striking block.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 12 The probe 321 includes a first step portion 3216 and a connecting rod 3217 connected to each other. The probe portion 32 also includes a second elastic element 322, which is sleeved on the connecting rod 3217. One end of the second elastic element 322 abuts against the inner wall of the housing 31, and the other end abuts against the first step portion 3216. The second elastic element 322 is used to drive the probe 321 to move in the direction of extending out of the housing 31.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the connecting rod 3217 is used to position the second elastic element 322, fixing the second elastic element 322 between the inner wall of the housing 31 and the first step portion 3216 of the probe 321. When the probe 321 is in the retracted state, the second elastic element 322 is in the compressed state; when the probe 321 is in the released state, the force generated by the second elastic element 322 due to its recovery deformation drives the probe 321 to extend out of the housing and be in the released state. The second elastic element 322 facilitates switching between the released and retracted states of the probe 321. Specifically, the second elastic element 322 can be a spring.

[0060] In this embodiment of the invention, see Figure 10 and Figure 15 The probe 321 also includes a probe rod 3215, with the probe rod 3215 and connecting rod 3217 located at opposite ends of the probe 321. Along the extension / retraction direction of the probe 321, a first through hole 3211 and a second through hole 3212 are located between the probe rod 3215 and the connecting rod 3217. The probe rod 3215 is used to abut against the printing platform 5 of the 3D printer to detect the plane height of the printing platform 5. For ease of movement of the probe 321, see [link to documentation]. Figure 6 and Figure 8 A groove 311 extending along the moving direction of the probe 321 can be provided inside the housing 31. One end of the groove 311 penetrates the bottom wall of the housing 31. The probe 321 is movably disposed in the groove 311, which provides guidance for the up-and-down movement of the probe 321. Simultaneously, to facilitate the movement of the locking part 33, a third through hole 312 extending along the moving direction of the locking part 33 can be provided on the housing 31. This third through hole 312 penetrates the side wall of the housing 31. The rod 332 is movably disposed in the third through hole 312 and extends out of the housing 31 through the third through hole 312 to abut against the unlocking part 2. The third through hole 312 provides guidance for the movement of the rod 332 and the locking connector 331. Specifically, the end of the first elastic member 333 that abuts against the housing 31 can be understood as abutting against the inner wall of the groove 311. It is understood that a fourth through hole (not shown in the figure) is provided on the side of the housing 31 corresponding to the probe 3215. The probe 3215 extends out of the housing 31 through the fourth through hole. In order to prevent the probe 321 from sliding out of the housing completely, the probe 321 also includes a second step portion connected to the probe 3215. The second step portion is used to abut against the housing to limit the maximum length of the probe 321 extending out of the housing 31.

[0061] For ease of installation of the second elastic element 322, see [link / reference]. Figure 8The groove 311 may include a first section 3111 and a second section 3112 that are connected. The size of the first section 3111 may be larger than the size of the second section 3112, so that the second elastic member 322 can be accommodated in the first section 3111 and can apply a downward elastic force to the probe 321.

[0062] In addition, see Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 11 The housing 31 may include a body 313 with a side opening and a side cover 314 detachably connected to the opening. The detection part 32 and the locking part 33 are both disposed within the body 313. By configuring the housing 31 to include the detachably connected body 313 and side cover 314, the disassembly and maintenance of the detection mechanism 3 can be facilitated. Specifically, the body 313 and side cover 314 are respectively provided with mutually cooperating protrusions and recesses. When assembling the body 313 and side cover 314, the protrusions are inserted into the recesses to snap the body 313 and side cover 314 together.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, the detection mechanism further includes a switching unit disposed on the 3D printer. The switching unit abuts against the end of the probe 321 to drive the probe 321 to move into the retractable housing 31, thereby switching the probe 321 from a released state to a retracted state. After detection, the switching unit abuts against the probe 321, causing the probe 321 to move upwards until the locking part 33's snap-fit ​​connector 331 engages with the first through hole 3211, switching the probe 321 from a released state to a retracted state. This process requires no human intervention, further improving the measurement accuracy of the detection mechanism 3, and is simple and convenient to operate, thus improving work efficiency.

[0064] The switching unit can have various structural forms. For example, the switching unit can include a pin structure set on the base of the 3D printer, which is used to abut against the probe 321 and move the probe 321 upward.

[0065] Or see Figure 2 , Figures 11 to 15The switching unit may include a printing platform 5 mounted on the base. In the released state, the 3D printer drives the profile 11 to move downwards so that the probe 321 can abut against the printing platform 5. Due to the pressing force of the printing platform 5, the probe 321 moves upwards and engages with the snap-fit ​​connector 331 and the first through hole 3211, thereby locking the probe 321 in the retracted state. By using the printing platform 5 to abut against the probe 321, the probe 321 is switched from the released state to the retracted state. On the one hand, this eliminates the need for an additional structure for switching the state of the probe 321 in the leveling sensor, making the structure of the leveling sensor simpler, reducing costs, and the simple sensor structure is less prone to failure, resulting in higher reliability. On the other hand, switching the state of the probe 321 of the detection unit 32 via the printing platform 5 requires no human intervention, further improving the measurement accuracy of the detection mechanism 3, and the operation is simple and convenient, improving work efficiency.

[0066] After the detection is completed, the printhead module 4 can move downwards, causing the probe 321 to abut against the printing platform 5 and be pressed upwards by the printing platform 5. This causes the probe 321 to move upwards relative to the rod 332 of the locking part 33. Due to the first elastic element 333, during the upward movement of the probe 321, the rod 332 will cause the locking connector 331 to press tightly against the surface of the probe 321 until the locking connector 331 falls into the first through hole 3211 and engages within it, locking the probe 321 in the retracted state. Correspondingly, when the detection is started, the rod 332 of the locking part 33 abuts against the unlocking part 2, causing the rod 332 to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic element 333 and cause the locking connector 331 to disengage from the first through hole 3211. This allows the probe 321 to move downwards relative to the rod 332 and be in a released state to detect the printing platform 5.

[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, when the probe 321 is retracted via the printing platform 5, since the probe 321 needs to abut against the printing platform 5, if the print head module 4 is pressed down too high, the bottom of the first through hole 3211 may directly abut against the rod of the locking part, which can easily damage the probe 321. To solve this technical problem, in this embodiment of the invention, see... Figure 4 , Figure 10 and Figure 15 The first through hole 3211 on the probe 321 can be an oblong hole extending along the moving direction of the probe 321. In the moving direction of the probe 321, the length of the locking part 33's snap connector 331 is less than the length of the first through hole 3211. Thus, when the snap connector 331 falls into the first through hole 3211 and is in the retracted state, the probe can move upward a small distance. This small distance can compensate for the error in the downward pressure height of the print head module 4, thereby avoiding damage to the probe 321 and extending the service life of the detection mechanism 3.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, see Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 The detection unit 32 also includes a circuit board 323, which is connected to the housing 31. A switch 324 is provided on the circuit board 323. Specifically, a detection circuit is provided on the circuit board 323, and the switch 324 is electrically connected to the detection circuit. A trigger 3213 is provided on the probe 321. When the probe 321 is in the released state, the trigger 3213 triggers the switch 324 to cause the detection circuit to output a conduction signal. Specifically, the circuit board 323 is connected to the side cover 314, and the probe 321 is fixed inside the body 313. When the side cover 314 and the body 313 are combined, the switch 324 of the circuit board 323 is located below the trigger 3213.

[0069] In the above embodiment, the detection circuit of the circuit board 323 can be electrically connected to the motherboard of the 3D printer. When the switch 324 is triggered, the detection circuit outputs a conduction signal to the motherboard. After receiving the conduction signal, the motherboard confirms that the leveling sensor is ready and can be used normally.

[0070] The trigger part 3213 can be a protrusion located on the side of the probe 321. The switch 324 can be a contact switch, such as a turtle switch or a contact switch. When the probe 321 is in the released state, the second elastic member 322 pushes the probe 321 to move in the direction of extending out of the housing 31. Therefore, the trigger part 3213 presses the turtle switch, making the turtle switch conduct. When the print head module 4 moves downward, so that the probe 321 touches the printing platform 5 for detection, the probe 321 will move upward relative to the rod 332 of the locking part 33, so that the trigger part 3213 also moves upward to release the turtle switch. At the moment the turtle switch is released, the detection circuit outputs a disconnect signal. The main board receives the disconnect signal from the detection circuit and can record the height coordinates of the print head module 4 or the profile part 11. At the same time, it controls the print head module 4 to stop pressing down.

[0071] Understandably, since the probe 321 will abut against the printing platform 5 during the leveling test, causing the probe 321 to move upward a short distance to release the switch, in order to prevent the connector 331 from entering the first through hole 3211 during the upward movement of the probe 321, thus causing the probe 321 to be in a retracted state, the second through hole 3212 on the probe 321 can be set as an oblong hole extending along the moving direction of the probe 321. In addition, along the moving direction of the probe 321, the length of the rod 332 is less than the length of the second through hole 3212. In this way, when the rod 332 is in the extended state in the second through hole 3212 and the leveling test is performed, the probe 321 has enough space to move upward to release the switch, and the connector 331 will not enter the first through hole 3211.

[0072] It is understandable that when probe 321 detects a point on the printing platform 5 and records the height of that point as h0, since the vertical distance between the nozzle of the printhead module 4 and the tip of probe 321 is a fixed value d, and when the nozzle prints the first layer of the model on the printing platform 5, the distance between the nozzle and the printing platform 5 is the nozzle's outlet diameter r (i.e., the diameter of the filament extruded by the nozzle), if the distance between the nozzle and the printing platform 5 before the model printing begins is r, then the vertical height h of the profile 11 or the printhead module 4 can be h = h0 - d + r, that is, the motherboard can calculate h using h0, d, and r. Through this embodiment, after leveling is completed, the printer can start normal printing based on the vertical height h of the profile 11 or the printhead module 4 obtained by the motherboard, without manually adjusting the distance between the printhead and the printing platform before printing begins.

[0073] Of course, the switch 324 is not limited to the contact switch mentioned above. The switch 324 can also be a non-contact switch, such as a photoelectric switch. In the released state, the trigger part 3213 on the probe 321 blocks the light, so that the photoelectric switch is turned on. When the print head module 4 moves downward, so that the probe 321 touches the printing platform 5 for detection, the probe 321 moves upward, and the trigger part 3213 also moves upward, and the photoelectric switch is turned off. At the moment the photoelectric switch is turned off, the detection circuit outputs a disconnect signal. The main board receives the disconnect signal fed back by the detection circuit and can record the height coordinates of the print head module 4 or the profile part 11. At the same time, it controls the print head module 4 to stop pressing down.

[0074] Specifically, the switch 324 can be any switch with circuit breaking function. The specific choice can be made according to actual needs during implementation, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0075] In this embodiment of the invention, see Figure 5 and Figure 6The housing 31 may be provided with a light-emitting hole 315; the trigger circuit board 323 is provided with a light source 325 opposite to the light-emitting hole 315. The light source 325 is electrically connected to the switch 324. In the released state, the light source 325 emits light. The light source 325 may be a light-emitting diode.

[0076] According to the above embodiments, before probing the printing platform 5, it is possible to determine whether the probe 321 has been successfully released or is in a released state by whether the switch 324 is triggered; it is also possible to determine whether the probe 321 has been successfully released or is in a released state by observing whether the light source 325 emits light. If the light source 325 emits light, it indicates that the probe 321 is in a released state. After confirming that there is no error, the probing can be performed.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, see Figure 10 and Figure 15 The probe 321 includes a probe rod 3215, which is used to abut against the printing platform 5 of the 3D printer to detect the plane height of the printing platform 5. When the probe 321 is in the released state, the probe rod 3215 abuts against the printing platform 5 to retract the probe 321 into the housing 31, the trigger part 3213 moves away from the switch 324, and the detection circuit outputs a disconnect signal.

[0078] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a 3D printer, which includes a printhead module 4 and the aforementioned leveling sensor, wherein the detection mechanism 3 of the leveling sensor is disposed on the printhead module 4.

[0079] The 3D printer provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a leveling sensor, which includes a detection mechanism 3. The detection part 32 can be electrically connected to the motherboard of the 3D printer. During leveling, the locking part 33 can abut against the unlocking part 2, so that the detection part 32 is in a released state. At this time, the detection part 32 can touch various points of the printing platform 5 and record the height coordinates of the print head module 4 at each point to depict the planar contour of the printing platform 5. After the detection is completed, the locking part 33 can lock the detection part 32 in a retracted state. This contact detection method can improve the measurement accuracy of the detection mechanism 3. Moreover, the mechanical retraction or release of the detection part 32 improves the detection mechanism 3's ability to resist external interference, thereby improving its measurement stability. At the same time, the structure of the detection mechanism 3 is simple, which also reduces the cost.

[0080] In this embodiment of the invention, when the probe 321 is in the retracted state, the height of the probe 321 relative to the printing platform 5 is greater than the height of the nozzle of the printhead module 4 relative to the printing platform 5.

[0081] In the above embodiment, since the probe 321 is in the retracted state and its height is higher than that of the nozzle, the probe 321 can reliably avoid scratching the printed workpiece when the print head 4 is printing the workpiece, thereby ensuring the quality of the printed model.

[0082] In this embodiment of the invention, the 3D printer further includes a printing platform 5 and a drive module. The drive module is used to drive the print head module 4 to move, so as to drive the locking part 33 of the detection mechanism 3 to abut against the unlocking part 2, so that the detection part 32 is in a released state, or to drive the locking part 33 of the detection mechanism 3 to abut against the switching part, so that the detection part 32 is in a retracted state. When the detection part is in a released state, the 3D printer records the coordinate position of the print head module 4 according to the disconnection signal output by the detection circuit.

[0083] The printhead module 4 can move horizontally and vertically via the drive module, so that the printhead module 4 can drive the detection mechanism 3 to move, so that the locking part 33 can cooperate with the unlocking part 2, and the detection part 32 can detect the printing platform 5. The structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0084] When the detection is initiated, the printhead module 4 can move horizontally along the profile 11 under the drive of the drive module until the locking part 33 moves to the unlocking part 2 and abuts against the unlocking part 2, so that the detection part 32 is in the released state. Then, the printhead module 4 can move vertically so that the detection part 32 touches the printing platform 5 to measure the height of the printing platform 5. After the detection is completed, the printhead module 4 can move downward under the drive of the drive module so that the probe 321 abuts against the printing platform 5 and is pressed upward by the printing platform 5, so that the probe 321 moves upward relative to the rod 332 of the locking part 33. Due to the setting of the first elastic member 333, during the upward movement of the probe 321, the rod 332 will drive the locking connector 331 to press against the surface of the probe 321 until the locking connector 331 falls into the first through hole 3211 and engages in the first through hole 3211, locking the probe 321 in the retracted state.

[0085] It should be noted that when probe 321 is in the released state, since the height of probe 321 relative to the printing platform 5 is greater than the height of the nozzle relative to the printing platform 5, and probe 321 needs to abut against the printing platform 5 so that probe 321 is driven to a certain height and triggers locking part 33 to lock probe 321, after the detection of printing platform 5 ends, the print head module 4 can be moved until its nozzle is located outside the printing platform 5 and probe 321 is located above the printing platform 5. Then the print head 4 is moved downward so that probe 321 is pressed upward by printing platform 5 until the height of probe 321 is higher than the height of nozzle and triggers locking part 33 to lock probe 321, so that probe 321 is in the retracted state, completing the probe 321 retraction action. Alternatively, during the process of triggering probe 321 changing from the released state to the retracted state, when probe 321 moves to the position where rod 331 is located at the connection between the second through hole 3212 and the first through hole 3211, the distance between probe 321 and printing platform 5 is greater than the distance between the nozzle of printhead module and printing platform 5. In this embodiment, when printhead module 4 descends, probe 321 is retracted before the nozzle touches printing platform 5. Therefore, probe 321 can be retracted without moving the nozzle out of printing platform 5.

[0086] The implementation of the present invention will be described below with a specific embodiment. A leveling sensor, applied to a 3D printer, includes:

[0087] Unlocking part 2 is fixed to the profile of the 3D printer; detection mechanism 3 is movably disposed on the profile of the 3D printer; the detection mechanism includes a housing 31, a detection part 32, and a locking part 33; the detection part 32 is retractably disposed in the housing 31 and includes a released state and a retracted state; one end of the locking part 33 passes through the housing and is connected to the detection part 32 to keep the detection part 32 in the released state or the retracted state; the other end of the locking part 33 is used to abut against the unlocking part 2 to switch the detection part 32 from the retracted state to the released state.

[0088] The detection unit 32 includes a probe 321, which is movably disposed on the housing 31. The probe 321 has a first through hole 3211 and a second through hole 3212 that are interconnected. The width of the first through hole 3211 is greater than the width of the second through hole 3212. The first through hole 3211 and the second through hole 3212 extend along the moving direction of the probe 321.

[0089] The locking part 33 includes a locking connector 331 and a rod 332 connected to each other. The locking connector 331 is located inside the housing 31, and at least a portion of the rod 332 extends out of the housing 32 to abut against the unlocking part 2. The width of the locking connector 331 is greater than the width of the rod 332. The width of the locking connector 331 is less than or equal to the width of the first through hole 3211 and greater than the width of the second through hole 3212. The width of the rod 332 is less than or equal to the width of the second through hole 3212. The locking connector 331 is used to engage with the first through hole 3211 to keep the probe 321 in a retracted state. The rod 332 is used to engage with the second through hole 3212 to keep the probe 321 in a released state. Along the moving direction of the probe 321, the length of the locking connector 331 is less than the length of the first through hole 3211, and the length of the rod 332 is less than the length of the second through hole 3212.

[0090] The locking part 33 also includes a first elastic member 333. One end of the first elastic member 333 abuts against the housing 31 and the other end abuts against the rod 332. The first elastic member 333 is used to drive the rod 332 so that the snap-fit ​​connector 331 abuts against the probe 321. A stop part is provided on the periphery inside the first through hole 3211. The stop part is used to abut against the snap-fit ​​connector 331.

[0091] The probe 321 includes a first step portion 3216 and a connecting rod 3217 connected to each other. The probe 32 also includes a second elastic element 322, which is sleeved on the connecting rod 3217. One end of the second elastic element 322 abuts against the housing 31, and the other end abuts against the first step portion. The second elastic element 322 is used to drive the probe 321 to move in the direction of extending out of the housing 31.

[0092] The detection mechanism 3 further includes a switching unit, which is disposed on the frame 1 of the 3D printer and is used to abut against the end of the probe 321 to drive the probe 321 to move in the direction of retracting the housing 31, so that the probe 321 switches from the released state to the retracted state.

[0093] The detection unit 32 also includes a circuit board 323, which is connected to the housing 31. The circuit board 323 is provided with a detection circuit, which is connected to the switch 324. The probe 321 is provided with a triggering part 3213. When the probe 321 is in the released state, the triggering part 3213 is used to trigger the switch 324 so that the detection circuit outputs a conduction signal.

[0094] The probe 321 further includes a probe rod 3215, with the probe rod 3215 and connecting rod 3217 located at opposite ends of the probe 321. Along the extension / retraction direction of the probe 321, a first through hole 3211 and a second through hole 3212 are located between the probe rod 3215 and the connecting rod 3217. The probe rod 3215 is used to abut against the printing platform 5 of the 3D printer to detect the plane height of the printing platform 5. The probe 321 also includes a second stepped portion connected to the probe rod 3215, which abuts against the housing to define the probe 321. 21. The maximum length extending out of the housing 31; when the probe 321 is in the released state, the probe rod 3215 abuts against the printing platform 5 to retract the probe 321 into the housing, the trigger part 3213 moves away from the switch 324, and the detection circuit outputs a disconnect signal; during the process of triggering the probe 321 to change from the released state to the retracted state, when the probe 321 moves to the position where the rod body 331 is located at the connection between the second through hole 3212 and the first through hole 3211, the height of the probe 321 relative to the printing platform 5 is greater than the height of the nozzle relative to the printing platform 5.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A leveling sensor, characterized in that, The leveling sensor, used in 3D printers, includes: Unlocking part, the unlocking part is fixed on the profile part of the 3D printer; A detection mechanism is movably mounted on the profile part of the 3D printer; the detection mechanism includes a housing, a detection part, and a locking part. The probe is retractably disposed in the housing and includes a released state and a retracted state; One end of the locking part passes through the housing and is connected to the detection part, which is used to keep the detection part in the released state or the retracted state; the other end of the locking part is used to abut against the unlocking part, so that the detection part switches from the retracted state to the released state. The detection unit includes a probe, which is movably disposed on the housing. The probe has a first through hole and a second through hole that are interconnected. The width of the first through hole is greater than the width of the second through hole. The first through hole and the second through hole extend along the moving direction of the probe. The locking part includes a snap-fit ​​connector and a rod body connected to each other. The snap-fit ​​connector is located inside the housing, and at least a portion of the rod body extends out of the housing for abutting against the unlocking part. The width of the snap-fit ​​connector is greater than the width of the rod; the width of the snap-fit ​​connector is less than or equal to the width of the first through hole, and greater than the width of the second through hole; the width of the rod is less than or equal to the width of the second through hole. The locking connector is used to engage with the first through hole to keep the probe in the retracted state; the rod is used to engage with the second through hole to keep the probe in the released state. The locking part further includes a first elastic member, one end of which abuts against the housing and the other end of which abuts against the rod. The first elastic member is used to drive the rod so that the locking connector abuts against the probe.

2. The leveling sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the direction of movement of the probe, the length of the snap-fit ​​connector is less than the length of the first through hole, and the length of the rod body is less than the length of the second through hole.

3. The leveling sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A stop portion is provided on the periphery of the first through hole, and the stop portion is used to abut against the snap connector.

4. The leveling sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The probe includes a first stepped portion and a connecting rod connected together. The probe also includes a second elastic element, which is sleeved on the connecting rod. One end of the second elastic element abuts against the housing, and the other end abuts against the first stepped portion. The second elastic element is used to drive the probe to move in a direction extending out of the housing.

5. The leveling sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection mechanism also includes: A switching unit is disposed on the frame of the 3D printer and is used to abut against the end of the probe to drive the probe to move in the direction of retracting into the housing, so that the probe switches from the released state to the retracted state.

6. The leveling sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection unit also includes a circuit board, which is connected to the housing. A detection circuit is provided on the circuit board, and the detection circuit is connected to a switching component. The probe is provided with a trigger part. When the probe is in the released state, the trigger part is used to trigger a switching device so that the detection circuit outputs a conduction signal.

7. The leveling sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The probe also includes a probe rod, which and the connecting rod are located at opposite ends of the probe. Along the extension and retraction direction of the probe, the first through hole and the second through hole are located between the probe rod and the connecting rod. The probe rod is used to abut against the printing platform of the 3D printer to detect the plane height of the printing platform. The probe further includes a second stepped portion connected to the probe rod, the second stepped portion being used to abut against the housing to limit the maximum length of the probe extending outside the housing; When the probe is in the released state, the probe rod abuts against the printing platform to retract the probe into the housing, the trigger part moves away from the switch, and the detection circuit outputs a disconnect signal.

8. A three-dimensional printer, characterized in that, The 3D printer includes a printhead module and a leveling sensor as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the detection mechanism of the leveling sensor is disposed on the printhead module.

9. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a printing platform and a drive module. The drive module is used to drive the print head module to move so that the locking part of the detection mechanism abuts against the unlocking part, so that the detection part is in a released state, or to drive the locking part of the detection mechanism abuts against the switching part, so that the detection part is in a retracted state. When the detection unit is in the released state, the 3D printer records the coordinate position of the print head module according to the disconnection signal output by the detection circuit.

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