A blockchain-based copyright transfer method and device

Abstract

One or more embodiments of the specification provide a blockchain-based copyright transfer method and device, wherein the method is applied to a blockchain platform, the blockchain platform is deployed with a copyright management contract, a contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user respectively, and the method comprises: receiving a copyright transfer request, the copyright transfer request comprising a copyright to be transferred, identity information of a copyright transfer-out party and identity information of a copyright transfer-in party; calling the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request to add the copyright to be transferred to a set of copyright holding information corresponding to the copyright transfer-in party in the contract state in a case where the copyright transfer-out party meets a transfer condition for the copyright to be transferred.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to one or more embodiments in the field of communication technology, and in particular to a blockchain-based copyright transfer method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In the traditional copyright industry, users need to complete many copyright-related transactions offline, resulting in long processing times and high costs.

[0003] For example, when users need to transfer copyrights, they need to sign paper contracts with relevant personnel offline, which is inefficient and costly. At the same time, copyright transfers carried out offline are difficult to integrate and organize, making it difficult for users to intuitively perceive the copyright holdings and transfer status of each user.

[0004] However, current online management solutions for copyright matters are hampered by the centralized data storage characteristics, making the data susceptible to tampering, unreliable, and unacceptable to official institutions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above, one or more embodiments of this specification provide a blockchain-based copyright transfer method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium.

[0006] This specification provides one or more embodiments of the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to a first aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, a blockchain-based copyright transfer method is proposed, applied to a blockchain platform, wherein the blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The method includes:

[0008] Receive a copyright transfer request, wherein the copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee;

[0009] Based on the copyright transfer request, the copyright management contract is invoked to add the copyright to be transferred to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred.

[0010] According to a second aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, a blockchain-based copyright transfer method is proposed, applied to a copyright platform connected to a blockchain platform. The blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The method includes:

[0011] Receive copyright transfer requests from users, generate copyright transfer requests based on the copyright transfer requests, and the copyright transfer requests include the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee;

[0012] The copyright transfer request is sent to the blockchain platform, so that the blockchain platform invokes the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so that if the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred, the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status.

[0013] According to a third aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, a blockchain-based copyright transfer method is proposed, applied to a user's corresponding client. The client is connected to a blockchain platform, which deploys a copyright management contract. The contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The method includes:

[0014] Generate a copyright transfer request, which includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor, and the identity information of the copyright transferee;

[0015] The copyright transfer request is sent to the blockchain platform, so that the blockchain platform calls the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so that if the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred, the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status.

[0016] According to a fourth aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, a blockchain-based copyright transfer device is proposed, applied to a blockchain platform, wherein the blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The device includes:

[0017] A copyright transfer request receiving unit is used to receive a copyright transfer request, wherein the copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee;

[0018] The copyright management contract invocation unit is used to invoke the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so as to add the copyright to be transferred to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred.

[0019] According to a fifth aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, a blockchain-based copyright transfer device is proposed, applied to a copyright platform connected to a blockchain platform. The blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The device includes:

[0020] A copyright transfer request receiving unit is used to receive copyright transfer requests provided by users and generate copyright transfer requests based on the copyright transfer requests. The copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee.

[0021] The copyright transfer request sending unit is used to send the copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform, so that the blockchain platform calls the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so that if the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred, the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status.

[0022] According to a sixth aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, a blockchain-based copyright transfer device is proposed, applied to a user's corresponding client, the client being connected to a blockchain platform, the blockchain platform deploying a copyright management contract, the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract including a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user; the device includes:

[0023] A copyright transfer request generation unit is used to generate a copyright transfer request, wherein the copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee;

[0024] The copyright transfer request sending unit is used to send the copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform, so that the blockchain platform calls the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so that if the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred, the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status.

[0025] According to a seventh aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, a blockchain-based copyright transfer system is proposed, comprising:

[0026] The client is used to generate copyright transfer requirements;

[0027] The copyright platform is used to receive copyright transfer requests sent by the client and generate copyright transfer requests based on the copyright transfer requests. The copyright transfer requests include the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee.

[0028] A blockchain platform is deployed with a copyright management contract. The contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The blockchain platform is used to receive copyright transfer requests sent by the copyright platform and, based on the copyright transfer requests, invoke the copyright management contract to add the copyright to be transferred to the set of copyright holding information corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract state, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred.

[0029] According to an eighth aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, an electronic device is provided, comprising:

[0030] A processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor implements the steps of the above-described blockchain-based copyright transfer method by running the executable instructions.

[0031] According to a ninth aspect of one or more embodiments of this specification, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores executable instructions thereon; wherein, when executed by a processor, the instructions implement the steps of the above-described blockchain-based copyright transfer method.

[0032] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this specification. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this specification.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a network architecture diagram provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a blockchain-based copyright registration method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another blockchain-based copyright registration method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of yet another blockchain-based copyright registration method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0038] Figure 5 This is an interactive flowchart of a blockchain-based copyright registration method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an exemplary embodiment.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of a blockchain-based copyright registration device provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of another blockchain-based copyright registration device provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a block diagram of yet another blockchain-based copyright registration device provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of a blockchain-based copyright registration system provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating a blockchain-based copyright transfer method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0045] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of another blockchain-based copyright transfer method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0046] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of yet another blockchain-based copyright transfer method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0047] Figure 14 This is a block diagram of a blockchain-based copyright transfer device provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0048] Figure 15 This is a block diagram of another blockchain-based copyright transfer device provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0049] Figure 16 This is a block diagram of yet another blockchain-based copyright transfer device provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0050] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of a blockchain-based copyright transfer system provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0051] Figure 18 This is a flowchart illustrating a blockchain-based copyright transaction method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0052] Figure 19This is a flowchart of another blockchain-based copyright transaction method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0053] Figure 20 This is a flowchart of yet another blockchain-based copyright transaction method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0054] Figure 21 This is an interactive flowchart of a blockchain-based copyright transaction method provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0055] Figure 22 This is a block diagram of a blockchain-based copyright transaction device provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0056] Figure 23 This is a block diagram of another blockchain-based copyright transaction device provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0057] Figure 24 This is a block diagram of yet another blockchain-based copyright transaction device provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0058] Figure 25 This is a structural diagram of a blockchain-based copyright transaction system provided in this specification according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0059] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with one or more embodiments of this specification. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of one or more embodiments of this specification as detailed in the appended claims.

[0060] It should be noted that the steps of the corresponding methods are not necessarily performed in the order shown and described in this specification in other embodiments. In some other embodiments, the methods may include more or fewer steps than described in this specification. Furthermore, a single step described in this specification may be broken down into multiple steps in other embodiments; and multiple steps described in this specification may be combined into a single step in other embodiments.

[0061] Figure 1This specification illustrates a network architecture diagram based on an exemplary embodiment. The network architecture includes a blockchain platform, a copyright platform, and clients. The copyright platform can connect to multiple clients simultaneously via the Internet. Similarly, the copyright platform is also connected to the blockchain platform via the Internet, thereby enabling the copyright platform to interact with clients and the blockchain platform. Figure 1 The example only shows a scenario where the copyright platform is connected to a client. Since the client corresponds to the user side and the copyright platform corresponds to the server side, the user can initiate copyright service requests for various copyright services to the copyright platform through the client. The copyright platform, in collaboration with the blockchain platform, can realize the copyright services required by the user under the premise of ensuring trust, thereby constructing an information-based trust management solution for copyright services.

[0062] In the embodiments described in this specification, if a user needs to initiate a copyright service request to the copyright platform through a client, they must first register with their real name on the copyright platform. Only after logging in and passing real-name authentication will the copyright platform provide copyright service to the user's corresponding client. The user can then send a copyright service request to the copyright platform through the logged-in client to obtain the corresponding copyright service. The client described in this specification can be installed on various electronic devices with communication functions, such as mobile phones, computers, tablets, and smartwatches.

[0063] The copyright platform described in this specification supports various blockchain-based online copyright services, such as copyright registration, copyright transfer, and copyright trading. Therefore, the copyright platform can provide corresponding copyright services to connected clients. As an online copyright service system, the copyright platform enables fully online processing of copyright transactions, avoiding the inefficiency and high costs of offline processing, improving user experience. Furthermore, because the copyright platform stores key data information during the copyright transaction process through a blockchain platform, it can prevent data security issues caused by centralized data storage structures.

[0064] The blockchain platform described in this specification may consist only of a blockchain network composed of several blockchain nodes. In this case, the copyright platform invokes the blockchain platform by initiating blockchain transactions to the blockchain nodes in the blockchain network. Alternatively, the blockchain platform may include a centralized management platform that connects to several blockchain networks, acting as a proxy relay for interaction with the blockchain networks. In this case, the copyright platform invokes the blockchain platform by initiating a notarization request to the management platform within the blockchain platform, thereby instructing the management platform to further initiate blockchain transactions to indirectly invoke the blockchain network.

[0065] For example, the aforementioned management platform may include a BaaS platform (also known as a BaaS cloud) for providing Blockchain as a Service (BaaS). The BaaS platform can provide pre-written software for activities occurring on the blockchain (such as subscriptions and notifications, user authentication, database management, and remote updates) to communication computing devices connected to the BaaS platform (such as the copyright platform involved in the embodiments of this specification). This provides easy-to-use, one-click deployment, rapid verification, and flexible customization of blockchain services, thereby accelerating the development, testing, and deployment of blockchain business applications and facilitating the implementation of blockchain commercial application scenarios in various industries. Of course, if the blockchain platform only includes the blockchain network itself, the copyright platform involved in the embodiments of this specification can also be considered as the aforementioned BaaS platform.

[0066] In the embodiments described in this specification, the copyright platform can be deployed in a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE). In this way, the copyright platform can place some or all of the logical processes in the copyright business to be executed in the TEE, thereby ensuring the trustworthiness of the copyright business execution process.

[0067] The Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) described in the embodiments of this specification provides a secure execution environment for software. TEE is a secure extension of CPU hardware, completely isolated from the external environment. The concept of TEE was first proposed by Global Platform to address the secure isolation of resources on mobile devices, providing a trusted and secure execution environment for applications parallel to the operating system. Currently, the industry is paying close attention to TEE solutions, and almost all mainstream chip and software alliances have their own TEE solutions, such as the software-based TPM (Trusted Platform Module) and hardware-based Intel SGX, ARM Trustzone, and AMD PSP (Platform Security Processor).

[0068] Taking Intel SGX (hereinafter referred to as SGX) technology as an example, trusted computing nodes can create enclaves (enclaves or enclaves) based on SGX technology to serve as TEEs for executing blockchain transactions. The blockchain node utilizes newly added processor instructions in the CPU to allocate a portion of memory as an EPC (Enclave Page Cache) to house the aforementioned enclaves. The memory region corresponding to the EPC is encrypted by the CPU's internal Memory Encryption Engine (MEE). The contents of this memory region (code and data within the enclave) can only be decrypted within the CPU core, and the encryption and decryption keys are generated and stored in the CPU only when the EPC is started. As can be seen, the security boundary of the enclave only includes itself and the CPU. Neither privileged nor non-privileged software can access the enclave. Even the operating system administrator and the VMM (virtual machine monitor, or hypervisor) cannot affect the code and data in the enclave, thus possessing extremely high security. Furthermore, under the premise of the above security guarantee, the CPU can process blockchain transactions in plaintext form within the enclave, achieving extremely high computational efficiency, thereby balancing data security and computational efficiency.

[0069] Figure 2 This specification is a flowchart illustrating a blockchain-based copyright registration method according to an exemplary embodiment, which is applied to... Figure 1 The copyright platform shown includes the following steps in its method:

[0070] S202: Receive work file information and rights statement information related to the work file information provided by the user, wherein the rights statement information includes at least the identity information of the copyright holder.

[0071] In this embodiment of the specification, a user can initiate a copyright registration request to the copyright platform through a client, thereby enabling the copyright platform to perform the corresponding copyright registration service. At this time, the user needs to include the work file information and the rights statement information regarding the work file information in the copyright registration request. The work file information may include the work file or its corresponding hash value, thus serving as direct evidence of the user's ownership of the work file. The work file is the subject of the copyright registration and can include any legally protected object permitted by copyright law, such as literary works, oral works, artistic and photographic works, film and television works, musical works, video works, engineering and product design drawings and their descriptions, etc. Unlike traditional offline copyright registration methods, the work files involved in this embodiment are not physical entities but readable electronic files. The rights statement information regarding the work file information refers to some explanations and descriptions of the work file information, such as the work title, work type, work completion time, work completion location, publication time, publication location, publication URL, author identity information, copyright holder identity information, supplementary evidence information, etc. Supplementary evidence information may include other legally valid supporting materials such as work transfer contracts, employment contracts, commissioned creation contracts, etc.

[0072] S204: Return the rights statement generated based on the rights statement information to the user, and if the user confirms that the rights statement is correct, add the user's digital signature to the rights statement to generate a valid rights statement.

[0073] After receiving the rights statement information, the copyright platform generates a rights statement document based on the information. This electronic rights statement is also in electronic document form and is not legally valid as it is not yet signed. Therefore, the copyright platform needs to return this rights statement document to the user's corresponding client. After receiving a confirmation message from the client regarding the rights statement, the copyright platform can confirm that the user has confirmed the correctness of the rights statement document. In this case, the copyright platform can generate a digital signature for the rights statement document based on the user's pre-hosted digital identity seal (e.g., the user's private key) and add this digital signature to the rights statement document to generate a valid rights statement document, which then has legal effect. Alternatively, in another embodiment, upon receiving the rights statement document returned by the copyright platform, the user can also directly add a digital signature on their corresponding client to generate a valid rights statement document. In this case, the user independently controls the digital identity seal, and the user's corresponding client can directly return the valid rights statement document to the copyright platform. Therefore, the copyright platform does not need to add the user's digital signature to the rights statement document to generate a valid rights statement document, and can directly proceed with subsequent steps.

[0074] S206: Invoke the blockchain platform to store the evidence in the evidence storage dataset, wherein the evidence in the evidence storage dataset includes the work file information and the valid rights statement.

[0075] In the embodiments described in this specification, the copyright platform needs to ensure the credibility of copyright registration. Therefore, it needs to perform blockchain-based evidence storage processing on the copyright registration-related evidence dataset to ensure that the evidence in the dataset cannot be tampered with and can be verified subsequently. Blockchain-based evidence storage processing may include storing the evidence in the blockchain ledger maintained by the blockchain network, or storing it in the contract states maintained by each blockchain node in the blockchain network.

[0076] To ensure legal validity, the evidence in the evidence dataset must at least include the work file information and the valid rights statement. To further ensure the completeness of the evidence and facilitate subsequent data verification, the evidence in the evidence dataset may also include the identity information and / or supplementary evidence information contained in the rights statement information. Of course, the evidence in the evidence dataset may also include other information contained in the rights statement information provided by the user. It should be noted that the various pieces of evidence included in the evidence dataset are separate and independent of each other. For example, evidence in the evidence dataset including the work file information and the valid rights statement means that the evidence dataset contains two pieces of evidence: one electronic file corresponding to the work file information and another electronic file corresponding to the valid rights statement. Furthermore, the evidence in the evidence dataset can be the original file itself or the hash value corresponding to the original file. For example, evidence in the evidence dataset including the work file information and the valid rights statement could mean that the evidence in the evidence dataset includes the hash value corresponding to the work file information and the hash value corresponding to the valid rights statement.

[0077] In the embodiments of this specification, invoking a blockchain platform to store evidence in a data set specifically refers to sending a storage request to the blockchain platform for storage processing. The storage request includes the evidence in the data set. Figure 1 For example, if the blockchain platform only includes the blockchain network shown in the diagram, then the specific form of a proof request is a blockchain proof transaction. This blockchain proof transaction carries one or more pieces of evidence from the proof dataset, thus ensuring that the blockchain proof transaction is ultimately anchored in the block body of a certain block in the blockchain ledger, or recorded in the contract state of a smart contract. If the blockchain platform includes both a management platform and the blockchain network shown in the diagram, then the proof request is first sent to the management platform, which then further initiates a blockchain proof transaction to the blockchain network. For instance, the copyright platform can, based on the number of pieces of evidence in the proof dataset, carry one piece of evidence in each proof request. The platform sends multiple evidence storage requests to the management platform, which then initiates multiple blockchain evidence storage transactions with the blockchain network based on each received request. Each blockchain evidence storage transaction carries only one piece of evidence. For example, the copyright platform can send all the evidence in the evidence storage set to the management platform, allowing the management platform to parse each piece of evidence and initiate a call to the blockchain network by carrying one piece of evidence in a blockchain evidence storage transaction. Alternatively, the management platform can directly package all the evidence into a single blockchain evidence storage transaction, thus sending only one blockchain evidence storage transaction with all the evidence to the blockchain network.

[0078] In one embodiment, invoking the blockchain platform includes: initiating a notarization request to the blockchain platform that simultaneously carries the hash values ​​corresponding to all evidence in the notarization dataset. In this embodiment of the specification, the blockchain platform only includes a blockchain network, and the notarization request should be understood as a blockchain notarization transaction. Therefore, it is equivalent to the blockchain platform packaging all evidence in the notarization dataset and storing it uniformly, so that after successful notarization, the blockchain ledger maintained by the blockchain network contains a transaction carrying all the evidence. During subsequent data verification, it is only necessary to find this transaction to verify the evidence in the notarization dataset. This notarization method can be called the packaged notarization method.

[0079] In another embodiment, invoking the blockchain platform includes: initiating several evidence storage requests to the blockchain platform, each carrying a hash value corresponding to each piece of evidence in the evidence storage dataset. In this embodiment, the blockchain platform only includes a blockchain network, and the evidence storage request should be understood as a blockchain evidence storage transaction. Therefore, it is equivalent to the blockchain platform storing each piece of evidence in the evidence storage dataset one by one. After successful storage, the blockchain ledger maintained by the blockchain network contains multiple transactions carrying different pieces of evidence. During subsequent data verification, the corresponding transaction can be searched as needed for verification of a single piece of evidence. This evidence storage method can be called a discrete evidence storage method.

[0080] In a blockchain platform that only contains a blockchain network and where the evidence storage request is a blockchain evidence storage transaction, the copyright platform maintains a blockchain account corresponding to the user, and the initiator of the evidence storage request is the blockchain account corresponding to the user. In this embodiment, when a user registers an account on the copyright platform, they also need to bind or apply for a corresponding blockchain account on the blockchain platform, entrusting their blockchain account information (e.g., blockchain identity private key) to the authorization platform. This is used by the copyright platform to initiate a blockchain evidence storage transaction with the blockchain account corresponding to the specific user when it receives a copyright registration request from that user. This allows the user's copyright operation (copyright registration in this embodiment) to be recorded through a blockchain evidence storage transaction, enabling the identification of the evidence provider and providing clues to determine the source of the evidence.

[0081] Users can initiate copyright service requests to the copyright platform for various copyright-related matters. The copyright platform, in collaboration with a blockchain platform, fulfills the user's copyright requests while ensuring trustworthiness. This establishes a reliable information management solution for copyright services, enabling fully online processing of copyright transactions. This avoids the inefficiency and high costs of offline processing, improves user experience, and prevents data security issues caused by centralized data storage structures by storing key data information during the copyright service process on the blockchain. For example, the embodiments in this specification achieve a reliable online copyright registration scheme by generating valid rights statements online and storing the evidence dataset on the blockchain, improving the timeliness and reliability of copyright registration and reducing the cost for users to handle copyright registration.

[0082] Optionally, receiving the work file information and rights statement information provided by the user includes: performing real-name authentication on the user; and receiving the work file information and rights statement information provided by the user if the user passes the real-name authentication. In this embodiment of the specification, the user needs to first pass real-name authentication so that the copyright platform can verify the user's identity before obtaining the copyright registration service provided by the copyright platform. For example, the copyright platform can require the user to provide identity information such as ID number, name, and facial image, and receive the copyright registration request from the user only if the information provided by the user confirms that the user's true identity is accurate. Through this embodiment of the specification, the authenticity of the user's identity during the copyright registration process can be ensured, thereby reducing security risks.

[0083] Optionally, it also includes: establishing a copyright registration project, wherein the copyright registration project includes the association relationships between various pieces of evidence in the evidence storage dataset. The copyright platform can establish a copyright registration project and store it in the database for each copyright registration request initiated by a user. This copyright registration project can record each piece of evidence in the evidence storage dataset, and can also record the association relationships between the pieces of evidence. For example, a unique identifier can be created for each piece of evidence first, and then the unique identifiers corresponding to each piece of evidence in the evidence storage dataset can be associated and recorded; or, the hash values ​​corresponding to each piece of evidence in the evidence storage dataset can be directly associated and recorded; or, when the evidence storage location corresponding to each piece of evidence is successfully obtained, the evidence storage location corresponding to each piece of evidence can also be associated and recorded. In the embodiments of this specification, during the evidence storage process in the evidence storage dataset, one piece of evidence corresponds to one blockchain evidence storage transaction. This results in multiple pieces of evidence from the same dataset being anchored in different locations on the blockchain. For example, a blockchain evidence storage transaction carrying evidence may ultimately be anchored in different blocks of the blockchain ledger. Therefore, it is necessary to record the correlation between multiple pieces of evidence in the same evidence storage dataset to manage related evidence based on a copyright registration business in a unified manner, ensuring the correlation between various pieces of evidence. This also helps users verify individual pieces of evidence by providing them with related evidence (i.e., evidence that is related to the evidence storage data being verified by the user and is within the same copyright registration project), thus facilitating subsequent data verification for the user.

[0084] In the embodiments described in this specification, the copyright platform integrates its established copyright registration projects into a copyright information database and adds search tags to each copyright registration project in the database according to various dimensions, such as tagging different copyright registration projects according to the copyright holder's identity information. This allows users to use the copyright holder's identity information as search keywords to find multiple copyright registration projects held by that copyright holder. In particular, when it is necessary to store the copyright holder's identity information as evidence in the evidence storage dataset, the existing copyright registration projects corresponding to the copyright holder can be searched in the copyright information database first. Then, the evidence storage location corresponding to the copyright holder's identity information in the existing copyright registration projects can be directly transferred to the currently established copyright registration project. This replaces the evidence storage process for the copyright holder's identity information, thereby optimizing the copyright registration process. Furthermore, since the blockchain platform already stores the copyright holder's identity information, duplicate content storage can be avoided, saving storage space.

[0085] Optionally, it also includes: if the evidence in the evidence dataset is successfully stored, recording the evidence storage location corresponding to each piece of evidence in the obtained evidence dataset in the copyright registration project. Through the embodiments of this specification, the on-chain evidence storage location information can be stored on the copyright platform, thereby facilitating subsequent data verification by users through the copyright platform.

[0086] In the embodiments described in this specification, the copyright platform needs to verify data on the blockchain platform to confirm the successful storage of the evidence dataset if all evidence in the dataset has been successfully stored on the blockchain platform. For example, if the blockchain platform only includes a blockchain network, the copyright platform can confirm the successful storage of all evidence in the evidence dataset by monitoring transaction receipts related to blockchain evidence storage transactions on the blockchain platform and confirming that all transactions related to the copyright registration business have been successfully executed, or by searching the blockchain ledger and verifying that the blockchain ledger has recorded blockchain evidence storage transactions related to the copyright registration business. As another example, if the blockchain platform includes both a management platform and a blockchain network, the copyright platform needs to confirm the successful storage of all evidence in the evidence dataset by receiving a notification from the management platform that the storage of evidence for the copyright registration business has been successfully stored on the blockchain platform.

[0087] When the blockchain platform only contains a blockchain network, the evidence storage location in the embodiments of this specification can be obtained by the copyright platform monitoring the information in the transaction receipt corresponding to the blockchain evidence storage transaction, or the transaction hash corresponding to the blockchain evidence storage transaction can be directly used as the evidence storage location. When the blockchain platform includes both a management platform and a blockchain network, the copyright platform needs to obtain the evidence storage location from the evidence storage success notification obtained from the management platform. The evidence storage location involved in the embodiments of this specification may include block hash, transaction hash, contract address, contract fields, etc., and this specification does not impose any limitations on this.

[0088] Optionally, it further includes: generating correlation proof information to prove the correlation relationship based on the evidence in the evidence storage dataset, and calling the blockchain platform to store the correlation proof information. In the embodiments of this specification, the correlation relationships in the copyright registration projects maintained by the copyright platform are centrally stored, thus there is a possibility of malicious tampering, and it does not have theoretical security. Therefore, it is necessary to make the correlation relationships themselves trustworthy. For example, a correlation proof information can be generated for multiple pieces of evidence in the evidence storage dataset through a correlation algorithm. This correlation proof information can be used to prove the correlation relationship between the various pieces of evidence in the evidence storage dataset. The embodiments of this specification do not limit the specific form of the correlation proof information. For example, the correlation proof information is the hash value of a string obtained by concatenating the hash values ​​corresponding to each piece of evidence in the evidence storage dataset in a fixed concatenation order; or, the correlation proof information is the hash value corresponding to the root node in a Merkle tree built with each piece of evidence in the evidence storage dataset as leaf nodes. Users can use the hash values ​​of each piece of evidence in a dataset provided by the copyright platform to calculate a correlation proof themselves. If this correlation proof matches the one provided by the copyright platform, a correlation can be established between the pieces of evidence in the dataset. Simultaneously, the copyright platform stores this correlation proof on a blockchain platform, completely avoiding data security issues arising from centralized storage. In this embodiment, by setting up credible correlation proof and storing it on the blockchain, the credibility and verifiability of copyright registration based on discrete evidence storage are ensured.

[0089] Optionally, the method further includes: upon successful storage of the evidence dataset, returning a copyright registration information package to the user, wherein the copyright registration information package includes the evidence dataset and a digital content certificate of preservation for the work file information. Upon successful storage of the evidence dataset, the copyright platform returns the copyright registration information package to the user's corresponding client, thereby enabling the user to obtain electronic versions of the work file information, a valid rights statement, and a digital content certificate of preservation, etc. The digital content certificate of preservation contains a unique identifier and hash value of the evidence, facilitating subsequent verification of the evidence by the user.

[0090] Optionally, it further includes: if the evidence dataset is successfully stored, providing the work file information to the time service platform to obtain a certificate of the storage time for the work file information, and returning the certificate of the storage time to the user. In the embodiments of this specification, the time service platform involved in the embodiments of this specification may include any officially recognized time service institution. In order to obtain legally valid proof information of the storage time, it is necessary to send a request to the time service platform to obtain a certificate of the storage time for the work file information and return it to the user as valid proof for verifying the copyright registration time. The embodiments of this specification describe requesting the certificate of the storage time from the time service platform when the evidence dataset is successfully stored. In fact, the copyright platform may also request the certificate of the storage time from the time service platform at the moment of receiving the copyright registration request from the user, at the moment of calling the blockchain to store the evidence dataset, or at any other moment during the execution of the copyright registration business. This specification does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0091] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another blockchain-based copyright registration method according to an exemplary embodiment of this specification, which is applied to... Figure 1 The blockchain platform shown includes the following steps in its method:

[0092] S302: Based on the call of the copyright platform, the evidence in the evidence storage dataset is stored, and the evidence in the evidence storage dataset includes work file information and valid rights statement.

[0093] The work file information and the rights statement information related to the work file information are provided by the user to the copyright platform, so that the copyright platform will return the rights statement generated based on the rights statement information to the user. The valid rights statement is generated by the copyright platform by adding the user's digital signature to the rights statement after the user confirms that the rights statement is correct.

[0094] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another blockchain-based copyright registration method according to an exemplary embodiment of this specification, which is applied to... Figure 1 The method for the client corresponding to the user shown includes the following steps:

[0095] S402: Send the work file information and the rights statement information regarding the work file information to the copyright platform, so that the copyright platform will return the rights statement generated based on the rights statement information to the client.

[0096] S404: Upon confirming that the received rights statement is correct, a confirmation message is sent to the copyright platform so that the copyright platform adds the user's digital signature to the rights statement to generate a valid rights statement, and calls the blockchain platform to store the evidence in the evidence storage dataset, the evidence in the evidence storage dataset including the work file information and the valid rights statement.

[0097] The following is based on Figure 1 Taking the example of a client calling a copyright platform to register copyright information for a work file, this manual provides a detailed explanation of the blockchain-based copyright registration scheme. Figure 5 This is an interactive flowchart illustrating an exemplary copyright registration method based on blockchain, as shown in this specification. Please refer to it. Figure 5 The blockchain-based copyright registration scheme described in this specification can be implemented through the cooperation of the client, copyright platform, blockchain platform, and time synchronization platform. This method may include the following steps:

[0098] S501: The copyright platform initiates a real-name authentication challenge to the user's corresponding client in order to collect and verify the user's real identity.

[0099] S502: Users provide necessary identity verification information to the copyright platform through the client, which enables the copyright platform to verify the identity verification information. After the copyright platform confirms that the user's true identity is credible, it will grant the user the right to enjoy copyright business services, thereby enabling the copyright platform to receive copyright business requests from the user's corresponding client.

[0100] S503: The user sends a copyright registration request to the copyright platform through the client. The copyright registration request includes work file information and rights statement information related to the work file information. The user can send the copyright registration request to the copyright platform in two steps: First, upload the work file or provide the corresponding hash value of the work file to the copyright platform; second, fill in the copyright statement information template according to the fixed information, and send it to the copyright platform after filling in the necessary information (such as the work title, the copyright holder's ID number, name, etc.).

[0101] S504: The copyright platform generates an electronic rights statement based on the rights statement information sent by the user. All blank fields in the rights statement, except for the signature field, have been filled in according to the information in the rights statement. Then, the copyright platform returns the rights statement to the client and simultaneously initiates a signature authorization request to the client.

[0102] S505: After receiving the rights statement through the client, the user checks the correctness of the rights statement and sends a confirmation message to the copyright platform to indicate that the user has authorized the copyright platform to sign the rights statement on behalf of the user.

[0103] S506: After receiving the confirmation message, the copyright platform adds a digital signature to the rights statement by using the digital identity seal that the user has pre-hosted on the copyright platform to generate a valid rights statement.

[0104] S507: The copyright platform establishes a new copyright registration project in its copyright information database and stores the file information related to this copyright registration request within this project. This includes the work file information provided by the user and the valid rights statement generated by the copyright platform itself, and a unique identifier is created for each file. The copyright registration project also has a corresponding project identifier. Next, a data set for evidence preservation needs to be prepared. The copyright platform will determine the composition of the data set, for example, using the hash value corresponding to the work file information, the hash value corresponding to the valid rights statement, and the hash value corresponding to the copyright holder's identity information as three pieces of evidence in the data set, thus defining the data set.

[0105] S508: The copyright platform initiates three blockchain evidence storage transactions with the blockchain platform, each carrying three pieces of evidence from the evidence storage dataset. When the blockchain platform generates a new block, it listens and checks to check whether all three pieces of evidence have been uploaded to the chain. At the same time, each time evidence is detected on the blockchain ledger, the corresponding evidence storage location will be recorded in the copyright registration project, such as the block height where the evidence is located and the transaction hash of the transaction in which the evidence is located.

[0106] S509: When the copyright platform detects that all the evidence in the evidence storage dataset has been uploaded to the blockchain, it first sends a time synchronization request to the time synchronization platform. The time synchronization request carries the hash value corresponding to the work file information.

[0107] S510: After receiving the time synchronization request from the copyright platform, the time synchronization platform uses trusted time synchronization technology to take the current time as the time of the current evidence storage dataset, generates an evidence storage time certificate corresponding to the work file information, and returns the evidence storage time certificate to the copyright platform.

[0108] S511: Upon receiving the certificate of preservation, the copyright platform packages the work file information, the valid rights statement, the certificate of preservation, and the digital content preservation certificate for the work file information into a copyright registration information package and returns it to the user's corresponding client. To date, the copyright platform has fully completed the entire set of online credible copyright registration services for the copyright registration request initiated by the user.

[0109] Corresponding to the embodiments of the foregoing methods, this specification also provides embodiments of apparatus, electronic devices, and storage media.

[0110] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a device provided in an exemplary embodiment. Please refer to... Figure 6 At the hardware level, the device includes a processor 602, an internal bus 604, a network interface 606, memory 608, and non-volatile memory 610, and may also include other hardware required for business operations. One or more embodiments of this specification can be implemented in software, such as the processor 602 reading the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory 610 into memory 608 and then running it. Of course, in addition to software implementation, one or more embodiments of this specification do not exclude other implementation methods, such as logic devices or a combination of hardware and software, etc. That is to say, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, but can also be hardware or logic devices.

[0111] like Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This specification is a block diagram illustrating a blockchain-based copyright registration device according to an exemplary embodiment. This device can be applied to, for example... Figure 6 The device shown is used to implement the blockchain-based copyright registration scheme described in this specification. The device is applied to a copyright platform and includes:

[0112] Information receiving unit 701 is used to receive work file information provided by the user and rights statement information regarding the work file information, wherein the rights statement information includes at least the identity information of the copyright holder;

[0113] The valid rights statement generation unit 702 is used to return the rights statement generated based on the rights statement information to the user, and add the user's digital signature to the rights statement to generate a valid rights statement if the user confirms that the rights statement is correct.

[0114] The blockchain invocation unit 703 is used to invoke the blockchain platform to store evidence in the evidence storage dataset, wherein the evidence in the evidence storage dataset includes the work file information and the valid rights statement.

[0115] Optionally, the evidence in the evidence dataset may also include supplementary evidence information contained in the identity information and / or the rights statement information.

[0116] Optionally, the information receiving unit 701 is specifically used for:

[0117] Perform real-name authentication on the user;

[0118] If the user has passed real-name authentication, the system receives the work file information and the rights statement information provided by the user.

[0119] Optionally, the work file information includes the work file or the hash value corresponding to the work file.

[0120] Optionally, the blockchain invocation unit 703 is specifically used for:

[0121] Initiate a notarization request to the blockchain platform, which simultaneously carries the hash values ​​corresponding to all evidence in the notarization dataset.

[0122] Optionally, the blockchain invocation unit 703 is specifically used for:

[0123] A number of evidence storage requests are sent to the blockchain platform, each carrying a hash value corresponding to each piece of evidence in the evidence storage dataset.

[0124] Optional, also includes:

[0125] The copyright project establishment unit 704 is used to establish a copyright registration project, which includes the relationship between various pieces of evidence in the evidence storage dataset.

[0126] Optional, also includes:

[0127] The evidence storage location recording unit 705 is used to record the evidence storage location corresponding to each piece of evidence in the obtained evidence storage dataset in the copyright registration project when the evidence storage dataset is successfully stored.

[0128] Optional, also includes:

[0129] The association evidence storage unit 706 is used to generate association proof information to prove the association relationship based on the evidence in the evidence storage dataset, and to call the blockchain platform to store the association proof information.

[0130] Optionally, the correlation proof information is the hash value of a string obtained by concatenating the hash values ​​of each piece of evidence in the evidence dataset according to a fixed concatenation order; or,

[0131] The correlation proof information is the hash value corresponding to the root node in a Merkle tree constructed with each piece of evidence in the stored dataset as a leaf node.

[0132] Optional, also includes:

[0133] The information package return unit 707 is used to return a copyright registration information package to the user when the evidence dataset is successfully stored. The copyright registration information package includes the evidence dataset and a digital content certificate for the work file information.

[0134] Optional, also includes:

[0135] The timing unit 708 is used to provide the work file information to the timing platform to obtain the storage time certificate for the work file information when the storage dataset is successfully stored, and to return the storage time certificate to the user.

[0136] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a block diagram illustrating another blockchain-based copyright registration device according to an exemplary embodiment, which can be applied to, for example... Figure 6 The device shown is used to implement the blockchain-based copyright registration scheme described in this specification. The device is applied to a blockchain platform and includes:

[0137] Evidence storage unit 801 is used to store evidence in the evidence storage dataset based on the call of the copyright platform. The evidence in the evidence storage dataset includes work file information and valid rights statement.

[0138] The work file information and the rights statement information related to the work file information are provided by the user to the copyright platform, so that the copyright platform will return the rights statement generated based on the rights statement information to the user. The valid rights statement is generated by the copyright platform by adding the user's digital signature to the rights statement after the user confirms that the rights statement is correct.

[0139] like Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a block diagram illustrating yet another blockchain-based copyright registration device according to an exemplary embodiment, which can be applied to, for example... Figure 6 The device shown is used to implement the blockchain-based copyright registration scheme described in this specification. This device is applied to the user's corresponding client and includes:

[0140] The information sending unit 901 is used to send work file information and rights statement information related to the work file information to the copyright platform, so that the copyright platform will return the rights statement generated based on the rights statement information to the client.

[0141] The rights statement confirmation unit 902 is used to send a confirmation message to the copyright platform when the received rights statement is confirmed to be correct, so that the copyright platform adds the digital signature corresponding to the user to the rights statement to generate a valid rights statement, and calls the blockchain platform to store the evidence in the evidence storage dataset, the evidence in the evidence storage dataset including the work file information and the valid rights statement.

[0142] like Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This specification illustrates a structural diagram of a blockchain-based copyright registration system according to an exemplary embodiment. The system includes:

[0143] Client 1001 is used to obtain work file information provided by the user and rights statement information related to the work file information;

[0144] Copyright platform 1002 is used to receive the work file information and the rights statement information sent by the client, return the rights statement generated based on the rights statement information to the client, and add the digital signature corresponding to the user to the rights statement to generate a valid rights statement when the user confirms that the rights statement is correct. The rights statement information includes at least the identity information of the copyright holder.

[0145] Blockchain platform 1003 is used to store evidence in the evidence storage dataset according to the call of the copyright platform. The evidence in the evidence storage dataset includes the work file information and the valid rights statement.

[0146] Accordingly, this specification also provides an apparatus comprising a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to implement the steps of the blockchain-based copyright registration method provided in all the above method embodiments.

[0147] Accordingly, this specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium having executable instructions stored thereon; wherein, when executed by a processor, the instructions implement the steps of the blockchain-based copyright registration method provided in all the above-described method embodiments.

[0148] Figure 11 This specification is a flowchart illustrating a blockchain-based copyright transfer method according to an exemplary embodiment, which is applied to... Figure 1 The blockchain platform shown has a copyright management contract deployed on it. The contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The method includes the following steps:

[0149] S1102: Receive a copyright transfer request, wherein the copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor, and the identity information of the copyright transferee.

[0150] In the embodiments of this specification, the deployment of a copyright management contract on the blockchain platform refers to the deployment of a copyright management contract within the blockchain network contained in the blockchain platform. As a smart contract, the copyright management contract maintains a contract state, which includes a set of copyright holdings corresponding to each user. Each user's copyright holding set stores the copyright holding information for that user, including basic information about each copyright held by that user, copyright holder information, effective status, effective duration, and authorization records. Clearly, each user includes both copyright transferors and copyright transferees. It should be noted that the copyright to be transferred is often the property right corresponding to a specific work, but the copyright to be transferred is not necessarily all the property rights corresponding to that specific work; it can also be a portion of the property rights. According to relevant provisions of copyright law, property rights can include the right of use, the right to license use, the right to transfer, and the right to receive remuneration, etc. The right of use can be further subdivided, which will not be described in detail here.

[0151] The copyright transfer request includes a copyright transfer request for transferring the copyright held by the copyright transferor to the copyright transferee, or a copyright licensing request for authorizing the copyright held by the copyright transferor to the copyright transferee. Based on the specific circumstances of copyright transfer in reality and relevant legal provisions, copyright transfer can be divided into copyright transfer and copyright licensing. Copyright transfer refers to the legal act of a copyright holder transferring all or part of the property rights of the copyright to another party, for consideration or without compensation. After the copyright transfer, the original copyright holder will lose all or part of the property rights of the transferred copyright. Copyright licensing, on the other hand, refers to the legal act of a copyright holder authorizing the use of all or part of the copyright to another party, for consideration or without compensation. After the copyright licensing, the copyright still belongs to the original copyright holder, and the licensee only has the right to use the work according to the agreed-upon usage methods and conditions.

[0152] In this embodiment of the specification, the sender of the copyright transfer request can be a copyright platform. The copyright platform, upon receiving copyright transfer requests from both the copyright transferor and the copyright transferee regarding the copyright to be transferred, initiates the copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform. Alternatively, the sender of the copyright transfer request can be the copyright transferor, the copyright transferee, or other users. In this embodiment of the specification, users can directly initiate copyright transfer requests to the blockchain platform, or they can indirectly initiate copyright transfer requests to the blockchain platform through the copyright platform. For example, if a copyright transferee has entered into a copyright transfer agreement with a copyright transferor, and the transferee has a copyright transfer need to transfer the copyright to be transferred from the transferor to the transferee, the transferee can send the relevant documents of the copyright transfer agreement to a copyright platform. The copyright platform, after verifying its legality and compliance, can then parse the copyright to be transferred and the two parties involved in the agreement (the transferee and the transferor) to generate a copyright transfer request corresponding to the transfer need and send it to the blockchain platform. This copyright transfer request carries the identity information of the copyright to be transferred, the transferor, and the transferee. Alternatively, the copyright platform can generate a copyright transfer request independently and send it to the blockchain platform without being triggered by a user's copyright transfer request.

[0153] S1104: Based on the copyright transfer request, invoke the copyright management contract to add the copyright to be transferred to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred.

[0154] As mentioned earlier, the architecture of a blockchain platform includes two scenarios: one containing only a single blockchain network, and the other containing a management platform and at least one blockchain network. We will discuss these scenarios separately: In the case where the blockchain platform only contains a blockchain network, the specific form of a copyright transfer request is a copyright transfer transaction. A copyright transfer transaction is a blockchain transaction where the "from" field is set to the blockchain account corresponding to the initiator, and the "to" field is set to the contract address pointing to the copyright management contract. Therefore, when the blockchain platform receives and executes this copyright transfer transaction, it calls the corresponding copyright management contract, triggering the contract execution logic. First, it parses the transaction to obtain information such as the copyright transferor, copyright transferee, and the copyright to be transferred. Then, based on the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor in the contract state, it determines whether the copyright transferor meets the predefined transfer conditions. If the transfer conditions are met, the copyright transfer transaction is considered legal. The copyright to be transferred can then be added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract state, indicating that the copyright transferee has acquired the copyright to be transferred. In the case where the blockchain includes a management platform and at least one blockchain network, the entity that receives the copyright transfer request in S1102 is the management platform. The management platform will issue a copyright transfer transaction to the corresponding blockchain network based on the received copyright transfer request, so that the blockchain network will call the copyright management contract when it receives and executes the copyright transfer transaction. The subsequent process is roughly the same as the first case, so it will not be described in detail.

[0155] Furthermore, if the copyright transferor fails to meet the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred, the blockchain platform will provide a notification message indicating the failure of the copyright transfer to the initiator of the copyright transfer request. For example, if the blockchain platform only includes a blockchain network, the copyright transfer request is a copyright transfer transaction, and the notification message indicating the failure of the copyright transfer is the transaction receipt corresponding to the copyright transfer transaction. The log contained in the transaction receipt records information about the copyright transfer failure. If the copyright platform, the initiator of the copyright transfer transaction, learns of the failure of the corresponding copyright transfer business by listening to the transaction receipt, it will send a notification of business execution failure to the relevant copyright transferor and / or copyright transferee. Alternatively, if the blockchain platform includes a management platform and a blockchain network, after listening to the transaction receipt indicating the failure of the copyright transfer, the management platform will proactively return a notification message indicating the failure of the copyright transfer to the initiator. In the embodiments of this specification, the notification message may also include detailed reasons for the failure, such as displaying "the copyright transferor does not hold the copyright to be transferred," so that the initiator can promptly know the specific reasons for the copyright transfer failure.

[0156] This specification describes a blockchain-based copyright transfer solution that enables users to complete their required copyright transfer transactions while ensuring trustworthiness. It achieves fully online processing of copyright transfer transactions, avoiding the inefficiency and high costs of offline processing and improving user experience. The smart contract-based copyright transfer solution in this specification is highly operable and scalable, allowing for flexible and effective verification of the legality of copyright transfers. Furthermore, because the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract contains copyright holding information for each user, this specification uses smart contracts to integrate information on each user's copyright holdings, facilitating subsequent information retrieval by users.

[0157] Optionally, the transfer condition includes: the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains the copyright to be transferred. In this embodiment of the specification, the copyright transferor needs to satisfy the condition that its corresponding copyright holding information set contains the copyright to be transferred, that is, the copyright transfer is considered legal, so as to continue to execute the logic of subsequent copyright transfers. This means that the necessary condition for the copyright transferor to transfer the copyright is that the copyright transferor already holds the copyright to be transferred. By setting this necessary condition in the transfer conditions, the blockchain platform can avoid responding to illegal copyright transfer requests, thereby improving the user experience.

[0158] Optionally, the transfer conditions include: when the copyright transfer request is a copyright assignment request, the copyright holder in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright to be transferred is the copyright transferor. In the contract state of the copyright management contract, the copyrights included in a user's copyright holding information set are not necessarily all actually held by that user (i.e., the copyright holder is not necessarily that user), but may be authorized by other users. Therefore, for such authorized copyrights, the copyright holder remains the original holder, not the user. For each copyright included in the copyright holding information set involved in the embodiments of this specification, there is a corresponding copyright holder field, used to represent the actual owner of the corresponding copyright. According to relevant laws, copyright transfer must obtain the permission of the copyright holder. Therefore, for authorized users who have only obtained copyright authorization, it is prohibited to transfer copyrights whose actual owner is not themselves without authorization. By setting the above-mentioned judgment conditions regarding the copyright holder in the transfer conditions, the embodiments of this specification can avoid the blockchain platform responding to illegal copyright transfer requests, thereby improving the user experience.

[0159] Optionally, the transfer conditions include: when the copyright transfer request is a copyright assignment request, the effective authorization record corresponding to the copyright to be transferred in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor is empty. For each copyright included in the copyright holding information set involved in the embodiments of this specification, there is a corresponding effective authorization record, which is used to characterize the authorization status of the copyright currently in effect. For example, copyright a has been authorized to user A, and the effective authorization period is from January 1, 2021 to January 1, 2022. Assuming that the current moment is within the above-mentioned effective authorization period, then the effective authorization record corresponding to copyright a will contain an authorization entry to record the above-mentioned user A and the corresponding effective authorization period. In the embodiments of this specification, by using whether the effective authorization record of the copyright to be transferred is empty as the judgment condition for whether the copyright transfer (copyright assignment) is successful, it is equivalent to defaulting to only copyrights that have not been authorized at present can be transferred. This setting can ensure that complex nepotism will not be generated after the copyright transfer, improve the purity of the copyright transfer business, and meet the actual needs of users.

[0160] Optionally, the transfer conditions include: when the copyright transfer request is a copyright authorization request, the copyright holder in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright to be transferred is the copyright transferor, or the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains a sub-license for the copyright to be transferred. According to relevant laws, copyright authorization must be initiated by the actual owner of the copyright, i.e., the copyright holder, and cannot be initiated by a licensee who has only obtained a copyright license, unless the licensee is also granted a sub-license. Therefore, in this embodiment of the specification, by setting the above-mentioned judgment conditions regarding the copyright holder and the sub-license for the copyright to be transferred in the transfer conditions, the blockchain platform can avoid responding to illegal copyright authorization requests, thereby improving the user experience.

[0161] Optionally, the transfer conditions include: when the copyright transfer request is the copyright authorization request, the effective authorization record corresponding to the copyright to be transferred in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor does not include exclusive licenses or sole licenses. As mentioned above, for each copyright included in the copyright holding information set involved in the embodiments of this specification, there is a corresponding effective authorization record. For each authorization entry included in the effective authorization, in addition to recording the identity information of the authorized person and the effective authorization period, the corresponding authorization type is also recorded. According to relevant laws, copyright authorization is divided into three basic types, including exclusive licenses, sole licenses, and ordinary licenses. Exclusive licenses, in this context, refer to a copyright holder granting a licensee permission to use the work within a specified scope. During the valid license period, the copyright holder has no right to exercise the granted copyright, nor can they authorize others to use the work. Non-exclusive licenses, on the other hand, grant a licensee permission to use the work within a specified scope, while retaining the copyright holder's own right to exercise the granted copyright, but prohibiting them from authorizing others to use the work. Ordinary licenses, also on the other hand, grant a licensee permission to use the work within a specified scope, while retaining the copyright holder's own right to exercise the granted copyright and to authorize others to do so. Therefore, according to relevant legal provisions, when authorizing copyrights, it is necessary to consider whether the corresponding effective authorization record already includes an exclusive or non-exclusive license. If the copyright has previously been authorized to other users under an exclusive or non-exclusive license and is still within its valid authorization period, secondary authorization of the copyright will be prohibited. This embodiment of the specification, by setting the above-mentioned judgment conditions regarding exclusive or non-exclusive licenses in the circulation conditions, can avoid the blockchain platform responding to illegal copyright authorization requests, thereby improving user experience.

[0162] It should be noted that although the above-described embodiments of the specification define the specific connotation of the circulation conditions, the circulation conditions involved in the embodiments of this specification can actually be designed differently according to different actual needs, and theoretically can be arbitrary. That is, this specification does not limit the specific connotation of the circulation conditions.

[0163] Optionally, it also includes: if the copyright transfer request is a copyright assignment request, deleting the copyright to be transferred from the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor. Based on the provisions of copyright law, copyright transfer will cause the original copyright holder to lose the copyright to be transferred. Therefore, when the blockchain platform receives a copyright transfer request, it not only needs to add the copyright to be transferred to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract state, but also needs to delete the copyright to be transferred and its related information from the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor, to indicate that the copyright transferor has lost the copyright to be transferred, thus complying with the requirements of actual business and relevant laws.

[0164] Optionally, it also includes: receiving a copyright query request, wherein the copyright registration request includes the identity information of the party to be queried; and invoking the copyright management contract based on the copyright query request to provide the data to be queried from the copyright holding information set corresponding to the party to be queried to the initiator of the copyright query request. In the embodiments of this specification, the copyright management contract provides a query interface to provide the initiator with relevant information on the copyright holding status of any user in response to a copyright query request issued by the initiator. For example, in the case where the blockchain platform only contains a blockchain network, the copyright query request is specifically a copyright query transaction. As a blockchain transaction that calls the query interface of the copyright management contract, after it is executed, the transaction receipt corresponding to the copyright query transaction will carry the data to be queried from the copyright holding information set corresponding to the party to be queried. The initiator of the copyright query request obtains the data to be queried by listening to the receipt.

[0165] Optionally, it also includes: receiving a copyright registration request, the copyright registration request including the copyright to be registered and the identity information of the copyright registrant; and invoking the copyright management contract based on the copyright registration request to add the copyright to be registered to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright registrant. In the embodiments of this specification, the copyright management contract also provides a registration interface to respond to the copyright registration request issued by the initiator and record the newly added copyright to be registered to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright registrant, thereby completing the online copyright registration process. For example, in the case where the blockchain platform only contains a blockchain network, the copyright query request is specifically a copyright registration transaction. As a blockchain transaction that calls the registration interface of the copyright management contract, after being executed, it adds the copyright to be registered to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright registrant, completing the copyright registration process. In the aforementioned blockchain-based copyright registration scheme, a registration scheme was mentioned that calls a blockchain platform to store data in the evidence storage dataset. This scheme can actually be combined with this embodiment, so that when initiating an evidence storage transaction to the blockchain platform, a copyright registration transaction for calling the copyright management contract is also initiated simultaneously. This allows the relevant evidence of newly registered copyrights to be anchored in the blockchain ledger through transactions, and the copyright management contract to uniformly manage and integrate information on newly registered copyrights, thereby achieving a highly complete copyright registration process.

[0166] Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating, according to an exemplary embodiment, another blockchain-based copyright transfer method applied to... Figure 1 The copyright platform shown is connected to a blockchain platform, which deploys a copyright management contract. The contract status maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The method includes the following steps:

[0167] S1202: Receive a copyright transfer request provided by a user, and generate a copyright transfer request based on the copyright transfer request. The copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor, and the identity information of the copyright transferee.

[0168] S1204: Send the copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform, so that the blockchain platform invokes the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so that, if the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred, the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status.

[0169] Figure 13 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another blockchain-based copyright transfer method according to an exemplary embodiment of this specification, which is applied to... Figure 1 The user's corresponding client is connected to a blockchain platform, which deploys a copyright management contract. The contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The method includes the following steps:

[0170] S1302: Generate a copyright transfer request, which includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor, and the identity information of the copyright transferee.

[0171] S1304: Send the copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform so that the blockchain platform can call the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so that if the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred, the copyright to be transferred will be added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status.

[0172] like Figure 14 As shown, Figure 14 This specification is a block diagram illustrating a blockchain-based copyright transfer device according to an exemplary embodiment. This device can be applied to, for example... Figure 6 The device shown is used to implement the blockchain-based copyright transfer scheme described in this specification. The device is applied to a blockchain platform, which deploys a copyright management contract. The contract status maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The device includes:

[0173] The copyright transfer request receiving unit 1401 is used to receive a copyright transfer request, wherein the copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee;

[0174] The copyright management contract invocation unit 1402 is used to invoke the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so as to add the copyright to be transferred to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status when the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred.

[0175] Optionally, the circulation conditions include:

[0176] The copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor includes the copyright to be transferred.

[0177] Optionally, the copyright transfer request may include a copyright transfer request for transferring the copyright to be transferred held by the copyright transferor to the copyright transferee, or a copyright authorization request for authorizing the copyright to be transferred held by the copyright transferor to the copyright transferee.

[0178] Optionally, the circulation conditions include:

[0179] In the case where the copyright transfer request is the copyright assignment request, the copyright holder in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright to be transferred is the copyright transferor.

[0180] Optionally, the circulation conditions include:

[0181] In the case where the copyright transfer request is the copyright assignment request, the effective authorization record corresponding to the copyright to be transferred in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor is empty.

[0182] Optionally, the circulation conditions include:

[0183] When the copyright transfer request is the copyright licensing request, the copyright holder in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor is the copyright transferor, or the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains a sublicense for the copyright to be transferred.

[0184] Optionally, the circulation conditions include:

[0185] When the copyright transfer request is the copyright authorization request, the effective authorization records corresponding to the copyright to be transferred in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor do not include exclusive licenses or sole licenses.

[0186] Optional, also includes:

[0187] The copyright deletion unit 1403 is used to delete the copyright to be transferred contained in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor when the copyright transfer request is the copyright transfer request.

[0188] Optional, also includes:

[0189] The copyright registration unit 1404 is used to receive a copyright registration request, which includes the copyright to be registered and the identity information of the copyright registrant; and to invoke the copyright management contract based on the copyright registration request to add the copyright to be registered to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright registrant.

[0190] Optionally, the sender of the copyright transfer request is a copyright platform, which initiates the copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform upon receiving copyright transfer requests from both the copyright transferor and the copyright transferee regarding the copyright to be transferred; or,

[0191] The sender of the copyright transfer request is either the copyright transferor or the copyright transferee.

[0192] like Figure 15 As shown, Figure 15 This is a block diagram illustrating another blockchain-based copyright transfer device according to an exemplary embodiment, which can be applied to, for example... Figure 6 The device shown is used to implement the blockchain-based copyright transfer scheme described in this specification. This device is applied to a copyright platform connected to a blockchain platform. The blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract status maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The device includes:

[0193] The copyright transfer request receiving unit 1501 is used to receive copyright transfer requests provided by users and generate copyright transfer requests based on the copyright transfer requests. The copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee.

[0194] The copyright transfer request sending unit 1502 is used to send the copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform, so that the blockchain platform calls the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so that if the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred, the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status.

[0195] like Figure 16 As shown, Figure 16 This is a block diagram illustrating yet another blockchain-based copyright transfer device according to an exemplary embodiment of this specification. This device can be applied to, for example... Figure 6 The device shown is used to implement the blockchain-based copyright transfer scheme described in this specification. This device is applied to a user's client, which is connected to a blockchain platform. The blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract status maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The device includes:

[0196] The copyright transfer request generation unit 1601 is used to generate a copyright transfer request, wherein the copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee;

[0197] The copyright transfer request sending unit 1602 is used to send the copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform, so that the blockchain platform calls the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so that if the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred, the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status.

[0198] like Figure 17 As shown, Figure 17 This specification illustrates a structural diagram of a blockchain-based copyright transfer system according to an exemplary embodiment. The system includes:

[0199] Client 1701 is used to generate copyright transfer requests;

[0200] Copyright platform 1702 is used to receive copyright transfer requests sent by the client and generate copyright transfer requests based on the copyright transfer requests. The copyright transfer requests include the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee.

[0201] Blockchain platform 1703 is deployed with a copyright management contract. The contract status maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. The blockchain platform is used to receive copyright transfer requests sent by the copyright platform and, based on the copyright transfer requests, call the copyright management contract to add the copyright to be transferred to the set of copyright holding information corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred.

[0202] Accordingly, this specification also provides an apparatus comprising a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to implement the steps of the blockchain-based copyright transfer method provided in all the above method embodiments.

[0203] Accordingly, this specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions thereon; wherein, when executed by a processor, the instructions implement the steps of the blockchain-based copyright transfer method provided in all the above-described method embodiments.

[0204] Figure 18 This specification is a flowchart illustrating a blockchain-based copyright transaction method according to an exemplary embodiment, which is applied to... Figure 1 The copyright platform shown includes the following steps in its method:

[0205] S1802: Obtain transaction information of the copyright requester for the target copyright, and generate a copyright transaction contract corresponding to the target copyright based on the transaction information.

[0206] In this embodiment, copyright providers can register the copyrights they wish to sell on a copyright platform, making the platform a transaction agent for each copyright provider. Therefore, the copyright platform maintains a copyright trading market to showcase all copyrights for sale to copyright demanders. After logging into the copyright platform via a client, copyright demanders can access the copyright trading market maintained by the platform to obtain basic descriptions, prices, and licensing transaction types (including copyright transfer transactions or copyright licensing transactions) of each copyright for sale. They can then select the target copyright and its corresponding transaction type and send transaction information to the copyright platform for that target copyright. Upon receiving the transaction information from the copyright demander, the copyright platform considers it a copyright transaction request and further executes the business logic of the copyright transaction. First, it generates a copyright transaction contract corresponding to the target copyright based on the transaction information. This contract is generated according to the basic information of the target copyright, the identity information of the copyright demander, the identity information of the copyright provider, and the transaction type carried in the transaction information. This copyright transaction contract is in electronic form and is not legally binding until the copyright demander signs it.

[0207] In the embodiments of this specification, the copyright transaction contract includes a copyright transfer transaction contract for transferring the target copyright held by the copyright provider to the copyright provider, or a copyright licensing transaction contract for licensing the target copyright held by the copyright provider to the copyright requester. For example, when the transaction type of the transaction information is a copyright transfer transaction, the generated copyright transaction contract is specifically a copyright transfer contract; when the transaction type of the transaction information is a copyright licensing transaction, the generated copyright transaction contract is specifically a copyright licensing contract. Different transaction types of the transaction information not only affect the type of copyright transaction contract, but also affect the logic of subsequent copyright transfer. For example, when the transaction type of the transaction information is a copyright transfer transaction, the result of the copyright transfer needs to ensure that the copyright provider is no longer the copyright holder of the target copyright; while when the transaction type of the transaction information is a copyright licensing transaction, the result of the copyright transfer needs to ensure that the copyright provider remains the copyright holder of the target copyright.

[0208] This document mentions several similar concepts, including blockchain transactions, copyright transactions, and copyright transaction requests. To avoid confusion, these concepts are explained in detail here to clarify their differences and connections. A blockchain transaction is a technical term in the blockchain field, referring to a message request format conforming to blockchain specifications required for external accounts to interact directly with the blockchain network. Generally, after being responded to by the blockchain network, a blockchain transaction goes through several basic processes, including transaction consensus, transaction on-chaining, and transaction execution. These are described in detail in existing technologies and will not be repeated here. A copyright transaction, on the other hand, is an economic phenomenon, referring to the transaction of transferring all or part of the property rights of a work's copyright to others through copyright licensing or transfer in exchange for corresponding economic income. Clearly, copyright transactions describe more of a business scenario than a technical concept. A copyright transaction request refers to a request message sent by a user to a copyright platform, enabling the platform to know that the initiator of the copyright transaction request has a need for copyright transaction business, and thus execute a series of data processing processes according to the pre-set business logic of the copyright transaction business.

[0209] S1804: Return the copyright transaction contract to the copyright requester, and if the copyright requester confirms that the copyright transaction contract is correct, add the signature information of the copyright requester to the copyright transaction contract to generate a valid copyright transaction contract. The valid copyright transaction contract also includes the signature information of the copyright provider corresponding to the target copyright.

[0210] Since the copyright transaction contract lacks the signature of the copyright requester, it is not yet legally valid. Therefore, the copyright platform needs to process the contract by signing it. In this embodiment, the copyright platform returns the generated copyright transaction contract to the client corresponding to the copyright requester. After receiving confirmation from the client regarding the contract, the copyright platform can confirm that the copyright requester has acknowledged the contract's validity. In this case, the copyright platform can generate signature information (e.g., electronic signature or digital seal) corresponding to the rights statement based on the digital identity seal pre-hosted by the copyright requester on the platform, and add this signature information to the copyright transaction contract to generate a valid copyright transaction contract. This valid copyright transaction contract is now legally valid. Alternatively, in another embodiment, upon receiving the copyright transaction contract returned by the copyright platform, the copyright requester can directly add signature information on their client side to generate a valid copyright transaction contract. In this case, the copyright requester possesses the digital identity seal independently, and their client can directly return the valid copyright transaction contract to the copyright platform. Therefore, the copyright platform does not need to add the copyright requester's signature information to the contract to generate a valid copyright transaction contract, and can directly proceed with subsequent steps.

[0211] In the embodiments described in this specification, since the copyright provider has entrusted the copyright platform to act as its agent for copyright transactions, it has entrusted its digital identity seal, used to prove its identity, to the copyright platform. Therefore, the copyright platform can add the copyright provider's signature information to the copyright transaction contract at any time. In one embodiment, the copyright platform returns that the copyright transaction contract of the copyright requester already contains the copyright provider's signature information. Therefore, after receiving confirmation from the copyright requester, the copyright platform only needs to continue adding the copyright requester's signature information to the copyright transaction contract to generate a valid copyright transaction contract. In another embodiment, the copyright platform returns that the copyright transaction contract of the copyright requester does not yet contain the copyright provider's signature information. Only after receiving confirmation from the copyright requester will the copyright platform uniformly add the signature information of both the copyright requester and the copyright provider to the copyright transaction contract to generate a valid copyright transaction contract.

[0212] S1806: Invoke the blockchain platform to store the valid copyright transaction contract, and transfer the target copyright through the copyright management contract deployed in the blockchain platform, so that the copyright demander can obtain the target copyright.

[0213] The blockchain platform access mentioned in the embodiments of this specification specifically refers to the copyright platform initiating a request for evidence storage of the copyright transaction contract and a request for copyright transfer of the target copyright to the blockchain platform. The evidence storage request may carry the original file of the valid copyright transaction contract or the corresponding hash value, while the copyright transfer request needs to carry the target copyright, the identity information of the copyright requester, and the identity information of the copyright provider.

[0214] In the case where the blockchain platform only contains a blockchain network, the two processes involved in calling the blockchain platform in this specification—namely, the notarization of the valid copyright transaction contract and the copyright transfer of the target copyright through the copyright management contract deployed on the blockchain platform—are implemented based on different blockchain transactions. The former is achieved by the copyright platform initiating a blockchain notarization transaction to the blockchain platform for notarizing the valid copyright transaction contract, while the latter is achieved by the copyright platform initiating a copyright transfer transaction to the blockchain platform for calling the copyright management contract to transfer the target copyright. That is, both the notarization request and the copyright transfer request take the form of blockchain transactions. For two blockchain transactions initiated by the copyright platform for executing the same copyright transaction business, the initiator is set as the blockchain account corresponding to the copyright requester, so as to identify the data provider of the on-chain data and provide clues for determining the data source. At the same time, since the copyright transaction behavior corresponding to the copyright requester is anchored on the blockchain, it is convenient for subsequent verification and tracing.

[0215] In a blockchain platform that includes a management platform and a blockchain network, the notarization request from the copyright platform is first sent to the management platform, which then initiates a blockchain notarization transaction with the blockchain network. Simultaneously, the copyright transfer request from the copyright platform is also first sent to the management platform, which generates a corresponding copyright transfer transaction based on the request and finally initiates the transaction with the blockchain network. Since the specific notarization and copyright transfer processes have been described in detail in the aforementioned embodiments of this specification regarding the blockchain-based copyright registration and copyright transfer schemes, they will not be elaborated upon here.

[0216] Optionally, if the copyright transfer of the target copyright is successful, the valid copyright transaction contract is notarized. Regardless of the architecture of the blockchain platform, when calling the blockchain platform, the blockchain network will receive at least two blockchain transactions with different functions. If the management platform or copyright platform does not initiate the two blockchain transactions to the blockchain network in a certain order, it may cause some unnecessary troubles. For example, if the notarization transaction is initiated to the blockchain network first and the copyright transfer transaction is initiated later, it is very likely that the valid copyright transaction contract has been notarized on the chain, but the copyright transfer fails. For example, the copyright management contract determines that the copyright provider does not meet the transfer conditions, thus causing the copyright transfer to fail, and ultimately causing the execution of this copyright transaction to fail. However, since the valid copyright transaction contract has been on the chain and cannot be tampered with, it will not only occupy on-chain space, but may also mislead other querying parties into believing that the copyright transaction corresponding to the valid copyright transaction contract has been successfully executed, increasing unnecessary maintenance and management costs and the risk of information misrepresentation. Therefore, it is necessary to restrict the order of initiation and execution of blockchain transactions. For example, only after confirming that the copyright transfer guided by the copyright transfer exchange has been successfully executed (by listening to the information in the transaction receipt corresponding to the copyright transfer transaction) should a notarization transaction be initiated to the blockchain network. This can ensure that a valid copyright transaction contract will only be notarized on the blockchain after the copyright transfer has been successfully completed, thereby improving the rationality of the copyright transaction business execution process and avoiding additional maintenance and management costs and the risk of information misrepresentation.

[0217] This specification provides an example of a blockchain-based copyright transaction solution that enables users to conduct copyright transactions while ensuring trustworthiness. It achieves fully online processing of copyright transactions, avoiding the inefficiency and high costs of offline processing, meeting users' needs for urgent copyright transactions, improving user experience, improving the supply and demand channels for copyrights, and contributing to the healthy development of the copyright transaction market.

[0218] Optionally, obtaining the transaction information of the copyright requester for the target copyright includes: performing real-name authentication on the copyright requester; and obtaining the transaction information of the copyright requester for the target copyright when the copyright requester passes the real-name authentication. In this embodiment, since the copyright provider has already performed real-name authentication, only the identity of the copyright requester needs to be verified. The copyright requester needs to pass real-name authentication first so that the copyright platform can confirm the true identity of the copyright requester. Only then can the copyright requester obtain the copyright registration service provided by the copyright platform. That is, only then will the copyright transaction request sent by the copyright requester to the copyright platform through the client be responded to by the copyright platform. Through this embodiment, the authenticity of the copyright requester's identity during the copyright transaction process can be ensured, thereby reducing security risks.

[0219] Optionally, the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user, wherein each user includes the copyright demander and the copyright provider; the copyright transfer of the target copyright through the copyright management contract deployed in the blockchain platform includes: initiating a copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform to invoke the copyright management contract, so that the blockchain platform adds the target copyright to the set of copyright holding information corresponding to the copyright demander in the contract state when the copyright provider meets the transfer conditions for the target copyright.

[0220] This embodiment combines a blockchain-based copyright transfer scheme mentioned in the foregoing embodiments of this specification, integrating copyright transfer based on copyright management contracts with copyright transaction business in practical applications. This allows the legality of copyright transactions to be detected by detecting the legality of copyright transfer. Furthermore, since the contract status maintained by the copyright management contract contains copyright holding information corresponding to each user, this embodiment uses smart contracts to integrate information on the copyright holding status of each user, facilitating users to query relevant information subsequently.

[0221] Optionally, the transfer condition includes: the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider contains the target copyright. In this embodiment of the specification, the copyright provider needs to satisfy the condition that its corresponding copyright holding information set contains the transfer copyright for the copyright transfer to be considered legal, so as to continue to execute the logic of subsequent copyright transfers. This means that the necessary condition for the copyright provider to transfer the copyright is that the copyright provider already holds the target copyright. By setting this necessary condition in the transfer conditions, the blockchain platform can avoid responding to illegal copyright transfer requests, thereby improving the user experience.

[0222] Optionally, the copyright transfer request includes a copyright transfer request for transferring the target copyright held by the copyright provider to the copyright requester, or a copyright licensing request for authorizing the target copyright held by the copyright provider to the copyright requester. Similar to the content described in the foregoing embodiments of this specification regarding a blockchain-based copyright transfer scheme, based on the specific circumstances of copyright transfer in reality and relevant legal provisions, copyright transfer can be divided into copyright transfer and copyright licensing. For a detailed description, please refer to the foregoing embodiments; further details will not be repeated here.

[0223] Optionally, the transfer conditions include: when the copyright transfer request is a copyright assignment request, the copyright holder corresponding to the target copyright in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider is the copyright provider. Similar to the content described in the aforementioned embodiments of this specification regarding a blockchain-based copyright transfer scheme, this embodiment takes into account the legal requirement that "copyright transfer must obtain the permission of the copyright holder." By setting the aforementioned judgment conditions regarding the copyright holder in the transfer conditions, it can avoid the blockchain platform responding to illegal copyright transfer requests, thereby improving user experience.

[0224] Optionally, the transfer conditions include: when the copyright transfer request is a copyright assignment request, the effective authorization record corresponding to the target copyright in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider is empty. Similar to the content described in the aforementioned embodiments of this specification regarding a blockchain-based copyright transfer scheme, this embodiment uses the emptiness of the effective authorization record of the target copyright as a condition for determining whether the copyright transfer is successful. This is equivalent to the default setting that a transfer can only be carried out if the target copyright has not yet been authorized to anyone else. This setting ensures that complex nepotism will not arise after the copyright transfer, improves the purity of the copyright transfer business, and meets the actual needs of users.

[0225] Optionally, the transfer conditions include: when the copyright transfer request is the copyright authorization request, the copyright holder corresponding to the target copyright in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider is the copyright provider, or the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider contains a sub-license for the target copyright. Similar to the content described in the foregoing embodiments of this specification regarding a blockchain-based copyright transfer scheme, this specification embodiment, considering the relevant legal provisions on copyright authorization initiators, sets the aforementioned judgment conditions for copyright holders and sub-licenses for the target copyright in the transfer conditions, thereby avoiding calls to the blockchain platform to respond to illegal copyright authorization requests and improving user experience.

[0226] Optionally, the transfer conditions include: when the copyright transfer request is the copyright authorization request, the effective authorization record corresponding to the target copyright in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider does not include exclusive licenses or sole licenses. Similar to the content described in the aforementioned embodiments of this specification regarding a blockchain-based copyright transfer scheme, this embodiment takes into account the legal provisions corresponding to exclusive licenses or sole licenses. By setting the above-mentioned judgment conditions regarding exclusive licenses or sole licenses in the transfer conditions, it can avoid the blockchain platform responding to illegal copyright authorization requests, thereby improving user experience.

[0227] Optionally, it also includes: if the valid copyright transaction contract is successfully registered and the target copyright is successfully transferred, returning a copyright transaction work information package to the copyright requester, wherein the copyright transaction work information package includes the valid copyright transaction contract and / or the work file corresponding to the target copyright.

[0228] As described in the aforementioned embodiments of the blockchain-based copyright registration scheme, the copyright platform can confirm that a valid copyright contract has been stored on the blockchain platform by checking transaction receipts or searching the blockchain ledger. Similarly, the copyright platform can also determine that the target copyright has been successfully transferred by checking transaction receipts or querying the corresponding contract status in the copyright management contract. Once the copyright platform confirms that the valid copyright transaction contract has been successfully stored and the target copyright has been successfully transferred, it will return a copyright transaction information package to the client corresponding to the copyright requester. This allows the copyright requester to obtain the valid copyright transaction contract and / or the corresponding work file and other copyright materials, thus completing the "delivery" process. Of course, if the copyright transaction information package contains the work file corresponding to the target copyright, it means that the copyright platform has pre-stored the work file corresponding to the target copyright. For example, this work file may have been registered using the blockchain-based copyright registration scheme mentioned in the aforementioned embodiments of this specification and recorded in the corresponding copyright registration project in the copyright platform.

[0229] Optionally, it also includes: if the valid copyright transaction contract is successfully registered and the target copyright is successfully transferred, settling the transaction resources used by the copyright requester to acquire the target copyright to the copyright provider. In this embodiment, when the copyright requester initiates a transaction for the target copyright to the copyright platform, it needs to pay the corresponding transaction resources, which are temporarily frozen on the copyright platform. After the copyright platform successfully executes the copyright transaction initiated by the copyright requester, it needs to further settle the transaction resources paid by the copyright requester to acquire the copyright to the copyright provider, thereby completing the "payment" process. The transaction resources involved in this embodiment may include real currency, virtual currency, or collateral. In one embodiment, after a copyright transaction is successfully executed, when settling the frozen transaction resources of the copyright requester to the copyright provider, the copyright platform may also charge a certain handling fee as a maintenance fee or profit for platform operation.

[0230] Figure 19 This is a flowchart illustrating another blockchain-based copyright transaction method according to an exemplary embodiment, which is applied to... Figure 1 The blockchain platform shown; the method includes the following steps:

[0231] S1902: Based on the call of the copyright platform, the valid copyright transaction contract is stored, and the target copyright is transferred through the copyright management contract deployed in the blockchain platform, so that the copyright demander can obtain the target copyright;

[0232] Specifically, the transaction information for the target copyright is provided by the copyright requester to the copyright platform, so that the copyright platform returns the copyright transaction contract corresponding to the target copyright, generated based on the transaction information, to the copyright requester. The valid copyright transaction contract is generated by the copyright platform by adding the signature information of the copyright requester to the copyright transaction contract when the copyright requester confirms that the copyright transaction contract is correct. The valid copyright transaction contract also contains the signature information of the copyright provider corresponding to the target copyright.

[0233] Figure 20 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another blockchain-based copyright transaction method according to an exemplary embodiment of this specification, which is applied to... Figure 1 The client corresponding to the copyright requester shown; the method includes the following steps:

[0234] S2002: Send transaction information for the target copyright to the copyright platform, so that the copyright platform returns the copyright transaction contract corresponding to the target copyright generated based on the transaction information to the client.

[0235] S2004: Upon confirming the correctness of the received copyright transaction contract, a confirmation message is sent to the copyright platform to enable the copyright platform to add the signature information of the copyright requester to the copyright transaction contract to generate a valid copyright transaction contract. The platform then invokes a blockchain platform to store the valid copyright transaction contract and uses a copyright management contract deployed on the blockchain platform to transfer the target copyright, enabling the copyright requester to acquire the target copyright. The valid copyright transaction contract also includes the signature information of the copyright provider corresponding to the target copyright.

[0236] The following is based on Figure 1 Taking the example of a client of a copyright demander calling a copyright platform to conduct a copyright transaction, this manual provides a detailed explanation of the blockchain-based copyright transaction scheme. Figure 21 This specification illustrates an interactive flowchart of a blockchain-based copyright transaction method according to an exemplary embodiment. It assumes the blockchain platform includes a management platform and a blockchain network. Please refer to... Figure 21 The blockchain-based copyright transaction solution described in this specification can be implemented through the cooperation between the client corresponding to the copyright requester, the copyright platform, the management platform, and the blockchain network. This method may include the following steps:

[0237] S2101: The copyright platform initiates a real-name authentication challenge to the client corresponding to the copyright requester in order to collect and verify the true identity of the copyright requester.

[0238] S2102: The copyright requester provides the necessary identity verification information to the copyright platform through the client, so that the copyright platform can verify the identity verification information. After the copyright platform confirms that the copyright requester's true identity is credible, it will grant the copyright requester the right to enjoy copyright business services, thereby enabling the copyright platform to receive copyright business requests from the client corresponding to the copyright requester.

[0239] S2103: The user sends a copyright transaction request to the copyright platform through the client. The copyright transaction request includes transaction information for the target copyright and the transaction resources paid for the target copyright. The transaction information includes basic information of the target copyright, identity information of the copyright requester, identity information of the copyright provider of the target copyright, and transaction type.

[0240] S2104: The copyright platform generates an electronic copyright transaction contract based on the copyright transaction request from the copyright requester. The signature field corresponding to the copyright provider in this contract has been updated with the copyright provider's signature information; that is, all blank fields except the signature field corresponding to the copyright requester have been filled in. Simultaneously, the acquired transaction resources are temporarily frozen on the copyright platform. Next, the copyright platform returns the copyright transaction contract to the client and simultaneously initiates a signature authorization request to the client.

[0241] S2105: After receiving the copyright transaction contract through the client, the user checks the correctness of the copyright transaction contract. After confirming that there are no errors, the user sends a confirmation message to the copyright platform to indicate that the copyright requester has authorized the copyright platform to sign the rights statement on behalf of the copyright requester.

[0242] S2106: After receiving the confirmation message, the copyright platform adds a digital signature to the rights statement through the digital identity seal pre-hosted by the copyright requester on the copyright platform to generate a valid copyright transaction contract. At this point, the valid copyright transaction contract has legal effect.

[0243] S2107: The copyright platform sends a copyright transfer request and a notarization request to the management platform. The copyright transfer request is generated based on transaction information and carries the identity information of the target copyright, the copyright requester, and the copyright provider, instructing the management platform to assist in the copyright transfer of the target copyright in accordance with the record in the valid copyright transaction contract. The notarization request carries the hash value corresponding to the valid copyright transaction contract, instructing the management platform to assist in the on-chain notarization of the hash value.

[0244] S2108: The management platform generates corresponding copyright transfer transactions and blockchain evidence storage transactions based on the received copyright transfer requests and evidence storage requests, and first sends the copyright transfer transactions to the blockchain network to invoke the copyright management contract in the blockchain network.

[0245] S2109: The copyright management contract in the blockchain network checks whether the copyright provider meets the transfer conditions based on the received copyright transfer transaction. If the transfer conditions are met, the target copyright is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright requester in the contract state, thereby completing the copyright transfer process. After the copyright transfer process is completed, the copyright requester has substantially acquired the target copyright.

[0246] S2110: The management platform monitors transaction receipts for copyright transfers. Upon detecting a successful copyright transfer, it initiates a blockchain-based notarized transaction to the blockchain network. Since this notarized transaction carries the hash value corresponding to the valid copyright transaction contract, once the blockchain network reaches consensus, executes, and uploads the transaction, it signifies that the valid copyright transaction contract has been notarized. The management platform can monitor the blockchain network when new blocks are generated. Upon detecting a notarized transaction, it can confirm that the valid copyright transaction contract has been successfully notarized on the blockchain.

[0247] S2111: When the management platform detects that a valid copyright transaction contract has been successfully uploaded to the blockchain for notarization, it indicates that the copyright transaction-related business has been completed. At this time, it will return a business success message to the copyright platform to indicate that the copyright transfer request and notarization request previously sent by the copyright platform have been successfully processed.

[0248] S2112: After receiving the successful transaction message, the business platform can confirm that the valid copyright transaction contract has been successfully registered and the target copyright has been successfully transferred. Then, the temporarily frozen transaction resources will be settled to the resource account corresponding to the copyright provider, thereby completing the payment process of the copyright transaction.

[0249] S2113: The business platform returns a copyright transaction information package to the copyright requester. This package includes a valid copyright transaction contract and the corresponding work files for the target copyright, thus completing the copyright transaction delivery process. To date, the copyright platform has fully executed a complete set of reliable online copyright transaction procedures for user-initiated copyright transaction requests.

[0250] like Figure 22 As shown, Figure 22 This specification is a block diagram illustrating a blockchain-based copyright transaction device according to an exemplary embodiment. This device can be applied to, for example... Figure 6The device shown is used to implement the blockchain-based copyright transaction scheme described in this specification. The device is applied to a copyright platform and includes:

[0251] The transaction acquisition unit 2201 is used to acquire transaction information of the copyright demander for the target copyright, and generate a copyright transaction contract corresponding to the target copyright based on the transaction information;

[0252] The valid copyright transaction contract generation unit 2202 is used to return the copyright transaction contract to the copyright requester, and, if the copyright requester confirms that the copyright transaction contract is correct, add the signature information of the copyright requester to the copyright transaction contract to generate a valid copyright transaction contract. The valid copyright transaction contract also includes the signature information of the copyright provider corresponding to the target copyright.

[0253] The blockchain invocation unit 2203 is used to invoke the blockchain platform to store the valid copyright transaction contract and to transfer the target copyright through the copyright management contract deployed in the blockchain platform, so that the copyright demander can obtain the target copyright.

[0254] Optionally, the transaction acquisition unit 2201 is specifically used for:

[0255] Real-name authentication is required for the copyright requesters.

[0256] If the copyright requester has passed real-name authentication, the transaction information of the copyright requester for the target copyright is obtained.

[0257] Optionally, the copyright transaction contract includes a copyright transfer transaction contract for transferring the target copyright held by the copyright provider to the copyright provider, or a copyright licensing transaction contract for licensing the target copyright held by the copyright provider to the copyright demander.

[0258] Optionally, the blockchain invocation unit 2203 is specifically used for:

[0259] If the copyright transfer of the target copyright is successful, the valid copyright transaction contract shall be preserved.

[0260] Optionally, the contract status maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user; the blockchain invocation unit 2203 is specifically used for:

[0261] A copyright transfer request is initiated to the blockchain platform to invoke the copyright management contract, so that the blockchain platform adds the target copyright to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright requester in the contract status if the copyright provider meets the transfer conditions for the target copyright.

[0262] Optionally, the circulation conditions include:

[0263] The target copyright is included in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider.

[0264] Optionally, the copyright transfer request may include a copyright transfer request for transferring the target copyright held by the copyright provider to the copyright demander, or a copyright licensing request for licensing the target copyright held by the copyright provider to the copyright demander.

[0265] Optionally, the circulation conditions include:

[0266] In the case where the copyright transfer request is the copyright assignment request, the copyright holder corresponding to the target copyright in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider is the copyright provider.

[0267] Optionally, the circulation conditions include:

[0268] In the case where the copyright transfer request is the copyright assignment request, the effective authorization record corresponding to the target copyright in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider is empty.

[0269] Optionally, the circulation conditions include:

[0270] In the case where the copyright transfer request is the copyright authorization request, the copyright holder corresponding to the target copyright in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider is the copyright provider, or the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider contains a sublicense for the target copyright.

[0271] Optionally, the circulation conditions include:

[0272] In the case where the copyright transfer request is the copyright authorization request, the effective authorization records corresponding to the target copyright in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright provider do not include exclusive licenses or sole licenses.

[0273] Optional, also includes:

[0274] The transaction work information package return unit 2204 is used to return a copyright transaction work information package to the copyright requester when the valid copyright transaction contract is successfully notarized and the target copyright is successfully transferred. The copyright transaction work information package includes the valid copyright transaction contract and / or the work file corresponding to the target copyright.

[0275] Optional, also includes:

[0276] The transaction settlement unit 2205 is used to settle the transaction resources used by the copyright requester to obtain the target copyright to the copyright provider when the valid copyright transaction contract is successfully notarized and the target copyright is successfully transferred.

[0277] like Figure 23 As shown, Figure 23 This is a block diagram illustrating another blockchain-based copyright transaction device according to an exemplary embodiment, which can be applied to, for example... Figure 6 The device shown is used to implement the blockchain-based copyright transaction scheme described in this specification. The device is applied to a blockchain platform and includes:

[0278] The copyright transaction processing unit 2301 is used to store valid copyright transaction contracts based on the call of the copyright platform, and to transfer the target copyright through the copyright management contract deployed in the blockchain platform, so that the copyright demand party can obtain the target copyright;

[0279] Specifically, the transaction information for the target copyright is provided by the copyright requester to the copyright platform, so that the copyright platform returns the copyright transaction contract corresponding to the target copyright, generated based on the transaction information, to the copyright requester. The valid copyright transaction contract is generated by the copyright platform by adding the signature information of the copyright requester to the copyright transaction contract when the copyright requester confirms that the copyright transaction contract is correct. The valid copyright transaction contract also contains the signature information of the copyright provider corresponding to the target copyright.

[0280] like Figure 24 As shown, Figure 24 This is a block diagram illustrating yet another blockchain-based copyright transaction device according to an exemplary embodiment, which can be applied to, for example... Figure 6 The device shown is used to implement the blockchain-based copyright transaction scheme described in this specification. This device is applied to the client corresponding to the copyright requester, and the device includes:

[0281] The transaction sending unit 2401 is used to send transaction information for a target copyright to the copyright platform, so that the copyright platform returns the copyright transaction contract corresponding to the target copyright generated based on the transaction information to the client.

[0282] The copyright transaction contract confirmation unit 2402 is used to send a confirmation message to the copyright platform when the received copyright transaction contract is confirmed to be correct, so that the copyright platform adds the signature information of the copyright requester to the copyright transaction contract to generate a valid copyright transaction contract, and calls the blockchain platform to store the valid copyright transaction contract, and transfers the target copyright through the copyright management contract deployed in the blockchain platform, so that the copyright requester can obtain the target copyright. The valid copyright transaction contract also contains the signature information of the copyright provider corresponding to the target copyright.

[0283] like Figure 25 As shown, Figure 25 This specification illustrates a structural diagram of a blockchain-based copyright transaction system according to an exemplary embodiment. The system includes:

[0284] Client 2501 is used to generate transaction information for the target copyright;

[0285] Copyright platform 2502 is used to receive the transaction information sent by the client, return the copyright transaction contract corresponding to the target copyright generated based on the transaction information to the client, and add the signature information of the copyright requester to the copyright transaction contract to generate a valid copyright transaction contract when the copyright requester confirms that the copyright transaction contract is correct. The valid copyright transaction contract also includes the signature information of the copyright provider corresponding to the target copyright.

[0286] Blockchain platform 2503 is used to store the valid copyright transaction contract according to the call of the copyright platform, and to transfer the target copyright through the copyright management contract deployed in the blockchain platform, so that the copyright demander can obtain the target copyright.

[0287] Accordingly, this specification also provides an apparatus comprising a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to implement the steps of the blockchain-based copyright transaction method provided in all the above method embodiments.

[0288] Accordingly, this specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium having executable instructions stored thereon; wherein, when executed by a processor, the instructions implement the steps of the blockchain-based copyright transaction method provided in all the above-described method embodiments.

[0289] For the device embodiments, since they basically correspond to the method embodiments, the relevant parts can be referred to in the description of the method embodiments. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of the solution in this specification according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0290] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer, which can take the form of a personal computer, laptop computer, cellular phone, camera phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant, media player, navigation device, email sending and receiving device, game console, tablet computer, wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0291] In a typical configuration, a computer includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0292] Memory may include non-persistent storage in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0293] Computer-readable media, including both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, disk storage, quantum memory, graphene-based storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0294] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0295] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0296] The terminology used in one or more embodiments of this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification. The singular forms “a,” “described,” and “the” used in one or more embodiments of this specification and in the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0297] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of this specification, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "in response to a determination," or "when," or "in the event of a determination."

[0298] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of one or more embodiments of this specification and is not intended to limit the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification should be included within the protection scope of one or more embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based copyright transfer method, applied to a blockchain platform, wherein the blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user; wherein, The copyright holding information set stores information describing the copyright holding status of each user; the method includes: Receive a copyright transfer request, wherein the copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee; Based on the copyright transfer request, the copyright management contract is invoked to add the copyright to be transferred to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred. The transfer conditions include: the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains the copyright to be transferred; and the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor by the copyright transferor through a copyright registration request that invokes the copyright management contract.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the copyright transfer request includes a copyright transfer request for transferring the copyright to be transferred held by the copyright transferor to the copyright transferee, or a copyright authorization request for authorizing the copyright to be transferred held by the copyright transferor to the copyright transferee.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the circulation conditions include: In the case where the copyright transfer request is the copyright assignment request, the copyright holder in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright to be transferred is the copyright transferor.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the circulation conditions include: In the case where the copyright transfer request is the copyright assignment request, the effective authorization record corresponding to the copyright to be transferred in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor is empty.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the circulation conditions include: When the copyright transfer request is the copyright licensing request, the copyright holder in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor is the copyright transferor, or the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains a sublicense for the copyright to be transferred.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the circulation conditions include: When the copyright transfer request is the copyright authorization request, the effective authorization records corresponding to the copyright to be transferred in the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor do not include exclusive licenses or sole licenses.

7. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: If the copyright transfer request is a copyright assignment request, delete the copyright to be transferred from the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Receive copyright registration requests, wherein the copyright registration requests include the copyright to be registered and the identity information of the copyright registrant; The copyright registration request is invoked to call the copyright management contract to add the copyright to be registered to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright registrant.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sender of the copyright transfer request is a copyright platform, and the copyright platform is used to initiate the copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform upon obtaining the copyright transfer needs of the copyright transferor and the copyright transferee for the copyright to be transferred; or, The sender of the copyright transfer request is either the copyright transferor or the copyright transferee.

10. A blockchain-based copyright transfer method, applied to a copyright platform connected to a blockchain platform, wherein the blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user; wherein, The copyright holding information set stores information describing the copyright holding status of each user; the method includes: Receive copyright transfer requests from users, generate copyright transfer requests based on the copyright transfer requests, and the copyright transfer requests include the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee; The copyright transfer request is sent to the blockchain platform, so that the blockchain platform invokes the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request. This allows the copyright to be transferred to be added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract state, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred. The transfer conditions include: the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains the copyright to be transferred; and the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor by invoking the copyright management contract through a copyright registration request initiated by the copyright transferor.

11. A blockchain-based copyright transfer method, applied to a user's corresponding client, wherein the client is connected to a blockchain platform, the blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user; wherein, The copyright holding information set stores information describing the copyright holding status of each user; the method includes: Generate a copyright transfer request, which includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor, and the identity information of the copyright transferee; The copyright transfer request is sent to the blockchain platform, which then invokes the copyright management contract based on the request. If the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred, the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status. The transfer conditions include: the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains the copyright to be transferred; and the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor by invoking the copyright management contract through a copyright registration request initiated by the copyright transferor.

12. A blockchain-based copyright transfer device, applied to a blockchain platform, wherein the blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user; wherein, The copyright holding information set stores information describing the copyright holding status of each user; the device includes: A copyright transfer request receiving unit is used to receive a copyright transfer request, wherein the copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee; A copyright management contract invocation unit is used to invoke the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, so as to add the copyright to be transferred to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract status, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred; wherein, the transfer conditions include: the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains the copyright to be transferred; the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor by the copyright transferor invoking the copyright management contract through a copyright registration request initiated by the copyright transferor.

13. A blockchain-based copyright transfer device, applied to a copyright platform, wherein the copyright platform is connected to a blockchain platform, the blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract status maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user; wherein, The copyright holding information set stores information describing the copyright holding status of each user; the device includes: A copyright transfer request receiving unit is used to receive copyright transfer requests provided by users and generate copyright transfer requests based on the copyright transfer requests. The copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee. A copyright transfer request sending unit is used to send the copyright transfer request to the blockchain platform, so that the blockchain platform invokes the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request, and adds the copyright to be transferred to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract state, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred; wherein, the transfer conditions include: the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains the copyright to be transferred; the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor by the copyright transferor invoking the copyright management contract through a copyright registration request initiated by the copyright transferor.

14. A blockchain-based copyright transfer device, applied to a user's corresponding client, wherein the client is connected to a blockchain platform, the blockchain platform deploys a copyright management contract, and the contract state maintained by the copyright management contract includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user; wherein, The copyright holding information set stores information describing the copyright holding status of each user; the device includes: A copyright transfer request generation unit is used to generate a copyright transfer request, wherein the copyright transfer request includes the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee; A copyright transfer request sending unit is used to send the copyright transfer request to a blockchain platform, so that the blockchain platform invokes the copyright management contract based on the copyright transfer request. This allows the platform to add the copyright to be transferred to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract state, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred. The transfer conditions include: the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains the copyright to be transferred; and the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor by invoking the copyright management contract through a copyright registration request initiated by the copyright transferor.

15. A blockchain-based copyright transfer system, comprising: The client is used to generate copyright transfer requirements; The copyright platform is used to receive copyright transfer requests sent by the client and generate copyright transfer requests based on the copyright transfer requests. The copyright transfer requests include the copyright to be transferred, the identity information of the copyright transferor and the identity information of the copyright transferee. A blockchain platform is deployed with a copyright management contract. The copyright management contract maintains a contract state that includes a set of copyright holding information corresponding to each user. This set of copyright holding information stores information describing the copyright holding status of each user. The blockchain platform receives copyright transfer requests sent by the copyright platform and, based on these requests, invokes the copyright management contract to add the copyright to be transferred to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferee in the contract state, provided that the copyright transferor meets the transfer conditions for the copyright to be transferred. The transfer conditions include: the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor contains the copyright to be transferred; and the copyright to be transferred is added to the copyright holding information set corresponding to the copyright transferor by invoking the copyright management contract through a copyright registration request initiated by the copyright transferor.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-11 by executing the executable instructions.

17. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, this instruction implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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