Anti-glare film

Abstract

This invention provides an optical laminate applicable to image display devices with camera functions, capable of performing polarization and anti-glare functions without hindering camera functionality. The optical laminate of this invention comprises: an anti-glare film and a polarizer disposed on one side of the anti-glare film; the anti-glare film comprises: a transparent substrate and an anti-glare layer disposed on at least one surface of the transparent substrate, the anti-glare layer being composed of an anti-glare region and a non-anti-glare region; the polarizer includes a polarizer having a non-polarized portion; the anti-glare film and the polarizer are laminated such that at least a portion of the non-anti-glare region of the anti-glare film overlaps with at least a portion of the non-polarized portion of the polarizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an anti-glare film. Background Technology

[0002] Image display devices such as mobile phones and laptop personal computers (PCs) sometimes incorporate internal electronic components such as cameras. Various studies have been conducted to improve the camera performance of these image display devices (e.g., Patent Documents 1-7). For example, with the continuous diversification of image display device shapes, exemplified by narrower bezels, and the requirement to fully utilize camera performance according to the diverse shapes of image display devices, polarizers with partial polarizing properties are being researched to address this. Such polarizers are configured such that they partially eliminate polarization at the location where the camera lens is positioned, allowing the camera to function at that location, while functioning as a polarizer at other locations. However, when these polarizers are applied to anti-glare image display devices, i.e., when combined with an anti-glare film, blurry images occur.

[0003] Existing technical documents

[0004] Patent documents

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2011-81315

[0006] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-241314

[0007] Patent Document 3: U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0212555

[0008] Patent Document 4: Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0118205

[0009] Patent Document 5: Korean Patent No. 10-1293210

[0010] Patent Document 6: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-137738

[0011] Patent Document 7: U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014 / 0118826 Summary of the Invention

[0012] The technical problem that the invention aims to solve

[0013] The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and its purpose is to provide an optical laminate that can be applied to an image display device with camera function and can perform polarization and anti-glare functions without hindering the camera function.

[0014] Means for solving technical problems

[0015] The optical laminate of the present invention includes an anti-glare film and a polarizer disposed on one side of the anti-glare film. The anti-glare film includes a transparent substrate and an anti-glare layer disposed on at least one surface of the transparent substrate. The anti-glare layer is composed of an anti-glare region and a non-anti-glare region. The polarizer includes a polarizer having a non-polarized portion. The anti-glare film and the polarizer are laminated in such a way that at least a portion of the non-anti-glare region in the anti-glare film overlaps with at least a portion of the non-polarized portion in the polarizer.

[0016] In one embodiment, the non-glare-proof area is a through hole in the anti-glare layer.

[0017] In one embodiment, in the non-anti-glare area, the surface of the anti-glare layer opposite to the transparent substrate is a smooth surface.

[0018] Invention Effects

[0019] According to the present invention, an optical laminate that can be applied to an image display device with camera function and can perform polarization and anti-glare functions without hindering the camera function can be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic top view of an optical laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical laminate according to another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] A. Overview of Optical Laminates

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic top view of an optical laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention. Furthermore, for ease of observation, the lengths, thicknesses, and irregularities of the layers shown in the figure differ from the actual scaled-down representation. The optical laminate 100 includes an anti-glare film 110 and a polarizer 120 disposed on one side of the anti-glare film 110.

[0025] The anti-glare film 110 includes a transparent substrate 10 and an anti-glare layer 20 disposed on at least one surface of the transparent substrate 10. The anti-glare layer 20 is composed of an anti-glare area 21 and a non-anti-glare area 22. The anti-glare area 21 is the area that functions as an anti-glare layer 20 by providing anti-glare properties. On the other hand, the non-anti-glare area 22 is the area in a portion of the top-view area of ​​the anti-glare layer 20 that is excluded from functioning as an anti-glare layer 20, that is, the area that does not have anti-glare properties (or has lower anti-glare properties than the anti-glare area). In one embodiment, the anti-glare area 21 and the non-anti-glare area 22 are distinguished by a difference in haze value.

[0026] In one implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the non-anti-glare area 22 can be a through hole in the anti-glare layer.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical laminate according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this optical laminate 200, in the anti-glare region 21 of the anti-glare film 110 (anti-glare layer 20), the surface of the anti-glare layer 20 opposite to the transparent substrate 10 is uneven, while in the non-anti-glare region 22, the surface of the anti-glare layer 20 opposite to the transparent substrate 10 is smooth. In this specification, "smooth surface" refers to a surface with an arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of 0.01 μm or less.

[0028] The polarizer 120 described above includes a polarizer 30. The polarizer 120 typically includes a polarizer 30 and a protective film 40 disposed on at least one side of the polarizer 30. The polarizer 30 has a non-polarizing portion 31, which is a portion that does not have a polarizing function. In one embodiment, the polarizer 30 has a transparent portion 31 with relatively high transmittance. Specifically, a transparent portion 31 with higher transmittance than other portions is formed in the polarizer 30. The transparent portion 31 can function as a non-polarizing portion.

[0029] The non-anti-glare region 22 in the anti-glare film 110 and the non-polarized portion 31 in the polarizer 120 are located at the same position when viewed from above. More specifically, in this invention, the anti-glare film 110 and the polarizer 120 are stacked in such a way that at least a portion (when viewed from above) of the non-anti-glare region 22 in the anti-glare film 110 and the non-polarized portion 31 in the polarizer 120 overlap.

[0030] Although not illustrated, the anti-glare film 110 and the polarizer 120 can be laminated by an adhesive layer containing any suitable adhesive or bonding agent. Preferably, the non-anti-glare region 22 in the anti-glare film 110 and the non-polarized portion 31 in the polarizer 120 are aligned with good positional accuracy. For example, when laminating the anti-glare film 110 and the polarizer 120, the alignment of the non-anti-glare region 22 in the anti-glare film 110 and the non-polarized portion 31 in the polarizer 120 can be based on the offset of the non-anti-glare region 22 and the non-polarized portion 31 (e.g., the total area of ​​the inconsistent portions).

[0031] The optical laminate of the present invention, by laminating an anti-glare film having a non-anti-glare region and a polarizer having a non-polarizing region in an overlapping manner, is preferably used in an image display device with camera functionality. The optical laminate of the present invention is advantageous in that it provides both polarization and anti-glare functions without hindering camera functionality. The non-anti-glare region and the non-polarizing region can be positioned corresponding to the position of the camera lens in the image display device using the optical laminate; by providing such a non-anti-glare region and the non-polarizing region, clear image capture can be performed without obstructing camera functionality. On the other hand, the desired polarization function and anti-glare properties can be achieved in the anti-glare region (which is also the polarization function region); therefore, the optical laminate of the present invention is preferably used in an anti-glare type image display device.

[0032] The aforementioned optical laminate may further include any other suitable layers. For example, in an embodiment where the non-anti-glare area is a through-hole of the anti-glare layer, the anti-glare film may further include an outer coating layer and / or a low-reflection treatment layer, which is disposed on the side of the anti-glare layer opposite to the transparent substrate in the anti-glare area and on the side of the transparent substrate opposite to the anti-glare layer in the non-anti-glare area. Additionally, in an embodiment where the non-anti-glare area is a smooth surface, the anti-glare film may further include an outer coating layer and / or a low-reflection treatment layer, which is disposed on the side of the anti-glare layer opposite to the transparent substrate.

[0033] The thickness of the aforementioned optical laminate is preferably 45 μm to 500 μm, more preferably 65 μm to 450 μm, and even more preferably 85 μm to 400 μm.

[0034] B. Anti-glare film

[0035] The thickness of the aforementioned anti-glare film is preferably 20μm to 200μm, more preferably 40μm to 150μm, and even more preferably 60μm to 100μm.

[0036] In the anti-glare area, the haze value of the anti-glare film is preferably 5% to 80%, more preferably 15% to 60%.

[0037] In non-anti-glare areas, the haze value of the anti-glare film is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 3% or less.

[0038] The difference between the haze value of the anti-glare film at the anti-glare area and the haze value of the anti-glare film at the non-anti-glare area is preferably a specified value or higher. The difference between the haze value of the anti-glare film at the anti-glare area and the haze value of the anti-glare film at the non-anti-glare area is preferably 5% or higher, more preferably 10% to 70%.

[0039] Regarding the anti-glare film, the smaller the difference between Δab at the anti-glare area and Δab at the non-anti-glare area, the better. A smaller difference in Δab results in an anti-glare film with excellent visual uniformity. This difference in Δab is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 10 or less. The reflective hue can be measured, for example, using a Konica Minolta CM-2600d spectrophotometer (light source: D65). Δab can be determined by the reflective hue (a*, b*) and by using (a... 2 +b 2 ) 1 / 2 The formula can be used to derive the result.

[0040] (Anti-glare layer)

[0041] As described above, the anti-glare layer consists of an anti-glare area and a non-anti-glare area. Typically, in the anti-glare area, one surface of the anti-glare layer is uneven.

[0042] The number, arrangement, shape, and size of the non-anti-glare areas can be set to any suitable value. For example, the design can be based on the position, shape, and size of the camera unit of the image display device on which it is mounted. In this case, the non-anti-glare areas are preferably set to be approximately circular with a diameter of 10mm or less.

[0043] The arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the uneven surface in the anti-glare area is preferably 0.01 μm to 1 μm, more preferably 0.05 μm to 0.5 μm. If it is within this range, an anti-glare film with sufficient anti-glare properties and which does not obstruct the visibility of the image display device can be obtained.

[0044] Implementation method with a smooth surface in non-glare-proof areas ( Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the uneven surface in the non-glare-proof area is preferably 0.01 μm or less, more preferably 0.005 μm or less.

[0045] Additionally, an implementation method with a smooth surface in the non-anti-glare area ( Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the difference between the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the uneven surface in the anti-glare area and the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the uneven surface in the non-anti-glare area (arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the anti-glare area - arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the non-anti-glare area) is preferably a predetermined value or higher. This difference in arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra is preferably 0.05 μm or higher, more preferably 0.1 μm or higher.

[0046] The maximum height Ry of the uneven surface in the anti-glare area is preferably 0.5 μm to 5 μm, more preferably 1 μm to 3 μm. Within this range, an anti-glare film with sufficient anti-glare performance and without obstructing the visibility of the image display device can be obtained.

[0047] Implementation method with a smooth surface in non-glare-proof areas ( Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the maximum height Ry of the uneven surface in the non-glare-proof area is preferably 0.5 μm or less, more preferably 0.3 μm or less.

[0048] Additionally, an implementation method with a smooth surface in the non-anti-glare area ( Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the difference between the maximum height Ry of the uneven surface in the anti-glare area and the maximum height Ry of the uneven surface in the non-anti-glare area (maximum height Ry of the anti-glare area - maximum height Ry of the non-anti-glare area) is preferably a predetermined value or higher. This difference in maximum height Ry is preferably 0.1 μm or higher, more preferably 4.5 μm or higher.

[0049] The average tilt angle θa of the uneven surface in the anti-glare area is preferably 0.3° to 5°, more preferably 0.5° to 4°. Within this range, an anti-glare film with sufficient anti-glare properties and which does not obstruct the visibility of the image display device can be obtained.

[0050] Implementation method with a smooth surface in non-glare-proof areas ( Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the average tilt angle θa of the uneven surface in the non-glare-proof area is preferably 0.3° or less, and more preferably 0.1° or less.

[0051] Additionally, an implementation method with a smooth surface in the non-anti-glare area ( Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the difference between the average tilt angle θa of the uneven surface in the anti-glare area and the average tilt angle θa of the uneven surface in the non-anti-glare area (average tilt angle θa of the anti-glare area - average tilt angle θa of the non-anti-glare area) is preferably a predetermined value or higher. This difference in average tilt angle θa is preferably 0.5° or higher, and more preferably 1° or higher.

[0052] Furthermore, the definitions of the arithmetic surface roughness Ra, maximum height Ry, and average tilt angle θa for uneven surfaces are based on JIS B0601 (1994 edition). These characteristic values ​​can also be measured using a stylus-type surface roughness measuring instrument (e.g., the high-precision micro-shape measuring instrument manufactured by Kosaka Research Institute, trade name "Surfcorder ET4000"). The average tilt angle θa is calculated using θa = tan... -1 The value of Δa is defined by the formula. Δa is the sum of the differences (height h) between the vertices of adjacent convex parts and the lowest point of concave parts on the roughness curve as specified in JIS B 0601 (1994 edition), which is (h1+h2+h3+······+hn) divided by the reference length L of the roughness curve. That is, it is expressed by the formula Δa=(h1+h2+h3+·······+hn) / L.

[0053] The thickness of the anti-glare layer in the anti-glare area is preferably 1 μm to 20 μm, more preferably 3 μm to 15 μm, and even more preferably 5 μm to 10 μm. Within this range, an anti-glare film with sufficient anti-glare properties and which does not obstruct the visibility of the image display device can be obtained.

[0054] The smaller the difference in thickness between the anti-glare layer in the anti-glare area and the anti-glare layer in the non-anti-glare area, the better. If this thickness difference is small, an anti-glare film with excellent uniformity in appearance can be obtained. The difference in thickness between the anti-glare layer in the anti-glare area and the anti-glare layer in the non-anti-glare area is preferably 5 μm or less, more preferably 3 μm or less, and even more preferably 1 μm or less.

[0055] The anti-glare layer can be formed using any suitable material, provided that the effects of the present invention are achieved. The anti-glare layer preferably contains any suitable resin. In one embodiment, the anti-glare layer comprises an adhesive resin and particles. The anti-glare layer is formed, for example, by coating an anti-glare layer forming composition onto a transparent substrate and then curing the composition. The anti-glare layer forming composition may contain a curable compound, the aforementioned particles, etc.

[0056] In one embodiment, the adhesive resin is a resin derived from a curing compound, and examples of such resins include thermosetting resins and active energy line curing resins.

[0057] In the above-mentioned anti-glare layer forming composition, the curable compound as the main component preferably includes a multifunctional monomer, an oligomer derived from the multifunctional monomer, and / or a prepolymer derived from the multifunctional monomer. Examples of multifunctional monomers include tricyclodecanediethanol diacrylate, pentaerythritol di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol (meth)acrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1,10-decanediol (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polypropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate, isocyanurate tri(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated glycerol triacrylate, and ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate. Multifunctional monomers can be used alone or in combination.

[0058] The aforementioned multifunctional monomers may also have hydroxyl groups. Using a composition for forming an anti-glare layer containing a multifunctional monomer with hydroxyl groups can improve the adhesion between the transparent substrate and the anti-glare layer. Examples of multifunctional monomers with hydroxyl groups include pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate and dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate.

[0059] Regarding the content ratio of the aforementioned multifunctional monomer, oligomer from the multifunctional monomer, and prepolymer from the multifunctional monomer, relative to the total amount of monomer, oligomer, and prepolymer in the composition for forming the anti-glare layer, it is preferably 30% to 100% by weight, more preferably 40% to 95% by weight, and particularly preferably 50% to 95% by weight.

[0060] The composition for forming the anti-glare layer described above may further include a monofunctional monomer. Examples of monofunctional monomers include ethoxylated o-phenylphenol (meth)acrylate, methoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, phenoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, isostearyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxy acrylate, acryloylmorpholine, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, and hydroxyethylacrylamide.

[0061] The aforementioned monofunctional monomers may also have hydroxyl groups. Examples of monofunctional monomers with hydroxyl groups include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxy acrylate, 1,4-cyclohexaneethanol monoacrylate, and other hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate esters; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)(meth)acrylamide, N-hydroxymethyl(meth)acrylamide, and other N-(2-hydroxyalkyl)(meth)acrylamides. Among these, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide are preferred.

[0062] The above-mentioned anti-glare layer forming composition may also contain urethane (meth)acrylate and / or oligomers of urethane (meth)acrylate. Uranethane (meth)acrylate can be obtained, for example, by reacting a hydroxy methacrylate obtained from (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylate with a polyol with a diisocyanate. Uranethane (meth)acrylate and oligomers of urethane (meth)acrylate can be used alone or in combination.

[0063] Examples of the aforementioned (meth)acrylates include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, and cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate.

[0064] Examples of the aforementioned polyols include ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol hydroxypentanoate, tricyclodecanediethanol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, spirodiol, tricyclodecanediethanol, hydrogenated bisphenol A, ethylene oxide addition bisphenol A, propylene oxide addition bisphenol A, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, 3-methylpentane-1,3,5-triol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and glucose.

[0065] As the aforementioned diisocyanate, various aromatic, aliphatic, or alicyclic diisocyanates can be used, for example. Specific examples of the aforementioned diisocyanates include tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 4,4-diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4-diphenyl diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and their hydrides.

[0066] In one embodiment, as described above, the anti-glare layer comprises particles. By including these particles, the surface of the anti-glare layer can be made uneven. Furthermore, the haze value of the anti-glare layer can be controlled. Examples of these particles include inorganic particles and organic particles. Specific examples of inorganic particles include silica particles, titanium dioxide particles, aluminum oxide particles, zinc oxide particles, tin oxide particles, calcium carbonate particles, barium sulfate particles, talc particles, kaolin particles, and calcium sulfate particles. Specific examples of organic particles include polymethyl methacrylate resin particles (PMMA particles), silicone resin particles, polystyrene resin particles, polycarbonate resin particles, styrene acrylic resin particles, benzoguanamine resin particles, melamine resin particles, polyolefin resin particles, polyester resin particles, polyamide resin particles, polyimide resin particles, and polyvinyl fluoride resin particles. These particles can be used individually or in combination.

[0067] The weight-average particle size of the aforementioned particles is preferably 1 μm to 10 μm, more preferably 2 μm to 7 μm. The weight-average particle size can be determined using the Coulter counting method. Furthermore, in the anti-glare layer or the composition for forming the anti-glare layer, the aforementioned particles can exist in the form of primary particles and / or in the form of aggregated primary particles. In this specification, "weight-average particle size" refers to the weight-average particle size obtained by measuring the particles in the composition for forming the anti-glare layer using the Coulter counting method, regardless of the particle morphology.

[0068] The refractive index of the aforementioned particles is preferably 1.1 to 1.9, more preferably 1.2 to 1.7. Examples of particles with this refractive index include silicone particles, polystyrene particles, polymethyl methacrylate, and copolymers of styrene and methacrylic acid. Furthermore, the difference (n1-n2) between the refractive index n1 of the aforementioned particles and the refractive index n2 of the aforementioned adhesive resin is preferably -0.01 or less, more preferably -0.03 or less, and even more preferably -0.05 or less. Within this range, an anti-glare film with excellent transparency can be obtained.

[0069] The shape of the aforementioned particles is not particularly limited; for example, they may be approximately spherical, such as beads, or irregularly shaped, such as powder. Preferably, they are approximately spherical particles with an aspect ratio of 1.5 or less, and more preferably, they are spherical particles.

[0070] In the aforementioned anti-glare layer, the proportion of particles relative to 100 parts by weight of the adhesive resin is preferably 0.2 to 12 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 12 parts by weight, even more preferably 1 to 9 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 1 to 7 parts by weight. Within this range, an anti-glare film with superior anti-glare properties can be obtained.

[0071] In the above-mentioned composition for forming the anti-glare layer, the particles preferably have good dispersibility. The dispersibility (degree of dispersion) of the particles can be evaluated by particle size distribution measurement, which is performed using laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measurement method, dynamic light scattering method, static light scattering method, etc. Alternatively, it can be measured by microscopic observation using a scanning electron microscope or the like.

[0072] When evaluating the dispersibility of particles in the composition for forming the anti-glare layer using particle size distribution obtained by laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measurement, D 50 (Particle size at 50% volume accumulation) and volume accumulation particle size D 90 The absolute value of the difference (particle size at 90% volume accumulation) is preferably 5 μm or less, more preferably less than 3 μm, even more preferably less than 1 μm, and particularly preferably 0 μm or more and less than 1 μm. If it is within this range, an anti-glare layer with a suitable surface shape can be formed.

[0073] When evaluating the dispersibility of particles in the composition for forming the anti-glare layer using particle size distribution obtained by laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measurement, the proportion of particles with a particle size of 1 μm or more and less than 5 μm, relative to the total amount of particles in the composition, is preferably more than 50% by weight, more preferably 70% by weight or more, and even more preferably 80% by weight to 100% by weight. If it is within this range, an anti-glare layer with a suitable surface shape can be formed.

[0074] The composition for forming the anti-glare layer preferably contains any suitable photopolymerization initiator. Examples of photopolymerization initiators include 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, acetophenone, benzophenone, xanthones, 3-methylacetophenone, 4-chlorobenzophenone, 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, benzoyl ether, benzoyl dimethyl ketal, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-4,4'-diaminobenzophenone, 1-(4-isopropylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropane-1-one, thioxanthone compounds, etc.

[0075] The anti-glare layer forming composition described above may or may not contain a solvent. Examples of solvents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, and 2-methoxyethanol; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclopentanone; esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate; ethers such as diisopropyl ether and propylene glycol monomethyl ether; glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; cellosolves such as ethyl cellosolve and butyl cellosolve; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, and octane; and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. These solvents can be used alone or in combination. When using an anti-glare layer forming composition containing the above-mentioned organoclay, toluene, cyclopentanone, and / or xylene are preferably used as solvents.

[0076] The solid content of the composition for forming the anti-glare layer is preferably 20% to 80% by weight, more preferably 25% to 60% by weight, and even more preferably 30% to 50% by weight. Within this range, an anti-glare layer with a suitable surface shape can be obtained.

[0077] The above-described anti-glare layer forming composition may further include any suitable additives. Examples of additives include leveling agents, anti-blocking agents, dispersing stabilizers, thixotropic agents, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, defoamers, thickeners, dispersants, surfactants, catalysts, lubricants, and antistatic agents.

[0078] The aforementioned anti-glare layer can be obtained by coating the aforementioned anti-glare layer forming composition onto a transparent substrate and then curing it. Any suitable method can be used as the coating method for the anti-glare layer forming composition. Examples include rod coating, roller coating, gravure coating, bar coating, slot coating, curtain coating, spray coating, and corner wheel coating.

[0079] The non-anti-glare area is an anti-glare film with through holes in the anti-glare layer. Figure 1The non-anti-glare areas of the anti-glare layer in the anti-glare film shown can be formed by any suitable method. For example, methods can include partially adjusting the surface energy of the transparent substrate to reduce the wettability of the transparent substrate to the composition for forming the anti-glare layer at the location where the non-anti-glare area is formed, so that the anti-glare layer does not form at that location. Methods for adjusting the surface energy include, for example, inkjet printing; static electricity removal; corona treatment; plasma treatment, etc. Alternatively, non-anti-glare areas (through-holes) can also be formed by drilling at a predetermined location after the anti-glare layer has been formed.

[0080] Anti-glare film with a smooth surface in the non-anti-glare area ( Figure 3 The non-anti-glare area of ​​the anti-glare layer in the anti-glare film shown can be formed by any suitable method. For example, after forming a layer with uneven surfaces, a portion of the uneven surfaces can be filled in, thereby forming a non-anti-glare area. Any suitable material can be used as the material for filling the uneven surfaces. For example, the adhesive resin used in the anti-glare layer forming composition described above can be cited as such a material. Alternatively, a non-anti-glare area (smooth surface) can also be formed by methods such as excavating a predetermined location after forming the anti-glare layer.

[0081] As a curing method for the composition for forming the above-mentioned anti-glare layer, any suitable curing treatment can be used. A typical curing treatment is performed using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The cumulative UV irradiation intensity is preferably 50 mJ / cm². 2 ~500mJ / cm 2 .

[0082] (Transparent substrate)

[0083] As the aforementioned transparent substrate, any suitable substrate can be used as long as it has visible light transmittance. Examples of materials constituting the transparent substrate include triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polycarbonate, acrylic polymers, cyclic polyolefins, polyolefins having a norbornene structure, and polyethylene terephthalate.

[0084] The thickness of the aforementioned transparent substrate is preferably 10 μm to 500 μm, more preferably 20 μm to 300 μm, and even more preferably 30 μm to 100 μm. The refractive index of the aforementioned transparent substrate is preferably 1.30 to 1.80.

[0085] Anti-glare film with through-holes in the non-anti-glare area ( Figure 1 In the anti-glare film shown, the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the transparent substrate at the position corresponding to the non-anti-glare area is preferably 0.01 μm or less, more preferably 0.005 μm or less.

[0086] Anti-glare film with through-holes in the non-anti-glare area ( Figure 1In the anti-glare film shown, the difference between the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the uneven surface of the anti-glare layer in the anti-glare area and the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the transparent substrate at the corresponding position in the non-anti-glare area (arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the anti-glare area - arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the transparent substrate) is preferably a predetermined value or higher. This difference in arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra is preferably 0.05 μm or higher, more preferably 0.1 μm or higher.

[0087] Anti-glare film with through-holes in the non-anti-glare area ( Figure 1 In the anti-glare film shown, the maximum height Ry of the transparent substrate at the position corresponding to the non-anti-glare area is preferably 0.5 μm or less, more preferably 0.3 μm or less.

[0088] Anti-glare film with through-holes in the non-anti-glare area ( Figure 1 In the anti-glare film shown, the difference between the maximum height Ry of the uneven surface of the anti-glare layer in the anti-glare area and the maximum height Ry of the transparent substrate at the corresponding position in the non-anti-glare area (maximum height Ry of the anti-glare area - maximum height Ry of the transparent substrate) is preferably a predetermined value or higher. This difference in maximum height Ry is preferably 0.1 μm or higher, more preferably 4.5 μm or higher.

[0089] Anti-glare film with through-holes in the non-anti-glare area ( Figure 1 In the anti-glare film shown, the average tilt angle θa of the transparent substrate at the position corresponding to the non-anti-glare area is preferably 0.3° or less, more preferably 0.1° or less.

[0090] Anti-glare film with through-holes in the non-anti-glare area ( Figure 1 In the anti-glare film shown, the difference between the average tilt angle θa of the uneven surface of the anti-glare layer in the anti-glare area and the average tilt angle θa of the transparent substrate at the corresponding position in the non-anti-glare area (average tilt angle θa of the anti-glare area - average tilt angle θa of the transparent substrate) is preferably a predetermined value or higher. This difference in average tilt angle θa is preferably 0.5° or higher, more preferably 1° or higher.

[0091] C. Outer coating, low-reflection treatment layer

[0092] The outer coating can have any suitable composition. For example, an outer coating can be formed by applying a composition identical to the anti-glare layer forming material described in section B, except that it does not contain any scattering components used to express anti-glare properties. Examples of coating methods include rod coating, roller coating, gravure coating, bar coating, slotted coating, curtain coating, spray coating, and corner wheel coating.

[0093] For low-reflection treatment layers, dry film formation processes, such as wet coating, sputtering, and evaporation of low-refractive-index materials, are typically used for optical adjustment layers. In this invention, various methods represented by these methods can also be freely selected.

[0094] D. Polarizing plate

[0095] The polarizer described above has a polarizer. A typical polarizer has a polarizer and a protective film disposed on at least one side of the polarizer.

[0096] The polarizer is made of a resin film containing dichroic substances.

[0097] As described above, the polarizer has a non-polarizing section. The number, arrangement, shape, and size of the non-polarizing section can be appropriately designed. For example, it can be designed according to the position, shape, and size of the camera section of the image display device on which it is mounted. In this case, the non-polarizing section is preferably set to be approximately circular with a diameter of 10 mm or less.

[0098] The transmittance of the non-polarized portion (e.g., transmittance measured using light with a wavelength of 550 nm at 23°C) is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, even more preferably 75% or more, and particularly preferably 90% or more. With such transmittance, for example, when the non-polarized portion corresponds to the camera portion of the image display device, adverse effects on the camera's shooting performance can be prevented.

[0099] Monochromatic hue (a) in the non-polarized portion 2 +b 2 ) 1 / 2 The value is less than 1.0, preferably 0.7 or less, and more preferably 0.5 or less. By having a non-polarized portion that is extremely close to neutral color, an image display device with excellent camera shooting performance can be obtained, for example. Here, 'a' is the 'a' value of the Lab color system, and 'b' is the 'b' value of the Lab color system. The absolute value of the monomer 'a' value of the non-polarized portion is preferably 1.0 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and most preferably zero. The absolute value of the monomer 'b' value of the non-polarized portion is preferably 1.0 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and most preferably zero.

[0100] The aforementioned non-polarized portion preferably has a lower content of dichroic substance than the other portions. The content of the dichroic substance in the non-polarized portion is preferably 1.0% by weight or less, more preferably 0.5% by weight or less, and even more preferably 0.2% by weight or less. Furthermore, the lower limit of the dichroic substance content in the non-polarized portion is generally below the detection limit. The difference between the content of the dichroic substance in other portions and the content of the dichroic substance in the non-polarized portion is preferably 0.5% by weight or more, and even more preferably 1% by weight or more. Furthermore, when iodine is used as the dichroic substance, the iodine content in the non-polarized portion is determined, for example, by measuring the X-ray intensity using fluorescence X-ray analysis and using a standard curve prepared in advance using standard samples.

[0101] The polarizer (excluding the non-polarizing section) preferably exhibits absorption dichroism at any wavelength from 380 nm to 780 nm. The transmittance of the polarizer (excluding the non-polarizing section) is preferably 40.0% or more, more preferably 41.0% or more, even more preferably 42.0% or more, and particularly preferably 43.0% or more. On the other hand, the theoretical upper limit of the transmittance of the polarizer (excluding the non-polarizing section) is 50%, and the practical upper limit is 46%. The polarization degree of the polarizer (excluding the non-polarizing section) is preferably 99.8% or more, more preferably 99.9% or more, and even more preferably 99.95% or more. Preferably, the above-mentioned polarization degree (P) and transmittance (T) satisfy P>-(10) 0.929T-42.4 The relationship between -1)×100 (where T<42.3) and P≥99.9 (where T≥42.3).

[0102] The thickness of the polarizer (resin film) is, for example, 10 μm or less, preferably 8 μm or less, and more preferably 5 μm or less. The thinner the thickness, the better the effect of the above (a) 2 +b 2 ) 1 / 2 The greater the thickness, the lower the polarization. Furthermore, this thickness allows for the formation of a non-polarized portion with excellent surface smoothness. Moreover, upon contact with the alkaline solution described later, the non-polarized portion can be formed in a short time. Although there are cases where the thickness of the portion in contact with the alkaline solution is thinner than other portions, the thinner thickness reduces the thickness difference between the portion in contact with the alkaline solution and other portions. On the other hand, the thickness of the polarizer is preferably 1.0 μm or more, and more preferably 2.0 μm or more.

[0103] Examples of dichroic substances include iodine and organic dyes. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Iodine is preferred. By using iodine, the aforementioned non-polarized portion can be formed well.

[0104] Any suitable resin can be used as the resin for forming the above-mentioned resin film. Polyvinyl alcohol-based resins (hereinafter referred to as "PVA-based resins") are preferred. Examples of PVA-based resins include polyvinyl alcohol and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers. Polyvinyl alcohol can be obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate. Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers can be obtained by saponifying ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. The degree of saponification of PVA-based resins is typically 85 mol% to 100 mol%, preferably 95.0 mol% or more, more preferably 99.0 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 99.93 mol% or more. The degree of saponification can be determined according to JIS K6726-1994. By using PVA-based resins with this degree of saponification, polarizers with excellent durability can be obtained.

[0105] The average degree of polymerization of PVA-based resins can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. The average degree of polymerization is typically 1000–10000, preferably 1200–6000, and more preferably 2000–5000. Furthermore, the average degree of polymerization can be determined according to JIS K6726-1994.

[0106] The aforementioned polarizer can be manufactured by any suitable method. As a method for manufacturing the aforementioned polarizer, it is preferable to use a method that decolorizes the desired portion of the resin film containing the dichroic substance. Details of the manufacturing method of the aforementioned polarizer are described, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-067858, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0107] Examples of materials that can be used to form the protective film include cellulose resins such as diacetylcellulose and triacetylcellulose, (meth)acrylic resins, cyclic olefin resins, olefin resins such as polypropylene, ester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate resins, polyamide resins, polycarbonate resins, and copolymers thereof.

[0108] The thickness of the aforementioned protective film is preferably 10 μm to 100 μm. The protective film is typically laminated onto the polarizer via an adhesive layer (specifically, an adhesive layer or a bonding agent layer). The adhesive layer is typically formed using a PVA-based adhesive or an active energy line curing adhesive. The bonding agent layer is typically formed using an acrylic adhesive.

[0109] Example

[0110] The present invention is illustrated in detail below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0111] [Example 1]

[0112] (Preparation of the coating solution for forming the anti-glare layer)

[0113] As the resin contained in the anti-glare layer forming material, 50 parts by weight of UV-curable urethane acrylate resin (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "UV1700TL", solid content 80%) and 50 parts by weight of polyfunctional acrylate (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name "Viscoat#300", solid content 100%) with pentaerythritol triacrylate as the main component are prepared. A mixture of these resins (resin solids content: 100 parts by weight), 10 parts by weight of acrylic acid and styrene copolymer particles (manufactured by Sekisui Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name "Techpolymer SSX1055QXE", weight average particle size: 5.5 μm) as the above particles, 2.5 parts by weight of synthetic montmorillonite (manufactured by KUNIMINE INDUSTRIES Co., Ltd., trade name "SumectonSAN") as a thixotropic agent, 3 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by BASF, trade name "OMNIRAD907"), and 0.15 parts by weight of a leveling agent (manufactured by Kyoei Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "LE-303", solids content: 40%) were mixed together. The mixture was diluted with a toluene / cyclopentanone mixed solvent (weight ratio: 80 / 20) to achieve a solids content of 40% to prepare an anti-glare coating solution.

[0114] (Preparation of coating solution for hard coating formation)

[0115] As the resin contained in the hard coating, 100 parts by weight of a UV-curable acrylic resin (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name "Viscoat #300", 100% solids content) was prepared. This resin (100 parts by weight of solids content), 3 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by BASF, trade name "OMNIRAD907"), and 0.15 parts by weight of a leveling agent (manufactured by Kyoesha Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "LE-303", 40% solids content) were mixed. The mixture was diluted with a MIBK / cyclopentanone mixed solvent (70 / 30 by weight) to achieve a solids content concentration of 30%, thus preparing a coating solution for forming the hard coating.

[0116] (The fabrication of anti-glare film a)

[0117] A transparent plastic film substrate (manufactured by TAC, Fuji Film Co., Ltd., trade name "TD80UL") was prepared as the transparent substrate. Using a rod coater, the aforementioned anti-glare layer forming material (coating liquid) was applied to one side of the transparent plastic film substrate to form a coating. The transparent plastic film substrate with the coating was then transported to a drying process. In the drying process, the coating was dried by heating at 80°C for 1 minute. Afterwards, the substrate was irradiated with a high-pressure mercury lamp with a cumulative light intensity of 300 mJ / cm². 2 The above coating is cured by ultraviolet light to form an anti-glare layer with a thickness of 4.0 μm, and an anti-glare film a with a haze of 25% is obtained.

[0118] (Formation of non-anti-glare areas: embedding treatment on anti-glare film a using a hard coating)

[0119] A surface protective film with circular gaps of 5 mm in diameter is attached to the obtained anti-glare film, creating a laminate in which a portion of the anti-glare layer surface is exposed due to the aforementioned gaps. Using a rod coater, a coating film is formed on the protective film side of the laminated film using the aforementioned hard coating forming liquid. Then, the transparent plastic film substrate with the coating film is transported to a drying process. In the drying process, the coating film is dried by heating at 80°C for 1 minute. Afterwards, it is irradiated with a high-pressure mercury lamp with a cumulative light intensity of 300 mJ / cm². 2 The above coating is cured by ultraviolet light to produce a hard coating with a thickness of 4.0 μm formed only on the exposed parts.

[0120] After being irradiated with ultraviolet light, the surface protective film is peeled off to obtain an anti-glare film A, which has a non-anti-glare area (hard coating) formed on a part of the surface of the anti-glare hard coating, and an anti-glare area formed on the other parts.

[0121] (Fabrication of optical laminates)

[0122] As described in item C above, prepare a polarizer with a non-polarizing section.

[0123] An optical laminate is obtained by aligning the non-anti-glare area of ​​the anti-glare film A with the non-polarized part of the polarizer.

[0124] [Example 2]

[0125] (Preparation of coating solution for forming antifouling layer)

[0126] As the resin contained in the antifouling hard coating forming material, 100 parts by weight of UV-curable acrylic resin (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name "Viscoat #300", 100% solids content) were prepared. This resin (100 parts by weight of solids content), 3 parts by weight of photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by BASF, trade name "OMNIRAD907"), and 0.20 parts by weight of leveling agent (manufactured by Daikin Industries Co., Ltd., trade name "OPTOOLDAC", 20% solids content) were mixed. The mixture was diluted with a MIBK / cyclopentanone mixed solvent (70 / 30 by weight) to achieve a solids content concentration of 30% to prepare a coating solution for the antifouling hard coating.

[0127] (Partial application of anti-fouling hard coating liquid)

[0128] A surface protective film with circular gaps of 5 mm in diameter was applied to a transparent plastic film substrate (manufactured by TAC, Fuji Film Co., Ltd., trade name "TD80UL"), creating a laminate in which a portion of the surface of the transparent plastic film substrate was exposed due to the aforementioned gaps. Using a rod coater, the aforementioned antifouling hard coating liquid was applied to the protective film side of the laminated film. Then, the transparent plastic film substrate with the coating was transported to a drying process. In the drying process, the coating was dried by heating at 80°C for 1 minute. Afterwards, it was irradiated with a high-pressure mercury lamp with a cumulative light intensity of 300 mJ / cm². 2 The above coating is cured by ultraviolet light to produce a film with a thickness of 3.0 μm of antifouling hard coating only on the exposed parts.

[0129] After being irradiated with ultraviolet light, the surface protective film is peeled off, thereby obtaining a substrate film with a stain-resistant hard coating laminated on a portion of the surface of a transparent plastic substrate layer.

[0130] (The fabrication of an anti-glare film with a transparent portion)

[0131] For a substrate film having an antifouling hard coating on a portion of the aforementioned surface, the anti-glare hard coating forming liquid prepared in Example 1 was applied in the same order as in Example 1, forming an anti-glare layer with a thickness of 4.0 μm, resulting in an anti-glare film B with a haze of 25%. On the pre-formed antifouling hard coating, the un-dried coating liquid was repelled and not applied, making that portion a non-anti-glare area. The remaining portions became anti-glare areas.

[0132] (Fabrication of optical laminates)

[0133] As described in item C above, prepare a polarizer with a non-polarizing section.

[0134] An optical laminate is obtained by aligning the non-anti-glare area of ​​the anti-glare film B with the non-polarized part of the polarizer.

[0135] [Example 3]

[0136] The anti-glare film a was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the "embedding treatment using a hard coating on the anti-glare film" was not performed.

[0137] A circular area with a diameter of 5 mm on the anti-glare film a is irradiated with a CO2 laser to remove the anti-glare effect until the anti-glare effect disappears, thereby setting a non-anti-glare area and obtaining an anti-glare film C that includes the non-anti-glare area and the anti-glare area.

[0138] (Fabrication of optical laminates)

[0139] As described in item C above, prepare a polarizer with a non-polarizing section.

[0140] An optical laminate is obtained by aligning the non-anti-glare area of ​​the anti-glare film C with the non-polarized part of the polarizer.

[0141] [Comparative Example 1]

[0142] The anti-glare film a was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the "embedding treatment using a hard coating on the anti-glare film" was not performed.

[0143] Furthermore, as described in item C above, a polarizer having a non-polarizing section is prepared, and an anti-glare film a and a polarizer are laminated to obtain an optical laminate.

[0144] [Comparative Example 2]

[0145] A transparent plastic film substrate (TAC, manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd., trade name "TD80UL") was prepared as the transparent substrate. Using a rod coater, a stain-resistant hard coating forming liquid, prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, was applied to one side of the transparent plastic film substrate. The coated transparent plastic film substrate was then transported to a drying process. In the drying process, the coating was dried by heating at 80°C for 1 minute. Afterwards, the substrate was irradiated with a high-pressure mercury lamp with a cumulative light intensity of 300 mJ / cm². 2 The above coating is cured by ultraviolet light to form a 4.0 μm thick antifouling hard coating film.

[0146] Furthermore, as described in item C above, a polarizer having a non-polarizing section is prepared, and a hard coating film and a polarizer are laminated to obtain an optical laminate.

[0147] The optical laminates obtained in the examples and comparative examples were evaluated below. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0148] (1) Evaluation of the sharpness of images captured by the camera

[0149] A digital camera (manufactured by NIKON Corporation, trade name "COOLPIX W100") was prepared. With the camera in shooting mode, the aforementioned film was applied using adhesive. The blurring of the image displayed on the camera's screen was evaluated using the following criteria. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the anti-glare film was applied with the non-anti-glare area (non-polarized area) corresponding to the camera lens.

[0150] Almost no fuzziness was observed in A (good).

[0151] Although the image is somewhat blurry, it is still sufficient to determine that the subject is grade B (qualified).

[0152] The image is so blurry that the subject C cannot be identified (unacceptable).

[0153] (2) Evaluation of anti-glare performance

[0154] The aforementioned film was adhered to a black acrylic sheet using an adhesive. A fluorescent lamp from an LED light source was then shone onto the film surface, and the blurring effect of the reflected fluorescent light was evaluated using the following criteria. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the anti-glare film was evaluated for the anti-glare area (non-polarized portion) of the anti-glare layer.

[0155] The fluorescent lamp's outline is completely blurred, grade A (good).

[0156] Fluorescent light, although blurry, retains outlines, Grade B (Pass).

[0157] The outline of the fluorescent lamp is clearly visible, class C (unacceptable).

[0158] (3) Haze value

[0159] As described in (1), the film is attached to a digital camera, and the haze value of the portion corresponding to the camera lens and the haze value of the portion other than the camera lens are measured using a haze meter (trade name "HAZE METER HM-150", manufactured by Murakami Color Technology Research Institute). In the anti-glare film of this embodiment, the camera lens portion corresponds to the anti-glare area, and the portion other than the camera lens portion corresponds to the non-anti-glare area.

[0160] [Table 1]

[0161]

[0162] Symbol Explanation

[0163] 10 Transparent substrates

[0164] 20 anti-glare layers

[0165] 30 polarizer

[0166] 110 Anti-glare film

[0167] 120 polarizer

[0168] 100 optical laminates

Claims

1. An optical laminate, It features an anti-glare film and a polarizer disposed on one side of the anti-glare film. The anti-glare film comprises a transparent substrate and an anti-glare layer disposed on at least one side of the transparent substrate, the anti-glare layer being composed of anti-glare areas and non-anti-glare areas. The polarizer includes a polarizer having a non-polarizing section. The anti-glare film and the polarizer are stacked in such a way that at least a portion of the non-anti-glare area of ​​the anti-glare film overlaps with at least a portion of the non-polarized portion of the polarizer. In the non-anti-glare area, the surface of the anti-glare layer opposite to the transparent substrate is a smooth surface. The difference between the maximum height Ry of the uneven surface in the anti-glare area and the maximum height Ry of the uneven surface in the non-anti-glare area, i.e., the difference between the maximum height Ry of the anti-glare area and the maximum height Ry of the non-anti-glare area, is greater than 0.1 μm. The difference between the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the anti-glare area and the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the non-anti-glare area, i.e., the difference between the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the anti-glare area and the arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the non-anti-glare area, is 0.05 μm or more. The difference between the average tilt angle θa of the anti-glare area and the average tilt angle θa of the non-anti-glare area, i.e., the difference between the average tilt angle θa of the anti-glare area and the average tilt angle θa of the non-anti-glare area, is greater than or equal to 0.5°. The difference between the thickness of the anti-glare layer in the anti-glare area and the thickness of the anti-glare layer in the non-anti-glare area is less than 1 μm.

Images