Multi-track multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine and construction method

Abstract

The application provides a multi-track multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine and a construction method. The TBM tunneling machine is used for tunneling construction in a tunnel and comprises a cross-shaped supporting shoe, a tunneling assembly and a PLC control assembly. The cross-shaped supporting shoe is composed of four oil cylinders, the four oil cylinders are arranged perpendicular to each other along the section direction of the tunnel, and the driving end of the oil cylinder faces the section of the tunnel. The TBM tunneling machine comprises a spherical cutter head and a first driving assembly for driving the spherical cutter head to rotate. The spherical cutter head is arranged at the driving end of the first driving assembly and located on the side close to the section of the tunnel for crushing the section of the tunnel. At least one pair of second driving assemblies are connected at the driving end to the first driving assembly and at the non-driving end to the cross-shaped supporting shoe. The at least one pair of second driving assemblies are used for driving the tunneling assembly to displace towards the section of the tunnel. The PLC control assembly is connected with the oil cylinder and controls the oil cylinder to stretch and retract. The TBM tunneling machine can simultaneously meet the section excavation requirements of highway, railway, water conservancy and other tunnel projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology, and specifically relates to a multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Full-face tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are widely used in tunnel projects for highways, railways, and water conservancy. Conventional TBMs excavate tunnels by rotating a cutterhead and rolling the rock, resulting in a primarily circular cross-section. However, highway tunnels are typically arch-shaped, and using a conventional circular TBM requires bottom backfilling, making the process cumbersome, difficult, and prone to waste. Railway tunnels have oval or horseshoe-shaped cross-sections, and using a conventional circular TBM requires backfilling the bottom and sides, further increasing construction difficulty and project investment.

[0003] In other words, when using conventional full-face rock tunnel boring machines for construction, it is impossible to simultaneously meet the requirements of different engineering cross-sections. For example, it is impossible to simultaneously meet the cross-section excavation requirements of tunnel projects such as highways, railways, and water conservancy.

[0004] It is evident that how to simultaneously meet the cross-sectional excavation requirements of multiple engineering types, such as the cross-sectional excavation requirements of tunnels for highways, railways, and water conservancy projects, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine to at least solve the above-mentioned technical problems;

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine), used for tunneling construction within a tunnel. The TBM includes: a cross-shaped support shoe composed of four hydraulic cylinders arranged vertically and horizontally along the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, with the driving ends of the cylinders facing the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel; a tunneling assembly including a spherical cutterhead and a first drive assembly for driving the spherical cutterhead to rotate, the spherical cutterhead being disposed at the driving end of the first drive assembly and located close to the cross-sectional side of the tunnel for breaking the tunnel cross-section; at least one pair of second drive assemblies, the driving ends of at least one pair of second drive assemblies connected to the first drive assembly, and the non-driving ends of at least one pair of second drive assemblies connected to the cross-shaped support shoe, the at least one pair of second drive assemblies driving the tunneling assembly to displace in the direction of the tunnel cross-section; and a PLC control assembly connected to the hydraulic cylinders and controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinders.

[0007] In the first aspect, each of the hydraulic cylinders is provided with a support shoe at its drive end, the support shoe being used to contact the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0008] In the first aspect, the TBM tunneling machine further includes a TBM backup sleeve; the TBM backup sleeve is disposed at the end of the first drive assembly away from the spherical cutterhead.

[0009] In the first aspect, both the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly are horizontally driven hydraulic cylinders; the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly are connected by a movable connector, allowing the first drive assembly to move relative to the second drive assembly.

[0010] In the first aspect, the spherical cutterhead is hemispherical; the hemispherical surface is provided with cutting components, the front of the spherical cutterhead can cut and excavate the front of the tunnel, and the side of the spherical cutterhead can cut and excavate the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention provides a construction method for a multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine. The tunneling machine includes: a cross-shaped support shoe, a tunneling component, and a PLC control component. The PLC control component is connected to the tunneling component and controls the tunneling component to tunnel. The construction method includes: placing the cross-shaped support shoe on the cross-section of the tunnel; and the PLC control component controlling the tunneling component to tunnel, thereby excavating the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape.

[0012] In the second aspect, the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate and shape the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate according to a linear trajectory equation to construct the tunnel cross-section into a circle; the linear trajectory equation is: (y = kx + c), where y is the tunnel axis travel; k is the tunnel longitudinal slope; x is the tunnel radial travel; and c is a constant.

[0013] In the second aspect, the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate according to a semi-elliptic curve equation to construct the tunnel cross-section into a portal shape; the semi-elliptic curve equation is: Wherein, Y is the tunnel axis travel, x is the tunnel radial travel, and a and b are constants.

[0014] In the second aspect, the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate according to an oval curve equation, so as to construct the tunnel cross-section into an oval shape; the oval curve equation is: Y represents the tunnel axis travel, x represents the tunnel radial travel, a and b are constants, and k represents the tunnel longitudinal slope.

[0015] In the second aspect, the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate and shape the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate according to a spiral equation to construct the tunnel cross-section into a horseshoe shape; the spiral equation is: (x = acosθ, y = as inθ, z = bθ), where y is the tunnel axis travel, x is the tunnel radial travel, and a, b, and θ are constants.

[0016] Beneficial Effects: This invention proposes a multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine). Four hydraulic cylinders in a cross-shaped support shoe meet the displacement requirements during tunnel section excavation. During excavation, the first drive device drives the tunneling component towards the section to break and excavate it. When excavation is needed in the vertical, horizontal, or vertical directions of the tunnel section, the PLC control component controls the corresponding hydraulic cylinders to extend or retract, bringing the tunneling component closer to the corresponding direction for excavation. This satisfies the excavation requirements of different engineering types with varying section shapes. For example, by controlling the displacement of the hydraulic cylinders along the section, it can simultaneously meet the excavation needs of highway, railway, and water conservancy tunnel projects, providing an integrated and efficient construction tool for project advancement and achieving the technical objective of improving construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a side view of the multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of the multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the semi-elliptical trajectory formed by the excavation of the tunnel in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the oval curve trajectory formed by the excavation of the tunnel in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 1. Spherical cutter head;

[0024] 2. First driving component;

[0025] 3. Cross-shaped support boot; 301. Support boot; 302. Hydraulic cylinder;

[0026] 4. Second drive component;

[0027] 5. Tunnels;

[0028] 6. TBM spare kit. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this specification, when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in the embodiments of this specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine. The TBM tunneling machine is used for tunneling construction in tunnels. The TBM tunneling machine includes: a cross-shaped support shoe, a tunneling component, at least one pair of second drive components and a PLC control component.

[0033] The cross-shaped support shoe consists of four hydraulic cylinders, which are arranged perpendicularly to each other along the cross-section of the tunnel, with the drive ends of the cylinders facing the tunnel cross-section. It includes a spherical cutterhead and a first drive assembly for driving the spherical cutterhead to rotate. The spherical cutterhead is located at the drive end of the first drive assembly, close to the tunnel cross-section, and is used to break the tunnel cross-section. At least one pair of second drive assemblies has their drive ends connected to the first drive assembly, and their non-drive ends connected to the cross-shaped support shoe. These at least one pair of second drive assemblies are used to drive the tunneling assembly to displace towards the tunnel cross-section. A PLC control assembly is connected to the hydraulic cylinders and controls their extension and retraction.

[0034] Specifically, this invention proposes a multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine). Four hydraulic cylinders in a cross-shaped support shoe meet the displacement requirements during tunnel section excavation. During excavation, a first drive device drives the tunneling component towards the section to break and excavate it. When excavation is needed in the vertical, horizontal, or vertical directions of the tunnel section, the PLC control component controls the corresponding hydraulic cylinders to extend or retract, bringing the tunneling component closer to the corresponding direction for excavation. This satisfies the excavation requirements of different engineering types with varying section shapes. For example, by controlling the displacement of the hydraulic cylinders along the section, it can simultaneously meet the excavation needs of highway, railway, and water conservancy tunnel projects, thus providing an integrated and efficient construction tool for project advancement and achieving the technical objective of improving construction efficiency.

[0035] In some possible implementations, each cylinder is equipped with a support shoe at its drive end, and the support shoe contacts the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0036] This is to improve the stable contact force between the support boot and the tunnel, so the support boot is used to support the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0037] In some possible implementations, the TBM tunneling machine also includes a TBM backup sleeve; the TBM backup sleeve is located at the end of the first drive assembly away from the spherical cutterhead;

[0038] This allows the backup kit to provide the necessary power and mounting base for the first drive unit;

[0039] In some possible implementations, both the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly are horizontally driven hydraulic cylinders; the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly are connected by a movable connector, allowing the first drive assembly to be movable relative to the second drive assembly.

[0040] The movable connector can be a device with free extension and retraction function; when the first drive component drives the second drive component to move, the displacement is completed by the extension and retraction of the movable connector.

[0041] In some possible implementations, the spherical cutterhead is hemispherical; the hemispherical surface is provided with cutting components, the front of the spherical cutterhead can cut and excavate the front of the tunnel, and the side of the spherical cutterhead can cut and excavate the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0042] When it is necessary to cut the cross-section of the tunnel, the spherical cutter head is controlled to rotate. During the rotation, several cutting components set on the spherical surface generate strong friction on the cross-section. The cutting components can be cutting teeth with cutting function, such as flat teeth, roller cones, or drill bits.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] like Figure 3-4 As shown in the second embodiment, a construction method for a multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine is provided. The tunneling machine includes: a cross-shaped support shoe, a tunneling component, and a PLC control component. The PLC control component is connected to the tunneling component and controls the tunneling component to tunnel. The construction method includes: placing the cross-shaped support shoe on the tunnel cross section; and the PLC control component controlling the tunneling component to tunnel, so as to tunnel the tunnel cross section into a preset shape.

[0045] Specifically, the cutting component is supported at a preset position in the tunnel by a cross-shaped support shoe. When cutting is required, the tunneling component is controlled by the PLC control component to excavate the tunnel into the preset shape.

[0046] In some possible implementations, the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: excavating according to a straight trajectory equation to construct the tunnel cross-section into a circle; the straight trajectory equation is: (y = kx + c); where y is the tunnel axis travel; k is the tunnel longitudinal slope; x is the tunnel radial travel; and c is a constant.

[0047] In other words, the cross-sectional shape excavated using this straight trajectory equation can be applied to hydropower generation or inter-basin water diversion projects;

[0048] In some possible implementations, the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate according to a semi-elliptic curve equation to construct the tunnel cross-section into a portal shape; the semi-elliptic curve equation is: Wherein, Y is the tunnel axis travel, x is the tunnel radial travel, and a and b are constants.

[0049] In other words, the cross-sectional shape excavated using this semi-elliptic curve equation can be applied to traffic engineering.

[0050] In some possible implementations, the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate according to an oval curve equation to construct the tunnel cross-section into an oval shape; the oval curve equation is:

[0051] Wherein, Y is the tunnel axis travel, x is the tunnel radial travel, a and b are constants, and k is the tunnel longitudinal slope;

[0052] In other words, the cross-sectional shape excavated using this egg-shaped curve equation can be applied to railway engineering;

[0053] In some possible implementations, the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: the PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate according to a spiral equation to construct the tunnel cross-section into a horseshoe shape; the spiral equation is: (x = acosθ, y = as inθ, z = bθ); where y is the tunnel axis travel, x is the tunnel radial travel, and a, b, and θ are constants.

[0054] In other words, the cross-sectional shape excavated using this spiral equation can be applied to water conservancy projects.

[0055] Since Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 are embodiments under the same inventive concept and have some identical structures, the structures in Embodiment 2 that are substantially the same as those in Embodiment 1 will not be described in detail. For the parts not described in detail, please refer to Embodiment 1.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine, wherein the TBM tunneling machine is used for tunneling construction within tunnels, characterized in that, The TBM tunneling machine includes: A cross-shaped support shoe, which consists of four hydraulic cylinders arranged vertically and horizontally along the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, with the driving end of the hydraulic cylinders facing the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. The tunneling assembly includes a spherical cutterhead and a first drive assembly for driving the spherical cutterhead to rotate. The spherical cutterhead is disposed at the drive end of the first drive assembly and located close to the cross-section of the tunnel, for breaking the cross-section of the tunnel. At least one pair of second drive components, the drive ends of at least one pair of second drive components are connected to the first drive component, the non-drive ends of at least one pair of second drive components are connected to the cross-shaped support shoe, and at least one pair of second drive components are used to drive the tunneling component to displace in the direction of the tunnel section; A PLC control component is connected to the hydraulic cylinder and controls the hydraulic cylinder to extend and retract. Each of the hydraulic cylinders is provided with a support shoe at its drive end, the support shoe being used to contact the inner wall of the tunnel; The TBM tunneling machine also includes a TBM spare kit; The TBM backup sleeve is located at the end of the first drive assembly away from the spherical cutter head.

2. The multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly are horizontal push cylinders; The first drive component and the second drive component are connected by a movable connector, so that the first drive component can be moved relative to the second drive component.

3. The multi-track, multi-section integrated TBM tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical cutter head is hemispherical; The hemispherical surface is equipped with cutting components. The front of the spherical cutterhead can cut and excavate the front of the tunnel, and the side of the spherical cutterhead can cut and excavate the inner wall of the tunnel.

4. A construction method for a multi-track, multi-face integrated TBM tunneling machine, the method being applied to the multi-track, multi-face integrated TBM tunneling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the tunneling machine comprising: The system comprises a cross-shaped support shoe, a tunneling assembly, and a PLC control assembly, wherein the PLC control assembly is connected to the tunneling assembly and controls the tunneling operation of the tunneling assembly; characterized in that the construction method includes: The cross-shaped support shoe is placed on the cross section of the tunnel; The PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape; The PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: The PLC control component controls the tunneling component to tunnel according to a linear trajectory equation, so as to construct the cross-section of the tunnel into a circle; the linear trajectory equation is: y=kx+c, where y is the tunnel axis travel; k is the tunnel longitudinal slope; x is the tunnel radial travel; and c is a constant. The PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: The PLC control component controls the tunneling component to tunnel according to a semi-elliptic curve equation, so as to construct the tunnel cross-section into a portal shape; the semi-elliptic curve equation is: , a>b>0, where y is the tunnel axis travel, x is the tunnel radial travel, and a and b are constants; The PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: The PLC control component controls the tunneling component to tunnel according to the oval curve equation, so as to construct the cross-section of the tunnel into an oval shape; the oval curve equation is: Wherein, y is the tunnel axis travel, x is the tunnel radial travel, a and b are constants, and k is the tunnel longitudinal slope; The PLC control component controls the tunneling component to excavate the tunnel cross-section into a preset shape, including: The PLC control component controls the tunneling component to tunnel according to a spiral equation, so as to construct the cross-section of the tunnel into a horseshoe shape; the spiral equation is: x=acosθ,y=asinθ,z=bθ, where y is the tunnel axis travel, x is the tunnel radial travel, and a, b, and θ are constants.

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