Deep heat reservoir rock breaking and permeability improvement reconstruction method, device and system

Abstract

The application provides a deep thermal reservoir rock breaking and permeability increasing reconstruction method, device and system, and the method comprises the following steps: determining a parameter value range of a permeability increasing reconstruction parameter according to physical property parameters of a target layer; establishing a finite element numerical model; inputting design parameters determined according to the parameter value range into the finite element numerical model to construct a design parameter-unit water inflow data set; performing parameter optimization according to the design parameter-unit water inflow data set to obtain target reconstruction parameters; and reconstructing the target layer according to the target reconstruction parameters. Based on the technical scheme of the application, the machine learning, intelligent optimization method and microwave rock breaking technology are creatively applied to the deep thermal reservoir permeability increasing reconstruction, and the key problems of high uncertainty of the deep thermal reservoir crack propagation direction and high risk of induced earthquake are well solved. In combination with the acidification and fracturing technologies, the permeability is increased, the cavity volume inside the crack is significantly increased, and the reconstruction effect can be maintained for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geothermal reservoir permeability enhancement technology, and particularly to a method, apparatus and system for deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability enhancement. Background Technology

[0002] Under the "dual-carbon" strategy, and with the continuous advancement of geothermal resource development and utilization in China, geothermal reservoirs with vast reserves but low permeability are increasingly favored. Geothermal reservoir permeability enhancement technology has become a crucial guarantee for the efficient development and utilization of geothermal resources, attracting widespread attention from engineers both domestically and internationally. Currently, the fracturing technologies applicable to geothermal reservoir production enhancement include hydraulic fracturing and acid fracturing. However, both of these fracturing technologies require high-pressure injection of fracturing fluid into the target geothermal reservoir, which can easily damage the reservoir and poses a high risk of induced earthquakes. Therefore, developing environmentally friendly and risk-controllable flexible geothermal reservoir permeability enhancement technology is of great significance for the development and utilization of geothermal resources.

[0003] Compared to hydraulic fracturing and acid fracturing technologies that are widely used in the oil and gas sector, the requirements for permeability enhancement and modification technologies in the geothermal sector are more stringent. Not only does it require a sufficiently large modification volume to connect geothermal wells and a sufficiently long modification effect to meet the needs of sustainable geothermal extraction for 50 to 100 years, but it also requires avoiding environmental risks such as induced microseismic events when modifying geothermal reservoirs in densely populated areas.

[0004] Currently, existing technologies also include research on the modification and development of geothermal reservoirs. Examples include methods combining thermal and chemical stimulation, using carbon dioxide as a fracturing fluid, and employing high-pressure pulsed hydraulic fracturing to create artificial geothermal reservoirs. It is evident that geothermal reservoir modification technology is still in its developmental stage and not yet fully mature. Its design methods and field implementation processes mainly draw upon fracturing techniques from the oil and gas sector, failing to adequately meet the specific requirements of geothermal permeability enhancement technologies. Furthermore, there is no mature solution for determining the modification parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the lack of specific permeability enhancement methods for deep geothermal reservoirs in existing technologies, this application proposes a method, apparatus, and system for rock-breaking and permeability enhancement of deep geothermal reservoirs.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention proposes a method for rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing transformation of deep thermal reservoirs, comprising:

[0007] The range of values ​​for the permeability enhancement parameters is determined based on the physical properties of the target stratum.

[0008] Establish a finite element numerical model, input the design parameters determined according to the parameter value range into the finite element numerical model, and construct a design parameter-unit inflow dataset;

[0009] Parameter optimization is performed based on the design parameters-unit inflow data set to obtain the target modification parameters;

[0010] The target layer is modified according to the target modification parameters.

[0011] In one implementation, design parameters determined according to the parameter value range are input into the finite element numerical model to construct a design parameter-unit inflow dataset, including:

[0012] Based on the range of parameter values, the grid is divided with a certain step size;

[0013] The parameters within the grid are sequentially input into the finite element numerical model as the design parameters to perform the modification simulation. Based on the simulation results, the design parameter-unit inflow dataset is constructed.

[0014] In one implementation, parameter optimization is performed based on the design parameter-unit inflow data set to obtain target modification parameters, including:

[0015] Based on the design parameters and the unit inflow data set, a machine learning model that meets the accuracy requirements is established.

[0016] A cost function is determined as the optimization objective. Based on the machine learning model, an optimization algorithm is used to determine the parameters corresponding to the minimum value of the cost function, and these parameters are used as the target modification parameters.

[0017] In one embodiment, the cost function characterizes the ratio between the object parameter and the unit inflow rate in the infiltration enhancement modification parameters, and the object parameter is the determining factor of the modification cost.

[0018] In one implementation, the machine learning model employs an artificial neural network model, and the optimization algorithm employs a genetic algorithm.

[0019] In one embodiment, modifying the target layer according to the target modification parameters further includes:

[0020] The target modification parameters are input into the finite element numerical model to perform modification simulation, and the simulation results are used to determine whether the target modification parameters meet the accuracy requirements.

[0021] The target layer is modified according to the target modification parameters that meet the accuracy requirements.

[0022] In one implementation, the target layer is modified according to the target modification parameters, including:

[0023] The microwave radiation system is lowered into the well and delivered to the target formation. The rock in the target formation is then subjected to microwave radiation according to the microwave radiation parameters in the target modification parameters.

[0024] The microwave radiation system is recovered, and fracturing fluid and acid are prepared according to the acid fracturing parameters in the target modification parameters for acid fracturing.

[0025] In one embodiment, before lowering the microwave radiation system into the well and delivering it to the target formation, the method further includes:

[0026] Inject clean water into the wellbore corresponding to the target formation to perform well flushing.

[0027] In one implementation, after modifying the target layer, the method further includes:

[0028] Pumping measurements were performed on the target layer after the modification to obtain the modified measurement data.

[0029] The modified measured data are compared with the measured data of pumping before the modification, and the modification target is determined based on the comparison results.

[0030] If the modification goal is not achieved, the modification process is repeated until the modification goal is achieved.

[0031] In one implementation, establishing a finite element numerical model includes:

[0032] Based on the geological model of the region where the target stratum is located, and combined with the theory of porous media, the finite element numerical model is constructed.

[0033] In one implementation, the modification parameters include:

[0034] Microwave radiation parameters, including microwave probe aperture spacing, microwave radiation time, and microwave radiation power;

[0035] Acid fracturing parameters include the composition, viscosity, and total amount of fracturing fluid, as well as the composition, concentration, viscosity, and total amount of acid.

[0036] Pumping parameters include displacement and liquid distribution ratio in multi-stage injection phases.

[0037] Secondly, the present invention proposes a deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing device, comprising:

[0038] The parameter range determination module is used to determine the range of values ​​for the permeability enhancement parameters based on the physical properties of the target stratum.

[0039] The dataset construction module is used to build a finite element numerical model. The design parameters determined according to the range of the parameter values ​​are input into the finite element numerical model to build a design parameter-unit inflow dataset.

[0040] The parameter optimization module is used to optimize parameters based on the design parameters-unit inflow data set to obtain the target modification parameters.

[0041] The modification control module is used to modify the target layer according to the target modification parameters.

[0042] Thirdly, the present invention proposes a deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing system, which applies the above-mentioned deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing method, including:

[0043] Acid fracturing modification unit, which is used to perform acid fracturing modification based on the acid fracturing parameters in the target modification parameters;

[0044] A microwave radiation modification device is used to perform microwave radiation modification based on microwave radiation parameters in the target modification parameters. The microwave radiation modification device includes a microwave probe connected to a microwave generator. The working end face of the microwave probe has multiple microwave irradiation holes and an adsorber for adsorbing rocks in the target stratum.

[0045] In one embodiment, the microwave probe is provided with a plurality of microwave emitting rods, one end of which is connected to the microwave generator via a waveguide, and the other end corresponds to the corresponding microwave irradiation hole.

[0046] In one embodiment, a sensor assembly is further provided on the working end face of the microwave probe, the sensor assembly including an orientation sensor, a temperature sensor and a microwave power sensor.

[0047] The above-mentioned technical features can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent technical features, as long as the purpose of the present invention can be achieved.

[0048] The present invention provides a method, apparatus, and system for rock breaking and permeability enhancement of deep geothermal reservoirs, which, compared with the prior art, has at least the following advantages:

[0049] This invention discloses a method, apparatus, and system for deep geothermal reservoir permeability enhancement, creatively applying machine learning, intelligent optimization methods, and microwave rock-breaking technology to deep geothermal reservoir permeability enhancement, and forming a complete construction scheme. It effectively solves key challenges such as the high uncertainty of fracture propagation direction and the high risk of induced earthquakes in deep geothermal reservoirs. Combined with acid fracturing and other technologies for enhanced permeability enhancement, it significantly increases the volume of cavities within the fractures, enabling the enhancement effect to be maintained long-term. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Figure 1 The main flowchart of the method of the present invention is shown;

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the microwave radiation modification device portion of the modification system of the present invention is shown.

[0053] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals. The drawings are not to scale.

[0054] Figure label:

[0055] 1-Microwave generator, 2-Microwave source, 3-Water load, 4-Circulator, 5-Waveguide, 6-Microwave power controller, 7-Impedance matching regulator, 8-Microwave emitting rod, 9-Microwave irradiation hole, 10-Microwave probe, 11-Temperature sensor, 12-Adsorber, 13-Orientation sensor, 14-Microwave power sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0056] Microwaves are ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves with wavelengths ranging from 0.01 to 1 meter and frequencies from 0.3 to 300 GHz. They are characterized by short wavelengths and high frequencies, with commonly used rock-breaking frequencies being 0.915 GHz and 2.45 GHz. Under microwave radiation, the high-frequency reciprocating motion of dipole molecules within rocks generates "internal frictional heat," leading to an overall increase in rock temperature. Due to the different microwave absorption capabilities of the various minerals that make up the rock, a temperature gradient and thermal stress are generated within the rock during the microwave radiation heating process, thereby damaging the rock.

[0057] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing stimulation of deep carbonate geothermal reservoirs at depths of 3000–4000 m, comprising:

[0060] Step S100: Determine the range of values ​​for the permeability enhancement parameters based on the physical properties of the target stratum. The enhancement parameters include:

[0061] Microwave radiation parameters, including the microwave probe aperture spacing, microwave radiation time, and microwave radiation power, are given by the following formula:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula: ε is the equivalent dielectric constant of the rock, ε′ is the equivalent dielectric loss factor of the rock, and λ is the microwave wavelength;

[0064] Acid fracturing parameters include the composition, viscosity, and total amount of fracturing fluid, as well as the composition, concentration, viscosity, and total amount of acid.

[0065] Pumping parameters, including displacement and liquid distribution ratio in multi-stage injection phases;

[0066] Specifically, the target formation is first determined by identifying formations whose permeability does not meet production requirements based on data from pumping tests and microwave imaging. Then, the physical properties of the carbonate rocks are measured. Core samples are taken from the well to analyze the mineral composition, hardness, and dielectric properties of the carbonate rocks. A single-axis compressor is used to measure the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock, and a dielectric constant and equivalent dielectric loss factor are measured using a dielectric constant and dielectric loss tester to determine the range of values ​​for the stimulation parameters.

[0067] Step S200: Based on the geological model of the area where the target stratum is located, and combined with the porous media theory, establish a finite element numerical model. Input the design parameters determined according to the parameter value range into the finite element numerical model to construct the design parameter-unit inflow dataset.

[0068] Step S210: Divide the grid according to the parameter value range and a certain step size;

[0069] Step S220: Input the parameters in the mesh as design parameters into the finite element numerical model in sequence, perform the modification simulation, and construct the design parameter-unit inflow dataset based on the simulation results;

[0070] Specifically, a finite element numerical model (COMSOL) is constructed based on the geological model of the construction site and the theory of porous media. According to the range of modification parameters determined by the indoor tests of carbonate rocks, a grid is divided at a certain step size to form a parameter space. The samples in the parameter space are sequentially input into the finite element numerical model for modification simulation (simulation of microwave radiation and acid fracturing) to obtain the corresponding unit water inflow and construct a dataset of "design parameters - unit water inflow".

[0071] Step S300: Optimize parameters based on the design parameters-unit inflow data set to obtain the target modification parameters;

[0072] Step S310: Based on the design parameters - unit inflow data set, establish a machine learning model that meets the accuracy requirements. The machine learning model adopts an artificial neural network model.

[0073] Specifically, a machine learning model (artificial neural network model) with strong adaptive, self-organizing, and self-learning capabilities is adopted. RMSE (root mean square error) is used as the error function to construct a mapping relationship between design parameters and unit inflow without explicit expressions. After continuous training and optimization, when the RMSE reaches an acceptable accuracy, the model can be considered reasonable.

[0074] Step S320: Determine the cost function as the optimization objective, and use an optimization algorithm based on the machine learning model to determine the parameters corresponding to the minimum cost function value, and use them as the target modification parameters. The optimization algorithm adopts a genetic algorithm.

[0075] The cost function represents the ratio between the object parameter and the unit inflow rate in the infiltration enhancement modification parameters. The object parameter is the determining factor of the modification cost.

[0076] Specifically, the goal of parameter optimization is to obtain a set of cost-effective modification parameters as the target modification parameters. Cost-effectiveness primarily considers minimizing the cost of modification while maximizing the modification effect. The modification effect is mainly reflected by the unit inflow rate; a higher inflow rate indicates better fracture formation. The cost during the modification process mainly consists of the cost of fracturing fluid and acidizing fluid (acid fracturing is mainly used in this embodiment). This cost is related to the total amount of fracturing fluid L1, the total amount of acidizing fluid L2, the viscosity of fracturing fluid μ1, the viscosity of acidizing fluid μ2, and the equivalent concentration of acidizing fluid c. Considering the actual cost distribution and concentration as the main influencing factor of cost, let the unit inflow rate be M, and determine the cost function as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Using the cost function f as the optimization objective, a genetic algorithm is employed to set parameters such as population size, maximum number of generations, crossover probability, and mutation probability. This yields a set of modification parameters that minimizes the cost function (i.e., the ratio between the equivalent concentration c of the acidified solution and the unit inflow rate M), which are then used as the target modification parameters.

[0079] It should be noted that during the modification process, the relevant parameters are related. For example, in this embodiment, the equivalent concentration c of the acidifying liquid is first determined by optimization, and the determined equivalent concentration c of the acidifying liquid can determine the values ​​of other parameters, thereby determining a set of optimal modification parameters.

[0080] Step S400: Modify the target layer according to the target modification parameters.

[0081] Step S410: Input the target modification parameters into the finite element numerical model, perform modification simulation, and determine whether the target modification parameters meet the accuracy requirements based on the simulation results;

[0082] Step S420: Modify the target layer according to the target modification parameters that meet the accuracy requirements;

[0083] Specifically, the accuracy of this set of target modification parameters is verified using the aforementioned constructed finite element numerical model (COMSOL). If the accuracy requirements are met, the parameters are adopted; otherwise, they are re-optimized and a new set of target modification parameters is determined. The criterion for judging whether the accuracy requirements are met is the error of the simulation results, that is, the relative error of the unit inflow rate obtained from the simulation results obtained by the finite element numerical model (COMSOL). If the error is within an acceptable range, for example, less than 10% (this value can be adjusted depending on the specific situation), the target modification parameters can be considered to meet the accuracy requirements.

[0084] Step S430: Pump clean water into the wellbore corresponding to the target formation, replace the mud with clean water, and perform well flushing through circulation;

[0085] Step S440: Lower the microwave radiation system into the well and deliver it to the target formation. Perform microwave radiation on the rock of the target formation according to the microwave radiation parameters in the target modification parameters.

[0086] Specifically, the downhole microwave radiation rock-breaking system is first assembled and connected on the ground. This system mainly includes a microwave generator, waveguide, microwave probe, adsorber, azimuth sensor, microwave power regulator, impedance matching regulator, temperature sensor, and microwave power sensor. The downhole microwave radiation rock-breaking system is then deployed to the target formation. Using the azimuth sensor for orientation detection, the microwave probe is adjusted to align with the target azimuth, and microwave radiation is applied to the rock according to the target modification parameters.

[0087] It should be noted that this embodiment employs adaptive adjustment for microwave radiation power. The principle is as follows: the rock mass absorbs a portion of the microwave energy, while the remaining portion is reflected in the same manner. A microwave power sensor measures the microwave reflection power of the rock mass, and a temperature sensor measures the surface temperature of the rock mass. The received information is transmitted to the microwave power controller as an electrical signal. The microwave power controller has a built-in PLC-based power adjustment model that drives an impedance matching regulator to quickly achieve impedance matching, effectively reducing the reflection of high-frequency microwave signals and realizing adaptive adjustment of microwave power.

[0088] Step S450: Recover the microwave radiation system, prepare fracturing fluid and acid according to the acid fracturing parameters in the target modification parameters, and carry out acid fracturing;

[0089] Specifically, after completing the microwave irradiation operation, the microwave irradiation system is recovered and dismantled. High-viscosity fracturing fluid and acid of a certain concentration and viscosity are prepared according to the acidizing fracturing parameters in the target modification parameters, and acidizing fracturing operations are carried out according to the designed discharge rate in the target modification parameters. After the operation is completed, the residual fluid is immediately returned to the surface. The wellhead pressure is monitored in real time during the operation and must not exceed the allowable pressure.

[0090] It should be noted that the fracturing fluid in this embodiment is slickwater CNI, whose main components include water and polyacrylamide, with a viscosity of approximately 20 MPa·s. The target rock formation in this embodiment is mainly carbonate rock. The acid solution consists of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) in a volume ratio of 2:1. Hydrochloric acid is mainly used to dissolve the carbonate rock mineral matrix, while hydrofluoric acid is mainly used to dissolve clay minerals such as quartz and feldspar, as well as mineral fragments.

[0091] Step S500: Test the effect of the modification;

[0092] Step S510: Conduct pumping measurements on the modified target layer to obtain the modified measurement data;

[0093] Step S520: Compare the modified measured data with the measured data of pumping before the modification, and determine whether the modification target has been achieved based on the comparison results;

[0094] Step S530: If the modification goal is not achieved, repeat the modification process until the modification goal is achieved.

[0095] Specifically, the effects of the renovation can also be monitored through microwave imaging.

[0096] This embodiment primarily illustrates the principle of the method of the present invention based on a target deep carbonate rock geothermal reservoir at a depth of 3000–4000 m. The method can also be applied to geothermal reservoirs of other depths and types. For example, in granite geothermal reservoirs at a depth of 3000–5000 m, the same method can be used for geothermal reservoir permeability enhancement. The difference lies in the fact that granite is a deep-seated acidic igneous rock formed by the cooling and solidification of magma deep underground. Its main constituent minerals are feldspar, quartz, and mica. The acid solution used needs to be adjusted, and its composition includes hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF), with a volume ratio of 1:1. Other conditions can be adjusted adaptively.

[0097] Example 2

[0098] An embodiment of the present invention provides a deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing device, comprising:

[0099] The parameter range determination module is used to determine the range of values ​​for the permeability enhancement parameters based on the physical properties of the target stratum.

[0100] The dataset construction module is used to build a finite element numerical model. The design parameters, determined according to the range of parameter values, are input into the finite element numerical model to build a design parameter-unit inflow dataset.

[0101] The parameter optimization module is used to optimize parameters based on the design parameters-unit inflow dataset to obtain the target modification parameters.

[0102] The modification control module is used to modify the target layer according to the target modification parameters.

[0103] Specifically, the modification device of the present invention is mainly a virtual device for implementing the above method. The modification control module is mainly a control terminal that controls the corresponding equipment to modify the target layer according to the target modification parameters. This process also includes the transmission of target modification parameter data.

[0104] Example 3

[0105] Embodiments of the present invention provide a deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing system, which applies the aforementioned deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing method, including:

[0106] Acid fracturing modification unit, which is used to perform acid fracturing modification based on the acid fracturing parameters in the target modification parameters;

[0107] The microwave radiation modification device is used to perform microwave radiation modification based on the microwave radiation parameters in the target modification parameters. The microwave radiation modification device includes a microwave probe 10 connected to a microwave generator 1. The working end face of the microwave probe 10 has multiple microwave irradiation holes 9 and an adsorber 12 for adsorbing target layer rocks. Multiple microwave emitting rods 8 are installed inside the microwave probe 10. One end of the microwave emitting rod 8 is connected to the microwave generator 1 through a waveguide 5, and the other end corresponds to the corresponding microwave irradiation hole 9.

[0108] Specifically, the main improvement of the modification system of this invention lies in the setting of the microwave radiation modification device. Therefore, the structure of the acid fracturing modification device is not shown; current conventional structures can be referenced. The microwave radiation modification device is shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 2 As shown, it mainly includes a microwave probe 10 as the working part and a microwave generator 1 as the generation control part.

[0109] The microwave generator 1 mainly includes a microwave source 2, a water load 3, and a circulator 4. The microwave generator 1 is connected to the microwave probe 10 via a waveguide 5 and is used to transmit microwaves. The microwave generator 1 also includes a microwave power controller 6 and an impedance matching regulator 7 for power adjustment. The microwave probe 10 mainly has a microwave irradiation hole 9 and an adsorbent 12. The adsorbent 12 ensures that the microwave probe 10 is always in close contact with the rock at the target location, minimizing microwave scattering or reflection and reducing radiation efficiency. Multiple microwave emitting rods 8 are installed inside the microwave probe 10. One end of each microwave emitting rod 8 is connected to the microwave generator 1 via the waveguide 5, and the other end corresponds to the microwave irradiation hole 9.

[0110] Preferably, a sensor assembly is also provided on the working end face of the microwave probe 10, including an orientation sensor 13, a temperature sensor 11, and a microwave power sensor 14.

[0111] Specifically, the orientation sensor 13 is used to detect the orientation of the microwave probe 10 to determine the modification orientation. The temperature sensor 11 is an infrared temperature sensor used to detect the temperature of the rock in the target layer. The microwave power sensor 14 is used to detect the microwave reflected power of the rock mass.

[0112] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0113] While the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that different dependent claims and features described herein can be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing transformation of deep thermal reservoirs, characterized in that, include: The range of values ​​for the permeability enhancement parameters is determined based on the physical properties of the target stratum. Establish a finite element numerical model, input the design parameters determined according to the parameter value range into the finite element numerical model, and construct a design parameter-unit inflow dataset; Parameter optimization is performed based on the design parameters-unit inflow data set to obtain the target modification parameters; The target layer is modified according to the target modification parameters; Based on the design parameters-unit inflow data set, parameter optimization is performed to obtain the target modification parameters, including: Based on the design parameters and the unit inflow data set, a machine learning model that meets the accuracy requirements is established. A cost function is determined as the optimization objective. Based on the machine learning model, an optimization algorithm is used to determine the parameters corresponding to the minimum value of the cost function, and these parameters are used as the target modification parameters. The cost function represents the ratio between the object parameter and the unit inflow rate in the infiltration enhancement modification parameters, and the object parameter is the determining factor of the modification cost. The machine learning model uses an artificial neural network model, and the optimization algorithm uses a genetic algorithm.

2. The method for rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing deep thermal reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The design parameters, determined according to the range of the parameters, are input into the finite element numerical model to construct a design parameter-unit inflow dataset, including: Based on the range of parameter values, the grid is divided with a certain step size; The parameters within the grid are sequentially input into the finite element numerical model as the design parameters to perform the modification simulation. Based on the simulation results, the design parameter-unit inflow dataset is constructed.

3. The method for rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing transformation of deep thermal reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that, Modifying the target layer according to the target modification parameters further includes: The target modification parameters are input into the finite element numerical model to perform modification simulation, and the simulation results are used to determine whether the target modification parameters meet the accuracy requirements. The target layer is modified according to the target modification parameters that meet the accuracy requirements.

4. The method for rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing deep thermal reservoirs according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Based on the target modification parameters, the target layer is modified, including: The microwave radiation system is lowered into the well and delivered to the target formation. The rock in the target formation is then subjected to microwave radiation according to the microwave radiation parameters in the target modification parameters. The microwave radiation system is recovered, and fracturing fluid and acid are prepared according to the acid fracturing parameters in the target modification parameters to carry out acid fracturing.

5. The method for rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing transformation of deep thermal reservoirs according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before lowering the microwave radiation system into the well and delivering it to the target formation, the process also includes: Inject clean water into the wellbore corresponding to the target formation to perform well flushing.

6. The method for rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing deep thermal reservoirs according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, After modifying the target layer, the following is also included: Pumping measurements were performed on the target layer after the modification to obtain the modified measurement data. The modified measured data are compared with the measured data of pumping before the modification, and the modification target is determined based on the comparison results. If the modification goal is not achieved, the modification process is repeated until the modification goal is achieved.

7. The method for rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing deep thermal reservoirs according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Establishing a finite element numerical model includes: Based on the geological model of the region where the target stratum is located, and combined with the theory of porous media, the finite element numerical model is constructed.

8. The method for rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing stimulation of deep thermal reservoirs according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the stimulation parameters include: Microwave radiation parameters, including microwave probe aperture spacing, microwave radiation time, and microwave radiation power; Acid fracturing parameters include the composition, viscosity, and total amount of fracturing fluid, as well as the composition, concentration, viscosity, and total amount of acid. Pumping parameters include displacement and liquid distribution ratio in multi-stage injection phases.

9. A deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing device, characterized in that, include: The parameter range determination module is used to determine the range of values ​​for the permeability enhancement parameters based on the physical properties of the target stratum. The dataset construction module is used to build a finite element numerical model. The design parameters determined according to the range of the parameter values ​​are input into the finite element numerical model to build a design parameter-unit inflow dataset. The parameter optimization module is used to optimize parameters based on the design parameters-unit inflow data set to obtain the target modification parameters. The modification control module is used to modify the target layer according to the target modification parameters; Based on the design parameters-unit inflow data set, parameter optimization is performed to obtain the target modification parameters, including: Based on the design parameters and the unit inflow data set, a machine learning model that meets the accuracy requirements is established. A cost function is determined as the optimization objective. Based on the machine learning model, an optimization algorithm is used to determine the parameters corresponding to the minimum value of the cost function, and these parameters are used as the target modification parameters. The cost function represents the ratio between the object parameter and the unit inflow rate in the infiltration enhancement modification parameters, and the object parameter is the determining factor of the modification cost. The machine learning model uses an artificial neural network model, and the optimization algorithm uses a genetic algorithm.

10. A deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing system, employing the deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: Acid fracturing modification unit, which is used to perform acid fracturing modification based on the acid fracturing parameters in the target modification parameters; A microwave radiation modification device is used to perform microwave radiation modification based on microwave radiation parameters in the target modification parameters. The microwave radiation modification device includes a microwave probe connected to a microwave generator. The working end face of the microwave probe has multiple microwave irradiation holes and an adsorber for adsorbing rocks in the target stratum.

11. The deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The microwave probe contains multiple microwave emitting rods, one end of which is connected to the microwave generator via a waveguide, and the other end corresponds to the microwave irradiation hole.

12. The deep geothermal reservoir rock-breaking and permeability-enhancing system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The working end face of the microwave probe is also provided with a sensor assembly, which includes an orientation sensor, a temperature sensor, and a microwave power sensor.

Images