Display substrate, display panel

Abstract

This application provides a display substrate and a display panel, relating to the field of display technology. The display substrate includes a substrate; a pixel defining layer on the substrate; the pixel defining layer includes a partition portion and a plurality of first openings; the partition portion has a plurality of second openings, the depth of the first openings along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate is greater than the depth of the second openings along the same direction; and a plurality of light-emitting units, each light-emitting unit including a light-emitting functional layer, with a light-emitting functional layer disposed within each of the first openings and at least some of the second openings. This display panel exhibits high light emission efficiency at a forward viewing angle, high color purity, good display effect, and low power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate and a display panel. Background Technology

[0002] OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) is a new generation of display devices with advantages such as a wide color gamut and flexibility. Its advantages are becoming increasingly prominent in transparent displays, smart wearables, and high-precision displays. However, OLED devices are limited by existing pixel structures and resolution limits, restricting their application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a display substrate, comprising:

[0005] Substrate;

[0006] A pixel defining layer is located on the substrate; the pixel defining layer includes a partition portion and a plurality of first openings; the partition portion is provided with a plurality of second openings, wherein the depth of the first openings along the plane perpendicular to the substrate is greater than the depth of the second openings along the plane perpendicular to the substrate;

[0007] Multiple light-emitting units, each light-emitting unit including a light-emitting functional layer, wherein the light-emitting functional layer is disposed in each of the first openings, and at least a portion of the second openings are disposed in the light-emitting functional layer.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the depth of the first opening along the plane perpendicular to the substrate is equal to the thickness of the partition along the plane perpendicular to the substrate.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the display substrate further includes a plurality of refractive structures located between the substrate and the partition portion, and the orthographic projection of the refractive structure on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the partition portion on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the refractive structure on the substrate overlaps with the area defined by the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the second opening on the substrate.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the refractive structure includes at least one refractive portion, and the refractive index of the material of the refractive portion is less than the refractive index of the material of the barrier portion.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the light-emitting unit further includes an anode located between the refractive portion and the light-emitting functional layer;

[0012] Wherein, in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the distance between the surface of the anode near the substrate and the surface of the barrier away from the substrate, which is electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer in the second opening, is less than the distance between the surface of the refractive portion away from the substrate and the surface of the barrier away from the substrate.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the refractive structure includes a plurality of refractive portions, the partition portion covers each of the refractive portions and extends to the region between two adjacent refractive portions; the anode electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer in the second opening is in direct contact with the portion of the partition portion located on the side of the refractive portion away from the substrate.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, along a first direction, the height of each of the refractive portions gradually decreases along a plane perpendicular to the substrate; the first direction is the direction from the center of the region where the refractive structure is located to the edge of the region where the refractive structure is located.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the refractive structure includes a refractive portion, and the display substrate further includes a plurality of light-absorbing portions, the light-absorbing portions being located between the refractive portion and the anode;

[0016] Wherein, along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the distance between the surface of the light-absorbing part near the substrate and the surface of the blocking part away from the substrate is equal to the distance between the surface of the refractive part away from the substrate and the surface of the blocking part away from the substrate.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the light-emitting unit further includes an anode located between the refractive portion and the light-emitting functional layer, and the light-emitting functional layer is electrically connected to the anode; the refractive structure includes one of the refractive portions;

[0018] Wherein, along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the distance between the surface of the anode near the substrate and the surface of the barrier away from the substrate in the second opening is equal to the distance between the surface of the refractive part away from the substrate and the surface of the barrier away from the substrate.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, the anode electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer within the second opening is in direct contact with the surface of the refractive portion on the side away from the substrate.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, the display substrate further includes a plurality of light-absorbing portions, which are located between the substrate and the refractive portion, and the orthogonal projection of the light-absorbing portion on the substrate is within the orthogonal projection of the refractive portion on the substrate.

[0021] In some embodiments of this application, the orthogonal projection of the light-absorbing portion on the substrate is located within the orthogonal projection of the anode on the substrate, and the distance between the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the light-absorbing portion on the substrate and the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the anode on the substrate is greater than or equal to 1 μm.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, the plurality of light-emitting units include a first light-emitting unit, a second light-emitting unit, and a third light-emitting unit. The second light-emitting unit includes two disconnected parts, wherein the light-emitting functional layer of each second light-emitting unit is located within the second opening.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the outer contour of the light-emitting functional layer on the substrate is located within the outer contour of the anode on the substrate, the anode comprises a reflective conductive material, and the partition comprises a light-transmitting material.

[0024] In some embodiments of this application, the distance between the light-emitting functional layer located within the second opening and the surface of the barrier portion on the side away from the substrate is greater than zero in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate.

[0025] In some embodiments of this application, the refractive index of the material of the refractive structure ranges from 1.4 to 1.7.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, the cross-section of the refractive portion along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate includes a polygon, an arc, or a combination of polygons and arcs.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, the cross-sectional shape of the refractive portion along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate includes a trapezoid, and the angle of the base angle of the trapezoid is in the range of 30° to 60°.

[0028] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a display panel, including the display substrate as described in the first aspect.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figures 1-6B These are schematic diagrams of the structures of eight display substrates provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a top view of a refractive structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 8 A top view of a display substrate provided in the related art for the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a top view of a display substrate provided as an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] In the figures, for clarity, the thickness of regions and layers may be exaggerated. The same reference numerals in the figures denote the same or similar structures, and therefore their detailed descriptions are omitted. Furthermore, the figures are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0037] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect, only for the purpose of clearly describing the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0039] The polygons used in this specification are not strictly defined; they can be approximate triangles, rectangles, trapezoids, pentagons, or hexagons, etc. They may have minor deformations due to tolerances, and may include chamfers, fillets, curved edges, and other variations.

[0040] In this specification, "parallel" refers to the state where the angle formed by two straight lines is greater than or equal to -10° and less than 10°, and therefore also includes the state where the angle is greater than or equal to -5° and less than 5°. Similarly, "perpendicular" refers to the state where the angle formed by two straight lines is greater than or equal to 80° and less than 100°, and therefore also includes the state where the angle is greater than or equal to 85° and less than 95°.

[0041] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) is a next-generation display device with advantages such as a wide color gamut and flexibility / foldability. Its advantages are becoming increasingly prominent in transparent displays, smart wearables, and high-precision displays. However, OLED devices are inherently limited by their existing pixel structure, leading to problems such as difficulty in improving resolution, light crosstalk, and low light extraction efficiency, thus restricting their application scenarios. This application provides a novel display substrate designed to improve the overall performance of OLED devices.

[0043] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a display substrate, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0044] Substrate 1;

[0045] A pixel defining layer 3 is located on a substrate; the pixel defining layer 3 includes a partition portion 31 and a plurality of first openings K1; a plurality of second openings K2 are provided on the partition portion 31, and the depth h1 of the first openings K1 along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1 is greater than the depth h2 of the second openings K2 along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1.

[0046] Multiple light-emitting units 4, each light-emitting unit 4 includes a light-emitting functional layer 41, and each first opening K1 is provided with a light-emitting functional layer 41, and at least some of the second openings K2 are provided with a light-emitting functional layer 41.

[0047] The type of substrate 1 described above is not limited. For example, substrate 1 may be a rigid substrate, such as glass or silicon; for another example, substrate 1 may be a flexible substrate, such as flexible polyimide (PI).

[0048] When substrate 1 is a rigid substrate, the display substrate can be used to fabricate rigid display products; when substrate 1 is a flexible substrate, the display substrate can be used to fabricate flexible display products. The specific method can be determined based on the product requirements.

[0049] The aforementioned pixel definition layer (PDL layer) 3 is located in the display area of ​​the display substrate, excluding the light-emitting area (the area where OLED light-emitting units are disposed) (non-light-emitting area). In related technologies, the pixel definition layer 3 has an opening (e.g., a first opening K1) at the position corresponding to the light-emitting area to facilitate the placement of the light-emitting functional layer.

[0050] The display area (Active Area, AA) of the aforementioned display substrate refers to the area used to realize the display; the light-emitting area (also known as the pixel aperture area) refers to the area in the display area where OLED light-emitting units are disposed, and the OLED light-emitting unit includes an anode, a light-emitting functional layer, and a cathode; in related technologies, the non-light-emitting area refers to the area in the display area AA other than the light-emitting area. In this area, a pixel defining layer (PDL) and a pixel circuit unit can be disposed. The pixel circuit unit may include a TFT (Thin Film Transistor), gate lines, data lines, etc.

[0051] The pixel defining layer 3 is made of organic materials. The specific types of organic materials included in the pixel defining layer 3 are not limited here, but can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0052] For example, the material of the pixel defining layer 3 may include an organic light-transmitting material, or the material of the pixel defining layer 3 may include an organic light-shielding (light-absorbing) material. It should be noted that, since the pixel defining layer 3 in the related art is a light-shielding (light-absorbing) material, according to the definition in the related art, the above-mentioned light-emitting area refers to the area where the OLED light-emitting unit is disposed. In this application, the light-emitting area still refers to the area where the OLED light-emitting unit is disposed, and the situation where the material of the pixel defining layer 3 is a light-transmitting material and may emit light is not considered here.

[0053] The cross-sectional shape of the partition portion 31 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1 is not limited here. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the partition portion 31 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1 can be a polygon, such as a quadrilateral. The quadrilateral can include, for example, a polygonal shape. Figure 1The trapezoid shown.

[0054] Here, the shape and size of the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the first opening K1 onto the substrate 1 are not limited. Rather, the shape and size of the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the first opening K1 onto the substrate 1 can be determined based on the shape and size of the light-emitting unit located in the first opening K1.

[0055] The number of second openings K2 provided on the partition 31 is not limited here, and can be determined according to the product design. For example, the number of second openings K2 is less than or equal to the number of first openings K1.

[0056] The depth h1 of the first opening K1 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1 is greater than the depth h2 of the second opening K2 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1. For example, the depth h1 of the first opening K1 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1 can be equal to the thickness of the pixel defining layer 3 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1, and the depth h2 of the second opening K2 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1 can be less than the thickness of the pixel defining layer 3 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1.

[0057] It should be noted that in the specification of this application, the substrate 1 is a three-dimensional structure, but since its size in the thickness direction is small, it can be approximated as a plane. Therefore, the relevant description of "the plane where the substrate is located" is used to help explain the characteristics of other related structures.

[0058] The aforementioned light-emitting unit 4 includes an OLED light-emitting unit, which may include an anode, a light-emitting functional layer, and a cathode. The light-emitting functional layer may include multiple film layers, such as: a hole injection layer (HIL layer), a hole transport layer (HTL layer), an organic transition buffer layer (Prime layer), a light-emitting layer (EML layer), a hole blocking layer (HBL layer), and an electron injection layer. The emission color of the OLED light-emitting unit can be determined based on the emission color of the light-emitting layer (EML layer).

[0059] The color of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit is not limited here. For example, the light-emitting unit can be any one of a red light-emitting unit, a green light-emitting unit, or a blue light-emitting unit.

[0060] Furthermore, since the display substrate includes multiple light-emitting units, it can also include light-emitting units of three different colors: red, green, or blue. Alternatively, it can include only one color of light-emitting units, such as multiple red, green, or blue units. The specific color can be determined based on actual requirements.

[0061] Among them, at least a portion of the second opening K2 is provided with a light-emitting functional layer 41, including the following cases:

[0062] 1. A light-emitting functional layer 41 is provided inside part of the second opening K2;

[0063] 2. All second openings K2 are equipped with a light-emitting functional layer 41.

[0064] For example, the above-described display substrate can be applied to OLED display products. For instance, the above-described display substrate can be applied to silicon-based OLED display products; or, the above-described display substrate can be applied to glass-based OLED display products.

[0065] In the display substrate provided in the embodiments of this application, the display substrate includes a substrate 1; a pixel defining layer 3 located on the substrate; the pixel defining layer 3 includes a partition portion 31 and a plurality of first openings K1; a plurality of second openings K2 are provided on the partition portion 31, the depth h1 of the first openings K1 along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1 is greater than the depth h2 of the second openings K2 along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1; a plurality of light-emitting units 4, the light-emitting unit 4 includes a light-emitting functional layer 41, a light-emitting functional layer 41 is provided in each of the first openings K1, and a light-emitting functional layer 41 is provided in at least some of the second openings K2.

[0066] Thus, as Figure 9 As shown, by providing multiple second openings K2 on the partition portion 31 of the pixel defining layer 3, in addition to providing a light-emitting functional layer 41 in the first opening K1, a light-emitting functional layer 41 of the light-emitting unit 4 is also provided in at least part of the second openings K2, which greatly reduces the spacing between two adjacent light-emitting units 4, increases the design density of the light-emitting units 4 in the display substrate, and thus improves the resolution of the display substrate.

[0067] In related technologies, such as Figure 8 As shown, the pixel delimiting layer (also known as the pixel definition layer) serves to define the light-emitting area of ​​the pixel. However, due to the limitations of the material in the evaporation process of the pixel delimiting layer, the spacing (PDL Gap) between two adjacent sub-pixels cannot be further reduced, resulting in a low aperture ratio for OLED display products, for example, an aperture ratio of 20% to 30%. While it is difficult to increase the aperture ratio, the resolution of the pixels cannot be further improved.

[0068] Compared to Figure 8 The light-emitting unit design of OLED products shown in the related technologies, the display substrate provided by the embodiments of this application breaks the resolution limitation of the pixel (light-emitting unit) design scheme in the related technologies, proposes a brand-new light-emitting unit design and arrangement scheme, and can simultaneously improve the aperture ratio and resolution of the display substrate.

[0069] In addition, since the light-emitting functional layer 41 of some light-emitting units is located in the second opening K2, the distance between these light-emitting units and the light-emitting side of the display substrate is closer, shortening the light propagation path and thus improving the light utilization rate.

[0070] In practical applications, for all the partitions 31 arranged in the array, in some embodiments, the partitions 31 with the second opening K2 can be arranged at intervals; for example, for the same row of partitions 31, the first partition 31 is provided with the second opening K2, the second partition 31 is not provided with the second opening K2, the third partition 31 is provided with the second opening K2, and the fourth partition 31 is not provided with the second opening K2.

[0071] In other embodiments, a second opening K2 may be provided on the partition portion 31 in a local area of ​​the display area AA of the display substrate. For example, for the same row of partition portions 31, the first to the tenth partition portions 31 are provided with a second opening K2, while the eleventh to the twentieth partition portions 31 are not provided with a second opening K2.

[0072] When a second opening K2 is provided on each partition 31, in some embodiments, for all the second openings K2 arranged in the array, each second opening K2 with a light-emitting functional layer 41 can be provided at intervals; for example, for each second opening K2 located in the same row, the first second opening K2 is provided with a light-emitting functional layer 41, the second second opening K2 is not provided with a light-emitting functional layer 41, the third second opening K2 is provided with a light-emitting functional layer 41, and the fourth second opening K2 is not provided with a light-emitting functional layer 41.

[0073] In other embodiments, a light-emitting functional layer 41 may be provided in a second opening K2 in a local area of ​​the display area AA of the display substrate; for example, for each second opening K2 located in the same row, the first to the tenth second opening K2 are provided with a light-emitting functional layer 41, and the eleventh to the twentieth second opening K2 are not provided with a light-emitting functional layer 41.

[0074] Of course, other situations may exist. The above example is not intended to limit the position of the partition 31 with the second opening K2, nor is it intended to limit the position of each second opening K2 with the light-emitting functional layer 41.

[0075] In some embodiments of this application, each partition 31 is provided with a second opening K2, and each second opening K2 is provided with a light-emitting functional layer 41.

[0076] In the embodiments of this application, by providing a second opening K2 on each of the partition portions 31 of the pixel defining layer 3, and providing a light-emitting functional layer 41 in each of the second openings K2, the design density of the light-emitting units of the display substrate can be greatly increased, thereby making more efficient use of the design space on the display substrate. While ensuring that the layout of each structure is reasonable, the aperture ratio and resolution of the display substrate are improved, which is beneficial to the preparation of high-performance display products.

[0077] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the depth h1 of the first opening K1 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1 is equal to the thickness h3 of the partition 31 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1.

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, the light-emitting unit 4 includes an anode 42 and a light-emitting functional layer 41. In the actual fabrication process, the anode 42 of the light-emitting unit 4 is formed first, and then the pixel defining layer 3 is formed. The light-emitting functional layer 41 is formed in the first opening K1 of the pixel defining layer 3. Therefore, when the first opening K1 penetrates the pixel defining layer 3, the depth h1 of the first opening K1 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1 is set to be equal to the thickness h3 of the partition portion 31 along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1. It should be noted that forming the pixel defining layer 3 includes first forming a pixel defining film, and then forming the partition portion 31 and the penetrating second opening K2 through patterning. At this time, the second opening K2 can be understood as a large-sized via. The second opening K2 can expose a part of the anode 42 located between the pixel defining layer 3 and the substrate 1, so that the anode 42 and the light-emitting functional layer 41 can directly contact and be electrically connected.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the display substrate also includes multiple refractive structures 2. The refractive structures 2 are located between the substrate 1 and the partition 31, and the orthographic projection of the refractive structure 2 on the substrate 1 is within the orthographic projection of the partition 31 on the substrate 1. The orthographic projection of the refractive structure 2 on the substrate 1 overlaps with the area defined by the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the second opening K2 on the substrate 1.

[0080] In an exemplary embodiment, the orthogonal projection of the refractive structure 2 onto the substrate 1 is located within the orthogonal projection of the barrier portion 31 onto the substrate 1, including the following cases:

[0081] First, the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the refractive structure 2 on the substrate 1 is located within the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the partition portion 31 on the substrate 1.

[0082] Second, the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the refractive structure 2 on the substrate 1 overlaps with the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the partition 31 on the substrate 1.

[0083] It should be noted that in this specification, "overlapping" means at least partial overlap.

[0084] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5A As shown, the refractive structure 2 includes at least one refractive part 21, and the refractive index of the material of the refractive part 21 is less than the refractive index of the material of the partition part 31.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the refractive structure 2 includes a refractive section 21; in other embodiments, such as Figure 5A As shown, the refractive structure 2 includes three refractive parts 21;

[0086] It should be noted that when a refractive structure 2 includes multiple refractive parts 21, there is no restriction on whether there is a gap between two adjacent refractive parts 21.

[0087] For example, there is a gap between two adjacent refractive parts 21 in the same refractive structure 2; more specifically, there is direct contact between two adjacent refractive parts 21 in the same refractive structure 2. The accompanying drawings provided in the embodiments of this application are illustrated with an example of a gap between two adjacent refractive parts 21 in the same refractive structure 2.

[0088] The shape of the orthographic projection of the refractive portion 21 onto the substrate 1 is not limited here. For example, the shape of the orthographic projection of the refractive portion 21 onto the substrate 1 may include a polygon, an arc, or a combination of an arc and a polygon. For instance, a polygon may include... Figure 7 The quadrilaterals and arcs shown can include circles, and shapes formed by combining arcs and polygons can include rounded quadrilaterals. The specifics can be determined based on the actual situation.

[0089] The shape of the cross-section of the refractive portion 21 perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1 is not limited here. For example, the shape of the cross-section of the refractive portion 21 perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1 may include a polygon, an arc, or a combination of an arc and a polygon. In this embodiment, a trapezoidal shape is used as an example to illustrate the shape of the cross-section of the refractive portion 21 perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1.

[0090] The material of the refractive part 21 is not limited here. For example, the material of the refractive part 21 may include inorganic light-transmitting materials, such as at least one of silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxide (SiO2), or silicon oxynitride (SiNxOy).

[0091] The material of the partition 31 is not limited here. For example, the material of the partition 31 may include an organic light-transmitting material, such as an organic resin.

[0092] In an exemplary embodiment, the refractive index of the material of the partition portion 31 may range from 1.8 to 2.2.

[0093] In the embodiments of this application, a refractive structure 2 is provided between the partition portion 31 and the substrate 1. Since the refractive index of the material of the refractive structure 2 is less than the refractive index of the material of the partition portion 31, ... Figure 1 As indicated by the "Light" mark, since the side of the light-emitting unit 4 is in direct contact with the partition 31, when the light emitted from the light-emitting unit 4 enters the partition 31 from the side, the partition 31 is an optically denser medium and the refractive structure 2 is an optically less dense medium. When the light enters the less dense medium from the optically denser medium, reflection mainly occurs at the interface between the two media. This reflection causes most of the light to exit through the partition 31. This significantly improves the light emission efficiency of the display panel at the forward viewing angle and reduces power consumption.

[0094] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown, the light-emitting unit 4 also includes an anode 42 located between the refractive part 2 and the light-emitting functional layer 41;

[0095] In the direction perpendicular to the plane of substrate 1, the distance d1 between the surface of the anode 42 of the light-emitting functional layer 41 in the second opening K2 that is electrically connected to the anode 42 near the substrate 1 and the surface of the partition 31 away from the substrate 1 is less than the distance d2 between the surface of the refractive part 21 away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the partition 31 away from the substrate 1.

[0096] The material of the anode 42 is not limited here. For example, the material of the anode 42 may include a light-transmitting conductive material, such as a semiconductor material like indium tin oxide (ITO); or, the material of the anode 42 may include a light-blocking conductive material, such as a metallic material like copper (Cu).

[0097] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the second opening K2 has a large depth, so that there is no material of the partition 31 between the anode 42 and the refractive part 21. In addition, the display substrate also includes a light-absorbing part 5, which is located between the anode 42 and the refractive part 21. The surface of the light-absorbing part 5 away from the substrate 1 is in contact with the anode 42, and the surface of the light-absorbing part 5 near the substrate 1 is in contact with the refractive part 21. Thus, the distance d2 between the surface of the refractive part 21 away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the partition 31 away from the substrate 1 is equal to the sum of the distance d1 between the surface of the anode 42 near the substrate 1 and the surface of the partition 31 away from the substrate 1 connected to the light-emitting functional layer 41 in the second opening K2 and the thickness of the light-absorbing part 5 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1.

[0098] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 4 enters the blocking part 31 from the side, the light mainly undergoes reflection at the interface of the two media, and a small portion of the light enters the refractive structure 2 from the blocking part 31. The light entering the refractive structure 2 can be absorbed by the light-absorbing part 5, thereby greatly improving the problem of crosstalk between adjacent light-emitting units of different colors and improving the display effect.

[0099] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5A As shown, the depth of the second opening K2 is relatively small, so that a partition 31 material is also provided between the anode 42 and the refractive part 21. In this way, the distance d1 between the surface of the anode 42 near the substrate 1 and the surface of the partition 31 away from the substrate 1, which is electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer 41 in the second opening K2, is less than the distance d2 between the surface of the refractive part 21 away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the partition 31 away from the substrate 1. The difference between d2 and d1 is determined according to the thickness of the material of the partition 31 located between the anode 42 and the refractive part 21.

[0100] In yet other embodiments, reference is made to Figure 5B As shown, the depth of the second opening K2 is small, so that a partition 31 is provided between the anode 42 and the refractive part 21. In addition, the display substrate also includes a light-absorbing part 5, which is located between the anode 42 and the refractive part 21. Thus, the difference between d2 and d1 is determined by the thickness of the material of the partition 31 located between the anode 42 and the refractive part 21 and the thickness of the light-absorbing part 5.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5A As shown, the refractive structure 2 includes multiple refractive portions 21, and the partition portion 31 covers each refractive portion 21 and extends to the area between two adjacent refractive portions 21; the anode 42 electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer 41 in the second opening K2 is in direct contact with the portion of the partition portion 31 located on the side of the refractive portion 21 away from the substrate 1.

[0102] exist Figure 5A In the present invention, since the refractive structure 2 includes multiple refractive parts 21, the surface of the refractive structure 2 away from the substrate 1 is not a flat plane. Therefore, when forming the anode 41 on such a surface, it will increase the difficulty of the manufacturing process and greatly increase the probability of cracks appearing on the surface of the anode 41, causing the anode 41 to break. In the embodiments of this application, by providing a material with a partition part 31 between the anode 41 and the refractive structure 2, this part of the material is leveled to form a flat surface. When forming the anode 41 or other structures, the manufacturing process difficulty is reduced, the manufacturing yield of the display substrate is improved, and the cost is saved.

[0103] In other embodiments, such as Figure 5B As shown, the refractive structure 2 includes multiple refractive sections 21, and a partition 31 covers each refractive section 21 and extends to the area between two adjacent refractive sections 21. A light-absorbing section 5 is also provided between the anode 42 electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer 41 within the second opening K2 and the refractive section 21, and the light-absorbing section 5 and the partition 31 located on the side of the refractive section 21 away from the substrate 1 are in direct contact. In this way, the light-absorbing section 5 can absorb light that has not been emitted from the partition 31, thereby avoiding light crosstalk between two adjacent light-emitting units 4 of different colors, thus improving the color purity of the display substrate and enhancing the display effect.

[0104] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6A and Figure 6B As shown, along the first direction, the height of each refractive part 21 gradually decreases along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 1; the first direction is the direction from the center of the region where the refractive structure 2 is located to the edge of the region where the refractive structure 2 is located.

[0105] The "center" of the region where the refractive structure 2 is located refers to the region located in the center, not a specific location in the center. Similarly, the "edge" refers to the region located at the central edge, not the outer contour of the region where the refractive structure 2 is located.

[0106] In the embodiments of this application, when some light rays enter the refraction section 21 from the blocking section 31, by setting the height of the refraction section 21 in the central region to be greater than the height of the refraction section 21 in the edge region, as much light ray as possible can pass through the refraction of the refraction section 21 in the edge region and the refraction section 21 in the central region in sequence before exiting from the blocking section 31, thereby further improving the light emission rate of the display panel at the positive viewing angle, improving the display effect, and reducing power consumption.

[0107] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2As shown, the refractive structure 2 includes a refractive part 21, and the display substrate also includes a plurality of light-absorbing parts 5, which are located between the refractive part 21 and the anode 42;

[0108] In this case, along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1, the distance d2 between the surface of the light-absorbing part 5 near the substrate 1 and the surface of the barrier part 31 away from the substrate 1 is equal to the distance d3 between the surface of the refractive part 21 away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the barrier part 31 away from the substrate 1.

[0109] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 4 enters the blocking part 31 from the side, the light mainly undergoes reflection at the interface of the two media, and a small portion of the light enters the refractive structure 2 from the blocking part 31. The light entering the refractive structure 2 can be absorbed by the light-absorbing part 5, thereby greatly improving the problem of crosstalk between adjacent light-emitting units of different colors and improving the display effect.

[0110] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the light-emitting unit 4 also includes an anode 42 located between the refractive part 21 and the light-emitting functional layer 41; the refractive structure 2 includes a refractive part 21; wherein, along the direction perpendicular to the plane where the substrate 1 is located, the distance d1 between the surface of the anode 42 electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer 41 in the second opening K2 near the substrate 1 and the surface of the partition part 31 away from the substrate 1 is equal to the distance d2 between the surface of the refractive part 21 away from the substrate and the surface of the partition part away from the substrate.

[0111] In the embodiments of this application, since the side of the light-emitting unit 4 is in direct contact with the partition 31, when the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 4 enters the partition 31 from the side, the partition 31 is an optically denser medium and the refractive structure 2 is an optically less dense medium. When the light enters the less dense medium from the optically denser medium, the light is mainly reflected at the interface of the two media. The reflection causes most of the light to exit the partition 31. In this way, the light emission efficiency of the display panel at the front viewing angle is greatly improved, power consumption is reduced, and cost is reduced.

[0112] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the anode 42, which is electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer 41 in the second opening K2, is in direct contact with the surface of the refractive part 21 on the side away from the substrate 1.

[0113] In practical applications, by designing the anode 42 to be in direct contact with the refractive structure 21, the design of the display substrate is simplified, the difficulty of the manufacturing process is reduced, the production cycle is shortened, and the cost is further reduced.

[0114] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the display substrate also includes a plurality of light-absorbing portions 5, which are located between the substrate 1 and the refractive portion 21, and the orthogonal projection of the light-absorbing portion 5 on the substrate 1 is within the orthogonal projection of the refractive portion 21 on the substrate 1.

[0115] Wherein, the orthogonal projection of the light-absorbing part 5 on the substrate 1 is located within the orthogonal projection of the refractive part 21 on the substrate 1, including but not limited to the following situations:

[0116] like Figure 3 As shown, the outer contour of the light-absorbing part 5 projected onto the substrate 1 as an orthogonal projection S1 overlaps with the outer contour of the refractive part 21 projected onto the substrate 1 as an orthogonal projection S2.

[0117] Or, such as Figure 4 As shown, the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the light-absorbing part 5 on the substrate 1 is located within the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the refractive part 21 on the substrate 1.

[0118] In an exemplary embodiment, the material of the light-absorbing part 5 includes a light-absorbing material; for example, black resin, or, for example, the same material as the black matrix BM.

[0119] In this way, light that is not reflected by the refractive structure 21 may be directly incident on the light-absorbing part 5 and absorbed by the light-absorbing part 5 after entering the refractive part 21, or it may be reflected by the anode 42 and then incident on the light-absorbing part 5 and absorbed by the light-absorbing part 5. This largely avoids the problem of light crosstalk between two adjacent light-emitting units 4 of different colors, thereby improving the color purity of the display substrate and improving the display effect.

[0120] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the orthogonal projection S3 of the light-absorbing part 5 on the substrate 1 is located within the orthogonal projection S4 of the anode 42 on the substrate 1, and the distance R between the outer contour of the orthogonal projection S3 of the light-absorbing part 5 on the substrate 1 and the outer contour S4 of the orthogonal projection of the anode 42 on the substrate 1 is greater than or equal to 1 μm.

[0121] In some embodiments of this application, by setting the distance between the outer contour of the orthogonal projection S3 of the light-absorbing part 5 on the substrate 1 and the outer contour S4 of the orthogonal projection of the anode 42 on the substrate 1 to be greater than or equal to 1 μm, and since the anode 42 is located on the upper surface of the refractive part 21 and the light-absorbing part 5 is close to the lower surface of the refractive part 21, and due to limitations in the material preparation process of the refractive part 21, the distance between the outer contour of the orthogonal projection S3 of the light-absorbing part 5 on the substrate 1 and the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the refractive part 21 on the substrate 1 in the actual product is also greater than or equal to 1 μm, thereby allowing the refractive part 21 to cover the light-absorbing part 5 and extend to the areas on both sides of the light-absorbing part 5. In this way, some light rays may enter the refractive part 21 but not be absorbed by the light-absorbing part 5, and after reflection from the substrate 1, be emitted from the blocking part 31. While the light-absorbing part 5 improves the light crosstalk problem, it further increases the brightness of the display substrate at the orthogonal viewing angle, thus improving the display effect.

[0122] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the multiple light-emitting units 3 include a first light-emitting unit, a second light-emitting unit, and a third light-emitting unit. The second light-emitting unit includes two disconnected parts, wherein the light-emitting functional layer 41 of each second light-emitting unit is located within the second opening K2.

[0123] For example, the first light-emitting unit can be a red light-emitting unit, the third light-emitting unit can be a blue light-emitting unit, and the second light-emitting unit can be a green light-emitting unit. This design can be called a GGRB pixel design.

[0124] In the accompanying drawings provided in the embodiments of this application, the light-emitting functional layer 41 of each second light-emitting unit is located within the second opening K2, and the light-emitting functional layer 41 of each first light-emitting unit and the light-emitting functional layer 41 of the third light-emitting unit are located within the first opening K1.

[0125] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outer contour of the light-emitting functional layer 41 on the substrate 1 is located within the outer contour of the anode 42 on the substrate 1. The anode 42 includes a reflective conductive material, and the partition portion 31 includes a light-transmitting material.

[0126] In related technologies, a pixel definition layer is provided, including a light-absorbing coating or a light-shielding coating, to provide light-shielding functionality and prevent light crosstalk. However, its light efficiency utilization is extremely low. In the embodiments of this application, by providing a light-transmitting material in the partition 31 and a refractive part 21 between the partition 31 and the substrate 1, the light emission efficiency at the positive viewing angle is improved through the reflection and refraction between the two structures, while also reducing light crosstalk to a certain extent. In addition, by additionally providing, such as Figure 2 or Figure 3The light-absorbing part 5 shown can ensure the light emission efficiency at the normal viewing angle while further reducing light crosstalk, thereby improving the display effect.

[0127] In some embodiments of this application, the distance between the light-emitting functional layer 41 located in the second opening K2 and the surface of the barrier portion 31 on the side away from the substrate 1 is greater than zero in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1. This isolates the light-emitting functional layer 41 located in the first opening K1 and the light-emitting functional layer 41 located in the second opening K2. When fabricating the light-emitting functional layer 41 located in the second opening K2, it is possible to prevent it from contacting the adjacent light-emitting functional layer 41 in the first opening K1, thereby avoiding the problem of color mixing of the light-emitting functional materials.

[0128] In some embodiments of this application, the refractive index of the material of the refractive structure ranges from 1.4 to 1.7.

[0129] For example, the refractive index of the material of the refractive structure may include 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, or 1.7.

[0130] In some embodiments of this application, the cross-sectional shape of the refractive portion 21 along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1 includes polygons, arcs, or a combination of polygons and arcs.

[0131] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cross-section of the refractive part 21 along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1 includes a trapezoid, and the angle range of the base angle α of the trapezoid is 30° to 60°.

[0132] The trapezoid includes a set of parallel first and second sides, with the length of the first side being greater than the length of the second side. The first side is called the lower base, and the second side is called the upper base. It also includes a third and a fourth side that connect the first and second sides. The angles formed by the third side and the first side, as well as the angles formed by the fourth side and the first side, are called the base angles of the trapezoid.

[0133] For example, the angle of the base angle α of the trapezoid can be 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50° or 60°.

[0134] In an exemplary embodiment, the length of the base of the trapezoid ranges from 3μm to 10μm, and the height of the trapezoid ranges from 1μm to 3μm.

[0135] For example, the length of the base of the trapezoid may be 3μm, 4μm, 5μm, or 6μm, and the height of the trapezoid may be 1.2μm, 1.5μm, 1.8μm, 2μm, or 2.5μm.

[0136] In the embodiments of this application, when the cross-sectional shape of the refractive portion 21 along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 1 includes a trapezoid, and the angle range of the base angle α of the trapezoid is 30° to 60°, the brightness of the light emitted from the positive viewing angle of the display substrate is large, the light utilization rate is high, and the display effect can be greatly improved while reducing power consumption.

[0137] Embodiments of this application provide a display panel, including the display substrate as described above.

[0138] The structure of the aforementioned display substrate can be referred to in the previous description, and will not be repeated here.

[0139] In addition, the aforementioned display panel may include an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display panel, such as a glass-based OLED display panel or a silicon-based OLED display panel.

[0140] Embodiments of this application provide a display device including a display panel as described above. The display device can be an OLED display or other display device, or any product or component with display functionality, such as a television, digital camera, mobile phone, or tablet computer, that includes such display devices. This display device features high light emission efficiency at a forward viewing angle, high color purity, and excellent display performance.

[0141] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A display substrate, wherein, include: Substrate; Pixel defining layer located on the substrate; The pixel defining layer includes a partition portion and a plurality of first openings. The partition portion is provided with a plurality of second openings. The depth of the first openings along the plane perpendicular to the substrate is greater than the depth of the second openings along the plane perpendicular to the substrate. Multiple light-emitting units, each light-emitting unit including a light-emitting functional layer, each first opening having the light-emitting functional layer disposed therein, and at least a portion of the second openings having the light-emitting functional layer disposed therein; The second opening exposes a portion of the anode located between the pixel defining layer and the substrate, and the anode is in direct contact with and electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer; Wherein, in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the distance between the light-emitting functional layer located in the second opening and the surface of the barrier portion away from the substrate is greater than zero.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein, The depth of the first opening along the plane perpendicular to the substrate is equal to the thickness of the partition along the plane perpendicular to the substrate. 3.The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, The display substrate further includes a plurality of refractive structures, which are located between the substrate and the partition portion. The orthographic projection of the refractive structure on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the partition portion on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the refractive structure on the substrate overlaps with the area defined by the orthographic projection of the outer contour of the second opening on the substrate. 4.The display substrate of claim 3, wherein, The refractive structure includes at least one refractive part, and the refractive index of the material of the refractive part is less than the refractive index of the material of the barrier part. 5.The display substrate of claim 4, wherein, The light-emitting unit further includes an anode located between the refractive portion and the light-emitting functional layer; Wherein, in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the distance between the surface of the anode near the substrate and the surface of the barrier away from the substrate, which is electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer in the second opening, is less than the distance between the surface of the refractive portion away from the substrate and the surface of the barrier away from the substrate. 6.The display substrate of claim 5, wherein, The refractive structure includes a plurality of refractive portions, the partition portion covers each of the refractive portions and extends to the region between two adjacent refractive portions; the anode electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer in the second opening is in direct contact with the portion of the partition portion located on the side of the refractive portion away from the substrate. 7.The display substrate of claim 6, wherein, Along the first direction, the height of each of the refractive portions gradually decreases along the plane perpendicular to the substrate; the first direction is the direction from the center of the region where the refractive structure is located to the edge of the region where the refractive structure is located. 8.The display substrate of claim 5, wherein, The refractive structure includes a refractive section, and the display substrate further includes a plurality of light-absorbing sections, wherein the light-absorbing sections are located between the refractive section and the anode. Wherein, along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the distance between the surface of the light-absorbing part near the substrate and the surface of the blocking part away from the substrate is equal to the distance between the surface of the refractive part away from the substrate and the surface of the blocking part away from the substrate. 9.The display substrate of claim 4, wherein, The light-emitting unit further includes an anode located between the refractive portion and the light-emitting functional layer, and the light-emitting functional layer is electrically connected to the anode; the refractive structure includes one of the refractive portions; Wherein, along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the distance between the surface of the anode near the substrate and the surface of the barrier away from the substrate in the second opening is equal to the distance between the surface of the refractive part away from the substrate and the surface of the barrier away from the substrate. 10.The display substrate of claim 9, wherein, The anode, which is electrically connected to the light-emitting functional layer within the second opening, is in direct contact with the surface of the refractive portion on the side away from the substrate. 11.The display substrate of claim 10, wherein, The display substrate further includes a plurality of light-absorbing portions, which are located between the substrate and the refractive portion, and the orthogonal projection of the light-absorbing portion on the substrate is within the orthogonal projection of the refractive portion on the substrate. 12.The display substrate of claim 11, wherein, The orthogonal projection of the light-absorbing part on the substrate is located within the orthogonal projection of the anode on the substrate, and the distance between the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the light-absorbing part on the substrate and the outer contour of the orthogonal projection of the anode on the substrate is greater than or equal to 1 μm. 13.The display substrate of claim 5, wherein, The plurality of light-emitting units include a first light-emitting unit, a second light-emitting unit and a third light-emitting unit. The second light-emitting unit includes two disconnected parts, wherein the light-emitting functional layer of each second light-emitting unit is located within the second opening. 14.The display substrate according to any one of claims 3-13, wherein, The outer contour of the light-emitting functional layer on the substrate is located within the outer contour of the anode on the substrate, the anode includes a reflective conductive material, and the partition includes a light-transmitting material. 15.The display substrate of claim 14, wherein, The refractive index of the material in the refractive structure is in the range of 1.4 to 1.

7. 16.The display substrate of claim 4, wherein, The cross-section of the refractive section along the plane perpendicular to the substrate includes polygons, arcs, or a combination of polygons and arcs. 17.The display substrate of claim 16, wherein, The cross-section of the refractive portion along the plane perpendicular to the substrate includes a trapezoid, and the base angle of the trapezoid ranges from 30° to 60°.

18. A display panel, wherein, Includes the display substrate as described in any one of claims 1-17.

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