A voltage regulator and power supply

Abstract

This invention discloses a voltage regulator and power supply. The device includes a voltage input module, a bistable voltage regulator module, a voltage follower module, and a voltage output module. The bistable voltage regulator module includes a first Zener diode module and a second Zener diode module, wherein the temperature coefficients of the first Zener diode module and the second Zener diode module are opposite. The voltage input module filters and current-limits an external input voltage to obtain a first voltage. The bistable voltage regulator module bistableizes the first voltage to obtain a second voltage. The voltage follower module follows the second voltage to obtain a third voltage. The voltage output module outputs the third voltage to supply power to a load. This solution avoids load effects through temperature compensation and voltage regulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power supply technology, specifically relating to a voltage regulator and a power supply, and more particularly to a low-cost, high-precision buck regulator circuit and a power supply having the low-cost, high-precision buck regulator circuit. Background Technology

[0002] With societal progress and the rapid development of the integrated circuit industry, the number of devices using integrated circuits is increasing. However, these devices are sensitive to power consumption and require the lowest possible power consumption. The most direct way to reduce power consumption in integrated circuits is to lower the operating voltage. But as the scale of circuit design and integration becomes smaller and smaller, the accuracy of instrument measurements becomes more precise, and the requirements for voltage accuracy become higher and higher. Therefore, step-down voltage regulator circuits have emerged.

[0003] The common low-cost buck regulator circuit solutions in related schemes mainly rely on the combination of diodes, transistors, resistors, and capacitors to achieve stable voltage reduction while lowering production costs. However, this method is affected by the temperature coefficient of the Zener diode and the load effect caused by changes in output impedance. The Zener diode utilizes the reverse breakdown state of the PN junction, where the current can vary over a wide range while the voltage remains relatively constant, thus providing voltage regulation. However, the reverse breakdown voltage of the PN junction changes with temperature. Therefore, when this circuit is applied in environments with severe heat generation or large temperature fluctuations, its stable voltage value will deviate from the theoretical design value. Furthermore, due to the low input impedance of the low-cost buck regulator circuits in these schemes, if the downstream load impedance is too large, a load effect will occur, resulting in insufficient output current, poor load-carrying capacity, and unstable output.

[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a voltage regulator and power supply to solve the problems of temperature-induced load effects and low input impedance in related solutions, thereby avoiding load effects through temperature compensation and voltage regulation.

[0006] This invention provides a voltage regulator / step-down device, comprising: a voltage input module, a bistable voltage regulator module, a voltage follower module, and a voltage output module; the bistable voltage regulator module includes: a first Zener diode module and a second Zener diode module, wherein the temperature coefficient of the first Zener diode module is opposite to that of the second Zener diode module; wherein, the voltage input module is used to filter and current-limit an external input voltage to obtain a first voltage; the bistable voltage regulator module is used to bistable the first voltage to obtain a second voltage; the voltage follower module is used to voltage-follow the second voltage to obtain a third voltage; and the voltage output module is used to output the third voltage to supply power to a load.

[0007] In some embodiments, in the first Zener diode module and the second Zener diode module, one Zener diode module is an avalanche diode and the other Zener diode module is a Zener diode; wherein, the cathode of the first Zener diode module serves as the cathode of the bistable voltage regulator module; the anode of the first Zener diode module is connected to the cathode of the second Zener diode module; and the anode of the second Zener diode module serves as the anode of the bistable voltage regulator module.

[0008] In some embodiments, the voltage input module includes: a first filtering module, a second filtering module, and a current limiting module; wherein, the first input terminal of the input voltage is connected to the first connection terminal of the first filtering module, the first connection terminal of the current limiting module, and the first connection terminal of the voltage output module; the second input terminal of the input voltage is connected to the second connection terminal of the first filtering module, the second connection terminal of the second filtering module, and the anode of the bistable voltage regulator module; the second connection terminal of the current limiting module is connected to the first connection terminal of the second filtering module, and the second connection terminal of the second filtering module is connected to the anode of the bistable voltage regulator module; the second connection terminal of the current limiting module is also connected to the cathode of the bistable voltage regulator module; the cathode of the bistable voltage regulator module is connected to the voltage output module via the voltage follower module.

[0009] In some embodiments, the voltage follower module includes: a voltage follower; wherein the cathode of the dual voltage regulator module is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage follower; the negative terminal of the voltage follower is connected to the output terminal of the voltage follower; the output terminal of the voltage follower is connected to the control terminal of the voltage output module; and the second connection terminal of the voltage output module serves as the output terminal of the voltage regulator / step-down device.

[0010] In some embodiments, the voltage output module includes: a switching transistor; wherein, the control terminal of the switching transistor serves as the control terminal of the voltage output module; the first connection terminal of the switching transistor serves as the first connection terminal of the voltage output module; and the second connection terminal of the switching transistor serves as the second connection terminal of the voltage output module.

[0011] In some embodiments, the switching transistor includes a transistor; wherein the base of the transistor serves as the control terminal of the switching transistor; the collector of the transistor serves as the first connection terminal of the switching transistor; and the emitter of the transistor serves as the second connection terminal of the switching transistor.

[0012] In some embodiments, the voltage output module further includes: a third filter module; wherein the second connection terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the first connection terminal of the third filter module; and the anode of the bistable voltage regulator module is connected to the second connection terminal of the third filter module.

[0013] In conjunction with the above-described device, the present invention further provides a power supply, comprising: the voltage regulator and step-down device described above.

[0014] Therefore, the solution of the present invention eliminates the influence of temperature on the Zener diodes in the Zener circuit body by using two Zener diodes with opposite temperature coefficients connected in series as compensation in the Zener circuit body; at the same time, a voltage follower is used to follow the input voltage and output voltage of the Zener circuit body so that the output voltage and input voltage are equal, thereby avoiding the load effect by performing temperature compensation and voltage regulation.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the voltage stabilization and buckling device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the buck regulator circuit in the relevant scheme;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the high-precision step-down voltage regulator circuit of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the output voltage waveform of the buck regulator circuit in the relevant scheme;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the output voltage waveform of the high-precision step-down voltage regulator circuit of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the output voltage ripple of the buck regulator circuit in the relevant scheme;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the output voltage ripple of the high-precision buck regulator circuit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a voltage stabilization and buckling device is provided. See also... Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of an embodiment of the device of the present invention. The voltage regulator / step-down device may include: a voltage input module, a dual voltage regulator module, a voltage follower module, and a voltage output module. The dual voltage regulator module includes: a first Zener diode module and a second Zener diode module, wherein the temperature coefficient of the first Zener diode module is opposite to that of the second Zener diode module. The first Zener diode module is, for example, a Zener diode D1, and the second Zener diode module is, for example, a Zener diode D2.

[0026] The voltage input module is used to filter and current limit the external input voltage to obtain a first voltage.

[0027] The bistable voltage module is used to bistable the first voltage to obtain the second voltage.

[0028] The voltage follower module is used to perform voltage follower processing on the second voltage to obtain the third voltage.

[0029] The voltage output module is used to output the third voltage to supply power to the load.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the buck regulator circuit in a related solution. For example... Figure 2The step-down voltage regulator circuit shown includes: an electrolytic capacitor C1, a current-limiting resistor R1, a filter capacitor C2, a Zener diode D1, an NPN transistor Q1, a filter capacitor C3, and a load resistor R2. After the input voltage Vin is input, it first passes through the electrolytic capacitor C1 for filtering, and then is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor Q1. Simultaneously, the voltage, after passing through the current-limiting resistor R1 and the filter capacitor C2, passes through the Zener diode D1, generating a voltage at the negative terminal of Zener diode D1. The voltage value generated at the negative terminal of Zener diode D1 is connected to the base of the NPN transistor Q1. The emitter of the NPN transistor Q1 is connected to the anode of Zener diode D1 via the parallel capacitor C3 and the load resistor R2.

[0031] The present invention provides a highly efficient, low-cost, and high-precision buck regulator circuit. It uses two Zener diodes with opposite temperature coefficients connected in series as compensation, eliminating the influence of temperature on the Zener diodes and improving voltage regulation accuracy. Utilizing the high input impedance and low output impedance of a voltage follower, it acts as an "isolation" between the preceding and following circuit stages, making its output load-carrying capacity more stable and preventing changes in output stability caused by load variations. Therefore, it can solve the problems of temperature influence and load effects caused by excessively low input impedance in related buck regulator circuits in a low-cost and universal manner.

[0032] In some implementations, one of the Zener diode modules is an avalanche diode and the other is a Zener diode.

[0033] In this configuration, the cathode of the first Zener diode module serves as the cathode of the bistable voltage regulator module. The anode of the first Zener diode module is connected to the cathode of the second Zener diode module. The anode of the second Zener diode module serves as the anode of the bistable voltage regulator module.

[0034] The present invention proposes a low-cost, high-precision step-down voltage regulator circuit to solve the problem. Figure 2 In the example shown, the relative change in voltage across the Zener diode caused by temperature variations is compensated for by connecting an avalanche diode and a Zener diode in series, leveraging their positive and negative temperature coefficients. This significantly reduces the temperature coefficient, eliminating the influence of temperature on the Zener diode's voltage value and achieving a highly accurate and stable voltage. Furthermore, the high input impedance and low output impedance of a voltage follower ensure that the output voltage equals the input voltage. The signal is then amplified in two stages to obtain the final signal. The voltage follower also minimizes load effects by preventing changes in the output stability caused by load variations. Therefore, this effectively solves the problems of temperature-dependent voltage regulation and load effects caused by low input impedance in related solutions.

[0035] In some embodiments, the voltage input module includes: a first filtering module, a second filtering module, and a current limiting module. The first filtering module is such as an electrolytic capacitor C1, the second filtering module is such as a filtering capacitor C2, and the current limiting module is such as a current limiting resistor R1.

[0036] The first input terminal of the input voltage is connected to the first connection terminal of the first filter module, the first connection terminal of the current limiting module, and the first connection terminal of the voltage output module.

[0037] The second input terminal of the input voltage is connected to the second connection terminal of the first filter module, the second connection terminal of the second filter module, and the anode of the bistable voltage regulator module. The second connection terminal of the current limiting module is connected to the first connection terminal of the second filter module, and the second connection terminal of the second filter module is connected to the anode of the bistable voltage regulator module. The second connection terminal of the current limiting module is also connected to the cathode of the bistable voltage regulator module. The cathode of the bistable voltage regulator module is connected to the voltage output module via the voltage follower module.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the high-precision step-down voltage regulator circuit of the present invention. Figure 3 The step-down voltage regulator circuit shown includes: electrolytic capacitor C1, current-limiting resistor R1, filter capacitor C2, Zener diode D1, and Zener diode D2. Figure 3 As shown, when the input voltage Vin is input, it first passes through the electrolytic capacitor C1 for filtering, and then is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor Q1. Simultaneously, after passing through the current-limiting resistor R1 and the filter capacitor C2, the voltage is then passed through Zener diodes D1 and D2 in series, generating a voltage at the negative terminal of Zener diode D1. This voltage is the stable voltage value obtained by adding the series Zener diodes D1 and D2 together.

[0039] Since Zener diodes are temperature-dependent components, their breakdown voltage is not constant. That is, changes in temperature will change the breakdown voltage of Zener diodes. Temperature coefficients are divided into positive and negative temperature coefficients. A positive temperature coefficient means that the higher the temperature, the higher the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode will be, while a negative temperature coefficient has the opposite characteristic. Figure 2 The example shown uses a Zener diode, which is significantly affected by the temperature coefficient. Figure 3The example shown can solve this problem using two Zener diodes (D1 and D2). By connecting Zener diodes with appropriate positive and negative temperature coefficients (TTCs) in series, as the temperature rises, the breakdown voltage of the positive TTC Zener diode increases, while the breakdown voltage of the negative TTC Zener diode decreases, resulting in a complementary and constant total breakdown voltage. Conversely, as the temperature decreases, the breakdown voltage increases. This better ensures the reliability of accurate voltage output.

[0040] Different types of Zener diodes have different temperature coefficients (TCCs) for their stabilizing voltage, and these TCCs can be positive or negative. Zener diodes with a voltage regulation value below 4V have a negative TCC. Zener diodes with a voltage regulation value above 6V have a positive TCC. Those between 4V and 6V may have either a positive or negative TCC. For example, a 5V voltage regulator circuit might use a 4V positive TCC paired with a 1V negative TCC. A 12V voltage regulator circuit might use an 8V positive TCC paired with a 4V negative TCC. In this way, when the ambient temperature rises, the breakdown voltage of the positive TCC diode increases, while the breakdown voltage of the negative TCC diode decreases, creating a complementary effect and significantly reducing the impact of temperature on the voltage regulation value. Conversely, when the ambient temperature decreases, the effect is reversed.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the two Zener diodes D1 and D2 connected in series need to be paired with Zener diodes with opposite positive and negative temperature coefficients. When the temperature rises, the reverse breakdown voltage of Zener diode D1 increases, while the reverse breakdown voltage of Zener diode D2 decreases. This series connection greatly reduces the impact of temperature on the breakdown voltage of the diodes, thereby improving the voltage regulation accuracy and realizing a low-cost, high-precision step-down voltage regulator circuit. This solves the problems of accuracy and load capacity of general-purpose step-down voltage regulator circuits in related solutions.

[0042] In some implementations, the voltage follower module includes a voltage follower, such as voltage follower U1.

[0043] The cathode of the dual voltage regulator module is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage follower. The negative terminal of the voltage follower is connected to its output terminal. The output terminal of the voltage follower is connected to the control terminal of the voltage output module. The second connection terminal of the voltage output module serves as the output terminal of the voltage regulator / step-down device.

[0044] like Figure 3The step-down voltage regulator circuit shown also includes a voltage follower U1. The voltage value generated at the negative terminal of Zener diode D1 (i.e., the stable voltage value obtained by adding Zener diodes D1 and D2 in series) is connected to the positive terminal of voltage follower U1, and the negative terminal of voltage follower U1 is shorted to its output terminal. Figure 3 In the circuit, Δ∞ of voltage follower U1 represents infinite input impedance, + and - represent positive and negative inputs, and + represents the output.

[0045] Voltage followers, in particular, are characterized by high input impedance. High input impedance is equivalent to an open circuit in the preceding stage, making it an ideal voltage source. The output instability is not affected by the load size of the subsequent stage. Conversely, if the input impedance of the preceding stage is low and the output impedance of the subsequent stage is high, output instability will occur. The main function of a voltage follower is to improve the load-carrying capacity of the entire amplifier circuit, making the circuit output more stable.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, voltage followers U1, due to their relatively high input impedance, consume very little current, do not interfere with the original circuit, and provide the same voltage signal as the input. They act as isolation buffers and isolation circuits, minimizing interference to the circuit's power supply. When the input impedance is high, it is equivalent to an open circuit to the preceding stage. When the output impedance is low, it acts as a constant voltage source to the following stage, the output voltage is unaffected by the impedance of the following stage, avoiding changes in the output stability caused by load variations, and thus stabilizing the output. Figure 3 As shown, the low-cost, high-precision step-down voltage regulator circuit provided by the present invention has excellent versatility. Its output does not change with the ambient temperature and load impedance, which can greatly save product development costs and improve the voltage regulation accuracy.

[0047] In some implementations, the voltage output module includes a switching transistor, such as a triode.

[0048] The control terminal of the switching transistor serves as the control terminal of the voltage output module. The first connection terminal of the switching transistor serves as the first connection terminal of the voltage output module. The second connection terminal of the switching transistor serves as the second connection terminal of the voltage output module.

[0049] In some embodiments, the switching transistor includes a bipolar junction transistor, such as an NPN transistor Q1.

[0050] The base of the transistor serves as the control terminal of the switching transistor. The collector of the transistor serves as the first connection terminal of the switching transistor. The emitter of the transistor serves as the second connection terminal of the switching transistor.

[0051] like Figure 3The step-down regulator circuit shown also includes an NPN transistor Q1. The negative terminal of voltage follower U1 is shorted to its output terminal, and the output terminal of voltage follower U1 is connected to the base of NPN transistor Q1. The first input terminal of the input voltage is connected to the collector of NPN transistor Q1. The emitter of NPN transistor Q1 serves as the second connection terminal of the switching transistor.

[0052] In some embodiments, the voltage output module further includes a third filtering module, such as a filter capacitor C3.

[0053] The second connection terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the first connection terminal of the third filter module. The anode of the bistable voltage regulator module is connected to the second connection terminal of the third filter module.

[0054] like Figure 3 The step-down regulator circuit shown also includes a filter capacitor C3 and a load resistor R2. The negative terminal of voltage follower U1 is shorted to its output, causing a forward bias voltage to be generated at the base and emitter of NPN transistor Q1. This turns on the emitter junction of NPN transistor Q1, generating a voltage value at its emitter, which is the voltage value used for step-down regulation.

[0055] For example: Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the output voltage waveform of the buck regulator circuit in the relevant scheme. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the output voltage waveform of the high-precision buck regulator circuit of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the output voltage ripple of the buck regulator circuit in the relevant scheme. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the output voltage ripple of the high-precision step-down voltage regulator circuit of the present invention. It is used in the switching power supply of a certain household appliance. Figure 3 Implementation method, and Figure 2 The comparison was conducted without using complementary Zener diodes with positive and negative temperature coefficients or voltage followers. The voltage test results are as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the ripple test results Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown. Using Figure 3 The test results implemented in this way are significantly better than those implemented using... Figure 2 The test results of this method effectively improved the accuracy of the output voltage and reduced the output ripple.

[0056] The ideal output voltage for this circuit is 5V. Figure 4 The output voltage of this general-purpose step-down regulator circuit is 4.782V. Figure 5The output voltage of the buck regulator circuit in this invention is 4.972V. The results show that under conditions of small temperature changes, the output of the buck regulator circuit in this invention is already more accurate; under conditions of larger temperature changes, its advantages will only become more pronounced.

[0057] Figure 6 and Figure 7 The comparison of ripple output results of the buck regulator circuit in the general type and the present invention is shown. Ripple is the AC component of the power frequency contained in the DC current. The lower the test result, the better. The peak-to-peak value of the ripple voltage in the general type is 75mV, while the peak-to-peak value of the ripple voltage in the present invention is 63mV. Therefore, the ripple test result in the present invention is better.

[0058] By employing the technical solution of this invention, two Zener diodes with opposite temperature coefficients are connected in series in the Zener circuit body as compensation to eliminate the influence of temperature on the Zener diodes in the Zener circuit body; at the same time, a voltage follower is used to follow the input voltage and output voltage of the Zener circuit body so that the output voltage and input voltage are equal, thereby avoiding the load effect through temperature compensation and voltage regulation.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a power supply corresponding to a voltage regulator / buck converter is also provided. This power supply may include the voltage regulator / buck converter described above.

[0060] Since the processing and functions implemented by the power supply in this embodiment are basically the same as those in the embodiments, principles and examples of the device, any details not covered in this embodiment can be found in the relevant descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0061] By employing the technical solution of this invention, two Zener diodes with opposite temperature coefficients are connected in series in the Zener circuit body as compensation to eliminate the influence of temperature on the Zener diodes in the Zener circuit body; at the same time, a voltage follower is used to follow the input voltage and output voltage of the Zener circuit body so that the output voltage and input voltage are equal, which can greatly save product development costs and improve the accuracy of voltage regulation.

[0062] In summary, it is readily understood by those skilled in the art that, without conflict, the aforementioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0063] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A voltage stabilizing and step-down device, characterized in that, include: Voltage input module, dual voltage regulator module, voltage follower module, and voltage output module; The dual voltage regulator module includes: a first Zener diode module and a second Zener diode module, wherein the temperature coefficient of the first Zener diode module is opposite to that of the second Zener diode module; the first Zener diode module includes a Zener diode D1, and the second Zener diode module includes a Zener diode D2; wherein... The voltage input module is used to filter and current limit the external input voltage to obtain a first voltage; the voltage input module includes: an electrolytic capacitor C1, a current limiting resistor R1, and a filter capacitor C2; The bistable voltage regulator module is used to bistable the first voltage to obtain the second voltage; The voltage follower module is used to perform voltage follower processing on the second voltage to obtain a third voltage; the voltage follower module includes: a voltage follower U1; The voltage output module is used to output the third voltage to power the load; the voltage output module includes: an NPN transistor Q1 and a filter capacitor C3; When the input voltage Vin is input, it first passes through the electrolytic capacitor C1 for filtering, and then is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor Q1. At the same time, the voltage after being filtered by the electrolytic capacitor C1 passes through the current-limiting resistor R1 and the filter capacitor C2, and then through the series connection of Zener diodes D1 and D2 to generate a voltage at the negative terminal of Zener diode D1. This voltage is the stable voltage value obtained by adding the series connection of Zener diodes D1 and D2. The voltage generated at the negative terminal of Zener diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of voltage follower U1, and the output terminal of voltage follower U1 is connected to the base of NPN transistor Q1; the emitter of NPN transistor Q1 is connected to the first terminal of filter capacitor C3; the anode of Zener diode D2 is connected to the second terminal of filter capacitor C3. The negative terminal of voltage follower U1 is shorted to the output terminal of voltage follower U1, which generates a forward bias voltage at the base and emitter of NPN transistor Q1. The emitter junction of NPN transistor Q1 is turned on, and a voltage value is generated at the emitter of NPN transistor Q1. This voltage value is the voltage value of the circuit for step-down regulation.

2. The voltage stabilizing and reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first Zener diode module and the second Zener diode module, one Zener diode module uses an avalanche diode and the other Zener diode module uses a Zener diode; The cathode of the first Zener diode module serves as the cathode of the bistable voltage regulator module; the anode of the first Zener diode module is connected to the cathode of the second Zener diode module; and the anode of the second Zener diode module serves as the anode of the bistable voltage regulator module.

3. The voltage stabilizing and step-down device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The voltage input module includes: a first filtering module, a second filtering module, and a current limiting module; wherein, The first input terminal of the input voltage is respectively connected to the first connection terminal of the first filter module, the first connection terminal of the current limiting module, and the first connection terminal of the voltage output module; The second input terminal of the input voltage is connected to the second connection terminal of the first filter module, the second connection terminal of the second filter module, and the anode of the bistable voltage regulator module, respectively; the second connection terminal of the current limiting module is connected to the first connection terminal of the second filter module, and the second connection terminal of the second filter module is connected to the anode of the bistable voltage regulator module; the second connection terminal of the current limiting module is also connected to the cathode of the bistable voltage regulator module; the cathode of the bistable voltage regulator module is connected to the voltage output module via the voltage follower module.

4. The voltage stabilizing and reducing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The voltage follower module includes: a voltage follower; wherein, The cathode of the dual voltage regulator module is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage follower; the negative terminal of the voltage follower is connected to the output terminal of the voltage follower; the output terminal of the voltage follower is connected to the control terminal of the voltage output module; the second connection terminal of the voltage output module serves as the output terminal of the voltage regulator / step-down device.

5. The voltage stabilizing and step-down device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The voltage output module includes: a switching transistor; wherein, The control terminal of the switching transistor serves as the control terminal of the voltage output module; the first connection terminal of the switching transistor serves as the first connection terminal of the voltage output module; and the second connection terminal of the switching transistor serves as the second connection terminal of the voltage output module.

6. The voltage stabilizing and reducing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The switching transistor includes: a bipolar transistor; wherein, The base of the transistor serves as the control terminal of the switching transistor; the collector of the transistor serves as the first connection terminal of the switching transistor; and the emitter of the transistor serves as the second connection terminal of the switching transistor.

7. The voltage stabilizing and reducing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The voltage output module further includes: a third filtering module; wherein, The second connection terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the first connection terminal of the third filter module; the anode of the dummy voltage regulator module is connected to the second connection terminal of the third filter module.

8. A power supply, characterized in that, include: The voltage stabilizing and buckling device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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