An automatic detection and treatment device for household garbage based on ecological environmental protection

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment equipment, and particularly relates to an automatic household garbage detection and treatment device based on ecological environmental protection. A bottom plate is detachably connected to a sliding block, one end of a sleeve is fixed to the bottom plate, one end of a compression spring is fixedly connected to an inner end face of an inner cavity of the sleeve, the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to one end of a sliding rod, the other end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to one end of a fixed plate, a hob is installed at the other end of the fixed plate, the hob is fixed between the two fixed plates through a connecting shaft, the hob is rotationally connected to the connecting shaft, a strip-shaped opening is arranged on a pouring chute, a first linear module module carries a cutting assembly to reciprocate along the strip-shaped opening, and the hob penetrates through the strip-shaped opening to extrude garbage in the pouring chute under the action of the compression spring, so as to solve the problem that entanglement is prone to occur in the bag breaking process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of waste treatment equipment, and in particular relates to an automatic detection and treatment device for household waste based on ecological and environmental protection. Background Technology

[0002] In daily life, the disposal of household waste is always a concern, especially for garbage collected from residential areas and office buildings. To make disposal easier, people often use plastic bags to pack some of the garbage before throwing it into larger garbage bins. However, this type of garbage collection is often not sorted.

[0003] Therefore, at waste recycling and processing stations, staff also need to sort and classify the delivered waste. This requires breaking open the bags of packaged waste for re-sorting to facilitate proper recycling. This significantly increases the workload of waste processing station staff, and they may not have enough time to break open the bags during the sorting process, making it impossible to properly classify the waste.

[0004] Currently, bag breaking mainly involves two methods: manual and mechanical. Because garbage may contain a large number of harmful pathogens and has a strong odor, manual bag breaking may pose a health risk to operators, therefore it is rarely used. Mechanical bag breaking often employs single-shaft or multi-shaft roller crushing or single-shaft with differential speed cutters. Both of these conventional methods, whether single-shaft, multi-shaft crushing, or multi-shaft differential speed crushing, suffer from severe entanglement, resulting in low breaking efficiency and increased equipment costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an eco-friendly automatic detection and processing device for household waste, which solves the problem of entanglement that easily occurs during the bag breaking process.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] An eco-friendly automatic detection and treatment device for municipal solid waste includes a vehicle body, a front end, wheels, and a discharging mechanism. The front end is mounted on the front of the vehicle body, the wheels are mounted on the bottom of the vehicle body, and the discharging mechanism is mounted on the outside of the vehicle body. A discharging chute is provided on the top of the vehicle body, with the bottom outlet of the chute angled. A bag-breaking mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the vehicle body near the front end. The bag-breaking mechanism includes a first linear module and a cutting component. The first linear module is angledly fixed to the inner wall of the vehicle body and includes a slider that reciprocates on the first linear module. The cutting component is mounted on the slider of the first linear module and includes a base plate, a sleeve, a compression spring, a sliding rod, a fixing plate, and a cutting roller. The plate is detachably connected to the slider. One end of the sleeve is fixed to the base plate. One end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the sleeve cavity. The other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod. The other end of the slide rod is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed plate. The roller is installed on the other end of the fixed plate. The roller is fixed between the two fixed plates through the connecting shaft. The roller is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft. The side wall of the material pouring trough facing the bag breaking mechanism has an obliquely set strip opening. The first linear module module carries the cutting component and moves back and forth along the strip opening. Under the action of the compression spring, the roller passes through the strip opening and squeezes and cuts the garbage in the material pouring trough. Both ends of the other side wall of the material pouring trough are connected to the car body through the second linear module module. The roller cutter can automatically adjust the extension and retraction of the compression spring according to the type of garbage. When encountering soft garbage, the roller cutter compresses the garbage bag until it can no longer be compressed under the pressure of the compression spring. When encountering hard garbage, the roller cutter compresses the garbage bag to the surface of the hard garbage under the pressure of the compression spring. No matter what kind of garbage is inside the garbage bag, it will be compressed by the roller cutter until it can no longer be compressed, thus ensuring that the part of the garbage bag in contact with the roller cutter can be cut open by the roller cutter. Driven by the slider, the roller cutter rolls forward, thereby cutting open the garbage bag as a whole, realizing the bag breaking function.

[0008] Furthermore, an infrared detector is embedded in the discharge chute, and an alarm light connected to the detector's circuitry is installed on the truck body. The infrared detector can detect whether there are any living organisms in the waste, and the alarm light can promptly report the detection results to prevent accidents.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the compression spring is two-thirds of the length of the sleeve's inner cavity. This ensures the slide bar remains confined within the sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the sleeve is smaller than the cross-sectional width of the fixing plate. This prevents the fixing plate from getting stuck when embedded in the sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the bag-breaking mechanism also includes a blade housing, which is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft. The blade housing encloses the roller cutter, and an end of the blade housing away from the fixed plate has a port, through which the roller cutter extends. The blade housing effectively protects the roller cutter and prevents it from breaking.

[0012] Furthermore, a filter screen is fixedly connected inside the vehicle compartment. This allows for the pre-filtering of moisture from the garbage.

[0013] Furthermore, a support rod is fixedly connected inside the vehicle compartment to support the filter screen, preventing the filter screen from breaking due to excessive weight of garbage.

[0014] Furthermore, the vehicle body is equipped with an anti-clogging component, which includes an electric telescopic rod, a first support rod, a second support rod, and a limiting rod for restricting the second support rod. One end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the vehicle body near the front of the vehicle. The end of the first support rod is fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod, and the other end of the first support rod is rotatably connected to a push plate. The end of the second support rod is rotatably connected to the end of the electric telescopic rod. The limiting rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod and is an L-shaped straight rod. The first support rod, the second support rod, and the limiting rod are all in the same vertical plane. This component can push away the garbage accumulated under the unloading chute, preventing blockage.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the compression spring presses the roller blade against the surface of the garbage bag, and the roller blade rolls along the surface of the garbage bag under the drive of the slider, thereby cutting the garbage bag and avoiding agitation between the roller blade and the garbage bag, thus solving the entanglement problem. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the garbage bag breaking and transport vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vehicle body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bag-breaking mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting component and the pouring groove in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-blocking component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Among them, 1-carriage box, 2-car head, 3-wheel, 4-pouring mechanism, 5-pouring trough, 6-bag breaking mechanism, 7-first linear module, 8-cutting component, 9-slider, 10-base plate, 11-sleeve, 12-compression spring, 13-slide rod, 14-fixing plate, 15-roller cutter, 16-connecting shaft, 17-strip opening, 18-infrared detector, 19-alarm light, 20-blade housing, 21-filter screen, 22-support rod, 23-anti-clogging component, 24-electric telescopic rod, 25-first support rod, 26-second support rod, 27-limiting rod, 28-push plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown

[0024] An eco-friendly automatic detection and processing device for household waste includes a vehicle body 1, a vehicle front 2, wheels 3, and a dumping mechanism 4. The vehicle front 2 is installed at the head of the vehicle body 1, the wheels 3 are installed at the bottom of the vehicle body 1, and the dumping mechanism 4 is installed on the outside of the vehicle body 1. When a garbage bin is placed into the dumping mechanism 4, the dumping mechanism 4 can automatically dump the waste. A dumping trough 5 is provided on the top of the vehicle body 1, and the opening at the bottom of the dumping trough 5 communicates with the interior of the vehicle body 1. The bottom outlet of the dumping trough 5 is angled, i.e., one end is higher than the other.

[0025] The carriage 1 is equipped with a bag breaking mechanism 6. The bag breaking mechanism 6 includes a first linear module 7 and a cutting component 8. The first linear module 7 is fixed on the inner side wall of the carriage 1. The first linear module 7 includes a slider 9. The first linear module 7 also includes a motor and a linear guide rail. The motor drives the slider 9 to slide on the linear guide rail. The slider 9 performs reciprocating linear motion.

[0026] The cutting assembly 8 is mounted on the slider 9 of the first linear module 7. The slider 9 drives the cutting assembly 8 to reciprocate. The cutting assembly 8 includes a base plate 10, a sleeve 11, a compression spring 12, a slide rod 13, a fixing plate 14, and a roller cutter 15. The base plate 10 is detachably connected to the slider 9. The sleeve 11 is a cylindrical column. One end of the sleeve 11 is fixed to the base plate 10, and the end of the sleeve 11 fixed to the base plate 10 is a closed end. The end of the sleeve 11 away from the base plate 10 is a closed end. At the open end, one end of the compression spring 12 is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the sleeve 11, and the other end of the compression spring 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod 13. One end of the slide rod 13 is fitted inside the sleeve 11, and the other end of the slide rod 13 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing plate 14. The hob 15 is mounted on the other end of the fixing plate 14. The hob 15 is disc-shaped and is fixed between the two fixing plates 14 via a connecting shaft 16. The hob 15 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 16.

[0027] The material pouring trough 5 has an obliquely arranged strip-shaped opening 17 on its side wall facing the bag breaking mechanism 6. The strip-shaped opening 17 is located on the oblique side of the material pouring trough 5. The first linear module 7, carrying the cutting component 8, reciprocates along the strip-shaped opening 17. The roller cutter 15, under the action of the compression spring 12, passes through the strip-shaped opening 17 and squeezes and cuts the garbage in the material pouring trough 5. The roller cutter 15 can extend as far as the other side of the material pouring trough 5 under the compression of the compression spring 12. Both ends of the other side wall of the material pouring trough 5 are connected to the vehicle body 1 through the second linear module. This side wall of the material pouring trough 5 can move back and forth under the drive of the second linear module. The distance of the back and forth movement of the side wall is specifically set according to the position of the bag breaking mechanism 6. Initially, the outlet at the bottom of the discharge chute 5 is closed. When the bag-breaking mechanism 6 slides diagonally upward along the strip opening 17, it cuts open a portion of the garbage bag. The second linear module, along with the side wall of the discharge chute 5, slowly moves backward, and the outlet at the bottom of the discharge chute 5 gradually enlarges. At this time, the internal space of the discharge chute 5 gradually increases, and the garbage bag slowly falls downward. The scratches made by the bag-breaking mechanism 6 on the garbage bag are in an upward arc shape. This upward arc shape can cover the lower, middle, and upper layers of the garbage bag. Only when the bag-breaking mechanism 6 slides to the top of the strip opening can all the garbage fall into the truck bed. After that, the bag-breaking mechanism 6 slides diagonally downward back to the initial position, and the second linear module, along with the side wall of the discharge chute 5, moves forward back to the initial position.

[0028] The roller cutter 15 can automatically adjust the extension and retraction of the compression spring 12 according to the type of waste. When encountering soft waste, the roller cutter 15, under the compression of the spring 12, squeezes the waste bag until it cannot be compressed further. When encountering hard waste, the roller cutter 15, under the compression of the spring 12, squeezes the waste bag to the surface of the hard waste. Regardless of the type of waste inside, the waste bag will be squeezed by the roller cutter 15 until it cannot be compressed further, thus ensuring that the part of the waste bag in contact with the roller cutter 15 can be cut open. Driven by the slider 9, the roller cutter 15 rolls forward, thereby cutting open the entire waste bag and achieving the bag-breaking function. Multiple bag-breaking mechanisms 6 can be set, each parallel to each other, and multiple strip openings 17 on the discharge chute 5 should also be set accordingly. The waste bag is cut open by rolling and squeezing, avoiding agitation between the roller cutter 15 and the waste bag or waste, thus preventing entanglement.

[0029] Specifically, an infrared detector 18 is embedded in the discharge chute 5, and an alarm light 19 connected to the infrared detector 18 is also installed on the vehicle body 1. The infrared detector 18 can detect whether there are living organisms in the garbage. When a living organism is detected, the infrared detector 18 transmits the signal to the alarm light 19, and the alarm light 19 issues an alarm.

[0030] Specifically, the length of the compression spring 12 in its natural state is two-thirds of the length of the inner cavity of the sleeve 11. When there is no external force, the compression spring 12 is in its original length state. At this time, the end of the slide rod 13 connected to the compression spring 12 is located inside the sleeve 11, ensuring that the slide rod 13 can slide linearly with the sleeve 11.

[0031] Specifically, the inner diameter of the sleeve 11 is smaller than the cross-sectional width of the fixing plate 14. This prevents the fixing plate 14 from getting stuck in the sleeve 11.

[0032] Specifically, the bag-breaking mechanism 6 also includes a blade housing 20, which is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 16. The blade housing 20 covers the roller cutter 15, and the end of the blade housing 20 away from the fixing plate 14 has a port, through which the roller cutter 15 extends. The blade housing 20 is used to protect the roller cutter 15, and it can enclose most of the roller cutter 15 within the housing to prevent the roller cutter 15 from bending or breaking.

[0033] Specifically, a filter screen 21 is fixedly connected inside the cargo box 1. The filter screen 21 is used to pre-filter water from the garbage, reducing the difficulty of subsequent cleaning work.

[0034] Specifically, a support rod 22 for supporting the filter screen 21 is fixedly connected inside the vehicle body 1. The support plate is used to support the filter screen 21 and prevent the filter screen 21 from breaking due to excessive weight of garbage.

[0035] Specifically, the vehicle body 1 is equipped with an anti-blocking component 23, which includes an electric telescopic rod 24, a first support rod 25, a second support rod 26, and a limiting rod 27 for limiting the second support rod 26. One end of the electric telescopic rod 24 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the vehicle body 1 near the front of the vehicle 2, and the electric telescopic rod 24 can be electrically controlled to extend and retract. The end of the first support rod 25 is fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod 24, and the other end of the first support rod 25 is rotatably connected to a push plate 28. The end of the second support rod 26 is rotatably connected to the end of the electric telescopic rod 24. The limiting rod 27 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod 24. The limiting rod 27 is an L-shaped straight rod, and the other end of the limiting rod 27 can abut against the end of the second support rod 26. The first support rod 25, the second support rod 26, and the limiting rod 27 are in the same vertical plane, and the length of the second support rod 26 is longer than the length of the first support rod 25. In its natural state, the second support rod 26 is held against the limiting rod 27 by gravity, the lower part of the push plate 28 is held against the end of the second support rod 26, and the upper part of the push plate 28 is rotatably connected to the first support rod 25. Under the restriction of the limiting rod 27, the first support rod 25, the push plate 28 and the second support rod 26 form a right triangle, and the push plate 28 is in a vertical state. When there is too much garbage below the outlet of the discharge chute 5, the electric telescopic rod 24 is activated. The electric telescopic rod 24 pushes the first support rod 25, the second support rod 26, the limit rod 27, and the push plate 28 forward. Since the push plate 28 is supported by the first support rod 25 and the second push plate 28, the push plate 28 can only move forward under the push of the electric telescopic rod 24, thus pushing the garbage to the rear of the vehicle. When the electric telescopic rod 24 retracts, if there is still too much garbage below, the second support rod 26 will be pushed up by the garbage, and the push plate 28 will also be pushed upward by the second support rod 26, causing the push plate 28 to approach a horizontal state and slide over the garbage. Then, the electric telescopic rod 24 is controlled to extend forward again to push the garbage, thus pushing the excess garbage to the rear of the vehicle and preventing blockage of the bottom outlet of the discharge chute 5.

[0036] The method of using this invention is as follows: The dumping mechanism 4 pours the garbage from the garbage bin into the dumping trough 5. The garbage bag is stuck at the bottom of the dumping trough 5. The cutting component 8 moves back and forth under the drive of the linear module slider 9. The compression spring 12 presses the roller 15 against the surface of the garbage bag. The compression spring 12 automatically adjusts the extension or compression amount according to the shape and hardness of the garbage being squeezed by the roller 15. The roller 15 slides along the surface of the garbage bag and cuts the garbage bag. When the bag breaking mechanism 6 slides to the top, the bottom outlet of the dumping trough 5 becomes larger. At this time, the garbage falls directly into the truck body 1 along with the garbage. After the device transports the garbage to the garbage station, the staff can lift the garbage and shake it to separate the garbage from the garbage bag.

[0037] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Technical aspects, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. An eco-friendly automatic detection and treatment device for municipal solid waste, comprising a vehicle body (1), a vehicle head (2), wheels (3), and a material unloading mechanism (4), wherein the vehicle head (2) is installed at the head of the vehicle body (1), the wheels (3) are installed at the bottom of the vehicle body (1), the material unloading mechanism (4) is installed on the outside of the vehicle body (1), and a material unloading chute (5) is provided above the vehicle body (1), the bottom outlet of the material unloading chute (5) being obliquely arranged, characterized in that: The inner wall of the vehicle body (1) near the front of the vehicle (2) is provided with a bag breaking mechanism (6). The bag breaking mechanism (6) includes a first linear module (7) and a cutting component (8). The first linear module (7) is obliquely fixed to the inner wall of the vehicle body (1). The first linear module (7) includes a slider (9). The slider (9) slides back and forth on the first linear module (7). The cutting assembly (8) is mounted on the slider (9) of the first linear module (7). The cutting assembly (8) includes a base plate (10), a sleeve (11), a compression spring (12), a slide rod (13), a fixing plate (14), and a hob (15). The base plate (10) is detachably connected to the slider (9). One end of the sleeve (11) is fixed to the base plate (10). One end of the compression spring (12) is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the inner cavity of the sleeve (11). The other end of the compression spring (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod (13). The other end of the slide rod (13) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing plate (14). The hob (15) is mounted on the other end of the fixing plate (14). The hob (15) is fixed between the two fixing plates (14) through a connecting shaft (16). The hob (15) is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (16). The material discharge trough (5) has an obliquely arranged strip opening (17) on its side wall facing the bag breaking mechanism (6). The first linear module (7) carries the cutting component (8) and reciprocates along the strip opening (17). The roller cutter (15) passes through the strip opening (17) under the action of the compression spring (12) and squeezes and cuts the garbage in the material discharge trough (5). Both ends of the other side wall of the material discharge trough (5) are connected to the vehicle body (1) through the second linear module. In the initial state, the outlet at the bottom of the pouring trough (5) is closed. When the bag breaking mechanism (6) slides obliquely upward along the strip opening (17), the bag breaking mechanism (6) cuts open a part of the garbage bag. The second linear module moves slowly backward with the side wall of the pouring trough (5). The outlet at the bottom of the pouring trough (5) gradually becomes larger. At this time, the internal space of the pouring trough (5) gradually becomes larger, and the garbage bag slowly falls downward. The scratches made by the bag breaking mechanism (6) on the garbage bag are in an upward arc shape. This upward arc shape can cover the lower, middle and upper layers of the garbage bag. When the bag breaking mechanism (6) slides to the top of the strip opening, the garbage can fall into the car body. Then the bag breaking mechanism (6) slides obliquely downward back to the initial position. The second linear module moves forward with the side wall of the pouring trough (5) back to the initial position.

2. The automatic detection and treatment device for municipal solid waste based on ecological and environmental protection as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An infrared detector (18) is embedded in the material trough (5), and an alarm light (19) connected to the infrared detector (18) is also provided on the carriage (1).

3. The automatic detection and treatment device for municipal solid waste based on ecological and environmental protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the compression spring (12) in its natural state is two-thirds of the length of the inner cavity of the sleeve (11).

4. The automatic detection and treatment device for municipal solid waste based on ecological and environmental protection as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the sleeve (11) is smaller than the cross-sectional width of the fixing plate (14).

5. The automatic detection and treatment device for municipal solid waste based on ecological and environmental protection as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The bag-breaking mechanism (6) also includes a blade housing (20), which is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (16). The blade housing (20) covers the roller cutter (15). The end of the blade housing (20) away from the fixed plate (14) is provided with a port, and the roller cutter (15) extends to the outside of the port.

6. The automatic detection and treatment device for municipal solid waste based on ecological and environmental protection as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen (21) is fixedly connected inside the carriage (1).

7. The automatic detection and treatment device for municipal solid waste based on ecological and environmental protection as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The vehicle body (1) is fixedly connected to a support rod (22) for supporting the filter screen (21).

8. The automatic detection and treatment device for municipal solid waste based on ecological and environmental protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle body (1) is provided with an anti-blocking component (23). The anti-blocking component (23) includes an electric telescopic rod (24), a first support rod (25), a second support rod (26), and a limiting rod (27) for limiting the second support rod (26). One end of the electric telescopic rod (24) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the vehicle body (1) near the front of the vehicle (2). The end of the first support rod (25) is fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (24). The other end of the first support rod (25) is rotatably connected to a push plate (28). The end of the second support rod (26) is rotatably connected to the end of the electric telescopic rod (24). The limiting rod (27) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (24). The limiting rod (27) is an L-shaped straight rod. The first support rod (25), the second support rod (26), and the limiting rod (27) are in the same vertical plane.

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