Method and device for dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water level zoning in arid oasis

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application relates to a kind of arid region oasis groundwater ecological water level zoning dynamic regulation method and device, comprising: based on the multiple environmental factors of target oasis area, the target oasis area is zoned, and the zoning dynamic threshold of the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area is determined;Based on the zoning dynamic threshold, determine target control month;Based on the environmental information of the target oasis area, determine a reference control scheme and multiple derivative control schemes;Based on the zoning dynamic threshold and the target control month, determine target control scheme in the multiple derivative control schemes;Based on the target control scheme, the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area is regulated, whereby, the dynamic threshold of groundwater ecological water level can be determined in zoning, on the premise of guaranteeing ecological health and efficient water use, realize groundwater ecological water level zoning dynamic regulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of ecohydrology in arid regions, and particularly to a method and apparatus for dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water level in oases in arid regions. Background Technology

[0002] Changes in groundwater levels in arid regions affect the dynamic balance between groundwater and soil, vegetation, water salinity, and lakes. A reasonable groundwater level is often referred to as the ecological groundwater level, which generally refers to the dynamic range of groundwater levels that can meet the needs of various terrestrial plants such as trees, shrubs, and herbs for growth and development, maintain a stable lake surface area, and prevent soil salinization. Key ecological groundwater levels include salinized groundwater ecological levels, vegetation-related groundwater ecological levels, and lake / wetland groundwater ecological levels.

[0003] Controlling the ecological water level of groundwater within the dynamic threshold of ecological water level zones is a fundamental requirement for ensuring the ecological health of oases in arid regions, and achieving efficient water resource utilization is a goal of oasis economic and social development. On the basis of ensuring oasis ecological health, achieving efficient utilization of oasis water resources is an inevitable requirement for high-quality oasis development. The essence of groundwater level change is the change in the process and intensity of the transformation between surface water and groundwater under the influence of strong human activities. Groundwater level change is directly affected by the dynamic changes in surface water infiltration recharge and groundwater discharge, which are key links that can be intervened or changed, and are usually the main targets of groundwater level regulation. The core content of groundwater level regulation is to rationally regulate groundwater recharge and discharge conditions to meet the ecological water level threshold constraints and achieve the goal of efficient water resource utilization. Groundwater ecological water level involves interdisciplinary research. Currently, research on groundwater regulation for oasis ecological health and efficient water resource utilization often uses a single threshold for the entire area, without considering the dynamic changes of the threshold over time, resulting in insufficient regulation precision. Therefore, how to achieve dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water level by region while ensuring ecological health and efficient water use has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems or some of the technical problems, the present invention provides a method and device for dynamic control of groundwater ecological water level in oases in arid areas.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for dynamic zoning and regulation of groundwater ecological water levels in oases in arid regions, comprising:

[0006] The target oasis area is divided into zones based on multiple environmental factors, and the dynamic threshold of the groundwater ecological water level in the target oasis area is determined for each zone.

[0007] Based on the aforementioned dynamic threshold for each partition, the target month for regulation is determined;

[0008] Based on the environmental information of the target oasis area, a baseline control scheme and multiple derivative control schemes are determined.

[0009] Based on the partition dynamic threshold and the target control month, a target control scheme is determined from the plurality of derived control schemes;

[0010] The groundwater ecological water level in the target oasis area is regulated based on the target regulation scheme.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the plurality of environmental factors includes at least: distribution of irrigation canal systems, administrative divisions, salinization distribution, irrigation district distribution, lake distribution, urban distribution, and topography; the method further includes:

[0012] Based on multiple environmental factors, the target oasis area is divided into an oasis irrigation area and an oasis irrigation area edge area.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the zoning dynamic thresholds include at least a salinized groundwater ecological water level threshold, a vegetated groundwater ecological water level threshold, and a lake / wetland groundwater ecological water level threshold; the method further includes:

[0014] Obtain the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area;

[0015] Obtain the correlation between soil salinization degree and groundwater depth data of the salinized areas of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area within a preset historical time period;

[0016] The ecological water level threshold for salinized groundwater is determined based on the maximum capillary rise height and the correlation.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0018] Obtain the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area;

[0019] Obtain the root layer thickness of the vegetation community in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area;

[0020] The ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater is determined based on the maximum rise height of capillary water and the thickness of the root layer.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0022] Obtain the average depth of lakes in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area;

[0023] The average depth of the lake is superimposed with the ecological water level threshold of the vegetation groundwater to determine the ecological water level threshold of the lake wetland.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0025] Based on the irrigation system of the target oasis area, the irrigation season and non-irrigation season are divided;

[0026] When the target oasis area is in the irrigation season, the ecological water level threshold of salinized groundwater, the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater, and the ecological water level threshold of lake and wetland groundwater are combined as the ecological water level threshold of groundwater in the target oasis area.

[0027] When the target oasis area is in the non-irrigation season, the ecological water level threshold of salinized groundwater and the ecological water level threshold of lake wetland groundwater are combined as the ecological water level threshold of groundwater in the target oasis area.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0029] A water cycle model was constructed to simulate the water cycle process in the target oasis area.

[0030] Based on the water cycle model, the water cycle process of the multiple derivative control schemes is simulated to obtain the estimated groundwater level depth information of the target oasis area corresponding to each derivative control scheme.

[0031] Based on the estimated groundwater level depth and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area, a target regulation scheme is determined.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0033] Based on the estimated groundwater level depth information and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area, multiple derivative control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area are determined.

[0034] Based on preset conditions, the target control scheme is determined from multiple derived control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area.

[0035] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a dynamic control device for the ecological water level of groundwater in oases in arid areas, comprising:

[0036] The zoning module is used to zon the target oasis area based on multiple environmental factors, and to determine the dynamic threshold of the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area.

[0037] The determination module is used to determine the target control month based on the partition dynamic threshold;

[0038] The determining module is also used to determine a baseline control scheme and multiple derivative control schemes based on the environmental information of the target oasis area;

[0039] The determining module is further configured to determine a target control scheme from among the plurality of derived control schemes based on the partition dynamic threshold and the target control month;

[0040] The regulation module is used to regulate the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area based on the target regulation scheme.

[0041] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer device, including: a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute a dynamic regulation program for the ecological water level zoning of groundwater in arid oases stored in the memory, so as to realize the dynamic regulation method for the ecological water level zoning of groundwater in arid oases described in the first aspect above.

[0042] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a storage medium, comprising: the storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs being executable by one or more processors to implement the dynamic regulation method for ecological water level zoning of groundwater in arid oases as described in the first aspect above.

[0043] The dynamic regulation scheme for groundwater ecological water level in arid oases provided in this invention involves dividing the target oase into zones based on multiple environmental factors and determining the dynamic threshold of the groundwater ecological water level for each zone. Based on the dynamic threshold, a target regulation month is determined. Based on the environmental information of the target oase, a baseline regulation scheme and multiple derivative regulation schemes are determined. Based on the dynamic threshold and the target regulation month, a target regulation scheme is selected from the multiple derivative schemes. The groundwater ecological water level in the target oase is then regulated based on the target regulation scheme. Compared to existing technologies where groundwater regulation studies for oase ecological health and efficient water resource utilization often use only one threshold for the entire area and do not consider the dynamic changes of the threshold over time, resulting in poor regulation accuracy, this scheme allows for the determination of dynamic thresholds for groundwater ecological water levels by zone, achieving dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water levels while ensuring ecological health and efficient water use. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water level in arid oases provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the ecological water level threshold of saline groundwater according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the ecological water level threshold of groundwater in lake wetlands, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating another method for determining the ecological water level threshold of oasis groundwater provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining a target control scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the ecological water level of saline groundwater provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of groundwater ecological water level for vegetation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of key water levels in a groundwater-replenished lake provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic threshold of oasis groundwater ecological water level provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the ecological water level distribution of groundwater in oasis salinization, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the distribution of groundwater ecological water level in oasis vegetation, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of oasis groundwater ecological water level zoning provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 14 This invention provides a schematic diagram of dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water level in an oasis.

[0058] Figure 15 A diagram showing the simulation effect and statistical index calculation results of irrigation area drainage provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 16A spatial distribution map of groundwater level depth for a typical month in 2017 provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 17 A graph showing the verification and statistical index calculation results of a groundwater observation well provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the changes in groundwater level depth under different integrated control schemes, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a dynamic control device for ecological groundwater level in arid oases provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0064] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, further explanations and descriptions will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for dynamic zoning and regulation of groundwater ecological water levels in arid oases, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method specifically includes:

[0067] S11. The target oasis area is divided into zones based on multiple environmental factors, and the dynamic threshold of the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area is determined.

[0068] S12. Based on the dynamic threshold of the partition, determine the target control month.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, multiple environmental factors include at least: distribution of irrigation canal systems, administrative divisions, salinization distribution, irrigation district distribution, lake distribution, urban distribution, and topography. Based on multiple environmental factors, the target oasis area can be divided into two major categories: oasis irrigation districts and oasis irrigation district edge areas. This classification method is mainly based on the distribution of irrigation districts. Oasis irrigation district edge areas generally belong to the farmland-desert transition zone and are natural oasis areas.

[0070] Furthermore, the oasis irrigation area can be further divided based on multiple zoning factors and the corresponding zoning criteria for each factor. The zoning factors and zoning criteria are shown in Table 1.

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Table 1

[0074] For example, taking the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation oasis as an example, the oasis irrigation area includes the Qingtongxia Yinbei Irrigation Area, Qingtongxia Yinchuan Irrigation Area, Qingtongxia Yinnan Irrigation Area, Qingtongxia Hedong Irrigation Area, Weining Hebei Irrigation Area, and Weining Henan Irrigation Area. The Qingtongxia Yinbei, Yinchuan, Yinnan, and Hedong Irrigation Areas, as well as the Weining Hebei and Henan Irrigation Areas, are mainly divided based on the distribution of the Yellow River and the water diversion canal system. The Qingtongxia Irrigation Area is divided into Yinbei, Yinchuan, and Yinnan Irrigation Areas based on administrative divisions, salinization distribution, lake distribution, urban distribution, and topographic factors. Although the overall terrain of the Qingtongxia Irrigation Area is relatively flat, it still exhibits a south-high to north-low and west-high to east-low topography. Under this topographic background, Yinbei has more lakes and saline-alkali land, Yinchuan has more lakes and more cities, and their distribution is wider, while Yinnan has fewer lakes. Based on the above reasons, the oasis irrigation area is divided into six major irrigation areas, such as... Figure 13 As shown.

[0075] Furthermore, based on the characteristics of each zone, considering the three objects of salinization, vegetation and lake wetlands in each zone, and taking into account the needs of urban construction for groundwater depth, the groundwater ecological water level threshold for each zone is uniformly determined.

[0076] Because water level requirements vary throughout the year, exhibiting a dynamic nature, for example, salinized groundwater levels must be controlled within the ecological water level during March and April, with less stringent requirements at other times; vegetation groundwater levels must be controlled within the ecological water level during the growing season (May to September), with no requirements at other times; while lake and wetland groundwater levels need to be maintained within a certain range throughout the year. The regional groundwater ecological water level threshold consists of salinized and lake / wetland groundwater ecological water levels during the non-irrigation season, and may consist of salinized, vegetation, and lake / wetland groundwater ecological water levels during the irrigation season.

[0077] The groundwater level in oases is significantly correlated with the irrigation season. When irrigation begins, the groundwater level rises immediately. As irrigation decreases or ceases later in the crop growing season, the groundwater level drops. Winter irrigation begins at the end of October, causing the groundwater level to rise again. After winter irrigation ends, the groundwater level drops again, a downward trend that generally continues until March of the following year, reaching its lowest point. Irrigation resumes in April, and the groundwater level rises again, repeating this cycle. With rising temperatures, soil evaporation increases significantly in March, making salinization highly likely. This is detrimental to subsequent spring crop planting; therefore, March is a critical period for controlling salinization. Simultaneously, the groundwater level reaches its lowest point of the year in March. For lakes, maintaining the groundwater level within the ecological water level threshold at this time ensures a certain surface area can be maintained throughout the year. During the growing season, vegetation and crops are highly sensitive to water, and a certain groundwater level must be maintained to meet their normal growth needs. From May to September, the oasis groundwater level rises continuously. Therefore, when regulating groundwater level, May is the key month, and controlling the groundwater level at this time within the ecological water level threshold will ensure the groundwater level requirements for vegetation and crops throughout the growing season. In summary, controlling the groundwater level in March and May within the ecological water level threshold allows for the regulation of the groundwater level throughout the year; specifically, the groundwater level in March needs to be controlled within the threshold composed of salinization and lake / wetland ecological water levels, and the groundwater level in May needs to be controlled within the threshold composed of vegetation and lake / wetland ecological water levels. Figure 10 As shown; by combining the oasis zones, the dynamic threshold of the ecological groundwater level in each zone can be determined.

[0078] For example, taking the Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Oasis as an example, based on the dynamic nature of the ecological water level depth threshold, the dynamic thresholds for each zone in March and May can be obtained. The upper limit of the threshold in March is 1.8m, and the lower limit is between 2.57 and 3.49m or there is no lower limit requirement; the upper limit of the threshold in May is 1.8m, and the lower limit is between 2.13 and 3.49m, as shown in Table 2. It should be noted that the lower limit of the dynamic threshold is a range and also represents a certain ecological significance. For example, in the Yinbei Irrigation District, the lower limit of the threshold in March is 2.57–3.0m. When the groundwater level is close to or less than 2.57m, most lakes can maintain a certain water surface area. However, as the groundwater level approaches 3.0m, some lakes dry up, and the number of dried-up lakes is increasing. In the Yinbei Irrigation District, the lower limit of the threshold in May is 2.49–3.0m. When the groundwater level is close to or less than 2.49m, most vegetation can grow normally and lakes can maintain a certain water surface area. However, as the groundwater level approaches 3.0m, only some shrubs and herbaceous vegetation can survive, and their numbers are decreasing. At the same time, some lakes dry up, and the number of dried-up lakes is increasing. Other irrigation districts are similar. Considering the need to ensure the health of the oasis ecosystem, the minimum value of the dynamic threshold lower limit in March and May is selected as the constraint lower limit when regulating the groundwater level.

[0079]

[0080] Table 2

[0081] S13. Based on the environmental information of the target oasis area, determine a baseline control scheme and multiple derivative control schemes.

[0082] The baseline control scheme is generally set based on the current water supply and demand structure and level, taking into account long-term changes in meteorological conditions or inflow, and conducting water cycle analysis at different levels or over many years. In setting the baseline control scheme, major projects that significantly impact regional water supply and demand can also be considered on top of the current year's baseline, objectively reflecting the benchmark for future changes in control levels.

[0083] For example, the benchmark scheme for groundwater level regulation in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation oasis mainly includes the following conditions:

[0084] Water diversion from the Yellow River: The average water diversion volume of 5.083 billion cubic meters in the study area from 2014 to 2017 was used as the water input data for the baseline regulation scheme.

[0085] Meteorological conditions: The long-term data of precipitation, temperature and other elements in the study area from 1990 to 2017 were used as the meteorological input data for the baseline control scheme to reflect the annual impact of different precipitation levels.

[0086] Land use: Land use input data based on the 2017 land use of the study area as the benchmark for the control scheme.

[0087] Planting structure: The planting structure input data of the study area in 2017 was used as the baseline control scheme.

[0088] Water diversion, drainage and field irrigation facilities in the oasis irrigation area: Input data for the control scheme based on the water diversion channels, drainage ditches and field irrigation facilities in the oasis irrigation area in 2017.

[0089] Water use structure: Based on the water use structure of the study area in 2017, the amount of groundwater replaced by the groundwater replacement project is taken as the input data for the water use structure.

[0090] Groundwater replacement project: Referring to the Yinchuan Metropolitan Area Urban and Rural Western Water Supply Project, 246 million cubic meters of groundwater will be replaced, and the 263 million cubic meters of surface water required for the replacement will all come from the Yellow River diversion project.

[0091] Furthermore, a derivative control scheme for the supply end is established, including a canal lining scheme: Based on the baseline control scheme, the water diversion channel parameters in the baseline control scheme are changed, i.e., the canal water utilization coefficient, to establish a canal lining scheme. According to the canal lining rate, canal lining renovation scenarios are set up according to different stages, and the corresponding canal water utilization coefficient is calculated and set. Based on this, the canal lining scheme and its corresponding canal water utilization coefficient for each irrigation district are set. The specific details are as follows:

[0092] Current water utilization coefficients of each canal system were obtained from measured data of each canal system obtained from relevant departments.

[0093] The current water utilization coefficient of the regional canal system is calculated by weighted average of the water utilization coefficients of each canal system. The weight coefficient of each canal system is calculated by dividing the current water diversion volume of each canal system in 2017 by the total water diversion volume.

[0094] Canal lining scheme setting: Based on the existing water utilization coefficients of each canal system, the canal lining rate is set according to different stages based on the canal lining rate, and the corresponding canal water utilization coefficient is set by calculating the lining rate ratio. Then, the regional canal water utilization coefficient is calculated according to the regional canal water utilization coefficient calculation method in the previous step.

[0095] The above methods can be used to design canal lining schemes for the Ningxia irrigation area, as detailed in Table 3. In the baseline scheme (A0), the canal water utilization coefficient is 0.60 in 2017. Schemes A1 to A4 are designed with reference to the study area's canal water utilization coefficient reaching 0.62 to 0.70 in 2025.

[0096]

[0097] Table 3

[0098] High-efficiency water-saving irrigation schemes: Drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and micro-irrigation are the most widely used high-efficiency water-saving irrigation technologies in Ningxia. When irrigating with smaller irrigation quotas, deep seepage and surface runoff generally do not occur. Statistics show that in 2017, the cumulative area irrigated with high-efficiency water-saving methods in the oasis irrigation area reached 1.846 million mu, accounting for approximately 23%. According to relevant planning documents, the target for the cumulative irrigated area with high-efficiency water-saving methods is around 40%. Therefore, a maximum of 45% is set, with 35% and 30% schemes set for every 5% increase.

[0099] A discharge-end derivative control scheme was set up: groundwater source replacement was used as a discharge-end control measure, with a scenario scheme set up with reference to the Yinchuan Metropolitan Area Urban and Rural Western Water Supply Project. The baseline scheme (A0) includes the amount of water diverted from the Yellow River, meteorological conditions, land use, planting structure, water diversion and drainage of the oasis irrigation area and field irrigation facilities, water use structure, and groundwater source replacement project conditions. The unreplaced groundwater scheme (X0) includes the amount of water diverted from the Yellow River, meteorological conditions, land use, planting structure, water diversion and drainage of the oasis irrigation area and field irrigation facilities, and water use structure conditions. By comparing and analyzing the results of the baseline scheme (A0) and the unreplaced groundwater scheme (X0), the impact of the groundwater source replacement project on the regional groundwater level and water cycle can be obtained.

[0100] Other comprehensive derivative control schemes were formulated: Based on the natural and socio-economic conditions of the oasis, and considering the basic practicalities of groundwater recharge and discharge control measures, three types of measures were selected for combination: canal lining, groundwater replacement, and high-efficiency water-saving irrigation. Referring to the impact and sensitivity of individual measures, as well as potential future implementation goals, and using the Z2 scheme (combination of canal lining and groundwater replacement to control the groundwater level to a critical value) as a reference, high-efficiency water-saving irrigation was added. Emphasis was placed on combinations that are relatively feasible for controlling the groundwater level to the critical threshold, resulting in a comprehensive control scheme set, as shown in Table 4.

[0101]

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Table 4

[0105] S14. Based on the partition dynamic threshold and the target control month, determine the target control scheme from the multiple derived control schemes.

[0106] S15. Regulate the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area based on the target regulation scheme.

[0107] Combination Figure 14 The diagram showing the dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water level illustrates the impact of the Z1-Z8 comprehensive regulation schemes, designed based on the actual conditions of the oasis, on the groundwater level depth of the oasis. Figure 18 As shown. By Figure 18It can be seen that after regulation by schemes Z1 to Z7, the groundwater level in the oasis remained within the ecological water level threshold range. Scheme Z1 did not reach the ecological water level threshold, while schemes Z2 to Z7 generally brought the oasis groundwater level to the ecological water level threshold. Scheme Z8 caused the groundwater level in the Yinchuan irrigation area to reach 2.80m in March, exceeding the ecological water level threshold, and in the Yinnan irrigation area, the groundwater level in May reached 2.51m, exceeding the ecological water level threshold. Therefore, among the eight regulation schemes, schemes Z1 to Z7 can ensure the ecological health of the oasis and reduce salinization. Compared to Z1, schemes Z2 to Z7 can significantly reduce salinization. Scheme Z8 exceeded the regulation threshold constraint and did not meet the regulation requirements.

[0108] Based on the output results of the water cycle model, the water consumption change / water intake change of each control scheme can be calculated, as shown in Table 5. The differences in water consumption change / water intake change under each control scheme are significant, with scheme Z5 having the largest value and schemes Z1 and Z2 having the smallest. This is mainly because efficient water-saving irrigation can increase the ratio of water consumption change to water intake change. This value is an indicator that should be fully considered when implementing water conservation in oases; the larger the value, the higher the water-saving efficiency, and it is a key reference value for selecting the optimal control scheme.

[0109]

[0110] Table 5

[0111] Based on the analysis of the impact of various regulation schemes on the oasis groundwater level, it can be seen that regulation schemes Z1 to Z7 can achieve the goals of mitigating salinization and ensuring ecological health. On this basis, to achieve the goal of efficient water resource utilization, the optimal regulation scheme was selected based on water resource utilization efficiency evaluation indicators. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0112]

[0113] Table 6

[0114] As shown in Table 6, based on the principle of optimal regulation scheme selection, the final optimal regulation scheme is Z5. This regulation scheme can not only greatly reduce salinization and ensure the ecological health of the oasis, but also maximize the water-saving efficiency of oasis irrigation, making it the best regulation scheme for the healthy water cycle of the oasis.

[0115] The Z5 regulation scheme is the optimal regulation scheme under the combined conditions of groundwater source replacement, high-efficiency water-saving irrigation area, and canal lining. The intake, consumption, and drainage of this regulation scheme are 4.61 billion cubic meters, 4.365 billion cubic meters, and 2.44 billion cubic meters, respectively. It can reduce oasis water intake by 736 million cubic meters, water consumption by 221 million cubic meters, and inefficient water consumption by 179 million cubic meters, achieving a water-saving efficiency of 0.30.

[0116] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned target control plan, the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis will be controlled.

[0117] The present invention provides a method for dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water level in arid oases. This method divides the target oase into zones based on multiple environmental factors and determines the dynamic threshold of the groundwater ecological water level for each zone. Based on the dynamic threshold, a target regulation month is determined. Based on the environmental information of the target oase, a baseline regulation scheme and multiple derivative regulation schemes are determined. Based on the dynamic threshold and the target regulation month, a target regulation scheme is selected from the multiple derivative schemes. The groundwater ecological water level in the target oase is then regulated based on the target regulation scheme. Compared to existing technologies where groundwater regulation studies for oase ecological health and efficient water resource utilization often use only one threshold for the entire area and do not consider the dynamic changes of the threshold over time, resulting in poor regulation accuracy, this method can determine the dynamic threshold of groundwater ecological water level by zone, achieving dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water level while ensuring ecological health and efficient water use.

[0118] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the ecological water level threshold of saline groundwater according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the method specifically includes:

[0119] S21. Obtain the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area.

[0120] S22. Obtain the correlation between the soil salinization degree and groundwater depth data of the salinized areas of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area within a preset historical time period.

[0121] S23. Determine the ecological water level threshold of salinized groundwater based on the maximum rise height of capillary water and the correlation.

[0122] The following provides a unified explanation of S21 to S23:

[0123] This invention allows for the determination of the ecological water level of salinized groundwater through theoretical calculation of the maximum capillary rise height combined with experimental observation and analysis methods. The maximum capillary rise height can be directly defined as the ecological water level of salinized groundwater, such as... Figure 7 As shown. The key to calculating the ecological water level of saline groundwater is determining the maximum capillary rise height H. max Based on the known soil porosity and effective particle size, and by selecting a suitable soil structure, H can be calculated. max This value can be used as the theoretical value of the ecological water level of saline groundwater, and its calculation formula is as shown in Formula 1:

[0124]

[0125] In the formula: γ represents the surface tension coefficient, which can be obtained from a table; ρ represents the density of water; g represents the gravitational acceleration; L is the effective capillary pore size of the soil, as shown in Formula 2:

[0126] L=ψ(n)d Formula 2

[0127] ψ(n)=1.581(n-39.5%)+0.079 Formula 3

[0128] In the formula: observable soil structure is usually represented by d, which represents the effective particle size of the soil; n represents the soil porosity; and ψ(n) represents the porosity characteristic function. Soil type, bulk density, and particle size, among other relevant parameters, are determined through a combination of field sampling analysis and literature review.

[0129] Based on long-term soil salinity and groundwater depth data obtained from experimental observations, the relationship between soil salinization degree and groundwater depth data was analyzed to determine the ecological water level depth of soil salinized groundwater. Then, the results obtained by the capillary water maximum rise height calculation method and the experimental observation analysis method were compared and analyzed to verify the results, and finally the ecological water level threshold of salinized groundwater was determined.

[0130] Taking the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation oasis as an example, the dynamic threshold of groundwater ecological water level zoning is determined, and the spatial distribution of salinized groundwater ecological water level depth is calculated based on capillary rise height, such as... Figure 11 As shown. By Figure 11 It can be seen that the ecological water table depths of various soil types (mainly between 1.5 and 1.8 m) are interspersed within the oasis. There is a close relationship between the surface soil salinity and the groundwater table depth; the surface soil salinity decreases with increasing groundwater table depth. The relationship between surface soil salinity and groundwater table depth before spring irrigation can be divided into five cases, as shown in Table 7:

[0131]

[0132] Table 7

[0133] Based on the relationship between surface soil salinity and groundwater depth, when the groundwater depth is greater than 1.5–1.8 m, the soil is generally non-salinized or slightly salinized. When the groundwater depth is greater than 1.8–2.4 m, the soil is generally non-salinized, meeting the requirements for crop growth. This groundwater depth can be considered the ecological water level depth for salinized groundwater. Considering the entire region as a whole, the critical depth for the ecological water level of salinized groundwater in oasis soils is determined to be 1.8 m.

[0134] Figure 3A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the method specifically includes:

[0135] S31. Obtain the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area.

[0136] S32. Obtain the root layer thickness of the vegetation community in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area.

[0137] S33. Determine the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater based on the maximum rise height of capillary water and the thickness of the root layer.

[0138] The following provides a unified explanation of S31 to S33:

[0139] Based on the review, collation, screening, and summarization of relevant literature in the study area, the ecological water level of vegetation groundwater was comprehensively determined by combining the calculation of the maximum rise height of soil capillary water with field vegetation surveys. The depth D of the vegetation groundwater ecological water level was determined using the calculation method based on the maximum rise height of soil capillary water and the thickness of the vegetation root layer. g equals H max With the thickness H of the vegetation root layer r The sum, such as Figure 8 As shown in Formula 4:

[0140] D g =H max +H r Formula 4

[0141] Calculate D g The most crucial thing is to determine H. max and H r H max This refers to the ecological water level of saline groundwater. When climate and soil conditions are constant, the root layer thickness H of the vegetation community... r It is generally a constant, which can be obtained through field surveys and consulting relevant literature. Based on the obtained capillary rise height and vegetation root layer thickness, D can be calculated. g value.

[0142] A field survey was conducted in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigated oasis, focusing on three main categories: shrubland, meadow, and marsh wetland. The survey included vegetation species, distribution, and root systems. Based on field survey data and the 1:1,000,000 vegetation type map of China published by the Resource and Environmental Science Data Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it was found that the natural vegetation of the oasis is dominated by shrubs and semi-shrubs, with *Nitraria tangutorum*, *Tamarix chinensis*, and *Phragmites australis* being widely distributed and covering a large area. Artificial vegetation consists mainly of poplar, willow, *Elaeagnus angustifolia*, and farmland crops, with other vegetation species being less prevalent. Therefore, shrubs, semi-shrubs, and artificial forests were used as the primary references for calculating the ecological water level of vegetation groundwater. The calculation required determining the soil capillary water rise height and the thickness of the vegetation root layer. Different soil capillary water rise heights have already been determined in the ecological water level of salinized groundwater. The determination of the vegetation root layer thickness was mainly based on the results of the field survey and reference to the summary of "Root Systems of Grassland Plants in Northern China". This paper presents the general range of root layer thickness for widely distributed shrubs and trees in the study area. Based on field vegetation surveys and literature data, the root layer thickness of shrubs and semi-shrubs ranges from 0.8 to 2.2 m, while that of trees ranges from 2.0 to 4.0 m. Based on the obtained parameters, the ecological water level depth of groundwater for the main vegetation types can be calculated, and the results are shown in Table 8.

[0143]

[0144] Table 8

[0145] It can be seen that the groundwater ecological water level of shrubs is basically between 2.5 and 3.5 m, and the groundwater ecological water level of trees is basically between 3.5 and 5.5 m. When the groundwater level is between 2 and 4 m, it is suitable for the growth of oasis vegetation. It can be seen that the groundwater ecological water level calculated based on the capillary rise height is consistent with reality and is basically reliable.

[0146] The groundwater ecological water table depth for trees is generally greater than that for shrubs. Considering the need to fundamentally ensure the ecological health of most vegetation in the oasis, the groundwater ecological water table depth for shrubs is determined, which can essentially guarantee the ecological health of all vegetation. Based on capillary rise calculations and the root layer thickness of shrubs, a spatial distribution map of the groundwater ecological water table depth for oasis vegetation can be drawn, see [link to map]. Figure 12 As shown, the depths of various ecological water levels are distributed alternately, but they are basically between 2.49 and 3.49 m.

[0147] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the ecological water level threshold of groundwater in lakes and wetlands, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the method specifically includes:

[0148] S41. Obtain the average depth of lakes in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area.

[0149] S42. The average depth of the lake is superimposed with the ecological water level threshold of the vegetation groundwater to determine the ecological water level threshold of the lake wetland groundwater.

[0150] The following provides a unified explanation of S41 to S42:

[0151] Water replenishment for oasis lakes and wetlands includes precipitation, potential surface runoff, and groundwater recharge. Potential surface runoff includes mountain torrents from surrounding areas, artificial ecological water replenishment through irrigation channels, and irrigation runoff from the oasis. The main discharge pathways include evapotranspiration, potential surface runoff discharge, and industrial and agricultural water use. Irrigated oasis lakes in arid regions are generally enclosed lakes in plains, surrounded by flat terrain with no surface runoff inflow or outflow. Artificial water use is minimal, with groundwater recharge being the primary source, and discharge primarily through evaporation and seepage. Given the positive correlation between groundwater levels and irrigation in oasis areas—higher groundwater levels during irrigation and lower levels during non-irrigation periods, especially in the early irrigation season (March-April) when groundwater levels typically reach their lowest point of the year—if the lake can still receive groundwater recharge during this period, it will maintain a certain surface area throughout the year, preventing it from drying up. Based on the above understanding, the critical condition is defined as the groundwater level that can still replenish the lake even when it is at its lowest during the non-irrigation season. That is, when the groundwater level is less than or equal to the average depth of the lake, the lake can always receive groundwater replenishment. Figure 9 As shown, the ecological groundwater level is therefore less than or equal to the average depth of the lake. The key parameter is the average lake depth, which can be obtained through field surveys of the lake.

[0152] M=m+(H 丰 -H 平均 Formula 5 (+d)

[0153] In the formula, M is the average depth of the lake; m is the average water depth of the lake; H 丰 H represents the high water level elevation of the lake. 平均 d represents the average elevation of the lake's water level; d represents the height of the lake's high water level above the ground.

[0154] H 埋深 ≤M Formula 6

[0155] In the formula, H is the average depth of the groundwater level around the lake.

[0156] Data on major lakes and wetlands in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigated oases comes from the "Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Wetland Resources Survey Report" of the Second National Wetland Resources Survey. Lakes typically have abundant vegetation around them. When determining ecological water levels, both lake and vegetation must be considered simultaneously. To ensure ecological health to the greatest extent possible and to maintain a balance, the ecological water levels of both are superimposed. Specifically, the upper boundary is the larger one, the lower boundary is the smaller one, and when there is no overlap, the lower boundary of the lake's ecological water level range is used. According to the survey data, the main dominant vegetation around the lakes is shrubs such as reeds and tamarisk. Taking into account both lake depth and the depth of the groundwater ecological water level, the final groundwater ecological water level depths for each lake and wetland are shown in Table 9, generally ranging from 2.49 to 3.49 meters. When the groundwater depth is less than 2.49 meters, the lake and wetland ecosystem is normal. When it is between 2.49 and 3.49 meters, some lakes and wetlands experience seasonal drying. When it exceeds 3.49 meters, all lakes and wetlands will experience seasonal drying.

[0157]

[0158]

[0159]

[0160] Table 9

[0161] The methods for determining the ecological water level thresholds of saline groundwater, vegetation groundwater, and lake and wetland groundwater provided in this invention consider the differences in different ecological functions in regional spaces and their dynamic changes over time. They propose a method for determining the dynamic thresholds of groundwater ecological water levels in irrigated oasis zones, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies. This method can provide reasonable boundaries for precise control of groundwater levels in arid irrigated oasis areas, analysis of water-saving potential in irrigation districts, and the development and utilization of water resources.

[0162] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating another method for determining the groundwater ecological water level threshold provided in this embodiment of the invention is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the method specifically includes:

[0163] S51. Based on the irrigation system of the target oasis area, divide it into irrigation season and non-irrigation season.

[0164] In this embodiment of the invention, since the groundwater level of the oasis is significantly related to the irrigation season, the irrigation season and non-irrigation season can be divided based on the irrigation system of the target oasis area.

[0165] S52. When the target oasis area is in the irrigation season, the ecological water level threshold of salinized groundwater, the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater, and the ecological water level threshold of lake and wetland groundwater are combined as the ecological water level threshold of groundwater in the target oasis area.

[0166] S53. When the target oasis area is in the non-irrigation season, the ecological water level threshold of salinized groundwater and the ecological water level threshold of lake wetland groundwater are combined as the ecological water level threshold of groundwater in the target oasis area.

[0167] The following provides a unified explanation of S51 to S53:

[0168] The ecological water level threshold for groundwater in different zones is composed of salinization and lake / wetland groundwater ecological water levels during the non-irrigation season, and may be composed of salinization, vegetation, and lake / wetland groundwater ecological water levels during the irrigation season. When irrigation begins, the groundwater level rises immediately. As irrigation decreases or ceases in the later stages of the crop growing season, the groundwater level drops. Winter irrigation begins at the end of October, causing the groundwater level to rise again. After winter irrigation ends, the groundwater level drops again, generally continuing this downward trend until March of the following year, reaching its lowest level. Irrigation resumes in April, and the groundwater level rises again, repeating this cycle. With rising temperatures, soil evaporation increases significantly in March, making salinization highly likely. This is detrimental to subsequent spring crop planting; therefore, March is a critical period for controlling salinization. Simultaneously, the groundwater level reaches its lowest point of the year in March. For lakes, maintaining the groundwater level within the ecological water level threshold at this time ensures a certain surface area throughout the year. During the growing season, vegetation and crops are highly sensitive to water, and a certain groundwater level must be maintained to meet their normal growth needs. From May to September, the oasis groundwater level rises continuously. Therefore, when regulating groundwater levels, May is the key month, and controlling the groundwater level at this time within the ecological water level threshold is sufficient to guarantee the groundwater level requirements for vegetation and crops throughout the growing season. In summary, controlling the groundwater level in March and May within the ecological water level threshold is sufficient to regulate the groundwater level throughout the year; specifically, the groundwater level in March needs to be controlled within the threshold composed of salinization and lake / wetland ecological water levels, while the groundwater level in May needs to be controlled within the threshold composed of vegetation and lake / wetland ecological water levels.

[0169] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a target control scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the method specifically includes:

[0170] S61. Construct a water cycle model to simulate the water cycle process of the target oasis area.

[0171] S62. Based on the water cycle model, the water cycle process of the multiple derivative control schemes is simulated to obtain the estimated groundwater level depth information of the target oasis area corresponding to each derivative control scheme.

[0172] In this embodiment of the invention, a water cycle model for the target oasis area is constructed based on its water cycle characteristics. This model simulates the water cycle process of the target oasis area under multiple derivative control schemes, ultimately obtaining the estimated groundwater level depth information for each derivative control scheme. Figure 18 As shown.

[0173] S63. Based on the estimated groundwater level depth information and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area, determine multiple derivative control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area.

[0174] S64. Based on preset conditions, determine the target control scheme from multiple derived control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area.

[0175] Depend on Figure 18 It can be seen that after regulation by schemes Z1 to Z7, the groundwater level in the oasis remained within the ecological water level threshold range. Scheme Z1 did not reach the ecological water level threshold, while schemes Z2 to Z7 generally brought the oasis groundwater level to the ecological water level threshold. Scheme Z8 caused the groundwater level in the Yinchuan irrigation area to reach 2.80m in March, exceeding the ecological water level threshold, and in the Yinnan irrigation area, the groundwater level in May reached 2.51m, exceeding the ecological water level threshold. Therefore, among the eight regulation schemes, schemes Z1 to Z7 can ensure the ecological health of the oasis and reduce salinization. Compared to Z1, schemes Z2 to Z7 can significantly reduce salinization. Scheme Z8 exceeded the regulation threshold constraint and did not meet the regulation requirements.

[0176] Based on the output results of the water cycle model, the water consumption change / water intake change of each control scheme can be calculated, as shown in Table 5. The differences in water consumption change / water intake change under each control scheme are significant, with scheme Z5 having the largest value and schemes Z1 and Z2 having the smallest. This is mainly because efficient water-saving irrigation can increase the ratio of water consumption change to water intake change. This value is an indicator that should be fully considered when implementing water conservation in oases; the larger the value, the higher the water-saving efficiency, and it is a key reference value for selecting the optimal control scheme.

[0177] Based on the analysis of the impact of various regulation schemes on the oasis groundwater level, it can be seen that regulation schemes Z1 to Z7 can achieve the goals of mitigating salinization and ensuring ecological health. On this basis, to achieve the goal of efficient water resource utilization, the optimal regulation scheme was selected based on the water resource utilization efficiency evaluation index. The results are shown in Table 6. Table 6 shows that, based on the principle of optimal regulation scheme selection, the final optimal regulation scheme is Z5. This scheme not only significantly reduces salinization and ensures the ecological health of the oasis, but also maximizes the water-saving efficiency of oasis irrigation, making it the best regulation scheme for a healthy water cycle in the oasis.

[0178] The Z5 regulation scheme is the optimal regulation scheme under the combined conditions of groundwater source replacement, high-efficiency water-saving irrigation area, and canal lining. The intake, consumption, and drainage of this regulation scheme are 4.61 billion cubic meters, 4.365 billion cubic meters, and 2.44 billion cubic meters, respectively. It can reduce oasis water intake by 736 million cubic meters, water consumption by 221 million cubic meters, and inefficient water consumption by 179 million cubic meters, achieving a water-saving efficiency of 0.30.

[0179] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned target control plan, the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis will be controlled.

[0180] Optionally, the simulation results of the water cycle model can also be verified, and the verification method is as follows;

[0181] Based on measured data, the surface evaporation, runoff, and groundwater processes in the water cycle were validated. Evaporation data were validated using evaporation pan measurements from meteorological stations in various counties and districts of the target oasis area at preset historical timeframes. Drainage data were validated using drainage information from various irrigation districts at preset historical timeframes in officially published water resources bulletins. Groundwater level depth was validated using measured data from all groundwater observation wells in the oasis at preset historical timeframes. To quantitatively verify the model's simulation accuracy, relative error Re and correlation coefficient R0 were used. 2 Quantitative calculations were performed on the deterministic efficiency coefficient (NSE).

[0182] Verification of water surface evaporation: The simulation results and statistical index calculations of water surface evaporation in the study area are shown in Table 10. R0 of measured and simulated water surface evaporation values. 2 All values ​​are above 0.9, NSE is above 0.8, and Re is less than 13%, indicating that the simulation accuracy of water surface evaporation is relatively high.

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] Table 10

[0186] Irrigation area drainage verification: The simulation effect and statistical index calculation results of irrigation area drainage in the study area are as follows: Figure 15 As shown. There are measured and simulated R values ​​for drainage from three irrigation districts. 2 The accuracy reached above 0.63, but the NSE was relatively small and the Re was less than 12%, indicating that the simulation accuracy was generally low. After inspection and analysis, it was found that the reason for this situation was that the drainage monitoring in the irrigation area mainly focused on the larger drainage ditches, while the drainage volume of the smaller drainage ditches was only estimated based on experience or there was no monitoring data. Overall, the simulation of drainage met the accuracy requirements.

[0187] Groundwater level verification: such as Figure 17 As shown, the measured and simulated values ​​of groundwater level R... 2 With a value above 0.71, NSE is generally above 0.56, and R... e All values ​​were less than 20%, and the simulation results showed a good fit with the actual monitoring results, effectively reflecting the actual changes in trend. The simulation results of groundwater level spatial distribution in March, May, October, and November 2017 are shown below. Figure 16 As shown, the simulated spatial distribution of groundwater level can basically reflect the actual monitored spatial distribution of water level, and the simulation effect is good.

[0188] In summary, the simulation results of the water cycle in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation oasis are generally good and can be used for water cycle simulation analysis in irrigation areas.

[0189] The present invention provides a method for dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water level in arid oases by zone. This method involves dividing the target oase into zones based on multiple environmental factors and determining a dynamic threshold for the groundwater ecological water level in each zone. Based on the dynamic threshold, a target regulation month is determined. Based on the environmental information of the target oase, a baseline regulation scheme and multiple derivative regulation schemes are determined. Based on the dynamic threshold and the target regulation month, a target regulation scheme is selected from the multiple derivative schemes. The groundwater ecological water level in the target oase is then regulated based on the target regulation scheme. This method allows for the determination of dynamic thresholds for groundwater ecological water levels by zone, achieving dynamic regulation of groundwater ecological water levels while ensuring ecological health and efficient water use.

[0190] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of a dynamic control device for groundwater ecological water level zoning in arid oases provided in this embodiment of the invention, specifically including:

[0191] The partitioning module 1901 is used to partition the target oasis area based on multiple environmental factors, and to determine the dynamic threshold of the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area.

[0192] The determination module 1902 is used to determine the target control month based on the partition dynamic threshold;

[0193] The determining module 1902 is also used to determine a baseline control scheme and multiple derivative control schemes based on the environmental information of the target oasis area;

[0194] The determining module 1902 is further configured to determine a target control scheme among the plurality of derived control schemes based on the partition dynamic threshold and the target control month;

[0195] The regulation module 1903 is used to regulate the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area based on the target regulation scheme.

[0196] In one possible implementation, the partitioning module 1901 is specifically used to divide the target oasis area into an oasis irrigation area and an oasis irrigation area edge area based on multiple environmental factors.

[0197] In one possible implementation, the partitioning module 1901 is further configured to obtain the capillary water rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area; obtain the correlation between the soil salinization degree and groundwater depth data of the salinized area of ​​the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area within a preset historical time period; and determine the ecological water level threshold of salinized groundwater based on the maximum capillary water rise height and the correlation.

[0198] In one possible implementation, the partitioning module 1901 is further configured to obtain the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area; obtain the root layer thickness of the vegetation community in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area; and determine the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater based on the maximum capillary rise height and the root layer thickness.

[0199] In one possible implementation, the partitioning module 1901 is further configured to obtain the average depth of lakes in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area; and to determine the ecological water level threshold of the lake wetland groundwater by superimposing the average depth of the lakes with the ecological water level threshold of the vegetation groundwater.

[0200] In one possible implementation, the partitioning module 1901 is further configured to divide the target oasis area into irrigation seasons and non-irrigation seasons based on the irrigation system of the target oasis area; when the target oasis area is in the irrigation season, the ecological water level thresholds of salinized groundwater, vegetation, and lake wetland are combined as the ecological water level threshold of the groundwater in the target oasis area; when the target oasis area is in the non-irrigation season, the ecological water level thresholds of salinized groundwater and lake wetland are combined as the ecological water level threshold of the groundwater in the target oasis area.

[0201] In one possible implementation, the determining module 1902 is specifically used to construct a water cycle model to simulate the water cycle process of the target oasis area; based on the water cycle model, to simulate the water cycle process of the multiple derived control schemes, and to obtain the estimated groundwater level depth information of the target oasis area corresponding to each derived control scheme; and to determine the target control scheme based on the estimated groundwater level depth information and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area.

[0202] In one possible implementation, the determining module 1902 is further configured to determine, based on the estimated groundwater level depth information and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area, a plurality of derived control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area; and, based on preset conditions, determine the target control scheme from among the plurality of derived control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area.

[0203] The dynamic control device for groundwater ecological water level zoning in arid oasis areas provided in this embodiment can be as follows: Figure 19 The dynamic regulation device for groundwater ecological water level zoning in arid oases shown in the figure can perform actions such as... Figure 1-6 All steps of the dynamic regulation method for ecological water level of groundwater in oases in arid regions, thereby achieving Figure 1-6 For details on the technical effects of the dynamic regulation method for groundwater ecological water level zoning in arid oases, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1-6 The relevant descriptions are presented concisely and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0204] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 20 The computer device 2000 shown includes at least one processor 2001, a memory 2002, at least one network interface 2004, and other user interfaces 2003. The various components in the computer device 2000 are coupled together via a bus system 2005. It is understood that the bus system 2005 is used to implement communication between these components. In addition to a data bus, the bus system 2005 also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity, ... Figure 20 The general labeled all buses as Bus System 2005.

[0205] The user interface 2003 may include a display, keyboard, or clicking device (e.g., mouse, trackball, touchpad, or touchscreen).

[0206] It is understood that the memory 2002 in the embodiments of the present invention can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate Synchronous DRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0207] In some implementations, memory 2002 stores elements, executable units or data structures, or subsets thereof, or extended sets thereof: operating system 20021 and application program 20022.

[0208] Operating system 20021 includes various system programs, such as the framework layer, core library layer, and driver layer, used to implement various basic business functions and handle hardware-based tasks. Application program 20022 includes various applications, such as media players and browsers, used to implement various application functions. The program implementing the method of the embodiments of the present invention can be included in application program 20022.

[0209] In this embodiment of the invention, by calling a program or instruction stored in memory 2002, specifically a program or instruction stored in application program 20022, processor 2001 executes the method steps provided in each method embodiment, including, for example:

[0210] The target oasis area is divided into zones based on multiple environmental factors, and a dynamic threshold for the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area is determined for each zone. Based on the dynamic threshold, a target regulation month is determined. Based on the environmental information of the target oasis area, a baseline regulation scheme and multiple derivative regulation schemes are determined. Based on the dynamic threshold and the target regulation month, a target regulation scheme is determined from the multiple derivative regulation schemes. The groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area is regulated based on the target regulation scheme.

[0211] In one possible implementation, the multiple environmental factors include at least: distribution of irrigation canal systems, administrative divisions, salinization distribution, irrigation district distribution, lake distribution, urban distribution, and topography; the target oasis area is divided into oasis irrigation districts and oasis irrigation district edge areas based on multiple environmental factors.

[0212] In one possible implementation, the zoning dynamic threshold includes at least a salinized groundwater ecological water level threshold, a vegetation groundwater ecological water level threshold, and a lake / wetland groundwater ecological water level threshold; the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area is obtained; the correlation between the soil salinization degree and groundwater depth data of the salinized area of ​​the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area within a preset historical time period is obtained; and the salinized groundwater ecological water level threshold is determined based on the maximum capillary rise height and the correlation.

[0213] In one possible implementation, the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area is obtained; the root layer thickness of the vegetation community in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area is obtained; and the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater is determined based on the maximum capillary rise height and the root layer thickness.

[0214] In one possible implementation, the average depth of lakes in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area is obtained; the average depth of lakes is superimposed with the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater to determine the ecological water level threshold of lake wetland groundwater.

[0215] In one possible implementation, based on the irrigation system of the target oasis area, an irrigation season and a non-irrigation season are divided; when the target oasis area is in the irrigation season, the ecological water level thresholds of salinized groundwater, vegetation, and lake wetland are combined as the ecological water level threshold of the groundwater in the target oasis area; when the target oasis area is in the non-irrigation season, the ecological water level thresholds of salinized groundwater and lake wetland are combined as the ecological water level threshold of the groundwater in the target oasis area.

[0216] In one possible implementation, a water cycle model is constructed to simulate the water cycle process of the target oasis area; based on the water cycle model, the water cycle process of the multiple derivative control schemes is simulated to obtain the estimated groundwater level depth information of the target oasis area corresponding to each derivative control scheme; based on the estimated groundwater level depth information and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area, the target control scheme is determined.

[0217] In one possible implementation, based on the estimated groundwater level depth information and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area, multiple derivative control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area are determined; based on preset conditions, the target control scheme is determined from the multiple derivative control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area.

[0218] The methods disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention can be applied to or implemented by the processor 2001. The processor 2001 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in the processor 2001 or by instructions in the form of software. The processor 2001 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software units in the decoding processor. The software units may be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in memory 2002. Processor 2001 reads the information in memory 2002 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0219] It is understood that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processing unit can be implemented in one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), general-purpose processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units for performing the functions described herein, or combinations thereof.

[0220] For software implementation, the techniques described herein can be implemented by units that perform the functions described herein. The software code can be stored in memory and executed by a processor. The memory can be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.

[0221] The computer device provided in this embodiment may be as follows: Figure 20 The computer device shown can perform, for example Figure 1-6 All steps of the dynamic regulation method for ecological water level of groundwater in oases in arid regions, thereby achieving Figure 1-6 For details on the technical effects of the dynamic regulation method for groundwater ecological water level zoning in arid oases, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1-6 The relevant descriptions are presented concisely and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0222] This invention also provides a storage medium (computer-readable storage medium). This storage medium stores one or more programs. The storage medium may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive; the memory may also include combinations of the above types of memory.

[0223] When one or more programs in the storage medium can be executed by one or more processors to implement the above-mentioned method for dynamic control of groundwater ecological water level in arid oasis areas executed on the computer device side.

[0224] The processor is used to execute the dynamic regulation program for groundwater ecological water level zoning in arid oases stored in the memory, so as to realize the following steps of the dynamic regulation method for groundwater ecological water level zoning in arid oases executed on the computer device side:

[0225] The target oasis area is divided into zones based on multiple environmental factors, and a dynamic threshold for the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area is determined for each zone. Based on the dynamic threshold, a target regulation month is determined. Based on the environmental information of the target oasis area, a baseline regulation scheme and multiple derivative regulation schemes are determined. Based on the dynamic threshold and the target regulation month, a target regulation scheme is determined from the multiple derivative regulation schemes. The groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area is regulated based on the target regulation scheme.

[0226] In one possible implementation, the multiple environmental factors include at least: distribution of irrigation canal systems, administrative divisions, salinization distribution, irrigation district distribution, lake distribution, urban distribution, and topography; the target oasis area is divided into oasis irrigation districts and oasis irrigation district edge areas based on multiple environmental factors.

[0227] In one possible implementation, the zoning dynamic threshold includes at least a salinized groundwater ecological water level threshold, a vegetation groundwater ecological water level threshold, and a lake / wetland groundwater ecological water level threshold; the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area is obtained; the correlation between the soil salinization degree and groundwater depth data of the salinized area of ​​the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area within a preset historical time period is obtained; and the salinized groundwater ecological water level threshold is determined based on the maximum capillary rise height and the correlation.

[0228] In one possible implementation, the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area is obtained; the root layer thickness of the vegetation community in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area is obtained; and the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater is determined based on the maximum capillary rise height and the root layer thickness.

[0229] In one possible implementation, the average depth of lakes in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area is obtained; the average depth of lakes is superimposed with the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater to determine the ecological water level threshold of lake wetland groundwater.

[0230] In one possible implementation, based on the irrigation system of the target oasis area, an irrigation season and a non-irrigation season are divided; when the target oasis area is in the irrigation season, the ecological water level thresholds of salinized groundwater, vegetation, and lake wetland are combined as the ecological water level threshold of the groundwater in the target oasis area; when the target oasis area is in the non-irrigation season, the ecological water level thresholds of salinized groundwater and lake wetland are combined as the ecological water level threshold of the groundwater in the target oasis area.

[0231] In one possible implementation, a water cycle model is constructed to simulate the water cycle process of the target oasis area; based on the water cycle model, the water cycle process of the multiple derivative control schemes is simulated to obtain the estimated groundwater level depth information of the target oasis area corresponding to each derivative control scheme; based on the estimated groundwater level depth information and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area, the target control scheme is determined.

[0232] In one possible implementation, based on the estimated groundwater level depth information and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area, multiple derivative control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area are determined; based on preset conditions, the target control scheme is determined from the multiple derivative control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area.

[0233] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0234] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0235] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic zoning and regulation of groundwater ecological water level in oases in arid areas, characterized in that, include: The target oasis area is divided into zones based on multiple environmental factors, and dynamic thresholds for the ecological water level of the groundwater in each zone are determined. These dynamic thresholds include at least three levels: salinized groundwater ecological water level threshold, vegetation groundwater ecological water level threshold, and lake / wetland groundwater ecological water level threshold. Specifically, the salinized groundwater ecological water level threshold is determined through theoretical calculations based on the maximum capillary rise height combined with experimental observation and analysis. The vegetation groundwater ecological water level threshold is determined based on the maximum capillary rise height and the thickness of the vegetation root layer. The lake / wetland groundwater ecological water level threshold is determined by superimposing the average lake depth with the vegetation groundwater ecological water level threshold. Based on the aforementioned dynamic threshold for each partition, the target month for regulation is determined; Based on the environmental information of the target oasis area, a baseline control scheme and multiple derivative control schemes are determined. Based on the partition dynamic threshold and the target control month, a target control scheme is determined from the plurality of derived control schemes; The groundwater ecological water level in the target oasis area is regulated based on the target regulation scheme.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned environmental factors include at least: distribution of irrigation canal systems, administrative divisions, salinization distribution, irrigation district distribution, lake distribution, urban distribution, and topography; The partitioning of the target oasis area based on multiple environmental factors includes: Based on multiple environmental factors, the target oasis area is divided into an oasis irrigation area and an oasis irrigation area edge area.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the zonal dynamic threshold for the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area includes: Obtain the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area; Obtain the correlation between soil salinization degree and groundwater depth data of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area within a preset historical time period; The ecological water level threshold for salinized groundwater is determined based on the maximum capillary rise height and the correlation.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination of the zonal dynamic threshold for the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area includes: Obtain the maximum capillary rise height of the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area; Obtain the root layer thickness of the vegetation community in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area; The ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater is determined based on the maximum rise height of capillary water and the thickness of the root layer.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the zonal dynamic threshold for the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area includes: Obtain the average depth of lakes in the oasis irrigation area and the edge area of ​​the oasis irrigation area; The average depth of the lake is superimposed with the ecological water level threshold of the vegetation groundwater to determine the ecological water level threshold of the lake wetland.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the irrigation system of the target oasis area, the irrigation season and non-irrigation season are divided; When the target oasis area is in the irrigation season, the ecological water level threshold of salinized groundwater, the ecological water level threshold of vegetation groundwater, and the ecological water level threshold of lake and wetland groundwater are combined as the ecological water level threshold of groundwater in the target oasis area. When the target oasis area is in the non-irrigation season, the ecological water level threshold of salinized groundwater and the ecological water level threshold of lake wetland groundwater are combined as the ecological water level threshold of groundwater in the target oasis area.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining the target control scheme from among the multiple derived control schemes based on the partition dynamic threshold and the target control month includes: A water cycle model was constructed to simulate the water cycle process in the target oasis area. Based on the water cycle model, the water cycle process of the multiple derivative control schemes is simulated to obtain the estimated groundwater level depth information of the target oasis area corresponding to each derivative control scheme. Based on the estimated groundwater level depth and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area, a target regulation scheme is determined.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The determination of the target regulation scheme based on the estimated groundwater level depth information and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area includes: Based on the estimated groundwater level depth information and the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area, multiple derivative control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area are determined. Based on preset conditions, the target control scheme is determined from multiple derived control schemes that meet the groundwater ecological water level threshold of the target oasis area.

9. A dynamic regulation device for ecological groundwater level in arid oases, characterized in that, include: The zoning module is used to zon the target oasis area based on multiple environmental factors, and to determine the dynamic threshold of the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area. The dynamic threshold includes at least a salinized groundwater ecological water level threshold, a vegetation groundwater ecological water level threshold, and a lake / wetland groundwater ecological water level threshold. Specifically, the salinized groundwater ecological water level threshold is determined by combining theoretical calculations of the maximum capillary rise height with experimental observation and analysis. The vegetation groundwater ecological water level threshold is determined based on the maximum capillary rise height and the thickness of the vegetation root layer. The lake / wetland groundwater ecological water level threshold is determined by superimposing the average lake depth and the vegetation groundwater ecological water level threshold. The determination module is used to determine the target control month based on the partition dynamic threshold; The determining module is also used to determine a baseline control scheme and multiple derivative control schemes based on the environmental information of the target oasis area; The determining module is further configured to determine a target control scheme from among the plurality of derived control schemes based on the partition dynamic threshold and the target control month; The regulation module is used to regulate the groundwater ecological water level of the target oasis area based on the target regulation scheme.

10. A computer device, characterized in that, include: A processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute a dynamic regulation program for the ecological water level zoning of groundwater in arid oases stored in the memory, so as to implement the dynamic regulation method for the ecological water level zoning of groundwater in arid oases as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores one or more programs, which can be executed by one or more processors to implement the method for dynamic control of groundwater ecological water level in arid oasis areas as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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