Surgical instrument and tool for a surgical instrument

Abstract

A surgical instrument (1) is provided, comprising a sleeve (4) which is configured to accommodate a part of a tool (2), wherein the sleeve (4) has a signal line (13) which extends axially along the sleeve (4) and a magnetic memory reading device which is arranged on the sleeve (4) and is electrically connected to the signal line (13) of the sleeve (4), wherein the magnetic memory reading device is configured to read information about the tool contained in a magnetic memory (8) surrounding a circumference of the part of the tool (2) and to transmit the information to an evaluation unit via the signal line (13) of the sleeve (4). Furthermore a tool (2) for a surgical instrument (1) is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a surgical instrument, particularly a milling handpiece, and a tool for the surgical instrument. Background Technology

[0002] To date, in the field of non-medical electric handheld machine tools (including milling machines), devices are known for automatically identifying tool-specific data of tools that can be used in handheld machine tools, wherein the tools, such as cutting drill bits, have geometric codes, such as barcodes, in the area of ​​their insertion shank. A reading device, such as an electronic, optical, or mechanical sensor, installed in the tool holder (tool chuck) and oriented toward the code, generates a signal corresponding to the code and transmits the signal to the control unit or evaluation unit of the machine tool for further processing.

[0003] Tools used, particularly in the medical field, such as cutting, drilling, and / or milling tools, can be broadly categorized into three sections: a proximal coupling section, a shank section, and at least one distal working end / effector. The shank section connects the coupling section to the working end of the tool. The working end, opposite the coupling section at the other end of the tool, is the functional part of the tool for engagement with the patient. This can be configured in various application-specific ways. The types of tools referred to herein generally include tools, drills, milling cutters, etc., available in the medical field. However, there is no limitation on products of the aforementioned types specifically from the medical field.

[0004] In the medical field, due to the type of tool used and the corresponding working environment conditions, the coupled coding detection described above is neither feasible nor suitable. Instead, labels or tags are currently used, which can be placed on the tool itself or on its outer packaging. To identify, for example, which tool is inserted into the instrument being used, the label on the tool or each individual tool or its outer packaging must be examined. Therefore, there is currently no automated and / or automated documented tool identification system, meaning that users or customers must rely on labels or inscriptions for identification, or at least be able to identify which product is involved, and then manual documented registration is required.

[0005] This negatively impacts not only users but also distributors, customers, and manufacturers of such tools. Furthermore, users or customers cannot easily identify whether a desired tool is suitable for their specific application without seeing labels or outer packaging. For example, distributors or customers often cannot determine which products are still in stock in warehouses or consignment stores without inventory checks. Manufacturers may be unable to ascertain which products have been combined and / or used. Therefore, they cannot understand tool overload and potential product damage. Consequently, customized logistics cannot be provided to customers.

[0006] The background to this problem lies in the fact that electrically, hydraulically, or pneumatically driven handpieces have / are equipped with a typically replaceable spacer sleeve on their distal end section to accommodate the patient's anatomy, wherein the distal end region is prepared for rotatably and / or movably receiving the tool. In contrast to the handpiece, the spacer sleeve is of a small diameter to allow, for example, insertion into the patient's abdominal cavity. Furthermore, for driving the tool, a torque rod is housed within the spacer sleeve, which transmits the driving torque from a drive motor within the handpiece to the tool.

[0007] Therefore, automatic identification tools, such as drills and milling cutters, are especially needed in the medical field to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and solve related problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Therefore, the objective of this invention is to avoid or at least reduce the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it should automatically identify tools that are engaged with surgical instruments.

[0009] According to the invention, in the case of a device of this type, the task is accomplished by providing a spacer sleeve for a surgical instrument and preferably for a surgical instrument having such a spacer sleeve, wherein the sleeve is configured at its distal end region to preferably rotatably accommodate at least a portion of the tool. The sleeve has signal lines. The signal lines extend axially along the sleeve. The spacer sleeve (or surgical instrument) also has a magnetic memory reading device. The magnetic memory reading device is disposed on the sleeve. The magnetic memory reading device is electrically connected to the signal lines of the sleeve. The magnetic memory reading device is configured to read information about the tool contained in the magnetic memory based on the magnetic memory. The magnetic memory surrounds or forms a circumference of a portion of the tool. The magnetic memory reading device is also configured to transmit the read information to an evaluation unit via the signal lines of the sleeve.

[0010] In other words, the tool according to the invention has a tool information carrier, preferably a magnetic storage device arranged in the handle section of the tool, and containing tool-specific information. A reading device is arranged in the distal tool-receiving area within / on the spacer sleeve, the reading device being configured to read the tool information carrier and its information that has been inserted into the spacer sleeve. A (specific) data transmission line / signal line (conductor circuit) is connected to the reading device, which is laid in its longitudinal direction within / on the spacer sleeve and preferably guided to the coupling section between the spacer sleeve and the handheld component. Through this signal line, the reading device is connected to an evaluation unit, preferably in the handheld component, or can be connected by coupling the spacer sleeve to the handheld component.

[0011] Therefore, information about the tools can be automatically obtained through the reading device and evaluated by the evaluation unit. Thus, the surgeon can obtain information about the tools used / inserted into the spacer sleeve without prior visual inspection.

[0012] Surgical instruments can be motorized surgical instruments, such as milling handpieces. In particular, instruments are understood herein as surgical devices configured to receive and operate tools.

[0013] The sleeve can be made of a non-conductive material. Alternatively, the sleeve can be made of a rigid material, such as ceramic.

[0014] Magnetic storage devices can include tool-related information in the form of layers. This information can be stored on the layers in a magnetized form. This information can be arranged or stored at least along the circumferential or rotational direction of the tool. The magnetic storage device may include a ferromagnetic layer that can be configured for magnetization.

[0015] For reading purposes, a magnetic memory reading device may, for example, have a reading head. The reading head or magnetic memory reading device can be configured to acquire the information as a signal and forward it via signal lines as the tool rotates along a (magnetic) track in the circumferential direction of the tool handle. These signals may be based on a variable magnetic field due to different magnetization regions of the magnetic memory along the track. This magnetic field can induce different voltages in the reading head or magnetic memory reading device, and these voltages can be forwarded as information or signals via signal lines.

[0016] The evaluation unit can be a processing unit inside or outside the surgical instrument. The evaluation unit can be configured to evaluate / process information or signals. The processing unit can output the corresponding results of the evaluation of the information or signals to the user of the surgical instrument via a user interface.

[0017] Advantageous implementation methods are described in more detail below.

[0018] The magnetic storage reading device can be housed within the space defined by the outer casing of the sleeve. Therefore, the tool and the magnetic storage reading device can be housed together within this sleeve. This allows for a space-saving design of the surgical instrument.

[0019] The magnetic memory reading device may include at least one magnetometer. The magnetometer can be used as the reading head defined above. The sleeve may have at least one opening / notch / window on its circumferential wall. A portion of the magnetometer may be located in this opening. The notch (through hole) provides simple mounting for the magnetic memory reading device. Furthermore, this ensures a sufficient distance between the magnetometer and the magnetic memory during operation.

[0020] Advantageously, the magnetometer can be a Hall sensor in the form of a surface-mount (SMD) component. This allows the magnetometer to be easily inserted into the sleeve, for example, manually by means of clamping.

[0021] Reading can be performed while manipulating surgical instruments (containing drive motors), for example, via a toggle switch on the surgical instrument or an actuation switch connected to the surgical instrument, such as a foot pedal. Such actuation devices / switches can be configured to operate the surgical instrument, particularly its motor. Therefore, by simply manipulating the actuation elements associated with the surgical instrument (e.g., a foot pedal), information about the currently inserted instrument can be provided to the user of the surgical instrument.

[0022] The aforementioned objective is achieved in this type of device according to the invention by providing a tool for a surgical instrument. The tool includes a portion (tool handle) configured to be housed within a sleeve of the surgical instrument. Furthermore, the tool includes a data carrier / information carrier, preferably, in particular, a magnetic memory in the form of a layer. The (magnetic) layer is configured to form a circumference around the portion, or rather, to cover the outer side of the tool handle along its (entire) circumferential direction. The tool is designed to cooperate with the surgical instrument or its spacer sleeve as defined above, such that the magnetic memory is read by means of a magnetic memory reading device of the surgical instrument / spacer sleeve. Therefore, information about the tool can be automatically acquired and evaluated. Thus, the surgeon can obtain information about the tool being used without prior observation.

[0023] The magnetic storage device can be configured to be pushed onto the portion. This provides a modular magnetic storage device that can be selectively connected to a tool.

[0024] The magnetic storage device may have magnetized wire loops surrounding the circumference of the portion. The wire loops may be arranged axially offset from each other along the tool.

[0025] Furthermore, the magnetic storage device can have permanent magnets or line segments. The permanent magnets or line segments can be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the tool and in the axial direction along the tool.

[0026] Furthermore, the magnetic storage device can have spherical permanent magnets. These spherical permanent magnets can be arranged staggered from each other along the tool in both the circumferential and axial directions.

[0027] Therefore, different magnetic memory variants can be provided, which can be used to automatically read information about the instrument while it is in operation using a magnetic memory reading device.

[0028] Signal lines can be made of (good) conductive materials, such as copper, silver, or gold.

[0029] The sleeve is preferably configured to forward or transmit electrical signals between the first (distal) axial end and the second (proximal) axial end of the sleeve in the axial direction and / or between the inner and outer surfaces of the sleeve in the radial direction.

[0030] Advantageously, the outer surface of the sleeve has a channel extending along the entire axial length of the sleeve. Preferably, signal lines are provided or arranged in the channel. In other words, a conductive material is present in the channel. This advantageously allows electrical signals to be intercepted, forwarded, or transmitted on the outer surface of the sleeve.

[0031] The channels are preferably constructed with precision or fine detail and manufactured by grinding or engraving, such as laser engraving. The channels are preferably metallized and coated with a highly conductive material to construct signal lines.

[0032] Advantageously, the signal lines are offset inwards from the outer surface of the sleeve, so that the signal lines are only located in the lower region of the groove. In other words, the signal lines are preferably completely submerged in the channel, thus the (outer) outer surface of the sleeve is spaced apart from the signal lines in the radial direction of the sleeve. Therefore, the signal lines preferably do not terminate flush with the outer surface, but exist further inward. This achieves electrical isolation between the individual signal lines. This is particularly necessary because the outer tube of the milling handpiece is usually made of metal, and the sleeve is preferably inserted into the outer tube and rests directly against the outer tube.

[0033] Suitablely, insulators are placed on the signal lines. In other words, the additional presence of insulators improves the electrical separation between the signal lines. The insulator can be, for example, an insert made of silicone resin. Alternatively, the insulator can also be implemented using an adhesive layer. Due to the additional insulation, surgical instruments, especially milling handpieces (with sleeves inserted into the surgical instrument), are less sensitive to incoming conductive liquids (e.g., saline solutions).

[0034] An advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the inner surface of the sleeve has at least one signal line. If the signal line is additionally or alternatively provided on the inner surface of the sleeve, then electrical signals can be intercepted, forwarded, or transmitted in the internal region. For example, metallized tracks (at least one metallized track) can be provided on the inner surface. These metallized tracks can be connected to a magnetic memory read device.

[0035] Particularly advantageous is that the signal lines disposed on the inner surface of the sleeve are electrically connected to the corresponding signal lines disposed on the outer surface of the sleeve. For example, the sleeve may have micro-holes (micro-holes) extending radially in the sleeve, through which the signal lines on the inner surface and corresponding signal lines on the outer surface are electrically connected / connected (e.g., by means of a conductive material in the holes). In other words, the holes (micro-holes) preferably extend between the channel on the outer surface and the signal lines on the inner surface. Furthermore, plated through-holes are preferably implemented as in circuit board technology, and these plated through-holes can also function as solder pads. Therefore, wiring components, such as capacitors, can also be integrated into the system. Solderable portions of the SMD components of the magnetic memory read-and-write device can be provided on the inner surface. These solderable portions can be connected to the signal lines located inside.

[0036] Signal lines can, in principle, be introduced into the sleeve at different depths. This allows for the creation of sleeves that are at least sectionally very thin-walled. Furthermore, multiple signal lines can be provided, introduced into the sleeve at different depths. This applies not only to signal lines mounted on the outer casing but also to signal lines mounted on the inner casing. Preferably, signal lines mounted on the inner casing are located on the inner casing surface of the sleeve itself and are not embedded.

[0037] Advantageously, the electrical contacts are electrically connected to the corresponding signal lines. This applies not only to signal lines on the inner casing but also to signal lines on the outer casing. When multiple signal lines are provided, it is advantageous that one signal line is interrupted on one side (e.g., the inner side) and continues on the other side (e.g., the outer side). This can be achieved through conductive connections in radially extending holes.

[0038] For example, electrical contacts / contact surfaces for sensors or other (electronic) components can be applied to the inner surface of the sleeve, preferably electrically connected to corresponding signal lines applied to the inner surface. This is particularly suitable for magnetic memory read devices.

[0039] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the sleeve is composed of multiple (at least two, preferably three or more) nested sleeves. In other words, it is preferable that multiple sleeves are arranged in multiple layers. This advantageously allows for the integration of more functions into the sleeve and maximizes the use of structural space.

[0040] Preferably, the sleeve allows signal transmission from distal to proximal and vice versa, that is, in the axial direction of the surgical instrument or sleeve, and signal transmission from inside to outside and vice versa, that is, in the radial direction of the surgical instrument or sleeve.

[0041] Therefore, multidirectional signal forwarding / transmission is generally provided in surgical instruments / handpieces (milling handpieces), which can be achieved through sleeves with integrated signal lines.

[0042] In other words, the present invention relates to handheld devices with magnetic tool recognition, such as surgical milling handheld devices equipped with automatic tool recognition, and related tools equipped with magnetic memory.

[0043] In one implementation, when the tool is put into operation, the correct tool type and batch number can be automatically read from the magnetic memory. In particular, the tool can be automatically identified after insertion into the milling handpiece or during the first operation of the foot pedal / manual control. Related data associated with identification may include, for example, the part number (and therefore the tool type), batch number, shelf life, etc.

[0044] This allows you to show customers or users of surgical instruments which product is being used. Different display variations can be configured for this purpose. Additional instructions can be displayed depending on the inserted tool and the handheld device being used.

[0045] Furthermore, it can be specified that the control device of the surgical instrument, also referred to herein as the control unit, automatically selects and / or sets the optimal rotational speed adapted to the tool. This can save input work for the customer or user of the surgical instrument.

[0046] A preferred embodiment of the present invention may include a handheld device having an integrated magnetic memory read device. The handheld device may include a specific miniaturized magnetic memory read device in a spacer sleeve at its distal end.

[0047] Another preferred embodiment may be a tool with integrated magnetic storage. In this preferred embodiment, the tool has integrated magnetic storage. The handle of the tool may be made of non-ferromagnetic steel and has a recess. This recess is only a few tenths of a millimeter deep.

[0048] The handle can be injection molded onto a magnetic layer carrier made of plastic using an insertion tool. A magnetizable oxide layer (as in magnetic tape) can be deposited on the magnetic layer carrier; this oxide layer is also referred to herein as the magnetic layer. Finally, a thin layer of protective varnish can be applied to protect the magnetic layer. The magnetic memory defined herein may comprise at least an oxide layer or an oxide layer and a magnetic layer carrier and / or a protective varnish.

[0049] The thicknesses of the magnetic carrier, magnetic layer, and protective varnish can vary. For example, the magnetic layer can be (only) a few hundredths of a millimeter thick (e.g., less than 100 μm or less than 50 μm). For example, the protective varnish layer can be only a few micrometers thick (e.g., less than 10 μm or less than 5 μm).

[0050] Furthermore, one embodiment can be configured as a combination of a handpiece and a tool of a surgical instrument. In this case, the tool can be pushed in and locked into the handle of the handpiece. Here, a magnetic memory readout device integrated into the handpiece can be arranged between the distal and proximal ball bearings at the tip of the handle of the handpiece. Here, the magnetic memory of the tool is adjacent to four Hall sensors, which are either part of the magnetic memory readout device or a component thereof.

[0051] The Hall sensor and capacitor can be part of or jointly form a magnetic memory readout device, and can be precisely positioned between the handle and the tool of the handheld device. Specifically, six signal lines can be used for signal guidance. These signal lines are used to connect the power supply voltage (VCC and GND) and the four signal outputs of the Hall sensor to the evaluation electronics (also collectively referred to herein as the evaluation unit). The evaluation electronics can be located, for example, in the handle of the handheld device or in the control device, providing more space. Signal forwarding / guidance can be performed via the handle or sleeve.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, a tool having a magnetizable / magnetizable layer can be used. This magnetizable / magnetizable layer can be written to multiple tracks, as in the digital magnetic tape of previous magnetic tape devices / data storage devices.

[0053] This can be a 7-track magnetic tape with a 6-bit alphanumeric code according to DIN 66010, 66011, and 66013. The tape can be digitally written to multiple tracks. The tape can have a storage density of up to 32 bits per millimeter. The total amount of data that can be stored can be affected by using multiple tracks and, of course, by the length of the tape. Therefore, very large amounts of data can be stored on the tape.

[0054] For reading magnetic tape, a dedicated read head can be used, which is, for example, part of a magnetic memory read device. The structural size of conventional read heads may be too large for the limited distal structural space of current milling handpieces, making integration impossible. Therefore, to read the magnetization layer on the tool, a particularly miniaturized Hall sensor can be used as the read head.

[0055] Writing to the tool can be performed directly after tool production. For this purpose, writing / encoding devices of any structural size can be used. Therefore, magnetization can also be achieved using a conventional write head.

[0056] Tools used for milling handpieces in surgical procedures require relatively little data for identification. In principle, storing the part number and batch number on the tool itself is sufficient. If this data is stored in a database, even alphanumeric codes are unnecessary. Therefore, data or information about the tool can be stored purely in binary format. This also has the advantage that the tool is described in a coded manner and thus prevents it from being imitated / counterfeited.

[0057] For example, a 40-bit code can be used. 40 bits can store 1,099,511,628,000 different states. Without a check digit or other security features, this is a 13-bit number. Using common conversions, decimal 549, 755, 813, 900 can be stored. The number of tools is significantly less than this, for example, less than 5000 tools or less than 1000 tools or tool types. The batch number can be 8 bits. Therefore, 5496 different tools and 99,999,999 different batch numbers can be stored. Thus, a sufficiently large number of different tools can be mapped.

[0058] According to the advantageous improvement scheme, the tool must rotate within the handpiece for reading. The handpiece can have a driver with a rotational speed of approximately 80,000 revolutions per minute. This corresponds to 1.333 kHz. The selected small Hall sensor can have a readout rate of 20 kHz. At the maximum rotational speed of 80,000 revolutions per minute, 15 bits can be detected per revolution. Here, reducing it to 10 bits can improve security during reading. For the required 40 bits, four tracks may be necessary. Other storage capacities can also be achieved using other frame conditions. In the case of a ring-shaped tool with a radius in the range of 2 mm to 3 mm (e.g., 2 to 2.5 mm), especially a radius in the range of approximately 2.3 mm or 2.37 mm, and therefore a circumference of approximately 7 mm or 7.44 mm, the strip length is limited. The storage capacity can be increased by reducing the readout speed or increasing the number of tracks.

[0059] The tool can continuously detect the required number of item numbers and / or batch numbers during continuous operation at maximum speed.

[0060] In particular, one aspect could be describing and reading tools with magnetic storage. The tool could have magnetizable layers. The unfolded layer could be approximately 8 mm wide and approximately 7 mm long / high, for example, 7.44 mm long / high. During production, the magnetic layers can be described in four tracks using binary code. Each track can contain 10 bits. This corresponds to a storage density of 1.34 bits / mm. Each track can contain less than or a maximum of 20 bits (or 15 bits or 10 bits). This is significantly smaller than conventional magnetic tape devices, thus improving read security. The track width could be 1 mm and the track spacing (center-to-center) could be 2 mm. These values ​​also provide high read security.

[0061] Four Hall sensors can be integrated into the spacer sleeve of the handheld device. Their axial distance can be exactly equivalent to the track width or track distance. To save space, the sensors can be arranged relative to each other and staggered. For example, two Hall sensors can be arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve on the inner cover of the sleeve. In addition, two other Hall sensors can be arranged parallel to the two Hall sensors on the opposing inner sides of the sleeve. Furthermore, multiple pairs of Hall sensors can also be arranged staggered along the inner circumference of each other within a range of 90° and 180°, for example, between 100° and 170° or between 110° and 160°.

[0062] Here, Hall sensors arranged side-by-side along the sleeve in the axial direction can form a pair. The multiple pairs can respectively read tracks 1 and 3 or 2 and 4 of the four side-by-side tracks.

[0063] The (minimum) distance between the magnetic layer arranged on the tool and the corresponding Hall sensor can be less than 0.1 mm, for example, less than 0.05 mm. In this case, the distance can be greater than 10 μm. This applies if the tool or its corresponding part is already housed in a milling handpiece and the milling handpiece is ready for operation or in motion.

[0064] To house the magnetic storage read device along with the tool within the spacer sleeve, a notch, also called a clearance, can be provided to accommodate the corresponding Hall sensor and increase the internal space for the portion of the tool to be accommodated, or to accommodate the distance between the Hall sensor(s) and the portion of the tool to be accommodated. When the Hall sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the spacer sleeve, for example, there may be no distance between the portion of the tool to be accommodated and the Hall sensor. The notch in the side wall of the sleeve remedies this problem. Conductive circuitry can be installed on the outer side of the sleeve (on the outer casing).

[0065] Furthermore, the spacer sleeve can contain the connections for the various components of the magnetic memory read device on the inner side of the sleeve (on the inner cover). These components can be connected to the conductor circuit (also referred to here as signal lines) on the outer side through small holes.

[0066] The Hall sensor used can have a structural dimension of approximately 0.95 × 1.4 × 3.04 mm (housing). This can be a standard SMD component. In addition to the Hall sensor, a capacitor with a capacitance of, for example, 10 nF can be provided. This capacitor can have a size of 0.5 × 0.5 × 1 mm.

[0067] In another design embodiment of the invention, the Hall sensor and capacitor can be integrated. For installation, the connection pins of the Hall sensor may need to be slightly bent so that the pins do not exceed the outer diameter of the spacer sleeve. Due to the small structural form of the capacitor, the capacitor fits into the inner side of the spacer sleeve, for example, without any notches / openings. It may be particularly necessary to arrange / connect the capacitor as close as possible to the corresponding Hall sensor. This can be achieved through positioning on the inner side. For example, the wiring section between each capacitor and Hall sensor can be less than 3 mm (or 2 mm or 1 mm). The capacitor can be connected between VCC and GND. This maintains / smooths the power supply voltage VCC.

[0068] In another embodiment of the invention, a method can be provided, particularly for mounting magnetic memory read devices. For mounting, also known as SMT (Surface Mount Technology), the components of the magnetic memory read device can use SMD technology. These components can be held in place by means of a device and then brazed in an oven or by means of hot air. To better protect the electronic components, the internal space of the spacer sleeve can be cast or molded. The bonding core (the placeholder for the tool shank) can then be removed. This improves insulation and increases the lifespan of the components. The tool shank can be a portion of the tool that is configured to be received in the sleeve, with or without magnetic memory. In particular, the magnetic memory can be introduced or arranged in a recess / recess of the portion of the tool that is configured to be received in the sleeve, such that the magnetic memory is aligned with the tool, i.e., its circumferential surface, or both circumferences are identical.

[0069] Variations of magnetic storage read devices can be:

[0070] - Reduced to one magnetic track and therefore only one Hall sensor.

[0071] - Expanded to 5 to N magnetic rails (N is a natural number) and correspondingly expanded to many Hall sensors, and / or

[0072] -Use a special "miniature microphone" instead of a Hall sensor.

[0073] The following four variants can be configured for tools or magnetic storage:

[0074] -Variation 1: A tool with a removable magnetic storage device. For easier installation, it is advantageous to design the magnetic storage device to be removable.

[0075] -Variation 2: A tool with a wire-magnetic memory. To achieve stronger magnetization, magnetized wire can be used. Each wire loop can correspond to a track. The magnetized bits can be distributed along the wire loops, for example, arranged at uniform intervals.

[0076] -Variation 3: A tool with a cylindrical micro-magnet. Stronger magnetization can be achieved using a single magnetized line segment or small permanent magnets. These are either pressed in or glued together. For the line segment, all holes can be filled. Magnetization is then performed via a writing device. The writing device can adapt / change the magnetization based on information about the tool. In the permanent magnet, only the holes for "bit one" are filled. The remaining holes for "bit zero" remain empty or are filled with a protective varnish.

[0077] -Variation 4: A tool with spherical miniature magnets. Spherical permanent magnets are easier to install because orientation is not required. Targeted orientation of each magnetic pole can be achieved using an externally mounted magnet (permanent magnet / electromagnetic) with a mounting device. This fixing is achieved using adhesive. As in the variation above, only "bit one" is filled. Therefore, a bit pattern can be established along the circumference by means of magnetization.

[0078] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the explanations given herein can be implemented using hardware circuitry, software devices, or a combination thereof. Software devices may be associated with a programmable microprocessor or general-purpose computer, an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), and / or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor).

[0079] For example, processing units, evaluation units, motor units, control units, writing devices, magnetic memory reading devices, and / or surgical instruments themselves may be partially implemented as computers, logic circuits, FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), processors (e.g., including microprocessors, microcontrollers (μC), or vector processors) / cores (main memory, which may be integrated into the processor or used by the processor) / CPUs (Central Processing Unit; where multiple processor cores are possible), FPUs (Floating Point Units, Floating Point Processor Units), NPUs (Digital Processing Units), ALUs (Arithmetic Logic Units), coprocessors (additional microprocessors for assisting the main processor (CPU)), GPGPUs (General Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units), parallel computers (for performing arithmetic operations simultaneously, especially on multiple main processors and / or graphics processors), or DSPs.

[0080] Although some of the aspects described above have been referenced to surgical instruments, these aspects can also be applied to tools. Similarly, the aspects described above regarding tools can be applied to surgical instruments in a corresponding manner.

[0081] In this article, when referring to one component as "connected" or "connected" to another component, it may mean that one component is directly connected to the other component; however, it should be noted that there may be other components between them. On the other hand, when referring to one component as "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components between them. Attached Figure Description

[0082] The invention will now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show:

[0083] Figure 1 a shows a schematic diagram of surgical instruments;

[0084] Figure 1 b. A schematic diagram of the tool shown from a first-person perspective;

[0085] Figure 1 c. A schematic diagram of the tool is shown from a second-person perspective;

[0086] Figure 2 a shows a schematic diagram of a first variant with an illustrated user interface;

[0087] Figure 2 b shows a schematic diagram of a second variant of the user interface;

[0088] Figure 2 c shows a schematic diagram of the third variant of the user interface;

[0089] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the sleeve of a surgical instrument;

[0090] Figure 4 a. A schematic diagram of a tool with magnetic storage shown from a first-person perspective;

[0091] Figure 4 b. A schematic diagram of a tool with magnetic storage is shown from a second perspective;

[0092] Figure 4 c. A schematic diagram of a tool with magnetic storage is shown from a third-person perspective;

[0093] Figure 5 a. A schematic diagram showing a surgical instrument with tools in a longitudinal cross section;

[0094] Figure 5b is a schematic diagram showing a sleeve of a surgical instrument with a tool in a longitudinal section;

[0095] Figure 5 c is a schematic diagram showing a portion of the sleeve of a surgical instrument having the receiving tool in longitudinal section;

[0096] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing a cross-section through a surgical instrument with a receiving tool;

[0097] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a magnetic tape is shown;

[0098] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a table with typical data is shown;

[0099] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing a magnetic storage device that works in conjunction with a magnetometer inside the sleeve of a surgical instrument;

[0100] Figure 10 a. A schematic diagram of a sleeve with a cutout and signal lines, shown from a first-person perspective;

[0101] Figure 10 b is a schematic diagram of a sleeve with a clearance and signal lines shown from a second perspective;

[0102] Figure 11 a shows a schematic diagram of a Hall sensor as an SMD component;

[0103] Figure 11 b shows a schematic diagram of a capacitor as an SMD component;

[0104] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a sleeve with a Hall sensor and a capacitor is shown;

[0105] Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing a longitudinal cross-section of a sleeve with a Hall sensor and a capacitor is shown.

[0106] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a first variant of a tool with magnetic storage is shown;

[0107] Figure 15 a. A schematic diagram showing a second variant of a tool with magnetic storage from a first-person perspective;

[0108] Figure 15 b. A schematic diagram of a second variant of a tool with magnetic storage is shown from a second perspective;

[0109] Figure 15 c. A schematic diagram of a second variant of a tool with magnetic storage is shown from a third-person perspective;

[0110] Figure 15 d. A schematic diagram of a second variant of a tool with magnetic storage is shown from a fourth perspective;

[0111] Figure 16 a. A schematic diagram showing a third variant of a tool with magnetic storage from a first-person perspective;

[0112] Figure 16 b. A schematic diagram of a third variant of a tool with magnetic storage, shown from a second perspective;

[0113] Figure 16 c. A schematic diagram of a third variant of a tool with magnetic storage is shown from a third-person perspective;

[0114] Figure 16 d. A schematic diagram of a third variant of a tool with magnetic storage is shown from a fourth perspective;

[0115] Figure 16 e shows a schematic diagram of a third variant of a tool with magnetic storage from a fourth perspective;

[0116] Figure 16 f is a schematic diagram of a third variant of a tool with magnetic storage, shown from a fourth perspective;

[0117] Figure 16 g shows a schematic diagram of a third variant of a tool with magnetic storage from a fourth perspective;

[0118] Figure 17 a. A schematic diagram showing a fourth variant of a tool with magnetic storage from a first-person perspective;

[0119] Figure 17 b. A schematic diagram of a fourth variant of a tool with magnetic storage, shown from a second perspective; and

[0120] Figure 17 c is a schematic diagram of a fourth variant of a tool with magnetic storage, shown from a third-person perspective.

[0121] Wherein: 1-surgical instruments (1.1, 1.2, 1.3); 2-tools (1.1, 1.2, 1.3); 3-distal ball bearing; 4-sleeve; 5-proximal ball bearing; 6-accommodating opening for the tool; 7-fastening device; 8-magnetic storage; 9-protective varnish; 10-magnetized oxide layer; 11-plastic injection molding encapsulation; 12-Hall sensor (12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4); 13-signal line; 14-handle tube; 15-capacitor; 16-tool handle; 17-diameter of tool handle; 18-diameter of handle tube; 19-parity bit; 20-zone bit; 21-numerical bit; 22-empty space; 23-additional empty space; 81-magnetic storage sleeve; 82-magnetized wire loop; 83-permanent magnet device; 84-arrangement formed by spherical magnets. Detailed Implementation

[0122] The accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and for understanding the invention only. The same elements are given the same reference numerals. Features of the various embodiments are interchangeable.

[0123] In addition, spatially related terms such as “below,” “below,” “under,” “above,” “above,” “left,” “left,” “right,” and “right” can be used to simply describe the relationship of an element or structure to one or more other elements or structures depicted in the figure. Besides the orientation depicted in the figure, spatially related terms include other orientations of structural elements in use or operation. Structural elements may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially related descriptors used herein can be interpreted accordingly.

[0124] Surgical instruments and tools will now be described with reference to embodiments.

[0125] The basic principle of this invention is based on the Hall effect that occurs in an electric conductor (provided by the power supply voltage Vcc and ground GND) through which current flows in a magnetic field, wherein an electric field is established perpendicular to the direction of the current and the magnetic field and the electric field compensates for the Lorentz force acting on the electrons.

[0126] Therefore, a magnetic memory reading device is provided here in the sleeve 4 of a surgical instrument 1. A tool 2 is also provided, having a magnetic storage layer 8 forming the circumference of the tool 2 or arranged around a tool handle 16, which rotates during manipulation of the surgical instrument 1 by engaging with a motor unit of the surgical instrument 1. The magnetic storage layer 8 contains information about the type / variety of the tool 2 in magnetized form, similar to a recording tape. As the magnetic storage layer 8 rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the tool 2, it is guided through a magnetic memory reading device, such as a Hall sensor 12. Based on the Hall effect, a voltage is now induced in the magnetic memory reading device as a (voltage) signal due to the changing electric or magnetic field caused by the rotation of the magnetic storage layer 8. This process can also be referred to as reading. This voltage signal is then forwarded via signal line 13 to an evaluation unit, which processes the information about the tool 2 based on the voltage signal, and ultimately makes this information accessible to the user of the surgical instrument 1 via a user interface.

[0127] Figure 1 a shows the method for receiving in Figure 1 b and Figure 1 c is a schematic diagram of a surgical instrument 1 in the form of a milling handpiece, showing tool 2 from two different perspectives. In particular, this disclosure can be used for the purpose of identifying the type / variety of tool 2 when manipulating the milling handpiece, which is connected to a foot pedal (not shown).

[0128] The surgical instrument 1 and the tool 2 each have three main sections. In this case, the surgical instrument 1 has a connection section 1.1 for connecting the handpiece to the corresponding electronic equipment (e.g., control unit and user interface), a motor unit 1.2 for providing drive for the corresponding tool, the motor unit being connected to a tool interface unit 1.3, which also includes a sleeve, particularly a spacer sleeve, used herein.

[0129] Tool 2 here has a handle section 2.1, a shank section 2.2, and at least one working end / effect unit 2.3. In particular, the handle section 2.1 of tool 2 can be configured to engage with tool interface unit 1.3 or spacer sleeve respectively, such that the two elements are connected in a form-fit or force-fit manner.

[0130] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 1 a, Figure 1 b and Figure 1 The implementation shown in c may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or the following regarding Figure 2The embodiments described in a-17c refer to one or more aspects.

[0131] Figure 2 a, Figure 2 b and Figure 2 c illustrates different variations of the user interface used to inform the user about relevant information regarding the tool 2 being used. These user interfaces can communicate wirelessly or via a wired connection to the surgical instrument 1, respectively.

[0132] In particular, this provides tool identification, which is forwarded via data transmission to peripheral devices (such as user interfaces) and displays selected data about information read by the magnetic memory read device to the end user, i.e., the user. Simultaneously, additional data can be recorded and further processed. This data can already exist or be updated on the data carrier assigned to the user interface. The data and information related to tool 2 mentioned here may in particular include item number, label number, batch number, shelf life, expiration date or maximum use date, material, dimensions and geometry, intended use, past use and usage period, inventory level, etc.

[0133] Furthermore, the read information can be displayed to the user of tool 2. Alternatively or additionally, data of tool 2 can be stored from the read information and / or the data can be directed to the supplier of tool 2. The process is preferably automated, so that data can be automatically displayed and / or forwarded and / or stored in a database.

[0134] Therefore, users can safely, easily, quickly, and especially automatically obtain information about which tool 2 they are using or intend to use and / or which tool is connected to surgical instrument 1, without having to see labels or packaging for this purpose. In particular, users can automatically and easily identify whether the surgical instrument 1 used is suitable for a specific application or not by manipulating it once.

[0135] Furthermore, users can easily determine which components of the relevant tool 2 are still in their warehouse (consignment warehouse if necessary) without having to perform an inventory check.

[0136] Overall, it can automatically identify the corresponding tool 2 used, especially the tools 2 that are respectively connected to the surgical instrument 1. In addition, it can achieve particularly simple and largely error-proof maintenance and / or transmission of data associated with the tool 2.

[0137] Therefore, the surgical instrument 1 provided in this paper offers a direct, automated tool for identification between both users and suppliers (supply chain management (SCM), service, and defect analysis). Furthermore, the surgical instrument provides the transmission of any additional data to users and / or suppliers. Similarly, this allows for the automated and real-time recording of product-related data in patient records.

[0138] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 2 a, Figure 2 b and Figure 2 The implementation shown in c may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g. Figure 1 ) or below (e.g. Figure 3-17 c) One or more aspects mentioned in one or more of the embodiments described.

[0139] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the sleeve 4 of the surgical instrument 1 is shown. (As shown) Figure 3 As shown, the sleeve 4 has a receiving opening 6 for the tool 2, which can be pushed into the sleeve 4 from the left. The tool 2 can be pushed into the sleeve 4 until the fastening device 7. On the fastening device 7, the tool 2 or handle section 2.1 can be detachably connected to the sleeve. Relatedly, the fastening device 7 forms at least a part of or is part of the tool interface unit 1.3. A ball bearing 5 is provided to the left of the fastening device 7. Further to the left, the magnetic memory reading device, which is critical to the present invention, is arranged in the sleeve. Another ball bearing 3 is arranged further to the left. Ball bearings 3 and 5 can also generally be rolling bearings. The purpose of the two ball bearings 3 on the left and 5 on the right next to the section of the sleeve 4 with the magnetic memory reading device is to fix the part of the tool 2 housed in the sleeve 4 that functions as an axis or shaft. The two ball bearings 3 on the left and 5 on the right can receive radial and / or axial forces and simultaneously allow the axis / shaft of the part of the tool 2 housed in the sleeve 4 to rotate. In particular, the magnetic storage reading device is miniaturized, so that the portion of tool 2 that is configured to be accommodated in sleeve 2 has a distance.

[0140] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 3 The embodiments shown may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g., Figure 1-2 c) or the following (e.g. Figure 4 One or more aspects mentioned in one or more embodiments described in a-17c).

[0141] Figure 4 a, Figure 4b and Figure 4 c shows different views of the tool 2 with magnetic storage 8. Magnetic storage 8 is surrounded by... Figure 4 a, Figure 4 b and Figure 4 The tool 2 shown in Figure c has a surface that transitions continuously to the surface of the magnetic storage device 8. This can be achieved by providing a recess of a predetermined width along the circumference into which the magnetic storage device 8 can be fitted. Specifically, the recess can be greater than 0.1 mm and less than 0.4 mm.

[0142] The magnetic storage device 8 can optionally be constructed as follows.

[0143] In this recess, a magnetic layer carrier 11 can be applied first. Then, an oxide layer 10 is applied as a magnetic layer onto the magnetic layer carrier 11. Finally, a protective varnish 9 is applied to protect the magnetic layer 10. The thicknesses of these three layers 9, 10, and 11 can vary. Here, the total thickness of all three layers can correspond to the depth of the recess in order to thus provide a substantially smooth surface for the tool 2.

[0144] The function of the magnetic storage is independent of the material of the tool. The handle of tool 2 or tool 2 itself can be made of ferromagnetic or non-ferromagnetic materials.

[0145] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 4 a, Figure 4 b and Figure 4 The implementation shown in c may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g. Figure 1-3 ) or below (e.g. Figure 5 One or more aspects mentioned in one or more embodiments described in a-17c).

[0146] Figure 5 a, Figure 5 b and Figure 5 c shows a surgical instrument 1, which has a tool 2 housed therein. In particular, Figure 5 a shows a schematic diagram of a surgical instrument 1 with tool 2 in a longitudinal cross section. Figure 5 b is a schematic diagram showing the sleeve 4 of the surgical instrument 1 with tool 2 in longitudinal section. Figure 5 c is a schematic diagram showing a portion of the sleeve 4 of a surgical instrument 1 having a receiving tool 2 in longitudinal section.

[0147] In particular, when the surgical instrument 1 is in operation along with the introduced tool 2, the magnetic storage 8 can cooperate with the magnetic storage reading device to enable the output of information to the device. Figure 2 a, Figure 2b and Figure 2 The user interface is shown in c. In particular, as... Figure 5 As shown in Figure c, the magnetic memory read device has multiple Hall sensors 12. Therefore, for example, the Hall sensors 12 can form at least a part of the magnetic memory read device, or be referred to as the magnetic memory read device. The Hall sensors 12 are staggered from each other, allowing the Hall sensors to read different tracks on the magnetic memory 8 of the tool 2. For this purpose, the Hall sensors 12 only require a power supply voltage Vcc. This power supply voltage Vcc can be smoothed by an upstream capacitor 15. The capacitor 15 can also be part of the magnetic memory read device or formed together with the Hall sensors 12.

[0148] When the tool handle rotates, the magnetic storage device 8 rotates along with it in the same direction. This rotation can be triggered by a foot pedal that is directly or indirectly connected to the surgical instrument. Therefore, a temporally variable magnetic field is formed corresponding to the magnetization on the magnetic storage device 8. These magnetic field changes contain information about the tool 2 and can be received or read in the form of voltage changes by the Hall sensor 12. These voltage changes can also be understood as voltage signals, which contain information about the tool 2 in the form of voltage states. The signal output of the Hall sensor 12 can be connected to the signal line 13 of the sleeve 4, allowing signal forwarding to the processing unit or evaluation unit from outside or inside the surgical instrument 1.

[0149] Subsequently, as Figure 2 a, Figure 2 b and Figure 2 A user interface shown in c can be fed the required information through tool 2 and thus notify the user of surgical instrument 1 of that information.

[0150] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 5 a, Figure 5 b and Figure 5 The implementation shown in c may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g. Figure 1-4 c) or the following (e.g. Figure 6-17 c) One or more aspects mentioned in one or more of the embodiments described.

[0151] Figure 6A schematic diagram showing a cross-section through a surgical instrument 1 with a receiving tool 2 is shown. The surgical instrument 1 has a handle 14 surrounding a sleeve 4. A signal line 13 is disposed or inserted into the sleeve 4 or handle 14 having a first diameter 18. The first diameter 18 can be in the range of 5 to 6 mm, especially about 5.6 mm. To prevent short circuits of the signal line 13, the sleeve 4 or handle 14 must be made of a non-conductive material, such as ceramic. To allow the signal line 13 to reach the interior space or inner cover of the sleeve 4, holes (not shown) are provided that extend the signal line 13 to the inner cover of the sleeve 4. On the inside or inner cover, these signal lines 13 disposed there are connected to structural elements of the magnetic memory read device, especially capacitor 15 and Hall sensor 12. This connection can be a brazing connection on the inner cover of the sleeve 4. Figure 6 In the example, two Hall sensors 12.1 and 12.2 are arranged on the left inner side of the sleeve 4, and two Hall sensors 12.3 and 12.4 are arranged on the right inner side of the sleeve 4. The capacitor 15 is in direct electrical connection with the Hall sensor 12 and smooths the input signal of the power supply voltage Vcc.

[0152] The tool handle 16 of tool 2 is arranged in the space between the structural components of the magnetic storage read device. Therefore Figure 6 This shows the situation during operation or shortly before operation. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the Hall sensor 12 is inserted into the sleeve wall so that the tool shank 16 can enter the sleeve 4. The diameter of the tool shank 16 can be in the range of 2 to 3 mm, especially about 2.37 mm. The Hall sensor 12 can be arranged such that the Hall sensor does not protrude beyond the outer diameter of the sleeve 4.

[0153] Each signal line 13 can have different functions and is not limited to such functions. Figure 6 The quantity shown is six. At least one signal line 13 is provided for the power supply voltage Vcc. Multiple signal lines 13 can be provided for the power supply voltage Vcc when current demand increases. In particular, the ground terminal GND can also be defined thereby. In the case of power supply voltage Vcc, the ground terminal GND is sufficient. When multiple signal lines 13 are used for power supply voltage Vcc, the requirements for the signal lines 13 used for ground GND can also be increased. Figure 6 The diagram also shows four signal lines 13 as communication lines for each of the Hall sensors 12. Therefore, for example, at least three signal lines 13 can exist in the sleeve 4 to ensure the functionality of the Hall sensors 12, particularly power supply and communication. In the presence of additional Hall sensors 12, the number of signal lines 13 can be increased proportionally.

[0154] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 6 The embodiments shown may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g., Figure 1-5 c) or the following (e.g. Figure 7-17 c) One or more aspects mentioned in one or more of the embodiments described.

[0155] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a magnetic tape is shown. This example involves a 7-track magnetic tape with a 6-bit alphanumeric code, including a parity bit 19 for checking, two zone bits 20, and four numeric bits 21. Such a tape can be mounted on tool 2 in bit alignment according to the 6-bit code along the circumference for use as magnetic storage 8. For this purpose, DIN standards such as DIN 66010, 66011, and 66013 can be used. Figure 8 This is a schematic representation of a table for magnetic storage, which contains typical data, and is referred to herein only as an example.

[0156] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The embodiments shown may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g., Figure 1-6 ) or below (e.g. Figure 9-17 c) One or more aspects mentioned in one or more of the embodiments described.

[0157] Figure 9 A schematic diagram is shown of a magnetic storage device 8 that interacts with a magnetometer in the form of Hall sensors 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, and 12.4 within the sleeve 4 of the surgical instrument 1. The magnetic storage device 8 is shown here exemplary in a flat, unfolded manner. Specifically, the number of bits is illustrated from bottom to top (i.e., along the circumference of the tool 2 during use). Figure 9 In the Hall sensor 12, one track for each Hall sensor is arranged such that the track rotates directly past the corresponding Hall sensor 12 during operation. The tracks are illustrated exemplaryly with the aid of arrows. In this example, each track includes 10 bits.

[0158] The side-by-side tracks (from left to right) have a center-to-center distance corresponding to the center-to-center distance of the (opposite) Hall sensors 12 arranged for these tracks. The center-to-center distance can be at least twice the track width, or at least correspond to twice the track width. The center-to-center distance of the Hall sensors 12 arranged side-by-side along the axial direction can correspond to at least four times the track width. The number of tracks also corresponds to the number of Hall sensors 12 used. Therefore, one Hall sensor among the Hall sensors 12 can be configured to be precise for one track on the magnetic storage 8.

[0159] Here, the parallel tracks are not read by the parallel Hall sensors 12.1, 12.2 or Hall sensors 12.3, 12.4, but by the opposing Hall sensors 12.1, 12.3 or 12.2, 12.4. Here, the Hall sensors 12 do not necessarily have to be directly opposite each other on the inner surface of the sleeve 4, but are arranged staggered along the inner circumference of the sleeve 4. Therefore, Hall sensors 12 that are not parallel in the axial direction can be arranged staggered along the inner circumference of the sleeve 4. For example, as... Figure 9 As shown, multiple pairs of Hall sensors (12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4) can be arranged staggered from each other in the inner circumferential direction of the sleeve 4. These multiple pairs can, for example, be arranged directly opposite each other on the inner surface of the sleeve 4. Here, the Hall sensor 12 of the corresponding multiple pairs of Hall sensors (12.1, 12.2; 12.3, 12.4) can be arranged sequentially or side by side along the axial direction of the sleeve 4.

[0160] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 9 The embodiments shown may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g., Figure 1-8 ) or below (e.g. Figure 10 One or more aspects mentioned in one or more embodiments described in a-17c).

[0161] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a sleeve 4 having a recess 22 and a signal line 13 is shown from a first-person perspective. The same sleeve 4 is shown from other perspectives. Figure 10As shown in b. Here, the opening 22 is a hole in the sleeve 4 or in the side wall of the sleeve 4. Therefore, the hole is set as an opening 22 so that the installation of the Hall sensor 12 can be easily performed. Here, the hole is constructed such that the body of the corresponding Hall sensor fits into these holes. Pins for connecting the Hall sensor 12 to the signal line 13 are provided directly next to or at the hole. These pins are introduced into additional openings 23 on the outer casing of the sleeve 4. These openings are not constructed as holes because the openings 23 are used for electrical connection with the signal line 13. This also means, for example, a mechanical connection in the form of solder, which electrically and mechanically connects the individual Hall sensors 12 to the pins in the openings 23.

[0162] Signal line 13 is guided from the pin of the recess 23 through a hole to the inner surface of the sleeve 4. There, signal line 13 extends along the inner surface of the sleeve 4 in the axial direction and in the inner circumferential direction of the sleeve. Furthermore, signal line 13 leads to a channel-like signal line 13 via another hole, as shown in… Figure 10 As shown in b. These signal lines extend only along the axial direction of the sleeve 4, thereby providing communication between the surgical instrument 1 and peripheral devices (such as evaluation units or user interfaces) via the sleeve 4.

[0163] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 10 a and Figure 10 The implementation shown in b may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g., Figure 1-9 ) or below (e.g. Figure 11 One or more aspects mentioned in one or more embodiments described in a-17c).

[0164] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a Hall sensor 12 as an SMD component is shown. The Hall sensor 12 has three terminals: one for the voltage source Vcc, one for ground GND, and one for voltage signal output. These terminals can be selectively set or preset on the Hall sensor 12. With the aid of these terminals, the Hall sensor 12 can be engaged with the pins of the recess 23. These terminals can be bent accordingly to create a force-transmitting engagement with the recess 23, or rather, with the pins of the recess 23. Solder can be additionally applied here to ensure electrical and mechanical connections. A capacitor 15 is used in conjunction with the Hall sensor 12. This... Figure 11Figure b shows the capacitor as an SMD component. The capacitor 15 has exactly two terminals and no preferred orientation. Therefore, the capacitor 15 can be mounted or soldered onto the signal line 23 extending on the inner casing surface. The structural dimensions of the capacitor 15, for example, its height, are smaller than the structural dimensions of the Hall sensor 12, for example, at least smaller than the wall thickness of the sleeve 4.

[0165] Figure 12 For completeness, sleeve 4 is shown, which has a Hall sensor 12 mounted thereon and a capacitor 15 with its associated signal line 13. Furthermore, in Figure 13 The sleeve is shown in a longitudinal section with structural elements 12 and 15. To hold structural elements 12 and 15 in their position, brazing can be performed in a furnace or with the aid of hot air. Alternatively, the internal space of the sleeve 4 can be cast with a non-conductive material. Here, a virtual tool can be used as a spacer for the original tool 2 so that the space for that tool remains empty during casting. This improves the lifespan of structural elements 12 and 15. The virtual tool can have a larger circumference than the tool shank of tool 2. This difference can range from 2% to 25%, preferably from 10% to 20%.

[0166] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 11 The embodiments shown in a, 11b, 12, and 13 may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g., Figure 1-12 ) or below (e.g. Figure 14-17 c) One or more aspects mentioned in one or more of the embodiments described.

[0167] Figures 14 to 17 c illustrates different embodiments of the tool 2 having a magnetic storage 8.

[0168] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a first variant of a tool 2 having a magnetic storage device 8 is shown. Here, the magnetic storage device 8 can be detachably connected to the tool 2 in the form of a magnetic storage sleeve 81. Therefore, the tool 2 and the magnetic storage device 8 can be provided separately. Here, the magnetic storage device 8 can be considered part of the tool 2. Here, the tool 2 can be adapted such that the portion of the tool 2 provided for the magnetic storage device 8 has a reduced circumference corresponding to the thickness of the magnetic storage device 8 or the thickness of its casing. Therefore, the inner diameter of the magnetic storage device 8 can approximately correspond to the diameter of the portion of the tool 2 provided for the magnetic storage device 8.

[0169] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 14The embodiments shown may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g., Figure 1-13 ) or below (e.g. Figure 15 One or more aspects mentioned in one or more embodiments described in a-17c).

[0170] Figure 15 a, Figure 15 b and Figure 15 c shows a different view of a second variant of the tool 2 with magnetic storage 8. Figure 15 Figure d shows a schematic diagram of the magnetic storage device 8 as configured in the second variant. Specifically, a plurality of magnetized wire loops 82 can be arranged side-by-side at a predetermined distance in the axial direction of the tool 2. Here, this distance can correspond to the center-to-center distance defined above. In particular, the wire loops 82 can be cast or injection molded into a plastic 11, which at least partially covers the wire loops. Specifically, the plastic 11 can be cast into the void such that the plastic 11 is flush with the tool 2.

[0171] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 15 The embodiments shown in a, 15b, 15c, and 15d may have one or more optional additional features corresponding to combinations of the proposed concepts or more (e.g., Figure 1-14 ) or below (e.g. Figure 16 One or more aspects mentioned in one or more embodiments described in a-17c).

[0172] Figure 16 a to Figure 16 Figure g shows a schematic diagram of a third variant of the tool 2 having a magnetic storage device 8. In this case, the magnetic storage device 8 is configured as a permanent magnet device 83 in the form of a small permanent magnet, or it may have writable line segments. The permanent magnets can be arranged differently along the circumferential direction of the magnetic storage device 8, see [reference needed]. Figure 16 d to Figure 16 g, for example, may or may not include permanent magnets (corresponding to the bit pattern set for information about tool 2). In the segments, these segments may or may not be written, i.e., magnetized or unmagnetized. Therefore, information about the tool can be integrated into the magnetic memory 8.

[0173] Further details and aspects are mentioned in conjunction with the implementation methods described above or below. Figure 16 The implementation shown in a-16g may have one or more optional additional features, which correspond to the combination of the proposed concept or more (e.g. Figure 1-15 d) or below (e.g.) Figure 17One or more aspects mentioned in one or more embodiments described in a-17c).

[0174] Figure 17 a, Figure 17 b and Figure 17 c shows a schematic diagram of a fourth variant of the tool 2 having a magnetic storage device 8. Specifically, the magnetic storage device 8 includes an arrangement formed by spherical magnets 84. The magnets can be respectively disposed at predetermined positions around the tool 2 or on the tool 2. The spherical magnets 84 are magnetized according to the bit pattern set for information about the tool 2, obtained by writing using a writing device.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument (1) comprising a spacer sleeve (4) having: a coupling section in a proximal region of the spacer sleeve (4) for selectively mechanically coupling to a surgical handpiece to construct a surgical instrument; a tool receiving portion (6, 7) in a distal region of the spacer sleeve (4); at least one signal line; and a drive power transmission element supported in the spacer sleeve (4) for transmitting drive power from a driver to a tool (2) currently inserted into the tool receiving portion, characterized in that... A magnetic memory reading device is disposed in the distal region of the spacer sleeve (4), the magnetic memory reading device being connected to one or more signal lines (13) laid along the spacer sleeve (4) or in the spacer sleeve, the signal lines being connected to one or more line couplings in the proximal region of the spacer sleeve, the line couplings being configured and constructed for connection to an evaluation unit when the spacer sleeve (4) is coupled to the surgical handpiece, wherein the magnetic memory reading device includes at least one magnetometer, and the spacer sleeve (4) has at least one void (22) in the sidewall, a portion of the magnetometer being located in the void.

2. The surgical instrument (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The signal line extends axially along the spacer sleeve (4), and The magnetic memory reading device is configured to read information for the tool contained in the magnetic memory (8) based on the circumference of the magnetic memory (8) surrounding the portion of the tool (2) and transmit the information to the evaluation unit via the signal line (13) of the spacer sleeve (4).

3. The surgical instrument (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The magnetic storage reading device is located within the space defined by the outer casing of the sleeve (4).

4. The surgical instrument (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The magnetometer is a Hall sensor (12) in the form of a surface-mounted SMD component.

5. The surgical instrument (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The reading is performed while manipulating the surgical instruments.

6. The surgical instrument (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The signal line (13) is composed of channels coated with a material that has good electrical conductivity.

7. The surgical instrument (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The magnetic storage reading device is installed between the bearings (3, 5) of the tool in the spacer sleeve (4).

8. A surgical system comprising: The surgical instrument (1) and tool (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, the tool comprising: The portion configured to be housed in the spacer sleeve (4) of the surgical instrument (1); The magnetic storage device (8) is in the form of a layer, said layer being configured to form or coat the circumference of said portion in a ring shape; and The tool (2) is designed to work in conjunction with the surgical instrument (1) such that when the tool rotates in the spacer sleeve (4), the magnetic memory (8) is read by means of the magnetic memory reading device of the surgical instrument (1).

9. The surgical system according to claim 8, wherein, The magnetic storage device (8) is configured to be pushed onto the portion of the tool (2).

10. The surgical system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, The magnetic storage device (8) has magnetized wire loops around the circumference of the portion, the wire loops being arranged axially offset from each other along the tool (2).

11. The surgical system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, The magnetic storage device (8) has permanent magnets or line segments that are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the tool (2) and in the axial direction along the tool (2).

12. The surgical system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, The magnetic storage device (8) has spherical permanent magnets arranged offset from each other in the circumferential direction of the tool (2) and in the axial direction along the tool (2).

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