A forming device and method based on electro-explosive vapor explosion and electromagnetic compounding

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field related to high-speed impact connection, and discloses a forming device and method based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic compounding. The forming device includes an aluminum foil, a coil, and a capacitor. The aluminum foil and the coil are simultaneously connected to the capacitor and each form a loop. The aluminum foil is in a shape with wide ends and a narrow middle, and the to-be-formed sheet is arranged above the aluminum foil. In the initial state, the loop formed by the aluminum foil and the capacitor is closed, and the loop formed by the coil and the capacitor is open. The capacitor instantaneously discharges, and the high pressure generated by the electro-explosive vaporization and melting of the aluminum foil causes the to-be-connected sheets arranged oppositely to be connected. The loop formed by the aluminum foil and the capacitor is disconnected, and the loop formed by the coil and the capacitor is closed. The capacitor instantaneously releases the remaining energy after discharging, and the coil generates an instantaneous strong magnetic field, so that the to-be-formed sheet is subjected to the action of the Lorentz force to perform secondary forming on the to-be-formed sheet, thereby realizing the connection and forming of the to-be-formed sheet. Through the present invention, the problem of low energy utilization rate of the capacitor is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field related to high-speed impact connection, and more specifically, relates to a forming device and method based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic combination. Background Art

[0002] High-speed impact connection can greatly reduce the formation of heat-affected zones and intermetallic compounds, thereby ensuring the performance of its joints and being suitable for the connection between various dissimilar metals. High-speed forming can improve the forming limit of materials and the forming quality. Currently, the commonly used high-speed impact connection and forming methods are electromagnetic pulse technologies. The electro-explosive impact connection and forming technology proposed in 2013 is a new process, and the equipment used is basically the same as that of electromagnetic pulse technology. However, the efficiency of converting electrical energy into the kinetic energy of the flying plate in the electro-explosive technology is much higher. Under the same equipment and impact parameters, the flying plate speed of electro-explosive welding is about three times that of electromagnetic pulse connection. Therefore, the electro-explosive connection technology is a strong competitor to electromagnetic pulse technology.

[0003] The principle of electro-explosive impact connection and forming technology is that a thin aluminum foil rapidly vaporizes to provide the driving force for the flying plate after passing through a high-intensity current. After the aluminum foil vaporizes, it will fail and the power-on circuit will be disconnected. Since this process is extremely short, the electrical energy stored in the capacitor cannot be fully released. And before reinstalling a new aluminum foil and considering operation safety, the electrical energy stored in the capacitor will be released through the ground wire, resulting in energy waste. Therefore, a forming device that can make full use of the capacitor energy is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a forming device and method based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic combination to solve the problem of low utilization rate of capacitor energy.

[0005] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a forming device based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic combination is provided. The forming device includes an aluminum foil, a coil, and a capacitor, wherein:

[0006] The aluminum foil and the coil are simultaneously connected to the capacitor and each form a circuit. The aluminum foil is in a shape with wide ends and a narrow middle, and the to-be-formed plate is arranged above the aluminum foil;

[0007] In the initial state, the circuit formed by the aluminum foil and the capacitor is closed, the circuit formed by the coil and the capacitor is open, the capacitor discharges instantaneously, and the high voltage generated by the steam explosion and melting of the aluminum foil causes the to-be-connected plates arranged oppositely to be connected. The circuit formed by the aluminum foil and the capacitor is disconnected, the circuit formed by the coil and the capacitor is closed, the capacitor releases the remaining energy after the instantaneous discharge, the coil generates an instantaneous strong magnetic field, and the to-be-formed plate is subjected to the Lorentz force to perform secondary forming on the to-be-formed plate, thereby realizing the connection and forming of the to-be-formed plate.

[0008] Further preferably, a fixture is also provided in the forming device, and the fixture is used to fix the to-be-formed plate, including the to-be-connected target plate and the to-be-connected flying plate.

[0009] Further preferably, the coil and the aluminum foil are separated by an insulating block.

[0010] Further preferably, the aluminum foil is fixed on the insulating block.

[0011] Further preferably, the coil is arranged on both sides or one side of the aluminum foil.

[0012] Further preferably, the coil is a flat coil.

[0013] Further preferably, an insulating layer is coated on the surface of the to-be-connected flying plate that contacts the aluminum foil.

[0014] Further preferably, a switch is arranged in the circuit of the coil and the capacitor to control the opening and closing of the circuit of the coil and the capacitor.

[0015] Further preferably, the switch is a timer, and the opening and closing of the circuit are controlled by setting the time.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a forming method of the above-mentioned forming device is provided, and the method includes the following steps:

[0017] S1 Fix the to-be-connected target plate and the to-be-connected flying plate on the fixture, fix the aluminum foil on the insulating block, and place the insulating block under the to-be-connected flying plate;

[0018] S2 The timer is disconnected, the capacitor discharges, and the high voltage generated by the steam explosion of the aluminum foil impacts the to-be-connected flying plate to connect it to the to-be-connected target plate;

[0019] S3 The timer is closed, the capacitor continues to discharge, the coil generates an instantaneous strong magnetic field, and the to-be-connected flying plate is subjected to the Lorentz force, so that the to-be-connected flying plate is secondarily formed, thereby realizing the connection and forming of the to-be-connected flying plate.

[0020] Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. In the present invention, by adopting a circuit in which an aluminum foil, a coil, and a capacitor are connected in parallel, when the capacitor discharges for the first time, the aluminum foil explodes due to steam, and when the capacitor discharges for the second time, the coil generates an instantaneous strong magnetic field, causing the sheet to be formed to be affected by the Lorentz force, and the energy of the capacitor discharge is reused, enabling the secondary forming of the sheet to be formed, and improving the utilization rate of the capacitor energy;

[0022] 2. In the present invention, the position of the coil can be set according to the force application points required for secondary forming, and the device structure is flexible. Through the coordination of the positions of the aluminum foil and the coil, a higher-speed impact connection or a connection / formning composite process can be achieved, greatly improving the processing efficiency;

[0023] 3. In the present invention, by setting a timer to set the opening and closing of the coil and capacitor circuit, automatic control and seamless connection of the circuit are achieved, making the forming process of the sheet to be formed more compact, and realizing controllable and adjustable forming process time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a front view of the electro-explosion and electromagnetic composite forming device constructed according to Preferred Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a rear view of the electro-explosion and electromagnetic composite forming device constructed according to Preferred Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the aluminum foil / coil composite brake constructed according to Preferred Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the aluminum foil and the coil constructed according to Preferred Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a connection flow chart constructed according to Preferred Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is a front view of the electro-explosion and electromagnetic composite forming device constructed according to Preferred Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is a rear view of the electro-explosion and electromagnetic composite forming device constructed according to Preferred Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the aluminum foil / coil composite brake constructed according to Preferred Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an aluminum foil and a coil constructed according to Preferred Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 is a flowchart of connection and forming constructed according to Preferred Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0034] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, where:

[0035] 1 - Aluminum foil / coil composite brake; 1a - Insulating block; 1b - Aluminum foil; 1c - Conductive end; 1d - Coil; 1e - Insulating screw; 1f - Copper pressure plate; 2 - Lower fixing plate; 3 - Nut; 4 - Upper fixing plate; 5 - Stud; 6 - Target plate to be connected; 7 - Spacer; 8 - Flying plate to be connected; 8a - Insulating layer; 9 - Timer; 10 - Coil wire; 11 - Aluminum foil wire; 12 - Capacitor; 13 - Loop wire. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various implementation manners of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0037] As Figure 1 and 2 shown, a forming device based on electro - explosive vaporization and electromagnetic combination includes a capacitor, an aluminum foil and a coil.

[0038] i. The aluminum foil / coil composite brake 1 and the components to be connected are installed on the fixing device, and the circuit equipment is connected to the aluminum foil / coil composite brake;

[0039] ii. During operation, the coil wire 10 is in an open state, the capacitor 12 discharges instantaneously, a high - strength current passes through the aluminum foil wire 11, causing the thin aluminum foil 1b to vaporize and explode, and the generated high pressure makes the flying plate 8 to be connected move at high speed. At this time, the aluminum foil 1b has been damaged, and when the timer 9 reaches the set time, the coil wire 10 is closed, and the remaining electrical energy in the capacitor 12 passes through the coil 1d, causing the flying plate 8 to be connected to be subjected to the Lorentz force;

[0040] iii. When the positions of the thin part of the coil 1d and the aluminum foil 1b are in a vertical corresponding relationship, the flying plate 8 to be connected is secondarily accelerated and connected to the target plate 6 to be connected, and the energy of the capacitor is exhausted.

[0041] When the positions of the thin part of the coil 1d and the aluminum foil 1b are not vertically corresponding, other parts of the to-be-connected flying plate 8 are accelerated and brought into contact with the to-be-connected target plate 6, so that the corresponding parts of the aluminum foil 1b form a connection, other parts of the to-be-connected flying plate 8 are formed, and the energy of the capacitor is exhausted.

[0042] As a further preference, as Figure 3 and 8 shown, in step i, the aluminum foil 1b has a shape that is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle. The copper pressure plate 1f presses the wider ends and the conductive end 1c of the aluminum foil 1b under the fastening of the insulating screw 1e.

[0043] As a further preference, as Figure 4 and 9 shown, in step i, the coil 1d is a flat coil and is placed inside the insulating block 1a. When a pulsed current is passed, the coil 1d will generate a strong magnetic field in the narrow and thin part.

[0044] As a further preference, in step i, the aluminum foil 1b is placed above the insulating block 1a, and the relative positions of the coil 1d and the aluminum foil 1b can be adjusted to control the connection and forming positions of the to-be-connected flying plate 8.

[0045] As a further preference, in step i, the to-be-connected flying plate 8 is above the aluminum foil 1b, and the insulating layer 8a prevents the to-be-connected flying plate 8 from directly contacting the aluminum foil 1b. The to-be-connected target plate 6 is at a certain distance above the to-be-connected flying plate 8.

[0046] As a further preference, in step ii, the aluminum foil / coil composite brake 1 is respectively connected to the coil wire 10 and the aluminum foil wire 11 in parallel through the coil 1d and the conductive end 1c, and finally connected to the capacitor 12 through the loop wire 13.

[0047] As a further preference, in step ii, there is also a timer 9 on the coil wire 10. The timer 9 can control the closing of the coil wire 10 at a fixed time, and the closing time of the timer 9 is set according to experimental experience.

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with specific embodiments.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] Take the connection of a 2-mm-thick 1006 steel plate and a 1-mm-thick 7039 aluminum alloy plate as an example.

[0051] (1) As Figure 5As shown in the figure, place the insulating block 1a containing the single flat coil 1d in the lower fixing plate 2, place the dog-bone-shaped aluminum foil 1b with a thickness of 0.007 mm at the center of the insulating block 1a, and the copper pressure plate 1f presses both ends of the aluminum foil 1b and the energizing end 1c under the fastening of the nylon screw 1e. The thin parts of the aluminum foil 1b and the coil 1d are in a corresponding relationship up and down.

[0052] (2) Place the polyurethane tape 8a with a thickness of 0.02 mm on the aluminum foil 1b, then place the 1 mm thick 7039 aluminum alloy plate 8 on the polyurethane tape 8a. Subsequently, place the epoxy resin spacer 7 on both sides of the aluminum foil 1b, and then place the 2 mm thick 1006 steel plate 6 on the epoxy resin spacer 7, and press the 1006 steel plate 6 with the upper fixing plate 4, and tighten the nut 3. Subsequently, connect the coil 1d and the conductive end 1c to the coil wire 10 and the aluminum foil wire 11 in parallel respectively, set the initial state of the timer 9 to off, and turn it on after discharging for 20 μs.

[0053] (3) After the capacitor 12 discharges, the timer 9 starts timing. The high-strength current first passes through the aluminum foil wire 11, causing the thin part in the middle of the thin aluminum foil 1b to vaporize and explode. The generated high voltage makes the 7039 aluminum alloy plate 8 move at high speed. At this time, the aluminum foil 1b has been damaged. When the timer 9 reaches 20 μs, the coil wire 10 is closed, and the remaining electrical energy in the capacitor 12 passes through the coil 1d. The 7039 aluminum alloy plate 8 corresponding to the thin part of the coil 1d is secondarily accelerated by the Lorentz force, and finally the 7039 aluminum alloy plate 8 is connected to the 1006 steel plate 6, and the energy of the capacitor is exhausted.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] As Figure 6 and 7 shown, take the connection forming of a barrel-shaped 304 stainless steel and a 1 mm thick 3003 aluminum alloy plate as an example.

[0056] (1) As Figure 10 shown, place the insulating block 1a containing the double flat coil 1d in the lower fixing plate 2, place the dog-bone-shaped aluminum foil 1b with a thickness of 0.008 mm at the center of the insulating block 1a, and the copper pressure plate 1f presses both ends of the aluminum foil 1b and the energizing end 1c under the fastening of the nylon screw 1e. The thin parts of the coil 1d are on both sides of the aluminum foil 1b and are symmetric with respect to the aluminum foil 1b.

[0057] (2) Place the 0.03-mm-thick polyurethane tape 8a on the aluminum foil 1b, then place the 0.8-mm-thick 3003 aluminum alloy plate 8 on the polyurethane tape 8a. Subsequently, fix the barrel-shaped 304 stainless steel 6 to the upper fixing plate 4, and control the distance between the 304 stainless steel 6 and the 3003 aluminum alloy plate 8 by the nuts 3 above and below the stud 5 and the fixing plate 4. Subsequently, connect the coil 1d and the conductive end 1c to the coil wire 10 and the aluminum foil wire 11 respectively in parallel. Set the initial state of the timer 9 to off and turn it on after 30 μs of discharge.

[0058] (3) After the capacitor 12 discharges, the high-strength current first passes through the aluminum foil wire 11, causing the thin middle part of the thin aluminum foil 1b to vaporize and explode. The generated high pressure makes the 3003 aluminum alloy plate 8 move at high speed. At this time, the aluminum foil 1b has been damaged. When the timer 9 reaches 30 μs, the coil wire 10 is closed. The remaining electrical energy in the capacitor 12 passes through the coil 1d, and the 3003 aluminum alloy plate 8 corresponding to the thin part of the coil 1d is secondarily accelerated by the Lorentz force. Finally, a connection is formed between the middle part of the 3003 aluminum alloy plate 8 and the bottom of the barrel-shaped 304 stainless steel 6, and the other parts of the 3003 aluminum alloy plate 8 are formed into the shape of the side wall of the barrel-shaped 304 stainless steel 6, and the energy of the capacitor is exhausted.

[0059] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forming device based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic compounding, characterized in that, the forming device includes an aluminum foil, a coil and a capacitor, wherein: the aluminum foil and the coil are simultaneously connected to the capacitor and each form a circuit. The aluminum foil is in a shape that is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle, and the to-be-formed sheet is arranged above the aluminum foil; In the initial state, the circuit formed by the aluminum foil and the capacitor is closed, the circuit formed by the coil and the capacitor is open, the capacitor discharges instantaneously, and the high voltage generated by the electro-explosive vaporization and melting of the aluminum foil causes the to-be-connected sheets arranged oppositely to be connected. The circuit formed by the aluminum foil and the capacitor is disconnected, the circuit formed by the coil and the capacitor is closed, the capacitor releases the remaining energy after the instantaneous discharge, the coil generates an instantaneous strong magnetic field, so that the to-be-formed sheet is subjected to the action of the Lorentz force to perform secondary forming on the to-be-formed sheet, thereby realizing the connection and forming of the to-be-formed sheet; the coil and the aluminum foil are separated by an insulating block.

2. The forming device based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic compounding according to claim 1, characterized in that, a fixture is further arranged in the forming device, and the fixture is used for fixing the to-be-formed sheet, and includes a to-be-connected target plate and a to-be-connected flying plate.

3. The forming device based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic compounding according to claim 1, characterized in that, the aluminum foil is fixed on the insulating block.

4. The forming device based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic compounding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the coil is arranged on both sides or one side of the aluminum foil.

5. The forming device based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic compounding according to claim 4, characterized in that, the coil is a flat coil.

6. The forming device based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic compounding according to claim 2, characterized in that, an insulating layer is coated on the surface of the to-be-connected flying plate that contacts the aluminum foil.

7. The forming device based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic compounding according to claim 1, characterized in that, a switch is arranged in the circuit of the coil and the capacitor, and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the circuit of the coil and the capacitor.

8. The forming device based on electro-explosive vaporization and electromagnetic compounding according to claim 7, characterized in that, the switch is a timer, and controls the opening and closing of the circuit by setting time.

9. A method for forming by using the forming device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, the method includes the following steps: S1 Fix the to-be-connected target plate and the to-be-connected flying plate on the fixture, fix the aluminum foil on the insulating block, and place the insulating block below the to-be-connected flying plate; S2 The timer is disconnected, the capacitor discharges, and the electro-explosive vaporization of the aluminum foil generates a high voltage to impact the to-be-connected flying plate to connect it with the to-be-connected target plate; S3 The timer is closed, the capacitor continues to discharge, the coil generates an instantaneous strong magnetic field, so that the to-be-connected flying plate is subjected to the action of the Lorentz force, and the to-be-connected flying plate is subjected to secondary forming, thereby realizing the connection and forming of the to-be-connected flying plate.

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