Fluid vacuum pump

Abstract

A fluid vacuum pump comprising: a motor assembly comprising a single motor or a plurality of motors, wherein one motor can be configured to operate in a first medium and another motor can be configured to operate in a second medium; an impeller assembly comprising a single impeller, or a plurality of impellers, which can have a fixed or variable configuration, wherein one impeller can be configured to operate in a first medium and another impeller can be configured to operate in a second medium; and a linkage operatively connecting the motor assembly and the impeller and adjustably transmitting power from the motor assembly to the impeller depending on the type of medium present.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 958,434, filed January 8, 2020, the entire disclosure of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to fluid filtration and vacuum devices, and more particularly to pumping systems for such filtration devices, which are suitable for both direct immersion in the water to be filtered and for use outside the water body. Background Technology

[0004] Manually operated, submersible water filtration devices, such as pool cleaners, many of which use suction to clean bodies of water that require regular cleaning—such as swimming pools or spas—are typically in the form of handheld cleaning units and / or telescopic pole-driven cleaning units. Both are inexpensive and suitable for cleaning smaller bodies of water, such as swimming pools and spas. Other types of pool cleaning devices, such as self-propelled robotic pool cleaners, tend to be better suited for larger volumes of swimming pools and spas. Similarly, there are many vacuum cleaners ideal for dry surfaces, including around swimming pools and other areas around residential or commercial areas.

[0005] While these filtration and vacuum devices may be quite effective for their intended operating environments, they are not so effective in other possible environments. This is largely due to the fundamental differences in the media (i.e., air and water) that each type of device is designed to operate on. Given the low mass and density of the media, drawing air in through a vacuum inlet is relatively easy. However, air is also compressible, requiring high-speed impellers or propellers with a large number of blades. In contrast, water is not only extremely dense but also generally incompressible. Therefore, to draw water into the filter inlet, impeller or propeller systems using lower speeds and / or fewer blades are typically used. These differences make it difficult to use air vacuum in a water environment or water filtration devices in an air environment, as the RPM (revolutions per minute), torque, and current consumption used in each type of system are unsuitable for other environments and may lead to motor damage, malfunction, or ineffective operation. Furthermore, in the case of battery-powered versions of these devices, such cross-environmental use often results in rapid battery discharge or damage, even if it does not damage the motor.

[0006] Therefore, in order to clean in these different environments, users currently need to completely switch from one type of cleaning device to another. In particular, in environments that may include both wet and dry areas, this may require repositioning and switching between multiple cleaning tools to complete the required cleaning tasks. This results in lost time, not to mention a significant increase in the investment required to purchase multiple devices.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need for a single device that can operate effectively in both water and air environments and is compatible with batteries or external power sources. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To provide a basic understanding of the invention, a brief summary of some embodiments of the invention is given below. This summary is not a broad overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key / essential elements of the invention or to define the scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present some embodiments of the invention in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that follows. It should be understood that although air and water are mentioned throughout this disclosure, they are mentioned for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered limiting. The systems and methods described herein are designed for use with two or more fluids having different densities or viscosities, etc., so that different kinematic forces of each fluid can be used and / or detected to activate a suitable pumping system. The fluids may consist of air, water, oil, or other substances. This disclosure contemplates pumping systems that can be configured for two or more fluid environments.

[0009] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a motor assembly including a single motor or multiple motors, one motor being configurable for operation in a first medium and another motor being configurable for operation in a second medium; an impeller assembly including a single impeller or multiple impellers having a fixed or variable configuration, one impeller being configurable for operation in the first medium and another impeller being configurable for operation in the second medium; and a linkage device operably connecting the motor assembly and the impellers according to the type of the present medium and adjustably transmitting power from the motor assembly to the impellers.

[0010] On the other hand, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump including a linkage device having at least one of a linkage mechanism and a clutch mechanism, configured to adjustably transmit power from the motor assembly to the impeller assembly.

[0011] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a linkage configured to operably connect a first motor to a first impeller and a second motor to a second impeller; and a selection device configured to direct power to one of the first motor or the second motor according to the present medium.

[0012] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a first impeller having a first impeller gear and a second impeller having a second impeller gear; and a linkage having a movable clutch gear for selectively engaging a motor with at least one of the first impeller gear and the second impeller gear.

[0013] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a selection device for guiding the movement of at least one movable clutch gear.

[0014] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a kinematic clutch that guides the movement of at least one movable clutch gear between engagement with a first impeller gear and a second impeller gear.

[0015] On the other hand, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: an impeller having a blade configuration suitable for a variety of media; a linkage having at least one linkage gear for transmitting power from at least one of a first or second motor to the impeller; and a selection device for selectively directing power to at least one of the motors according to the present media.

[0016] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, comprising: an impeller having a blade configuration suitable for a variety of media; a linkage having: a movable clutch gear engaging with the impeller and selectively engaging one of a first impeller gear and a second impeller gear; and a kinematic clutch guiding movement of the movable clutch gear between engagement with the first impeller gear and the second impeller gear; and a selection device selectively directing power to at least one of two motors depending on the present medium.

[0017] On the other hand, a fluid vacuum pump including a variable-configuration impeller is provided. The variable-configuration impeller may have a first section and a second section, wherein the first section is configured to operate in a first medium. The second section may be configured to operate in a second medium, either alone or in conjunction with the first section.

[0018] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a linkage having a clutch configured to selectively engage and disengage at least one of two sections of a variable-configuration impeller depending on the present medium.

[0019] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a variable configuration impeller having a first section having a first magnet and a second section having a second magnet, wherein the first magnet and the second magnet are configured to selectively engage the first section and the second section according to the present medium.

[0020] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a variable-configuration impeller having a first section having a first magnet and a second section having a second magnet; and a linkage having a clutch configured to selectively engage and disengage at least one of the first section and the second section depending on the present medium.

[0021] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a variable-configuration impeller having a first section having a first magnet and a second section having a second magnet; and a kinematic clutch.

[0022] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a variable configuration impeller having a first section having a first magnet and a second section having a second magnet, wherein the first magnet and the second magnet form a clutch.

[0023] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a variable-configuration impeller having a first segment and a second segment; and a braking device configured to selectively engage one of the first segment or the second segment to influence the rotation of the engaged segment relative to the unengaged segment according to the present medium.

[0024] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump including a brushless motor system is provided.

[0025] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a variable-configuration impeller having a first segment and a second segment; and a one-way clutch mechanism configured to selectively engage and disengage at least one of the first segment and the second segment according to the rotation direction of the first segment.

[0026] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: at least one sensor configured to detect the presence of a medium; and a selection device communicating with the sensor and configured to adjust the power transmission to a motor assembly based on the medium detected by the sensor.

[0027] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a motor assembly; an impeller assembly; and a linkage that adjustably transmits power from the motor assembly to the impeller assembly according to the present medium.

[0028] In another aspect, a fluid vacuum pump is provided, the fluid vacuum pump comprising: a motor assembly; an impeller assembly; and a selection device that adjustably controls at least one of the motor assembly and the impeller assembly according to the present medium.

[0029] These aspects are merely illustrative of the numerous aspects relating to the invention and should not be construed as limiting in any way. These and other aspects, features, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The foregoing description of the invention and the following detailed description will be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar elements are represented by the same reference numerals, and wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump incorporating two motors and two impellers according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A bottom view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Side view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0034] Figure 3A It is along Figure 3 The cross-section of the fluid vacuum pump is taken by section line AA.

[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Exploded perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump incorporating a motor and two impellers according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A bottom view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0038] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Side view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0039] Figure 7A It is along Figure 7 The section line BB is a cross-sectional view of the fluid vacuum pump.

[0040] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 Exploded perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0041] Figure 9 yes Figure 5 Front view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0042] Figure 9A It is along Figure 9 The first cross-sectional view of the fluid vacuum pump, taken by section line CC, shows the pump in an air configuration.

[0043] Figure 9B It is along Figure 9 The second sectional view of the fluid vacuum pump, taken by section line CC, shows the pump in a water configuration.

[0044] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump incorporating two motors and an impeller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A bottom view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0046] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 Side view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0047] Figure 12A It is along Figure 12 The section line DD is a cross-sectional view of the fluid vacuum pump.

[0048] Figure 13 yes Figure 10 Exploded perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0049] Figure 14 yes Figure 10 Front view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0050] Figure 14A It is along Figure 14 The section line EE is a cross-sectional view of the fluid vacuum pump.

[0051] Figure 15 This is a perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump incorporating two motors and an impeller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A bottom view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0053] Figure 17 yes Figure 15 Side view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0054] Figure 17A It is along Figure 17 The first cross-section of the fluid vacuum pump is captured by the section line FF, which shows the pump in an air configuration.

[0055] Figure 17B It is along Figure 17 The section line FF captures the second cross-section of the fluid vacuum pump, showing the pump in a water configuration.

[0056] Figure 18 yes Figure 15 Exploded perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0057] Figure 19 This is a perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump incorporating a motor and a variable-configuration impeller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] Figure 20 yes Figure 19 Side view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0059] Figure 20A It is along Figure 20 The cross-section of the fluid vacuum pump is captured by the profile line GG.

[0060] Figure 21 yes Figure 19 Exploded perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0061] Figure 22 Showing in its different configurations Figure 19 A view of the variable configuration impeller.

[0062] Figure 23 This is a perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump incorporating a motor and a variable-configuration impeller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0063] Figure 24 yes Figure 23 A bottom view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0064] Figure 25 yes Figure 23 Side view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0065] Figure 25A It is along Figure 25 The section line HH cuts out the first cross-section of the fluid vacuum pump, which shows the pump in an air configuration.

[0066] Figure 25B It is along Figure 25The section line HH cuts out the second cross-section of the fluid vacuum pump, which shows the pump in a water configuration.

[0067] Figure 26A yes Figure 23 A bottom perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump, showing the pump in an air configuration.

[0068] Figure 26B yes Figure 23 A bottom perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump, showing the pump in a water configuration.

[0069] Figure 27 yes Figure 23 Exploded perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0070] Figure 28 This is a perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump incorporating a motor and a variable-configuration impeller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0071] Figure 29 yes Figure 28 A bottom view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0072] Figure 30 yes Figure 28 Side view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0073] Figure 30A It is along Figure 30 The cross-section of the fluid vacuum pump is taken by section line II.

[0074] Figure 31 yes Figure 28 Exploded perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0075] Figures 32A to 32D The air and water configurations are shown. Figure 28 Perspective and bottom views of the pump.

[0076] Figure 33 This is a perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump incorporating a motor and a variable-configuration impeller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0077] Figure 34 yes Figure 33 A bottom view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0078] Figure 35 yes Figure 33 Side view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0079] Figure 35A It is along Figure 35 The first cross-section of the fluid vacuum pump is captured by the section line JJ.

[0080] Figure 36yes Figure 33 Exploded perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0081] Figure 37 Top views, side views, and sectional views of embodiments of air impellers, fluid impellers, and water impellers applicable to various embodiments of this disclosure are shown.

[0082] Figure 38 This is a perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump incorporating a motor and a variable-configuration impeller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0083] Figure 39 yes Figure 38 A bottom view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0084] Figure 40 yes Figure 38 Side view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0085] Figure 40A It is along Figure 40 The cross-section of the fluid vacuum pump is captured by the profile line KK.

[0086] Figure 41 yes Figure 38 Exploded perspective view of a fluid vacuum pump.

[0087] Figures 42A to 42D It shows the configuration of air and water. Figure 38 Perspective and bottom views of the pump.

[0088] Figure 43 It is applicable Figure 38 A perspective view of a portion of the impeller of a pump, which has a one-way clutch element.

[0089] Figure 44 It shows the applicable Figure 38 Top and bottom perspective views of another part of the pump impeller, the pump configuration for use with Figure 43 The impeller segments selectively engage and have ratchet elements.

[0090] While this disclosure is susceptible to various modifications and alternatives, specific embodiments thereof are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings and will be described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments provided herein are not intended to limit this disclosure to the particular embodiments disclosed; rather, the invention is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0091] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention may be practiced without these specific details. For example, the invention is not limited in scope to the particular type of industrial application depicted in the drawings. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the invention. The following description of the technology is merely exemplary in nature in terms of the subject matter, making, and use of one or more inventions and is not intended to limit the scope, application, or use of any particular invention claimed in this application, or to limit the scope, application, or use of any particular invention claimed in any other application that may be filed claiming priority to this application, or from any patents published therefrom. In reviewing the description of the technology described herein, the following definitions and non-limiting guidelines must be considered.

[0092] The headings (such as “Introduction” and “Summary of the Invention”) and subheadings used herein are intended only for the general organization of the subject matter in this disclosure and are not intended to limit the disclosure of the technology or any aspect thereof. In particular, the subject matter disclosed in the “Introduction” may include novel techniques and may not constitute a description of prior art. The subject matter disclosed in the “Summary of the Invention” is not an exhaustive or complete disclosure of the entire scope of the technology or any embodiments thereof. The classification or discussion of materials having particular uses in a part of this specification is for convenience and should not be construed as to imply that when a material is used in any given composition, the material must necessarily or merely function according to its classification herein.

[0093] The references cited herein do not constitute an admission that these references are prior art or have any patentability with respect to the technology disclosed herein. The entire contents of all references cited in the “Implementation” section of this specification are incorporated herein by reference.

[0094] While the descriptions and specific examples indicate embodiments of the present technology, they are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present technology. Furthermore, the listing of multiple embodiments having the described features is not intended to exclude other embodiments having additional features, or other embodiments combining different combinations of the described features. Specific examples are provided to illustrate how devices and systems of the present technology can be manufactured and used, and unless explicitly stated otherwise, are not intended to suggest that a given embodiment of the present technology has been or has not been manufactured or tested.

[0095] As used herein, the word “comprising” and variations thereof are intended to be non-limiting, such that the listing of items does not exclude other similar items that may also be useful in the materials, compositions, apparatus, and methods of the present technology. Similarly, the terms “may” and “can” and variations thereof are intended to be non-limiting, such that a description of an embodiment that may or may include certain elements or features does not exclude other embodiments of the present technology that do not include those elements or features.

[0096] As used herein, “a” and “an” indicate the presence of “at least one” item; multiple such items may exist, if possible. When applied to numerical values, “about” indicates that the calculation or measurement allows for some slight imprecision (the numerical value has some method of approaching precision; approximate or reasonably close to the value; nearly). If, for some reason, the imprecision provided by “about” cannot be understood in this general sense in the art, then “about” as used herein at least indicates variations that may arise from the common methods of measuring or using such parameters. Furthermore, the disclosure of ranges includes the disclosure of all different values ​​throughout the range and further subdivisions of the range.

[0097] This disclosure provides several embodiments relating to a system for achieving efficient vacuum / filtration performance of a single device in various fluid environments, such as air and water. As mentioned above, the technical problem addressed is designing a system to handle multiple media while minimizing potential component damage and / or failure. As will be seen, the system addresses this technical problem by providing alternative motor configurations, impeller configurations (including variable configuration impellers), and gear / clutch mechanisms. This disclosure covers different combinations of the basic elements presented herein. Furthermore, these embodiments are presented to further describe and disclose systems that can utilize mechanical elements beyond those specifically illustrated herein.

[0098] Because the various embodiments herein employ many of the same or similar elements or have different characteristics that do not change this disclosure, these elements may be indicated by similar reference numerals (item 34 generally corresponds to 134, 234, etc.) in this written description and / or drawings, but are not further described in the following embodiments.

[0099] As used herein, the specific reference to "air" or "water" motor indicates that the selected motor has operating characteristics particularly suited to the mentioned medium, including, for example, RPM settings, torque, and current consumption. When referred to simply as "motor," the motor may have operating characteristics that represent a compromise between the preferred operating characteristics for air and water operation.

[0100] Figures 1 to 4A first embodiment of the invention is illustrated, relating to a pump (10) combining two motors and two impellers. Each motor / impeller combination is optimized for pumping a specific fluid such as air and / or water. Multiple media can coexist in an environment, and the two motor / impeller combinations can operate simultaneously to provide the desired “self-starting” effect. A housing (12) encloses the internal components of the pump (10). A housing cover (14) encloses the top of the housing. The housing cover (14) includes an opening to accommodate a port for accessing a DC connector (42) for charging a battery (46). When the battery (46) is not being charged, a connector cap (44) covers the port to protect the DC jack during use. In alternative embodiments, the DC jack is replaced by an alternative charging element, such as an inductive charging element, to eliminate the need for certain components like the connector cap. The design and use of such a charging element should not be considered as a limitation on the scope of this disclosure or any disclosure described herein. The housing cover (14) also includes an opening for receiving an on / off button (48), which controls the operation of a power switch (38) located directly below the button (48). A gasket (16) provides a seal between the housing (12) and the housing cover (14) to prevent water and / or dust and other contaminants from seeping into the interior of the pump (10).

[0101] The motor mounting bracket (18) provides stable support for the air motor (22) and the water motor (28). The motor mounting bracket (18) may also include a partition separating the air motor (22) and the water motor (28). The motor mounting bracket (18) provides openings for each of the motors to receive the output shafts of the air motor (22) and the water motor (28), extending through and engaging the air impeller shaft (26) and the water impeller shaft (32). The battery mounting bracket (20) supports the battery (46). The battery mounting bracket (20) may include multiple clips for securing the battery (46) in place. Furthermore, the battery mounting bracket (20) may have at least one opening allowing the battery (46) to be electrically connected to the air motor (22) and the water motor (28).

[0102] The air motor receives power from the battery (46) and is controlled by the controller (40). The operation of the air motor (22) is started or stopped by the actuation of the power switch (38). When the motor (22) is turned on, the air motor (22) engages with the air impeller shaft (26) and drives the air impeller shaft (26) to rotate. The water motor (28) also receives power from the battery (46) and is also controlled by the controller (40). The operation of the water motor (28) is started or stopped by the actuation of the power switch (38), which can be operated together with the controller (40). When the motor is turned on, the water motor (28) engages with the water impeller shaft (32) and drives the water impeller shaft (32) to rotate.

[0103] In this embodiment, the air impeller (24) and the water impeller (30) are connected to and rotated by the air impeller shaft (26) and the water impeller shaft (32), respectively. In an alternative embodiment, the air impeller (24) and the water impeller (30) may be disconnected from the air impeller shaft (26) and the water impeller shaft (32), and the connection and construction methods disclosed herein should not be considered limiting. Each impeller shaft (26, 32) is provided with a lip seal (36) at its point of departure from the housing (12) and is supported by a ball bearing (34). The impellers may take various forms, including, for example, shrouded radial blades, open radial blades, open impellers, backward-curved blades, backward-curved blades, airfoil blades, forward-curved multi-bladed blades, backward-curved radial blades, axial flow impellers, propellers, or similar elements. When the pump (10) is used in an air environment rather than in water, the air impeller (24) is engaged, while when the pump (10) is operating in water, the water impeller (30) is engaged. The two impellers (24, 30) can engage simultaneously to provide multi-media pumping, a feature that allows the pump to “self-start” in a variety of environments. The impellers (24, 30) are used to draw in air or water and pass it through the location of the pump (10) for filtration before discharge.

[0104] The power switch (38) controls the start and stop of the pump (10) operation. It is electrically connected to the battery (46) and the controller (40). The term "switch" is used herein for convenience only. The mechanism may take the form of a button, slide switch, wireless switch, or other forms. In a preferred embodiment, the actual power switch (38) is a push-button switch contained within the housing (12) directly below the housing cover (14). The button (48) in the housing cover (14) can engage the power switch (38) to actuate it. When the user presses the button (48), the button (48) is lowered to engage the actual power switch (38).

[0105] The battery (46) is preferably rechargeable. The battery (46) is connected to a DC connector (42), which is accessible through a port on the housing cover (14) to allow charging of the battery (46). In some embodiments, a battery status indicator may be provided. The status indicator may be visual, such as an LED light or a small screen, to indicate the battery's charge level, including when the battery needs charging. The status indicator may also be provided via a smartphone or other IoT-enabled device using a wireless signal. The battery (46) is electrically connected to an air motor (22), a water motor (28), and a controller (40) to power each of these components. In alternative embodiments, the battery may be replaced with any alternative power source, such as a conventional wired power source, as needed. The use of a battery should not be considered a limitation of the scope of the invention, as other power options are also foreseeable.

[0106] The controller (40) controls the operation of the air motor (22) and the water motor (28), and more specifically, selectively supplies power from the battery (46) to the motors (22, 28). The controller (40)—in some embodiments, in cooperation with one or more sensors—determines whether the pump (10) is operating in an air or water environment. In response to a start signal from the power switch (38) and the sensors, the controller (40) directs power to the air motor (22) and / or the water motor (28), activating the appropriate impeller shaft and impeller. In an alternative embodiment of manual control, the controller (40) may be replaced by a selector switch, which the user manually moves between, for example, “Air Setting,” “Water Setting,” “Multiple Settings,” and / or “Auto Setting” to select the appropriate motor / impeller combination for the current operating environment.

[0107] Figures 5 to 9B Another embodiment is illustrated, in which the pump (100) combines a single motor and two impellers, employing a clutch to selectively engage the motor with one of the impellers. In addition to selecting a suitable impeller, the clutch can adjust the torque and speed output by the motor to suit the selected impeller and medium.

[0108] A single motor (122) drives both the air impeller (124) and the water impeller (130). The selective connection between the output shaft of the motor (122) and the water impeller gear (156) and the air impeller gear (158) may include a motor gear (154) connected to and driven by the output shaft of the motor (122). When the motor (122) is turned on, the motor gear (154) may selectively engage with either the water impeller gear (156) or the air impeller gear (158) via a clutch gear (160). The water impeller gear (156) and the air impeller gear (158) may each be configured with a diameter and gear tooth configuration that adjusts the power transmission parameters to more effectively configure the power output of each of the impellers.

[0109] A water impeller gear (156) is fixed to and drives a water impeller shaft (132). When the actuator (150) moves the actuator arm (152) attached to the clutch gear (160), the water impeller gear (156) is driven by the clutch gear (160), causing the clutch gear (160) to mesh with the water impeller gear (156). An air impeller gear (158) is fixed to and drives an air impeller shaft (126). When the actuator (150) moves the actuator arm (152) attached to the clutch gear (160), the air impeller gear (158) is driven by the clutch gear (160), causing the clutch gear (160) to mesh with the air impeller gear (158).

[0110] The clutch gear (160) is driven by the motor gear (154). It is mounted on the actuator arm (152) and moves between two positions—engaging with (a) the motor gear (154) and the water impeller gear (156) or (b) the motor gear (154) and the air impeller gear (158). In a preferred embodiment, the actuator (150) may take the form of a solenoid or similar electromechanical device.

[0111] In an alternative version of this type of embodiment, two separate clutch gears may be provided. A first clutch gear may selectively engage / disengage the air impeller gear (158), and a second clutch gear may selectively engage / disengage the water impeller gear (156). Each of the two clutch gears may be provided with its own actuator to move the corresponding clutch gear to engage / disengage its associated impeller gear (156 or 158) and motor gear (154) based on detected fluid. If desired, for example, when a combination of fluids is detected, this version also allows both impeller gears (156, 158) to engage and drive simultaneously by activating both actuators at the same time.

[0112] Alternatively, the actuator can be removed from the embodiments to facilitate a clutch system, such as one or a combination thereof, that selectively engages / disengages one or both of the impeller gears (156, 158) with the motor gear (154), as described elsewhere herein. In one version, the water impeller gear (156) can be configured to directly engage the motor gear (154), while the clutch mechanism selectively engages / disengages the air impeller gear (158) with the motor gear (154). In this example, the water impeller gear (156) will remain engaged with the motor gear (154) all the time, while the air impeller gear (158) will selectively engage with the water impeller gear (156) only when air is detected, again resulting in both impeller gears (156, 158) being driven simultaneously. In a variant, the water impeller gear (156) can also be provided with a clutch mechanism such that it selectively engages with the motor gear (154) only when water is detected, which will result in reduced energy consumption.

[0113] As in the first embodiment, the controller (140) controls the operation of the motor (122) and the actuator (150). The controller (140)—in some embodiments, in cooperation with one or more sensors—determines whether the pump (100) is operating in an air or water environment. In response to a start signal from a power switch (138) and a sensor, the controller (140) sends a signal to the actuator (150) to move the actuator arm (152), causing the clutch gear (160) to engage with either the water impeller gear (156) or the air impeller gear (158). The controller (140) then directs power to the motor (122) to drive the selected gear, shaft, and impeller combination. The two positions of the clutch gear (160) are... Figures 9A to 9B As shown.

[0114] In an alternative embodiment of manual control, the controller (140) and actuator (150) can be replaced by selector switches, which the user can manually move between, for example, “air setting”, “water setting”, “multiple settings” and / or “automatic settings”. As described in the exemplary embodiments above, “multiple settings” may involve the simultaneous engagement of two impeller gears when a combination of fluids is encountered, and “automatic settings” allow the automatic selection of a suitable gear / impeller combination for the current operating environment.

[0115] Figures 10 to 14A A pump (200) with two motors and a single impeller is shown. In this pump (200), a linkage gear (260) is used to transmit rotation from the motors (222, 228) to the impeller (224). In this pump (200), when the air motor (222) is activated, the output shaft of the air motor (222) engages with the air impeller gear (258) and drives the air impeller gear (258) rotatably. When the motor (228) is activated, the water motor (228) engages with the water impeller gear (256) and drives the water impeller gear (256) rotatably.

[0116] A linkage gear (260) is connected to and drives the impeller shaft (226). The impeller shaft (226) selectively engages with and is driven by either a water impeller gear (256) or an air impeller gear (258), depending on which motor (222, 228) is operating. In the illustrated embodiment, the linkage gear (260) is permanently engaged with both the water impeller gear (256) and the air impeller gear (258), eliminating the need for a clutch mechanism to move the linkage gear (260) from engagement with one gear to the other. In such an embodiment, when the linkage gear (260) is driven by the actively running motor, it also drives the gear associated with the inactive motor. In some embodiments, the motor can be used to regenerate energy through this driven rotation. In an alternative embodiment, a differential can be used to combine the outputs of the two motors, in which case the air motor (222) and the water motor (228) can be identical in design. In other alternative embodiments, a movable clutch gear (160), similar to that of a pump (100), can be used for selective engagement of each motor.

[0117] Similarly, the controller (240) is responsible for determining the medium in which the pump (200) operates and activating the appropriate motor and gear combination. Alternatively, a manual selector switch may be used, as in other embodiments.

[0118] Figures 15 to 18 Another embodiment of a pump (300) with a dual motor and a single impeller is illustrated. Similarly, the pump (300) incorporates an air motor (322) and a water motor (328) connected to the impeller (324) via a clutch mechanism. This embodiment illustrates the availability of multiple clutch mechanisms to move the clutch gear (360) between positions where the clutch gear selectively engages the output gear of either of the two motors to transmit power from that gear to the impeller shaft (326). More broadly, each of the clutch systems described in this disclosure can be incorporated into any of the various embodiments described herein.

[0119] More specifically, an air motor (322) engages with and rotatably drives an air impeller gear (358). Notably, the air motor (322) has an output shaft that is shorter than that of the water motor (328). This arrangement places the air impeller gear (358) in a different plane from the water impeller gear (356), which is connected to and driven by the water motor (328), preferably at a greater distance from the impeller (324), thus allowing the air impeller gear (358) to engage independently of the water impeller gear (356) by a clutch gear (360).

[0120] Advantageously, the water motor (328) has an output shaft that is slightly longer than that of the air motor (322). This arrangement places the water impeller gear (356) in a plane that is preferably closer to the impeller (324) than the air impeller gear (358), again allowing the water impeller gear (356) to be engaged by the clutch gear (360) independently of the air impeller gear (358). The length of the shaft should not be considered a limiting factor. In alternative embodiments, the shaft length remains the same, and the gears are positioned differently on the shaft, or the motor is placed at different heights, etc. There are many ways to accomplish the same task.

[0121] The impeller shaft (326) drives the impeller (324), which is in turn driven by the clutch gear (360). In this embodiment, the impeller (324) is arranged for use in both air and water, having a combination of features from both dedicated air and water impellers. Figure 37 This includes an embodiment of an impeller (324). Figure 37 Examples comparing typical air impellers, typical water impellers, and air / water impellers are illustrated. Again, the use of air and water should not be considered limiting when describing impellers. Figure 37 The impeller shown is merely an example of an impeller designed for a particular medium and its combinations. This embodiment of the impeller (324) is in the form of closed blades with a top plate (324a) and a bottom plate (324b). A series of curved blades (324c) are fixed between these top and bottom plates. In these embodiments, the curved blades (324c) do not extend completely to the core of the impeller (324), but may reach or extend beyond the core of the impeller as needed. The number of curved blades (324c) is fewer than the number of blades in an air impeller and more than the number of blades in a water impeller. The same impeller (324) is used for both air and water. It is conceivable that any impeller of any design can be used for any medium. The presented form should not be considered as a limitation on the scope of this disclosure. This type of impeller can be combined with other embodiments using a single impeller.

[0122] A clutch spring (362) is disposed around the impeller shaft (326) between the clutch gear (360) and the inner bottom surface of the housing (312). This arrangement preferably results in the clutch spring (362) being able to raise or lower the clutch gear (360) relative to the bottom of the housing (312) depending on whether the clutch spring (362) is compressed or stretched.

[0123] The compression and extension of the clutch spring (362) vary depending on the medium in which the pump (300) operates and the resulting kinematic force exerted by the medium on the impeller (324). More specifically, when the medium is pulled in one direction by the vacuum pump, it exerts an opposing reaction force on the pulling element (pump impeller), which causes the pulling element to be pulled toward the medium. The different properties of air and water cause each of those media to exert a greater (water) or less (air) reaction force on the pulling element. The greater force exerted by water on the impeller (324) pulls the impeller forward. This, in turn, pulls the impeller shaft (326) in the same direction, and consequently, the clutch gear (360). The clutch spring (362) compresses to accommodate this movement. As the impeller shaft (326) and the clutch gear (360) are pulled toward the bottom of the housing (312), the clutch gear (360) moves to a position where it engages with the water impeller gear (356).

[0124] It is noteworthy that the clutch spring (362) is designed with dimensions and spring force such that it preferably results in a spring force greater than the reaction force exerted by air on the impeller (324), but less than the reaction force exerted by water on the impeller (324). In this way, when the pump (300) is operating in water, the clutch spring (362) can be compressed, but when the pump (300) is operating in an air environment, the clutch spring can extend and exert an upward force on the clutch gear (360). Therefore, when the pump (300) is operating in an air environment, the clutch spring (362) extends and pushes the clutch gear (360) to its upper position, in which the clutch gear engages with the air impeller gear (358). In an alternative embodiment, the spring arrangement can be implemented in reverse to achieve the same effect, utilizing a spring that pulls the clutch gear (360) when the pump is operating in an air environment. Again, the description of these mechanisms should not be considered limiting.

[0125] Figures 19 to 3 The embodiments shown in Figure 2 all employ components whose individual impeller structure is modified according to the pump's operating environment. Figures 19 to 22 In the case of an embodiment, a single impeller (400) has, for example, Figure 22 The two-part arrangement is shown. The first section (402) and the second section (404) of the impeller (400) run concentrically around the impeller shaft, but can move axially relative to each other as shown.

[0126] The first segment (402) may have a different diameter than the second segment (404). The first segment (402) may have a closed blade configuration with a top plate (402a) and a bottom plate (402b). A series of blades (402c) are fixed between these top and bottom plates. The bottom plate (402b) may have a series of curved grooves (402d) – in Figure 21The middle section is the clearest view. These curved grooves (402d) correspond in number, size and orientation to the blades (404c) of the second segment (404), and engage with those blades (404c) as described below.

[0127] The second segment (404) is similarly provided with a base plate (404a) and a series of blades (404c), but preferably without a top plate. The blades (404c) of the second segment (404) are preferably configured to provide optimal performance in the air in their folded state. The blades (404c) are also arranged to be inserted into and pass through the curved slots (402d) of the first segment (402).

[0128] As a result, the first segment (402) and the second segment (404) can move between a first position in which the blades (404c) of the second segment (404) pass through the curved groove (402d) of the first segment (402), and the bottom plate (404a) of the second segment (404) presses against the bottom plate (402b) of the first segment (402), or more preferably, the upper edge of the blades (404c) of the second segment (404) presses against the upper plate (402a) of the first segment (402). In this position, the blades (402c, 404c) of the two segments can operate together, simulating a conventional air impeller. In a preferred embodiment, the combined blades of the first segment (402) and the second segment (404) are arranged to have optimal performance in an aerodynamic environment. It can be seen that the first and second segments of the impeller (400) draw in fluid (air).

[0129] Conversely, in the second position, where the blades (404c) of the second segment (404) retract from the curved groove (402d) of the first segment (402), the two segments may not cooperate with each other, and one of the segments may be used independently. In an alternative embodiment, the second segment may still rotate rapidly but be removed from the fluid flow. In the illustrated embodiment, fluid (water) is drawn in only through the first segment (402). Note that the arrangement of the corresponding blades and plates of the impeller segments can be reversed.

[0130] Figures 19 to 22 The variable impeller pump (500) utilizes a clutch spring (562) in a manner somewhat similar to that described in the combination of the dual-motor / single impeller pump (300) above. More specifically, the operation of the clutch spring (562) originates from the different kinematic forces applied to the impeller by air and water. The impeller shaft (526) is provided with a narrow segment surrounded above and below by larger segments.

[0131] A first impeller segment (402) is slidably mounted on a narrower segment of the impeller shaft (526), ​​the narrower segment having a length greater than the thickness of the first impeller segment (402). The size of the central orifice of the first impeller segment (402) allows for slidable engagement with the narrower segment of the impeller shaft (526), ​​but is smaller in size than the larger segments of the impeller shaft (526) located above and below the narrower segment of the shaft (526). This arrangement provides the first impeller segment (402) with a range of movement that is controlled only by the action of the clutch spring (562) along the narrower segment of the impeller shaft (526), ​​where the larger segments of the impeller shaft (526) serve as the upper and lower limits of the range of movement of the first impeller segment (402).

[0132] In this configuration, the impeller shaft (526) is inserted through the central aperture of the second impeller segment (404), and the second impeller segment (404) maintains a relatively constant axial relationship with the impeller shaft (526) through elements of the housing (512) and / or features of the impeller shaft (526). The second impeller segment (404) is left to rotate freely and rapidly about the impeller shaft (526). Therefore, the second impeller segment (404) is never directly driven by the impeller shaft (526). Instead, the second impeller segment (404) is driven only by the first impeller segment (402) because the blades (404c) of the second impeller segment (404) engage with the curved grooves (402d) of the first impeller segment (402). However, in an alternative embodiment, the second impeller segment (404) may be driven by the impeller shaft (526).

[0133] This engagement is selectively generated by the clutch spring (562) and the kinematics acting on the impeller (400). The greater force exerted by the water on the impeller (400) pulls the first impeller section (402) toward the medium (away from the pump body), thereby disengaging the blades (404c) of the second impeller section (404) from the curved grooves (402d) of the first impeller section (402). The second impeller section (404) is now disengaged from the first impeller section (402) and is not driven by the impeller shaft (526), ​​becoming a non-functional part of the pumping action. This makes the first impeller section (402) (where its blades (402c) are configured for water properties) the sole active pumping component. In an alternative embodiment where the second impeller section (404) is still driven by the impeller shaft (526), ​​axially positioning the second impeller section (404) further away from the flow allows it to become a non-functional part of the pumping action.

[0134] Furthermore, the clutch spring (562) is designed with dimensions and spring force such that the spring force is preferably greater than the reaction force exerted by air on the impeller, but less than the reaction force exerted by water on the impeller. In this way, when the pump (500) is operating in water, the clutch spring (562) can be compressed, but when the pump (500) is operating in an air environment, the clutch spring can extend and apply an upward force to the first impeller segment (402). As a result, when the pump (500) is operating in an air environment, the clutch spring (562) extends and forces the first impeller segment (402) toward the second impeller segment (404), thereby allowing the blades (404c) of the second impeller segment (404) to engage the curved grooves (402d) of the first impeller segment (402). In this position, the first impeller segment (402) is able to drive the second impeller segment (404) to rotate, and the blades of the two segments can engage to more effectively draw air into the pump (500).

[0135] Note that due to the different arrangement of the battery (546) inside the housing (512), the component located directly below the cover (514) is supported by the plate (515).

[0136] Figures 23 to 3 Embodiment 2 also utilizes a variable-configuration impeller (600), but its design differs somewhat from the aforementioned embodiments. The equivalent of the first impeller segment (configured for use in water) (602) represents the core of the impeller (600), while the second impeller segment (configured for use in air with the first impeller segment) (604) is located around the first impeller segment (602). Unlike the engagement of blades and slots, the first and second impeller segments are selectively engaged by a series of magnets associated with each segment. In alternative embodiments, a friction torque clutch may be used instead of magnets, and the engagement method should not be considered limiting. A first set of magnets (606) is attached to the first impeller segment (602). A second set of magnets (608) is attached to the second impeller segment (604). The first set of magnets (606) and the second set of magnets (608) have attractive polarities, causing them to cooperate in a coplanar and concentric configuration to magnetically link the first impeller segment (602) and the second impeller segment (604), wherein the impeller segments move together with each other. It is the magnetic field strength connecting the first set of magnets (606) and the second set of magnets (608) that causes the second impeller segment (604) to be driven by the first impeller segment (602).

[0137] exist Figures 23 to 27In this embodiment, the second (air) impeller segment (604) is mounted on the impeller shaft (726) in a free and rapid rotational manner and is maintained in a relatively constant axial position relative to the impeller shaft (726). A spring (762) positioned adjacent to the outer end of the impeller shaft (726) applies a force toward the second impeller segment (604) on the first impeller segment (602). The spring (762) may also consist of a magnet of opposite polarity, a rubber pad, or any similar material. The composition and design of the spring (762) should not be considered limiting.

[0138] As in the previous embodiments, the engagement of the first impeller segment (602) and the second impeller segment (604) is controlled by the kinematic action of the pumped medium. However, although in the previous embodiment the clutch spring was configured to coordinate with this kinematic action, in this embodiment, the magnetic field forces of the first set of magnets (606) and the second set of magnets (608), as well as the spring (762), are calibrated relative to the different kinematic forces applied by air and water. In alternative embodiments, a spring can be used, a torque clutch can be used, or any conceivable linkage system can be implemented as needed. The linkage system should not be considered limiting. More specifically, when pumping water, the magnetic field strength and the spring force of the spring (762) are preferably less than the kinematic force applied by the water to the impeller (600). This causes the first impeller segment (602) to disengage from the second impeller segment (604), such that the second impeller segment (604) is no longer magnetically connected to the first impeller segment (602) and is no longer driven by the first impeller segment (602).

[0139] In the air environment, the kinematic force applied to the impeller (600) is no longer sufficient to break the magnetic attraction between the first set of magnets (606) and the second set of magnets (608) or overcome the elastic force of the spring (762). Therefore, the spring (762) forces the first impeller segment (602) toward the second impeller segment (604), wherein the first set of magnets (606) and the second set of magnets (608) can once again form a magnetic connection between the first impeller segment (602) and the second impeller segment (604), so that the second impeller segment (604) is once again driven by the first impeller segment (602).

[0140] Figures 28 to 32D The illustrated pump embodiment (800) utilizes the same impeller (600) arrangement. However, in this embodiment, the first impeller section (602) cannot move axially relative to the second impeller section (604), and therefore, the first impeller section (602) and the second impeller section (604) remain coplanarly arranged throughout all operation of the pump (800). For this purpose, no axially acting springs or other mechanisms are used. Only the first impeller section (602) engages with and is driven by the impeller shaft (826).

[0141] To control the rotation of the second impeller segment (604), a braking device or any conceivable stopping element (864) is provided, acting on the circumferential surface of the second impeller segment (604). The braking device (864) is pivotable about a pivot column (866) along an arc. At one end of the arc, the distal end of the braking device (864) engages the second impeller segment (604) to restrict its movement and disconnect the connection between the magnets (606, 608), thereby allowing the first impeller segment (602) to be driven and pumped by itself. As the braking device (864) moves away from the second impeller segment (604), the magnets (606, 608) can maintain the magnetic connection between the two impeller segments (602, 604) and allow the second impeller segment (604) to be driven by the first impeller segment (602). The braking device (864) may be arranged to engage the circumferential surface of the second impeller segment (604) frictionally by latching against one of the blades of the second impeller segment (604) or by any other conceivable method of preventing rotation of the second impeller segment (604). The form or presence of the braking element should not be considered a limitation of this disclosure.

[0142] It is worth noting that as fluid density increases, the impeller can be designed to resist rotation. For example, an outer ring impeller can be designed such that the torque generated by the water on the impeller blades as water flows over them can slow down or stop the rapid rotation of the impeller element. It is conceivable that an inner impeller could be designed in a similar manner, where the water slows down or stops the impeller, while the outer impeller remains operational and unaffected by the presence of different fluids. In any case, the impeller may slow down due to the presence of fluids with different properties. Thus, in alternative embodiments, braking devices may not be used while still maintaining the intended function of the invention, and this should not be considered a limitation.

[0143] Figures 33 to 36 A variation of the single motor / single impeller pump (900) is illustrated. In this embodiment, a single motor (922) and an impeller (924) are employed. More specifically, the impeller (924) is arranged for use in both air and water, having a combination of the characteristics of each of the dedicated air and water impellers described in previous embodiments. However, in this embodiment, the motor (922) is a brushless motor system configured to detect changes in the current consumption, torque, and / or rotational speed of the impeller (924) caused by the kinematic difference between the pumped air and the pumped water. The motor (922) adjusts the operation of its RPM and torque output to best suit the relevant medium. The use of a brushless motor should not be considered limiting, as other motors can also have adjustable outputs by using voltage, current, and frequency variations, pulse width modulation, and / or any other conceivable method.

[0144] Figures 38 to 44This example illustrates another version of the impeller pump (1000) with a single motor and variable configuration. Similar to... Figures 28 to 32D An embodiment may include optional braking devices or other forms of auxiliary structures (1064) that may be incorporated but are not essential for the operation of the embodiment. Instead, the operation of this embodiment focuses more on Figures 43 to 44 The impeller arrangement is shown.

[0145] The impeller (1100) is again provided with a first impeller section (1102) and a second impeller section (1104). The first impeller section (configured for use in water) (1102) represents the core of the impeller (1100), while the second impeller section (configured for use in air together with the first impeller section) (1104) is located on the periphery of the first impeller section (1102). The first impeller section (1102) cannot move axially relative to the second impeller section (1104), therefore, during the operation of the pump (1100), the first impeller section (1102) and the second impeller section (1104) remain coplanar and concentrically arranged. Only the first impeller section (1102) is engaged with and driven by the impeller shaft (1026) via a shaft engagement structure (1116).

[0146] The first impeller segment (1102) is provided with a series of ratchet elements (1108). The ratchet elements (1108) are arranged around a portion of the circumference of the first impeller segment (1102) and may be attached to a central annular support wall (1106), but may also utilize other means of supporting the ratchet elements (1108). The ratchet elements (1108) preferably have at least one engagement surface (1110) at their outer portion, the engagement surface (1110) being configured to engage with a corresponding portion of the second impeller segment (1104), as described below. The ratchet elements (1108) may also be provided with inclined surfaces (1112). The ratchet elements (1108) may be configured such that their engagement surfaces (1110) will engage with a corresponding portion of the second impeller segment (1104) in some form of interference relationship with the second impeller segment (1104). When the first impeller segment (1102) rotates in the first direction, it forces the second impeller segment (1104) to rotate rapidly together with the first impeller segment (1102). A “bypass” relationship can be formed in which the inclined surface (1112) of the first impeller segment (1102) engages a corresponding portion of the second impeller segment (1104) to allow the first impeller segment (1102) to rotate rapidly on its own without fully engaging with the second impeller segment (1104) when the first impeller segment (1102) is driven in the second direction.

[0147] Different portions of the periphery of the first impeller segment (1102) may be provided with a series of blades (1114) that operate in a manner similar to the corresponding portions of other impellers described herein and in known ways. Alternatively, the blades (1114) of the first impeller segment (1102) may be coupled with a ratchet element (1108).

[0148] The second impeller segment (1104) also has a series of blades (1118) arranged along its periphery. A series of one-way clutch elements (1120) are arranged along the inner surface of the second impeller segment (1104). Each one-way clutch element (1120) may be provided with an engagement surface (1122) corresponding to the engagement surface (1110) of the ratchet element (1108) of the first impeller segment (1102). The engagement surface (1122) of each one-way clutch element (1120) faces the opposite direction to the engagement surface (1110) of the ratchet element (1108). The one-way clutch element (1120) is also provided with an inclined surface (1124) corresponding to the inclined surface (1112) of the ratchet element (1108).

[0149] When the shaft (1026) rotates the first impeller segment (1102) in the first direction, the engagement surface (1110) of the ratchet element (1108) contacts the engagement surface (1122) of the one-way clutch element (1120). The orientation of the ratchet element engagement surfaces (1110) prevents them from sliding over the one-way clutch element engagement surface (1122), instead applying force to the one-way clutch element engagement surface (1122), thereby rotationally driving the second impeller segment (1104). However, when the first impeller segment (1102) rotates in the second direction, the inclined surface (1112) of the ratchet element (1108) contacts the inclined surface (1124) of the one-way clutch element (1120). This engagement of the relative inclined surfaces allows the ratchet element (1108) to slide over the one-way clutch element (1120) without fully engaging them. As a result, the first impeller segment (1102) can be allowed to rotate rapidly without driving the second impeller segment (1104).

[0150] In this embodiment incorporating an optional braking device (1064), the optional braking device (1064) is pivotable along an arc about a pivot column (1066). At one end of the arc, the distal end of the braking device (1064) engages the second impeller segment (1104) to again, in a supplementary manner, help limit movement and disconnect the connection between the second impeller segment (1104) and the first impeller segment (1102). More specifically, the braking device (1064) may be arranged to frictionally engage the circumferential surface of the second impeller segment (1104) by abutting against one of the blades of the second impeller segment (1104), or by any other conceivable method. Again, the form or presence of the braking element should not be considered a limitation of this disclosure.

[0151] Alternative embodiments of systems using a clutch mechanism are also envisioned. One such system is one in which the clutch mechanism is positioned between the air impeller and the housing, wherein the housing prevents the air impeller from rotating rapidly in one direction. The position, configuration, or method of the clutch element should not be considered limiting, but can be applied to any of the embodiments described herein.

[0152] It should be noted that in the foregoing embodiments, the housing, motor, and battery are arranged in a slightly different relationship compared to the embodiments discussed above. This is solely a result of reduced internal space requirements due to the use of a single motor, a single impeller, and the absence of a clutch mechanism. While this arrangement may be preferred, the specific arrangement of the housing, motor, and battery in each of the disclosed embodiments may vary without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0153] Furthermore, while each embodiment explicitly disclosed herein is described as incorporating an internal battery, and more specifically, rechargeable batteries, other power systems (including non-rechargeable, replaceable, etc. batteries) and external wall power outlets with or without AC / DC converters are also within the scope of this disclosure. Although an internal rechargeable battery pack represents a preferred embodiment, other power sources may be utilized without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0154] Preferred embodiments of the invention have been described above to explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling other skilled in the art to utilize the invention in the best manner known to the inventors. However, since various modifications can be made to the structures and methods described and illustrated herein without departing from the scope of the invention, everything contained in the foregoing description or shown in the accompanying drawings should be interpreted as illustrative rather than restrictive. Therefore, the breadth and scope of the invention should not be limited by the exemplary embodiments described above, but should be defined only by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fluid vacuum pump, comprising: A single motor assembly, which further includes one of the following: Single motor; or At least the first motor and the second motor; A single impeller assembly, which further includes at least a first impeller and a second impeller; A single linkage device operably connects the single motor assembly and the single impeller assembly to transmit power from the single motor assembly to the single impeller assembly depending on whether the single impeller assembly is in a first medium or a different second medium; and At least one of a controller and a selection device, the controller and the selection device being configured to selectively adjust the operation of at least one of the single motor assembly, the single impeller assembly, and the single linkage device based on whether the single impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium. Wherein, the first medium is a liquid. The individual impeller assembly is capable of operating submerged in the first medium and the second medium, and the fluid vacuum pump is operable to pump the first medium and the second medium simultaneously or alternately when the individual impeller assembly is submerged in at least one of the first medium and the second medium.

2. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, wherein, The first motor is configured to operate when the single impeller assembly is in the first medium, and the second motor is configured to operate when the single impeller assembly is in the second medium.

3. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, wherein, The first impeller is configured to operate in the first medium, and the second impeller is configured to operate in the second medium.

4. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, wherein, The single linkage device also includes at least one of a linkage mechanism and a clutch mechanism configured to adjustably transmit power from the single motor assembly to the single impeller assembly.

5. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, wherein: The single linkage device is configured to operably connect the first motor to the first impeller and to the second motor to the second impeller; and The selection device is configured to direct power to at least one of the first motor and the second motor depending on whether the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium.

6. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, wherein: The first impeller further includes a first impeller gear, and the second impeller further includes a second impeller gear; and The single linkage device also includes a movable clutch gear that selectively engages the single motor with the first impeller gear and the second impeller gear.

7. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 6, wherein: The selection device is configured to guide the movement of the movable clutch gear based on whether the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium.

8. The fluid vacuum pump of claim 6 further includes a kinematic clutch that guides the movement of the movable clutch gear between engagement with the first impeller gear and the second impeller gear.

9. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, wherein, The individual motor assembly also includes a brushless motor system.

10. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, further comprising: At least one sensor configured to detect whether the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium. The controller or the selection device communicates with the at least one sensor and is configured to adjust the power transmission to the single motor assembly based on the medium detected by the at least one sensor.

11. A fluid vacuum pump, comprising: Single motor assembly; A single impeller assembly, comprising at least a first impeller and a second impeller; and A single linkage device that selectively and adjustably transmits power from a single motor assembly to a single impeller assembly depending on whether the single impeller assembly is in a first medium or a second medium. Wherein, the first medium is a liquid. The individual impeller assembly is capable of operating submerged in the first medium and the second medium, and the fluid vacuum pump is operable to pump the first medium and the second medium simultaneously or alternately when the individual impeller assembly is submerged in at least one of the first medium and the second medium.

12. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 11, wherein, The single linkage also includes a clutch mechanism configured to selectively and adjustably transmit power from the single motor assembly to the single impeller assembly.

13. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 11, wherein: The single motor assembly includes a first motor configured to operate when the single impeller assembly is in the first medium and a second motor configured to operate when the single impeller assembly is in the second medium; The first impeller is configured to operate when the single impeller assembly is in the first medium, and the second impeller is configured to operate when the single impeller assembly is in the second medium; The individual linkage device is configured to be selective: When the single impeller assembly is in the first medium, the first motor is connected to the first impeller; Disconnect the first motor from the first impeller; When the single impeller assembly is in the second medium, the second motor is connected to the second impeller; Disconnect the second motor from the second impeller; and The selection device is configured as follows: When the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium, the individual linkage is directed to connect the first motor to the first impeller and direct power to the first motor. and When the single impeller assembly is in the second medium, the single linkage device guides the second motor to connect to the second impeller and directs power to the second motor.

14. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 11, wherein: The first impeller is configured to operate in the first medium, and the second impeller is configured to operate in the second medium; and The single linkage device is configured to selectively engage the single motor assembly with at least one of a first impeller gear and a second impeller gear.

15. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 11, wherein, The individual motor assembly includes a brushless motor system.

16. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 11, further comprising: At least one sensor configured to detect whether the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium; and The selection device communicates with the at least one sensor and is configured to adjust the power transmission to the single motor assembly based on the medium detected by the at least one sensor.

17. A fluid vacuum pump, comprising: Single motor assembly; A single impeller assembly, comprising at least a first impeller and a second impeller; and A selection device that selectively and adjustably controls at least one of the single motor assembly and the single impeller assembly depending on whether the single impeller assembly is in a first medium or a second medium. Wherein, the first medium is a liquid. The individual impeller assembly is capable of operating submerged in the first medium and the second medium, and the fluid vacuum pump is operable to pump the first medium and the second medium simultaneously or alternately when the individual impeller assembly is submerged in at least one of the first medium and the second medium.

18. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, wherein, The controller is configured to selectively and independently power the first motor and the second motor and start their operation.

19. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, wherein, The single linkage device is configured to selectively adjust the operation of the single motor assembly and the single impeller assembly depending on whether the single impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium.

20. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, wherein, The selection device is operatively connected to the controller and includes at least one of a medium sensor and a manual selector switch.

21. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 20, wherein, The medium sensor is configured to distinguish between the first medium and the second medium to determine whether the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium, wherein the medium sensor is configured to transmit a signal to the controller based on whether the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium, wherein the signal instructs the controller to adjust the operation of at least one of the individual motor assembly, the individual impeller assembly, and the individual linkage device based on whether the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium.

22. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 20, wherein, The medium sensor is configured to distinguish between the first medium and the second medium to determine whether the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium, wherein the medium sensor is configured to transmit a signal to the controller based on whether the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium, wherein the signal instructs the controller to provide power to at least one of the first motor and the second motor and start its operation based on whether the individual impeller assembly is in the first medium or the second medium.

23. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 20, wherein, The manual selector switch includes at least two settings, wherein a first setting instructs the controller to adjust the operation of at least one of the single motor assembly, the single impeller assembly, and the single linkage when the single impeller assembly is in the first medium, and a second setting instructs the controller to adjust the operation of at least one of the single motor assembly, the single impeller assembly, and the single linkage when the single impeller assembly is in the second medium.

24. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 1, wherein, The second medium is a gas, wherein the single linkage device is operable to connect the single motor assembly and the single impeller assembly to further transmit power from the single motor assembly to the single impeller assembly depending on whether the single impeller assembly is in the first medium, the second medium, or a combination thereof.

25. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 11, wherein, The second medium is a gas, wherein the selection device further selectively and adjustably controls at least one of the single motor assembly and the single impeller assembly depending on whether the single impeller assembly is in the first medium, the second medium, or a combination thereof.

26. The fluid vacuum pump according to claim 17, wherein, The fluid vacuum pump also includes a single linkage operably connected to the single motor assembly and the single impeller assembly to selectively and adjustably transmit power from the single motor assembly to the single impeller assembly, depending on whether the single impeller assembly is in the first medium, the second medium, or a combination thereof, wherein the second medium is a gas.

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