A remote monitorable blood purification ultrafiltration system and method for both war and peace

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of peace and war compatible blood purification ultrafiltration system and method of remote monitoring, the system includes portable ultrafiltration equipment, wearable sign monitoring equipment and remote monitoring center;Portable ultrafiltration equipment includes blood circuit and ultrafiltration passage, blood circuit is installed with first bubble sensor, peristaltic pump, arterial pressure sensor, dialyzer, venous pressure sensor and second bubble sensor in sequence, dialyzer front end is installed with first pinch valve;Ultrafiltration passage includes with dialyzer dialysate inlet connection's air inlet line and with dialyzer waste liquid outlet connection's filtrate pipe, filtrate pipe is installed with waste liquid barrel, exhaust pressure sensor and vacuum pump in sequence on it.The system of the application controls the air pressure in gas flow cavity to adjust the pressure difference on both sides of dialysis membrane, so as to generate transmembrane pressure in dialyzer, so that water is ultrafiltrated from blood, and then the purification of blood is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a medical device, and more particularly to a remotely monitorable, dual-use (peacetime and wartime) blood purification ultrafiltration system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Blood purification, also known as hemodialysis, involves drawing blood from the body to the outside and passing it through a dialyzer composed of numerous hollow fibers. The blood exchanges substances with an electrolyte solution (dialysis fluid) containing a concentration similar to that of the body through diffusion / convection inside and outside the hollow fibers, removing metabolic waste, maintaining electrolyte and acid-base balance, and removing excess water from the body.

[0003] Currently used hemodialysis machines are bulky, heavy, and difficult to move, making them unsuitable for use in outdoor emergency situations. Furthermore, kidney injuries sustained in earthquake rescue or battlefield situations are usually due to acute kidney injury caused by trauma, leading to edema, and the kidney function is not impaired; only ultrafiltration dehydration treatment is needed. Using existing hemodialysis equipment is costly and uneconomical. Moreover, commercially available hemodialysis machines generally use volume control methods to achieve ultrafiltration, commonly employing control principles such as "balance chamber + ultrafiltration pump" or "combined pump + ultrafiltration pump." These control principles are complex in structure, expensive, and require large amounts of dialysate and disinfectant for rinsing and disinfection, as the waste fluid comes into direct contact with the machine. All of these factors are detrimental to rapid ultrafiltration and dehydration treatment in emergency scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a dual-use blood purification ultrafiltration system that is simple in structure, low in cost, easy to carry and does not require sterilization. It is mainly used for dual-use blood purification ultrafiltration in outdoor emergency rescue and also has a remote monitoring function.

[0005] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a reasonably designed blood purification method that is only used to remove excess water from the blood, which is suitable for patients with normal renal function but edema.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A remotely monitorable, dual-use (peacetime and wartime) blood purification ultrafiltration system is characterized by comprising a portable ultrafiltration device, a wearable vital sign monitoring device, and a remote monitoring center. The portable ultrafiltration device and the vital sign monitoring device are wirelessly connected to the remote monitoring center. The portable ultrafiltration device includes a blood circuit and an ultrafiltration path. The blood circuit is sequentially equipped with a first bubble sensor, a peristaltic pump for regulating blood flow rate, an arterial pressure sensor, a dialyzer, a venous pressure sensor, and a second bubble sensor. A first clamp valve for controlling whether dialysis is performed is installed at the front end of the dialyzer. The ultrafiltration path includes an air inlet pipe connected to the dialysate inlet of the dialyzer and a filtrate pipe connected to the waste liquid outlet of the dialyzer. A waste liquid tank, an exhaust pressure sensor, and a vacuum pump are sequentially installed on the filtrate pipe. The negative pressure generated by the vacuum pump creates transmembrane pressure across the hollow fiber membrane inside the dialyzer, causing water to be ultrafiltered from the blood and flow into the waste liquid tank. Pressure sensors on the blood circuit and the filtrate line adjust the pressure difference across the dialysis membrane, thereby controlling the intensity and speed of ultrafiltration and completing the blood purification. At the same time, the pressure data from each circuit is transmitted wirelessly to a remote monitoring center via the pressure sensors, and the user's vital signs data is transmitted via wearable vital signs monitoring devices.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be achieved by the following technical solution: the air intake pipeline is provided with an air intake pipe, and a first muffler, a first air intake valve, an air intake pressure sensor and a filter are installed sequentially on the air intake pipe along the air intake direction.

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be achieved by the following technical solution: a gas storage tank is connected between the exhaust waste liquid tank and the vacuum pump, a negative pressure valve is installed between the gas storage tank and the vacuum pump, and a second air inlet valve and a second silencer are connected to the filter liquid pipeline between the negative pressure valve and the vacuum pump through a tee.

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be achieved by the following technical solution: a potassium adsorber is installed in parallel with the dialyzer on the blood circuit, and a second clamp valve is installed at the front end of the potassium adsorber to control whether adsorption occurs.

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be achieved by the following technical solution: the portable ultrafiltration device includes a housing, a shoulder strap or handle is installed on the housing, the first clamp valve and the second clamp valve are located on one side of the housing, a retractable liquid hanging rack is installed on the top surface of the housing, a display screen is provided on the front of the housing, an ultrafiltration server connected to the display screen is installed inside the housing, and the pressure sensors mentioned above are connected to the ultrafiltration server.

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be achieved through the following technical solution: the remote monitoring center includes a remote server and a remote monitoring terminal. The wearable vital signs monitoring device includes a wearable watch, an electrocardiogram monitor, and a pulse oximeter. The wearable watch, electrocardiogram monitor, and pulse oximeter communicate with a portable ultrafiltration device via Bluetooth. The portable ultrafiltration device communicates with a remote server via wireless communication. The remote server is connected to a remote monitoring terminal.

[0012] A blood purification method is characterized by employing the aforementioned remotely monitorable, dual-use (peacetime and wartime) blood purification ultrafiltration system. The method involves blood exiting from an artery, passing through a peristaltic pump, and then entering a dialyzer and a potassium adsorber via a second clamp valve and a first clamp valve, respectively. Simultaneously, an arterial pressure sensor measures blood pressure. After passing through the dialyzer and the potassium adsorber, a venous pressure sensor measures blood pressure and the blood returns to the vein. The vacuum pump operates, creating negative pressure in the ultrafiltration path via the negative pressure valve, with the air tank acting as a negative pressure buffer. The air at the top of the waste liquid tank indirectly creates negative pressure in the orange ultrafiltrate path. This negative pressure, together with the pressure measured by the arterial pressure sensor at the front of the dialyzer, forms the transmembrane pressure. This transmembrane pressure causes the dialyzer to remove water from the blood circuit, which then flows into the waste liquid tank by gravity. Once the waste liquid tank reaches the set volume, it is discharged from the bottom.

[0013] The technical problem to be solved by this invention can also be achieved through the following technical solution, with the control logic as follows: (1) When the water level in the waste liquid tank reaches 80% of the height of the waste liquid tank, record the ultrafiltration volume and discharge the waste liquid; (2) When the pressure difference between the transmembrane pressure sensor (i.e., the arterial pressure sensor) and the intake pressure sensor is less than the lower limit of the transmembrane pressure, open the vacuum pump and the negative pressure valve. (3) When one of the following two conditions is met, shut off the pump and the negative pressure valve: a) Transmembrane pressure, i.e., the pressure difference between the arterial pressure sensor and the intake pressure sensor, is greater than the upper limit of transmembrane pressure; b) The pressure of the exhaust pressure sensor is greater than the upper limit of transmembrane pressure + 10 kPa; (4) When the difference between the fourth pressure sensor and the intake pressure sensor is greater than 10 kPa, the second intake valve and the negative pressure valve are opened for 30 seconds, the first intake valve is opened, and all valves are closed after waiting for 1 minute. The lower limit of the transmembrane pressure is set to 10 kPa and the upper limit of the transmembrane pressure is 40 kPa.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this invention connects an air inlet pipe to the dialysate inlet of the dialyzer, transforming the dialysate chamber of the original dialysis membrane into a gas flow chamber. By controlling the gas pressure within the gas flow chamber, the pressure difference across the dialysis membrane is adjusted, thereby generating transmembrane pressure within the dialyzer. This allows water to be ultrafiltered from the blood, thus purifying the blood. Suitable for on-site treatment, this invention will significantly improve the success rate of treating injured patients. The system and method described in this invention are primarily for blood purification in patients with edema. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the remotely monitorable, dual-use (peacetime and wartime) blood purification ultrafiltration system described in this invention. Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a backpack-type ultrafiltration device; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view.

[0016] In the diagram: 1-Blood circuit, 2-Bubble detector, 3-Peristaltic pump, 4-Arterial pressure sensor, 5-Second clamp valve, 6-First clamp valve, 7-Dialyzer, 8-Kalkaline adsorber, 9-Venous pressure sensor, 10-Venous reservoir, 11-Vacuum pump, 12-Inlet pressure sensor, 13-First silencer, 14-First inlet valve, 15-Third clamp valve, 16-Waste liquid tank, 17-Exhaust pressure sensor, 18-Air tank, 19-Second silencer, 20-Negative pressure valve, 21-Second inlet valve, 22-Filtered liquid pipeline, 23-Filter, 24-Arterial reservoir, 25-Housing, 26-Display screen, 27-Retractable IV stand. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 A remotely monitorable, dual-use (peacetime and wartime) blood purification ultrafiltration system is disclosed. The system includes a portable ultrafiltration device, a wearable vital sign monitoring device, and a remote monitoring center. The portable ultrafiltration device and the wearable vital sign monitoring device are wirelessly connected to the remote monitoring center. The portable ultrafiltration device includes a blood circuit 1 and an ultrafiltration passage. The blood circuit 1 is sequentially equipped with a first bubble sensor 2, a peristaltic pump 3 for regulating blood flow rate, an arterial pressure sensor 4, an arterial chamber 24, a dialyzer 7 / potassium adsorber 8, a venous pressure sensor 9, a venous chamber 10, and a second bubble sensor 2. The dialyzer 7 is equipped with a first clamp valve 6 for controlling whether dialysis is performed, and the potassium adsorber 8 is equipped with a second clamp valve 5 for controlling whether adsorption is performed. The ultrafiltration passage includes an air inlet pipe connected to the dialysate inlet of the dialyzer 7 and a filtrate pipe 22 connected to the waste liquid outlet of the dialyzer. The filtrate pipe 22 is sequentially equipped with a waste liquid tank 18, an exhaust pressure sensor 17, and a vacuum pump 11. The negative pressure generated by the vacuum pump 11 creates transmembrane pressure across the hollow fiber membrane inside the dialyzer 7, causing water to be ultrafiltered from the blood and flow into the waste liquid tank 16. The pressure difference across the dialysis membrane is then adjusted by pressure sensors on the blood circuit 1 and the filtrate line 22, thereby controlling the intensity and speed of ultrafiltration and completing the blood purification. At the same time, the pressure data from each circuit is transmitted wirelessly to the remote monitoring center via the aforementioned pressure sensors, and the wearable vital sign monitoring device transmits the user's vital sign data to the remote monitoring center via wireless communication.

[0020] The air intake pipeline is provided with an air intake pipe, and a first muffler 13, a first air intake valve 14, an air intake pressure sensor 12 and a filter 23 are installed sequentially along the air intake direction on the air intake pipe.

[0021] A gas storage tank 18 is connected between the waste liquid tank 16 and the vacuum pump 11. A negative pressure valve 20 is installed between the gas storage tank 18 and the vacuum pump 11. The filter liquid pipeline 22 between the negative pressure valve 20 and the vacuum pump 11 is connected to a second air inlet valve 21 and a second silencer 19 via a tee.

[0022] Reference Figure 2-3 The portable ultrafiltration device includes a housing 25, on which a shoulder strap or handle is installed. The first clamp valve 6 and the second clamp valve 5 are located on one side of the housing 25. A retractable liquid hanging rack 27 is installed on the top surface of the housing 25. A display screen 26 is provided on the front of the housing. An ultrafiltration server connected to the display screen is installed inside the housing. All the pressure sensors mentioned above are connected to the ultrafiltration server.

[0023] The remote monitoring center includes a remote server and a remote monitoring terminal. The wearable vital sign monitoring devices include a wearable watch, an electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor, and a pulse oximeter, primarily used to monitor the patient's vital signs during treatment. The wearable watch, ECG monitor, and pulse oximeter communicate with the portable ultrafiltration device via Bluetooth. The portable ultrafiltration device communicates with the remote server wirelessly. The remote server is connected to the remote monitoring terminal, enabling remote monitoring, control, and remote diagnosis and treatment of the portable ultrafiltration device, ensuring the accuracy and safety of the treatment. The portable ultrafiltration device acquires data from the wearable vital sign monitoring device via Bluetooth or other means, and then interacts with the remote server for treatment and vital sign monitoring data via 4G / 5G or other wireless communication methods.

[0024] The system works as follows: blood flows from the artery, passes through the peristaltic pump 3, and then enters the dialyzer 7 and the potassium adsorber 8 through the second clamp valve 6 and the first clamp valve 5 respectively. At the same time, the arterial pressure sensor 4 measures the blood pressure. After passing through the dialyzer 7 and the potassium adsorber 8, the second pressure sensor 9 measures the blood pressure and returns it to the vein. Vacuum pump 11 operates, generating negative pressure in the ultrafiltration passage via negative pressure valve 20, with air tank 18 serving as a negative pressure buffer tank; negative pressure is indirectly generated in the orange ultrafiltrate passage through the air at the top of waste liquid tank 16, and this negative pressure, together with the pressure measured by arterial pressure sensor 4 at the front end of dialyzer 7, forms transmembrane pressure, which causes the dialyzer to remove water from the blood circuit and allow it to flow into the waste liquid tank by gravity; when the waste liquid tank reaches the set volume, it is discharged from the bottom.

[0025] The control logic is as follows: (1) When the water level in the waste liquid tank reaches 80% of the height of the waste liquid tank, record the ultrafiltration volume, open the third clamp valve 15, the negative pressure valve 20 and the second air inlet valve 21 to discharge the waste liquid; (2) When the pressure difference between the transmembrane pressure sensor 4 and the intake pressure sensor 9 is less than the lower limit of the transmembrane pressure (preset 10 kPa), the vacuum pump 11 and the negative pressure valve 20 are turned on. (3) When one of the following two conditions is met, shut off the pump and the negative pressure valve: a) Transmembrane pressure, i.e., the pressure difference between arterial pressure sensor 4 and intake pressure sensor 12, is greater than the upper limit of transmembrane pressure (preset 40 kPa). b) The pressure of the exhaust pressure sensor 17 is greater than the transmembrane pressure limit + 10 kPa.

[0026] (4) When the difference between the exhaust pressure sensor 17 and the intake pressure sensor 12 is greater than 10 kPa, the second intake valve 21 and the negative pressure valve are opened for 30 seconds, the first intake valve 14 is opened, and all valves are closed after 1 minute.

[0027] The portable ultrafiltration device in the blood purification system of this invention includes a blood circuit and an ultrafiltration path. The blood circuit includes a peristaltic pump, a dialyzer / adsorber, a bubble sensor, and arteriovenous pressure sensors. The peristaltic pump primarily facilitates blood flow, and the blood flow rate is regulated by adjusting the pump's speed. The dialyzer / adsorber mainly performs simple ultrafiltration or may remove potassium. The operator controls the dialysis function through the first and second clamp valves at the front end of the dialyzer or potassium adsorber. The bubble sensor monitors air in the arteriovenous circuit, and the first and second venous pressure sensors measure the pressure in the circuit. The ultrafiltration path mainly includes a waste liquid tank, a vacuum pump, and pressure sensors. The negative pressure generated by the vacuum pump creates transmembrane pressure across the hollow fiber membrane inside the dialyzer, causing water to be ultrafiltered from the blood and flow into the waste liquid tank.

[0028] Pressure sensors are installed in both the blood circuit and the ultrafiltration pathway to monitor arterial and venous pressures, as well as the air pressure in the ultrafiltration pathway. By controlling the air pressure in the ultrafiltration pathway, the pressure difference across the dialysis membrane is adjusted, thereby generating transmembrane pressure within the dialyzer, allowing water to be ultrafiltered from the blood.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A remotely monitorable, dual-use (peacetime and wartime) blood purification ultrafiltration system, characterized in that, The system includes a portable ultrafiltration device, a wearable vital sign monitoring device, and a remote monitoring center. The portable ultrafiltration device and the wearable vital sign monitoring device communicate with the remote monitoring center wirelessly. The portable ultrafiltration device includes a blood circuit and an ultrafiltration path. The blood circuit is sequentially equipped with a first bubble sensor, a peristaltic pump for regulating blood flow rate, an arterial pressure sensor, a dialyzer, a venous pressure sensor, and a second bubble sensor. A first clamp valve for controlling whether dialysis is performed is installed at the front end of the dialyzer. The ultrafiltration path includes an air inlet pipe connected to the dialysate inlet of the dialyzer and a filtrate pipe connected to the waste liquid outlet of the dialyzer. A waste liquid tank, an exhaust pressure sensor, and a vacuum pump are sequentially installed on the filtrate pipe. The air intake pipeline is equipped with an air intake pipe, and a first silencer, a first air intake valve, an air intake pressure sensor and a filter are installed sequentially on the air intake pipe along the air intake direction; a gas storage tank is connected between the waste liquid tank and the vacuum pump, a negative pressure valve is installed between the gas storage tank and the vacuum pump, and a second air intake valve and a second silencer are connected to the filter liquid pipeline between the negative pressure valve and the vacuum pump through a tee. The negative pressure generated by the vacuum pump creates transmembrane pressure across the hollow fiber membrane inside the dialyzer, causing water to be ultrafiltered from the blood and flow into the waste liquid tank. Pressure sensors on the blood circuit and the filtrate line are used to adjust the pressure difference across the dialysis membrane, controlling the intensity and speed of ultrafiltration, thereby improving blood purification efficiency. At the same time, the pressure data from each circuit is transmitted wirelessly to a remote monitoring center via the aforementioned pressure sensors, and the user's vital signs data is transmitted via wearable vital signs monitoring devices.

2. The remotely monitorable, dual-use (peacetime and wartime) blood purification ultrafiltration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A potassium adsorber is installed in parallel with the dialyzer on the blood circuit, and a second pinch valve is installed at the front end of the potassium adsorber to control whether adsorption occurs.

3. The remotely monitorable, dual-use (peacetime and wartime) blood purification ultrafiltration system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The portable ultrafiltration device includes a housing with a shoulder strap or handle. The first and second clamp valves are located on one side of the housing. A retractable liquid hanging rack is installed on the top surface of the housing. A display screen is installed on the front of the housing. An ultrafiltration server connected to the display screen is installed inside the housing. All the pressure sensors are connected to the ultrafiltration server.

4. A remotely monitorable, dual-use (peacetime and wartime) blood purification ultrafiltration system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The remote monitoring center includes a remote server and a remote monitoring terminal. The wearable vital signs monitoring device includes a wearable watch, an electrocardiogram monitor, and a pulse oximeter. The wearable watch, electrocardiogram monitor, and pulse oximeter communicate with a portable ultrafiltration device via Bluetooth. The portable ultrafiltration device communicates with a remote server via wireless communication. The remote server is connected to a remote monitoring terminal.

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