A tunnel maintenance intelligent monitoring platform based on sensor collection and analysis

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor data acquisition and analysis. This platform includes a tunnel crack information monitoring module, a crack monitoring area setting module, a preliminary crack maintenance assessment module, a tunnel operation and maintenance related information acquisition module, a tunnel environmental information monitoring module, a crack development hazard assessment module, a crack maintenance depth assessment module, and a crack maintenance feedback terminal. By conducting preliminary maintenance assessments, development hazard assessments, and in-depth maintenance assessments of each crack monitoring area, this invention obtains a comprehensive maintenance assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area. This effectively solves the problem of current tunnel crack monitoring methods being too general, improves the monitoring intensity of crack monitoring areas, saves tunnel crack maintenance monitoring costs, ensures timely detection of crack maintenance needs, and thus prevents further expansion of tunnel cracks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel maintenance management technology, and relates to an intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor data acquisition and analysis. Background Technology

[0002] With the construction and operation of numerous urban transportation projects, highway tunnels are gradually entering the operation and management phase. This has led to a surge in tunnel defects such as cracking and deformation. Consequently, the human, material, and financial resources spent on tunnel maintenance and management have increased significantly. Monitoring and maintenance, as the best means of preventing defects, are of paramount importance.

[0003] Tunnel lining cracks are one of the most common and harmful defects in tunnels. The condition of these cracks directly affects the stability and safety of the tunnel. Current monitoring of tunnel cracks mainly focuses on the number and size of cracks, which is a general monitoring approach and does not highlight the characteristics of tunnel cracks. Specifically, this manifests in the following aspects:

[0004] 1. Currently, instead of dividing the tunnel into monitoring areas, the tunnel is simply divided into areas and the cracks in each area are monitored. This is a large-scale monitoring approach that lacks specificity, has high monitoring costs, and involves a lot of monitoring content. It cannot achieve integrated monitoring of cracks, thus failing to improve the efficiency and convenience of crack monitoring. At the same time, it cannot ensure the monitoring effect of tunnel cracks, nor can it provide convenience and direction for the maintenance of tunnel cracks.

[0005] 2. Compared with ordinary buildings, tunnels generally have multiple pieces of equipment installed inside, such as lighting equipment and environmental monitoring equipment. The presence of these devices makes the structural stability of the area where they are installed relatively poor, and cracks are prone to water leakage, which can lead to corrosion and damage to the equipment. At the same time, the presence of these devices can also make the cracks more severe. Currently, there is no analysis of this, so the safety of the equipment inside the tunnel cannot be guaranteed.

[0006] 3. When there are significant temperature and humidity differences or strong vibrations in the tunnel, cracks are more likely to form and spread. Current crack monitoring has certain limitations, which cannot improve the reference value and timeliness of tunnel maintenance assessment results, thus failing to ensure timely tunnel maintenance and reduce the safety hazards to tunnel operation caused by tunnel cracks. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology, a tunnel maintenance intelligent monitoring platform based on sensor acquisition and analysis is proposed.

[0008] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] This invention provides an intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor data acquisition and analysis, comprising:

[0010] The tunnel crack information monitoring module is used to collect crack information inside the tunnel to be monitored. The crack information includes the number of cracks, the length, width, depth and location of each crack.

[0011] The crack monitoring area setting module is used to set the crack monitoring area according to the location of each crack inside the tunnel to be monitored, obtain the location of each crack monitoring area and crack information, and number each crack monitoring area sequentially as 1,2,...i,...n according to a preset order;

[0012] The preliminary repair assessment module is used to analyze and obtain the preliminary repair assessment index for each crack monitoring area based on the crack information corresponding to each crack monitoring area.

[0013] The tunnel operation and maintenance related information acquisition module is used to acquire equipment placement information and maintenance information in the tunnel to be monitored. Among them, the equipment placement information includes the number of equipment installed, the location and volume of each equipment, and the maintenance information includes the number of maintenance, the location of each maintenance, and the maintenance date.

[0014] The tunnel environmental information monitoring module is used to monitor the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area, including the highest temperature, lowest temperature, highest humidity, lowest humidity, concentrated vibration frequency, and traffic flow.

[0015] The crack development hazard assessment module is used to analyze and obtain the crack development hazard assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area based on the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area, the maintenance information and equipment placement information corresponding to the tunnel to be monitored.

[0016] The crack repair depth assessment module is used to conduct in-depth repair assessments of each crack monitoring area, obtain the comprehensive repair assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area, and confirm the number of areas that need repair and the location of each area that needs repair.

[0017] The crack repair feedback terminal is used to feed back the location of each monitored area with cracks that need repair to the maintenance management center of the tunnel to be monitored.

[0018] In one possible design, the setting of the crack monitoring area includes the following steps:

[0019] The cracks in the tunnel to be monitored are sorted in the direction of tunnel travel, and each crack is numbered in this sorting order. At the same time, the position of each crack is imported into the set three-dimensional reference position coordinate system to obtain the three-dimensional position coordinates of each crack.

[0020] The first crack in the tunnel to be monitored is taken as the starting crack, and the other cracks are taken as the cracks to be analyzed. Based on the three-dimensional position coordinates of the starting crack and each crack to be analyzed, the correlation evaluation index between the starting crack and each crack to be analyzed is obtained.

[0021] The correlation evaluation index between the starting crack and each crack to be analyzed is compared with the set standard correlation evaluation index. If the correlation evaluation index between the starting crack and a crack to be analyzed is greater than or equal to the standard correlation evaluation index, then the crack to be analyzed is regarded as the associated crack corresponding to the starting crack. The number of associated cracks corresponding to the starting crack is counted, and the number corresponding to each associated crack is extracted, thereby delineating the crack monitoring area corresponding to the starting crack.

[0022] Based on the initial crack and the corresponding numbers of each associated crack, the cracks are removed from the corresponding cracks in the tunnel to be monitored, and the remaining cracks are recorded as cracks to be screened. The corresponding numbers of each crack to be screened are extracted.

[0023] The crack ranked first to be screened is taken as the second starting crack. According to the delineation method of the crack monitoring area corresponding to the starting crack, the associated cracks and crack monitoring areas corresponding to the second starting crack are obtained. Then, each crack to be screened is analyzed in this way, thereby counting the number of crack monitoring areas and extracting the location corresponding to each crack monitoring area.

[0024] In one possible design, the correlation evaluation index analysis formula between the initial crack and each crack to be analyzed is as follows: β j Let represent the correlation evaluation index between the initial crack and the j-th crack to be analyzed, where j represents the crack number to be analyzed, j = 1, 2, ..., m, ΔL is the set permissible correlation distance difference, and (x0, y0, z0) are the three-dimensional position coordinates corresponding to the initial crack, (x... j ,y j ,z j ) represents the three-dimensional position coordinates corresponding to the j-th crack to be analyzed, σ is the set evaluation correction weight factor, and e represents the natural constant.

[0025] In one possible design, the delineation of the crack monitoring area corresponding to the initial crack is carried out as follows:

[0026] The location of the initial crack and the locations of each associated crack are obtained. Then, the distance between the initial crack and each associated crack is obtained, and the longest distance between the initial crack and its associated crack is selected and used as the regional reference length.

[0027] The region delineation length is obtained by analyzing the formula: region delineation length = region baseline length × correction ratio. The associated crack with the longest distance from the starting crack is taken as the target crack. Then, the midpoint between the starting crack position and the target crack position is obtained and taken as the center point of the region delineation.

[0028] Based on the three-dimensional position coordinates of the initial crack and each associated crack, the height difference between the initial crack and each associated crack is obtained. The maximum height difference is selected and used as the reference width of the region. The region delineation width is obtained by analyzing the formula: region delineation width = region reference width × correction ratio.

[0029] Based on the location of the center point of the delineation, the length of the delineation, and the width of the delineation, the crack monitoring area corresponding to the initial crack is constructed.

[0030] In one possible design, the analysis yields a preliminary maintenance assessment index for each crack monitoring area. The specific analysis process includes the following steps:

[0031] The number of cracks and their locations are extracted from the crack information within each crack monitoring area. The distances between crack locations within each monitoring area are then obtained. The average crack spacing within each monitoring area is calculated by averaging these values. The average crack spacing and the number of cracks within each monitoring area are denoted as L. i and S i i represents the crack monitoring area number, i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0032] The maximum crack length, maximum crack width, and maximum crack depth are selected from the crack information corresponding to each crack monitoring area and denoted as l. i k i and h i ;

[0033] By analyzing the formula Analysis yielded the preliminary maintenance assessment index δ for each crack monitoring area. i L′, S′, l′, k′, and h′ represent the set reference crack spacing, reference crack number, reference permissible crack length, reference permissible crack width, and reference permissible crack depth, respectively. ε1, ε2, ε3, ε4, and ε5 represent the maintenance assessment weight factors corresponding to the set crack spacing, crack number, crack length, crack width, and crack depth, respectively.

[0034] In one possible design, the analysis yields a crack development hazard assessment index for each crack monitoring area. The specific analysis process is as follows:

[0035] Based on the maintenance information corresponding to the tunnel to be monitored, maintenance matching analysis and maintenance hazard weight settings are performed on each crack monitoring area to obtain the maintenance hazard weight corresponding to each crack monitoring area, which is denoted as η. i ;

[0036] Based on the equipment information corresponding to the tunnel to be monitored, equipment matching analysis and equipment hazard weight settings are performed for each crack monitoring area to obtain the equipment hazard weight corresponding to each crack monitoring area, which is denoted as μ. i ;

[0037] The highest temperature, lowest temperature, highest humidity, and lowest humidity are extracted from the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area. The temperature difference and humidity difference corresponding to each crack monitoring area are obtained by subtracting them respectively, and are denoted as Δw. i and Δd i ;

[0038] The concentrated vibration frequency and traffic flow were extracted from the environmental information of each crack monitoring area and denoted as f. i and c i By analyzing the formula Analysis yielded the crack development hazard assessment index λ for each crack monitoring area. i τ1, τ2, τ3, and τ4 represent the weighting factors corresponding to the set temperature difference, humidity difference, vibration frequency, and traffic flow, respectively. Δw′, Δd′, f′, and c′ represent the set reference temperature difference, reference humidity difference, reference vibration frequency difference, and reference traffic flow, respectively. K is a set constant.

[0039] In one possible design, the specific execution process for performing maintenance matching analysis and setting maintenance hazard weights for each crack monitoring area is as follows:

[0040] The maintenance locations corresponding to each maintenance of the tunnel under monitoring are matched and compared with the locations corresponding to each crack monitoring area to obtain the number of matching maintenance for each crack monitoring area, and the maintenance dates corresponding to each matching maintenance for each crack monitoring area are extracted.

[0041] Based on the maintenance dates of each matched maintenance for each crack monitoring area, the interval between the first maintenance and the current maintenance for each crack monitoring area is obtained, denoted as T. i By analyzing formula p i =uT i i. Analysis yields the maintenance frequency p corresponding to each crack monitoring area. i u i This represents the number of matching repairs corresponding to the i-th crack monitoring area;

[0042] According to the formula The maintenance hazard weight η corresponding to each crack monitoring area was calculated. ia1 and a2 represent the weighting factors corresponding to the set number of repairs and repair frequency, respectively, and u′ and p′ represent the set reference number of repairs and reference repair frequency, respectively.

[0043] In one possible design, the specific execution process for performing equipment matching analysis and setting equipment hazard weights for each crack monitoring area is as follows:

[0044] The locations of each installed device within the tunnel to be monitored are matched and compared with the locations of each crack monitoring area to obtain the number of matched installed devices for each crack monitoring area. Simultaneously, the volume of each matched installed device for each crack monitoring area is extracted and denoted as b. i and V i r r represents the matching installation equipment number, r = 1, 2, ..., g;

[0045] According to the formula The analysis yielded the equipment hazard weight μ corresponding to each crack monitoring area. i a3 and a4 are the weighting factors corresponding to the set number of installation devices and the volume of installation devices, respectively, and b′ and V′ are the set number of reference devices and the permitted device volume in the crack area.

[0046] In one possible design, the specific formula for calculating the comprehensive maintenance assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area is as follows: WX i Let ζ1 and ζ2 represent the comprehensive maintenance assessment index corresponding to the i-th crack monitoring sub-region, and let ζ1 and ζ2 represent the weighting factors corresponding to the preliminary maintenance assessment and the crack development hazard assessment, respectively.

[0047] In one possible design, the process of confirming the number of areas requiring maintenance and the location of each area is as follows:

[0048] The comprehensive maintenance assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area is compared with the set early warning maintenance assessment index. If the comprehensive maintenance index corresponding to a crack monitoring area reaches the early warning maintenance assessment index, the crack monitoring area is recorded as a maintenance area. The number of maintenance areas is counted, and the corresponding number of each maintenance area is extracted. Based on the corresponding number of each maintenance area, the location of each maintenance area is obtained.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0050] (1) The intelligent tunnel maintenance monitoring platform based on sensor acquisition and analysis provided by this invention sets up crack monitoring areas and performs preliminary maintenance assessment, development hazard assessment and in-depth maintenance assessment for each crack monitoring area based on environmental information, crack information and operation and maintenance information of the tunnel to be monitored. Thus, the comprehensive maintenance assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area is obtained, and the number of areas requiring maintenance and the location of each area requiring maintenance are confirmed. On the one hand, it effectively solves the problem that the current tunnel crack monitoring method is too general, breaks the limitations of fixed periodic maintenance, saves the maintenance and monitoring cost of tunnel cracks, fits the tunnel operation scenario, and effectively ensures the reliability and reference of tunnel crack monitoring results. On the other hand, by performing crack maintenance analysis from four dimensions, namely the crack size itself, the environment corresponding to the crack area, maintenance information and equipment information in the tunnel to be monitored, multi-dimensional analysis of tunnel cracks is realized, which maximizes the accuracy, rationality and scientific nature of tunnel crack monitoring analysis, improves the monitoring strength of crack monitoring areas, ensures the timeliness of crack maintenance needs detection and response, thereby avoiding the further expansion of tunnel cracks and reducing the actual maintenance cost of tunnel cracks.

[0051] (2) The present invention sets a crack monitoring area module, which effectively reduces the monitoring range of tunnel cracks by setting the crack monitoring area, realizes targeted and integrated crack monitoring, effectively improves the monitoring efficiency and convenience of cracks, thereby effectively ensuring the monitoring effect of tunnel cracks, and also provides convenience and maintenance direction for the subsequent maintenance of tunnel cracks.

[0052] (3) In the crack development hazard assessment module of this invention, the tunnel development hazard assessment is carried out based on the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area, the maintenance information of the tunnel to be monitored, and the equipment placement information. On the one hand, it avoids the shortcomings of the current single assessment mode, effectively expands the theoretical basis of crack maintenance assessment, and intuitively reflects the hazard status of equipment in each crack monitoring area, thereby blocking the further development of cracks to the greatest extent and reducing the damage rate of equipment. On the other hand, it breaks the limitations of the current crack monitoring method, improves the reference and timeliness of tunnel maintenance assessment results, thereby ensuring the timeliness of subsequent maintenance and minimizing the safety hazards of subsequent tunnel operation and the difficulty of subsequent tunnel maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0053] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the connections of the various modules in the system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The following description, in conjunction with the implementation of this invention, is merely an example and illustration of the concept of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the inventive concept or exceed the scope defined in these claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0056] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a tunnel maintenance intelligent monitoring platform based on sensor acquisition and analysis, including a tunnel crack information monitoring module, a crack monitoring area setting module, a crack maintenance preliminary assessment module, a tunnel operation and maintenance related information acquisition module, a tunnel environmental information monitoring module, a crack development hazard assessment module, a crack maintenance depth assessment module, and a crack maintenance feedback terminal.

[0057] In the above, the preliminary assessment module for crack repair is connected to the crack monitoring area setting module and the crack repair depth assessment module, respectively; the tunnel crack information monitoring module is connected to the crack monitoring area setting module; the crack development hazard assessment module is connected to the tunnel operation and maintenance related information acquisition module, the tunnel environmental information monitoring module, and the crack repair depth assessment module, respectively; and the crack repair feedback terminal is connected to the crack repair depth assessment module.

[0058] The tunnel crack information monitoring module is used to collect crack information corresponding to the internal lining of the tunnel to be monitored. The crack information includes the number of cracks, the length, width, depth and location of each crack.

[0059] The crack monitoring area setting module is used to set crack monitoring areas according to the location of each crack inside the tunnel to be monitored, obtain the location of each crack monitoring area and crack information, and number each crack monitoring area sequentially as 1, 2, ... i, ... n according to a preset order;

[0060] The above describes the setting of the crack monitoring area, which includes the following steps:

[0061] A1. Sort the cracks in the tunnel to be monitored in the order of the tunnel's direction of travel, and number each crack in this order. At the same time, import the position of each crack into the set three-dimensional reference position coordinate system to obtain the three-dimensional position coordinates of each crack.

[0062] A2. The first crack in the tunnel to be monitored is taken as the initial crack, and the other cracks are taken as cracks to be analyzed. Based on the three-dimensional position coordinates of the initial crack and each crack to be analyzed, the analysis formula is used... The analysis yielded the correlation evaluation index β between the initial crack and each crack to be analyzed. j j represents the crack number to be analyzed, j = 1, 2, ..., m, ΔL is the set permissible distance difference for association, and (x0, y0, z0) are the three-dimensional position coordinates corresponding to the initial crack. j ,y j ,z j ) represents the three-dimensional position coordinates corresponding to the j-th crack to be analyzed, σ is the set evaluation correction weight factor, and e represents the natural constant;

[0063] A3. Compare the correlation evaluation index between the starting crack and each crack to be analyzed with the set standard correlation evaluation index. If the correlation evaluation index between the starting crack and a crack to be analyzed is greater than or equal to the standard correlation evaluation index, then the crack to be analyzed is regarded as the associated crack corresponding to the starting crack. Count the number of associated cracks corresponding to the starting crack and extract the number corresponding to each associated crack to delineate the crack monitoring area corresponding to the starting crack.

[0064] It should be noted that the crack monitoring area corresponding to the initial crack is delineated, and the specific delineation process is as follows:

[0065] A3-1. Obtain the location of the initial crack and the location of each associated crack corresponding to the initial crack, then obtain the distance between the initial crack and each associated crack, and filter out the longest distance between the initial crack and its associated cracks, and use it as the regional reference length.

[0066] A3-2. The delineation length of the region is obtained by analyzing the formula: region delineation length = region baseline length × correction ratio. The associated crack with the longest distance from the starting crack is taken as the target crack. Then, the midpoint between the starting crack position and the target crack position is obtained and taken as the center point of the region delineation.

[0067] A3-3. Based on the three-dimensional position coordinates of the initial crack and each associated crack, the height difference between the initial crack and each associated crack is obtained. The maximum height difference is selected and used as the reference width of the region. The region delineation width is obtained by analyzing the formula: region delineation width = region reference width × correction ratio.

[0068] The formula for calculating the height difference between the initial crack and its associated cracks is ΔG. j =|z0-z j |,ΔG j The z0 represents the height difference between the initial crack and its j-th associated crack, and the z0 represents the component of the initial crack in the Z-axis direction in the set three-dimensional reference position coordinate system. j This represents the component of the j-th associated crack in the Z-axis direction within the defined three-dimensional reference coordinate system;

[0069] A3-4. Based on the location of the center point of the delineation, the length of the delineation, and the width of the delineation, construct the crack monitoring area corresponding to the initial crack.

[0070] A4. Based on the initial crack and the corresponding numbers of each associated crack, remove the cracks from each crack in the tunnel to be monitored to obtain the remaining cracks, which are recorded as each crack to be screened. Extract the sequence number corresponding to each crack to be screened.

[0071] A5. The crack to be screened at the top of the ranking is taken as the second starting crack. According to the delineation method of the crack monitoring area corresponding to the starting crack, the associated cracks and crack monitoring areas corresponding to the second starting crack are obtained. Then, each crack to be screened is analyzed in this way, thereby counting the number of crack monitoring areas and extracting the location corresponding to each crack monitoring area.

[0072] In this embodiment of the invention, the crack monitoring area setting module effectively narrows the monitoring range of tunnel cracks by setting the crack monitoring area, realizing targeted and integrated crack monitoring, effectively improving the monitoring efficiency and convenience of cracks, thereby effectively ensuring the monitoring effect of tunnel cracks, and also providing convenience and maintenance direction for subsequent maintenance of tunnel cracks.

[0073] The crack repair preliminary assessment module is used to analyze and obtain the preliminary repair assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area based on the crack information corresponding to each crack monitoring area.

[0074] Specifically, the preliminary maintenance assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area was obtained through analysis. The specific analysis process includes the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Extract the number of cracks and the location of each crack from the crack information corresponding to each crack monitoring area. Then, obtain the distance between the locations of each crack in each crack monitoring area. Calculate the average crack spacing in each crack monitoring area by averaging the values. Let L be the average crack spacing and the number of cracks in each crack monitoring area. i and S ii represents the crack monitoring area number, i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0076] Step 2: Select the maximum crack length, maximum crack width, and maximum crack depth from the crack information corresponding to each crack monitoring area, and denot them as l. i k i and h i ;

[0077] Step 3: Analyze the formula Analysis yielded the preliminary maintenance assessment index δ for each crack monitoring area. i L′, S′, l′, k′, and h′ represent the set reference crack spacing, reference crack number, reference permissible crack length, reference permissible crack width, and reference permissible crack depth, respectively. ε1, ε2, ε3, ε4, and ε5 represent the maintenance assessment weight factors corresponding to the set crack spacing, crack number, crack length, crack width, and crack depth, respectively.

[0078] In one specific embodiment, dense, numerous, and large-sized cracks pose a significantly higher risk than scattered and small cracks. The density of cracks can be clearly reflected by the spacing between each crack, so the spacing and number of cracks are analyzed.

[0079] The tunnel operation and maintenance related information acquisition module is used to acquire equipment placement information and maintenance information in the tunnel to be monitored. The equipment placement information includes the number of installed equipment, the location and volume of each installed equipment, and the maintenance information includes the number of maintenance, the maintenance location and maintenance date of each maintenance.

[0080] The tunnel environmental information monitoring module is used to monitor the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area, including the highest temperature, lowest temperature, highest humidity, lowest humidity, concentrated vibration frequency, and traffic flow.

[0081] It should be noted that environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area is monitored, specifically including:

[0082] Temperatures are monitored by temperature sensors installed in each crack monitoring area during each monitoring period within the monitoring cycle, and the highest and lowest temperatures corresponding to each crack monitoring area are extracted from the data.

[0083] The humidity of each crack monitoring area is monitored by humidity sensors installed in each crack monitoring area during each monitoring time period within the monitoring period, and the highest and lowest humidity corresponding to each crack monitoring area is extracted from the data.

[0084] By monitoring the vibration frequency of each vibration sensor installed in each crack monitoring area within each monitoring time period of the monitoring period, the vibration frequency of each vibration sensor in each crack monitoring area within each monitoring time period is compared with each other to obtain the number of monitoring times corresponding to each vibration frequency in each crack monitoring area. The vibration frequency with the most monitoring times is taken as the concentrated vibration frequency corresponding to each crack monitoring area.

[0085] The traffic flow of the tunnel under monitoring is monitored by cameras installed at each entrance of the tunnel under monitoring during each monitoring time period within the monitoring period, thereby calculating the total traffic flow of the tunnel under monitoring within the monitoring period.

[0086] The highest temperature, lowest temperature, highest humidity, lowest humidity, concentrated vibration frequency, and traffic flow were used as the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area.

[0087] The crack development hazard assessment module is used to analyze and obtain the crack development hazard assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area based on the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area, the maintenance information and equipment placement information corresponding to the tunnel to be monitored.

[0088] Specifically, the crack development hazard assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area was obtained through analysis. The specific analysis process is as follows:

[0089] B1. Based on the maintenance information corresponding to the tunnel to be monitored, perform maintenance matching analysis and set maintenance hazard weights for each crack monitoring area to obtain the maintenance hazard weights corresponding to each crack monitoring area, and denot them as η. i ;

[0090] For example, maintenance matching analysis and maintenance hazard weight settings are performed for each crack monitoring area. The specific execution process is as follows:

[0091] B1-1. Match and compare the maintenance location corresponding to each maintenance of the tunnel to be monitored with the location corresponding to each crack monitoring area to obtain the number of matching maintenance corresponding to each crack monitoring area, and extract the maintenance date of each matching maintenance corresponding to each crack monitoring area.

[0092] B1-2. Based on the maintenance dates of each matched maintenance corresponding to each crack monitoring area, the interval between the first maintenance and the current maintenance for each crack monitoring area is obtained, denoted as T. i By analyzing the formula Analysis yielded the maintenance frequency p corresponding to each crack monitoring area. i u i This represents the number of matching repairs corresponding to the i-th crack monitoring area;

[0093] B1-3, Based on the formula The maintenance hazard weight η corresponding to each crack monitoring area was calculated.i a1 and a2 represent the weighting factors corresponding to the set number of repairs and repair frequency, respectively, and u′ and p′ represent the set reference number of repairs and reference repair frequency, respectively.

[0094] B2. Based on the equipment information corresponding to the tunnel to be monitored, perform equipment matching analysis and set equipment hazard weights for each crack monitoring area to obtain the equipment hazard weights corresponding to each crack monitoring area, and denote them as μ. i ;

[0095] For example, equipment matching analysis and equipment hazard weighting are performed for each crack monitoring area. The specific execution process is as follows:

[0096] B2-1. Match and compare the locations of each installed device within the tunnel to be monitored with the locations of each crack monitoring area to obtain the number of matched installed devices for each crack monitoring area. Simultaneously, extract the volume of each matched installed device for each crack monitoring area and record it as b. i and V i r r represents the matching installation equipment number, r = 1, 2, ..., g;

[0097] B2-2, Based on the formula The analysis yielded the equipment hazard weight μ corresponding to each crack monitoring area. i a3 and a4 are the weighting factors corresponding to the set number of installation devices and the volume of installation devices, respectively; b′ and V′ are the set number of reference devices and the permitted device volume in the crack area.

[0098] B3. Extract the highest temperature, lowest temperature, highest humidity, and lowest humidity from the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area, and calculate the difference between them to obtain the temperature difference and humidity difference for each crack monitoring area, denoted as Δw. i and Δd i ;

[0099] B4. Extract the concentrated vibration frequency and traffic flow from the environmental information of each crack monitoring area, and denot them as f. i and c i By analyzing the formula Analysis yielded the crack development hazard assessment index λ for each crack monitoring area. i τ1, τ2, τ3, and τ4 represent the weighting factors corresponding to the set temperature difference, humidity difference, vibration frequency, and traffic flow, respectively. Δw′, Δd′, f′, and c′ represent the set reference temperature difference, reference humidity difference, reference vibration frequency difference, and reference traffic flow, respectively. K is a set constant.

[0100] In one specific embodiment, the greater the traffic volume, the easier it is to cause resonance in the tunnel lining, and the greater the impact on tunnel cracks. The higher the temperature difference, humidity difference, and vibration frequency, the greater the probability of crack propagation, and therefore the greater the potential for crack development.

[0101] In the crack development hazard assessment module of this invention, the potential hazards of tunnel development are assessed based on environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area, maintenance information of the tunnel to be monitored, and equipment placement information. On the one hand, this avoids the shortcomings of the current single assessment mode, effectively expands the theoretical basis of crack maintenance assessment, and intuitively reflects the hazard status of equipment in each crack monitoring area, thereby maximally preventing the further development of cracks and reducing the equipment damage rate. On the other hand, it breaks through the limitations of the current crack monitoring method, improves the reference and timeliness of tunnel maintenance assessment results, thereby ensuring the timeliness of subsequent maintenance and minimizing the safety hazards and maintenance difficulties of subsequent tunnel operations.

[0102] The crack repair depth assessment module is used to conduct a depth repair assessment of each crack monitoring area, obtain the comprehensive repair assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area, and confirm the number of areas that need repair and the location of each area that needs repair.

[0103] Specifically, the formula for calculating the comprehensive maintenance assessment index for each crack monitoring area is as follows: WX i Let ζ1 and ζ2 represent the comprehensive maintenance assessment index corresponding to the i-th crack monitoring sub-region, and let ζ1 and ζ2 represent the weighting factors corresponding to the preliminary maintenance assessment and the crack development hazard assessment, respectively.

[0104] Furthermore, confirm the number of areas requiring maintenance and the location of each area. The specific confirmation process is as follows:

[0105] The comprehensive maintenance assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area is compared with the set early warning maintenance assessment index. If the comprehensive maintenance index corresponding to a crack monitoring area reaches the early warning maintenance assessment index, the crack monitoring area is recorded as a maintenance area. The number of maintenance areas is counted, and the corresponding number of each maintenance area is extracted. Based on the corresponding number of each maintenance area, the location of each maintenance area is obtained.

[0106] The crack repair feedback terminal is used to feed back the location of each crack monitoring area that needs repair to the tunnel maintenance management center.

[0107] This invention, through setting crack monitoring areas and conducting preliminary maintenance assessments, potential hazard assessments, and in-depth maintenance assessments based on environmental information, crack information, and operation and maintenance information of the tunnel under monitoring, yields a comprehensive maintenance assessment index for each crack monitoring area. It also confirms the number of areas requiring maintenance and their corresponding locations. This effectively addresses the problem of overly general tunnel crack monitoring methods, overcomes the limitations of fixed-cycle maintenance, saves on tunnel crack maintenance and monitoring costs, aligns with tunnel operation scenarios, and effectively ensures the reliability and reference value of tunnel crack monitoring results. Furthermore, by analyzing crack maintenance from four dimensions—crack size, the environment of the crack's location, maintenance information within the monitored tunnel, and equipment information—it achieves multi-dimensional analysis of tunnel cracks, maximizing the accuracy, rationality, and scientific rigor of tunnel crack monitoring and analysis. This improves the monitoring intensity of crack monitoring areas, ensures timely detection and response to crack maintenance needs, prevents further expansion of tunnel cracks, and ultimately reduces the actual maintenance cost of tunnel cracks.

[0108] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel maintenance intelligent monitoring platform based on sensor data acquisition and analysis, characterized in that... ,include: The tunnel crack information monitoring module is used to collect crack information inside the tunnel to be monitored. The crack information includes the number of cracks, the length, width, depth and location of each crack. The crack monitoring area setting module is used to set the crack monitoring area according to the location of each crack inside the tunnel to be monitored, obtain the location of each crack monitoring area and crack information, and number each crack monitoring area sequentially as 1,2,...i,...n according to a preset order; The preliminary repair assessment module is used to analyze and obtain the preliminary repair assessment index for each crack monitoring area based on the crack information corresponding to each crack monitoring area. The tunnel operation and maintenance related information acquisition module is used to acquire equipment placement information and maintenance information within the tunnel to be monitored. The equipment placement information includes the number of installed devices, the location and volume of each device, and the maintenance information includes the number of maintenance operations, the location of each maintenance operation, and the maintenance date. The tunnel environmental information monitoring module is used to monitor the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area, including the highest temperature, lowest temperature, highest humidity, lowest humidity, concentrated vibration frequency, and traffic flow. The crack development hazard assessment module is used to analyze and obtain the crack development hazard assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area based on the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area, the maintenance information and equipment placement information corresponding to the tunnel to be monitored. The analysis yielded a crack development hazard assessment index for each crack monitoring area. The specific analysis process is as follows: Based on the maintenance information corresponding to the tunnel to be monitored, maintenance matching analysis and maintenance hazard weight settings are performed for each crack monitoring area to obtain the maintenance hazard weight corresponding to each crack monitoring area, and recorded as follows: ; Based on the equipment information corresponding to the tunnel to be monitored, equipment matching analysis and equipment hazard weight settings are performed for each crack monitoring area to obtain the equipment hazard weight corresponding to each crack monitoring area, and recorded as follows: ; The highest temperature, lowest temperature, highest humidity, and lowest humidity were extracted from the environmental information corresponding to each crack monitoring area. The temperature difference and humidity difference for each crack monitoring area were then calculated and denoted as follows: and ; The concentrated vibration frequency and traffic flow were extracted from the environmental information of each crack monitoring area and denoted as follows: and By analyzing the formula Analysis yielded the crack development hazard assessment index for each crack monitoring area. , These represent the weighting factors corresponding to the set temperature difference, humidity difference, vibration frequency, and traffic flow, respectively. These are respectively represented as the set reference temperature difference, reference humidity difference, reference vibration frequency difference, and reference traffic flow, with K being a set constant; The crack repair depth assessment module is used to conduct in-depth repair assessments of each crack monitoring area, obtain the comprehensive repair assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area, and confirm the number of areas that need repair and the location of each area that needs repair. The crack repair feedback terminal is used to feed back the location of each monitored area with cracks that need repair to the maintenance management center of the tunnel to be monitored.

2. The intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor acquisition and analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of setting the crack monitoring area includes the following steps: The cracks in the tunnel to be monitored are sorted in the direction of tunnel travel, and each crack is numbered in this sorting order. At the same time, the position of each crack is imported into the set three-dimensional reference position coordinate system to obtain the three-dimensional position coordinates of each crack. The first crack in the tunnel to be monitored is taken as the starting crack, and the other cracks are taken as the cracks to be analyzed. Based on the three-dimensional position coordinates of the starting crack and each crack to be analyzed, the correlation evaluation index between the starting crack and each crack to be analyzed is obtained. The correlation evaluation index between the starting crack and each crack to be analyzed is compared with the set standard correlation evaluation index. If the correlation evaluation index between the starting crack and a crack to be analyzed is greater than or equal to the standard correlation evaluation index, then the crack to be analyzed is regarded as the associated crack corresponding to the starting crack. The number of associated cracks corresponding to the starting crack is counted, and the number corresponding to each associated crack is extracted, thereby delineating the crack monitoring area corresponding to the starting crack. Based on the initial crack and the corresponding numbers of each associated crack, the cracks are removed from the corresponding cracks in the tunnel to be monitored, and the remaining cracks are recorded as cracks to be screened. The corresponding numbers of each crack to be screened are extracted. The crack ranked first to be screened is taken as the second starting crack. According to the delineation method of the crack monitoring area corresponding to the starting crack, the associated cracks and crack monitoring areas corresponding to the second starting crack are obtained. Then, each crack to be screened is analyzed in this way, thereby counting the number of crack monitoring areas and extracting the location corresponding to each crack monitoring area.

3. The intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor acquisition and analysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The correlation evaluation index analysis formula between the initial crack and each crack to be analyzed is as follows: , This represents the correlation evaluation index between the initial crack and the j-th crack to be analyzed, where j represents the crack number to be analyzed, j=1,2,...m. For the set associated permission distance difference, These are the three-dimensional coordinates corresponding to the initial crack. Let J be the three-dimensional coordinates of the j-th crack to be analyzed. The evaluation correction weighting factor is set, where e represents the natural constant.

4. The intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor acquisition and analysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crack monitoring area corresponding to the initial crack is delineated, and the specific delineation process is as follows: The location of the initial crack and the locations of each associated crack are obtained. Then, the distance between the initial crack and each associated crack is obtained, and the longest distance between the initial crack and its associated crack is selected and used as the regional reference length. By analyzing the formula The analysis yields the delineation length of the region, and the associated crack with the longest distance from the starting crack is taken as the target crack. Then, the midpoint between the starting crack position and the target crack position is obtained and used as the center point of the delineation of the region. Based on the three-dimensional position coordinates of the initial crack and its corresponding associated cracks, the height differences between the initial crack and its associated cracks are obtained. The maximum height difference is then selected and used as the reference width for the region. This is then calculated using the formula... The analysis yields the width of the demarcated region; Based on the location of the center point of the delineation, the length of the delineation, and the width of the delineation, the crack monitoring area corresponding to the initial crack is constructed.

5. The intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor acquisition and analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis yields preliminary maintenance assessment indices for each crack monitoring area. The specific analysis process includes the following steps: The number of cracks and their locations are extracted from the crack information within each crack monitoring area. The distances between crack locations within each monitoring area are then obtained. The average crack spacing within each monitoring area is calculated using the mean value. The average crack spacing and the number of cracks within each monitoring area are denoted as follows: and i represents the crack monitoring area number, i=1,2,......n; The maximum crack length, maximum crack width, and maximum crack depth are selected from the crack information corresponding to each crack monitoring area and denoted as follows: and ; By analyzing the formula Analysis yielded preliminary maintenance assessment indices for each crack monitoring area. , These are respectively represented as the set reference crack spacing, reference crack number, reference permissible crack length, reference permissible crack width, and reference permissible crack depth. These represent the maintenance assessment weight factors corresponding to the set crack spacing, crack number, crack length, crack width, and crack depth, respectively.

6. The intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor acquisition and analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific execution process for performing maintenance matching analysis and setting maintenance hazard weights for each crack monitoring area is as follows: The maintenance locations corresponding to each maintenance of the tunnel under monitoring are matched and compared with the locations corresponding to each crack monitoring area to obtain the number of matching maintenance for each crack monitoring area, and the maintenance dates corresponding to each matching maintenance for each crack monitoring area are extracted. Based on the maintenance dates corresponding to each matched maintenance for each crack monitoring area, the interval between the first maintenance and the current maintenance for each crack monitoring area is obtained, denoted as . By analyzing the formula The analysis yielded the maintenance frequency corresponding to each crack monitoring area. , This represents the number of matching repairs corresponding to the i-th crack monitoring area; According to the formula The maintenance hazard weights corresponding to each crack monitoring area were calculated. , These represent the weighting factors corresponding to the set number of repairs and repair frequency, respectively. These are the set reference number of repairs and reference repair frequency, respectively.

7. The intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor acquisition and analysis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific process for performing equipment matching analysis and setting equipment hazard weights for each crack monitoring area is as follows: The locations of each installed device within the tunnel to be monitored are matched and compared with the locations of each crack monitoring area to obtain the number of matched installed devices for each crack monitoring area. Simultaneously, the volume of each matched installed device for each crack monitoring area is extracted and recorded as follows: as well as r represents the matching installation equipment number, r=1,2,......g; According to the formula The analysis yielded the equipment hazard weights corresponding to each crack monitoring area. , These are the weighting factors corresponding to the set number of installation devices and the volume of the installation devices, respectively. The number of reference devices and the permitted device volume for the defined crack area.

8. The intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor acquisition and analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific formula for calculating the comprehensive maintenance assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area is as follows: , Let be the comprehensive maintenance assessment index corresponding to the i-th crack monitoring sub-region. These represent the weighting factors corresponding to the initial maintenance assessment and the assessment of potential crack development, respectively.

9. The intelligent monitoring platform for tunnel maintenance based on sensor acquisition and analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process for confirming the number of areas requiring repair and the location of each area is as follows: The comprehensive maintenance assessment index corresponding to each crack monitoring area is compared with the set early warning maintenance assessment index. If the comprehensive maintenance index corresponding to a crack monitoring area reaches the early warning maintenance assessment index, the crack monitoring area is recorded as a maintenance area. The number of maintenance areas is counted, and the corresponding number of each maintenance area is extracted. Based on the corresponding number of each maintenance area, the location of each maintenance area is obtained.

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