Railway construction support structure

Abstract

This invention provides a railway construction support structure that effectively solves the problems of existing methods using wooden planks to support uneven roof walls, such as gaps between the planks and the recesses, resulting in a small support contact area, and the planks being suspended in the middle and subjected to force at both ends when supporting the roof walls of arched caves, making the middle of the planks prone to bending or breakage. The structure includes a base, with a load-bearing column fixedly connected to its top. Two lifting columns are slidably connected to the inner sides of the load-bearing column. Each lifting column has a support shell fixedly connected to its top. Each support shell has multiple helical screws rotatably connected to its top. Each helical screw has a support column threadedly connected to its top, and each support column has a load-bearing device rotatably connected to its top.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway construction technology, specifically a railway construction support structure. Background Technology

[0002] When building high-speed railways within cities, the railway is often built by passing under the ground. However, in mountainous areas, the more economical and effective method is to build tunnels. Whether it is passing under the ground within a city or building tunnels in mountainous areas, support structures are needed to support the top of the tunnel during the early stages of construction.

[0003] Traditional support structures are similar to scaffolding, using steel pipes and wooden planks for construction. The planks are placed tightly against the inner wall of the hole or tunnel, and the steel pipes are placed under the planks for support. However, after drilling, the ceiling of the hole may have some unevenness, or when the hole is arched, the planks cannot be adjusted according to the inner wall they are in contact with when using planks and steel pipes for support.

[0004] When the wooden board comes into contact with the uneven inner wall, it can only contact the raised side, leaving a gap between it and the concave side. This results in a small supporting contact area. When supporting the arched inner wall, because the template is straight, it cannot fit well against the arch surface, causing the middle of the wooden board to be suspended while the ends are stressed. If the supporting force is located in the middle of the wooden board when supporting the inner wall, the middle of the wooden board is prone to bending or breaking.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a railway construction support structure to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a railway construction support structure, which effectively solves the problems of gaps between the wooden planks and the concave parts when supporting the concave and convex top walls, resulting in a small support contact surface, and the middle part of the wooden plank being suspended while the two ends are stressed when supporting the top wall of the arched cave, making it easy for the middle part of the wooden plank to bend or break.

[0007] This invention relates to a railway construction support structure, comprising a base, a load-bearing column fixedly connected to the top of the base, two lifting columns slidably connected to the inside sides of the load-bearing column, a support shell fixedly connected to the top of each lifting column, multiple helical screws rotatably connected to the top of each support shell, a support column threadedly connected to the top of each helical screw, and a load-bearing device rotatably connected to the top of each support column. The load-bearing device specifically comprises: a first load-bearing plate rotatably connected to the top of the support column away from the center of the lifting column of each support shell; a second load-bearing plate rotatably connected to the top of the support column near the center of the lifting column of each support shell; a third load-bearing plate rotatably connected to the top of the remaining support columns of each support shell; a connecting plate rotatably connected to the end of each first load-bearing plate and the third load-bearing plate near the center of the lifting column; a first sliding plate slidably connected to the end of each connecting plate near the center of the lifting column; a second sliding plate slidably connected to the end of each second load-bearing plate and the third load-bearing plate away from the center of the lifting column; each adjacent first sliding plate and second sliding plate being hinged to each other; and a pressure sensor fixedly connected to the top of each first load-bearing plate, second load-bearing plate, and third load-bearing plate.

[0008] Preferably, the left and right sides of the bottom of the load-bearing column are rotatably connected to transmission screws, and the top of each transmission screw is threadedly connected to two lifting columns.

[0009] Preferably, each of the lifting columns has a transmission chamber at its lower interior. A motor is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the load-bearing column. A drive sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the motor. Driven sprockets are rotatably connected to both sides of the drive sprocket. A single chain is installed between the drive sprocket and the two driven sprockets. Each driven sprocket is coaxially fixedly connected to a guide rod with a groove. A drive gear with a convex key is rotatably connected to the interior of each transmission chamber, coaxial with the guide rod. The convex key of each drive gear slides within the groove of the corresponding guide rod. A driven gear that meshes with the drive gear is rotatably connected to the side of each transmission chamber closest to the center of the load-bearing column. Each driven gear is coaxially fixedly connected to a transmission rod.

[0010] Preferably, the top end of each transmission rod extends into the support shell, and multiple transmission shafts coaxial with the screw are rotatably connected inside each support shell. The bottom ends of the multiple transmission shafts are coaxially fixedly connected to pulleys, and the same belt strip is installed on the outer side of each pulley. The bottom end of the transmission shaft near the center of the load-bearing column inside the support shell is coaxially fixedly connected to the top end of the transmission rod.

[0011] Preferably, each of the drive shafts has a support shell extending from its top end, and the portion of each drive shaft extending from the support shell has a groove. Each of the screw rods is hollow inside and has a groove at its bottom end. Each screw rod has a slot at its bottom inside, and a spring is fixedly connected to the bottom inside the slot. A first gear with a convex key is slidably connected up and down inside the slot. The first gear is coaxial with the drive shaft and slides within the groove of the corresponding drive shaft. A rotator is coaxially rotatably connected to the top end of the first gear.

[0012] Preferably, each of the spiral screws has a second gear rotatably connected to its inner top end and fixedly connected to the drive shaft on the same axis. Each of the spiral screws also has a fixed ring fixedly connected to its inner top end. Multiple third gears are rotatably connected between the fixed ring and the second gear. Each third gear meshes with the second gear and rotates within the fixed ring. One of the multiple third gears is coaxially fixedly connected to a guide screw, while the other three gears are coaxially fixedly connected to guide shafts. The bottom end of the guide screw has no spiral teeth. Rotators that are threadedly connected to the guide screw are slidably connected to the outer sides of the multiple guide shafts.

[0013] Preferably, each of the spiral screws has multiple rotating claws rotatably connected to its inner bottom end. Each rotating claw has a ball joint with a ball hinge near the center of the spiral screw. Each rotating claw has a slider slidably connected to its bottom end from left to right. Each slider has a support shaft rotatably connected to its bottom end from up to down. Multiple support shafts extend out of the bottom of the spiral screw and are fixedly connected to a connecting ring with a groove at its bottom end. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the support shell. The top end of the electric telescopic rod is slidably connected to the groove at the bottom end of the connecting ring.

[0014] This invention utilizes a screw rod and support column. When the load-bearing plate is pressed tightly against the top wall, a pressure sensor detects pressure, triggering the extension of an electric telescopic rod. This extension causes the connecting ring to move the support shaft upwards, which in turn moves the slider upwards, causing the rotating pawl to rotate. Once the pawl rotates, it releases the limit on the first gear. After rotation, a spring in the slot ejects the first gear, which then moves the rotator upwards. When the first gear is in the slot, the section connecting the rotator and the guide screw has no threads. After the rotator moves upwards, the threads of the rotator and the guide screw connect, causing the top of the transmission shaft to rotate the second gear. The rotation of the second gear then drives the third gear to rotate, causing it to move in a circular motion within the fixed ring. The rotation of the third gear then begins to drive the rotator upwards. The guide shaft guides the rotator, causing the first gear to rise. This allows the first gear to idle inside the screw, while the screw stops rotating, fixing the support column. This process doesn't affect the rotation of the other screws, allowing them to continue rising until the remaining support plates are pressed against the cave wall. Once one support plate is fixed, the angle can be automatically adjusted based on the height difference between the two support plates through the rotation of the connecting plate and the sliding of the first and second sliding plates. This self-adjustment is achieved for different concave / convex or arched ceiling walls. This effectively solves the problems of small contact area, poor support effect, and easy damage to wooden boards when using existing wooden boards to support the inner walls of concave / convex or arched caves. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the load-bearing column of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the load-bearing device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the support shell of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the load-bearing device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first gear of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screw rod of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the spiral lead screw of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the spiral lead screw of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged diagram of point B in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are described in conjunction with the appendix below. Figures 1 to 11 The detailed description of the embodiments will make this clear. All structural details mentioned in the following embodiments are based on the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1: The present invention is a railway construction support structure, including a base 1, a load-bearing column 2 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, two lifting columns 3 slidably connected to the inside sides of the load-bearing column 2, a support shell 5 fixedly connected to the top of each lifting column 3, a plurality of spiral screws 6 rotatably connected to the top of each support shell 5, a support column 7 threadedly connected to the top of each spiral screw 6, and a load-bearing device rotatably connected to the top of each support column 7. The load-bearing device is specifically as follows: a first load-bearing plate 34 is rotatably connected to the top of the support column 7 of each support shell 5 away from the center of the lifting column 3; a second load-bearing plate 35 is rotatably connected to the top of the support column 7 of each support shell 5 near the center of the lifting column 3; a third load-bearing plate 36 is rotatably connected to the top of the remaining support columns 7 of each support shell 5; a connecting plate 37 is rotatably connected to the end of each first load-bearing plate 34 and third load-bearing plate 36 near the center of the lifting column 3; a first sliding plate 38 is slidably connected to the end of each connecting plate 37 near the center of the lifting column 3; a second sliding plate 39 is slidably connected to the end of each second load-bearing plate 35 and third load-bearing plate 36 away from the center of the lifting column 3; each adjacent first sliding plate 38 and second sliding plate 39 are hinged to each other; and a pressure sensor 40 is fixedly connected to the top of each first load-bearing plate 34, second load-bearing plate 35 and third load-bearing plate 36.

[0029] In this embodiment, in the initial state, the device is first moved to the position where the top wall needs to be supported, and the two lifting columns 3 are raised to a certain position, so that the support shell 5 and the top wall are still at a certain distance, allowing the support column 7 to move. After the lifting column 3 is fixed, the screw rod 6 is rotated, which causes the support column 7 to rise. When the support column 7 rises to a certain position, the load-bearing plate is pressed tightly against the top wall of the cave, and one of the screw rods 6 stops rotating, fixing its top support column 7, but at the same time, it does not affect the rotation of the other screw rods 6, allowing the other screw rods 6 to continue to rise until the remaining load-bearing plates are pressed tightly against the inner wall of the cave. When one load-bearing plate is fixed, through the rotation of the connecting plate 37 and the sliding of the first sliding plate 38 and the second sliding plate 39, the adjacent load-bearing plates can adjust their angles according to the different heights between the two load-bearing plates, thus completing the self-adjustment for different concave and convex top walls and arched top walls.

[0030] In Example 2, based on Example 1, in order to enable the driving device to drive the transmission screw 4 to rotate, thereby causing the transmission screw 4 to rotate and move the lifting column 3, so as to realize the height adjustment of the lifting column 3 to facilitate support of the cave ceiling, this invention provides a transmission structure to ensure that the height of the lifting column 3 can be adjusted to facilitate support of the cave ceiling. Specifically, the left and right sides of the bottom of the load-bearing column 2 are rotatably connected to the transmission screw 4. The upper part of each transmission screw 4 is threadedly connected to two lifting columns 3. Both transmission screws 4 are connected to the driving device. The driving device is used to rotate the transmission screw 4 to raise the two lifting columns 3 to a certain position, so that the support shell 5 and the ceiling wall still maintain a certain distance to allow the support column 7 to move. When the lifting column 3 is fixed, the spiral screw 6 rotates, and the rotation of the spiral screw 6 causes the support column 7 to rise.

[0031] In Example 3, based on Example 2, to enable the motor 9 to drive the transmission rod 16 to rotate, and in turn, to drive all the screw rods 6 to rotate, thus achieving the support of the load-bearing plate for top walls of different shapes, this invention provides a transmission structure to ensure that the load-bearing plate can support top walls of different shapes. Specifically, each of the lifting columns 3 has a transmission chamber 8 at its lower interior. The motor 9 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the load-bearing column 2. The top of the motor 9 is coaxially fixedly connected to a drive sprocket 10. Driven sprockets 11 are rotatably connected to both sides of the drive sprocket 10. A chain 12 is installed between the drive sprocket 10 and the two driven sprockets 11. Each driven sprocket 11 is coaxially fixedly connected to a guide rod 13 with a grooved rail. Each of the transmission chambers... Each of the transmission chambers 8 has a drive gear 14 rotatably connected to the guide rod 13, and the drive gear 14 has a key that slides within the groove of the corresponding guide rod 13. Each transmission chamber 8 has a driven gear 15 rotatably connected to the side of the center of the load-bearing column 2, which meshes with the drive gear 14. Each driven gear 15 is coaxially fixedly connected to a transmission rod 16. The rotation of the motor 9 drives the drive sprocket 10 to rotate, which in turn drives the chain 12 to rotate, thereby causing the driven sprockets 11 on both sides to rotate. The rotation of the driven sprockets 11 drives the guide rod 13 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive gear 14 to rotate, and finally causes the driven gear 15 to rotate. The rotation of the driven gear 15 drives the transmission rod 16 to rotate, and the rotation of the transmission rod 16 provides power for the rotation of the subsequent structure.

[0032] In Example 4, based on Example 3, to enable all the drive shafts 17 to rotate simultaneously with the drive rods 16, thus achieving cost savings by having one motor 9 drive all the screw rods 6, this invention provides a transmission structure that ensures cost savings by having one motor 9 drive all the screw rods 6. Specifically, the top end of each drive rod 16 extends into the support shell 5, and multiple drive shafts 17 coaxial with the screw rods 6 are rotatably connected within each support shell 5. The bottom ends of the multiple drive shafts 17 are coaxially fixedly connected to pulleys 18, and the same belt strip 41 is installed on the outer side of each pulley 18. The bottom end of the drive shaft 17 near the center of the load-bearing column 2 within the support shell 5 is coaxially fixedly connected to the top end of the drive rod 16. The rotation of the drive rod 16 provides power for the rotation of the drive shaft 17, and the rotation of the drive rod 16 drives the drive shaft 17 near the center of the lifting column 3 to rotate. The drive shaft 17 near the center of the lifting column 3 rotates synchronously within the support shell 5 through the cooperation of the pulleys 18 and the belt strip 41.

[0033] In Example 5, based on Example 4, to enable the first gear 21 to both drive the screw 6 to rotate and to idle inside the screw 6, thus achieving independent rotation among the screws 6, this invention provides a combined structure to ensure independent rotation among the screws 6. Specifically, the top of each drive shaft 17 extends out of the support shell 5, and the portion of each drive shaft 17 extending out of the support shell 5 has a groove. Each screw 6 is hollow inside and has a groove at its bottom. The bottom of each screw 6 has a slot 19, and the bottom of the slot 19 is fixed inside. A spring 20 is connected to the slot 19, and a first gear 21 with a convex key is slidably connected up and down. The first gear 21 is coaxial with the transmission shaft 17 and slides in the groove of the corresponding transmission shaft 17. The top of the first gear 21 is coaxially rotatably connected to a rotator 22. The first gear 21 is fixed in the slot 19. The rotation of the transmission shaft 17 drives the first gear 21 to rotate. The rotation of the first gear 21 drives the screw rod 6 to rotate, thereby causing the support column 7 to rise. When the support column 7 rises to a certain position, it is in close contact with the top wall of the cave. The rotator 22 can drive the first gear 21 to move up and down without affecting the rotation of the two gears.

[0034] In Example 6, based on Example 5, in order to enable the rotator 22 to drive the first gear 21 to move up and down, thereby enabling the load-bearing plate at the top of the support column 7 to support different concave and convex and arched top walls, this invention provides a combined structure to ensure that the load-bearing plate at the top of the support column 7 can support different concave and convex and arched top walls. Specifically, each of the spiral screws 6 has a second gear 23 rotatably connected to its inner top end and coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 17. Each of the spiral screws 6 has a fixed ring 24 fixedly connected to its inner top end. Multiple third gears 25 are rotatably connected between the fixed ring 24 and the second gear 23. Each third gear 25 meshes with the second gear 23 and rotates within the fixed ring 24. One of the multiple third gears 25 is coaxially fixedly connected to a guide screw 26, and the remaining third gears 25 are coaxially fixedly connected to a guide shaft 27. The bottom end of the guide screw 26 has no spiral teeth. The outer sides of 27 are slidably connected to the rotating device 22, which is threadedly connected to the guide screw 26. The spring 20 in the slot 19 will pop out the first gear 21. The first gear 21 drives the rotating device 22 to move upward. When the first gear 21 is in the slot 19, the section of the rotating device 22 connected to the guide screw 26 has no threaded teeth. When the rotating device 22 moves upward, the rotating device 22 is connected to the threaded teeth of the guide screw 26. The top of the transmission shaft 17 drives the second gear 23 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 23 drives the third gear 25 to rotate and make circular motion in the fixed ring 24. The rotation of the third gear 25 begins to drive the rotating device 22 to rise. The guide shaft 27 guides the rotating device 22. The rise of the rotating device 22 drives the first gear 21 to rise, so that the first gear 21 rotates freely inside the spiral screw 6, while the spiral screw 6 stops rotating, fixing the support column 7. At the same time, it does not affect the rotation of other spiral screws 6, allowing the other spiral screws 6 to continue to rise until the remaining load-bearing plates are tightly attached to the inner wall of the cave.

[0035] In Example 7, based on Example 6, to prevent the first gear 21 from being ejected by the spring 20 when rotating in the slot 19, thereby enabling the first gear 21 to drive the spiral screw 6 to rotate when rotating in the slot 19, this invention provides a rotating claw 28 to ensure that the first gear 21 can drive the spiral screw 6 to rotate when rotating in the slot 19. Specifically, multiple rotating claws 28 are rotatably connected to the bottom of each spiral screw 6. Each rotating claw 28 has a ball bearing 29 ball-jointed near the center of the spiral screw 6. A slider 30 is slidably connected to the bottom of each rotating claw 28. A support shaft 31 that slides up and down is rotatably connected to the bottom of each slider 30. Multiple support shafts 31 extend out of the bottom of the spiral screw 6 and are fixedly connected to a connecting ring 32 with a groove at the bottom. The top of the support shell 5 is fixed. An electric telescopic rod 33 is connected, with its top end slidably connected to a groove at the bottom of a connecting ring 32. When the electric telescopic rod 33 retracts, it drives the connecting ring 32 to move downward, thereby causing the support shaft 31 to move downward. The downward movement of the support shaft 31 causes the slider 30 to slide, thereby fixing the first gear 21 in the slot 19 by the rotating claw 28. The rotation of the transmission shaft 17 drives the first gear 21 to rotate, which in turn drives the screw 6 to rotate, causing the support column 7 to rise. When the support column 7 rises to a certain position and is close to the cave ceiling, the electric telescopic rod 33 extends, causing the connecting ring 32 to move the support shaft 31 upward. The upward movement of the electric telescopic rod 33 causes the slider 30 to move upward, which in turn drives the rotating claw 28 to rotate. After the rotating claw 28 rotates, it releases the restriction on the first gear 21. After rotation, the spring 20 in the slot 19 will pop the first gear 21 out.

[0036] In practical use, both of the aforementioned transmission screws 4 are connected to a drive device, and the motor 9 is connected to a power source. First, the device is moved to the position where the top wall needs support. The drive device then raises the two lifting columns 3 to a certain position, maintaining a certain distance between the support shell 5 and the top wall to allow the support column 7 to move. Once the lifting column 3 is fixed, the motor 9 is turned on. The motor 9 rotates, driving the drive sprocket 10 to rotate. The drive sprocket 10 rotates, driving the chain 12 to rotate, thus rotating the driven sprockets 11 on both sides. The driven sprockets 11 rotate, driving the guide rod 13 to rotate. The guide rod 13 rotates, driving the drive gear 14, and finally rotating the driven gear 15. The driven gear 15 rotates, driving the transmission rod 16 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission rod 16 provides power for the rotation of the transmission shaft 17. The drive shaft 17, located near the center of the lifting column 3, rotates. Through the cooperation of pulley 18 and belt 41, the drive shaft 17 near the center of the lifting column 3 causes all drive shafts 17 within the support housing 5 to rotate synchronously. Pressure sensors 40 are fixedly connected to the tops of the first load-bearing plate 34, the second load-bearing plate 35, and the third load-bearing plate 36. When there is no pressure, the electric telescopic rod 33 is in a retracted state. When the electric telescopic rod 33 retracts, it drives the connecting ring 32 to move downwards, thereby causing the support shaft 31 to move downwards. The downward movement of the support shaft 31 causes the slider 30 to slide, thus fixing the first gear 21 in the slot 19 using the rotating claw 28. The rotation of the drive shaft 17 drives the first gear 21 to rotate, which in turn drives the screw 6 to rotate, thereby causing the support column 7 to rise. When the support column 7 rises to a certain position and presses against the cave ceiling, the pressure sensor 40 is compressed. When the pressure sensor 40 senses the pressure, the electric telescopic rod 33 extends. The extension of the electric telescopic rod 33 causes the connecting ring 32 to move the support shaft 31 upward. The upward movement of the electric telescopic rod 33 causes the slider 30 to move upward, which in turn causes the rotating claw 28 to rotate. After the rotating claw 28 rotates, it releases the limit on the first gear 21. After rotation, the spring 20 in the slot 19 will eject the first gear 21. The first gear 21 drives the rotator 22 to move upward. When the first gear 21 is in the slot 19, the section connecting the rotator 22 and the guide screw 26 has no threaded teeth. After the rotator 22 moves upward, the rotator 22 connects with the threaded teeth of the guide screw 26, and the top of the transmission shaft 17 drives the second gear. Wheel 23 rotates, and the second gear 23 rotates, driving the third gear 25 to rotate and make circular motion within the fixed ring 24. The rotation of the third gear 25 begins to drive the rotator 22 to rise. The guide shaft 27 guides the rotator 22. The rise of the rotator 22 drives the first gear 21 to rise, causing the first gear 21 to rotate freely inside the screw 6, while the screw 6 stops rotating, fixing the support column 7. At the same time, it does not affect the rotation of the other screws 6, allowing the other screws 6 to continue to rise until the remaining load-bearing plates are tightly against the inner wall of the cave. When one load-bearing plate is fixed, the rotation of the connecting plate 37 and the sliding of the first sliding plate 38 and the second sliding plate 39 allow adjacent load-bearing plates to adjust their angles according to the different heights between the two load-bearing plates.The motor 9 self-adjusts to different uneven and arched ceilings, and stops rotating once all load-bearing plates are fixed.

[0037] In this invention, when a load-bearing plate is pressed against the top wall, the pressure sensor at its top senses the pressure, causing the electric telescopic rod to extend. This causes the connecting ring to move the support shaft upward, which in turn moves the slider upward, causing the rotating pawl to rotate. After the rotating pawl rotates, it releases the limit on the first gear, allowing the spring in the slot to eject the first gear. The first gear then moves the rotator upward, which in turn moves the first gear upward, causing it to spin freely inside the screw thread. The screw thread stops rotating, thus fixing the support column without affecting the rotation of other screw threads, allowing them to continue rising until the remaining load-bearing plates are pressed against the inner wall of the cave. When one load-bearing plate is fixed, the angle can be automatically adjusted according to the different heights between the two load-bearing plates through the rotation of the connecting plate and the sliding of the first and second sliding plates. This self-adjustment is achieved for different concave and convex top walls and arched top walls, solving the problems of small contact area, poor support effect, and easy damage of wooden boards when using them to support the inner walls of concave or arched caves.

Claims

1. A railway construction support structure, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a load-bearing column (2). The two sides of the inside of the load-bearing column (2) are slidably connected to two lifting columns (3). The top of each lifting column (3) is fixedly connected to a support shell (5). The top of each support shell (5) is rotatably connected to multiple screw rods (6). The top of each screw rod (6) is slidably connected to a support column (7) threadedly connected to the screw rod (6). The top of each support column (7) is rotatably connected to a load-bearing device. The load-bearing device is specifically as follows: a first load-bearing plate (34) is rotatably connected to the top of the support column (7) of each support shell (5) away from the center of the lifting column (3); a second load-bearing plate (35) is rotatably connected to the top of the support column (7) of each support shell (5) near the center of the lifting column (3); a third load-bearing plate (36) is rotatably connected to the top of the remaining support columns (7) of each support shell (5); and a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the end of each first load-bearing plate (34) and third load-bearing plate (36) near the center of the lifting column (3). Each of the connecting plates (37) has a first sliding plate (38) slidably connected to one end near the center of the lifting column (3). Each of the second load-bearing plates (35) and the third load-bearing plates (36) has a second sliding plate (39) slidably connected to one end away from the center of the lifting column (3). Each adjacent first sliding plate (38) and second sliding plate (39) are hinged to each other. Each first load-bearing plate (34), second load-bearing plate (35) and third load-bearing plate (36) has a pressure sensor (40) fixedly connected to its top. Each of the lifting columns (3) has a transmission chamber (8) located at its lower interior. A motor (9) is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the load-bearing column (2). A drive sprocket (10) is coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the motor (9). Driven sprockets (11) are rotatably connected to both sides of the drive sprocket (10). A single chain (12) is installed between the drive sprocket (10) and the two driven sprockets (11). Each driven sprocket (11) is coaxially fixedly connected to a grooved rail. The guide rod (13) is rotatably connected inside each of the transmission chambers (8), and the drive gear (14) is coaxial with the guide rod (13) and has a convex key. The convex key of each drive gear (14) slides in the groove of the corresponding guide rod (13). The driven gear (15) that meshes with the drive gear (14) is rotatably connected to the side of each transmission chamber (8) near the center of the load-bearing column (2). Each driven gear (15) is coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission rod (16). The top end of each of the transmission rods (16) extends into the support shell (5). Each of the support shells (5) is rotatably connected to a plurality of transmission shafts (17) coaxial with the screw rod (6). The bottom ends of the plurality of transmission shafts (17) are coaxially fixedly connected to pulleys (18). The same belt strip (41) is installed on the outer side of each pulley (18). The bottom end of the transmission shaft (17) near the center of the load-bearing column (2) in the support shell (5) is coaxially fixedly connected to the top end of the transmission rod (16). Each of the drive shafts (17) has a support shell (5) extending from its top end. The portion of each drive shaft (17) extending from the support shell (5) has a groove. Each of the screw rods (6) is hollow inside and has a groove at its bottom end. Each screw rod (6) has a slot (19) at its bottom inside. A spring (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom inside the slot (19). A first gear (21) with a convex key is slidably connected up and down inside the slot (19). The first gear (21) is coaxial with the drive shaft (17) and slides in the groove of the corresponding drive shaft (17). A rotator (22) is coaxially rotatably connected to the top end of the first gear (21).

2. The railway construction support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom left and right sides of the load-bearing column (2) are rotatably connected to transmission screws (4), and the top of each transmission screw (4) is threadedly connected to a lifting column (3).

3. A railway construction support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the spiral screws (6) has a second gear (23) rotatably connected to the top of its interior, which is coaxially fixed to the drive shaft (17). Each of the spiral screws (6) has a fixed ring (24) fixedly connected to the top of its interior. Multiple third gears (25) are rotatably connected between the fixed ring (24) and the second gear (23). Each third gear (25) meshes with the second gear (23) and rotates within the fixed ring (24). One of the multiple third gears (25) is coaxially fixedly connected to a guide screw (26), and the remaining third gears (25) are coaxially fixedly connected to guide shafts (27). The bottom end of the guide screw (26) has no spiral teeth. The outer sides of the multiple guide shafts (27) are slidably connected to a rotator (22) threadedly connected to the guide screw (26).

4. A railway construction support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the spiral screws (6) has multiple rotating claws (28) rotatably connected to its inner bottom end. Each of the rotating claws (28) has a ball bearing (29) ball-jointed near the center of the spiral screw (6). Each of the rotating claws (28) has a slider (30) slidably connected to its bottom end. Each slider (30) has a support shaft (31) rotatably connected to its bottom end. Multiple support shafts (31) extend out of the bottom of the spiral screw (6) and are fixedly connected to a connecting ring (32) with a groove at its bottom end. An electric telescopic rod (33) is fixedly connected to the top end of the support shell (5). The top end of the electric telescopic rod (33) is slidably connected to the groove at the bottom end of the connecting ring (32).

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