Gully-type debris flow monitoring and early warning method based on multi-element sensor

Abstract

This invention provides a multi-sensor-based method for monitoring and early warning of gully-type debris flows, comprising: a debris flow monitoring station, which consists of a sensor sensing system, a data acquisition and transmission system, and a power supply and energy storage system, and is deployed within the debris flow monitoring area; the debris flow monitoring station is equipped with a column, the base of which is provided with a debris flow monitoring station foundation, which is buried within the debris flow monitoring area; a backwater surface fluid viscometer is installed in the middle of the rear side of the column, and the data acquisition and transmission system is installed in the upper left part of the column; warning water levels and perennial water levels are set within the debris flow area monitored by the column. This invention synchronously transmits data from each sensor connected to the debris flow monitoring station, as well as video and photographic data, back to a background database to achieve data accumulation and on-site situation monitoring, enabling dynamic monitoring and early warning of debris flow occurrence, and helping to improve the reliability of monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of debris flow monitoring and early warning technology, and specifically to a method for monitoring and early warning of gully-type debris flows based on multiple sensors. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the influence of high-intensity water flows such as atmospheric precipitation and glacial melting, debris flows in mountainous gullies are highly random and difficult to predict or detect through early observation and analysis or patrols. Therefore, debris flow monitoring has become a more effective means to avoid loss of life and property caused by sudden debris flows. To solve the problem of debris flow monitoring, a debris flow monitoring and early warning method is proposed.

[0003] The specification of the prior art document "CN202022741620.4 A Debris Flow Monitoring and Early Warning Device" mentions that it "includes a ground pile and a support column. The ground pile is installed at the lower end of the support column. A reinforcement device is sleeved on the outermost side of the support column. An electrical control box is installed at the front end of the middle section of the support column. A solar panel is installed at the upper end of the electrical control box. The solar panel is electrically connected to the electrical control box. A camera bracket is installed near the upper right end of the support column. A monitoring and early warning camera is installed at the lower right end of the camera bracket. An air humidity and rainfall monitor is installed at the upper end of the mounting tray. A signal antenna is installed at the upper end of the air humidity and rainfall monitor." Although the prior art document can solve the problem that the debris flow monitoring and early warning device is prone to tilting after being installed in the area for a long time, which will affect the monitoring angle of the entire debris flow monitoring and early warning device, the debris flow monitoring and early warning device in the prior art document suffers from multiple interferences caused by atmospheric rainfall, glacial melting and other high-intensity water flows, as well as a high false alarm rate in the monitoring method, resulting in inaccurate monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, a multi-sensor-based method for monitoring and early warning of gully-type debris flows is provided. This method addresses the issues of multiple interferences from atmospheric rainfall, glacial melting, and other high-intensity water flows, as well as the high false alarm rate of existing debris flow monitoring and early warning devices, which lead to inaccurate monitoring.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a method for monitoring and early warning of gully-type debris flows based on multiple sensors is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Deploy debris flow monitoring stations in debris flow areas;

[0007] Rainfall information from rain gauges is obtained through debris flow monitoring stations;

[0008] When the rainfall reaches h j At that time, debris flow monitoring stations monitor water levels or debris flow liquid levels;

[0009] When the water level exceeds the warning line, a warning water level alert is issued, and online monitoring of the fluid viscosity begins.

[0010] When viscosity μ jc Viscosity μ with water w The comparison is greater than a certain percentage X s At that time, the area was filmed and a mudslide warning was issued;

[0011] The debris flow monitoring station transmits data back to the backend database synchronously.

[0012] Furthermore, the debris flow monitoring station consists of a sensor sensing system, a data acquisition and transmission system, and a power supply and energy storage system, and is deployed within the debris flow monitoring area.

[0013] The debris flow monitoring station is equipped with a column, and the bottom of the column is provided with a debris flow monitoring station foundation. The debris flow monitoring station foundation is buried in the debris flow monitoring area. A backwater surface fluid viscometer is installed in the middle of the rear side of the column, and a data acquisition and transmission system is installed in the upper left part of the column. Warning water levels and normal water levels are set in the debris flow area monitored by the column.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper end of the data acquisition and transmission system is equipped with a transmitting antenna, and the data acquisition and transmission system consists of a data acquisition instrument, a monitoring instrument control unit, and a wireless Internet of Things transmission antenna.

[0015] Furthermore, the monitoring instrument control unit within the data acquisition and transmission system is electrically connected to the backwater surface fluid viscometer and level gauge, and the monitoring instrument control unit is electrically connected to the camera.

[0016] Furthermore, a pole is provided in the middle of the top surface of the column, and a camera is installed on the upper part of the pole. A solar power generation panel is installed at the top of the pole. The power supply and energy storage system consists of a solar power generation panel, an energy storage battery, and a data acquisition and transmission card.

[0017] Furthermore, a support rod is provided at the right end of the top surface of the column, and a rain gauge is provided at the upper right part of the support rod, and a liquid level gauge is provided at the lower end of the support rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the sensor sensing system consists of a camera, a rain gauge, a level gauge, and a year-round water level indicator.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. In this invention, the data from each sensor and the video and photographic data of the debris flow monitoring station when it starts to supply power are synchronously transmitted back to the background database to achieve data accumulation and understanding of the on-site situation.

[0021] 2. Rainfall h at the debris flow monitoring station j With percentage X s Settings are configured based on data accumulation and the sensitivity of different regions to debris flow occurrence; generally, moderate rainfall can be assessed using h... j Settings, X s ≥2.0 refers to the monitored viscosity in μ. jc Viscosity μ with water w When the ratio is greater than 2.0, adjustments are made, and dynamic adjustments are continuously made based on the accumulation of monitoring data.

[0022] 3. The monitoring instrument control unit performs online real-time monitoring of the rain gauge station. When the monitoring detects that the rainfall has reached a certain level (h), the rainfall... j At this time, the monitoring instrument control unit starts powering the level gauge and activates water level or debris flow level monitoring. Once the data acquisition instrument detects that the water level is above the warning line, it issues a warning water level alert. The monitoring instrument control unit then starts powering the viscometer and begins online monitoring of the fluid viscosity. When the viscosity measured by the viscometer (μ)... jc Viscosity μ with water w The comparison is greater than a certain percentage X s At that time, the monitoring instrument control unit began to power the camera and start recording the area, and issued a mudslide warning;

[0023] The viscometer is installed at a height above the normal water level and below the warning water level of 0.3m. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the gully-type debris flow monitoring and early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the debris flow monitoring station structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base of the debris flow monitoring station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Foundation of the debris flow monitoring station; 2. Backwater surface fluid viscometer; 3. Column; 4. Data acquisition and transmission system; 5. Transmitting antenna; 6. Pole; 7. Solar panel; 8. Camera; 9. Support pole; 10. Rain gauge; 11. Level gauge; 12. Average annual water level; 13. Warning water level. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the gully-type debris flow monitoring and early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the debris flow monitoring station structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base of the debris flow monitoring station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this invention provides a method for monitoring and early warning of gully-type debris flows based on multiple sensors, including: a debris flow monitoring station, which consists of a sensor sensing system, a data acquisition and transmission system 4, and a power supply and energy storage system, and the debris flow monitoring station is deployed in the debris flow monitoring area; the debris flow monitoring station is equipped with a column 3, and a debris flow detection station foundation 1 is set at the bottom of the column 3, and the debris flow detection station foundation 1 is buried in the debris flow monitoring area; a backwater surface fluid viscometer 2 is installed in the middle of the rear side of the column 3, and a data acquisition and transmission system 4 is installed in the upper left part of the column 3; a warning water level 13 and a normal water level 12 are set in the debris flow area monitored by the column 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, a transmitting antenna 5 is provided at the upper end of the data acquisition and transmission system 4, and the data acquisition and transmission system 4 is composed of a data acquisition instrument, a monitoring instrument control unit and a wireless Internet of Things transmission antenna; the monitoring instrument control unit in the data acquisition and transmission system 4 is electrically connected to the back surface fluid viscometer 2 and the level gauge 11, and the monitoring instrument control unit is electrically connected to the camera 8.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor data and video / photographic data information of the debris flow monitoring station are synchronously transmitted back to the background database when the station starts to supply power, so as to realize data accumulation and understanding of the on-site situation.

[0033] Rainfall h at debris flow monitoring station j With percentage X s Settings are configured based on data accumulation and the sensitivity of different regions to debris flow occurrence; generally, moderate rainfall can be assessed using h... j Settings, X s ≥2.0 refers to the monitored viscosity in μ. jc Viscosity μ with water w When the ratio is greater than 2.0, adjustments are made, and dynamic adjustments are continuously made based on the accumulation of monitoring data.

[0034] In this embodiment, a pole 6 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the column 3, and a camera 8 is installed on the upper part of the pole 6. A solar power generation panel 7 is provided at the top of the pole 6. The power supply and energy storage system consists of the solar power generation panel 7, the energy storage battery and the data acquisition and transmission card. A support rod 9 is provided at the right end of the top surface of the column 3, and a rain gauge 10 is provided at the upper right part of the support rod 9. A liquid level gauge 11 is provided at the lower end of the support rod 9. The sensor sensing system consists of the camera 8, the rain gauge 10, the liquid level gauge 11 and the perennial water level 12.

[0035] As a preferred implementation method, the monitoring instrument control unit performs online real-time monitoring of the rain gauge, and the monitoring detects that the rainfall has reached a certain level (h). j At this time, the monitoring instrument control unit starts powering the level gauge and activates water level or debris flow level monitoring. Once the data acquisition instrument detects that the water level is above the warning line, it issues a warning water level alert. The monitoring instrument control unit then starts powering the viscometer and begins online monitoring of the fluid viscosity. When the viscosity measured by the viscometer (μ)... jc Viscosity μ with water w The comparison is greater than a certain percentage X s At that time, the monitoring instrument control unit began to power the camera and start recording the area, and issued a mudslide warning;

[0036] The viscometer is installed at a height above the normal water level and below the warning water level of 0.3m.

[0037] This invention effectively solves the problems of multiple interferences from atmospheric rainfall, glacial melting, and other high-intensity water flows, as well as the high false alarm rate of the debris flow monitoring and early warning devices in the comparison documents, which lead to inaccurate monitoring. This invention synchronously transmits the data from each sensor connected to the debris flow monitoring station and the video and photographic data back to the background database to achieve data accumulation and on-site situation control. It can realize dynamic monitoring and early warning of debris flow occurrence, which helps to improve the reliability of monitoring.

Claims

1. A gully-type debris flow monitoring and early warning method based on a multi-sensor, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Deploy debris flow monitoring stations in debris flow areas; Rainfall information from rain gauges is obtained through debris flow monitoring stations; The debris flow monitoring station consists of a sensor sensing system, a data acquisition and transmission system (4) and a power supply and energy storage system, and the debris flow monitoring station is deployed in the debris flow monitoring area. The debris flow monitoring station is equipped with a column (3), and a debris flow monitoring station foundation (1) is set at the bottom of the column (3). The debris flow monitoring station foundation (1) is buried in the debris flow monitoring area. A back surface fluid viscometer (2) is installed in the middle of the rear side of the column (3), and the data acquisition and transmission system (4) is installed in the upper left part of the column (3). Warning water level (13) and normal water level (12) are set in the debris flow area monitored by the column (3). When the rainfall reaches h j , the debris flow monitoring station monitors the water level or debris flow liquid level; When the water level exceeds the warning line, a warning water level alert is issued, and online monitoring of the fluid viscosity begins. When viscosity μ jc Viscosity μ with water w The comparison is greater than a certain percentage X s At that time, the area was filmed and a mudslide warning was issued; The debris flow monitoring station transmits data back to the backend database synchronously.

2. The multi-sensor based gully-type debris flow monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition and transmission system (4) is equipped with a transmitting antenna (5) at its upper end, and the data acquisition and transmission system (4) consists of a data acquisition instrument, a monitoring instrument control unit and a wireless Internet of Things transmission antenna.

3. The multi-sensor based gully-type debris flow monitoring and early warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring instrument control unit in the data acquisition and transmission system (4) is electrically connected to the back surface fluid viscometer (2) and the level gauge (11), and the monitoring instrument control unit is electrically connected to the camera (8).

4. The multi-sensor based gully-type debris flow monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column (3) has a pole (6) in the middle of its top surface, and a camera (8) is installed on the upper part of the pole (6). A solar power generation panel (7) is installed at the top of the pole (6). The power supply and energy storage system consists of the solar power generation panel (7), the energy storage battery and the data acquisition and transmission card.

5. The multi-sensor based gully-type debris flow monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support rod (9) is provided on the right end of the top surface of the column (3), and a rain gauge (10) is provided on the upper right part of the support rod (9), and a level gauge (11) is provided on the lower end of the support rod (9).

6. The multi-sensor based gully-type debris flow monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor perception system consists of a camera (8), a rain gauge (10), a level gauge (11), and a year-round water level gauge (12).

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