Intelligent tunnel air purification device and intelligent purification method

Abstract

The application provides a tunnel air intelligent purification device and an intelligent purification method. The tunnel air intelligent purification device is internally provided with an electrostatic dust removal device, an automatic water washing system connected with the electrostatic dust removal device and a programmable logic controller. The programmable logic controller is internally provided with an electrostatic dust removal device step-by-step starting module for controlling the step-by-step starting of the electrostatic dust removal device. The intelligent purification method realizes continuous purification of air by automatically controlling the electrostatic dust removal device and the automatic water washing system, and guarantees the stability and reliability of the whole system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air purification technology, and in particular to an intelligent air purification device and method for tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] While more and more tunnels are being built, few specialized tunnels utilize air purification systems. The main pollutants in tunnels come from vehicle exhaust, primarily particulate matter, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). X ), lead (Pb), etc.

[0003] The tunnel uses an air purification system with mechanical pre-filters, electrostatic precipitators, and NO2 purification systems to remove harmful gases such as particulate matter, dust, and nitrogen oxides from the air inside the tunnel.

[0004] For example, CN209519531U discloses an air purification system suitable for urban tunnels. The air purification system is installed on the side wall of the tunnel, which does not occupy valuable space outside the tunnel. The system uses the purification system to treat polluted gas inside the tunnel, ensuring air quality inside the tunnel and in the tunnel outlet area. However, the system does not realize the problem of monitoring in air purification.

[0005] CN108590734A discloses an air purification device for road tunnels. The device includes a main housing with a water tank inside. An electrostatic precipitator and an air purifier are located on one side of the water tank, along the length of the main housing. The electrostatic precipitator and air purifier are positioned on the same side. The gas outlet of the air purifier extends outside the main housing to form an air purification outlet pipe. The interior of the water tank is connected to the air purification outlet pipe via a conveying pipe, which is inserted tangentially. However, this air purification device does not address air monitoring, making remote and automatic monitoring difficult, and it does not address the activation of the electrostatic precipitator after water washing.

[0006] CN208186597U discloses a tunnel air purification device, including a grille door installed in a tunnel-side passage within a tunnel-side duct. A pre-filter is installed on one side of the grille door, an air valve is installed on one side of the pre-filter, a cleaning device is installed on one side of the air valve, an electrostatic precipitator is installed on one side of the cleaning device, and a denitrification device is installed on one side of the electrostatic precipitator. A wastewater tank and a clean water tank are installed between the electrostatic precipitator and the denitrification device. An axial flow fan is installed on one side of the denitrification device. The control room contains a control cabinet, a high-voltage power supply, a sludge tank, and a water treatment system. However, this device does not address the difficulties in automatic monitoring and the startup issues of the electrostatic precipitator after water washing, which are common in the prior art.

[0007] In summary, existing intelligent air purification devices for tunnels all suffer from problems such as difficulty in automatic monitoring, slow start-up of electrostatic dust removal devices after water washing, or unstable current. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an intelligent air purification device and method for tunnels that can be automatically monitored and started. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent air purification device and intelligent purification method for tunnels, which solves the problems of difficulty in automatic monitoring and unstable or slow start-up of electrostatic dust removal device after water washing in existing tunnel air purification devices, and can ensure the stable and reliable operation of the entire intelligent purification device.

[0009] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent air purification device for tunnels, wherein the intelligent purification device is provided with an electrostatic dust removal device, an automatic water washing system connected to the electrostatic dust removal device, and a programmable logic controller.

[0011] The programmable logic controller is equipped with a step-by-step start-up module for the electrostatic precipitator, which controls the step-by-step start-up of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0012] The intelligent purification device of this invention combines a programmable logic controller (PLC) with a tunnel purification device. By using the PLC controller to automatically adjust the operation of the automatic water washing system based on the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator, and by uploading monitored data to a distributed control system in real time, the stable operation of the entire intelligent purification device is guaranteed. This intelligent purification device enables automatic water washing, unattended operation, automatic and stable start-up, and closed-loop regulation of the electrostatic precipitator, significantly improving the intelligence level of machine operation. The step-by-step start-up module of the electrostatic precipitator in this invention ensures rapid start-up and operation of the purification system through step-by-step startup. In contrast, traditional purification systems still experience arcing in the ion box even after drying because high-voltage operation requires certain electrical clearances and creepage distances. By reducing the voltage, the required electrical clearances and creepage distances can be reduced, thereby enabling rapid start-up of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0013] Preferably, the intelligent purification device further includes a distributed control system, i.e., a DCS control system, connected to the programmable logic controller. It leverages the advantages of decentralized control functions, centralized display and operation, and a balance between autonomy and comprehensive coordination. Furthermore, its multi-level hierarchical structure significantly improves control accuracy.

[0014] Preferably, the intelligent purification device is provided with a pre-filter, an electrostatic precipitator, and a harmful gas removal device arranged sequentially along the airflow direction. Preferably, the present invention adds a pre-filter before the electrostatic precipitator, thereby reducing the load on the electrostatic precipitator.

[0015] Preferably, the electrostatic precipitator includes an electrostatic precipitator power supply system for providing high-voltage electricity to the electrostatic precipitator.

[0016] The electrostatic precipitator power supply system has at least two rows of ion boxes in its high-voltage power supply, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 rows. Each row of ion boxes contains at least one ion box, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 8. There are at least two high-voltage power supplies in total, for example, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, or 20. For example, one row could have 6 ion boxes and 1 high-voltage power supply, resulting in a total of 15 high-voltage power supplies. If one high-voltage power supply fails, only one row becomes inefficient; in this case, the valves of that row are shut off, and the remaining high-voltage power supplies can continue to be used.

[0017] Preferably, the electrostatic dust removal device also includes an electrostatic dust removal access control system to ensure the safety of equipment maintenance personnel. When no one has operating authority during equipment operation, the access control system cannot be opened; and the door is interlocked with the electrostatic dust removal device, so when the door is opened, the electrostatic dust removal device stops operating.

[0018] Preferably, the electrostatic dust removal device further includes an electrostatic dust removal air valve system. Before the electrostatic dust removal device is put into operation, the front and rear air dampers of the electrostatic dust removal device are opened. When water washing is required, the front and rear air dampers of the electrostatic dust removal device are closed to ensure that no water droplets are sprayed out during water washing of the electrostatic dust removal device, so as not to wet the downstream harmful gas removal device.

[0019] Preferably, the electrostatic precipitator plate in the electrostatic precipitator is elongated, and the two long sides of the electrostatic precipitator plate are curved, preferably wavy.

[0020] Preferably, the electrostatic dust removal plate has an elliptical cross-section, that is, pointed at both ends and wider in the middle. This shape is preferred as it can reduce wind resistance and reduce arc discharge.

[0021] Preferably, the electrostatic dust removal device includes a bidirectional plate electrostatic precipitator, specifically comprising two ionization sections and a dust collection section, wherein the two ionization sections are located on the inner and outer sides of the dust collection section, respectively.

[0022] Preferably, the ionization section is provided with an electrostatic dust removal plate.

[0023] Preferably, the intelligent purification device further includes a dehumidification device connected to the electrostatic dust removal device and the harmful gas removal device respectively, for reducing the humidity of the harmful gas removal device for removing nitrogen oxides, increasing the service life of the filter material for removing nitrogen oxides in the device, and ensuring the stable operation of the electrostatic dust removal device and the harmful gas removal device.

[0024] Preferably, the pre-filtration device includes a mechanical filtration device.

[0025] The mechanical filtration device described in this invention can initially remove large particles.

[0026] Preferably, the harmful gas removal device includes a nitrogen oxide removal device.

[0027] Preferably, the harmful gas removal device has a bent design. The bent design increases the windward area through pleats, reduces the oncoming wind speed passing through the device, and ensures that the internal filter material can sufficiently adsorb harmful substances in the air.

[0028] The nitrogen oxide removal device of the present invention is preferably an activated carbon wall.

[0029] Preferably, the activated carbon is columnar activated carbon.

[0030] Preferably, the intelligent purification device further includes an air delivery device.

[0031] Preferably, the air conveying device is selected from an axial flow fan or a variable frequency fan. The axial flow fan of the present invention can both convey air and dry the electrostatic dust removal device after water washing.

[0032] Preferably, the axial flow fan is equipped with an air valve at its airflow outlet.

[0033] Preferably, the programmable logic controller is equipped with an automatic water washing system operating parameter control module.

[0034] Preferably, the automatic washing system operation parameter control module controls and adjusts the operation parameters of the automatic washing system according to the operation parameters of the electrostatic dust removal device.

[0035] Preferably, the automatic washing system includes a water storage component, a cleaning agent storage component, a material conveying system, and a pipeline nozzle system connected to the electrostatic precipitator. The pipeline nozzle system of this invention refers to nozzles disposed opposite to the electrostatic precipitator plate in the electrostatic precipitator, and the pipeline system connected to the nozzles.

[0036] Preferably, the automatic washing system further includes an automatic washing air valve system for controlling the valves of the automatic washing device, etc.

[0037] Preferably, the material conveying system comprises a material conveying device and a pipeline opening and closing component.

[0038] The present invention does not impose any special restrictions on the material conveying device, such as a pump, nor does it impose any special restrictions on the pipeline opening and closing components, such as valves.

[0039] Preferably, the programmable logic controller (PLC) is connected to the material conveying system and adjusts and controls the material conveying device and pipeline opening and closing components according to the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator. This invention preferably adjusts the flow rate of the material conveying device and the opening and closing status of the pipeline opening and closing components based on the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator, thereby achieving effective control of the automatic washing system and ensuring the stable and continuous operation of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0040] Preferably, the intelligent purification device further includes a wastewater treatment system connected to the automatic washing system.

[0041] The wastewater treatment system described in this invention can precipitate impurities, separate and recover contaminated water, and effectively sterilize and disinfect it. It can automatically treat and recycle wastewater, allowing water to be reused and protecting the environment.

[0042] Preferably, the programmable logic controller includes a remote debugging module for remote control.

[0043] The preferred embodiment of this invention is a programmable logic controller that also includes a remote debugging module, which can upload data to a cloud platform in real time, enabling remote monitoring of the entire system's operation.

[0044] Preferably, the programmable logic controller further includes an alarm module for fault alerting.

[0045] Preferably, the alarm module is connected to a mobile device.

[0046] Preferably, the programmable logic controller (PLC) of this invention can be connected to a mobile device, enabling remote monitoring of the PLC and remote modification and updating of its programmable logic controller program, thus achieving 24-hour remote maintenance and remote alarm handling.

[0047] Preferably, the intelligent purification device also includes an air monitoring system positioned in the direction of airflow.

[0048] Preferably, the air monitoring system is connected to the programmable logic controller. A second key aspect of this invention is that it not only regulates the automatic water washing system based on the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator, but also adjusts the operating parameters of both the electrostatic precipitator and the automatic water washing system in real time based on the air parameters monitored by the air monitoring system. This includes the ability to predict the operating status of the electrostatic precipitator based on air conditions, whether there are any faults requiring replacement, and to predict in advance when the high-voltage power supply needs maintenance; simultaneously, based on detailed air parameter data, it can effectively ensure that the outlet air is clean and unpolluted, reducing manual labor.

[0049] Preferably, the air monitoring system includes a nitrogen oxide sensor, a carbon oxide sensor, a particulate matter sensor, and a weather station.

[0050] Preferably, the air monitoring system further includes an ozone sensor.

[0051] Preferably, the nitrogen oxide sensor includes at least two sets of light emitting components and light receiving components arranged accordingly, wherein the light path formed by the light emitting components is perpendicular to the air flow direction.

[0052] Preferably, the carbon oxide sensor includes a carbon monoxide sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor.

[0053] Preferably, the particulate sensor includes a light-scattering laser photometric component.

[0054] Preferably, the weather station includes a temperature sensing component, a pressure sensing component, and a humidity sensing component.

[0055] Preferably, the weather station further includes an ultrasonic sensing component.

[0056] Preferably, the programmable logic controller is connected to a display component. A user-friendly human-machine interface is preferred, allowing tunnel management personnel to intuitively view the operation of the entire system on a touchscreen.

[0057] Secondly, the present invention provides an intelligent air purification method for tunnels, wherein the intelligent purification method employs the intelligent purification device described in the first aspect.

[0058] The intelligent purification method described in this invention employs the intelligent purification method described in the first aspect, which significantly improves the efficiency and automation of air purification, eliminates the need for manual cleaning of the electrostatic dust removal device, and is safer and ensures stable operation of the device.

[0059] Preferably, the intelligent purification method includes:

[0060] Air undergoes electrostatic treatment by an electrostatic dust removal device within the intelligent purification device. The programmable logic controller controls and adjusts the operating parameters of the automatic water washing system based on the operating parameters of the electrostatic dust removal device and the air purification effect, thereby automatically washing the electrostatic dust removal device.

[0061] After automatic water washing, the electrostatic precipitator is started with a first voltage. The step-by-step start-up module of the electrostatic precipitator gradually increases the voltage to a second voltage based on the feedback information from the electrostatic precipitator, and continues to operate the electrostatic precipitator.

[0062] Preferably, the automatic water washing system's operating parameter control module measures the air purification effect based on data such as PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations before and after the filter. The percentage of the difference in PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations before and after the filter to the ratio of the dust concentrations before and after the filter is expressed by the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] In the formula, C1 and C2 are the PM2.5 concentration or PM10 concentration before and after the filter, respectively.

[0065] Preferably, the air enters through the inlet and is sequentially treated by a pre-filtration device, an electrostatic dust removal device, and a harmful gas removal device before being discharged.

[0066] Preferably, the air purification effect is obtained by real-time monitoring of air parameters by an air monitoring system.

[0067] Preferably, the air parameters include nitrogen oxide content, carbon oxide content, particulate matter content, and meteorological conditions.

[0068] Preferably, the meteorological conditions include air pressure, air humidity, and air temperature.

[0069] Preferably, the meteorological conditions also include flow velocity and wind direction.

[0070] Preferably, the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator include voltage values.

[0071] Preferably, the operating parameters of the automatic washing system include water flow rate and / or detergent flow rate.

[0072] Preferably, the automatic water washing includes: first adding cleaning agent to the ion box, then soaking for a delayed period, then rinsing the ion box, and then cleaning the electrostatic dust removal device; the air valves before and after the automatic water washing are closed, and the air valves are opened before the tunnel fan starts running after the automatic water washing is completed.

[0073] Preferably, the first voltage is 0.3 to 0.7 times the second voltage, for example, it can be 0.3 times, 0.4 times, 0.5 times, 0.6 times or 0.7 times, etc.

[0074] The present invention preferably uses a first voltage that is 0.3 to 0.7 times that of the second voltage. This not only solves the problem of high voltage short circuit during the initial startup of the machine, but also ensures the stable operation of the electrostatic precipitator every time it is started. Furthermore, as the fan and the electrostatic precipitator operate, the water droplets gradually evaporate, which can gradually increase the voltage of the electrostatic precipitator, thereby improving the operational stability of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0075] Preferably, the feedback information includes the current magnitude.

[0076] When the electrostatic precipitator is restarted after automatic cleaning, the present invention starts with a lower first voltage. At this time, since there are still water droplets on the surface of the electrostatic precipitator, the water droplets may cause a short circuit and the electrical clearance will decrease. After the first voltage is started, the current magnitude is fed back to the electrostatic precipitator step-by-step start-up module. When the current magnitude is less than the alarm value, the voltage is increased and the current magnitude is fed back again. This cycle continues until the voltage reaches the second voltage value, so that the electrostatic precipitator can operate stably.

[0077] Preferably, the second voltage value is the daily operating voltage value of the electrostatic precipitator, and there is no special limitation on it.

[0078] Preferably, when the operating parameters or air parameters of the electrostatic precipitator exceed the set values, the alarm module will trigger an alarm. This invention does not impose specific limitations on the set values ​​and can adjust them in real time according to different traffic volumes in different tunnels and specific circumstances.

[0079] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0080] (1) The intelligent air purification device in the tunnel provided by the present invention can realize automatic cleaning, stable and reliable start-up and operation of the electrostatic dust removal device, avoid the problem of manual timed start-up of the cleaning device in the traditional purification device, and reduce the problem of slow start-up or unstable voltage when the electrostatic dust removal device is started after water washing, reduce labor costs, and improve the overall operation effect and safety of the electrostatic dust removal device.

[0081] (2) The intelligent air purification method in the tunnel provided by the present invention can realize 24-hour real-time monitoring and alarm processing, ensuring the safety of tunnel operation. Attached Figure Description

[0082] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the programmable logic controller connection in the intelligent air purification device for tunnels provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the programmable logic controller panel in the intelligent air purification device for tunnels provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] In the diagram: 1-Programmable Logic Controller; 11-Programmable Logic Control Panel; 2-Remote Debugging Module; 3-Air Monitoring System; 31-Nitrogen Oxide Sensor; 32-Ozone Sensor; 33-Carbon Monoxide Sensor; 34-Carbon Dioxide Sensor; 35-Particulate Matter Sensor; 4-Electrostatic Dust Removal Power Supply System; 41-First High-Voltage Power Supply Unit; 42-Second High-Voltage Power Supply Unit; 5-Electrostatic Dust Removal Access Control System; 6-Dehumidification Device; 7-Automatic Water Washing System; 8-Automatic Water Washing Air Valve System; 9-Wastewater Treatment System; 10-Electrostatic Dust Removal Air Valve System. Detailed Implementation

[0085] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0086] The present invention will now be described in further detail. However, the examples described below are merely simplified examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the claims.

[0087] It should be understood that in the description of this invention, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0088] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0089] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention necessarily includes the necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general pump equipment for achieving complete process, but the above content is not the main inventive point of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can add layouts based on process flow and equipment structure selection, and the present invention does not make any special requirements or specific limitations in this regard.

[0090] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent air purification device for tunnels is provided, wherein the intelligent purification device is provided with an electrostatic dust removal device; the intelligent purification device further includes an automatic water washing system 7 connected to the electrostatic dust removal device; the intelligent purification device further includes a programmable logic controller 1 connected to the automatic water washing system 7 and the electrostatic dust removal device respectively, wherein the programmable logic controller 1 is provided with an automatic water washing system operation parameter control module.

[0091] The automatic water washing system operation parameter control module controls and adjusts the operation parameters of the automatic water washing system 7 according to the operation parameters of the electrostatic dust removal device.

[0092] The programmable logic controller 1 is also equipped with an electrostatic precipitator step-by-step start-up module for controlling the step-by-step start-up of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0093] The intelligent purification device is arranged sequentially along the airflow direction, including a pre-filtration device, an electrostatic dust removal device, and a harmful gas removal device. The intelligent purification device also includes an air conveying device and a dehumidification device 6. The dehumidification device 6 is connected to both the electrostatic dust removal device and the harmful gas removal device. The electrostatic dust removal plate in the electrostatic dust removal device is elongated, with its two long sides curved, preferably wavy. The cross-section of the electrostatic dust removal plate is elliptical, tapering at both ends and wider in the middle. This shape is preferred as it reduces wind resistance and arc discharge. The electrostatic dust removal device includes a bidirectional plate electrostatic precipitator, specifically comprising two ionization sections and one dust collection section. The two ionization sections are located on the inner and outer sides of the dust collection section, respectively. The ionization section is equipped with an electrostatic dust removal plate.

[0094] The automatic washing system 7 includes a water storage component, a cleaning agent storage component, a material conveying system, and a pipeline nozzle system connected to the electrostatic precipitator. The automatic washing system 7 also includes an automatic washing air valve system 8 for valve control. The material conveying system comprises a material conveying device and a pipeline opening / closing component. The programmable logic controller 1 is connected to the material conveying system and adjusts and controls the material conveying device and the pipeline opening / closing component according to the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator. The electrostatic precipitator system includes an electrostatic precipitator power supply system 4, such as a first high-voltage power supply unit 41 and a second high-voltage power supply unit 42. The electrostatic precipitator system also includes an electrostatic precipitator access control system 5 and an electrostatic precipitator air valve system 10, both of which are connected to the programmable logic controller 1.

[0095] The intelligent purification device also includes a wastewater treatment system 9 connected to the automatic water washing system 7.

[0096] The programmable logic controller 1 includes a remote debugging module 2 for remote control; the programmable logic controller 1 also includes an alarm module for fault alerting; the alarm module is signal-connected to a mobile device.

[0097] The intelligent purification device also includes an air monitoring system 3 positioned in the direction of airflow; the air monitoring system 3 is connected to the programmable logic controller 1.

[0098] The air monitoring system 3 includes a nitrogen oxide sensor 31, an ozone sensor 32, a carbon oxide sensor, a particulate matter sensor 35, and a weather station. The nitrogen oxide sensor 31 includes at least two sets of light emitting components and light receiving components, and the light path formed by the light emitting components is perpendicular to the air flow direction. The carbon oxide sensor includes a carbon monoxide sensor 33 and a carbon dioxide sensor 34. The particulate matter sensor 35 includes a light scattering laser photometric component. The weather station includes a temperature sensing component, a pressure sensing component, and a humidity sensing component. The weather station also includes an ultrasonic sensing component.

[0099] The connection diagram of the programmable logic controller 1 is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, in the air monitoring system 3, the nitrogen oxide sensor 31, ozone sensor 32, carbon monoxide sensor 33, carbon dioxide sensor 34, and particulate matter sensor 35 detect air at one end (represented by three dots) and are connected to the programmable logic controller 1 at the other end; and transmit the air monitoring information to the programmable logic controller 1. The programmable logic controller 1 is also connected to the first high-voltage power supply unit 41 and the second high-voltage power supply unit 42, the electrostatic dust removal access control system 5, the dehumidification device 6, the automatic water washing system 7, and the automatic water washing air valve system 8 in the electrostatic dust removal power supply system 4. It adjusts and controls the above devices according to the air parameters at each location to achieve automatic control, and remote program updates and monitoring are achieved by connecting to the remote debugging module 2.

[0100] The connection diagram of the programmable logic control panel 11 is shown below. Figure 2As shown, the following systems are connected to and input information into the programmable logic control panel 11: air monitoring system 3, electrostatic precipitator power supply system 4, electrostatic precipitator access control system 5, automatic water washing system 7, automatic water washing air valve system 8, wastewater treatment system 9, and electrostatic precipitator air valve system 10. Air monitoring system 3 provides feedback on air parameters, monitoring status, and alarm conditions; electrostatic precipitator access control system 5 provides feedback on alarm conditions of the electrostatic precipitator; the remaining devices provide feedback on their operating parameters and alarm conditions. Electrostatic precipitator power supply system 4, automatic water washing system 7, automatic water washing air valve system 8, wastewater treatment system 9, and electrostatic precipitator air valve system 10 simultaneously receive instructions from the programmable logic control panel 11 and issue operating parameters for automatic airflow control within the tunnel.

[0101] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent air purification method for tunnels is provided, the intelligent purification method comprising:

[0102] Air enters through the inlet and is sequentially treated by a pre-filtration device, electrostatic dust removal by an electrostatic dust removal device, and harmful gas removal and purification by a harmful gas removal device before being discharged.

[0103] The programmable logic controller 1 controls and adjusts the operating parameters of the automatic water washing system 7 according to the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator and the air purification effect, and automatically washes the electrostatic precipitator. After automatic water washing, the electrostatic precipitator is first started with a first voltage. The step-by-step start-up module of the electrostatic precipitator gradually increases the voltage to a second voltage based on the feedback information of the electrostatic precipitator, and continues to operate the electrostatic precipitator. The first voltage is 0.3 to 0.7 times the second voltage. The feedback information includes the current magnitude.

[0104] The air purification effect is obtained by the air monitoring system 3 through real-time monitoring of air parameters. These air parameters include nitrogen oxide content, carbon oxide content, particulate matter content, and meteorological conditions. The meteorological conditions include air pressure, air humidity, and air temperature. They also include air velocity and wind direction. The operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator include voltage values. The operating parameters of the automatic water washing system 7 include water flow rate and / or cleaning agent flow rate. When the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator or the air parameters exceed the set values, the alarm module will trigger an alarm.

[0105] The following is a detailed explanation.

[0106] Example 1

[0107] This embodiment provides an intelligent air purification device for tunnels, which includes an electrostatic dust removal device; the intelligent purification device also includes an automatic water washing system 7 connected to the electrostatic dust removal device; the intelligent purification device also includes a programmable logic controller 1 connected to the automatic water washing system 7 and the electrostatic dust removal device respectively, and the programmable logic controller 1 is equipped with an automatic water washing system operation parameter control module.

[0108] The automatic water washing system operation parameter control module controls and adjusts the operation parameters of the automatic water washing system 7 according to the operation parameters of the electrostatic dust removal device.

[0109] The programmable logic controller 1 is also equipped with an electrostatic precipitator step-by-step start-up module for controlling the step-by-step start-up of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0110] The intelligent purification device is arranged sequentially along the airflow direction, including a pre-filtration device, an electrostatic dust removal device, and a harmful gas removal device. The intelligent purification device also includes an air delivery device and a dehumidifier 6. The dehumidifier 6 is connected to both the electrostatic dust removal device and the harmful gas removal device. The pre-filtration device includes a mechanical filter, and the harmful gas removal device includes a nitrogen oxide removal device, both containing activated carbon (i.e., an activated carbon wall). The activated carbon wall has a bent design. This bent design increases the windward area through pleats, reducing the wind speed passing through the carbon wall and ensuring that the activated carbon can sufficiently adsorb harmful substances in the air.

[0111] The automatic washing system 7 includes a water storage component, a cleaning agent storage component, a material conveying system, and a pipeline nozzle system connected to the electrostatic precipitator. The automatic washing system 7 also includes an automatic washing air valve system 8 for valve control. The material conveying system comprises a material conveying device and a pipeline opening / closing component. The programmable logic controller 1 is connected to the material conveying system and adjusts and controls the material conveying device and the pipeline opening / closing component according to the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator. The electrostatic precipitator system includes an electrostatic precipitator power supply system 4. The electrostatic precipitator system also includes an electrostatic precipitator access control system 5 and an electrostatic precipitator air valve system 10, both of which are connected to the programmable logic controller 1.

[0112] The intelligent purification device also includes a wastewater treatment system 9 connected to the automatic water washing system 7.

[0113] The programmable logic controller 1 includes a remote debugging module 2 for remote control; the programmable logic controller 1 also includes an alarm module for fault alerting; the alarm module is signal-connected to a mobile device.

[0114] The intelligent purification device also includes an air monitoring system 3 positioned in the direction of airflow; the air monitoring system 3 is connected to the programmable logic controller 1.

[0115] The air monitoring system 3 includes a nitrogen oxide sensor 31, an ozone sensor 32, a carbon oxide sensor, a particulate matter sensor 35, and a weather station. The nitrogen oxide sensor 31 includes at least two sets of light emitting components and light receiving components, and the light path formed by the light emitting components is perpendicular to the air flow direction. The carbon oxide sensor includes a carbon monoxide sensor 33 and a carbon dioxide sensor 34. The particulate matter sensor 35 includes a light scattering laser photometric component. The weather station includes a temperature sensing component, a pressure sensing component, and a humidity sensing component. The weather station also includes an ultrasonic sensing component.

[0116] Specifically, the nitrogen oxide sensor 31, ozone sensor 32, carbon monoxide sensor 33, carbon dioxide sensor 34, and particulate matter sensor 35 in the air monitoring system 3 detect air externally at one end and are connected to the programmable logic controller 1 at the other end; and transmit the air monitoring information to the programmable logic controller 1. The programmable logic controller 1 is also connected to the first high-voltage power supply unit 41 and the second high-voltage power supply unit 42, the electrostatic dust removal access control system 5, the dehumidification device 6, the automatic water washing system 7, and the automatic water washing air valve system 8 in the electrostatic dust removal power supply system 4. It adjusts and controls the above devices according to the air parameters at each location to achieve automatic control, and realizes remote program updates and monitoring by connecting to the remote debugging module 2.

[0117] Specifically, the following systems are connected to and input information into the programmable logic control panel 11: an air monitoring system 3, an electrostatic precipitator power supply system 4, an electrostatic precipitator access control system 5, an automatic water washing system 7, an automatic water washing air valve system 8, a wastewater treatment system 9, and an electrostatic precipitator air valve system 10. The air monitoring system 3 provides feedback on air parameters, monitoring status, and alarm conditions; the electrostatic precipitator access control system 5 provides feedback on alarm conditions of the electrostatic precipitator; the remaining devices provide feedback on their operating parameters and alarm conditions. The electrostatic precipitator power supply system 4, the automatic water washing system 7, the automatic water washing air valve system 8, the wastewater treatment system 9, and the electrostatic precipitator air valve system 10 simultaneously receive instructions from the programmable logic control panel 11 and issue operating parameters for automatic airflow control within the tunnel. An air valve is installed at the airflow outlet of the axial flow fan.

[0118] This embodiment also provides an intelligent air purification method for tunnels, the intelligent purification method comprising:

[0119] Air enters through the inlet and is sequentially treated by a pre-filtration device, electrostatic dust removal by an electrostatic dust removal device, and harmful gas removal and purification by a harmful gas removal device before being discharged.

[0120] The programmable logic controller 1 controls and adjusts the operating parameters of the automatic water washing system 7 based on the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator and the air purification effect, thereby automatically washing the electrostatic precipitator. After automatic water washing, the electrostatic precipitator is initially started with a first voltage. The step-by-step start-up module of the electrostatic precipitator gradually increases the voltage to a second voltage based on feedback information from the electrostatic precipitator, and continues to operate the electrostatic precipitator. The first voltage is 0.3 to 0.7 times the second voltage. The feedback information includes the current magnitude. In other words, after automatic water washing, the electrostatic precipitator is initially started with a first voltage. The step-by-step start-up module of the electrostatic precipitator gradually increases the voltage to a second voltage based on feedback information from the electrostatic precipitator, and continues to operate the electrostatic precipitator.

[0121] The air purification effect is obtained by the air monitoring system 3 through real-time monitoring of air parameters. These air parameters include nitrogen oxide content, carbon oxide content, particulate matter content, and meteorological conditions. The meteorological conditions include air pressure, air humidity, and air temperature. They also include air velocity and wind direction. The operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator include voltage values. The operating parameters of the automatic water washing system 7 include water flow rate and / or cleaning agent flow rate. When the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator or the air parameters exceed the set values, the alarm module will trigger an alarm.

[0122] The automatic water washing system's operating parameter control module measures the air purification effect based on data such as PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations before and after the filter. The percentage of the difference in PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations before and after the filter to the ratio of the dust concentrations before and after the filter is expressed by the following formula:

[0123]

[0124] In the formula, C1 and C2 are the PM2.5 concentration or PM10 concentration before and after the filter, respectively.

[0125] The automatic water washing process includes: first adding cleaning agent to the ion box, then soaking for a delayed period, then rinsing the ion box, and then cleaning the electrostatic dust removal device; the air valves before and after the automatic water washing are closed, and the air valves are opened before the tunnel ventilation fan starts running after the automatic water washing is completed.

[0126] In this embodiment, when the electrostatic precipitator is restarted after automatic cleaning, it is first started with a lower first voltage. At this time, since there are still water droplets on the surface of the electrostatic precipitator, the water droplets may cause a short circuit and the electrical clearance will decrease. After the first voltage is started, the current magnitude is fed back to the electrostatic precipitator step-by-step start-up module. When the current magnitude is less than the alarm value, the voltage is increased and the current magnitude is fed back again. This cycle continues until the voltage reaches the second voltage value, so that the electrostatic precipitator can operate stably.

[0127] The intelligent air purification device for tunnels provided in this embodiment enables stable and reliable operation of the electrostatic dust removal device, reduces labor costs, and improves the overall operating effect of the electrostatic dust removal device; it can achieve 24-hour real-time remote monitoring and program updates, ensuring the safety of tunnel operation.

[0128] Example 2

[0129] This embodiment provides an intelligent air purification device for tunnels. Except for the absence of a dehumidification device 6 and its connection relationship, the intelligent purification device is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0130] Compared with Example 2, Example 1 adds a dehumidification device 6, which is more conducive to the stable operation of the electrostatic dust removal device and the harmful gas removal device.

[0131] Example 3

[0132] This embodiment provides an intelligent air purification device for tunnels. Except for the activated carbon wall, which is not designed to be bent, the intelligent purification device is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0133] Compared with Example 3, Example 1 increases the windward area and reduces the oncoming wind speed passing through the carbon wall, ensuring that the activated carbon can sufficiently adsorb harmful substances in the air.

[0134] Example 4

[0135] This embodiment provides an intelligent air purification device for tunnels. Except that the first voltage is 0.2 times the second voltage, the intelligent purification device is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0136] Example 5

[0137] This embodiment provides an intelligent air purification device for tunnels. Except that the first voltage is 0.8 times the second voltage, the intelligent purification device is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0138] Compared with Examples 4 and 5, Example 1 has a first voltage that is 0.3 to 0.7 times that of the second voltage, while Examples 4 and 5 have 0.2 and 0.8 times respectively. Example 1 can start quickly with the first voltage after washing, and the starting current is moderate, preventing dangerous situations such as short circuits. The voltage steadily increases to the second voltage over time, and the current is relatively stable without alarms. However, in Example 4, the starting time is more than twice that of Example 1 due to the low first voltage, resulting in a slow start. In Example 5, the starting time causes a current alarm that forces the device to stop, significantly reducing safety performance.

[0139] Comparative Example 1

[0140] This comparative example provides an air purification device for tunnels. Except for the absence of the automatic water washing system 7 and the automatic water washing air valve system 8 and their connection relationship, the purification device is the same as that in Example 1.

[0141] Compared with Comparative Example 1, Example 1 can achieve automatic water washing of the electrostatic precipitator by combining air monitoring data and electrostatic dust removal operation data, while Comparative Example 1 can only be cleaned manually based on the dust removal efficiency operation data of the electrostatic precipitator, which results in high labor costs.

[0142] Comparative Example 2

[0143] This comparative example provides an air purification device for tunnels. Except for the absence of an electrostatic dust removal device step-by-step start-up module and its connection relationship, the purification device is the same as that in Example 1.

[0144] Compared with Comparative Example 2, Example 1 can steadily start the electrostatic precipitator when there are still water droplets on its surface. This not only increases the running time of the electrostatic precipitator but also reduces the occurrence of short circuits. In contrast, Comparative Example 2 can only be started after the electrostatic precipitator has been dry for a long time, or it can cause frequent short circuits and significantly reduce the lifespan of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0145] In summary, the intelligent air purification device and method for tunnels provided by this invention can achieve continuous air purification through automatic control of electrostatic dust removal devices and automatic water washing systems, ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire system; it can also achieve remote control and program updates, and can ensure 24-hour real-time monitoring.

[0146] The applicant declares that the detailed structural features of the present invention are illustrated through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to the present invention, equivalent substitutions for the components selected in the present invention, additions of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent air purification in tunnels, characterized in that, The intelligent purification method is carried out using an intelligent purification device, which includes an electrostatic dust removal device, an automatic water washing system connected to the electrostatic dust removal device, and a programmable logic controller. The programmable logic controller is equipped with a step-by-step start-up module for the electrostatic precipitator, which controls the step-by-step start-up of the electrostatic precipitator. The programmable logic controller is equipped with an automatic water washing system operating parameter control module; The automatic water washing system operation parameter control module controls and adjusts the operation parameters of the automatic water washing system according to the operation parameters of the electrostatic dust removal device. The automatic washing system includes a water storage component, a cleaning agent storage component, a material conveying system, and a pipeline nozzle system connected to the electrostatic dust removal device; the electrostatic dust removal device also includes an electrostatic dust removal damper system, which includes a front damper and a rear damper. The intelligent purification device also includes a dehumidifier connected to the electrostatic dust removal device and the harmful gas removal device respectively; the harmful gas removal device has a bent design; the electrostatic dust removal plate in the electrostatic dust removal device is long and narrow, and the two long sides of the electrostatic dust removal plate are wavy; the cross-section of the electrostatic dust removal plate is elliptical, that is, it is pointed at both ends and wide in the middle. The intelligent purification method includes: Air undergoes electrostatic treatment by an electrostatic dust removal device within the intelligent purification device. The programmable logic controller controls and adjusts the operating parameters of the automatic water washing system based on the operating parameters of the electrostatic dust removal device and the air purification effect, thereby automatically washing the electrostatic dust removal device. After automatic water washing, the electrostatic precipitator is started with a first voltage. The step-by-step start-up module of the electrostatic precipitator gradually increases the voltage to a second voltage based on the feedback information from the electrostatic precipitator, and continues to operate the electrostatic precipitator. The first voltage is 0.3 to 0.7 times the second voltage.

2. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent purification device is equipped with a pre-filter, an electrostatic dust removal device, and a harmful gas removal device arranged sequentially along the airflow direction.

3. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent purification device also includes an air delivery device.

4. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material conveying system comprises a material conveying device and pipeline opening and closing components.

5. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The programmable logic controller is connected to the material conveying system and adjusts and controls the material conveying device and pipeline opening and closing components according to the operating parameters of the electrostatic dust removal device.

6. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent purification device also includes a wastewater treatment system connected to the automatic water washing system.

7. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The programmable logic controller includes a remote debugging module for remote control.

8. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The programmable logic controller also includes an alarm module for fault alerting.

9. The intelligent purification method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The alarm module is connected to a mobile device.

10. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent purification device also includes an air monitoring system positioned in the direction of airflow.

11. The intelligent purification method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The air monitoring system is connected to the programmable logic controller.

12. The intelligent purification method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The air monitoring system includes nitrogen oxide sensors, carbon oxide sensors, ozone sensors, particulate matter sensors, and a weather station.

13. The intelligent purification method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The nitrogen oxide sensor includes at least two sets of light emitting components and light receiving components, and the light path formed by the light emitting components is perpendicular to the air flow direction.

14. The intelligent purification method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The carbon oxide sensor includes a carbon monoxide sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor.

15. The intelligent purification method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The particulate sensor includes a light-scattering laser photometric component.

16. The intelligent purification method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The weather station includes temperature sensing components, pressure sensing components, and humidity sensing components.

17. The intelligent purification method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The weather station also includes ultrasonic sensing components.

18. The intelligent purification method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Air enters through the inlet and is sequentially treated by a pre-filtration device, an electrostatic dust removal device, and a harmful gas removal device before being discharged.

19. The intelligent purification method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The air purification effect is obtained by real-time monitoring of air parameters by an air monitoring system.

20. The intelligent purification method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The air parameters include nitrogen oxide content, carbon oxide content, ozone sensor readings, particulate matter content, and weather conditions.

21. The intelligent purification method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The meteorological conditions include air pressure, air humidity, and air temperature.

22. The intelligent purification method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The meteorological conditions also include flow velocity and wind direction.

23. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator include voltage values.

24. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating parameters of the automatic washing system include water flow rate and / or detergent flow rate.

25. The intelligent purification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feedback information includes the current magnitude.

26. The intelligent purification method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the operating parameters or air parameters of the electrostatic dust removal device exceed the set values, the alarm module will trigger an alarm.

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