A grating external type main target spectrum telescope and a spectrum sky survey method

Abstract

The application provides a grating external type main target spectrum telescope, and belongs to the technical field of space target spectrum detection, which comprises a main target grating, a parabolic sub-mirror, a slit and a secondary dispersion system which are placed along an optical path in sequence; the main target grating is placed in a band-shaped and planar form at the front end of the telescope, receives light emitted from a target object and diffracts the light; the parabolic sub-mirror reflects the light diffracted from the main target grating and converges the light in the slit; the slit is located at the focal point of the parabolic sub-mirror; and the secondary dispersion system is used for dispersing the convergent light in the slit to an image plane. The application further provides a spectrum sky survey method of the grating external type main target spectrum telescope. The application replaces a main mirror with a bendable and coiled main target grating, places the main target grating at the front end of the telescope and forms the grating external type main target spectrum telescope, thereby breaking through the bottleneck of a large aperture of the telescope and maximizing the detection field of view to improve the astronomical spectrum observation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of space target spectral detection technology, and specifically relates to a grating-external main target spectral telescope and a spectral survey method. Background Technology

[0002] Increasing the aperture of a telescope can effectively improve the resolution of nearby targets, while simultaneously enhancing its light-gathering ability according to a square law. This improves the signal-to-noise ratio of imaging faint targets and expands the limits of detection capabilities, enabling the exploration of the deeper reaches of the universe. Therefore, large-aperture, wide-field telescopes are crucial for verifying the latest cosmological theories and increasing academic influence in fields such as time-domain astronomy.

[0003] Large-aperture telescopes (LATs) have seen rapid development in recent decades, with their apertures and fields of view constantly expanding to achieve higher survey efficiency and light-gathering capabilities. In the field of space target spectral detection, the size of the primary mirror of a survey telescope determines the resolution and quality of the optical system, but the fabrication of the primary mirror and the size of the fairing limit its overall size.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a telescope with high angular and spectral resolution that can overcome the bottleneck of large aperture telescopes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a grating-external main target spectroscopic telescope and a spectroscopic survey method. This invention replaces the primary mirror with a flexible, rollable main target grating and places it at the front end of the telescope to form a grating-external main target spectroscopic telescope, which breaks through the bottleneck of large aperture telescopes. The ultra-large detection field of view can maximize the efficiency of astronomical spectroscopic observation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an externally mounted grating primary target spectroscopic telescope, comprising a primary target grating, a parabolic secondary mirror, a slit, and a secondary dispersion system arranged sequentially along the optical path;

[0007] The main target grating is placed in a strip shape in a planar form at the front end of the telescope to receive and diffract the light emitted from the target object;

[0008] The parabolic secondary mirror reflects the light diffracted from the primary target grating and converges it into the slit; the slit is located at the focal point of the parabolic secondary mirror.

[0009] The secondary dispersion system is used to disperse the converging light in the slit to the image plane.

[0010] Furthermore, the main target grating is bendable; when the telescope is on the ground, the main target grating can be rolled up on a specific material; when the telescope reaches its space orbit, the main target grating can be unfolded into a strip-shaped plane through a support structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the main target grating operates in the spectral region of ±1 order or higher; the length of the main target grating is on the order of hundreds of meters or more, and its spectral dispersive ability is on the order of pm or higher.

[0012] Furthermore, the main target grating is fabricated using holographic technology and employs thin-film materials; the main target grating is a reflective or transmissive external grating.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescope has a field of view greater than 50° and can operate on a ground-based platform, on the lunar surface, or in space orbit.

[0014] Furthermore, the target object is an exoplanet, dark matter, or other luminous moving space object.

[0015] The present invention also provides a spectral survey method using a telescope as described above, wherein the target object is incident on the main target grating at a specific angle, the main target grating diffracts the incident light onto the parabolic secondary mirror, and the light is focused on the slit by the parabolic secondary mirror. At this fixed angle, the secondary dispersion system obtains a fixed wavelength of the target object.

[0016] Furthermore, when the telescope observes for one period, it records the spectra of multiple targets within that observation period.

[0017] Furthermore, when the telescope scans the target object, it acquires the continuous spectrum of the target object.

[0018] The advantages of the above technical solution adopted in this invention are:

[0019] The external grating main target spectroscopic telescope of the present invention replaces the primary mirror with a flexible, rollable main target grating placed at the front end of the telescope, forming an external grating main target spectroscopic telescope with high angular resolution and high spectral resolution. It breaks through the bottleneck of large aperture telescopes, and the ultra-large detection field of view can maximize the efficiency of astronomical spectroscopic observation, which is of great significance for the detection of space spectroscopic targets. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of an externally mounted grating main target spectroscopic telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention (the main target grating is a transmission type);

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of an externally mounted grating main target spectroscopic telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention (the main target grating is a reflective type);

[0023] Figure labeling: A - primary target grating; B - parabolic secondary mirror; C - slit; D - secondary dispersion system; E - spectrum. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown in the schematic diagram, the optical path structure of the externally mounted grating primary target spectroscopic telescope provided by the present invention mainly consists of a primary target grating A, a secondary mirror B, a slit C, and a secondary dispersion system D. The target object is incident on the primary target grating A at a specific angle. The primary target grating A diffracts the incident light onto the parabolic secondary mirror B (the primary target grating can be either transmission or reflection type). The light is then focused onto the slit C by the parabolic secondary mirror B. At this fixed angle, the secondary dispersion system D acquires a fixed wavelength of the target. When the target object scans relative to the externally mounted grating primary target spectroscopic telescope, the target's spectrum E is formed.

[0026] The primary target grating A is placed at the very front of the external grating primary target spectroscopic telescope. It receives light from multiple targets, diffracts the light from the targets, and transmits it to the parabolic secondary mirror B at the rear.

[0027] The parabolic secondary mirror B is placed off-axis at the rear end of the primary target grating A, reflecting the light diffracted from the primary target grating A and converging it into the slit C, which is located at the focal point of the parabolic secondary mirror C.

[0028] A secondary dispersion system D is placed at the rear end of slit C to disperse the light converged by the parabolic secondary mirror B, forming spectrum E. When the target object is at a fixed angle relative to the external grating primary target spectroscopic telescope, the secondary dispersion system D acquires a single wavelength of the target. When the target is scanned relative to the external grating primary target spectroscopic telescope, the secondary dispersion system D acquires the continuous spectrum of the target. The spectra of multiple targets can be measured within one observation cycle.

[0029] The main target grating A is bendable. When the external grating main target spectroscopic telescope is on the ground, the main target grating A can be rolled up onto a specific material. When the external grating main target spectroscopic telescope reaches its space orbit, the main target grating A can be unfolded into a strip-shaped plane through a supporting structure. Under normal application conditions, the main target grating A operates in ±1 order, and can also operate in higher spectral orders depending on the spectrum and scanning conditions. The size of the main target grating A can reach a scale of hundreds of meters or more. The grating dispersive power and spectral resolution of the external grating main target spectroscopic telescope can be far higher than the pm level. The main target grating A can be fabricated using holographic technology and can be made of thin film material. The main target grating A can be a reflective external grating or a transmissive external grating.

[0030] The externally mounted grating primary target spectroscopic telescope can achieve an ultra-wide field of view of over 50° and can operate on ground, the lunar surface, and in space orbit. Target objects include exoplanets, dark matter, or other luminous moving space objects.

[0031] This invention also provides a spectroscopic survey method using a grating-external primary target spectroscopic telescope as described above. The target object is incident on the primary target grating A at a specific angle. The primary target grating A diffracts the incident light onto the parabolic secondary mirror B. The light is focused onto the slit C by the parabolic secondary mirror B. At this fixed angle, the secondary dispersion system D acquires a fixed wavelength of the target object. When the grating-external primary target spectroscopic telescope measures one period, it records the spectra of multiple targets within the observation period. When the grating-external primary target spectroscopic telescope scans the target object, it acquires the continuous spectrum of the target object. The grating-external primary target spectroscopic telescope can locate stationary targets or other moving luminous targets based on the spectrum.

[0032] The external grating main target spectroscopic telescope of the present invention replaces the primary mirror with a flexible, rollable main target grating placed at the front end of the telescope, forming an external grating main target spectroscopic telescope with high angular resolution and high spectral resolution. It breaks through the bottleneck of large aperture telescopes, and the ultra-large detection field of view can maximize the efficiency of astronomical spectroscopic observation, which is of great significance for the detection of space spectroscopic targets.

[0033] Of course, the present invention can have various modifications and variations, and is not limited to the specific structure of the above-described embodiments. In summary, the scope of protection of the present invention should include those modifications, substitutions, and variations that are obvious to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A grating-external type main target spectroscopic telescope, characterized in that, It includes a primary target grating, a parabolic secondary mirror, a slit, and a secondary dispersion system placed sequentially along the optical path; The main target grating is placed in a strip shape in a planar form at the front end of the telescope to receive and diffract the light emitted from the target object; The parabolic secondary mirror reflects the light diffracted from the primary target grating and converges it into the slit. The slit is located at the focal point of the parabolic secondary mirror; The secondary dispersion system is used to disperse the converging light in the slit to the image plane; The main target grating is bendable. When the telescope is on the ground, the main target grating can be rolled up on a specific material. When the telescope reaches its space orbit, the main target grating can be unfolded into a strip-shaped plane through a support structure.

2. The externally mounted grating primary target spectroscopic telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main target grating operates in the spectral region of ±1 order or higher; the length of the main target grating is on the order of hundreds of meters or more, and its spectral dispersive ability is on the order of pm or higher.

3. The externally mounted grating primary target spectroscopic telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main target grating is fabricated using holographic technology and is made of thin film material; the main target grating is a reflective or transmissive external grating.

4. The externally mounted grating main target spectroscopic telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescope has a field of view greater than 50° and can operate on a ground-based platform, on the lunar surface, or in space orbit.

5. The externally mounted grating primary target spectroscopic telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target object is an exoplanet, dark matter, or other luminous moving space object.

6. A spectroscopic survey method using a telescope as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The target object is incident on the main target grating at a specific angle. The main target grating diffracts the incident light onto the parabolic secondary mirror. The light is focused onto the slit by the parabolic secondary mirror. At this specific angle, the secondary dispersion system obtains a fixed wavelength of the target object.

7. The spectroscopic survey method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the telescope observes for one period, it records the spectra of multiple targets within that period.

8. The spectroscopic survey method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the telescope scans the target object, it acquires the continuous spectrum of the target object.

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