Metal tailings treatment device based on resource recycling

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of resource recycling, and particularly relates to a metal tailing treatment device based on resource recycling; the device comprises a flotation device, the flotation device comprises a flotation tank and a flotation machine body installed at the middle position of the flotation tank; the device further comprises a crushing and flow guiding unit, the crushing and flow guiding unit comprises a flow guiding rod and a crushing block, and is used for crushing the caked part in the material; the flow guiding plate on the side close to the stirring impeller of the flow guiding rod is upwardly rotated, so that the material flowing out under the action of the stirring impeller is stirred by the upwardly rotating flow guiding plate and flows upward at a higher speed, and the circulating flow process is more stable and efficient; the rod-shaped crushing block at the end of the flow guiding plate impacts the material in the contact process, the caked part in the material is effectively crushed under the knocking action of the crushing block, and the material is further refined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of resource recycling technology, specifically a metal tailings processing device based on resource recycling. Background Technology

[0002] Zinc possesses excellent electromagnetic field resistance. Its conductivity is 29% that of standard electrical copper, making zinc plates a highly effective shielding material. Furthermore, zinc's non-magnetic nature makes it suitable for instrument parts, instrument housings, and coins. Zinc also does not produce sparks when it collides with other metals, making it suitable for use in underground explosion-proof equipment. It is widely used in industries such as rubber, coatings, enamel, pharmaceuticals, printing, and textiles. Lead is a raw material for manufacturing batteries, cables, bullets, and ammunition, and is also an additive in gasoline. Lead compounds are used as raw materials for pigments, glass, plastics, and rubber. Due to its excellent resistance to acid and alkali corrosion, metallic lead is widely used in the manufacture of chemical and metallurgical equipment. Lead alloys are used in bearings, type fittings, and solder. In addition, lead has been used for new applications, such as as a stabilizer for asphalt to extend road surface life; in the manufacture of nuclear power plant shielding and nuclear waste storage tanks; high-power battery packs for load regulation in the power sector; and magnetohydrodynamic devices. Lead, zinc, and other metallic elements are present in tailings. Failure to recover these metals often leads to resource waste. Furthermore, the large amounts of these metals in tailings can leach out during rain, forming acidic mine wastewater that damages farmland and crops, polluting the environment. Therefore, extracting and recovering these metals from tailings to maximize resource utilization is highly significant. The recovery of these metals utilizes a series of mineral processing equipment, similar to flotation machines. Existing technologies also include some technical solutions for mineral flotation machines. For example, a Chinese patent with application number CN201910712137.2 discloses a mechanical flotation machine. A drive assembly is installed on the top surface of the mounting frame, a positioning tube is fixedly installed in the middle of the top surface of the mounting frame, a first bearing is sleeved on the top of the transmission tube, an anti-sedimentation assembly is installed on one side of the transmission tube, a vent pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the connection hole, a rotating ring is movably sleeved in the middle of the air jet pipe, a bubble scraping assembly is installed on the top of the partition plate, an anti-sand assembly is installed in the middle of the scraper shaft, a water storage tank is opened at the top of the inner part of the shaft seat, and a water inlet pipe is sleeved on the outer side of the second bearing. This invention can directly send a large amount of air into the rotor through the transmission tube, increasing the aeration volume. The transmission tube drives the vent pipe to rotate, stirring the sediment while spraying out bubbles, causing the mineral particles in the sediment to combine with the bubbles. Water is pumped in, and the water is sprayed out from the gap between the shaft seat and the scraper shaft, washing away the solid particles between the shaft seat and the scraper shaft. A water film is formed between the shaft seat and the scraper shaft, improving the lubrication effect.

[0003] However, the above invention did not take into account that, because some tailings contain a lot of clay and impurities, even after grinding, some materials may still clump together during circulation. The clumps not only restrict the release of lead concentrate during the flow and prevent it from floating out and being collected by the foam, but also cause the equipment to be impacted by the clumps during circulation. This can easily lead to unstable connections and structural deformation of moving parts such as equipment components in the circulating pump and agitator impeller due to repeated impacts during contact, affecting the collection of lead concentrate from the tailings. It can also increase the damage rate of components, reduce service life, and increase production costs.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, the technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery, comprising a flotation device, wherein the flotation device includes a flotation cell and a flotation body installed in the middle of the flotation cell; the flotation body includes: A housing, which is installed in the middle of the flotation cell; A mixing hopper is located inside the casing near the top. The machine shaft is rotatably mounted in the middle of the housing, with its top extending through the top of the housing. The machine shaft is connected to the output shaft of a drive motor mounted on the outside of the flotation cell via a belt drive. The bottom of the machine shaft extends through the bottom opening of the housing. A stirring impeller is mounted at the bottom of the machine shaft; A false bottom plate is movably installed inside the flotation cell at a position below the stirring impeller. A partition is fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the flotation cell, such that the inner area of ​​the flotation cell is divided into an upstream channel located between the partitions and a downstream channel located between the partitions and the side wall of the flotation cell. A logistics circulation unit is used to circulate and transport the material flowing out of the downstream channel to the mixing silo; An air guiding unit, which is mounted on the machine shaft, is used to guide outside air into the material; It also includes a crushing and guiding unit, comprising: A guide rod is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the flotation cell on both sides of the stirring impeller via a fixing rod; guide plates are evenly installed on the side wall of the guide rod. The guide plate is uniformly provided with crushing blocks to break up the agglomerated parts of the material.

[0006] Preferably, the logistics cycle unit includes: The circulation outlet is located at the middle position of the bottom of the flotation cell, below the false bottom plate; A flow guide port is located on the false base plate at a position corresponding to the downstream channel; A circulation pipe, one end of which is connected to the circulation outlet, and the other end of which is introduced into the mixing hopper; A circulation pump, installed in the middle of the circulation pipe, is used to provide power for the circulation flow of materials.

[0007] A scraper shaft is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the flotation cell above the downstream channel, and scrapers are evenly mounted on the scraper shaft. The discharge trough is located at the top of the side wall of the flotation cell, directly opposite the scraper. The outlet end of the discharge trough extends into the outside of the flotation cell. A recovery trough is provided on the outside of the flotation cell, corresponding to the outlet end of the discharge trough.

[0008] Preferably, the air guiding unit includes: An air guide channel is provided inside the machine shaft; An air guide tube is installed at the top inlet of the air guide channel via a rotary joint; A jet nozzle is disposed on the machine shaft and communicates with the interior of the air guide channel.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom end of the machine shaft passes through the dummy base plate and is slidably connected to the dummy base plate; the dummy base plate is hollow inside to form a cavity No. 1, which is connected to the interior of the air guide channel, and an impact port is provided on the upper surface of the dummy base plate at a position near the machine shaft on the guide rod.

[0010] Preferably, a baffle is provided at the opening of the impact hole, one side of the baffle is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the impact hole, and a torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection of the baffle.

[0011] Preferably, the baffle end is uniformly provided with cleaning rods, the ends of the cleaning rods are inclined towards the direction of the guide plate, and the width of the cleaning rod ends is smaller than the gap width between adjacent broken blocks on the guide plate.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning rod has a tubular structure, and the air inlet end of the cleaning rod is located on the side close to the impact port.

[0013] Preferably, the baffle surface is provided with a plurality of drainage grooves evenly distributed on the side near the impact port, and the ends of the drainage grooves extend to the air inlet end of the cleaning rod.

[0014] Preferably, the dummy bottom plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the flotation cell, and a telescopic device is installed between the lower surface of the dummy bottom plate and the bottom of the flotation cell.

[0015] Preferably, intercepting rods are evenly provided on the side of the bottom sidewall of the partition plate near the sidewall of the flotation cell, and the ends of the intercepting rods are sharp; a crushing rod is provided below the gap between the intercepting rods, and the bottom of the crushing rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the false bottom plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery described in this invention rotates the guide plate on the guide rod near the stirring impeller upwards. This causes the material flowing out under the action of the stirring impeller to be agitated by the upwardly rotating guide plate and accelerate its upward flow, making the circulation process more stable and efficient. The rod-shaped crushing blocks at the end of the guide plate impact the material during contact, effectively breaking up any agglomerated parts of the material and further refining the material.

[0017] 2. The metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery described in this invention features a false bottom plate penetrating the bottom of the shaft, with the first cavity communicating with the interior of the air guiding channel. Therefore, when the air guiding device is in operation, a portion of the air is sent into the first cavity and flows out through the impact port. Because the impact port is positioned directly opposite the guide rod near the shaft, the air flowing out of the impact port provides power for the rotation of the guide plate. This eliminates the need for installing motors or other power equipment, allowing the guide plate to rotate smoothly and effectively guide and break up agglomerates. Furthermore, the air flowing out through the impact port mixes with the material from below the downstream channel, accelerating the upward flow of the material and increasing the circulation flow, thereby improving recovery efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle and guide plate in this invention. Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the partition in this invention; In the diagram: Flotation cell 1, Flotation machine body 2, Machine casing 21, Mixing bin 22, Machine shaft 23, Belt 231, Agitator impeller 24, False bottom plate 25, No. 1 cavity 251, Impact port 252, Crushing rod 253, Baffle 26, Upstream channel 261, Downstream channel 262, Interception rod 263, Baffle 27, Cleaning rod 271, Diversion channel 272, Telescopic device 273, Logistics circulation unit 3, Circulation outlet 31, Guide port 32, Circulation pipe 33, Scraper shaft 34, Scraper 341, Discharge chute 35, Recovery chute 36, Air guiding unit 4, Air guiding channel 41, Air guiding pipe 42, Jet nozzle 43, Crushing and guiding unit 5, Guide rod 51, Guide plate 511, Crushed block 512. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 5 The metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery shown includes a flotation device, which includes a flotation cell 1 and a flotation body 2 installed in the middle of the flotation cell 1. To prevent environmental pollution caused by lead, zinc, and other metals contained in copper-sulfur tailings during the reaction and discharge process, and to fully and thoroughly recover valuable lead, zinc, and other metals to reduce waste and improve efficiency, resource recovery treatment of copper-sulfur tailings is necessary. Specifically, the tailings are first finely ground to prepare a slurry. Sulfuric acid is then introduced to adjust the pH of the slurry to a suitable value, depending on the actual situation; this is based on existing technology. After thorough mixing, the mixture is filtered to obtain an acid leaching solution and acid leaching residue. The acid leaching residue is washed, and appropriate amounts of sodium sulfide, butyl xanthate, and butylamine black are added. After stirring, it is subjected to aerated flotation using a flotation device to obtain lead concentrate. Polyacrylamide is added to the acid leaching solution, followed by sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH. After filtration, slag zinc is obtained. The obtained lead concentrate and slag zinc are then washed and enriched, thus achieving effective recovery of lead, zinc, and other metals from the tailings. Furthermore, because the flotation unit 2 includes: The housing 21 is installed in the middle of the flotation cell 1; Mixing hopper 22 is located inside the casing 21 near the top. The shaft 23 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the housing 21, and the top of the shaft 23 extends through the top of the housing 21. The shaft 23 is driven to the output shaft of the drive motor installed on the outside of the flotation cell 1 via a belt 231. The bottom of the shaft 23 extends through the bottom opening of the housing 21. A stirring impeller 24 is installed at the bottom of the machine shaft 23; The false bottom plate 25 is movably installed inside the flotation cell 1, located below the stirring impeller 24. The partition 26 is fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the flotation cell 1, so that the inner area of ​​the flotation cell 1 is divided into an upstream channel 261 located between the partitions 26 and a downstream channel 262 located between the partitions 26 and the side wall of the flotation cell 1. The logistics circulation unit 3 is used to circulate and transport the material flowing out of the downstream channel 262 to the mixing bin 22. The air guiding unit 4 is installed on the machine shaft 23 to guide outside air into the material; Therefore, in the above-mentioned aerated flotation process, the specific working process is as follows: In the prior art, after the pre-treated material is poured in, the corresponding drive motor is started. Drive wheels are installed at corresponding positions on the motor output shaft and the machine housing 21, and the drive wheels are connected by a belt 231. After the drive motor starts, the belt 231 drives the machine shaft 23 to rotate, and the rotating machine shaft 23 drives the stirring impeller 24 to rotate, which accelerates the flow of nearby material. The air guiding unit 4 introduces outside air and mixes the air into the material during the stirring process, so that the effective minerals in the material are separated from the slag and impurities in other materials during the stirring process, and they are attached to the air bubbles and float up along the upper flow channel 261. Furthermore, because logistics cycle unit 3 includes: The circulation outlet 31 is located at the middle position of the bottom of the flotation cell 1 below the false bottom plate 25; The flow guide 32 is located on the false bottom plate 25 at a position corresponding to the downstream channel 262; The circulation pipe 33 has one end connected to the circulation outlet 31 and the other end introduced into the mixing bin 22. A circulation pump is installed in the middle of the circulation pipe 33 to provide power for the circulation flow of materials.

[0022] Scraper 341 shaft 34 is rotatably installed on the side wall of flotation cell 1 above the downstream channel 262, and scrapers 341 are evenly installed on scraper 341 shaft 34. The discharge trough 35 is located at the top of the side wall of the flotation cell 1, directly opposite the scraper 341. The outlet end of the discharge trough 35 extends into the outside of the flotation cell 1. A recovery trough 36 is provided on the outside of the flotation cell 1, corresponding to the outlet end of the discharge trough 35. Therefore, the motor connected to the end of the scraper 341 shaft 34, which starts synchronously, drives the scraper 341 shaft 34 and scraper 341 to rotate. The rotating scraper 341 pushes the foam that has flowed up to the liquid surface, causing it to flow into the discharge trough 35 and then into the recovery trough 36. In the recovery trough 36, after subsequent washing and filtration, concentrate is obtained. The undischarged material flows into the downstream channel 262 after passing through the rotating scraper 341. Due to the isolation and limiting effect of the baffle 26, the materials flowing in the downstream channel 262 and the upstream channel do not interfere with each other and flow smoothly. The material flows downwards; part of it is remixed into the material flowing upwards, while another part enters the gap area below the false bottom plate 25 through the guide port 32 of the false bottom plate 25. Under the action of the circulation pump, it flows into the circulation outlet 31 through the guide port 32 and into the circulation pipe 33, flowing into the mixing chamber 22 of the casing 21. The shaft 23 is also equipped with an agitator impeller 24 in the mixing chamber 22, which makes the material in it fully mixed. During the downward flow, it is aerated and mixed again by the agitator impeller 24 at the bottom and then flows into the upward channel 261. During the aforementioned circulating flow process, the effective minerals in the material, namely lead concentrate, are repeatedly collected, improving the recovery rate. However, because some tailings contain a lot of clay and impurities, even after grinding, some materials may still clump during the circulating flow. The clumped material not only restricts the release of the lead concentrate it contains during the flow and prevents it from floating out and being collected under the action of foam, but also causes a large impact on the equipment during the circulating flow. This can easily lead to unstable connections and structural deformation of moving parts such as equipment components in the circulating pump and the agitator impeller 24 due to repeated impacts during contact. This affects the collection of lead concentrate from the tailings, increases the component damage rate, reduces service life, and increases production costs. Therefore, this application proposes a metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery, which includes a crushing and guiding unit 5 on the basis of the above structure; the crushing and guiding unit 5 includes: The guide rod 51 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the flotation cell 1 on both sides of the stirring impeller 24 via a fixed rod; guide plates 511 are evenly installed on the side wall of the guide rod 51. Crushing blocks 512 are evenly arranged at the end of the guide plate 511 to crush the agglomerated part of the material. In the specific working process, the guide rod 51 is rotated by external power. A specific implementation method could be, for example, installing a micro motor or motor on one side of the joint between the guide rod 51 and the fixed rod, and rotating it under the action of an external controller. This ensures that the guide plate 511 on the guide rod 51 near the stirring impeller 24 rotates upwards. This causes the material flowing out under the action of the stirring impeller 24 to be agitated by the upwardly rotating guide plate 511 and accelerates its upward flow, making the circulation process more stable and efficient. The rod-shaped crushing blocks 512 at the end of the guide plate 511 impact the material during contact, effectively breaking up any agglomerated parts of the material and further refining the material. Furthermore, in the downstream channel 262 and the upstream... The guide plate 511, which rotates between the flow channels 261, serves two purposes. First, it blocks the downstream collected and processed material, reducing its large-scale mixing into the upstream channel 261. It also prevents the material requiring recycling in the upstream channel 261 from flowing back into the downstream channel 262, thus affecting the collection rate of effective minerals in the circulating flow and improving recycling efficiency. Second, to avoid excessive load on the circulating pump, some material flows through the gap below the guide plate 511. During the process, the material flowing through the gap below is crushed by the crushing blocks 512 before contacting the impeller 24 and being driven upward. This further reduces the amount of agglomerated material and the impact on moving parts such as the impeller 24, improving the operational stability and service life of the equipment.

[0023] Furthermore, regarding the specific process by which the air guiding unit 4 introduces outside air into the material inside the flotation cell 1, since the air guiding unit 4 includes: Air guide channel 41 is located inside the machine shaft 23; Air guide tube 42 is installed at the top inlet of air guide channel 41 via a rotary joint; The jet nozzle 43 is mounted on the machine shaft 23 and communicates with the interior of the air guide channel 41; Specifically, the air guiding device connected to the other end of the air guiding pipe 42, such as an air pump, introduces air into the air guiding channel 41 through the air guiding pipe 42 after startup. The rotary joint ensures that the air is introduced into the air guiding channel 41 without affecting the smooth rotation of the machine shaft 23. The flowing air flows out through the jet nozzle 43 and mixes with the material being stirred by the stirring impeller 24, so that it is fully stirred and the material and air are fully mixed. This facilitates the formation of air bubbles and allows the effective mineral components in the material to adhere to the bubbles and float to the surface for effective collection.

[0024] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end of the shaft 23 passes through the dummy base plate 25 and is slidably connected to the dummy base plate 25; the interior of the dummy base plate 25 is hollow to form a first cavity 251, the first cavity 251 is connected to the interior of the air guide channel 41, and an impact port 252 is provided on the upper surface of the dummy base plate 25 at the position of the guide rod 51 near the shaft 23.

[0025] During operation, because the bottom end of the shaft 23 penetrates the false base plate 25, and the first cavity 251 is connected to the interior of the air guide channel 41, when the air guide device is in operation, a portion of the air is sent into the first cavity 251 and flows out through the impact port 252. Since the impact port 252 is directly opposite the side of the guide rod 51 near the shaft 23, the air flowing out of the impact port 252 can provide power for the rotation of the guide plate 511. This allows for the smooth rotation of the guide plate 511 without the need for a motor or other power equipment, and also enables it to guide airflow and... The function of the agglomeration breaking section is as follows: the air flowing out through the impact port 252 is mixed into the material from below the downstream channel 262, which accelerates the upward flow of the material, accelerates the circulation flow, and improves the recovery efficiency; and by increasing the angle of the channel for air mixing, the air and material are mixed more thoroughly, further improving the flotation efficiency; and by setting the bottom of the shaft 23 to extend into the inlet position of the circulation outlet 31, it can break up and clear agglomerates that may accumulate and clog again, further ensuring the smooth circulation flow.

[0026] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, a baffle 27 is provided at the opening position of the impact port 252. One side of the baffle 27 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the impact port 252, and a torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection of the baffle 27. Cleaning rods 271 are evenly provided at the end of the baffle 27. The end of the cleaning rod 271 is inclined towards the direction of the guide plate 511, and the width of the end of the cleaning rod 271 is smaller than the gap width between adjacent broken pieces 512 on the guide plate 511. During operation, to prevent material from entering cavity 251, a baffle 27 is rotatably installed at the outlet of impact port 252. A torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection of baffle 27. After air is injected into cavity 251, the air pressure causes baffle 27 to rotate and open impact port 252, allowing air to rush out and promoting gas-liquid mixing. After the reaction is complete, baffle 27 automatically closes under the action of the torsion spring, preventing a large amount of material from entering cavity 251. Cavity 251 is also periodically opened for cleaning to prevent any material that may have flowed in from accumulating over time and causing damage to the impact port. The blockage at 252; while the cleaning rod 271 on the end of the rotated baffle 27 approaches the crushed block 512, and during the rotation of the guide plate 511, because the cleaning rod 271 and the crushed block 512 are misaligned, the end of the cleaning rod 271 can pass through the gap area of ​​the rotating crushed block 512 and effectively clean the material adhering to the gap, ensuring that the crushed block 512 can work normally; and during the interleaving process, the cleaning rod 271 and the crushed block 512 squeeze and grind each other, so that the clumps of material that may adhere to the crushed block 512 are fully crushed under the squeezing action, further reducing the content of clumps of material; Furthermore, because the cleaning rod 271 has a tubular structure and the air inlet end of the cleaning rod 271 is on the side close to the impact port 252; Multiple drainage grooves 272 are evenly provided on the side of the baffle 27 near the impact port 252, and the ends of the drainage grooves 272 extend to the air inlet end of the cleaning rod 271.

[0027] Therefore, when a large amount of air flows out through the impact port 252, a portion of the air enters the cleaning rod 271 under the guidance of the diversion groove 272 and flows out through the end of the cleaning rod 271. In this way, on the one hand, when entering the gap area between the crushed blocks 512, the impact air flowing out through the end of the cleaning rod 271 can effectively impact and clean the attached material in the gap between the crushed blocks 512, further ensuring the normal functioning of the crushed blocks 512; on the other hand, micropores are uniformly opened on the side wall of the cleaning rod 271 near the end, and the impact air flows out through the micropores to wash away any material that may be attached to the surface of the cleaning rod 271, so that the material can participate more fully in the circulating flow and recycling; and the air flowing out through the micropores and the end of the cleaning rod 271 makes the air and material mix more thoroughly. While crushing the material, the agitation of the material causes the air to accelerate the formation of bubbles, which combine with the precipitated minerals and float to the surface, being fully recovered and improving the recovery rate.

[0028] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the dummy bottom plate 25 is slidably connected to the bottom of the flotation cell 1, and a telescopic device 278 is installed between the lower surface of the dummy bottom plate 25 and the bottom of the flotation cell 1; the bottom side wall of the partition plate 26 is uniformly provided with intercepting rods 263 on the side near the side wall of the flotation cell 1, and the ends of the intercepting rods 263 are sharp; a crushing rod 253 is provided below the gap between the intercepting rods 263, and the bottom of the crushing rod 253 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the dummy bottom plate 25.

[0029] Because in existing technologies, the dummy bottom plate 25 is a fixed structure, during the circulation process, some highly viscous materials may adhere to the bottom and thicken over time, making it difficult to clean and hindering circulation and final cleaning. Therefore, by making the dummy bottom plate 25 movable, during the recycling process, the telescopic device 278 is activated periodically. This telescopic device 278 can be a telescopic rod or telescopic cylinder, etc. After activation, it pushes the dummy bottom plate 25 upward. During this process, by setting the upward distance, it does not affect the normal rotation of the stirring impeller 24, nor does it affect the air supply from the air guide channel 41 to the first cavity 251. Subsequently, the telescopic device 278 is controlled to move the dummy bottom plate... The 25 plate moves downward and resets, repeating this process multiple times. This causes the material on the upper surface of the dummy bottom plate 25 to detach from the surface under the agitation, participating in the circulation process. When the material flows in the downstream channel 262, it may clump together. Therefore, an intercepting rod 263 is installed so that any clumps in the downstream material are crushed by impact with the sharp part at the upper end of the intercepting rod 263, further refining the material. When the dummy bottom plate 25 moves up and down, the connected crushing rod 253 passes through the gap between the intercepting rods 263. During the interlacing process, it cleans up any material that may adhere to the gap, further refining the material and ensuring normal material circulation while preventing blockage in the downstream channel 262.

[0030] The specific workflow is as follows: During operation, the tailings are first finely ground to prepare a slurry. Sulfuric acid is then introduced to adjust the pH of the slurry to a suitable value, depending on the specific conditions; this is an existing technology. After thorough mixing, the mixture is filtered to obtain an acid leaching solution and acid leaching residue. The acid leaching residue is washed and then treated with appropriate amounts of sodium sulfide, butyl xanthate, and butylamine black. After stirring, it is subjected to aerated flotation to obtain lead concentrate. Polyacrylamide is added to the acid leaching solution, followed by sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH. After filtration, zinc slag is obtained. The resulting lead concentrate and zinc slag are then washed and enriched, thus achieving effective recovery of lead, zinc, and other metals from the tailings. Specifically, in the above-mentioned aerated flotation process, the specific working process is as follows: In the prior art, after the pre-treated material is poured in, the corresponding drive motor is started. Drive wheels are installed at corresponding positions on the motor output shaft and the machine housing 21, and the drive wheels are connected by a belt 231. After the drive motor starts, the belt 231 drives the machine shaft 23 to rotate, and the rotating machine shaft 23 drives the stirring impeller 24 to rotate, which accelerates the flow of nearby material. The air guiding unit 4 introduces outside air and mixes the air into the material during the stirring process, so that the effective minerals in the material can be stirred. The slag and impurities in the material are separated and attached to the bubbles, floating upwards along the upstream channel 261. Then, a motor connected to the end of the scraper shaft 341, which starts synchronously, drives the scraper shaft 341 and scraper 341 to rotate. The rotating scraper 341 agitates the foam that has reached the liquid surface, causing it to flow into the discharge trough 35 and then into the recovery trough 36. In the recovery trough 36, it undergoes subsequent washing and filtration to obtain concentrate. The remaining material flows into the downstream channel 262 after passing through the rotating scraper 341. Due to the isolation and limiting effect of the baffle 26, the material flowing in the downstream channel 262 and the upstream channel do not interfere with each other. The material flows smoothly; part of the downstream material is remixed into the upstream material, while the other part enters the gap area below the false bottom plate 25 through the guide port 32, and flows into the circulation outlet 31 through the guide port 32 under the action of the circulation pump, and then into the circulation pipe 33, flowing into the mixing chamber 22 of the casing 21. The shaft 23 is also equipped with an agitator impeller 24 in the mixing chamber 22, ensuring thorough mixing of the material. During the downstream flow, the material is again aerated and mixed by the agitator impeller 24 at the bottom before flowing into the upstream channel 261. During the above-mentioned circulating flow process, the effective minerals in the material, namely lead concentrate, are... Repeated collection improves the recovery rate; however, because some tailings contain a lot of clay and impurities, even after grinding, some materials may still clump during circulation. The clumps not only restrict the release of lead concentrate during the flow and prevent it from floating out and being collected under the action of foam, but also cause a large impact on the equipment during circulation. This can easily lead to unstable connections and structural deformation of moving parts such as equipment components in the circulating pump and the agitator impeller 24 due to repeated impacts during contact. This affects the collection of lead concentrate from the tailings, increases the damage rate of components, reduces service life, and increases production costs.Therefore, this application proposes a metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery. Based on the above structure, a crushing and guiding unit 5 is set up. An external power source rotates the guiding rod 51. Specifically, a micro motor or motor can be installed on one side of the connection between the guiding rod 51 and the fixed rod, and rotated under the action of an external controller. This ensures that the guide plate 511 on the guiding rod 51 near the stirring impeller 24 rotates upwards. This causes the material flowing out under the action of the stirring impeller 24 to be agitated by the upwardly rotating guide plate 511 and accelerates its upward flow, making the circulation process more stable and efficient. The rod-shaped crushing blocks 512 at the end of the guide plate 511 impact the material during contact, effectively breaking up any agglomerated parts of the material under the impact of the crushing blocks 512. The guide plate 511, which rotates between the downstream channel 262 and the upstream channel 261, serves two purposes. First, it acts as a barrier to the downstream collected material, reducing its large-scale mixing into the upstream channel 261. It also prevents the material requiring recycling in the upstream channel 261 from flowing back into the downstream channel 262, thus affecting the collection rate of effective minerals during circulation and improving recovery efficiency. Second, to avoid excessive load on the circulating pump, some material flows through the gap below the guide plate 511. During this process, the material flowing through the gap is crushed by the crushing blocks 512 before contacting the impeller 24 and being driven upwards. This further reduces the amount of agglomerated material and the impact on moving parts like the impeller 24, improving the equipment's operational stability and service life.

[0031] The terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" all refer to the figures in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 Based on the perspective of the observer, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0033] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery, comprising a flotation device, the flotation device comprising a flotation cell and a flotation body installed at the middle position of the flotation cell; A logistics circulation unit is used to realize the circulation flow of materials inside the flotation cell; An air guiding unit is installed on the flotation machine body to introduce outside air into the material; Its characteristic is that it further includes a crushing and guiding unit, comprising: A guide rod is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the flotation cell on both sides of the flotation machine body via a fixed rod; guide plates are evenly installed on the side wall of the guide rod. The guide plate is uniformly provided with crushing blocks to crush the agglomerated parts of the material. The flotation unit includes: A housing, which is installed in the middle of the flotation cell; A mixing hopper is located inside the casing near the top. The machine shaft is rotatably mounted in the middle of the housing, with its top extending through the top of the housing. The machine shaft is connected to the output shaft of a drive motor mounted on the outside of the flotation cell via a belt drive. The bottom of the machine shaft extends through the bottom opening of the housing. A stirring impeller is mounted at the bottom of the machine shaft; A false bottom plate is movably installed inside the flotation cell at a position below the stirring impeller. A partition is fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the flotation cell, such that the inner area of ​​the flotation cell is divided into an upstream channel located between the partitions and a downstream channel located between the partitions and the side wall of the flotation cell. The logistics cycle unit includes: The circulation outlet is located at the middle position of the bottom of the flotation cell, below the false bottom plate; A flow guide port is located on the false base plate at a position corresponding to the downstream channel; A circulation pipe, one end of which is connected to the circulation outlet, and the other end of which is introduced into the mixing hopper; A circulation pump, which is installed in the middle of the circulation pipe, is used to provide power for the circulation flow of materials; A scraper shaft is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the flotation cell above the downstream channel, and scrapers are evenly mounted on the scraper shaft. The discharge trough is located at the top of the side wall of the flotation cell, directly opposite the scraper, and the outlet end of the discharge trough extends into the outside of the flotation cell. A recovery trough is provided on the outside of the flotation cell, corresponding to the outlet end of the discharge trough. The air guiding unit includes: An air guide channel is provided inside the machine shaft; An air guide tube is installed at the top inlet of the air guide channel via a rotary joint; A jet nozzle is disposed on the machine shaft and communicates with the interior of the air guide channel; The bottom end of the machine shaft passes through the dummy base plate and is slidably connected to the dummy base plate; the interior of the dummy base plate is hollow to form a cavity No. 1, which is connected to the interior of the air guide channel, and an impact port is provided on the upper surface of the dummy base plate at the position of the guide rod near the machine shaft; A baffle is provided at the opening of the impact port, and one side of the baffle is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the impact port. A torsion spring is provided at the rotatable connection of the baffle.

2. The metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle is provided with cleaning rods at its end. The ends of the cleaning rods are inclined toward the direction of the guide plate, and the width of the ends of the cleaning rods is smaller than the gap width between adjacent broken blocks on the guide plate.

3. A metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning rod has a tubular structure, and the air inlet end of the cleaning rod is located on the side close to the impact port.

4. A metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The baffle surface is provided with a plurality of drainage grooves evenly distributed on the side near the impact port, and the ends of the drainage grooves extend to the air inlet end of the cleaning rod.

5. A metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dummy bottom plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the flotation cell, and a telescopic device is installed between the lower surface of the dummy bottom plate and the bottom of the flotation cell.

6. A metal tailings treatment device based on resource recovery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom sidewall of the partition plate is uniformly provided with intercepting rods on the sidewall of the flotation cell, and the ends of the intercepting rods are sharp. Below the gap between the intercepting rods, there is a crushing rod, and the bottom of the crushing rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the false bottom plate.

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