An environmental dust real-time monitoring and early warning device based on the Internet of Things

Abstract

The application discloses an environmental dust real-time monitoring and early warning device based on Internet of Things, which comprises a monitoring box and a display screen, and an atmospheric particulate matter monitor is arranged in the monitoring box; filter papers are arranged on the atmospheric particulate matter monitor; the filter papers are circular and matched with the air inlet end of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor; a conveying mechanism for conveying the filter papers to the atmospheric particulate matter monitor in sequence is further arranged in the monitoring box; the conveying mechanism comprises conveying rings and a conveying belt; the conveying rings are arranged on the two sides of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor and can synchronously rotate; one end of the conveying belt is uniformly wound on the conveying ring on one side; the extended end of the conveying belt is connected with the conveying ring on the other side; a plurality of conveying holes which are uniformly distributed and penetrate through the conveying belt are arranged on the conveying belt; and the filter papers are detachably connected with the conveying holes. The original integrated filter paper is changed into a plurality of circular filter papers, so that the waste of the peripheral corner materials of the original filter paper after use is reduced, the utilization rate of the filter paper is improved, and the cost of the filter paper is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust monitoring technology, specifically to an environmental dust real-time monitoring and early warning device based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] Dust is an open source of pollution that is stirred up by wind, human activity, and other means and enters the atmosphere. It is an important component of total suspended particulate matter in ambient air. Dust monitoring is a measure to monitor dust in real time for the prevention and control of air pollution.

[0003] The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the use of various information sensors, RFID technology, GPS, infrared sensors, laser scanners, and other devices and technologies to collect real-time data on any object or process that needs to be monitored, connected, or interacted with. This data includes information on sound, light, heat, electricity, mechanics, chemistry, biology, location, and other parameters. Through various possible network access methods, it achieves ubiquitous connectivity between things and between things and people, enabling intelligent perception, identification, and management of objects and processes. The IoT is an information carrier based on the internet and traditional telecommunications networks. It allows all independently addressable ordinary physical objects to form an interconnected network. With the development of network technology, data collected by many existing dust monitoring and early warning devices can be directly transmitted to a network control platform for real-time monitoring. If data anomalies occur, water trucks or construction unit water systems can be remotely controlled via the network to suppress dust, enabling timely dust control through the network.

[0004] For dust monitoring and early warning, most instruments now use beta-ray atmospheric particulate matter monitors. These instruments utilize beta rays as a radiation source, with an air pump sampling the atmosphere. During sampling, the monitor continuously monitors the air flow rate. Suspended particles in the atmosphere are adsorbed onto the filter paper surface between the beta source and the scintillator detector. The change in the scintillator detector count before and after air extraction reflects the mass of dust adsorbed on the filter paper, which is then converted into the concentration of suspended particles per unit volume of air based on the sampling volume. Beta-ray atmospheric particulate matter monitors are designed based on the beta-ray absorption principle. Beta rays are a high-speed electron stream; when high-energy particles emitted encounter dust particles, their energy decreases or they are absorbed by the particles. For a given beta-ray intensity, the amount absorbed depends only on the mass of the absorbing substance and is independent of its physicochemical properties.

[0005] However, in the operation of some existing dust monitoring instruments, the filter paper is made of long, rolled strips. One end of the filter paper is wound by a rotating shaft, and then the filter paper is driven through the filtration end of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor to filter and separate impurities. When the applicant replaced the filter paper, he found that the existing filter paper had a very poor utilization rate. During use, the area of ​​the filter paper used at one time is a circular area, and only one row can be used on each strip of filter paper. In other words, the filter paper can only be used once, and the filter paper outside the adjacent circular area is not used. This results in the waste of filter paper, and this method of using filter paper leads to frequent replacements, which affects the overall monitoring of the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a real-time environmental dust monitoring and early warning device based on the Internet of Things.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an IoT-based real-time environmental dust monitoring and early warning device, comprising a monitoring box for real-time dust monitoring and a display screen for data display. The monitoring box contains an atmospheric particulate matter monitor and an air extraction mechanism for drawing gas from the environment into the atmospheric particulate matter monitor. The atmospheric particulate matter monitor has filter paper for isolating particulate matter in the extracted gas. The filter paper has multiple circular shapes that match the air inlet of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor. The monitoring box also contains a conveying mechanism for sequentially conveying multiple filter papers to the atmospheric particulate matter monitor. The conveying mechanism includes a conveying ring and a conveyor belt. The conveying ring is synchronously rotatable on both sides of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor. One end of the conveyor belt is evenly wound around the conveying ring on one side, and the extended end of the conveyor belt is connected to the conveying ring on the other side. The conveyor belt has multiple evenly distributed and through-hole conveying holes. The filter paper is detachably connected to the conveying holes.

[0008] Preferably, the atmospheric particulate matter monitor is provided with a passage cavity for the filter paper and conveyor belt to pass through, and pressure plates that can move up and down and are used to separate the filter paper and conveyor holes are provided on both sides above the passage cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner walls of the monitoring boxes located on both sides of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor are provided with symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected first hydraulic rods. The pressure plate is rotatably connected to the end of the first hydraulic rod, and a torsion spring is provided at the connection between the pressure plate and the end of the first hydraulic rod to drive the pressure plate to move automatically downward.

[0010] Preferably, the conveying hole includes a first hole and a second hole, both of which are evenly distributed along the length of the conveyor belt. The second hole is located between two adjacent first holes, and each second hole is located between four adjacent first holes.

[0011] Preferably, the monitoring box is provided with symmetrically distributed and rotatable rotating shafts, and the conveying ring is sleeved on the rotating shafts in a back-and-forth motion. The rotating shafts are provided with multiple first guide rails for the conveying rings to move linearly along the rotating shafts. The outer surface of the rotating shafts between each adjacent first guide rail is provided with an arc-shaped second guide rail that is connected to the adjacent first guide rail. The inner wall of the conveying ring is provided with a limiting block that is slidably connected to the first guide rails and the second guide rails.

[0012] Furthermore, the monitoring box is equipped with a fixedly connected positioning plate, one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the positioning plate, the monitoring box is also equipped with a drive motor, the output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts, a synchronization chain for synchronous rotation of the two rotating shafts is provided between two adjacent rotating shafts, the positioning plate is equipped with multiple fixedly connected second hydraulic rods, the second hydraulic rods are evenly distributed on the outside of each rotating shaft, one end of the conveying ring is equipped with a limiting ring groove with a convex cross section, the limiting ring groove is equipped with a slidably connected limiting slider, and the extension end of the second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding limiting slider.

[0013] Preferably, the device also includes a main pole for fixing the monitoring box, an anemometer for wind force monitoring, and a wind vane for wind direction monitoring. The upper end of the main pole is provided with a fixed mounting plate, and the anemometer and wind vane are both located at both ends of the mounting plate. The monitoring box and the display screen are detachably and fixedly installed on the main pole, with the monitoring box located below the display screen. The bottom of the main pole is provided with a support plate for support and fixation.

[0014] Preferably, the monitoring box has an openable and closable door for overall sealing on one side, and a cooling groove is provided on the upper part of the outer side of the monitoring box. The cooling groove has a cooling plate that can move back and forth and is slidably sealed. The cooling plate has cooling holes for spraying coolant downwards onto the outer wall of the monitoring box. One end of the cooling hole is connected to the cooling groove. The inner wall of the monitoring box has multiple evenly distributed heat dissipation grooves that are connected to the cooling groove. The inner wall of the bottom of the monitoring box has a U-shaped guide groove that is connected to the end of the corresponding heat dissipation groove. The bottom of the monitoring box below the guide groove has a storage tank for storing coolant. The storage tank has a spray pump. The output end of the spray pump is connected to the guide groove by a guide pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the cooling tank is equipped with multiple fixedly connected reset springs for automatically retracting the cooling plates into the cooling tank.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper end of the monitoring box is open, and the upper end of the monitoring box is provided with an adjustable cover plate that can move up and down and is used to seal the upper surface of the monitoring box. The bottom of the adjustable cover plate is provided with an annular adjustable groove. The upper end of the monitoring box is provided with an adjustable ring plate that is fixedly connected and used to engage and fix the adjustable groove. The adjustable ring plate is provided with multiple connecting holes that are connected to the corresponding cooling grooves. The connecting holes are provided with adjustable pipes that are slidable and sealed. The extended end of the adjustable pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding adjustable groove.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] The original integrated filter paper was replaced with multiple round shapes. This reduces waste of peripheral material after use, significantly improving the utilization rate of the filter paper, lowering its cost, and reducing replacement time. The conveyor belt and conveyor ring design evenly fix the round filter paper on the conveyor belt. The rotation of the conveyor belt then transports the filter paper to the atmospheric particulate matter monitor, achieving automated feeding of the round filter paper. The change in filter paper shape does not affect its original function. The detachable connection between the filter paper and the conveyor hole allows the filter paper to be separated from the conveyor belt after use, while the conveyor belt can be reused, further reducing overall cost.

[0019] Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, indicating how the principles of the invention can be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited in scope as a result.

[0020] Features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, combined with features in other embodiments, or substituted for features in other embodiments.

[0021] It should be emphasized that the term "including / comprises" as used herein refers to the presence of a feature, whole, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, or components. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the monitoring box of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure between the rotating shaft and the conveying ring of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of the conveyor belt structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the monitoring box of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Main rod; 11. Support plate; 12. Anemometer; 13. Wind vane; 14. Mounting plate; 2. Monitoring box; 20. Box door; 21. Sampling head; 211. Air inlet pipe; 22. Atmospheric particulate matter monitor; 23. Adsorption pump; 24. Rotating shaft; 241. First guide rail; 243. Second hydraulic rod; 244. Drive motor; 244. Positioning plate; 245. Synchronous chain; 246. Conveying ring; 247. Second guide rail; 248. Limiting ring groove; 25. Receiving cavity; 26. Lowering... 261. Heat dissipation plate; 262. Flow guide groove; 263. Cooling groove; 264. Return spring; 265. Connecting hole; 266. Adjusting ring plate; 267. Cooling hole; 27. Pressure plate; 271. First hydraulic rod; 28. Storage tank; 281. Spray pump; 282. Flow guide pipe; 29. ​​Adjusting cover plate; 291. Adjusting groove; 292. Adjusting pipe; 3. Display screen; 4. Conveyor belt; 41. Conveying hole; 411. First hole; 412. Second hole; 42. Filter paper; 43. Connector. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or may be interposed with another element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or may be interposed with another element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Reference Figure 1-2An IoT-based real-time environmental dust monitoring and early warning device includes a monitoring box 2 for real-time dust monitoring and a display screen 3 for data display. The monitoring box 2 houses an atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22 and a suction mechanism for drawing air from the environment into the monitor 22. The monitor 22 is equipped with filter paper 42 for isolating particulate matter in the suctioned air. The filter paper 42 has multiple circular shapes that match the air inlet of the monitor 22. The box 2 is also equipped with a conveying mechanism for sequentially conveying multiple filter papers 42 to the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22. The conveying mechanism includes a conveying ring 246 and a conveyor belt 4. The conveying ring 246 is rotatably arranged on both sides of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22. One end of the conveyor belt 4 is evenly wound around the conveying ring 246 on one side, and the extended end of the conveyor belt 4 is connected to the conveying ring 246 on the other side. The conveyor belt 4 is provided with multiple evenly distributed and through conveying holes 41. The filter paper 42 is detachably connected to the conveying holes 41. The original integrated filter paper 42 was changed to multiple circular shapes. This reduces the waste of peripheral scraps after use, greatly improves the utilization rate of the filter paper 42, reduces the cost of the filter paper 42, and also reduces the replacement time of the filter paper 42. The design of the conveyor belt 4 and the conveyor ring 246 can evenly fix the circular filter paper 42 on the conveyor belt 4. In this way, the rotation of the conveyor belt 4 can transport the filter paper 42 to the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22, realizing the automated feeding of the circular filter paper 42. The change of the shape of the filter paper 42 does not affect the original function of the filter paper 42. The detachable connection between the filter paper 42 and the conveying hole 41 allows the filter paper 42 to be separated from the conveyor belt 4 after use, and the conveyor belt 4 can be reused, further reducing the overall cost.

[0035] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the conveying hole 41 is provided with multiple fixed and flexible connectors 43. The end of each connector 43 is provided with an adhesive that is fixed to the bottom of the filter paper 42. The adhesive is a nano-adhesive, which can be reused multiple times due to its bonding properties, facilitating the assembly of the filter paper 42 with the conveyor belt 4. Furthermore, it makes the separation of the filter paper 42 and the connector 43 more convenient and quick. Alternatively, a positioning pin for fixing the filter paper 42 can be provided at the end of the connector 43. A barb, similar to the barb on a fishhook, can be provided on the positioning pin. Due to the special properties of the filter paper 42, without external force, the positioning pin and the barb can be used to connect and fix the filter paper 42 to the conveying hole 41. Under external force, the filter paper 42 can be separated from the positioning pin by squeezing, making subsequent assembly of the filter paper 42 very convenient and quick.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 5In this embodiment, the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22 is provided with a passage cavity for the filter paper 42 and the conveyor belt 4 to pass through. Above both sides of the passage cavity, there are pressure plates 27 that can move up and down and are used to separate the filter paper 42 and the conveying hole 41. The inner walls of the monitoring box 2 located on both sides of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22 are provided with symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected first hydraulic rods 271. The pressure plate 27 is rotatably connected to the end of the first hydraulic rod 271, and a torsion spring is provided at the connection between the pressure plate 27 and the end of the first hydraulic rod 271 to drive the pressure plate 27 to move automatically downward. The design of the pressure plate 27 allows the filter paper 42 to be separated from the conveyor belt 4 and the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22 after use. When passing through the pressure plate 27, the elasticity of the torsion spring causes the pressure plate 27 to press and separate the filter paper 42 from the conveyor belt 4. After separation, the conveyor hole 41, upon passing through the pressure plate 27, rotates the pressure plate 27, compressing the torsion spring and causing the pressure plate 27 to move along the conveyor belt 4. Whenever the filter paper 42 is encountered again, the elasticity of the torsion spring automatically causes the pressure plate 27 to press and separate the filter paper 42, achieving automatic separation of the filter paper 42 from the conveyor belt 4. The addition of the first hydraulic rod 271, because the conveyor belt 4 rotates in one direction each time, eliminates the need for the pressure plate 27 on the other side to press and separate the filter paper 42. The first hydraulic rod 271 can lift the pressure plate 27, separating it from the conveyor belt 4, thus ensuring overall stability. The width of the passage cavity is greater than the width of the conveyor belt 4.

[0037] Please see Figure 3-4In this embodiment, the conveying hole 41 includes a first hole 411 and a second hole 412. Each conveyor belt 4 has at least two rows of first holes 411. The first holes 411 and the second holes 412 are evenly distributed along the length of the conveyor belt 4. The second holes 412 are located between two adjacent first holes 411. Each second hole 412 is arranged between four adjacent first holes 411. The monitoring box 2 is provided with symmetrically distributed and rotatable rotating shafts 24. The conveying ring 246 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 24 and can move back and forth. The rotating shaft 24 is provided with multiple first guide rails 241 for the conveying ring 246 to move linearly along the rotating shaft 24. The outer surface of the rotating shaft 24 between each adjacent first guide rail 241 is provided with an arc-shaped second guide rail 247 that is connected to the adjacent first guide rail 241. The inner wall of the conveying ring 246 is provided with a limiting block that is slidably connected to the first guide rail 241 and the second guide rail 247. The design of the conveying holes 41 as a first hole 411 and a second hole 412 for uniform material discharge allows for the placement of more filter paper 42 within the same conveyor belt width, increasing the carrying capacity of filter paper 42 on the conveyor belt 4 and thus significantly extending the filter paper 42 replacement time, making it more convenient. The design of the first guide rail 241, the second guide rail 247, and the conveying ring 246, through the combination of the first guide rail 241 and the second guide rail 247, forms a flow guide rail on the rotating shaft 24. This allows the conveying ring 246 to move along a fixed trajectory along the flow guide rail. Due to the unique design of the first hole 411 and the second hole 412, they are not arranged in a straight line; the movement proceeds from the first hole 411 to the second hole 412, and then from the second hole 412 back to the first hole 411. 1. The trajectory is arc-shaped. Therefore, by combining the first guide rail 241, the second guide rail 247, the first hole 411, and the second hole 412, when the conveyor belt 4 moves the filter paper 42 to the end, the conveyor ring 246 moves from the first guide rail 241 to the middle of the second guide rail 247 through the movement of the rotating shaft 24. During this process, the conveyor ring 246 can rotate at a certain angle synchronously due to the arc-shaped trajectory of the second guide rail 247, thereby driving the conveyor belt 4 to move a certain distance on the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22. This allows the first hole 411 and the second hole 412 to be separated from the filter end of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22, and the adjacent second hole 412 to move automatically. This achieves precise automatic switching between the first hole 411 and the second hole 412. The principle of switching from the second hole 412 to the first hole 411 is the same.

[0038] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5The monitoring box 2 is provided with a fixedly connected positioning plate 244. One end of the rotating shaft 24 is rotatably connected to the positioning plate 244. The monitoring box 2 is also provided with a drive motor 243. The output end of the drive motor 243 is fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts 24. A synchronous chain 245 for synchronous rotation of the two rotating shafts 24 is provided between two adjacent rotating shafts 24. The positioning plate 244 is provided with a plurality of fixedly connected second hydraulic rods 243. The second hydraulic rods 243 are evenly distributed on the outside of each rotating shaft 24. One end of the conveying ring 246 is provided with a convex-shaped limiting ring groove 248. A slidably connected limiting slider is provided in the limiting ring groove 248. The extension end of the second hydraulic rod 243 is fixedly connected to the corresponding limiting slider. The design of the drive motor 243 and the synchronous chain 245 enables the synchronous rotation of the rotating shaft 24. The design of the second hydraulic rod 243, the limiting ring groove 248 and the limiting slider enables the rotational connection between the second hydraulic rod 243 and the conveying ring 246. Furthermore, the extension and retraction of the second hydraulic rod 243 can drive the conveying ring 246 to move back and forth on the rotating shaft 24.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the system also includes a main rod 1 for fixing the monitoring box 2, an anemometer 12 for wind speed monitoring, and a wind vane 13 for wind direction monitoring. The upper end of the main rod 1 is provided with a fixedly connected mounting plate 14. The anemometer 12 and wind vane 13 are both located at opposite ends of the mounting plate 14. The monitoring box 2 and display screen 3 are detachably and fixedly mounted on the main rod 1. The monitoring box 2 is located below the display screen 3. The bottom of the main rod 1 is provided with a support plate 11 for support and fixation. The air extraction mechanism includes a sampling head 21, an air inlet pipe 211, and an adsorption pump 23 for adsorbing air from the environment into the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22. The adsorption pump 23 is located inside the monitoring box 2. The sampling head 21 is fixedly mounted inside the monitoring box 2 via the air inlet pipe 211. The extension end of the air inlet pipe 211 is positioned above the filter paper 42 of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22. The atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22 uses beta ray monitoring equipment. The monitoring box 2 is equipped with a accommodating cavity 25 for placing items. The conveying mechanism, the air extraction mechanism, and the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22 are all located in the accommodating cavity 25.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The similarities to Example 1 will not be described again; the differences from Example 1 are as follows:

[0042] Please see Figure 5-6In this embodiment, the monitoring box 2 has an openable and closable door 20 for overall sealing on one side, and a cooling groove 263 is provided on the upper part of the outer side of the monitoring box 2. A cooling plate 26, which can move back and forth and is slidably and sealed within the cooling groove 263, is provided on the cooling plate 26. The cooling plate 26 has cooling holes 267 for spraying coolant downwards onto the outer wall of the monitoring box 2. One end of each cooling hole 267 is connected to the cooling groove 263. The inner wall of the monitoring box 2 has multiple evenly distributed heat dissipation grooves 261 connected to the cooling grooves 263. The inner wall of the bottom of the monitoring box 2 has a U-shaped guide channel 262 connected to the end of the corresponding heat dissipation groove 261. Below the guide channel 262, the bottom of the monitoring box 2 has a storage tank 28 for storing coolant, and a spray pump 281 is provided within the storage tank 28. A guide pipe 282 is provided between the output end of the spray pump 281 and the guide groove 262. A plurality of fixedly connected reset springs 264 are provided in the cooling groove 263 for automatically retracting the cooling plates 26 into the cooling groove 263. The upper end of the monitoring box 2 is open, and the upper end of the monitoring box 2 is provided with an adjustable cover plate 29 that can move up and down and is used to seal the upper surface of the monitoring box 2. The bottom of the adjustable cover plate 29 is provided with an annular adjustable groove 291. The upper end of the monitoring box 2 is provided with an adjustable ring plate 266 that is fixedly connected and used to engage and fix the adjustable groove 291. The adjustable ring plate 266 is provided with a plurality of connecting holes 265 that are connected to the corresponding cooling groove 263. A sliding and sealed adjustable pipe 292 is provided in the connecting hole 265. The extension end of the adjustable pipe 292 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding adjustable groove 291. A storage tank 28 is installed inside the original monitoring box 2 to store coolant, which can reduce the internal temperature of the monitoring box 2 to a certain extent. The design of the cooling tank 263, cooling hole 267, and spray pump 281 allows coolant to be pumped through the guide pipe 282 into the guide tank 262 when the internal temperature of the monitoring box 2 is too high. Then, it enters the corresponding heat dissipation tank 261 and finally the cooling tank 263. The increased water pressure forces the cooling plate 26 outwards, causing it to bulge until the cooling hole 267 is exposed. Water is then sprayed outwards through the cooling hole 267 onto the outer wall of the monitoring box 2, thereby reducing the internal temperature. By spraying water onto the outer wall of the monitoring box 2 for cooling, heat can be quickly carried away, effectively reducing the internal instability of the monitoring box 2 and achieving rapid heat dissipation. Furthermore, the design of the heat dissipation groove 261 allows the heat exchange between the coolant and the monitoring box 2, thereby carrying away the internal temperature through the coolant and further improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency. The design of the return spring 264 ensures that after the spray pump 281 stops working, the elasticity of the return spring 264 can automatically retract the cooling plate 26 into the cooling groove 263, effectively preventing the cooling hole 267 from becoming blocked and ensuring the overall appearance of the monitoring box 2.The design of the regulating cover 29, regulating groove 291, and regulating pipe 292 allows water pressure to enter the regulating pipe 292 through the connecting hole 265 when the spray pump 281 sprays water for cooling. This pushes the regulating rod to move upward within the connecting hole 265, causing the regulating cover 29 to separate from the monitoring box 2. This allows the hot airflow inside the monitoring box 2 to be quickly separated below the regulating cover 29, further improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0043] When this application is used:

[0044] (1) First, assemble the whole system using the main pole 1, support plate 11, monitoring box 2, anemometer 12, wind vane 13, mounting plate 14 and display screen 3. During installation, synchronize the data displayed on the display screen 3 with the data on the network control platform through the signal transmission line. When the monitored data is too high, the network control platform will automatically alarm and can control the water truck or the water system of the construction site through the network to spray water and remove dust.

[0045] (2) When installing the monitoring box 2, first wind the conveyor belt 4 and fix it on a fixed ring, then engage and fix the fixed ring with one of the conveyor rings 246, then pass the extension end of the conveyor belt 4 through the cavity and connect and fix the extension end of the conveyor belt 4 with another conveyor ring 246 (it can be fixed with tape); at the same time, the second hydraulic rod 243 moves the conveyor ring 246 to the innermost first guide rail 241, and then controls the drive motor 243 to rotate the conveyor belt 4 for fine adjustment so that the filter paper 42 in the outermost first hole 411 on the conveyor belt 4 is located at the filter end of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor 22. At this time, the filter paper 42 is positioned.

[0046] (3) Since the conveying ring 246 rotates synchronously in both directions via the drive motor 243, the moving distance of the filter paper 42 on the conveyor belt 4 can be controlled by controlling the driving amount of the drive motor 243. Since the filter paper 42 in each row is evenly distributed, the driving amount of the drive motor 243 is fixed each time. Since the number of filter paper 42 in each row is fixed, it can be controlled by the program. When the filter paper 42 in the first hole 411 of the outermost row is used up (i.e. after passing through a certain number of first holes 411), the second hydraulic rod 243 is started, which drives the conveying ring 246 to move synchronously from the first guide rail 241 to the middle of the second guide rail 247. During the movement of the conveying ring 246, the filter paper 42 in the corresponding second hole 412 is automatically moved to the filter end, realizing the automatic switching of the first hole 411 and the second hole 412. After the switching, it is only necessary to control the drive motor 243 to rotate in the opposite direction by the same amount once to realize the switching of the filter paper 42 in the second hole 412.

[0047] (4) During the movement of the conveyor belt 4 to one side, the first hydraulic rod 271 on the side of the movement direction is activated, which drives the pressure plate 27 to move downward, so that the filter paper 42 after filtration on the conveyor belt 4 is automatically squeezed and separated by the pressure plate 27 when it passes the pressure plate 27. The pressure plate 27 on the other side is separated from the conveyor belt 4 by the corresponding first hydraulic rod 271. When the conveyor belt 4 moves in the opposite direction, the position height of the two pressure plates 27 can be interchanged by the first hydraulic rod 271. In this way, the filter paper 42 can be automatically squeezed and separated by the pressure plate 27 after filtration each time, realizing the automatic separation of the filter paper 42 from the conveyor belt 4.

[0048] Any numerical values ​​cited herein include all values ​​ranging from a lower limit to an upper limit, increasing by one unit, with at least two units between any lower and any higher value. For example, if the quantity of a component or a process variable (e.g., temperature, pressure, time, etc.) is described as ranging from 1 to 90, preferably from 20 to 80, more preferably from 30 to 70, it is intended to illustrate that values ​​such as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32 are also explicitly listed in this specification. For values ​​less than 1, a unit is appropriately considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, etc. These are merely examples intended for explicit expression, and it can be assumed that all possible combinations of values ​​listed between the minimum and maximum values ​​are similarly explicitly stated in this specification.

[0049] Unless otherwise stated, all ranges include the endpoints and all numbers between them. The terms "approximately" or "about" used with ranges apply to both endpoints of the range. Thus, "approximately 20 to 30" is intended to cover "approximately 20 to approximately 30," including at least the specified endpoints.

[0050] All articles and references disclosed herein, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term “substantially constitutes…” used to describe a combination should include the identified elements, components, parts, or steps, as well as other elements, components, parts, or steps that do not substantially affect the essential novelty of the combination. The use of the terms “comprising” or “including” to describe combinations of elements, components, parts, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments substantially constituted by such elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of the term “may” herein is intended to indicate that any described attribute included by “may” is optional.

[0051] Multiple elements, components, parts, or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part, or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part, or step can be divided into multiple separate elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of "a" or "an" to describe an element, component, part, or step does not imply the exclusion of other elements, components, parts, or steps.

[0052] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes and not for limitation. Many embodiments and applications beyond the provided examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of this teaching should not be determined by reference to the above description, but rather by reference to the appended claims and the full scope of their equivalents. For purposes of completeness, all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the preceding claims is not intended as a waiver of that subject matter, nor should it be construed as an indication that the inventors have not considered that subject matter as part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring and early warning device for environmental dust based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: The system includes a monitoring box for real-time dust monitoring and a display screen for data display. The monitoring box contains an atmospheric particulate matter monitor and an air extraction mechanism for drawing air from the environment into the monitor. The monitor has filter paper that isolates particulate matter in the extracted air. The filter paper has multiple circular shapes that match the air inlet of the monitor. The monitoring box also contains a conveying mechanism for sequentially conveying multiple filter papers to the monitor. The conveying mechanism includes a conveying ring and a conveyor belt. The conveying ring is rotatably mounted on both sides of the monitor. One end of the conveyor belt is evenly wound around the conveying ring on one side, and the extended end of the conveyor belt is connected to the conveying ring on the other side. The conveyor belt has multiple evenly distributed and through-holes. The filter paper is detachably connected to the conveying holes. The monitoring box is equipped with symmetrically distributed and rotatable rotating shafts. The conveying ring is sleeved on the rotating shafts and can move back and forth. The rotating shafts are equipped with multiple first guide rails for the conveying ring to move in a straight line along the rotating shafts. The outer surface of the rotating shaft between each adjacent first guide rail is equipped with an arc-shaped second guide rail that is connected to the adjacent first guide rail. The inner wall of the conveying ring is equipped with a limiting block that is slidably connected to the first guide rail and the second guide rail.

2. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for environmental dust based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atmospheric particulate matter monitor is provided with a passage cavity for the filter paper and conveyor belt to pass through. Above both sides of the passage cavity, there are pressure plates that can move up and down and are used to separate the filter paper and the conveyor hole.

3. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for environmental dust based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring box located on both sides of the atmospheric particulate matter monitor has symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected first hydraulic rods on its inner wall. The pressure plate is rotatably connected to the end of the first hydraulic rod, and a torsion spring is provided at the connection between the pressure plate and the end of the first hydraulic rod to drive the pressure plate to move automatically downward.

4. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for environmental dust based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying hole includes a first hole and a second hole. The first hole and the second hole are evenly distributed along the length of the conveyor belt. The second hole is located between two adjacent first holes, and each second hole is located between four adjacent first holes.

5. The real-time environmental dust monitoring and early warning device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring box is equipped with a fixedly connected positioning plate. One end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the positioning plate. The monitoring box is also equipped with a drive motor. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts. A synchronization chain is provided between two adjacent rotating shafts for synchronous rotation of the two rotating shafts. The positioning plate is equipped with multiple fixedly connected second hydraulic rods. The second hydraulic rods are evenly distributed on the outside of each rotating shaft. One end of the conveying ring is equipped with a limiting ring groove with a convex cross section. A limiting slider is slidably connected in the limiting ring groove. The extension end of the second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding limiting slider.

6. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for environmental dust based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a main pole for fixing the monitoring box, an anemometer for wind force monitoring, and a wind vane for wind direction monitoring. The upper end of the main pole is provided with a fixed mounting plate. The anemometer and wind vane are both located at both ends of the mounting plate. The monitoring box and the display screen are detachably and fixedly installed on the main pole. The monitoring box is located below the display screen. The bottom of the main pole is provided with a support plate for support and fixation.

7. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for environmental dust based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring box has an openable and fully sealed door on one side, and a cooling groove is provided on the upper part of the outer side of the monitoring box. The cooling groove has a cooling plate that can move back and forth and is slidably and sealed. The cooling plate has cooling holes for spraying coolant downwards onto the outer wall of the monitoring box. One end of the cooling hole is connected to the cooling groove. The inner wall of the monitoring box has multiple evenly distributed heat dissipation grooves that are connected to the cooling groove. The inner wall of the bottom of the monitoring box has a U-shaped guide groove that is connected to the end of the corresponding heat dissipation groove. The bottom of the monitoring box below the guide groove has a storage tank for storing coolant. The storage tank has a spray pump. The output end of the spray pump is connected to the guide groove by a guide pipe.

8. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for environmental dust based on the Internet of Things according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cooling tank is equipped with multiple fixedly connected reset springs that drive the cooling plates to automatically retract into the cooling tank.

9. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for environmental dust based on the Internet of Things according to claim 8, characterized in that: The monitoring box has an open top and an adjustable cover that can move up and down and is used to seal the upper surface of the monitoring box. The bottom of the adjustable cover has an annular adjustment groove. The upper part of the monitoring box has an adjustable ring plate that is fixedly connected and used to engage and fix the adjustment groove. The adjustable ring plate has multiple connecting holes that are connected to the corresponding cooling grooves. The connecting holes have sliding and sealed adjustable tubes. The extension end of the adjustable tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding adjustable groove.

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