A three-dimensional light field display system

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a three-dimensional light field display system, comprising a display source, a prism array and a cylindrical lens grating, wherein the prism array comprises at least one prism group, each prism group comprises a plurality of prisms arranged according to a preset rule, and any prism group comprises at least two prisms; the prism array modulates a plurality of first light rays emitted by the display source to obtain a plurality of second light rays, and emits the plurality of second light rays to the cylindrical lens grating; and the cylindrical lens grating is used for modulating and emitting the plurality of incident second light rays to obtain a three-dimensional display light field. Through the modulation of the prism array, the angles of the light rays incident on the cylindrical lens from all the prisms in any prism group are different in the horizontal direction, so that the corresponding horizontal and vertical direction pixels in each prism group are used to construct the horizontal direction view point, the horizontal and vertical direction resolutions are balanced, the user's visual resolution is improved, and the display effect of the three-dimensional light field is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional light field display system. Background Technology

[0002] Three-dimensional light field display technology is a display technology that displays a three-dimensional image of an object by distributing light rays from the object in space. Among them, three-dimensional light field display technology based on lenticular lens gratings is currently the most commonly used display technology. Lenticular lens gratings can modulate and distribute the diverging light rays emitted from the sub-pixels of the object in the horizontal direction to construct multiple viewpoints of the corresponding sub-pixels in the horizontal direction, thereby presenting a three-dimensional display effect of the object.

[0003] Typically, to optimize 3D display effects, the intercept of a cylindrical lens is set to be relatively large. A larger intercept means the cylindrical lens can cover more sub-pixels, resulting in a greater number of viewpoints after modulation. However, since the resolution of the area to be displayed is fixed, the resolution of each viewpoint obtained after cylindrical lens modulation is the resolution of the corresponding area divided by the total number of viewpoints. Therefore, while a larger number of sub-pixels covered by the cylindrical lens results in a greater number of viewpoints, the resolution of each viewpoint is lower. This leads to a lower horizontal resolution for the corresponding 3D scene, while the vertical resolution remains unchanged, negatively impacting the display effect of the 3D light field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a three-dimensional light field display system that can solve the problem of poor visual resolution in existing three-dimensional light field displays.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a three-dimensional light field display system, comprising: a display source, a prism array, and a cylindrical lens grating, wherein,

[0006] The prism array includes at least one prism group, and each prism group includes multiple prisms arranged according to a preset rule. The preset rule is related to the pixel arrangement of the display source corresponding to the prism group. Any prism group includes at least two prisms.

[0007] The prism array modulates multiple first rays emitted from the display source to obtain multiple second rays, and emits the multiple second rays to the cylindrical lens grating. The angles of all second rays emitted from all prisms in any prism group in the prism array when incident on the cylindrical lens grating are different in the horizontal direction.

[0008] The cylindrical lens grating is used to modulate the incident multiple second rays before they are emitted to obtain a three-dimensional display light field.

[0009] In one optional design, the slope angle and rotation angle of multiple prisms in any prism group of the at least one prism group are set according to a preset angle so as to modulate the first light rays in each incident direction to obtain the second light rays, so that all the second light rays have different angles in the horizontal direction when they are incident on the cylindrical lens grating.

[0010] In one alternative design, the number and arrangement of prisms in any two prism groups in the prism array are the same, and the slope angle and rotation angle of prisms at the same position in any two prism groups are the same.

[0011] In one alternative design, each prism in the at least one prism group corresponds one-to-one with each pixel of the display source;

[0012] Each prism modulates the light emitted from its corresponding pixel.

[0013] In one alternative design, the size of each prism in the at least one prism group is less than or equal to the size of each pixel of the display source.

[0014] In one alternative design, the intercept width of any cylindrical lens in the cylindrical lens grating is the same as the total pixel width corresponding to any prism group in the at least one prism group.

[0015] In one alternative design, any cylindrical lens in the cylindrical lens grating receives a second ray emitted from at least one prism group, and the incident points of the second rays emitted from different prism groups in at least one prism group corresponding to any cylindrical lens are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the cylindrical lens grating.

[0016] This application provides a three-dimensional light field display system, comprising: a display source, a prism array, and a cylindrical lens grating. The prism array includes at least one prism group, each prism group comprising multiple prisms arranged according to a preset rule. The preset rule is related to the pixel arrangement of the display source corresponding to the prism group. Any prism group includes at least two prisms. The prism array modulates multiple first rays emitted from the display source to obtain multiple second rays, and emits the multiple second rays to the cylindrical lens grating. When all the second rays emitted from all the prisms in any prism group of the prism array are incident on the cylindrical lens grating, the incident light angles are different in the horizontal direction. The cylindrical lens grating is used to modulate the incident multiple second rays before emission to obtain a three-dimensional display light field. Light is modulated by setting a prism array between the display source and the lenticular lens grating. Each prism group includes at least two prisms, which can modulate the light emitted from the display source pixels corresponding to each prism group. This is so that when all the second light rays emitted from any prism group are incident on the lenticular lens grating, the incident light angle is different in the horizontal direction, and then refracted by the lenticular lens grating. This allows the pixels in the corresponding horizontal and vertical directions in each prism group to be used to construct the horizontal viewpoint, appropriately reducing the vertical resolution and increasing the horizontal resolution. Although the absolute resolution does not change, the resolution in the horizontal and vertical directions is balanced, which improves the user's visual resolution and optimizes the display effect of the three-dimensional light field. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the viewpoint construction for a three-dimensional light field display based on a cylindrical lens grating, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional light field display system provided in this application embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of light direction modulation by a prism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the viewpoint construction after light modulation by the prism assembly provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figures 2 to 4 The components indicated by the numbers are: 1. Display source, 2. Prism, 3. Cylindrical lens. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The terminology used in the following embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that although the terms first, second, etc., may be used in the following embodiments to describe a class of objects, the objects are not limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish specific objects of that class of objects. For example, the terms first, second, etc., may be used in the following embodiments to describe light, but light is not limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish different types of light. The same applies to other classes of objects that may be described using the terms first, second, etc. in the following embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0025] This application relates to the field of optical technology. In three-dimensional light field display technology, a cylindrical lens grating is typically used to modulate the light emitted from the display source, so that the pixels of the display source in the horizontal direction are used to construct the viewpoint in the horizontal direction, such as... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating viewpoint construction for a three-dimensional light field display based on a cylindrical lens grating, as provided in an embodiment of this application. The width of the intercept P of the cylindrical lens is equal to the width of 9 pixels in the display source. Therefore, after modulation, 9 viewpoints are constructed in the horizontal direction for three-dimensional display. However, the horizontal resolution is inversely proportional to the number of viewpoints; the more viewpoints there are, the lower the horizontal resolution, while the vertical resolution remains unchanged, affecting the user's viewing experience.

[0026] In order to solve the problem of uneven resolution in the horizontal and vertical directions without reducing the number of viewpoints, this application provides a three-dimensional light field display system. This system can balance the resolution in the horizontal and vertical directions while keeping the number of viewpoints constant, thereby improving the visual resolution of the three-dimensional light field display.

[0027] The following describes the three-dimensional light field display system involved in the embodiments of this application through several implementation methods.

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional light field display system provided in this application embodiment includes: a display source 1, a prism array, and a cylindrical lens grating, wherein...

[0029] The prism array includes at least one prism group, and each prism group includes multiple prisms 2 arranged according to a preset rule. The preset rule is related to the pixel arrangement of the display source 1 corresponding to the prism group. Any prism group includes at least two prisms 2.

[0030] The prism array modulates multiple first rays emitted from the display source 1 to obtain multiple second rays, and emits the multiple second rays to the cylindrical lens grating. When all the second rays emitted from all the prisms 2 in any prism group in the prism array are incident on the cylindrical lens grating, the incident light angles are different in the horizontal direction.

[0031] The cylindrical lens grating is used to modulate the incident multiple second rays before they are emitted to obtain a three-dimensional display light field.

[0032] In this embodiment, display source 1 provides three-dimensional image content for the three-dimensional light field display system. Display source 1 includes, but is not limited to, backlit liquid crystal displays, LED displays, etc. Any display device capable of providing information different from traditional two-dimensional displays can be used as display source 1 in this application; this application does not impose any limitations on this. Figure 2 As shown, a prism array is arranged in front of the emitting surface of the display source 1. Each prism 2 modulates the light emitted by a corresponding pixel. The prism 2 in a prism group corresponds to a group of pixels, and the light emitted by a group of pixels, after modulation, corresponds to multiple viewpoints in the same horizontal direction. Figure 2 The three-dimensional light field display system shown has the x-axis direction called the horizontal direction and the y-axis direction called the vertical direction when viewed from above. Since any prism group includes at least two prisms 2, and these prisms 2 are respectively set in the vertical direction, the light rays emitted from the original vertical pixels can be modulated to obtain multiple second rays. These multiple second rays are incident on the cylindrical lens grating from different angles, and then modulated by the cylindrical lens grating to obtain multiple viewpoints in the same horizontal direction. This allows the use of vertical pixels to construct horizontal viewpoints, appropriately reducing the vertical resolution while improving the horizontal resolution, thus enhancing the overall visual resolution of the three-dimensional light field.

[0033] In one optional embodiment, the slope angle and rotation angle of multiple prisms 2 in any prism group of the at least one prism group are set according to a preset angle so as to modulate the first light rays in each incident direction to obtain the second light rays, so that all the second light rays have different angles in the horizontal direction when they are incident on the cylindrical lens grating.

[0034] In this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the incident and outgoing rays of prism 2 satisfy the law of refraction:

[0035] n空 sinθ1=n 棱镜 sinθ2

[0036] Where, n 空 n is the refractive index of air. 棱镜 Let θ be the refractive index of prism 2, θ1 be the slope angle of prism 2, β be the rotation angle of prism 2, θ2 be the angle between the outgoing ray and the perpendicular to the slope of prism 2, α be the pitch angle of the outgoing ray, and α = 90° + θ1 - θ2. Let α be the vector of the outgoing ray from prism 2. In the xyz coordinate system, it can be represented as

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, a prism group includes nine prisms 2, which are arranged in a three-row, three-column format, corresponding to pixels 1 to 9 in the display source 1. The direction of the outgoing light from pixels 1 to 9 incident on the cylindrical lens 3 is adjusted by adjusting the slope angle and rotation angle of each of the nine prisms 2.

[0038] In one optional embodiment, the number and arrangement of prisms 2 in any two prism groups in the prism array are the same, and the slope angle and rotation angle of prisms 2 at the same position in any two prism groups are the same.

[0039] In this embodiment, the number, arrangement, and angle of prisms 2 in each prism group are the same. Based on this, the incident angle of light modulated by prisms at the same position in multiple prism groups is the same, which improves the viewing experience.

[0040] In one optional embodiment, each prism 2 in the at least one prism group corresponds one-to-one with each pixel of the display source 1;

[0041] Each prism 2 modulates the light emitted from the corresponding pixel.

[0042] In one optional embodiment, the size of each prism 2 in the at least one prism group is less than or equal to the size of each pixel of the display source 1.

[0043] In one optional embodiment, the intercept width of any cylindrical lens 3 in the cylindrical lens grating is the same as the width of all pixels corresponding to any prism group in the at least one prism group.

[0044] In one optional embodiment, any cylindrical lens 3 in the cylindrical lens grating receives a second ray emitted from at least one prism group, and the incident points of the second rays emitted from different prism groups in at least one prism group corresponding to any cylindrical lens 3 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the cylindrical lens grating.

[0045] In this embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, the intercept P of the cylindrical lens 3 is equal to the width of three pixels in the horizontal direction of a prism group. The intercept P only needs to be approximately equal to the width of the three pixels, not necessarily exactly, as long as the cylindrical lens 3 can cover all pixels corresponding to the current prism group. After the light emitted from the light source is modulated by the prism group, the incident angles of the light rays emitted from pixels 1 to 9 upon entering the cylindrical lens 3 are different in the horizontal direction. Therefore, after being modulated by the cylindrical lens 3, nine viewpoints are formed. Similarly, assuming the entire prism array includes U*V prism groups, then the principal rays used to construct each viewpoint have U*V angles. Each prism group includes M*N sub-pixels, so M*N viewpoints can be constructed in the horizontal direction, where the intercept P of the cylindrical lens 3 is equal to the width of M pixels.

[0046] In this embodiment, the entire prism array comprises U*V prism groups. Therefore, the cylindrical lens grating should include U cylindrical lenses 3. For any one of these cylindrical lenses 3, there are V prism groups in the vertical direction. The second ray incident points corresponding to multiple prism groups in the same vertical direction are on the same cylindrical lens 3, and the incident points corresponding to each prism group are arranged sequentially along the direction of the cylindrical lens 3, i.e., the vertical direction.

[0047] In this embodiment, for example, a display source 1 with a resolution of 1920*1080 is used to construct 9 viewpoints in the horizontal direction. Using the traditional method, the resolution of the final constructed 3D image is reduced by 9 times in the horizontal direction, while the vertical direction remains unchanged. Therefore, the final resolution of the 3D image is about 213*1080. It can be seen that the resolution in the horizontal and vertical directions differs greatly, so the overall visual resolution of the 3D image is poor. To construct 9 viewpoints in the horizontal direction using the same display source 1 with a resolution of 1920*1080, this application sets up a prism array including 640*360 prism groups. Each prism group includes 3*3 prisms 2, and each prism group corresponds to 9 pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively. That is, each prism group uses 9 pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions to construct 9 viewpoints in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the resolution of the final viewed 3D image is 640*360. Although the absolute resolution of the 3D image does not change, the resolution in the horizontal and vertical directions is balanced, and the display effect of the 3D light field is optimized.

[0048] In summary, the three-dimensional light field display system of this application embodiment appropriately reduces the vertical resolution and increases the horizontal resolution. Although the absolute resolution remains unchanged, it balances the horizontal and vertical resolutions, thereby improving the user's visual resolution and optimizing the display effect of the three-dimensional light field.

[0049] Although alternative embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0050] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made on the basis of the technical solution of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional light field display system, characterized in that, include: The display source, prism array, and cylindrical lens grating are provided. The prism array includes at least one prism group, and each prism group includes multiple prisms arranged according to a preset rule. The preset rule is related to the pixel arrangement of the display source corresponding to the prism group. Any prism group includes at least two prisms arranged in the vertical direction. The prism array modulates multiple first rays emitted from the display source to obtain multiple second rays, and emits the multiple second rays to the cylindrical lens grating. The angle of all second rays emitted from all prisms in any prism group in the prism array when incident on the cylindrical lens corresponding to the prism group of the cylindrical lens grating is different in the horizontal direction. The cylindrical lens grating is used to modulate the incident multiple second rays before they are emitted to obtain a three-dimensional display light field.

2. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slope angle and rotation angle of multiple prisms in any prism group of the at least one prism group are set according to a preset angle so as to modulate the first light rays in each incident direction to obtain the second light rays, so that all the second light rays have different angles in the horizontal direction when they are incident on the cylindrical lens grating.

3. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number and arrangement of prisms in any two prism groups in the prism array are the same, and the slope angle and rotation angle of the prisms at the same position in any two prism groups are the same.

4. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each prism in the at least one prism group corresponds one-to-one with each pixel of the display source; Each prism modulates the light emitted from its corresponding pixel.

5. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The size of each prism in the at least one prism group is less than or equal to the size of each pixel of the display source.

6. The system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The intercept width of any cylindrical lens in the cylindrical lens grating is the same as the width of all pixels corresponding to any prism group in the at least one prism group.

7. The system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Each cylindrical lens in the cylindrical lens grating receives a second ray emitted from at least one prism group, and the incident points of the second rays emitted from different prism groups in at least one prism group corresponding to each cylindrical lens are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the cylindrical lens grating.

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