Rainwater storage control system and method

Abstract

The application provides a rainwater regulation and control system and method, comprising: a rainwater pipe network, a metering sensor device, a control valve, a control system and a plurality of rainwater regulation and control facilities; the rainwater regulation and control facility is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and is used for rainwater collection, regulation and storage and transmission; the control valve is used for controlling the water quantity and transmission path of rainwater; the metering sensor device is used for collecting metering information of the rainwater pipe network; the control system is in signal communication with the metering sensor device, and is used for controlling the control valve based on the adjustable storage rainfall of the rainwater regulation and control facility, rainfall prediction information and metering information. Through the application, intelligent regulation and control of the rainwater regulation and control facility can be realized, the rainwater regulation and control facility can play a role in peak shaving and flood regulation, the peak value of downstream drainage pipe flow during rainfall can be effectively reduced and delayed, the drainage system capacity can be improved, the role of the rainwater regulation and control facility in relieving urban waterlogging can be fully played, and therefore the operation and management of the rainwater source regulation and control facility are more specific and targeted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of drainage technology and urban water environment management, specifically to a rainwater storage and control system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the area of ​​impermeable urban areas has increased dramatically, leading to a rise in the total amount and peak flow of rainwater runoff. Simultaneously, pollution from urban human activities, including road traffic, surface sediments, and air deposition, ultimately flows into receiving water bodies through rainwater runoff, posing a significant threat to urban drainage, flood control, and water quality. As sponge city construction enters the stage of nationwide promotion, the number and scale of various rainwater storage and regulation facilities will continue to increase.

[0003] Among related technologies, the numerous rainwater storage tanks generally suffer from problems such as high investment and low utilization efficiency, and cannot play a role in peak shaving and flood control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that rainwater storage tanks in the prior art cannot play the role of peak shaving and flood regulation, thereby providing a rainwater storage control system and method.

[0005] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a rainwater storage system, comprising: a rainwater pipe network, a metering sensor device, control valves, a control system, and several rainwater storage facilities.

[0006] The rainwater pipe network includes: several rainwater pipes and bypass rainwater pipes;

[0007] The rainwater storage facility is equipped with an inlet and an outlet, which are connected to the rainwater pipe and in parallel with the bypass rainwater pipe for rainwater collection, storage and transmission.

[0008] The control valve is installed in the rainwater pipe and the bypass rainwater pipe connected to the rainwater storage facility, and is used to control the amount of rainwater and the transmission path.

[0009] The metering sensor is installed in the rainwater storage device, the bypass rainwater pipe and the rainwater pipe connected to the rainwater storage device, and is used to collect metering information of the rainwater pipe network.

[0010] The control system is connected to the metering sensor and is used to control the control valve based on the adjustable rainfall, rainfall prediction information and metering information of the rainwater storage facility.

[0011] This system enables intelligent regulation of rainwater storage facilities, allowing them to play a role in peak shaving and flood control. It effectively reduces and mitigates peak flow in downstream drainage pipes during rainfall, improves drainage system capacity, and fully leverages the role of rainwater storage facilities in alleviating urban flooding. This makes the operation and management of rainwater source storage facilities more specific and targeted.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the first embodiment of the first aspect, the inlet is directly connected to the upstream rainwater pipe of the rainwater pipe network for rainwater collection and storage within the upstream catchment area;

[0013] The outlet is connected to the downstream main pipeline of the rainwater pipe network.

[0014] The bypass rainwater pipe is connected to the main or branch pipe of the downstream rainwater pipe network and is used to collect and transmit rainwater from the upstream catchment area.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a second embodiment of the first aspect, the metering sensing device includes:

[0016] A first metering sensor is installed in the rainwater storage facility to monitor and obtain the water level and water quality information of the rainwater storage facility.

[0017] The second metering sensor is installed in the rainwater pipe and the bypass rainwater pipe connected to the rainwater storage facility, and is used to monitor the flow information of the rainwater pipe network.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a third embodiment of the first aspect, the control system includes:

[0019] The information receiving unit is used to acquire the adjustable rainfall capacity and rainfall forecast information of the rainwater storage facility and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network.

[0020] The model building unit is used to build a rainwater storage numerical model. The adjustable rainfall of the rainwater storage facility, the rainfall prediction information and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network are input into the rainwater storage numerical model to predict the adjustable peak rainfall and the control period. The control period includes the time from the start of storage to the time of storage stop.

[0021] The instruction generation unit is used to control the opening and closing of the control valve based on the control period.

[0022] In conjunction with the third embodiment of the first aspect, in the fourth embodiment of the first aspect, when the instruction generation unit detects that the time has reached the start time of the rainwater storage, it controls the rainwater pipe control valve connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility to open, so that the rainwater is diverted into the rainwater storage facility.

[0023] When the command generation unit detects that the storage stop time has arrived, it controls the control valve of the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility to close, so that rainwater flows into the bypass rainwater pipe.

[0024] In conjunction with the third embodiment of the first aspect, in the fifth embodiment of the first aspect, the control system further includes:

[0025] The rainwater harvesting unit is used to acquire rainwater quality information. When the water quality information reaches a preset target value, the control valve is controlled to allow rainwater to enter the rainwater storage facility. When the liquid level of the rainwater storage facility reaches the maximum storage level, the control valve is controlled to allow rainwater to enter the bypass rainwater pipe.

[0026] In a second aspect of the invention, a rainwater storage method is applied to a control system of a rainwater storage system as described in any embodiment of the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0027] Obtain information on the adjustable rainfall, rainfall forecast, and metering data of rainwater storage facilities;

[0028] Based on the adjustable rainfall of the rainwater storage facility, the rainfall forecast information, and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network, the adjustable peak rainfall is calculated, and the control period is determined. The control period includes the time from the start of the storage to the time when the storage stops.

[0029] The opening and closing of the control valve is controlled based on the aforementioned control period.

[0030] In conjunction with the second aspect, in the first embodiment of the second aspect, obtaining the adjustable rainfall of the rainwater storage facility includes:

[0031] Obtain the design parameters for rainwater storage facilities;

[0032] Based on the design parameters, the storage capacity of the rainwater storage facility is calculated, and the amount of rainwater that can be stored is determined based on the storage capacity.

[0033] The process of obtaining controllable peak rainfall and determining the control period based on the controllable rainfall storage capacity of the rainwater storage facility, the rainfall forecast information, and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network includes:

[0034] A rainwater storage numerical model is constructed. The adjustable rainfall of the rainwater storage facility, the rainfall prediction information, and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network are input into the rainwater storage numerical model to predict the adjustable peak rainfall and the control period. The control period includes the time from the start of storage to the time of storage cessation.

[0035] In conjunction with the second aspect, in the second embodiment of the second aspect, controlling the opening and closing of the control valve based on the control period includes:

[0036] When the monitoring detects that the storage start time has arrived, the control valve of the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility is opened to allow rainwater to be diverted into the rainwater storage facility.

[0037] When the monitoring time reaches the storage stop time, the control valve of the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility is closed, allowing rainwater to flow into the bypass rainwater pipe.

[0038] In conjunction with the second aspect, in a third embodiment of the second aspect, the method further includes:

[0039] Obtain rainwater quality information;

[0040] When the water quality information reaches the preset target value, the control valve is controlled to divert rainwater into the rainwater storage facility.

[0041] When the water level of the rainwater storage facility reaches the maximum storage level, the control valve is activated to allow rainwater to flow into the bypass rainwater pipe. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a rainwater storage system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the scheduling of multiple storage facilities in a rainwater storage control system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a rainwater storage method applied to a rainwater storage system, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between rainfall storage and rainfall duration, based on an exemplary embodiment.

[0047] Figures 5A to 5D This is a schematic diagram of a rainwater drainage system layout according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] In related technologies, as sponge city construction enters the stage of full-area promotion, the number and scale of various rainwater storage facilities will continue to increase. The numerous rainwater storage ponds generally have problems such as large investment and low utilization efficiency, and cannot play the role of peak shaving and flood control.

[0050] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a rainwater storage and control system. This system, applied to single or multiple rainwater storage facilities at different scales, such as construction projects and drainage zones, enables intelligent regulation of these facilities. This allows the rainwater storage facilities to function as peak shaving and flood control devices, effectively reducing and mitigating peak flow in downstream drainage pipes during rainfall, improving drainage system capacity, and fully leveraging the role of rainwater storage facilities in alleviating urban flooding. This makes the operation and management of rainwater source storage facilities more specific and targeted.

[0051] The rainwater storage system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a rainwater pipe network, a metering sensor device, control valves, a control system, and several rainwater storage facilities. Taking one rainwater storage facility in the rainwater storage system as an example, Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a rainwater storage system according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the rainwater pipe network includes: several rainwater pipes 1 and bypass rainwater pipes 2; a rainwater storage facility 4 is equipped with an inlet and an outlet, connected to the rainwater pipes 1 through the inlet and outlet, and connected in parallel with the bypass rainwater pipes 2, for rainwater collection, storage, and transmission; control valves 3 are installed in the rainwater pipes 1 and bypass rainwater pipes 2 connected to the rainwater storage facility 4, for controlling the amount of rainwater and its transmission path; a metering sensor device ( Figure 1(Not shown in the image) is installed in the rainwater storage device 4, the bypass rainwater pipe 2, and the rainwater pipe 1 connected to the rainwater storage device 4, for collecting metering information of the rainwater network; control system ( Figure 1 (Not shown) are connected to the metering sensor for controlling the control valve 3 based on the adjustable rainfall, rainfall prediction information and metering information of the rainwater storage facility 4.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, to utilize the functions of collecting, regulating, storing, and transmitting rainwater within the upstream catchment area, the inlet of the rainwater regulation and storage facility is directly connected to the upstream rainwater pipe of the rainwater pipe network for collecting and regulating rainwater within the upstream catchment area; the outlet of the rainwater regulation and storage facility is connected to the downstream main pipe of the rainwater pipe network; and the bypass rainwater pipe is connected to the downstream main pipe or branch pipe of the rainwater pipe network for collecting and transmitting zoned rainwater within the upstream catchment area.

[0053] In one example, one or more rainwater storage facilities are installed in the stormwater drainage system. The rainwater storage facility 4 has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is directly connected to the upstream stormwater pipe 1, performing the functions of collecting, storing, and transmitting rainwater within the upstream catchment area. The outlet connects to the downstream stormwater pipe 1, such as a main or branch pipe of the downstream stormwater drainage network. The stormwater pipe 1 connected to the rainwater storage facility 4 has a parallel bypass stormwater pipe 2. This bypass stormwater pipe 2 has the function of collecting and transmitting rainwater from the upstream catchment area and connects to the downstream main or branch pipe of the downstream stormwater drainage network.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, the metering sensing device includes: a first metering sensing device, which is installed in the rainwater storage facility 4 and is used to monitor the water level and water quality information of the rainwater storage facility 4; and a second metering sensing device, which is installed in the rainwater pipe 1 and the bypass rainwater pipe 2 connected to the rainwater storage facility 4 and is used to monitor the flow information of the rainwater pipe network.

[0055] In one example, metering sensors are installed in the rainwater storage facility 4 and the rainwater pipe 1. Specifically, a water level sensor is installed in the rainwater storage facility 4 to monitor the water level in real time and transmit it to the control system. Flow sensors are installed in the rainwater pipe 1 connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility 4 and in the bypass rainwater pipe 2 to monitor the flow rate in the rainwater pipe 1 in real time and transmit it to the control system. Flow sensors are also installed on the rainwater pipe 1 downstream of the outlet of each rainwater storage facility 4, such as the main pipe, the terminal main pipe of the project or drainage zone-scale drainage system, to monitor and transmit the flow rate information in the pipe in real time.

[0056] In one embodiment, the control system includes: an information receiving unit for acquiring the adjustable rainfall capacity of the rainwater storage facility 4, rainfall prediction information, and flow information of the rainwater pipe network; a model building unit for constructing a rainwater storage numerical model, inputting the adjustable rainfall capacity of the rainwater storage facility 4, the rainfall prediction information, and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network into the rainwater storage numerical model to predict the adjustable peak rainfall and the control period, wherein the control period includes the start time of storage to the stop time of storage; and an instruction generation unit for controlling the opening and closing of the control valve 3 based on the control period. Specifically, when the instruction generation unit detects that the storage stop time has arrived, it controls the control valve 3 of the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility 4 to close, allowing rainwater to flow into the bypass rainwater pipe 2.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the control system remotely controls the control valve 3 located upstream of the rainwater pipe 1 and the bypass rainwater pipe 2 connected to the rainwater storage facility, thereby controlling the amount of rainwater and the transmission path, and thus realizing intelligent regulation of the rainwater storage facility 4 in the rainwater drainage system.

[0058] In one example, the control system constructs a numerical model by integrating the corresponding construction project or drainage zone scale of the stormwater drainage system. This numerical model is built using open-source software SWMM or commercial software such as InfoWorks ICM and MIKE; it includes, but is not limited to, multi-source information such as pipe network data, underlying surface data, ground elevation data, and stormwater storage facility parameter data within the region. The control system receives monitoring information from rain gauges and rainfall forecasts; simultaneously, it establishes signal communication with the metering sensors installed in stormwater storage facility 4 and stormwater pipe 1. Based on the received information such as rainfall, liquid level, and flow rate, and based on the target of reducing peak flow rate, it uses the numerical model to fit the calculation results, thereby achieving remote control of control valve 3 and intelligent regulation of stormwater storage facility 4 in the stormwater drainage system.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the scheduling of multiple rainwater storage facilities in a rainwater storage control system according to an exemplary embodiment. In another example, the control system can centrally and uniformly allocate multiple storage facilities, and the scheduling process can be as follows: Figure 2 As shown. The control system receives basic information about the rainwater storage facilities collected by metering sensors. After monitoring and forecasting rainfall, it uses SWMM numerical models and deep learning algorithm models to identify the storage capacity of each rainwater storage facility and determine the optimal rainwater storage period T1 for each facility. i That is, rainwater storage facility S iThe inlet valve opening time parameters are used. The inlet valve opening conditions are generated based on these parameters. When the storage start time T1 is reached... i Activate rainwater storage facility S i The inlet valve. The control system obtains data from the rainwater storage facility S. i Current water level H i Based on the current water level H i By using SWMM numerical models and deep learning algorithms, the optimal rainwater storage period and the storage cessation time T2 for each rainwater storage facility were identified. i That is, rainwater storage facility S i The inlet valve opening time parameter. When the time reaches the regulation and storage stop time T2. i Shut down the rainwater storage facility S i The water inlet valve.

[0060] In another embodiment, based on the goal of rainwater reuse, the control system further includes a rainwater recycling unit for acquiring rainwater quality information. When the water quality information reaches a preset target value, the control valve 3 is controlled to allow rainwater to enter the rainwater storage facility 4. When the liquid level of the rainwater storage facility 4 reaches the maximum storage level, the control valve 3 is controlled to allow rainwater to enter the bypass rainwater pipe 2.

[0061] In one example, by installing a metering sensor (which can be one or more of SS, COD, TN, TP, NH3-N) for online water quality monitoring, water quality information in the rainwater storage facility 4 and rainwater pipe 1 is collected. Based on the received information such as rainfall, liquid level, flow rate, and water quality, and based on the goal of rainwater reuse, the control system uses a numerical model to fit the calculation results to achieve remote control of the control valve 3 and intelligent regulation of the rainwater storage facility 4 in the rainwater drainage system.

[0062] Through the above embodiments, intelligent regulation of rainwater storage facilities can be achieved, enabling them to play a role in peak shaving and flood control. This effectively reduces and mitigates peak flow in downstream drainage pipes during rainfall, improves drainage system capacity, and fully leverages the role of rainwater storage facilities in alleviating urban flooding. This makes the operation and management of rainwater source storage facilities more specific and targeted. Simultaneously, it addresses the shortcomings of existing rainwater storage facilities' singular operational methods. By coordinating and allocating rainwater storage facilities, intelligent operation can be achieved according to management needs, maximizing the function and benefits of rainwater storage facilities.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a rainwater storage method applied to a rainwater storage system according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3As shown, the rainwater storage method includes the following steps S301 to S303.

[0064] In step S301, the adjustable rainfall, rainfall forecast information, and metering information of the rainwater storage facility are obtained.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, the metering information is information collected by a metering sensor connected to the control system via a signal, reflecting the rainwater level in the rainwater storage facility and rainwater pipes. To determine the maximum storage capacity of the rainwater storage facility and obtain the adjustable rainfall capacity, the process includes: obtaining the design parameters of the rainwater storage facility; calculating the storage volume of the rainwater storage facility based on the design parameters; and determining the adjustable rainfall capacity based on the storage volume.

[0066] In one example, obtaining the adjustable rainfall capacity of a rainwater storage facility may include: calculating the storage volume of each storage tank based on the design parameters of one or more distributed rainwater storage facilities within the drainage system, identifying the rainfall corresponding to the maximum rainwater storage capacity, and thus the adjustable rainfall.

[0067] In step S302, based on the adjustable rainfall of the rainwater storage facility, rainfall forecast information and flow information of the rainwater pipe network, the adjustable peak rainfall is calculated, and the control period is determined. The control period includes the time from the start of storage to the time when storage stops.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, to ensure that the rainwater storage system does not overload during rainfall, it is necessary to determine the controllable peak rainfall for rainwater storage, and then determine the control period. The process of determining the control period may include:

[0069] A rainwater storage numerical model is constructed. The adjustable rainfall amount of the rainwater storage facility, the rainfall forecast information, and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network are input into the rainwater storage numerical model to predict the adjustable peak rainfall amount and the control period. The control period includes the time from the start of storage to the time of storage cessation.

[0070] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between rainfall storage and rainfall duration according to an exemplary embodiment. See also... Figure 4In one example, the process of determining the control period can be as follows: The control system receives data such as rainfall, rainwater storage facility level, and rainwater pipe flow rate within the area. Using numerical models such as SWMM and data optimization algorithms, it predicts the flow rate of the downstream connecting trunk line for each rainwater storage facility, identifying the peak flow rate (Q0) and the time of its occurrence (T0). Based on the storage capacity of the storage facility, it calculates the controllable peak rainfall (Q2) and the control period (T1~T2). Here, Q2 equals the storage capacity of the storage facility, representing the controllable rainfall value for the rainwater pipe network; the time points T1~T2 represent the start and end times of the storage operation, at which point the rainwater pipe flow rate corresponding to time points T1 and T2 is Q1.

[0071] In step S303, the opening and closing of the control valve is controlled based on the control period.

[0072] In this embodiment of the invention, during rainfall, when the monitoring time reaches the start time of the rainwater storage, the control valve of the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility is opened to divert rainwater into the rainwater storage facility; when the monitoring time reaches the stop time of the rainwater storage, the control valve of the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility is closed to allow rainwater to flow into the bypass rainwater pipe.

[0073] In one example, controlling the opening and closing of the control valves may include: at the beginning of rainfall, the drainage system is in an initial operating state, that is, the valves on the rainwater pipe network connected to the inlet of one or more storage tanks are in a closed state; the valves on the bypass rainwater pipe connected in parallel with the rainwater storage facility are in a closed state, and rainwater is discharged into the downstream drainage network through the bypass pipe.

[0074] During rainfall, the control system, based on received information such as rainfall, liquid level, and flow rate, as well as the results of numerical simulation and optimization algorithms, sends a remote control command to the control valves when the flow rate in the downstream stormwater main reaches the stormwater pipeline flow rate Q1, corresponding to the start time T1 of the storage. This opens the valve on the stormwater pipeline connected to the inlet of the storage facility and closes the control valve upstream of the parallel bypass stormwater pipeline, allowing upstream stormwater to enter the storage facility. When the rainfall in the storage facility reaches its maximum storage capacity (Q2), corresponding to the stop time T2 of the storage, a remote control command is sent to the control valves to adjust the control valves to close the control valve on the stormwater pipeline connected to the inlet of the storage facility and open the control valve upstream of the parallel bypass stormwater pipeline, allowing stormwater to flow by gravity into the downstream pipeline via the bypass stormwater pipeline.

[0075] In another embodiment, when the control objective is rainwater resource collection and reuse, the control method includes: acquiring rainwater quality information; when the water quality information reaches a preset target value, controlling the control valve to divert rainwater into the rainwater storage facility; when the liquid level of the rainwater storage facility reaches the maximum storage level, controlling the control valve to allow rainwater to flow into the bypass rainwater pipe.

[0076] In one example, when the control objective is rainwater harvesting and reuse, the regulation method may include:

[0077] Step 1: Based on the design parameters of the single or multiple distributed rainwater storage facilities within the drainage system, calculate the storage volume of each storage tank, identify the rainfall corresponding to the maximum rainwater storage capacity, and thus store the rainwater.

[0078] Step 2: At the beginning of rainfall, the drainage system is in the initial operation state, that is, the valves on the rainwater pipe network connected to the inlet of one or more storage tanks are in the closed state; the valves on the bypass rainwater pipe connected in parallel with the rainwater storage facility are in the open state, and rainwater is discharged into the downstream drainage network through the bypass pipe.

[0079] Step 3: The control system receives information such as rainfall, rainwater storage facility level, and rainwater pipeline water quality data within its area. Based on numerical model predictions (SWMM, etc.) and rainwater pipeline water quality monitoring results, it identifies when the water quality in the rainwater pipeline connected upstream of the rainwater storage facility inlet reaches the target reuse value (time point T1). At this time, the control system sends a control command to the valves. The valve on the rainwater pipeline connected to the storage facility inlet opens, and the control valve upstream of the parallel bypass rainwater pipeline closes, allowing upstream rainwater to enter and accumulate in the storage facility.

[0080] Step 4: According to the liquid level monitoring device of the storage facility, when the liquid level of the storage facility reaches the maximum storage level, the corresponding time reaches the storage stop time T2. The control system sends a remote control command to the control valve and adjusts the valve connecting the inlet of the storage facility to the rainwater pipe network to close, and opens the upstream valve of the parallel bypass rainwater pipe. The rainwater flows into the downstream pipe by gravity through the bypass rainwater pipe.

[0081] In the drainage system, one or more rainwater storage facilities can be controlled individually or synchronously based on the metering results of sensor devices, numerical simulation and optimization algorithm analysis results, so as to achieve the optimal rainwater resource collection and reuse target based on the concentration requirements of key water quality indicators.

[0082] The following examples will use a specific area as an example to illustrate the process of rainwater storage with different storage targets.

[0083] Figures 5A to 5DThis is a schematic diagram of a rainwater drainage system layout according to an exemplary embodiment. Figures 5A to 5D As shown, four rainwater storage facilities are distributed throughout a certain area, designated S1, S2, S3, and S4. The inlets of these four rainwater storage facilities are connected to rainwater pipes L11, L21, L31, and L41, respectively, and are equipped with control valves ORI1, ORI3, ORI5, and ORI7. The outlets of the four rainwater storage facilities are connected to the main pipe sections L1, L2, L3, and L4 of the drainage system, respectively. At the rainwater pipes connected to the rainwater storage facilities, parallel bypass rainwater pipes L12, L22, L32, and L42 are installed, each equipped with control valves ORI2, ORI4, ORI6, and ORI8. The terminal main pipe of the rainwater network in this area is denoted as L0.

[0084] In one implementation scenario, when the control objective is to reduce the peak flow rate of the main pipe at the end of the drainage system, the control method can be as follows:

[0085] Step 1: Based on the design parameters of the four distributed rainwater storage facilities within the drainage system, calculate the storage volume of each facility and identify the rainfall corresponding to the maximum rainwater storage capacity, thus determining the amount of rainwater to be stored. For example, the storage capacity of the rainwater storage facilities can be shown in Table 1.

[0086] Table 1

[0087] Name of storage facility Height (m) Area (m2) Effective volume (m3) Adjustable rainfall storage capacity Q2 (mm) S1 4 85 340 16.19 S2 4 105 420 20.2 S3 3 40 120 10.189 S4 4 49 196 18.56

[0088] Step 2: Under a two-year return period rainfall condition, the drainage system is in its initial operational state at the beginning of the rainfall. The valves on the rainwater pipeline connected to the inlet of the stormwater storage facility are closed, i.e., ORI1, ORI3, ORI5, and ORI7 are closed; the valves on the bypass rainwater pipeline connected in parallel with the stormwater storage facility are open, i.e., ORI2, ORI4, ORI6, and ORI8 are open; rainwater is discharged downstream through the bypass rainwater pipelines L12, L22, L32, and L42 to the main drainage pipes L1, L2, L3, and L4; and finally discharged from the terminal main pipe L0.

[0089] Step 3: The control system receives data such as rainfall, rainwater storage facility level, and rainwater pipe flow rate within its area. Using numerical models such as SWMM and data optimization algorithms, it predicts the flow rate of the downstream connecting main pipes (L1, L2, L3, L4) of the rainwater storage facilities (S1, S2, S3, S4), intelligently identifying the peak flow rate (Q0) and the time of its occurrence (T0). Based on the storage capacity and the level metering device of the storage facilities, it calculates the controllable peak rainfall (Q2) and the control period (T1~T2). Q2 equals the storage capacity of the storage facilities, representing the controllable rainfall value for the rainwater pipe network; T1~T2 represents the start and end times of the storage operation. For example, the identification of the storage rainfall and control time in the drainage system can be shown in Table 2.

[0090] Table 2

[0091] Rainwater pipe name Peak flow rate Q0 (m³ / s) T0 T1 T2 L1 7.71 0：55：00 0：50：00 01：05：00 L2 7 0：54：00 0：48：00 01：08：00 L3 0.58 01：02：00 0：56：00 0 1：12：00 L4 0.28 0：50：00 01：01：00 02：01：00

[0092] Step 4: During rainfall, the control system, based on received information such as rainfall, liquid level, and flow rate, as well as the results of numerical simulation and optimization algorithm analysis, sends a remote control command to the control valves in the pipeline system when the rainfall time reaches T1. The valve on the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the storage facility opens, and the control valve upstream of the parallel bypass rainwater pipe closes, allowing upstream rainwater to enter the storage facility. When the rainfall in the storage facility reaches its maximum storage capacity (Q2), corresponding to time T2, the control system sends a remote control command to the control valves, adjusting the valve connecting the inlet of the storage facility to the rainwater pipeline network to close, and the valve upstream of the parallel bypass rainwater pipe to open, allowing rainwater to flow by gravity into the downstream pipeline via the bypass rainwater pipe. For example, the intelligent control of the rainwater storage facility can be shown in Table 3.

[0093] Table 3

[0094]

[0095] By implementing intelligent control of four rainwater storage facilities in the drainage system, the goal of reducing peak flow in the downstream rainwater system network is ultimately achieved. Based on the location of each storage facility and the differences in the upstream catchment area, the peak flow reduction rate of the drainage rainwater network can reach 1%–11%, as shown in Table 4.

[0096] Table 4

[0097]

[0098] In another implementation scenario, when the control objective is to reduce the peak flow rate of the main pipe at the end of the drainage system, the control method can be:

[0099] Step 1: Based on the design parameters of the four distributed rainwater storage facilities within the drainage system, calculate the storage volume of each facility and identify the rainfall corresponding to the maximum rainwater storage capacity, thus determining the amount of rainwater that can be stored. See Table 5.

[0100] Table 5

[0101]

[0102] Step 2: Under the condition of a once-a-year rainfall event, the drainage system is in the initial operation state at the beginning of the rainfall. The valves on the rainwater pipeline connected to the inlet of the stormwater storage facility are in the closed state, that is, ORI1, ORI3, ORI5, and ORI7 are in the closed state; the valves on the bypass rainwater pipeline connected in parallel with the stormwater storage facility are in the open state, that is, ORI2, ORI4, ORI6, and ORI8 are in the open state; the rainwater is discharged into the downstream drainage mains L1, L2, L3, and L4 through the bypass rainwater pipelines L12, L22, L32, and L42; and finally discharged from the terminal mains L0.

[0103] Step 3: The control system receives data such as rainfall, rainwater storage facility level, and rainwater pipeline flow rate within its area. Using numerical models such as SWMM and data optimization algorithms, it predicts and analyzes the flow rate information of the terminal trunk line L0, intelligently identifying the peak flow rate (Q0) and the time of its occurrence (T0). Based on the storage capacity and level metering device of the storage facility, it calculates the controllable peak rainfall (Q2) and the control period (T1~T2). Q2 equals the storage capacity of the storage facility, representing the controllable rainfall value for the rainwater network; T1~T2 represents the start and end times of the storage operation. See Table 6.

[0104] Table 6

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] Step 4: During rainfall, the control system, based on received information such as rainfall, liquid level, and flow rate, as well as the results of numerical simulation and optimization algorithm analysis, sends a remote control command to the control valves in the pipeline system when the rainfall time reaches T1. The valve on the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the storage facility opens, and the control valve upstream of the parallel bypass rainwater pipe closes, allowing upstream rainwater to enter the storage facility. When the rainfall in the storage facility reaches its maximum storage capacity (Q2), corresponding to time T2, the control system sends a remote control command to the control valves, adjusting the valve connecting the inlet of the storage facility to the rainwater pipeline to close, and the valve upstream of the parallel bypass rainwater pipe to open, allowing rainwater to flow by gravity into the downstream pipeline via the bypass rainwater pipe. See Table 7.

[0108] Table 7

[0109]

[0110] By implementing unified intelligent control of four rainwater storage facilities in the drainage system, the goal of reducing the peak flow of the drainage system's terminal pipe network can be achieved, with a peak flow reduction rate of 4-6%.

[0111] In another real-time scenario, when the control objective is rainwater harvesting and reuse, the control method consists of the following steps:

[0112] Taking a certain area as an example, there are four distributed rainwater storage facilities in this area, namely S1, S2, S3, and S4. The inlets of the four rainwater storage facilities are connected to rainwater pipes L11, L21, L31, and L41, respectively, and are equipped with control valves ORI1, ORI3, ORI5, and ORI7. The outlets of the four rainwater storage facilities are connected to the main pipe sections L1, L2, L3, and L4 of the drainage system, respectively. At the rainwater pipes connected to the rainwater storage facilities, parallel bypass rainwater pipes L12, L22, L32, and L42 are installed, and are equipped with control valves ORI2, ORI4, ORI6, and ORI8, respectively. The terminal main pipe of the rainwater pipe network in this area is denoted as L0.

[0113] Step 1: Based on the design parameters of the four distributed rainwater storage facilities within the drainage system, calculate the storage volume of each facility and identify the rainfall corresponding to the maximum rainwater storage capacity, thus determining the amount of rainwater that can be stored. See Table 8.

[0114] Table 8

[0115]

[0116] Step 2: Under a two-year return period rainfall condition, the drainage system is in its initial operational state at the beginning of the rainfall. The valves on the rainwater pipeline connected to the inlet of the stormwater storage facility are closed, i.e., ORI1, ORI3, ORI5, and ORI7 are closed; the valves on the bypass rainwater pipeline connected in parallel with the stormwater storage facility are open, i.e., ORI2, ORI4, ORI6, and ORI8 are open; rainwater is discharged downstream through the bypass rainwater pipelines L12, L22, L32, and L42 to the main drainage pipes L1, L2, L3, and L4; and finally discharged from the terminal main pipe L0.

[0117] Step 3: The control system receives information such as rainfall, rainwater storage facility level, and rainwater pipeline water quality data within its area. Using numerical models such as SWMM and rainwater pipeline water quality monitoring results, it identifies the rainwater pipeline connected upstream of the rainwater storage facility inlet. With SS concentration as the control target, when the monitored water quality reaches the reuse target setpoint (80 mg / L), corresponding to time point T1, the control system sends a control command to the valve. The valve on the rainwater pipeline connected to the storage facility inlet opens, and the control valve upstream of the parallel bypass rainwater pipeline closes, allowing upstream rainwater to enter the storage facility for accumulation. See Table 9.

[0118] Table 9

[0119] Name of storage facility SS mg / L (upstream pipeline network) T1 Control commands S1 67.5 0：58：00 ORI1 is enabled, ORI2 is disabled. S2 78.2 1：20：00 ORI3 is enabled, ORI4 is disabled. S3 80.03 1：03：00 ORI5 enabled, ORI6 disabled. S4 69.01 0：54：00 ORI7 is enabled, ORI8 is disabled.

[0120] Step 4: According to the water level monitoring device of the storage facility, when the water level of the storage facility reaches the maximum storage level, corresponding to time T2, the control system sends a remote control command to the control valve, adjusting the valve connecting the inlet of the storage facility to the rainwater pipe network to close, and the upstream valve of the parallel bypass rainwater pipe to open, so that rainwater flows into the downstream pipe by gravity through the bypass rainwater pipe. As shown in Table 10.

[0121] Table 10

[0122]

[0123] Based on the metering results of the sensors, numerical simulations, and optimization algorithms, the four rainwater storage facilities in the drainage system are intelligently controlled to achieve stable rainwater concentration (SS as an example) within the storage facilities at 13–53 mg / L, thus achieving the goal of rainwater resource collection and reuse.

[0124] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A rainwater storage system, characterized in that, include: Rainwater pipe network, metering and sensing devices, control valves, control system and several rainwater storage facilities; The rainwater pipe network includes: several rainwater pipes and bypass rainwater pipes; The rainwater storage facility is equipped with an inlet and an outlet, which are connected to the rainwater pipe and in parallel with the bypass rainwater pipe for rainwater collection, storage, and transmission. The inlet is directly connected to the upstream rainwater pipe of the rainwater network for rainwater collection and storage within the upstream catchment area. The outlet is connected to the downstream main rainwater pipe of the rainwater network. The bypass rainwater pipe is connected to the downstream main pipe or branch pipe of the rainwater network for the collection and transmission of zoned rainwater within the upstream catchment area. The control valve is installed in the rainwater pipe and the bypass rainwater pipe connected to the rainwater storage facility, and is used to control the amount of rainwater and the transmission path. The metering sensor is installed in the rainwater storage facility, the bypass rainwater pipe and the rainwater pipe connected to the rainwater storage facility, and is used to collect metering information of the rainwater pipe network. The metering information includes water level information and water quality information of the rainwater storage facility, as well as flow information of the rainwater pipe network. The control system is connected to the metering sensor and is used to control the control valve based on the adjustable rainfall, rainfall prediction information, and metering information of the rainwater storage facility. The control system is used to: input the adjustable rainfall, rainfall prediction information, and flow information of the rainwater pipe network into a pre-constructed rainwater storage numerical model to predict the adjustable peak rainfall and the control period, which includes the start and end times of storage; control the opening and closing of the control valve based on the control period; control the valve to allow rainwater to enter the rainwater storage facility when the water quality information reaches a preset target value; and control the valve to allow rainwater to enter the bypass rainwater pipe when the water level in the rainwater storage facility reaches the maximum storage level.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metering sensing device includes: A first metering sensor is installed in the rainwater storage facility to monitor and obtain the water level and water quality information of the rainwater storage facility. The second metering sensor is installed in the rainwater pipe and the bypass rainwater pipe connected to the rainwater storage facility, and is used to monitor the flow information of the rainwater pipe network.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system includes: The information receiving unit is used to acquire the adjustable rainfall capacity and rainfall forecast information of the rainwater storage facility and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network. The model building unit is used to build a rainwater storage numerical model. The adjustable rainfall of the rainwater storage facility, the rainfall prediction information and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network are input into the rainwater storage numerical model to predict the adjustable peak rainfall and the control period. The control period includes the time from the start of storage to the time of storage stop. The instruction generation unit is used to control the opening and closing of the control valve based on the control period.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the instruction generation unit detects that the time has reached the start time of the rainwater storage, it controls the rainwater pipe control valve connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility to open, so that the rainwater is diverted into the rainwater storage facility. When the command generation unit detects that the storage stop time has arrived, it controls the control valve of the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility to close, so that rainwater flows into the bypass rainwater pipe.

5. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control system further includes: The rainwater harvesting unit is used to acquire rainwater quality information. When the water quality information reaches a preset target value, the control valve is controlled to allow rainwater to enter the rainwater storage facility. When the liquid level of the rainwater storage facility reaches the maximum storage level, the control valve is controlled to allow rainwater to enter the bypass rainwater pipe.

6. A rainwater storage method, applied to the control system of the rainwater storage system as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method includes: The adjustable rainfall, rainfall forecast information, and metering information of the rainwater storage facility are obtained. The metering information includes the water level and water quality information of the rainwater storage facility, as well as the flow information of the rainwater pipe network. Based on the adjustable rainfall of the rainwater storage facility, the rainfall forecast information, and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network, the adjustable peak rainfall is calculated, and the control period is determined. The control period includes the time from the start of the storage to the time when the storage stops. Based on the aforementioned control period, the opening and closing of the control valve is controlled; The method further includes: When the water quality information reaches the preset target value, the control valve is controlled to divert rainwater into the rainwater storage facility. When the water level of the rainwater storage facility reaches the maximum storage level, the control valve is activated to allow rainwater to flow into the bypass rainwater pipe.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The acquisition of the adjustable rainfall of the rainwater storage facility includes: Obtain the design parameters for rainwater storage facilities; Based on the design parameters, the storage capacity of the rainwater storage facility is calculated, and the amount of rainwater that can be stored is determined based on the storage capacity. The process of obtaining controllable peak rainfall and determining the control period based on the controllable rainfall storage capacity of the rainwater storage facility, the rainfall forecast information, and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network includes: A rainwater storage numerical model is constructed. The adjustable rainfall of the rainwater storage facility, the rainfall prediction information, and the flow information of the rainwater pipe network are input into the rainwater storage numerical model to predict the adjustable peak rainfall and the control period. The control period includes the time from the start of storage to the time of storage cessation.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control of the opening and closing of the control valve based on the control period includes: When the monitoring detects that the storage start time has arrived, the control valve of the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility is opened to allow rainwater to be diverted into the rainwater storage facility. When the monitoring time reaches the storage stop time, the control valve of the rainwater pipe connected to the inlet of the rainwater storage facility is closed, allowing rainwater to flow into the bypass rainwater pipe.

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