Heat exchanger

Abstract

The application provides a heat exchanger, comprising a plurality of microstructure sheets, the microstructure sheet comprising a heat exchange area with microstructures, an edge area with an inlet area and an outlet area, the microstructures comprising a plurality of hollow protrusions; a plurality of microstructure sheet spacers, the microstructure sheet spacers being provided with flow inlets and flow outlets corresponding to the inlet area and the outlet area respectively; and a plurality of the microstructure sheet spacers and a plurality of the edge areas being alternately stacked. By arranging the microstructures as hollow protrusions, the application expands the available forming processes, for example, the microstructure sheet and the microstructure sheet spacer can be formed by stamping, which is simpler than the traditional etching process, has low production cost, high production efficiency and small environmental pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchange equipment technology, and more specifically to a heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] A heat exchanger is a device that transfers some of the heat from a hot working fluid to a cold working fluid.

[0003] Microchannel plate heat exchangers are a new type of heat exchanger formed by alternately stacking working fluid channel plates with refrigerant fluid channels.

[0004] However, refrigerant fluid channels and working fluid channels are formed by physical etching or chemical etching, which consumes a lot of materials, has high manufacturing costs, low production efficiency, and causes some pollution to the environment.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide an improved heat exchanger to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat exchanger.

[0007] To solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A heat exchanger, comprising:

[0009] Several microstructured sheets, each microstructured sheet including a heat exchange zone with microstructures, an edge zone with an inlet zone and an outlet zone, wherein the microstructures include several hollow protrusions;

[0010] A gasket for a plurality of microstructured sheets, wherein the gasket for the microstructured sheets has an inlet and an outlet corresponding to the inlet area and the outlet area, respectively;

[0011] The spacers of the microstructure sheets are alternately stacked with the edge regions.

[0012] Furthermore, the microstructure sheet includes fluid channels located between adjacent protrusions, wherein the ratio of the width of the fluid channels to the thickness of the microstructure sheet is no greater than 3.

[0013] Furthermore, the height of the protrusion is not greater than the thickness of the microstructure sheet, and / or the diameter of the protrusion is not greater than 0.7 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent protrusions is between 0.5mm and 2.5mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjacent rows of protrusions on each of the aforementioned microstructure pieces are staggered.

[0016] Furthermore, the protrusions on adjacent microstructure sheets are eccentrically positioned.

[0017] Furthermore, the eccentricity distance between the protrusions on two adjacent microstructure sheets is between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the protrusion diameter.

[0018] Furthermore, the thickness of the pad of the microstructure sheet is consistent with the height of the microstructure.

[0019] Furthermore, the width of the spacer in the microstructure sheet is between 2.5 mm and 5 mm.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by setting the microstructure as a hollow protrusion, the available molding processes are expanded. For example, a stamping process can be used to form microstructure sheets and spacers for the microstructure sheets. Compared with the traditional etching process, the process is simple, the production cost is low, the production efficiency is high, and the environmental pollution is small. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the compact heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an exploded perspective view of the compact heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a portion of the working fluid channel plate with the second working fluid channel plate located on the upper side;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Top view;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Partial exploded view;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a portion of the working fluid channel plate, with the first working fluid channel plate located on the upper side;

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Top view;

[0028] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Partial exploded view;

[0029] Figure 9 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0030] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Cross-sectional view;

[0031] Figure 11 yes Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the guide section installed at the end of the working fluid channel plate;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment with misaligned end faces of the working fluid channel plate;

[0033] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the third embodiment with misaligned end faces of the working fluid channel plate;

[0034] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment with misaligned end faces of the working fluid channel plate;

[0035] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the fifth embodiment with misaligned end faces of the working fluid channel plate;

[0036] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of alternating stacking of several microstructure sheets and several microstructure sheets with spacers;

[0037] Figure 17 This is a structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary limiting plate;

[0038] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another heat exchanger preparation method according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments do not limit the present invention, and any structural, methodological, or functional modifications made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the various illustrations of this invention, for ease of illustration, certain dimensions of structures or parts may be exaggerated relative to other structures or parts; therefore, only the basic structure of the subject matter of this invention is used to illustrate the invention.

[0041] For ease of description, the orientation of the heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the present invention in actual application is defined as "above" and "below". The term "connection" as used herein can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via another quick connector / adapter; "direct connection" refers to a connection between the two without any other structure or quick connector.

[0042] Please see Figures 1 to 18 As shown, this invention is based on the "thermal resistance balance theory", stamping process and atomic diffusion combined process to design a compact heat exchanger and its preparation method, aiming to design a heat exchanger with low manufacturing cost, high production yield, compact structure and good heat exchange performance.

[0043] The heat exchanger includes a plurality of working fluid channel plates stacked along a first direction and a working fluid channel formed between two adjacent working fluid channel plates. One of the two adjacent channels is used to circulate a first fluid and the other is used to circulate a second fluid. When the first fluid and the second fluid have a temperature difference, they transfer heat to each other.

[0044] The inventors discovered that by setting several microstructures on the working fluid channel plate to divide the working fluid channel into several parallel or cross-connected microchannels, the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger can be improved. In the traditional structure, the working fluid channel plate includes a heat exchange zone and an edge zone. The microstructure is set in the heat exchange zone, and the edge zone needs to protrude towards the side where the microstructure is located to form a dam to prevent fluid from flowing outward, while also connecting with the working fluid channel plate on the other side. That is, the thickness of the heat exchanger needs to be greater than the thickness of the heat exchange zone. If the working fluid channel plate is formed by stamping, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. However, after stamping to form the microstructure and dam, a cavity corresponding to the microstructure and dam is formed on the other side of the working fluid channel plate, which cannot be connected with the adjacent working fluid channel plate, making it impossible to form the working fluid channel plate by stamping.

[0045] After further research, the inventors designed the working fluid channel plate as follows: the working fluid channel plate includes a pad and microstructure plates stacked along a first direction. From a view perpendicular to the direction of the working fluid channel plate, the shape of the microstructure plates is the same as the shape of the working fluid channel plate, and the microstructure plates also have heat exchange areas and edge areas corresponding to the working fluid channel plate; the pad of the microstructure plate has the same shape as the dam, and the pad of the microstructure plate is located on the side of the microstructure plate where the microstructure is provided.

[0046] This invention divides the working fluid channel sheet into two parts along a first direction. The gasket and the microstructure sheet are formed separately using a stamping process, and then the two parts are stacked together by atomic diffusion bonding. Compared to the traditional etching process for forming the working fluid channel sheet, this invention is suitable for mass production, significantly reducing production costs, increasing production efficiency, and minimizing environmental pollution.

[0047] The inventors discovered in their research that the smaller the thickness of the gasket and the microstructure sheet, the lighter the weight, the lower the thermal resistance, and the better the heat exchange performance of the final heat exchanger. However, based on the limitations of current sheet materials and their properties, as well as the stamping process, the thickness of the gasket and the microstructure sheet is selected to be no greater than 0.1 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.07 mm, or 0.075 mm.

[0048] When the microstructure sheet is formed by stamping, the basic function of the microstructure sheet is completed by creating a heat exchange zone on the sheet. The microstructure is a hollow protrusion, and the gaps between several protrusions are connected to form microchannels, which divide the fluid into several small streams for heat exchange, thereby improving the heat exchange performance.

[0049] This invention has discovered that the thickness of the microstructured sheet, the size of the protrusions, and their spacing jointly determine the pressure resistance between the first and second fluids. Specifically, the greater the thickness of the microstructured sheet, the larger the diameter of the protrusions, and the smaller the spacing between the protrusions, the stronger the pressure resistance between the first and second fluids. Therefore, based on the performance of the sheet metal, the limits of the stamping process, the pressure resistance between adjacent microstructured sheets, the hydraulic diameter of the working fluid channel, and flow losses, the height of the protrusions, the diameter of the protrusions, and the gap between adjacent protrusions can be designed and optimized.

[0050] Preferably, the ratio of the width of the microchannel to the thickness of the microstructure sheet is no greater than 3. The width of the microchannel is the gap width between two adjacent protrusions.

[0051] Specifically, the height of the protrusion is not less than the thickness of the microstructure sheet, and preferably the height of the protrusion is the same as the height of the microstructure sheet. The diameter of the protrusion is not greater than 0.7 mm, preferably not less than 0.5 mm, which is the optimal design to balance the performance of the stamping die and the microstructure sheet. The spacing between two adjacent protrusions is between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 1.5 mm.

[0052] Preferably, the adjacent rows of protrusions are staggered, which further increases the disturbance to the fluid and improves the heat transfer performance. In one embodiment, the projection of each protrusion onto the adjacent row of protrusions is located at the exact center of the two adjacent protrusions, the protrusions are evenly distributed, and the support points between adjacent microstructure sheets are uniform.

[0053] The thickness of the gasket of the microstructure sheet is the same as the height of the protrusion. When stacked to form a heat exchanger, both the protrusion and the gasket of the microstructure sheet are combined with another microstructure sheet. The protrusion divides the working fluid channel into microchannels, and the gasket of the microstructure sheet is combined with the edge area to form a dam.

[0054] The width of the gaskets in the microstructured plates, together with the top and bottom plates on both sides of the several working fluid channel plates, determines the pressure resistance of the heat exchanger. In this invention, the width of the gaskets in the microstructured plates is selected based on the pressure resistance of the heat exchanger and the atomic diffusion bonding process, for example, between 2.5 mm and 5 mm.

[0055] Additionally, the microstructure sheet is provided with an inlet area and an outlet area that communicate with the working fluid channel to allow fluid to flow into the heat exchange zone. The gasket of the microstructure sheet has an inlet and an outlet corresponding to the inlet and outlet areas, respectively. Depending on the arrangement of the inlet and outlet, the gasket of the microstructure sheet can be a single piece or multiple pieces.

[0056] Preferably, both the inlet and outlet zones are provided with flow-guiding microstructures. These microstructures guide the fluid flow and, in conjunction with the microstructure sheets of adjacent layers, form support points, enhancing the bonding and compressive strength of both. In one specific embodiment, the density of the flow-guiding microstructures is lower than that of the microstructures in the heat exchange zone, serving as a buffer zone for fluid entry and reducing flow resistance. Furthermore, the flow-guiding microstructures have a larger area than the microstructures themselves, providing greater support to adjacent microstructure sheets.

[0057] All microstructure pieces and all microstructure piece gaskets can have the same structure. When stacked, the inlet and outlet areas of two adjacent microstructure pieces intersect, meaning that the first fluid and the second fluid enter the first working fluid channel and the second working fluid channel in the heat exchanger in different directions.

[0058] Furthermore, adaptable to two different fluids, the working fluid channel sheet includes alternately arranged first working fluid channel sheet 1 and second working fluid channel sheet 2. The first working fluid channel sheet 1 and the second working fluid channel sheet 2 are respectively provided with different microstructures, such that the working fluid channel includes a first working fluid channel defined by the microstructure of the first working fluid channel sheet 1 and the second working fluid channel sheet 1, and a second working fluid channel formed by the microstructure of the second working fluid channel sheet 2 and the first working fluid channel sheet 1. Specifically, the first working fluid channel sheet 1 includes a pad 11 and a first microstructure sheet 12 stacked along a first direction, and the second working fluid channel sheet 2 includes a pad 21 and a second microstructure sheet 22 stacked along the first direction.

[0059] The "alternating arrangement" is explained as follows: The first working fluid channel piece 1 includes a first A surface and a first B surface, and the second working fluid channel piece 2 includes a second A surface and a second B surface. For example, the first A surface and the first B surface are the upper and lower surfaces of the first working fluid channel piece 1, respectively, and the second A surface and the second B surface are the lower and upper surfaces of the second working fluid channel piece 2, respectively. The first working fluid channel piece 1 and the second working fluid channel piece 2 are alternately stacked with their first A surfaces facing each other, and a first working fluid channel 13 for the flow of the first fluid is formed between the first A surface and the second A surface; a second working fluid channel 23 for the flow of the second fluid is formed between the first B surface and the second B surface.

[0060] Alternatively, the gaskets of the microstructured sheets include a first microstructured sheet gasket 11 and a second microstructured sheet gasket 21, with the first microstructured sheet gasket 11 and the second microstructured sheet gasket 21 having different microstructures to accommodate different fluids; the microstructured sheets include a first microstructured sheet 12 and a second microstructured sheet 22. The first microstructured sheet gasket 11 is stacked on the side of the first microstructured sheet 12 where the microstructure is provided to form the first working fluid channel sheet 1, and the second microstructured sheet gasket 21 is stacked on the side of the second microstructured sheet 22 where the microstructure is provided to form the second working fluid channel sheet 2, thereby the first working fluid channel sheet 1 and the second working fluid channel sheet 2 are alternately stacked to form the compact heat exchanger.

[0061] In this invention, the first fluid represents a low-pressure fluid and the second fluid represents a high-pressure fluid. For example, the first fluid is water and the second fluid is a refrigerant. Of course, in other embodiments, it is not limited to heat exchange between water and refrigerant; heat exchange can also be performed between two other fluids.

[0062] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the inlet area and outlet area of ​​the first microstructure piece 12 are respectively located on opposite sides. The gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece includes two separate parts, which form the dam on both sides of the non-inlet area and non-outlet area of ​​the first microstructure piece 12. The water inlet area between the two parts of the gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece forms the first fluid inlet for water to flow in, and the outlet area forms the first fluid outlet for water to flow out. For ease of description, the gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece is defined as being located on the front and rear sides, and the first fluid inlet and the first fluid outlet are located on the left and right sides.

[0063] The gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet is an annular structure disposed around the second microstructure sheet 22, and the inlet area and outlet area of ​​the second microstructure sheet 22 are both located inside the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet.

[0064] In other embodiments, the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet can also be similar to the gasket 11 of the first microstructure sheet, having two pieces disposed on opposite sides of the second microstructure sheet 22, and the second fluid inlet and the second fluid outlet can be disposed on the same side as the first fluid inlet and the first fluid outlet, thereby forming a co-current or counter-current flow with the first fluid layer; the second fluid inlet and the second fluid outlet can also be disposed on the left and right sides, thereby forming a direct-current flow with the first fluid layer. Alternatively, the gasket 11 of the first microstructure sheet can also be similar to the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet, and the second fluid inlet and the second fluid outlet can be disposed on the same side as the first fluid inlet and the first fluid outlet, or the arrangement direction of the second fluid inlet and the second fluid outlet is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first fluid inlet and the first fluid outlet.

[0065] The first working fluid channel plate 1 and the second working fluid channel plate 2 are provided with a first recess 14 and a second recess 15 connected to the first recess 14 on the side where the inlet area and outlet area of ​​the first working fluid channel plate 1 are located. That is, the first recess 14 and the second recess 15 are located on the left and right sides of the first working fluid channel plate 1 and the second working fluid channel plate 2, and the second recess 15 is further recessed from the two inner walls that are arranged opposite to the first recess 14.

[0066] In one specific embodiment, the first microstructure sheet 12, the pad 21 of the second microstructure sheet, and the second microstructure sheet 22 are provided with the first recess 14 and the second recess 15 on both the left and right sides. Since the pad 11 of the first microstructure sheet is provided on the front and rear sides, the pad 11 of the first microstructure sheet does not have the first recess 14, but has the second recess 15.

[0067] The second recess 15 is located on the outer side, and its width in the front-to-back direction is greater than that of the first recess 14. The depth of the second recess 15 in the left-to-right direction is less than that of the first recess 14. Furthermore, the width of the first recess 14 and the second recess 15 on one side is greater than the width of the first recess 14 and the second recess 15 on the other side.

[0068] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the compact heat exchanger further includes a connecting plate 3 disposed on the first fluid inlet and first fluid outlet sides, and a first fluid pipe 4 connected to the connecting plate 3. The connecting plate 3 has a connecting hole 31 that mates with the first fluid pipe 4. The connecting plate 3 is fixed to the inner wall of the second recess 15 by welding. Of course, the connecting plate 3 and the inner wall of the second recess 15 can also be fixed by adhesive or screws. In this embodiment, the first fluid pipe 4 includes a first fluid inlet pipe and a first fluid outlet pipe, which is the connecting pipe for water flow. A fluid distribution cavity 28 is formed between the connecting plate 3 and the first working fluid channel inlet, and between the connecting plate 3 and the first working fluid channel outlet. The end of the connecting pipe is located inside the connecting hole 31 and fixed to the inner wall of the connecting hole 31, and / or the connecting pipe passes through the connecting hole 31 and the end of the connecting pipe is fixed to the side of the connecting plate 3 facing the working fluid channel plate.

[0069] In this embodiment, the end of the connecting pipe is located inside the connecting hole 31 and fixed to the inner wall of the connecting hole 31. That is, the connecting pipe does not extend into the fluid distribution cavity 28, thereby ensuring sufficient space at the inlet and outlet ends to ensure that water can smoothly enter the first working fluid channel. Similarly, sufficient space is also left at the outlet end to ensure that water can smoothly flow out of the compact heat exchanger. Since the connecting pipe is located inside the connecting hole 31, it will not become a resistance to the flow of water in the fluid distribution cavity 28. The connecting pipe also has a stop 41 that cooperates with the wall of the connecting plate 3 facing away from the working fluid channel plate to prevent the connecting pipe from being over-installed, thereby effectively preventing the connecting pipe from extending into the fluid distribution cavity 28 during installation.

[0070] The inner walls of the connecting pipe and the connecting hole 31 are fixed together by welding. On the one hand, this welding position is located inside the compact heat exchanger, ensuring the integrity of the compact heat exchanger and improving its aesthetics. On the other hand, it saves space on the outer wall of the connecting plate 3 facing away from the working fluid channel plate for the connecting pipe and the connecting hole 31. Therefore, more space can be provided on the outside of the compact heat exchanger to design and install more components. When the components meet the requirements, the overall structure can be further reduced, achieving a compact design, which is beneficial for the heat exchanger to form a miniaturized assembly with other structures. Furthermore, since the depth of the second recess 15 is less than the depth of the first recess 14, the thickness of the connecting plate 3 is smaller, that is, the mass of the connecting plate 3 is also relatively small, which has little impact on the overall mass of the compact heat exchanger and is conducive to the lightweight design of the heat exchanger.

[0071] Of course, in other embodiments, the connecting pipe may also protrude from the inner wall of the connecting plate 3 facing the working fluid channel plate, that is, the portion of the connecting pipe protruding from the wall of the connecting plate 3 facing the working fluid channel plate is located within the fluid distribution cavity 28. Therefore, the connecting pipe and the inner wall of the connecting plate 3 can also be welded, thereby improving the fixing effect of the connecting plate 3 and the connecting pipe. Furthermore, since the depth of the first recess 14 is relatively large, the space of the fluid distribution cavity 28 is also relatively large, which can also ensure smooth water flow.

[0072] In this embodiment, since the first fluid inlet and the first fluid outlet of the first working fluid channel plate 1 are respectively located on the left and right sides, the water flows in one direction throughout the first working fluid channel without changing direction or turning. Therefore, the water can flow stably in the first working fluid channel, thereby ensuring the stability of the overall heat exchange.

[0073] In this embodiment, the two working fluid channel sheets that form the working fluid channel have a first end 16 and a second end 24 that form the inlet of the working fluid channel, respectively, and at least a portion of the first end 16 and at least a portion of the second end 24 are offset along the extension direction of the working fluid channel.

[0074] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, specifically, the first end 16 is the end of the first microstructure piece 12, and the second end 24 can be the end of the gasket 21 and / or the second microstructure piece 22 of the second microstructure piece. In this embodiment, the first microstructure piece 12 protrudes beyond the gasket 21 and the second microstructure piece 22 of the second microstructure piece along the direction of the first working fluid channel, and there is a gasket 21 and a second microstructure piece 22 between adjacent first microstructure pieces 12. Therefore, when observing the five-layer structure of the first microstructure piece 12, the gasket 21, the second microstructure piece 22, the gasket 11, and the first microstructure piece 12 as a group, the size of the inlet of the first working fluid channel is the height between adjacent first microstructure pieces 12, while the height of the first working fluid channel is the height between the second microstructure piece 22 and the first microstructure piece 12. Obviously, the former is taller than the latter, which is beneficial for water to enter the first working fluid channel, improves the stability of the heat exchanger, and thus improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0075] like Figure 9 and 10 As shown, to ensure a more continuous and stable flow of water into the first working fluid channel, the second microstructure piece 22 protrudes beyond the gasket 21 of the second microstructure piece along the extension direction of the first working fluid channel. The second microstructure piece 22 also has a positioning portion 26 protruding away from the first microstructure piece 12, which is integrally formed by stamping the second microstructure piece 22. Therefore, after stacking, the first microstructure piece 12 and the second microstructure piece 22 form a stepped structure, and the first working fluid channel gradually narrows from the inlet inwards, thus ensuring smooth water flow.

[0076] like Figure 12 As shown, the present invention also provides a second embodiment with misaligned end faces of the working fluid channel sheet. Specifically, the pad 21 of the second microstructure sheet can also protrude from the second microstructure sheet 22 along the direction of the first working fluid channel, and the second microstructure sheet 22 does not need to be provided with the positioning part 26, thus forming the above-mentioned stepped structure.

[0077] like Figure 13As shown, the present invention also provides a third embodiment with misaligned end faces of the working fluid channel sheet, wherein the ends of the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet and the second microstructure sheet 22 may also be flush in the vertical direction. Alternatively, the second microstructure sheet 22 may protrude beyond the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet along the first working fluid channel direction, but may not have the positioning portion 26.

[0078] like Figure 14 As shown, in addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a fourth embodiment with misaligned end faces of the working fluid channel sheet. Specifically, the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet can also protrude from the first microstructure sheet 12 along the direction of the first working fluid channel. This includes two cases: the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet protrudes from the second microstructure sheet 22, and the second microstructure sheet 22 protrudes from the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet. When observing a five-layer structure consisting of the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet, the second microstructure sheet 22, the gasket 11 of the first microstructure sheet, the first microstructure sheet 12, and the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet, in the first case, there is a second microstructure sheet 22, a gasket 11 of the first microstructure sheet, and a first microstructure sheet 12 between adjacent gaskets 21 of the second microstructure sheet. Therefore, after stacking, the inlet of the first working fluid channel is funnel-shaped, which can ensure smooth water flow.

[0079] like Figure 15 As shown, in the second case, the present invention also provides a fifth embodiment of misalignment of the working fluid channel sheet end face. Specifically, when the second microstructure sheet 22, the pad 11 of the first microstructure sheet, the first microstructure sheet 12, and the pad 21 of the second microstructure sheet are observed as a group, the stacked structure is similar to the structure described above where the first microstructure sheet 12 protrudes from the pad 21 of the second microstructure sheet and the second microstructure sheet 22 along the first working fluid channel direction.

[0080] like Figure 11 As shown, to further reduce flow resistance, the first end 16 and the second end 24 also have guide portions 17. The guide portions 17 have guide ramps 18 on their upper and / or lower sides, and the guide ramps 18 are either planar or arc-shaped. That is, the first microstructure sheet 12, the gasket of the refrigerant microstructure sheet, and the second microstructure sheet 12 also have guide portions 17 disposed at their ends. When the guide ramps 18 are arc-shaped, they include both concave and convex arc surfaces. Therefore, combining the staggered stacked sheets and the guide portions 17 can greatly reduce flow resistance. Of course, the staggered stacked sheets and the guide portions 17 can also be chosen as one or the other depending on the actual situation.

[0081] In this embodiment, the misalignment distance between each pair of the first microstructure sheet 12, the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet, and the second microstructure sheet 22 is within the range of 0.2 to 0.7 mm, preferably 0.5 mm. Therefore, the small misalignment distance not only ensures that the compact heat exchanger has a small volume, but also reduces the flow resistance and facilitates the entry of water into the first fluid layer channel.

[0082] In this embodiment, the first microstructure sheet 12, the second microstructure sheet 22, the gasket 11 of the first microstructure sheet, and the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet also have through holes 25 extending vertically. The through holes 25 of the first microstructure sheet 12, the second microstructure sheet 22, the gasket 11 of the first microstructure sheet, and the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet are located on the front and rear sides, and are diagonally arranged. Alternatively, the first fluid inlet and the first fluid outlet are located on the left and right sides, respectively, while the through holes 25 are located on the front and rear sides. The front through hole 25 is located on the left, and the rear through hole 25 is located on the right, or vice versa. Each gasket 11 of the first microstructure sheet has only one through hole 25, and when the first working fluid channel sheet 1 and the second working fluid channel sheet 2 are stacked, the through hole 25 forms a channel for the refrigerant to enter and exit. Of course, when the first fluid inlet and the first fluid outlet are located on the front and rear sides, the through hole 25 is located on the left and right sides.

[0083] The compact heat exchanger is connected to the second fluid pipe 5 on both its upper and lower sides. The second fluid pipe 5 includes a second fluid inlet pipe and a second fluid outlet pipe. In this embodiment, the second fluid pipe 5 is the refrigerant pipe. Therefore, the inlet of the refrigerant pipe and the refrigerant channel are arranged in a cross configuration. That is, the refrigerant flows into the refrigerant channel first in a vertical direction, then flows horizontally along the refrigerant channel, and finally flows out of the compact heat exchanger in a vertical direction. In this embodiment, the second fluid pipe 5 is perpendicular to the second working fluid channel 23. Therefore, when the refrigerant enters the second working fluid channel, it undergoes a bend, thereby increasing the refrigerant turbulence and ensuring thorough mixing of the gas and liquid phases of the refrigerant. This prevents the refrigerant from separating into gas and liquid phases within the second fluid layer channel, ensuring uniform refrigerant temperature and improving heat exchange stability.

[0084] Furthermore, because the connecting pipes are located on opposite sides in the horizontal direction, and the refrigerant pipes are located on the top and bottom sides, the space around the compact heat exchanger is fully utilized, avoiding excessive local piping density and facilitating pipe design, installation, and maintenance. Moreover, the positions of the first fluid inlet and outlet are opposite to those of the second fluid inlet and outlet. For example, in this embodiment, assuming the first fluid inlet is on the left and the first fluid outlet is on the right, then the second fluid inlet is on the right and the second fluid outlet is on the left. The water flows from left to right, while the refrigerant flows from right to left, thus creating a counter-flow design that maximizes heat exchange efficiency. In other embodiments, the first fluid inlet and outlet are located on the front and rear sides, respectively, while the refrigerant inlet and outlet are located on the rear and front sides. Alternatively, the first and second fluid inlets and outlets, and the first and second fluid outlets, are located on the same side.

[0085] In this embodiment, the two through holes 25 located diagonally opposite each other have different outer diameters. When the compact heat exchanger is used as a condenser, the larger through hole 25 serves as the second fluid inlet; when the compact heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, the smaller through hole 25 serves as the second fluid inlet. Taking the condenser as an example: for the condenser, the inlet carries gaseous high-pressure, high-temperature refrigerant, and the outlet carries liquid high-pressure refrigerant. The density difference between the gaseous and liquid refrigerants is significant. To ensure a certain refrigerant flow rate and control the refrigerant velocity within a certain range, it is necessary to select a thicker pipe when designing the high-pressure gas pipe, and at the same time, select a thinner liquid pipe, which is the outlet pipe of the condenser.

[0086] In the through-hole 25 on the same side, the inner diameter of the through-hole 25 of the first microstructure piece 12 is the same as the inner diameter of the through-hole 25 of the second microstructure piece 22.

[0087] In this embodiment, the gaskets 11 and 12 of the first microstructure sheet, the gasket 21 and 22 of the second microstructure sheet have the same thickness, and are no greater than 0.1 mm. Therefore, the height of the first working fluid channel and the second working fluid channel is also no greater than 0.1 mm, and preferably 0.1 mm. This not only ensures stable stamping manufacturing but also significantly improves heat exchange performance. The smaller the gap between the first microstructure sheet 12 and the second microstructure sheet 22, the smaller the splitting of water and refrigerant, and the better the heat exchange performance.

[0088] Among them, the gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece and the gasket 21 of the second microstructure piece not only play a role in increasing the structural strength, but more importantly, the gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece and the gasket 21 of the second microstructure piece form a dam for the first working fluid channel piece 1 and the second working fluid channel piece 2, thereby preventing water and refrigerant leakage and ensuring the normal flow of water and refrigerant.

[0089] To ensure that the gaskets 11, 12, 21, and 22 of the first microstructure sheet can be stacked efficiently and orderly, all four are provided with perforations. The compact heat exchanger also has substrates 6 located at the upper and lower ends, and positioning posts disposed on the bottom substrate 6. In this embodiment, the perforations are located at the four corners. During assembly, the four components are sequentially inserted into the bottom substrate 6. After stacking, the upper substrate 6 is inserted into the positioning posts, and finally, atomic diffusion bonding is performed to complete the fabrication of the compact heat exchanger. The substrate 6 has a sealing part 61 that mates with the wall surface of the connecting plate 3 near the working fluid channel sheet to seal the connection plate 3 and the working fluid channel sheet, thereby reducing the risk of fluid leakage between the connecting plate 3 and the substrate 6.

[0090] However, for ease of insertion, the outer diameter of the positioning post must be smaller than the inner diameter of the perforation. Therefore, misalignment of the above four components is likely to occur. To ensure precise alignment of the gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece with the first microstructure piece 12, and the gasket 21 of the second microstructure piece with the second microstructure piece 22, the first microstructure piece 12 and the second microstructure piece 22 are further provided with the aforementioned protruding positioning portion 26. The gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece and the gasket 21 of the second microstructure piece each have a limiting portion 27 that cooperates with the positioning portion 26.

[0091] By setting the positioning part 26 and the limiting part 27, accurate positioning is ensured. At the same time, the accurate positioning avoids the outward displacement of the gasket of the microstructure sheet, which fully ensures the welding area between the gasket and the microstructure sheet during atomic diffusion bonding, thus improving the welding effect. It also avoids the inward displacement of the gasket of the microstructure sheet, thus preventing the width of the first working fluid channel and the refrigerant channel from shrinking and ensuring heat exchange performance.

[0092] In this embodiment, the positioning portion 26 on the first microstructure piece 12 is disposed around the through hole 25 and is formed by stamping and protruding around the inner wall of the through hole 25. The limiting portion 27 of the pad 11 of the first microstructure piece is a recess that continues to be recessed outward from the through hole 25. The recess is connected to the through hole 25. Therefore, the inner diameter of the through hole 25 and the recess of the pad 11 of the first microstructure piece is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 25 of the first microstructure piece 12, thereby realizing that the recess of the pad 11 of the first microstructure piece is sleeved on the outside of the positioning portion 26 for positioning.

[0093] Since the through hole 25 is circular, and the positioning part 26 of the first microstructure piece 12 is formed by stamping around the inner wall of the through hole 25, the through hole 25 and the positioning part 26 are not circular as a whole, and the through hole 25 and the notch are also not circular as a whole. When the gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece is installed on the first microstructure piece 12, a stop structure is formed at the connection between the notch and the through hole 25, thereby preventing the gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece from rotating, and thus achieving precise positioning of the gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece and the first microstructure piece 12.

[0094] By utilizing the through hole 25 to set the positioning part 26 and the limiting part 27, on the one hand, the structure of the through hole 25 itself is fully utilized, the mold design is modified less, it is easy to stamp and form, and the manufacturing is simple. On the other hand, the heat exchange zone 9 of the first microstructure piece 12 is maximized, thereby improving the heat exchange performance.

[0095] The positioning portions 26 on the second microstructure sheet 22 protrude from its opposite sides and are integrally formed by stamping. In this embodiment, the positioning portions 26 are located at the edge of the second microstructure sheet 22 and are formed by stamping around the inner wall of the first recess 14. The limiting portions 27 of the pad 21 of the second microstructure sheet are its opposite sides. That is, the pad 21 of the second microstructure sheet is held between the positioning portions 26 on both sides. This not only ensures the accurate positioning of the pad 21 of the second microstructure sheet, but also only requires the dimensions of the pad 21 on both sides to be designed to be slightly smaller, without the need for structural design, which greatly reduces production costs. Of course, in other embodiments, the above two positioning portion 26 structures can also be interchanged, and positioning can also be achieved by setting grooves and protrusions.

[0096] The compact heat exchanger also has a sequence identification structure 7 that ensures the orderly stacking of the gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece, the first microstructure piece 12, the gasket 21 of the second microstructure piece, and the second microstructure piece 22. In this embodiment, the sequence identification structure 7 is a notch provided on the second microstructure piece 12 and the gasket 21 of the second microstructure piece. The notch is formed by recesses on both sides of the second microstructure piece 12 and the gasket 21 of the second microstructure piece. The gaskets of the first microstructure piece 12 and the gasket 11 of the first microstructure piece are not provided with the notch. Thus, when stacked, the refrigerant working fluid channel piece has a notch, while the first working fluid channel piece 1 does not have a notch, which facilitates the identification of whether there is a stacking error.

[0097] The first microstructure sheet 12 has a transition zone 8 (corresponding to the inlet or outlet zone) and a heat exchange zone 9 along the working fluid channel direction from the first fluid inlet to the first fluid outlet. In this embodiment, the first microstructure sheet 12 has two transition zones 8 respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the heat exchange zone 9. The first microstructure sheet 12 has a plurality of first protrusions 81 forming the transition zone 8 and a plurality of second protrusions 91 forming the heat exchange zone 9. The arrangement density of the first protrusions 81 is less than the arrangement density of the second protrusions 91, thereby facilitating water flow in and out of the transition zone 8 and allowing sufficient water disturbance in the heat exchange zone 9. This not only increases the heat exchange area but also improves the heat exchange time, thereby enhancing the heat exchange performance. In this embodiment, to further enhance the heat exchange performance, the transition zone 8 is also provided with a plurality of second protrusions 91.

[0098] Similarly, the second microstructure sheet 22 also has a transition zone 8 and a heat exchange zone 9 for refrigerant flow along the direction from the second fluid inlet to the outlet. However, since the second fluid inlet and outlet of the second microstructure sheet 12 are diagonally arranged, the transition zone 8 is also diagonally arranged. Likewise, the second microstructure sheet 22 also has a plurality of first protrusions 81 forming the transition zone 8 and a plurality of second protrusions 91 forming the heat exchange zone 9.

[0099] In this embodiment, the first protrusion 81 and the second protrusion 91 are both unidirectional protrusions formed by stamping. The protrusion height of the first protrusion 81 and the second protrusion 91 is no greater than 0.1 mm, preferably 0.1 mm. That is, the protrusion height of the first protrusion 81 and the second protrusion 91 is consistent with the thickness of the gasket 11 of the first microstructure sheet, the first microstructure sheet 12, the gasket 21 of the second microstructure sheet, and the second microstructure sheet 22. In other words, the height of the working fluid channel is the protrusion height. Furthermore, the gasket of the microstructure sheet has the same height as the protrusion, which facilitates stable connection and fixation between adjacent layers during atomic diffusion bonding.

[0100] Furthermore, the first protrusion 81 and the second protrusion 91 of the first microstructure sheet 12 and the second microstructure sheet 22 are arranged in the same direction. It should be noted that since the first protrusion 81 and the second protrusion 91 are produced by stamping, compared with the protrusions formed by traditional etching, the first protrusion 81 and the second protrusion 91 of this application have a hollow structure inside, while traditional etching has a solid structure. Therefore, the compact heat exchanger of this application requires less production material, has a lower cost, and is lighter in weight, making it easier to install and disassemble, and applicable to a wider range of scenarios.

[0101] In this embodiment, the first protrusion 81 is in the shape of a convex lens cross-section or a capsule. The first protrusion 81 has drainage portions on both sides, which are positioned towards the inlet and outlet of the first working fluid channel. This facilitates reduced flow resistance, allowing water to flow more easily into or out of the heat exchange zone 9, ensuring smooth water inflow and outflow. Of course, the first protrusion 81 can also be in the shape of a teardrop, ellipse, or other shapes. The second protrusion 91 is circular.

[0102] Therefore, the second protrusion 91 can also effectively reduce flow resistance. Multiple first protrusions 81 and multiple second protrusions 91 are arranged in multiple rows in the left-right direction, and adjacent rows of first protrusions 81 are staggered. Similarly, adjacent rows of second protrusions 91 are also staggered. Therefore, the first protrusions 81 and second protrusions 91 in the next row can further disperse the water or refrigerant flowing through the previous row, thereby strengthening the turbulence of water and refrigerant in the flow channel, increasing the heat exchange area, and improving heat exchange performance.

[0103] Furthermore, the first protrusions 81 of the first microstructure sheet 12 are arranged radially, i.e., in a trumpet shape. Taking the first protrusion 81 on the left as an example: the first protrusion 81 in the rear half is gradually inclined backward from left to right, and the first protrusion 81 in the front half is gradually inclined forward from left to right. Therefore, the overall arrangement is trumpet-shaped, which allows water to be directed to both ends during water intake, avoiding concentration in the middle, making full use of the space within the first working fluid channel, resulting in more uniform heat exchange and thus improving heat exchange performance. Similarly, the first protrusions 81 of the second microstructure sheet 22 are also arranged radially.

[0104] In this embodiment, both the first protrusion 81 and the second protrusion 91 are unidirectional protrusions and extend in the same direction. At the same time, the second protrusions 91 of the first microstructure sheet 12 and the second protrusion 91 of the second microstructure sheet 12 are eccentrically arranged, that is, the centers of the second protrusions 91 of the first microstructure sheet 12 and the second protrusion 91 of the second microstructure sheet 12 are at different positions in the vertical direction, but they have a common part that intersects in the vertical direction. Therefore, a part of the second protrusion 91 of the lower second microstructure sheet 22 abuts against the bottom surface of the upper first microstructure sheet 12, and the other part faces the cavity of the second protrusion 91 of the first microstructure sheet 12. This allows the second protrusions 91 between adjacent first microstructure sheets 12 and second microstructure sheets 22 to provide common support during atomic diffusion bonding, which greatly reduces the risk of extrusion deformation between the first microstructure sheet 12 and the second microstructure sheet 22.

[0105] In this embodiment, within the heat exchange zone 9, the distance between adjacent second protrusions 91 in each row along the left-right direction ranges from 0.5mm to 1.5mm, preferably 1mm. Similarly, the distance between adjacent second protrusions 91 in each column along the front-back direction also ranges from 0.5mm to 1.5mm, preferably 1mm. Furthermore, the diameter of the second protrusion 91 is no greater than 0.5mm, preferably 0.5mm. Additionally, adjacent rows or columns of second protrusions 91 are staggered by 1mm.

[0106] Therefore, by rationally arranging the second protrusions 91, a sufficient number of second protrusions 91 can be ensured. This not only effectively reduces the risk of damaging the microstructure sheet during stamping but also ensures sufficient turbulence of water or coolant within the flow channel, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. Simultaneously, a greater number of second protrusions 91 can be set within the limited heat exchange zone 9, which also facilitates stamping and forming, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and improving heat exchange performance.

[0107] The following will describe in detail the preparation method of the compact heat exchanger.

[0108] A method for preparing a heat exchanger includes the following steps: forming a microstructure plate, the microstructure plate including a heat exchange zone with a microstructure, an edge zone having an inlet zone and an outlet zone; forming a gasket for the microstructure plate, the gasket of the microstructure plate having an inlet and an outlet corresponding to the inlet zone and the outlet zone respectively; and alternately stacking and combining the gasket of the microstructure plate and the edge zone to form a heat exchanger.

[0109] In this method, the microstructure sheet and the spacer of the microstructure sheet are formed separately in two parts, which expands the available forming processes. For example, the microstructure sheet and the spacer of the microstructure sheet can be formed by stamping. Compared with the traditional etching process, it is suitable for mass production, and has a significant effect on mass production in terms of production cost, high production efficiency and low environmental pollution.

[0110] Specifically, the gaskets for the heat exchanger and the microstructure plates are formed through a stamping process, which is specifically formed by a single-stage stamping process.

[0111] The spacers and microstructure sheets of the microstructure sheet are stacked alternately, and then they are bonded together into a whole by atomic diffusion.

[0112] After the protrusion is formed by stamping, a cavity corresponding to the protrusion is formed on the other side of the microstructure sheet, that is, the protrusion is a hollow structure. When the spacers and microstructure sheets of the microstructure sheet are stacked alternately, the protrusions on two adjacent microstructure sheets are set off-center, that is, the central axis of the protrusion of one microstructure sheet does not coincide with the protrusion of the adjacent microstructure sheet, that is, at least a part of the protrusion of one microstructure sheet corresponds to the part of the adjacent microstructure sheet where no protrusion is set, and the two achieve atomic diffusion bonding.

[0113] Preferably, the eccentric distance between the protrusions on two adjacent microstructure sheets is between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the protrusion diameter, more preferably 1 / 2 or more, to ensure an effective bond between the two adjacent sheets.

[0114] When stacking microstructure sheets and spacers of microstructure sheets, orderly stacking is achieved by identifying the structure in the above sequence, and alignment of each sheet along the first direction is achieved by the positioning part, perforation and positioning post mentioned above; then atomic diffusion bonding is performed.

[0115] The atomic diffusion bonding process includes the following steps: cleaning; stacking; pressurizing with tooling fixtures; atomic diffusion bonding using a vacuum furnace at a vacuum pressure of 4 × 10⁻⁶. -3 Pa, applied pressure surface pressure 5MPa, temperature around 1100℃.

[0116] For another method of heat exchanger fabrication, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, an auxiliary limiting plate M is formed by bending a sheet material. The auxiliary limiting plate M includes a plurality of parallel limiting pieces M1 and connecting pieces M2 connecting adjacent limiting pieces M1. Preferably, the limiting pieces M1 and the connecting pieces M2 are arranged in a serpentine pattern.

[0117] The distance between two adjacent limiting plates M1 is set to accommodate a certain number of microstructure pieces and their spacers. During stacking, a number of microstructure pieces and their spacers are alternately inserted between adjacent limiting plates M1. The limiting plates M1 confine the microstructure pieces and their spacers within a fixed space, preventing deformation or displacement of the microstructure pieces and their spacers due to thermal expansion during atomic diffusion bonding.

[0118] Preferably, the limiting plate M1 has the same structure as the microstructure plate and is used as a microstructure plate in the heat exchanger. Furthermore, when the microstructure plate includes a first microstructure plate and a second microstructure plate with different microstructures, the limiting plate M1 can be either the first microstructure plate or the second microstructure plate. The manufacturing process is as follows: first, the microstructure is stamped on a sheet material to form a microstructure, and then bent to form the auxiliary limiting plate M.

[0119] Preferably, the thickness of the limiting piece M1 is the same as that of the spacer of the microstructure piece, and the distance between two adjacent limiting pieces M1 is an odd multiple of the thickness of the limiting piece M1. In one embodiment, the limiting piece M1 may or may not have a microstructure, but it is used as one of the microstructure pieces, and n spacers and n to 1 microstructure pieces are inserted alternately in the manner of spacers of microstructure pieces, microstructure pieces, spacers of microstructure pieces, microstructure pieces... spacers of microstructure pieces. In another embodiment, the limiting piece M1 only serves a limiting function, and m microstructure pieces and m to 1 spacers of microstructure pieces are inserted alternately in the manner of microstructure pieces, spacers of microstructure pieces, microstructure pieces, spacers of microstructure pieces... microstructure pieces.

[0120] Additionally, the limiting plates M1 are no more than 6 pieces, and the number of bending cycles is within the tolerance range of the sheet material. In one specific embodiment, there are 6 pieces, in which case the connecting plates M2 are 5 pieces, dividing the entire heat exchanger into 5 units for connection.

[0121] The formation process of the microstructure sheet and the spacer of the microstructure sheet, the arrangement of the microstructure sheet and the spacer between two adjacent limiting sheets M1, and the atomic diffusion bonding process are all described above and will not be repeated here.

[0122] Another method for preparing the heat exchanger includes: forming an auxiliary limiting plate M, which is the same as in the above embodiment, including a plurality of limiting pieces M1 arranged in parallel and a connecting piece M2 connecting adjacent limiting pieces M1; alternately stacking a plurality of first working fluid channel pieces and a plurality of second working fluid channel pieces between two adjacent limiting pieces M1; and combining the auxiliary limiting plate M, the first working fluid channel pieces and the second working fluid channel pieces to form a heat exchanger.

[0123] The first working fluid channel plate and the second working fluid channel plate have different microstructures.

[0124] Furthermore, the limiting piece M1 has the same structure as the first working fluid channel piece, or the limiting piece M1 has the same structure as the second working fluid channel piece.

[0125] Of course, the above method is also applicable to working fluid channel sheets formed by combining the above-mentioned microstructure sheets and the gaskets of the microstructure sheets.

[0126] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0127] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger, characterized by, include: A plurality of microstructure sheets, the microstructure sheets including a plurality of first microstructure sheets and a plurality of second microstructure sheets, the first microstructure sheets and the second microstructure sheets each including a heat exchange zone with microstructures, an edge zone with an inlet zone and an outlet zone, the microstructures including a plurality of hollow protrusions; The microstructure sheet includes a plurality of first microstructure sheet gaskets and a plurality of second microstructure sheet gaskets. The first microstructure sheet gaskets have inlet and outlet corresponding to the inlet and outlet areas of the first microstructure sheet, respectively. The second microstructure sheet gaskets have inlet and outlet corresponding to the inlet and outlet areas of the second microstructure sheet, respectively. The thickness of the first microstructure sheet gaskets and the thickness of the second microstructure sheet gaskets are consistent with the height of the protrusion and are not greater than 0.1 mm. In this arrangement, a plurality of microstructure sheets and a plurality of spacers for the microstructure sheets are stacked alternately in repeating units such as spacers for the first microstructure sheet, the first microstructure sheet, the spacers for the second microstructure sheet, and the second microstructure sheet; two adjacent microstructure sheets are respectively the first microstructure sheet and the second microstructure sheet, the protrusions of the first microstructure sheet and the second microstructure sheet protrude in the same direction, and the protrusions on adjacent first microstructure sheets and second microstructure sheets are eccentrically arranged, the eccentricity distance being between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the protrusion diameter, and at least a portion of the protrusion of one microstructure sheet corresponds to the portion of the adjacent microstructure sheet where no protrusion is provided.

2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second microstructure sheets include microchannels located between adjacent protrusions, and the ratio of the width of the microchannel to the thickness of the microstructure sheet is no greater than 3.

3. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the protrusion is no greater than 0.7 mm.

4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center-to-center distance between two adjacent protrusions is between 0.5mm and 2.5mm.

5. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjacent rows of protrusions on each of the microstructure pieces are staggered.

6. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first microstructure sheet includes a heat exchange zone along the working fluid channel direction from the first fluid inlet to the first fluid outlet, and two transition zones disposed on both sides of the heat exchange zone. The protrusion includes a plurality of first protrusions formed in the transition zone and a plurality of second protrusions formed in the heat exchange zone. The second microstructure sheet has a heat exchange zone along the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the second fluid and two transition zones disposed on both sides of the heat exchange zone. The protrusion includes a plurality of first protrusions formed in the transition zone and a plurality of second protrusions formed in the heat exchange zone. The first protrusion and the second protrusion of the first microstructure sheet and the second microstructure sheet are both formed by stamping and are arranged in the same direction; the second protrusion of the first microstructure sheet and the second protrusion of the second microstructure sheet are eccentrically arranged.

7. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The eccentric distance between the protrusions on adjacent first and second microstructure pieces is between 1 / 2 and 2 / 3 of the protrusion diameter.

8. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the spacer in the microstructure sheet is between 2.5 mm and 5 mm.

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