High-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a high-voltage emergency stop switch for a new energy vehicle. The high-voltage emergency stop switch comprises a first switch contact, a fixed plug, a movable contact and a locking bolt. The first switch contact and the fixed plug are connected with a high-voltage device and a battery system respectively. The movable contact is fixedly connected with the locking bolt, and the bottom end of the movable contact is in contact with the fixed plug. The movable contact is driven to move by the locking bolt, so that one side end of the movable contact is in contact with or separated from the first switch contact. The side surface of the movable contact, which is away from the first switch contact, is a first inclined surface. A first supporting part is arranged on the side surface of the fixed plug, which corresponds to the first inclined surface. The vertical distance between the supporting part and the first inclined surface is less than or equal to 1.5 mm. The supporting part arranged on the high-voltage emergency stop switch limits the displacement of the movable contact caused by external force, avoids the triggering of the emergency stop switch instantaneous breakage when the emergency stop switch is slightly touched or accidentally bumped, and solves the problem that a large impact current is generated when the high-voltage emergency stop switch is accidentally bumped or unlocked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-voltage safety technology for new energy vehicles, and specifically relates to a high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage safety is crucial in new energy vehicles. When high-voltage insulation fails, the high-voltage emergency stop switch is the only way to quickly cut off the high-voltage output of the battery system, ensuring vehicle safety and preventing electric shock to personnel. Currently, the high-voltage emergency stop switches used in new energy vehicles ensure high-voltage safety. However, during vehicle use, contactor sticking faults can occur, leading to insufficient vehicle power. Existing high-voltage emergency stop switches, such as... Figure 1 As shown, when the locking bolt 4 is locked, the moving contact 3 is in contact with the switch contact 1, and the high-voltage emergency stop switch is in the closed state. Problem analysis revealed that when the high-voltage emergency stop switch is accidentally touched or quickly unlocked, because the fixed insert is the only fulcrum of the moving contact and there are no other fixed support points, the travel of the locking bolt is unlimited. When the emergency stop switch button is touched, the locking bolt will travel, causing the moving contact to move upward and then rebound. Under the lever principle, this causes the switch contact and the moving contact to momentarily disconnect and then reconnect, resulting in a high probability of triggering the high-voltage emergency stop switch to disconnect first and then momentarily reconnect. This action will generate a large inrush current, thus causing the contactor to stick together. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology and provide a high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles, solving the problem of sticking failure that may occur when the switch is accidentally touched.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles, comprising a first switch contact, a fixed insert, a moving contact, and a locking bolt. The first switch contact and the fixed insert are respectively connected to high-voltage equipment and a battery system. The moving contact is fixedly connected to the locking bolt, and the bottom end of the moving contact contacts the fixed insert. By moving the locking bolt, the moving contact is moved to make one side of the moving contact contact or separate from the first switch contact. The side of the moving contact away from the first switch contact is a first inclined surface. A first support portion is provided on the side of the fixed insert corresponding to the first inclined surface. The vertical distance between the first support portion and the first inclined surface is less than or equal to 1.5 mm.

[0005] Furthermore, the first inclined surface is a plane.

[0006] Furthermore, the first inclined surface is a curved surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the vertical distance between the top of the first support portion and the first inclined surface is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the distance between the top of the first support portion and the first inclined surface is 0.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a second switch contact for connecting electrical equipment, wherein when one end of the moving contact is in contact with the first switch contact, the other end of the moving contact is separated from the second switch contact; when one end of the moving contact is separated from the first switch contact, the other end of the moving contact is in contact with the second switch contact.

[0010] Furthermore, the side of the movable contact near the first switch contact is a second inclined surface, and a second support portion is provided on the side of the fixed insert corresponding to the second inclined surface. The vertical distance between the second support portion and the second inclined surface is less than or equal to 3mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the contact point between the movable contact piece and the fixed insert piece is located at the exact midpoint between the first support portion and the second support portion.

[0012] Furthermore, the second inclined surface is a plane.

[0013] Furthermore, the second inclined surface is a curved surface.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] This invention provides a support portion at one end of the existing "I"-shaped fixed insert. The distance between the support portion and the movable contact is small, and the end point of the support portion provides support for the movable contact, thus limiting the stroke of the movable contact. When the movable contact is accidentally touched and causes a slight movement, the movable contact will not disconnect from the first switch contact due to the limitation of the support portion, thereby preventing momentary disconnection and avoiding adhesion failure. Only when the locking bolt is released and the travel of the switch exceeds a certain range will the movable contact have a larger movement under the lever principle, disconnecting from the first switch contact.

[0016] The support portion on the high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles in this invention restricts the displacement of the moving contact due to external forces, preventing the emergency stop switch from being triggered by a light touch or accidental contact. This solves the problem of generating a large inrush current when the high-voltage emergency stop switch is accidentally touched or unlocked. The structure is simple, and in the event of accidental contact, it will not cause an inrush current of approximately 1600A in a single branch of the battery system or approximately 3200A in a dual branch, thereby avoiding contactor sticking faults. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing high-voltage emergency stop switch.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural principle of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure, 1-first switch contact; 1.1; 2-fixed insert; 2.1-first support part; 2.2-second support part; 2.3-horizontal part; 3-moving contact piece; 3.1-first inclined surface; 3.2-second inclined surface; 4-locking bolt; 5-second switch contact; 6-contact point. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles, including a first switch contact 1, a fixed insert 2, a moving contact 3, and a locking bolt 4. The first switch contact 1 and the fixed insert 2 are respectively connected to high-voltage equipment and a battery system (the high-voltage equipment, battery system, and other components are not shown in the figure). The moving contact 3 is fixedly connected to the locking bolt 4, and the bottom end of the moving contact 3 contacts the fixed insert 2. By moving the locking bolt 4, the moving contact 3 is moved so that one end of the moving contact 3 contacts or separates from the first switch contact 1. The side of the moving contact 3 away from the first switch contact 1 is a first inclined surface 3.1. A first support portion 2.1 is provided on the side of the fixed insert 2 corresponding to the first inclined surface 3.1. The vertical distance L1 between the top of the first support portion 2.1 and the first inclined surface 3.1 is less than or equal to 1.5 mm.

[0023] This invention provides a first support portion 2.1 at one end of the existing "I"-shaped fixed insert. The distance between the first support portion 2.1 and the movable contact 3 is small, and the end point of the first support portion provides support for the movable contact 3, thus limiting the stroke of the movable contact. When the movable contact is accidentally touched and causes a slight movement, the movable contact 3 will not disconnect from the first switch contact 1 due to the limitation of the support portion, thereby preventing a momentary disconnection and avoiding adhesion failure. Only when the locking bolt is released and the travel of the switch exceeds a certain range will the movable contact have a larger movement under the lever principle, disconnecting from the first switch contact.

[0024] In the above scheme, when the movable contact piece 3 moves under the action of the locking bolt 4, its trajectory is a small arc trajectory around the contact point with the fixed insert. In order to facilitate better contact between the first support part 2.1 and the first inclined surface 3.1, the first inclined surface 3.1 is preferably an arc-shaped curved surface structure.

[0025] In the above scheme, the vertical distance L1 between the top of the first support 2.1 and the first inclined surface 3.1 is less than or equal to 1 mm. Preferably, the distance L1 between the top of the first support 2.1 and the first inclined surface 3.1 is 0. That is, the smaller the distance between the first support 2.1 and the first inclined surface 3.1, the smaller the restricted stroke range, and the better the instantaneous breakage phenomenon is prevented in case of accidental collision.

[0026] The above scheme also includes a second switch contact 5 for connecting electrical equipment. When one end of the moving contact 3 contacts the first switch contact 1, the other end of the moving contact 3 separates from the second switch contact 5; when one end of the moving contact 3 separates from the first switch contact 1, the other end of the moving contact 3 contacts the second switch contact 5. The side of the moving contact 3 closest to the first switch contact 1 is a second inclined surface 3.2, which is a planar or curved surface structure. A second support portion 2.2 is provided on the side of the fixed insert 2 corresponding to the second inclined surface 3.2. The vertical distance L2 between the second support portion 2.2 and the second inclined surface 3.2 is less than or equal to 3 mm. Preferably, the vertical distance L2 between the second support portion 2.2 and the second inclined surface 3.2 is less than or equal to 1.5 mm or 1 mm, or the distance L2 is 0. By providing the second support 2.2, when the moving contact 2 contacts the second switch contact 5, the travel of the other side of the moving contact caused by accidental contact can be limited, thus preventing a momentary disconnection between the moving contact 3 and the second switch contact 5. Both the first support 2.1 and the second support 2.2 are perpendicular to the horizontal part.

[0027] The moving contact 3 is a three-dimensional planar structure, and the fixed insert 2 is along... Figure 2 The width in the vertical direction shown is the same as the width of the movable contact 3. The width of the first support portion 2.1 and the second support portion 2.2 on the fixed insert 2 in the vertical direction is the same as the width of the movable contact 3. That is, the contact point 6 between the movable contact 3 and the horizontal part of the fixed insert 2 is a line contact. When the movable contact 3 moves, the first support portion 2.1 and the first inclined surface 3.1, and the second support portion 2.2 and the second inclined surface 3.2 are also in line contact. When the movable contact 3 contacts the first switch contact 1, the contact part on the movable contact 3 is a planar structure, and this planar structure smoothly transitions with the second inclined surface 3.2. When the movable contact 3 contacts the second switch contact 5, the contact part on the movable contact is also a planar structure, and this planar structure smoothly transitions with the first inclined surface 3.1. That is, both sides of the movable contact 3 are planar, and the middle part forms a concave curved surface structure.

[0028] In the above scheme, the contact point 6 between the movable contact piece 3 and the fixed insert piece 2 is located in the middle of the first support part 2.1 and the second support part 2.2, that is, the contact point 6 divides the horizontal part 2.3 into two equal parts.

[0029] When the locking bolt 4 of this invention is locked, the moving contact 3 contacts the first switch contact 1, and the high-voltage emergency stop switch is in the closed state. In this state, when the emergency stop switch button is accidentally pressed or the switch is quickly unlocked, the travel of the moving contact 3 does not exceed the end edge 1.1 of the first switch contact 1, thus preventing the moving contact 3 from momentarily disconnecting and reconnecting with the first switch contact 1. This solves the problem of a large inrush current generated by the contactor when the high-voltage emergency stop switch is accidentally pressed or quickly unlocked, and avoids contactor sticking failure.

[0030] The testing process for the sensitivity and anti-adhesion of the high-voltage emergency stop switch for the aforementioned new energy vehicles is as follows:

[0031] 1) Connect the No. 5 battery in series with the resistor, and then connect it in series with the first switch contact of the high-voltage emergency stop switch of the new energy vehicle and the fixed super to form a circuit. There is voltage in the circuit. The waveform recorder detects the test contact handle of the switch. The test system is now complete.

[0032] 2) Switch Function Calibration: Perform rapid, continuous opening and closing of the high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles more than 20 times, and check the voltage signal. If the voltage signal is normal when closed and returns to zero when open, the switch function meets the requirements. If the voltage signal does not meet the requirements, the switch function is incomplete or malfunctioning, and the calibration fails. After the switch function calibration test is passed, proceed to the next step of testing.

[0033] 3) Switch sensitivity calibration: Quickly and continuously lightly touch different parts of the high-voltage emergency stop switch of the new energy vehicle more than 20 times, with at least 4 parts each time, and detect the voltage signal. If no transient interruption occurs in the voltage signal, the sensitivity meets the requirements and the calibration is passed; if a transient interruption occurs in the voltage signal, the switch sensitivity is too high and the calibration fails. After the switch sensitivity calibration is passed, proceed to the next step of testing.

[0034] 4) Switch sensitivity and switch function compatibility calibration: Perform function and sensitivity checks on the switches randomly and intermittently according to steps 2) and 3), and the results should meet the requirements of steps 2) and 3).

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] The high-voltage emergency stop switch is installed in the calibration circuit. Calibration tests are performed on the sensitivity and functional compatibility of the high-voltage emergency stop switch. The switch is gently pressed from its lower left, middle, and lower right corners (corresponding to different positions of the moving contact), followed by normal disconnection (i.e., actuating the locking bolt). This process is repeated more than 20 times. Monitoring the voltage signal shows that voltage disconnection is only triggered during normal disconnection; other actions do not trigger transient voltage interruptions. This indicates that the high-voltage emergency stop switch of this invention meets the design requirements and can solve the problem of contactor sticking faults in switches.

[0037] It should be noted that although various components may appear and be described in this specification using terms such as "first," "second," "top," "bottom," "one side," "the other side," "one end," "the other end," etc., these components and parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component and part from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this specification, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may be referred to as a first component; top and bottom components may, under certain circumstances, be interchanged or converted; and components at one end and the other end may have the same or different performance characteristics.

[0038] Furthermore, while there is no explicit description of the components, it is understood that a certain margin of error must be included when constructing them.

[0039] When describing positional relationships, for example, when the positional order is described as "on," "above," "below," and "next," situations where they are not in contact or are in contact may be included, unless words or terms such as "exactly" or "directly" are used. If it is mentioned that the first element is "on" the second element, it does not mean that the first element must be above the second element in the drawing. The upper and lower parts of the components will change depending on the viewing angle and orientation. Therefore, in the drawings or in actual construction, situations where the first element is "on" the second element can include situations where the first element is "below" the second element and situations where the first element is "above" the second element. When describing temporal relationships, situations where the steps are not consecutive may be included when describing "after," "following," "subsequently," and "before," unless "exactly" or "directly" is used. Features of various embodiments of the invention may be combined or spliced ​​together in part or in whole, and may be implemented in various different configurations as will be fully understood by those skilled in the art. Embodiments of the invention may be implemented independently of each other or may be implemented together in an interdependent relationship.

[0040] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Contents not described in detail in this specification belong to prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles, characterized in that: The device includes a first switch contact, a fixed insert, a movable contact, and a locking bolt. The first switch contact and the fixed insert are respectively connected to high-voltage equipment and a battery system. The movable contact is fixedly connected to the locking bolt, and the bottom end of the movable contact contacts the fixed insert. By moving the locking bolt, the movable contact is moved so that one end of the movable contact contacts or separates from the first switch contact. The side of the movable contact away from the first switch contact is a first inclined surface. The fixed insert has a first support portion on the side corresponding to the first inclined surface. The vertical distance between the first support portion and the first inclined surface is less than or equal to 1.5 mm. The end point of the first support portion provides support for the movable contact and can limit the stroke of the movable contact. It also includes a second switch contact for connecting electrical equipment, wherein when one end of the moving contact is in contact with the first switch contact, the other end of the moving contact is separated from the second switch contact; When one end of the moving contact separates from the first switch contact, the other end of the moving contact contacts the second switch contact; The side of the movable contact near the first switch contact is a second inclined surface, and a second support portion is provided on the side of the fixed insert corresponding to the second inclined surface. The vertical distance between the second support portion and the second inclined surface is less than or equal to 3mm.

2. The high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first inclined surface is a plane.

3. The high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first inclined surface is a curved surface.

4. The high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical distance between the top of the first support and the first inclined surface is less than or equal to 1 mm.

5. The high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the top of the first support portion and the first inclined surface is 0.

6. The high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact point between the movable contact piece and the fixed insert piece is located at the exact midpoint between the first support portion and the second support portion.

7. The high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second inclined surface is a plane.

8. The high-voltage emergency stop switch for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second inclined surface is a curved surface.

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