An orientation 3D printing device, a method of orientation 3D printing, and a method of producing a 3D object

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, in particular to an orientation 3D printing device, comprising: a printing platform; a lifting device connected with the printing platform to control the lifting of the printing platform; a feeding device, comprising: a storage container, the inside of which is used to accommodate printing materials, wherein the printing materials comprise: silicone oil and charged polymer particles; and a liquid supplement device, one end of which is in communication with the inside of the storage container, and the other end is correspondingly arranged with the printing platform, so as to selectively deliver the printing materials to the printing platform; an orientation control device, which is correspondingly arranged with the printing platform, to control the orientation distribution of the charged polymer particles in the silicone oil; and a laser device, which is correspondingly arranged with the printing platform, to emit laser to irradiate the printing materials, so as to melt and solidify the printing materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an additive manufacturing technology, and more particularly to a 3D printing apparatus, a 3D printing method, and a method for preparing 3D objects that can control the orientation of 3D printed objects. Background Technology

[0002] Additive manufacturing is a manufacturing technology that solidifies materials layer by layer to create physical products. Compared to traditional cutting techniques, it eliminates the need for complex tools, fixtures, and machining processes. Moreover, additive manufacturing technology has advantages in processing many complex structures, enabling the creation of more precise objects with less material and a shorter processing cycle. Furthermore, with breakthroughs in various polymer materials, biomaterials, and metal powder technologies, the application of 3D printing technology in aerospace, medicine, and other fields is increasing year by year, showing broad application prospects and industrial value.

[0003] In existing 3D printing technology, dry polymer powder is laid flat on a printing surface, then irradiated with a laser to melt and solidify the polymer, and finally the 3D object is printed layer by layer. However, due to the inability to adjust the density of dry polymer powder, and especially when using amorphous polymers, the high viscosity and poor flowability of the molten amorphous polymer after laser irradiation can lead to localized loose structures and excessively high density in the printed object, resulting in unstable mechanical properties and an overall non-dense structure. Specifically, the narrow processing temperature window, numerous uncontrollable factors, and inability to adjust density in traditional 3D printing result in unstable structural properties and density of the printed 3D objects. Therefore, given the shortcomings of prior art, a 3D printing device and method that can effectively control polymer density, increase polymer flowability, and adjust the mechanical properties and orientation of the printed object is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an orientation 3D printing device that can adjust the orientation of the printing material and perform 3D printing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an orientation 3D printing apparatus, comprising: a printing platform; a lifting device connected to the printing platform for controlling the lifting of the printing platform; a feeding device comprising: a storage container for containing a printing material, wherein the printing material comprises: a silicone oil and charged polymer particles; and a replenishing device, one end of which is connected to the interior of the storage container and the other end of which is correspondingly disposed with respect to the printing platform for selectively conveying the printing material to the printing platform; an orientation control device correspondingly disposed with respect to the printing platform for controlling the orientation distribution of the charged polymer particles in the silicone oil; and a laser device correspondingly disposed with respect to the printing platform for emitting a laser to irradiate the printing material, causing the printing material to melt and solidify.

[0006] More preferably, it further includes a rotating device connected to the printing platform to selectively control the rotation of the printing platform.

[0007] More preferably, the orientation control device comprises: an electric field control device disposed corresponding to the printing platform to selectively apply an electric field to the printing material and control the horizontal movement of the charged polymer particles in the silicone oil by means of the electric field; and a magnetic field control device disposed corresponding to the printing platform to selectively apply a magnetic field to the printing material and control the vertical movement of the charged polymer particles in the silicone oil by means of the magnetic field.

[0008] More preferably, it further includes a heating device, which is disposed corresponding to the printing platform, to maintain the temperature of the printing material.

[0009] More preferably, the laser device includes: a laser emitter for emitting the laser; an optical lens disposed corresponding to the laser emitter for focusing the laser; and a galvanometer disposed corresponding to the optical lens for guiding the focused laser to contact the printing material on the printing platform.

[0010] Preferably, the laser is a carbon dioxide laser.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for orientation 3D printing, characterized in that it includes: a first coating step, wherein a first printing material is coated on a printing platform, wherein the first printing material comprises: a first silicone oil and a first charged polymer particle dispersed in the first silicone oil; a first orientation control step, wherein a first electric field and a first magnetic field are applied to the first printing material to move the first charged polymer particle to a relative position in the first silicone oil; and a first laser irradiation step, wherein the first printing material is irradiated with a first laser to melt and solidify the first printing material and form a first printing layer.

[0012] More preferably, it further includes: a second coating step, coating a second printing material onto one side of the first printing layer relative to the printing platform, wherein: the second printing material comprises: a second silicone oil and a second charged polymer particle, dispersed in the second silicone oil; a second orientation control step, applying a second electric field and a second magnetic field to the second printing material to move the second charged polymer particle to a relative position in the second silicone oil; and a second laser irradiation step, irradiating the second printing material with a second laser to melt and solidify the second printing material to form a second printing layer.

[0013] More preferably, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a 3D object, characterized in that it includes: a method for oriented 3D printing; and an extraction step, wherein the second printed layer is placed in an extraction tank for extraction to obtain a 3D object extract.

[0014] More preferably, it further includes a drying step of drying the 3D object extract.

[0015] The advantages of this invention are as follows: Conventional 3D printing technology uses polymer dry powder particles for printing, thus it cannot adjust the density and orientation distribution of the polymer material in space. This invention, however, achieves a specific density of printing material by mixing charged polymer particles with silicone oil. Furthermore, due to the viscous and non-conductive properties of silicone oil, this invention allows for the application of electric and magnetic fields to the printing material to control the orientation of the charged polymer particles. After laser irradiation, 3D printed objects with specific density and orientation are obtained. In addition, conventional 3D printers use the same composition of printing material to continuously print 3D objects, while this invention allows for adjustment of the composition ratio and density of the printing material in each layer as needed. Therefore, it allows for reinforcement of weaker areas of the 3D object structure and adjustment of the printing time required. Furthermore, due to the presence of silicone oil, the printing material offers a wider range of processing conditions, regardless of whether the polymer particles are crystalline or amorphous. Specifically, when the printing material is irradiated with a laser and melted, the viscosity of the amorphous polymers in the printing material decreases, resulting in better fluidity. Consequently, the 3D objects produced exhibit better uniformity and density, avoiding issues such as localized loose structures or excessively high local density. Additionally, conventional 3D printing devices require printing crystalline polymers within a specific temperature window, while the silicone oil used in this invention expands this window, reducing limitations on the processing parameters. Moreover, by applying electric and magnetic fields to the printing material, this invention allows adjustment of the orientation and angle of the molecular chains formed by the charged polymer particles. Therefore, the material properties and structural strength of the 3D object can be adjusted according to the orientation of the polymer molecular chains in each layer. Furthermore, conventional 3D printing devices cannot study the microstructure of polymer materials during the printing process. However, this invention, by collecting the influence of changes in electric and magnetic fields on the orientation of charged polymer particles, can analyze the specific melting mode of the molecular chains formed by the charged polymer particles during the printing process. In addition, the magnetic field changes during the movement of surface charges of charged polymer particles. Therefore, the orientation information of charged polymer particles can be analyzed by the change in the magnetic signal of charged polymer particles, thereby completing the analysis of the microstructure of polymer materials. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figures 1A to 1B A series of three-dimensional structural diagrams are provided to illustrate the structural features of the orientation 3D printing apparatus of the present invention; Figures 2A to 2B A series of three-dimensional diagrams are used to illustrate the changes in the orientation distribution of charged polymer particles under the combined action of electric and magnetic fields. Figure 3This is a block diagram used to illustrate the process flow of orientation 3D printing; Figure 4 This is a block diagram used to illustrate the process flow of 3D object fabrication; Figures 5A to 5B A series of structural diagrams are used to illustrate how printing material is output from the storage container; Figure 6 This is a line graph used to illustrate the results of using a computer to collect electrical signals caused by changes in a magnetic field on charged polymer particles. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above and / or other objects, effects, and features of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below: The purpose of this invention is to provide an orientation 3D printing device, such as... Figures 1A to 1BAs shown, it includes: a printing platform 1; a lifting device 2 connected to the printing platform 1 to control the lifting of the printing platform 1; a feeding device 3 including: a storage container 4 for containing a printing material 5, wherein the printing material 5 includes: a silicone oil 6 and a charged polymer particle 7; and a replenishing device 8, one end of which is connected to the interior of the storage container 4 and the other end of which is correspondingly disposed with respect to the printing platform 1, so as to selectively deliver the printing material 5 to the printing platform 1; an orientation control device 9 correspondingly disposed with respect to the printing platform 1 to control the orientation distribution of the charged polymer particle 7 in the silicone oil 6; and a laser device 10 correspondingly disposed with respect to the printing platform 1 for emitting a laser to irradiate the printing material 5, so that the printing material 5 melts and solidifies. Understandably, to improve the uniformity of the printing material 5 applied by the replenishing device 8, the printing platform 1 gradually descends during the printing process. Specifically, the replenishing device 8 can first apply a first thickness of printing material 5 onto the printing platform 1 as needed. This first thickness is the height of the first layer of the 3D printed object. After the first layer of the 3D printed object is printed, the printing platform 1 descends by the first thickness, making the side of the first layer of the 3D printed object relative to the printing platform 1 the printing plane of the second layer of the 3D printed object. At this point, a second thickness of printing material 5 is then applied onto the first layer of the 3D printed object as needed, and subsequent printing processes are carried out sequentially to obtain the 3D printed object. Throughout the printing process, the replenishing device 8 applies the printing material 5 at the same plane height, thus enabling better control over the amount and range of the printing material 5 applied, thereby controlling the density of the 3D printed layers. In a preferred embodiment, the replenishing device 8 can automatically apply the printing material 5 onto the printing platform 1, or rotate the printing platform 1 relative to the replenishing device 8 to apply the printing material 5 output from the replenishing device 8 onto the printing platform 1. Specifically, to rotate the printing platform 1, such as... Figure 1B As shown, it further includes a rotating device 11 connected to the printing platform 1 to selectively control the rotation of the printing platform 1. Furthermore, in order to effectively control the orientation of the charged polymer particles 7 in the printing material 5, during orientation printing, the printing platform 1 does not rotate. Instead, the printing material 5 is spread flat on the printing platform 1 using a liquid replenisher 8, and then an electric field and a magnetic field are applied to the printing material 5 to move the charged polymer particles 7 to their relative positions in the silicone oil 6.

[0018] Preferably, such as Figures 1A to 1BAs shown, to maintain the fluidity of the silicone oil 6 and avoid affecting the smooth movement of the charged polymer particles 7 relative to the silicone oil 6, a heating device 12 is further included, correspondingly disposed to the printing platform 1, to maintain the temperature of the printing material 5. In a preferred embodiment, during the 3D printing process, the printing material 5 needs to be irradiated with a laser to melt and solidify the printing material 5, and after layering, the 3D object is completed. Wherein: to effectively increase the energy of the laser irradiation and to ensure that the laser irradiates into contact with the corresponding 3D printing material 5, the laser device 10 includes: a laser emitter 15 for emitting the laser; an optical lens 16 correspondingly disposed to the laser emitter 15 for focusing the laser; and a galvanometer 17 correspondingly disposed to the optical lens 16 for guiding the focused laser to contact the printing material 5 on the printing platform 1. Understandably, a printing data storage chip may be provided on the laser emitter 15 to store printing data of the desired shape and structure during the printing process, and to cause the galvanometer 17 to rotate accordingly so that the laser prints according to the information in the printing data to obtain the target 3D object. In another preferred embodiment, the laser is a carbon dioxide laser, but this is not a limitation.

[0019] Preferably, in order to control the orientation of the charged polymer particles 7, they are arranged in the silicone oil 6 along a specific direction or angle to adjust the structure of the 3D object to be printed, such as... Figures 1A to 1BAs shown, the orientation control device 9 includes: an electric field control device 13, corresponding to the printing platform 1, for selectively applying an electric field to the printing material 5 and controlling the horizontal movement of the charged polymer particles 7 in the silicone oil 6 by means of the electric field; and a magnetic field control device 14, corresponding to the printing platform 1, for selectively applying a magnetic field to the printing material 5 and controlling the vertical movement of the charged polymer particles 7 in the silicone oil 6 by means of the magnetic field. Specifically, when the electric field control device 13 applies a uniform electric field to the printing material 5, the electric field controls the charged polymer particles 7 to move along the direction of the electric field lines it generates. Therefore, it can be understood that the electric field can cause the charged polymer particles 7 to move horizontally in an XY plane parallel to the printing platform 1. Understandably, an electric field control device 13 can be installed above a printing platform 1 to achieve vertical orientation control of the charged polymer particles 7. However, to avoid the electric field's location affecting or obstructing the laser irradiation path, a magnetic field control device 14 applies a magnetic field to the printing material 5. When the charged polymer particles 7 move due to the electric field and generate current, the uniform magnetic field can apply a force perpendicular to the printing platform 1 to the charged polymer particles 7, controlling their movement along the Y-axis perpendicular to the XY plane. Figures 2A to 2B As shown, where Figure 2A This is used to represent the distribution of charged polymer particles 7 in silicone oil 6 when the printing material 5 is not subjected to an electric field or a magnetic field, and... Figure 2B This is used to represent the state in which charged polymer particles 7 move to their relative positions in silicone oil 6 when the printing material 5 is simultaneously subjected to an electric field and a magnetic field. Specifically, when an electric field and a magnetic field are applied to the printing material 5, the spatial coordinates of the charged polymer particles 7 in silicone oil 6 can be moved under the combined action of the electric field and the magnetic field, so as to control the orientation direction and angle of the charged polymer particles 7 in silicone oil 6.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for orientation 3D printing, such as... Figure 3As shown, the invention is characterized by comprising: a first coating step S1, in which a first printing material is coated onto a printing platform 1, wherein the first printing material comprises: a first silicone oil and a first charged polymer particle dispersed in the first silicone oil; a first orientation control step S2, in which a first electric field and a first magnetic field are applied to the first printing material to move the first charged polymer particle to a relative position in the first silicone oil; and a first laser irradiation step S3, in which a first laser irradiates the first printing material to melt and solidify the first printing material and form a first printing layer. In a preferred embodiment, the method further includes: a second coating step S4, in which a second printing material is coated on one side of the first printing layer relative to the printing platform 1, wherein the second printing material comprises: a second silicone oil and a second charged polymer particle dispersed in the second silicone oil; a second orientation control step S5, in which a second electric field and a second magnetic field are applied to the second printing material to move the second charged polymer particle to a relative position in the second silicone oil; and a second laser irradiation step S6, in which a second laser irradiates the second printing material to melt and solidify the second printing material, forming a second printing layer. It can be understood that, depending on the total number of layers required for printing, a third, fourth, and fifth printing layer can be sequentially printed using the above printing method until the 3D object is completed. In another preferred embodiment, the method further includes: a positioning step, in which, after the first printing layer is completed, the printing platform 1 is lowered by the same distance as the height of the first printing layer to coat the second printing material. Understandably, when the first and second printing materials are coated, the horizontal height of the coated planes is the same, thus allowing for more precise control of their coating thickness under the same reference. In another preferred embodiment, the component ratios of the first and second printing materials may be the same or different; the strengths and directions of the first and second electric fields may be the same or different; the strengths and directions of the first and second magnetic fields may be the same or different; and the power intensities of the first and second lasers may be the same or different. Therefore, it is understood that the 3D printing of the present invention has a high degree of freedom, allowing for the adjustment of the polymer orientation position in each printing layer at any time to precisely control the microstructure, density, and stress requirements of the 3D object.

[0021] Preferably, to further improve the refinement of the 3D objects printed by the method described above, or to modify them, the present invention further provides a method for preparing 3D objects, such as... Figure 4As shown, the method comprises: a method for oriented 3D printing; and an extraction step S7, in which the second printed layer is placed in an extraction tank for extraction to obtain a 3D object extract. In a preferred embodiment, to remove the extract adhering to the 3D object, the method further comprises: a drying step S8, in which the 3D object extract is dried. In another preferred embodiment, the 3D object may be further subjected to grinding, polishing, filling, coating, or waterproofing and stain-proofing treatments to enable the 3D object to be directly used for industrial needs, but is not limited to the above.

[0022] Preferably, the purpose of adding silicone oil 6 to the printing material 5 in this invention is that silicone oil 6 has high viscosity, so when charged polymer particles 7 are dispersed in silicone oil 6, the viscosity of silicone oil 6 can suspend the charged polymer particles 7 in silicone oil 6. If a general liquid is used instead of silicone oil 6, the charged polymer particles 7 will sink to the bottom of the general liquid, and the orientation of the charged polymer particles cannot be effectively adjusted, resulting in a less stable structure of the 3D object obtained by printing. In addition, when using the viscosity of silicone oil 6 to suspend the charged polymer particles 7 in the space of silicone oil 6 and performing wet 3D printing, it has the following advantages: (1) Silicone oil 6 is stable, so when the charged polymer particles 7 are melted by laser irradiation, it will not contaminate the printed 3D object. (2) Silicone oil 6 has sufficient viscosity, so it can maintain the initial spatial distribution of charged polymer particles 7 when they are not melted, thus avoiding the phenomenon of charged polymer particles 7 sinking and agglomerating, and effectively controlling the density of printing material 5. (3) When the charged polymer particles 7 are non-crystalline polymers, if the printing material 5 is irradiated with a laser and heated to a molten state, the silicone oil 6 can increase the fluidity of the molten non-crystalline polymer and improve the mechanical properties of the printing material 5. (4) During the 3D printing process, the density of the printing material 5 can be adjusted by using different silicone oil 6 ratios for each layer of printing material 5, thus enabling fine adjustment of the structure of the 3D printed object. (5) When an electric field and a magnetic field are applied to the printing material 5, the electric field and magnetic field can guide the charged polymer particles 7 suspended in the silicone oil 6, control the distribution orientation of the charged polymer particles 7, and melt and solidify the printing material 5 with a laser after the orientation adjustment is completed, thus obtaining a 3D printed object with a specific orientation. (6) The temperature decay of silicone oil 6 is slow, so when the charged polymer particles 7 move in the silicone oil 6, they have a longer time to adjust their orientation without worrying about the silicone oil 6 solidifying too quickly and making it difficult for the charged polymer particles 7 to adjust their position. In addition, regardless of whether the charged polymer particles 7 are amorphous or crystalline polymers, they have a wide processing temperature range and high adjustability. (7) Silicone oil 6 with different functional groups can be selected so that it can be fused with polar or non-polar materials to improve the fluidity and dispersibility of the printing material 5 in the molten state. (8) Since silicone oil 6 is non-conductive, when an electric field is applied to the printing material 5, the molecular chain configuration formed by the charged polymer particles 7 can be oriented and aligned. When a magnetic field is applied to the printing material 5, the angular orientation of the charged polymer particles 7 can be adjusted. In addition, when electric and magnetic field sensors are added, the change process of the orientation distribution of the charged polymer particles 7 in the silicone oil 6 can be recorded to facilitate the study of the melting process of the charged polymer particles 7 during 3D printing.

[0023] Preferably, such as Figures 5A to 5BAs shown, since the composition ratio of the printing material 5 for each layer may be different during the printing process, in this state, the number of printing materials 5 corresponding to the number of layers required to complete the 3D object can be configured first, and the printing materials 5 can be placed sequentially in a storage container 4 according to the printing order. When printing is required, the printing materials 5 corresponding to the number of printing layers can be gradually drawn onto the printing platform 1 for printing. In a preferred embodiment, an opening and a feeding port are formed on opposite sides of the storage container 4, respectively. The printing materials 5 are placed sequentially from the side of the storage container 4 closest to the feeding port to the side closest to the opening according to the printing order. Furthermore, an extrusion plate is movably disposed in the opening to extrude the printing materials 5 from the opening towards the feeding port, and the printing materials 5 are output through the feeding port.

[0024] The following steps (a) to (f) illustrate the specific printing process of the "orientation 3D printing" of the present invention: (a) A step in preparing a printing material 5, wherein a first layer of printing material and a second layer of printing material are placed sequentially in a storage container 4, wherein: the first layer of printing material includes a first silicone oil and a first charged polymer particle, and the second layer of printing material includes a second silicone oil and a second charged polymer particle. (b) A first orientation adjustment step, wherein the first layer of printing material is drawn up by the liquid replenisher 8 and spread evenly on a printing platform 1, and a first electric field and a first magnetic field are applied on the printing platform 1 to adjust the orientation distribution of the first charged polymer particles in the first silicone oil; (c) A first printing step: Activate a laser device 10, so that the laser device 10 emits a laser at the relative position on the printing platform 1 according to a 3D printing data, so as to melt and solidify the first layer of printing material and obtain a first printing layer. (d) A height adjustment step, wherein the printing platform 1 is lowered by the same distance as the height of the first printing layer; (e) A second orientation adjustment step, wherein the liquid replenisher 8 draws up the second layer of printing material and spreads it on one side of the first printing layer relative to the printing platform 1, and a second electric field and a second magnetic field are applied on the printing platform 1 to adjust the orientation distribution of the second charged polymer particles in the second silicone oil; (f) A second printing step: Activate the laser device 10, so that the laser device 10 emits a laser at the relative position on the first printing layer according to the 3D printing data, so as to melt and solidify the second layer of printing material and obtain a second printing layer.

[0025] Preferably, the printing materials 5 required for each layer can be prepared according to the number of layers to be printed, and each layer can be printed in sequence according to the above printing method to obtain a 3D object rough model. After obtaining the 3D object rough model, it is first removed from the printing platform 1, then placed in an extraction tank for extraction, and after the extraction is completed, it is taken out and dried to obtain a 3D object fine model.

[0026] Preferably, a central controller can be connected to the laser device 10, the magnetic field control device 14, the electric field control device 13, the printing platform 1, and the feeding device 3 respectively, to send commands and collect data from the aforementioned devices. Specifically, it can include five control parts: control one, controlling the switching of the laser and the movement of the galvanometer 17 so that the laser irradiates a designated position on the printing platform 1; control two, generating or changing the direction or intensity of the magnetic field and collecting the orientation distribution of charged polymer particles 7 affected by the magnetic field; control three, generating or changing the direction or intensity of the electric field and collecting the orientation distribution of charged polymer particles 7 affected by the electric field; control four, causing the printing platform 1 to rise, fall, or rotate; and control five, controlling the amount of printing material 5 added and the time of addition.

[0027] Preferably, to demonstrate that the 3D objects obtained by the printing apparatus or printing method provided by the present invention have advantages over traditional 3D printing processes, the mechanical property test results of the 3D printed products of one control group and four experimental groups are provided below, as shown in Table 1, wherein: 1. In "Experimental Group 1", the printing material 5 used contained uncharged polycarbonate powder and methyl silicone oil, and by total weight of printing material 5, it contained 60 wt% uncharged polycarbonate powder and 40 wt% methyl silicone oil. According to the results in Table 1, it can be found that compared with traditional printing technology, the mechanical properties of the 3D printed product in Experimental Group 1 are improved by 30%, and its microstructure is uniform.

[0028] 2. In "Experimental Group 2", the printing material 5 used contains: positively charged polycarbonate powder and methyl silicone oil, and by total weight of printing material 5, it contains 60 wt% positively charged polycarbonate powder and 40 wt% methyl silicone oil. First, the printing material 5 is prepared and placed in storage container 4; then, an appropriate amount of printing material 5 is drawn up by liquid replenishment device 8 and applied to printing platform 1, at which time printing platform 1 does not rotate; next, an electric field is applied to printing material 5 by electric field control device 13, and a magnetic field is applied to printing material 5 by magnetic field control device 14 to adjust the orientation of charged polymer particles 7 in silicone oil 6. A Hall effect sensor is installed on magnetic field control device 14 to receive the magnetic pole information of charged polymer particles 7; then, a computer is used to collect the electrical signals caused by changes in the magnetic field of charged polymer particles 7, and the results are as follows. Figure 6 As shown, the orientation signals of charged polymer particles 7 under the action of electric and magnetic fields are analyzed. The electric field changes caused by the change in charge distribution of charged polymer particles 7 are analyzed using a Hall effect sensor. The orientation of charged polymer particles 7 is determined by magnetic pole measurement until the orientation distribution of charged polymer particles 7 in silicone oil 6 meets the expectations. Then, a laser device 10 emits a laser to irradiate the printing material 5, causing the printing material 5 to melt and solidify, forming a printing layer. In the printing layer, the charged polymer particles 7 are distributed according to the expected orientation, so its mechanical properties and support strength in terms of orientation are more superior.

[0029] 3. In "Experimental Group 3", the printing material 5 used sequentially includes a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer. The first layer contains polycarbonate powder and amino silicone oil, and by weight, it contains 60 wt% polycarbonate powder and 40 wt% amino silicone oil. The second layer contains nylon powder and amino silicone oil, and by weight, it contains 60 wt% nylon powder and 40 wt% amino silicone oil. The third layer has the same composition as the first layer. Specifically, as shown in Table 1, the 3D printed product obtained using printing material 5 in Experimental Group 3 exhibits superior mechanical properties compared to the control group obtained using traditional printing material 5.

[0030] 4. In “Experimental Group 4”, the printing material 5 used contains uncharged polycarbonate powder and methyl silicone oil, and by total weight of printing material 5, it contains 50 wt% uncharged polycarbonate powder and 50 wt% methyl silicone oil.

[0031] 5. In the "control group", the printing material 5 used was uncharged polycarbonate powder, and the printing method was conventional 3D printing technology.

[0032] Table 1. Results of mechanical property tests on 3D printed products in each group

[0033] Preferably, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Conventional 3D printing technology uses polymer dry powder particles for printing, therefore it cannot adjust the density and orientation distribution of the polymer material in space. The present invention, however, obtains a printing material 5 with a specific density by mixing charged polymer particles 7 with silicone oil 6. Furthermore, because silicone oil 6 has viscous and non-conductive properties, the present invention can control the orientation of the charged polymer particles 7 in the printing material 5 by applying electric and magnetic fields to it. After laser irradiation, a 3D printed object with a specific density and orientation is obtained. In addition, conventional 3D printers use printing material 5 of the same composition to continuously print 3D objects, while the present invention can adjust the composition ratio and density of the printing material 5 for each layer as needed. Therefore, it can reinforce weaker areas of the 3D object structure and adjust the printing time required for the 3D object. Furthermore, due to the presence of silicone oil 6, the printing material 5 offers a wider range of processing conditions regardless of whether the polymer particles are crystalline or amorphous. Specifically, when the printing material 5 is irradiated with a laser and melted, the viscosity of the amorphous polymer in the printing material 5 decreases, resulting in better fluidity. Therefore, the uniformity and density of the manufactured 3D object are better, and localized loose structures and excessively high densities are avoided. Additionally, conventional 3D printing devices require printing crystalline polymers within a specific temperature window, while the silicone oil 6 used in this invention can expand this temperature window, reducing the limitations of the processing parameters. Moreover, by applying electric and magnetic fields to the printing material 5, the orientation and angle of the molecular chains formed by the charged polymer particles 7 can be adjusted. Therefore, the material properties and structural strength of the 3D object can be adjusted according to the orientation of the polymer molecular chains in each layer. Furthermore, conventional 3D printing devices cannot study the microstructure of polymer materials during the printing process. However, by collecting the influence of changes in electric and magnetic fields on the orientation of charged polymer particles 7, this invention can analyze the specific melting mode of the molecular chains formed by the charged polymer particles 7 during the printing process. In addition, the magnetic field changes during the movement of surface charges of the charged polymer particles 7. Therefore, the orientation information of the charged polymer particles 7 can be analyzed by the change in the magnetic signal of the charged polymer particles 7, thereby completing the analysis of the microstructure of the polymer material.

[0034] However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Therefore, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of patent protection and the contents of the specification of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An orientation 3D printing apparatus, comprising: One printing platform; A lifting device is connected to the printing platform to control the lifting of the printing platform; A feeding device, comprising: A storage container for containing a printing material, said printing material comprising: a silicone oil, and charged polymer particles; and A replenishment device, one end of which is connected to the interior of the storage container and the other end of which is correspondingly disposed to the printing platform, so as to deliver the printing material to the printing platform; An orientation control device, correspondingly disposed to the printing platform, is provided to control the orientation distribution of the charged polymer particles in the silicone oil; and A laser device is provided corresponding to the printing platform to emit a laser to irradiate the printing material, causing the printing material to melt and solidify; The orientation control device includes: An electric field control device, correspondingly disposed to the printing platform, applies an electric field to the printing material and controls the horizontal movement of the charged polymer particles in the silicone oil by means of the electric field; and A magnetic field control device is provided corresponding to the printing platform to apply a magnetic field to the printing material and control the vertical movement of the charged polymer particles in the silicone oil by means of the magnetic field.

2. The orientation 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a rotating device connected to the printing platform to control the rotation of the printing platform.

3. The orientation 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heating device, which is set in relation to the printing platform to maintain the temperature of the printing material.

4. The orientation 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser device comprises: A laser emitter for emitting the laser; An optical lens, disposed corresponding to the laser emitter, is used to focus the laser beam; and A galvanometer, corresponding to the optical lens, is used to guide the converged laser to contact the printing material on the printing platform.

5. The orientation 3D printing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The laser mentioned is a carbon dioxide laser.

6. A method for orientation-based 3D printing, characterized in that, Include: A first coating step involves coating a first printing material onto a printing platform, wherein the first printing material comprises a first silicone oil and a first charged polymer particle dispersed in the first silicone oil. A first orientation control step involves applying a first electric field and a first magnetic field to the first printing material to move the first charged polymer particles to their relative positions within the first silicone oil; and A first laser irradiation step involves irradiating the first printing material with a first laser to melt and solidify the first printing material, thereby forming a first printing layer.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, This includes: A second coating step involves coating a second printing material onto one side of the first printing layer relative to the printing platform, wherein the second printing material comprises a second silicone oil and a second charged polymer particle dispersed in the second silicone oil; A second orientation control step involves applying a second electric field and a second magnetic field to the second printing material to move the second charged polymer particles to their relative positions within the second silicone oil; and A second laser irradiation step involves irradiating the second printing material with a second laser to melt and solidify the second printing material, thereby forming a second printing layer.

8. A method for preparing a 3D object, characterized in that, Include: A method for orientation 3D printing as described in claim 7; and In the extraction step, the second printed layer is placed in an extraction tank for extraction to obtain a 3D object extract.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, It further includes a drying step, in which the 3D object extract is dried.

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