Evaluation method of torsional impact tool for improving high frequency rotation kinetic energy of drill bit

Abstract

The application discloses a method for evaluating the improvement of the high-frequency rotating kinetic energy of a drill bit by a torsional vibration tool. Based on measured well trajectory parameters, drill string structure parameters and torsional vibration tool characteristic parameters, the tangential vibration velocity of the drill string is obtained by using a drill string dynamics analysis method, the high-frequency rotating kinetic energy index of the drill bit is calculated, and the index is used as the evaluation basis for the improvement degree of the kinetic energy of the drill bit. The reasonable installation position and working frequency of the torsional vibration tool are determined based on the index.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield drilling technology, specifically to an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits using a torsion impactor or torsion impactor. Background Technology

[0002] In order to reduce drill string stick-slip vibration and increase drilling speed, the research and application of drilling torque punches have received increasing attention.

[0003] The working principle of a torque punch is to utilize a portion of the drilling fluid's energy to drive an internal hammer to strike the anvil, generating a periodic impact torque that is applied to the drill string. The torque punch changes the drill bit's interaction with the formation to impact shearing, significantly enhancing its cutting ability in formations with high abrasiveness, high compressive strength, dense rock, and poor drillability (drillability rating between 8 and 10). When used in conjunction with a PDC drill bit, the torque punch can extend drill bit life, eliminate stick-slip effects, improve rock-breaking efficiency, and achieve the goal of increasing speed and efficiency.

[0004] The mechanism by which torsion punches affect the dynamic characteristics of drill strings remains unclear. In practical engineering, the speed-up effect of torsion punches is often not significant due to improper installation location and operating parameter selection. A quantitative evaluation method for the effect of torsion punches on improving drill bit rock-breaking efficiency is urgently needed in engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing drill bit assemblies with torsion punches, this invention aims to overcome these deficiencies and provide an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits using torsion punches, thereby enhancing the rock-breaking efficiency of drill bits.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the concept of this invention is as follows:

[0007] Based on the measured wellbore trajectory parameters, drill string structure parameters, and torque punch characteristic parameters, and considering different torque punch installation positions, the tangential vibration velocity of the drill string is obtained using drill string dynamics analysis methods. The high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit is calculated as an evaluation basis for the degree of drill bit kinetic energy improvement. Based on this, the reasonable installation position and operating frequency of the torque punch are determined.

[0008] Based on the above inventive concept, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] An evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits using a torsion punch tool, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string using a laser measuring instrument and a special gauge;

[0011] (2) Measure wellbore trajectory parameters using a triaxial accelerometer, fluxgate sensor or MWD, multi-point inclinometer;

[0012] (3) Determine the performance parameters of the torsion punch;

[0013] (4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model;

[0014] (5) Calculate and obtain the torsional kinetic energy and high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit;

[0015] (6) Determine the installation location and working frequency of the torsion punch tool.

[0016] Preferably, step (1) involves using measuring tools to measure the outer diameter, inner diameter, length, and density of the drill string.

[0017] Preferably, step (2) involves using measuring tools to measure the wellbore trajectory parameters, including well diameter, inclination angle, and azimuth angle.

[0018] Preferably, step (3) involves determining the working frequency and working torque of the torsion punch using a measuring tool or based on the performance parameters of the torsion punch provided by the manufacturer.

[0019] Preferably, step (4) involves establishing a drill string dynamics analysis model, providing the drill string with a pulse-shaped impact torque determined by the performance of the torsion punch at the installation position.

[0020]

[0021] Where M0 is the impact torque of the hammer against the anvil, kN·m; Δt is the contact time, s; T is the period, s; ​​t represents time, s; n is a positive integer 1, 2, 3, ... This is transformed into a superposition excitation in the form of a Fourier series of corresponding nodes, yielding the frequencies w of each order. n Hz and amplitude A n , kN·m, take the synthesis result of its first n order components:

[0022] M(t)=∑A n sinw n t (2)

[0023] Substituting the above Fourier series form of excitation into the following finite element model, the torsional vibration velocity of the drill string generated by the torsion punch is calculated and determined:

[0024]

[0025] Where M is the mass matrix, M Add Let C be the added mass matrix, and K be the damping matrix. L K is a linear stiffness matrix. NL Here, F is the nonlinear stiffness matrix, and F is the external force matrix. U represents generalized acceleration, generalized velocity, and generalized displacement, respectively.

[0026] Preferably, step (5) involves calculating the rotational energy gained by the drill bit under torsional excitation based on its moment of inertia and rotational speed.

[0027]

[0028] Where J is the moment of inertia of the drill bit, kg·m 2 w is the torsional velocity of the drill bit, in rad / s;

[0029] The high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit induced by the torsion punch tool is determined using formula (5):

[0030]

[0031] Where (t1 t2) represents any time interval, s.

[0032] Preferably, step (6) involves: determining the drill bit rotation kinetic energy index at different frequencies and different installation positions of the torsion punch tool; by comparison, determining the corresponding installation position of the torsion punch tool at a given torsion punch tool frequency based on the maximum high-frequency rotation kinetic energy index of the drill bit, or determining the torsion punch tool frequency at a given torsion punch tool position.

[0033] Preferably, the operating frequency of the torsion punch is between 5 and 200 Hz.

[0034] Preferably, the wellbore is a vertical well, a directional well, a horizontal well, or a high-displacement well.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious and prominent substantive features and significant advantages:

[0036] 1. The present invention provides an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits using a torsion punch tool. This method decomposes the pulse excitation of the torsion punch tool into a multi-order sine function, determines the torsional vibration velocity of each node of the drill string based on the drill string dynamics model, and evaluates the additional energy obtained by the drill bit using the drill bit kinetic energy index formula.

[0037] 2. This invention adjusts the installation position and working frequency of the torsion punch tool to obtain the change in the drill bit kinetic energy index. Based on the maximum drill bit kinetic energy index, the most reasonable installation position and working frequency of the torsion punch tool that is most conducive to improving the drill bit's rock-breaking efficiency are determined.

[0038] 3. This invention is applicable to commonly used drill bits and drill collars of various sizes and torsion punches, as well as various types of wellbore trajectories, including vertical wells, directional wells, horizontal wells, and extended reach wells. The frequency of the torsion punches is generally between 5 and 200 Hz, and the high frequency is generally less than 2 Hz relative to the surface rotation speed frequency.

[0039] 4. The method of the present invention is simple, easy to implement, and low in cost, making it suitable for widespread use. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the operating procedure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is the time history curve of the torsional impact excitation effect of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 The present invention uses trigonometric function forms to synthesize pulse excitation.

[0043] Figure 4 This is the maximum tangential velocity distribution of the drill string at different installation positions of the torsion punch tool (25Hz) of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 The curves showing the change in the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit for different installation positions and operating frequencies of the torsion punch tool of the present invention are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The above solution will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below:

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 An evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits using a torsion punch tool, comprising the following steps:

[0048] (1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string using a laser measuring instrument and a special gauge;

[0049] (2) Measure wellbore trajectory parameters using a triaxial accelerometer, fluxgate sensor or MWD, multi-point inclinometer;

[0050] (3) Determine the performance parameters of the torsion punch;

[0051] (4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model;

[0052] (5) Calculate and obtain the torsional kinetic energy and high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit;

[0053] (6) Determine the installation location and working frequency of the torsion punch tool.

[0054] The method described in this embodiment serves as an evaluation basis for the degree of improvement in drill bit kinetic energy, and based on this, the appropriate installation position and working frequency of the torsion punch are determined.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that:

[0057] In this embodiment, an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit using a torsion punch tool includes the following steps:

[0058] 1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string: Use measuring tools to measure the outer diameter, inner diameter, length, etc. of each part of the drill string.

[0059] 2) Measure wellbore trajectory parameters: Use measuring tools to measure wellbore trajectory parameters such as well diameter, inclination angle, and azimuth angle.

[0060] 3) Determine the performance parameters of the torsion punch: Use measuring tools or the torsion punch performance parameters provided by the manufacturer to determine the working frequency, impact force, etc. of the torsion punch.

[0061] 4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model: At the installation position, a pulse torque determined by the performance of the torque punch tool is provided to the drill string.

[0062]

[0063] Where M0 is the impact torque of the hammer against the anvil, kN·m; Δt is the contact time, s; T is the period, s; ​​t represents time, s; n is a positive integer 1, 2, 3... The time history curve of the torsional impact can be expressed as... Figure 1 In the form of.

[0064] To facilitate dynamic calculations, equation (1) is transformed into trigonometric function form using Fourier transform:

[0065] M(t)=∑A n sinw n t (2)

[0066] The pulse excitation M(t) is transformed by Fourier transform to obtain the frequencies w of each order. n Hz and amplitude A n ,kN·m, take the synthesis result of its first n order components, such as Figure 2 As shown. Substituting the Fourier series form of the excitation into the following finite element model:

[0067]

[0068] Where M is the mass matrix, M Add Let C be the added mass matrix, and K be the damping matrix. L K is a linear stiffness matrix. NL Here, F is the nonlinear stiffness matrix, and F is the external force matrix. U represents the generalized acceleration, generalized velocity, and generalized displacement, respectively. The drill string dynamics are calculated to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the entire well drill string under this excitation. Vibration parameters of each node of the drill string under stable fluctuations are taken, and the torsional vibration velocity of each node is calculated to obtain the distribution of the torsional tangential velocity.

[0069] 5) Calculate the torsional kinetic energy and high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit: Calculate the rotational energy obtained by the drill bit under torsional excitation based on its moment of inertia and rotational speed.

[0070]

[0071] Where J is the moment of inertia of the drill bit, kg·m 2 w is the torsional velocity of the drill bit, in rad / s;

[0072] The high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit induced by the torsion punch tool is determined using formula (5):

[0073]

[0074] Where (t1 t2) represents any time interval, s.

[0075] 6) Determine the installation position and working frequency of the torsion punch: Determine the kinetic energy index of the drill bit rotation at different frequencies and different torsion punch installation positions. By comparison, determine the corresponding torsion punch installation position at a given torsion punch frequency or the torsion punch frequency at a given torsion punch position based on the maximum high-frequency kinetic energy index of the drill bit rotation.

[0076] In this embodiment, the operating frequency of the torsion punch is between 5 and 200 Hz. The wellbore is a vertical well, a directional well, a horizontal well, or a high-displacement well.

[0077] This embodiment describes an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits using a torsion punch tool. This method decomposes the pulse excitation of the torsion punch tool into a multi-order sine function, determines the torsional vibration velocity at each node of the drill string based on a drill string dynamics model, and evaluates the additional energy gained by the drill bit using the drill bit kinetic energy index formula. This embodiment adjusts the installation position and operating frequency of the torsion punch tool to obtain changes in the drill bit kinetic energy index. Using the maximum drill bit kinetic energy index as the criterion, it determines the most suitable installation position and operating frequency for the torsion punch tool to improve the drill bit's rock-breaking efficiency.

[0078] Example 3:

[0079] This embodiment is basically the same as the above embodiments, except that:

[0080] In this embodiment, a 3000m vertical well is drilled using a drill string assembly with dual stabilizers and Power-V tools. The method of this patent application is used to evaluate the appropriate installation position and operating frequency of the torque punch tool.

[0081] Implementation process:

[0082] 1) By measuring parameters such as inner diameter, outer diameter, and length, the drill string structure is obtained as follows:

[0083] Φ333.4mm drill bit * 0.4m + Φ228.6mm drill collar * 18m + Φ331mm stabilizer * 1.95m + Φ228.6mm drill collar * 9m + Φ331mm stabilizer * 1.95m + Φ228.6mm drill collar * 45m + Φ203.2mm drill collar * 135m + Φ139.7mm drill rod.

[0084] The drill collar has an inner diameter of 76mm, and the drill pipe has an inner diameter of 108mm.

[0085] 2) Consult the drilling design to obtain the wellbore structure:

[0086] Φ365.1mm surface sleeve * 500m + Φ333.4mm bare eye.

[0087] 3) The torsional impact torque of the torsion punch was measured to be 1500 N·m, and the working frequency was between 4 and 25 Hz.

[0088] 4) The measured density of the drill string material was 7.9 × 10⁻⁶. 3 kg / m 3 Its elastic modulus is 201 GPa.

[0089] 5) The torsion punch was placed at a distance of 3m, 9m, 13.5m, 24.45m and 28.3m from the drill bit. Calculations were performed on the torsion punch using different frequencies of 4Hz, 5Hz, 10Hz, 20Hz and 25Hz. Multiple frequencies are given here for comparison to determine the vibration characteristics and kinetic energy index of the drill bit under different parameter combinations.

[0090] 6) High-frequency vibration of the torsion punch tool can cause high-frequency torsional motion in the nearby drill string, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the torsional tangential velocity reaches its maximum value at the node where the torsion punch is installed, and gradually weakens towards both sides. Under different vibration frequencies and excitation forces, the extreme values ​​and distribution ranges of the torsion velocity vary significantly when the torsion punch is installed at different positions, taking the 25Hz torsion punch as an example.

[0091] 7) The torsional kinetic energy index of the drill bit can be calculated from the extreme value of the torsional velocity and the drill bit parameters. Figure 5As shown, high-frequency torsional excitation can enable the drill bit to obtain greater torsional kinetic energy, and the closer the torsional punch is to the drill bit, the greater the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy obtained by the drill bit. For this embodiment, the optimal operating frequency is 25Hz, and the optimal installation position is less than 10m from the drill bit.

[0092] This embodiment presents an evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of the drill bit using a torque punch tool. The method involves: based on measured wellbore trajectory parameters, drill string structural parameters, and torque punch tool characteristic parameters, considering different installation positions of the torque punch tool, using drill string dynamics analysis to obtain the tangential vibration velocity of the drill string, calculating the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit as the evaluation basis for the degree of drill bit kinetic energy improvement, and using this as a basis to determine the appropriate installation position and operating frequency of the torque punch tool.

[0093] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made according to the purpose of the invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications made based on the spirit and principle of the technical solution of the present invention shall be equivalent substitutions. As long as they meet the purpose of the invention and do not deviate from the technical principle and inventive concept of the present invention, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit using a torsion punch tool, characterized in that... The operation steps are as follows: (1) Measure the structural parameters of the drill string using a special gauge; (2) Measure wellbore trajectory parameters using a triaxial accelerometer, fluxgate sensor or MWD, single-point or multi-point inclinometer; (3) Determine the performance parameters of the torsion punch; (4) Establish a drill string dynamics analysis model, and provide the drill string with a pulse-shaped impact torque determined by the performance of the torsion punch at the installation position: （1）； in The impact torque of the hammer on the anvil is kN·m. Contact time, in seconds; T The period is s; t Indicates time, in seconds; n The excitations are positive integers 1, 2, 3, ...; these are transformed into superposition excitations in the form of Fourier series of the corresponding nodes to obtain the frequencies of each order. w n Hz and amplitude A n kN·m, take the first one n The synthesis results of the first-order components: （2）； Substituting the above Fourier series form of excitation into the following finite element model, the torsional vibration velocity of the drill string generated by the torsion punch is calculated and determined: （3）； in, M For the quality matrix, To add a mass matrix, C Here is the damping matrix. It is a linear stiffness matrix. It is a nonlinear stiffness matrix. F For the external force matrix, , , and , respectively, are generalized acceleration, generalized velocity, and generalized displacement; (5) Calculate the torsional kinetic energy and high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit; calculate the rotational energy obtained by the drill bit under torsional excitation based on the moment of inertia and rotational speed of the drill bit: （4）； in, J Let be the moment of inertia of the drill bit, in kg·m 2 , w Let be the torsional velocity of the drill bit, in rad / s; The high-frequency rotational kinetic energy index of the drill bit induced by the torsion punch tool is determined using formula (5): （5）； in Let s be any time interval; (6) Determine the installation position and working frequency of the torsion punch tool; determine the drill bit rotation kinetic energy index under different frequencies and different torsion punch tool installation positions, and determine the corresponding torsion punch tool installation position under a given torsion punch tool frequency based on the maximum high-frequency rotation kinetic energy index of the drill bit, or determine the torsion punch tool frequency when a given torsion punch tool position is determined.

2. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits using the torsion punch tool according to claim 1, characterized in that... Step (1): Use measuring tools to measure the outer diameter, inner diameter, length, and density of the drill string.

3. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits using the torsion punch tool according to claim 1, characterized in that... Step (2): Use measuring tools to measure wellbore trajectory parameters such as well diameter, well inclination angle, and azimuth angle.

4. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits using the torsion punch tool according to claim 1, characterized in that... Step (3): Determine the working frequency and working torque of the torsion punch using measuring tools or according to the performance parameters of the torsion punch provided by the manufacturer.

5. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of a drill bit using a torsion punch tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating frequency of the torsion punch tool is between 5 and 200 Hz.

6. The evaluation method for improving the high-frequency rotational kinetic energy of drill bits using the torsion punch tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wellbore can be a vertical well, a directional well, a horizontal well, or a high-displacement well.

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