Mechanical metrology device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of mechanical measurement device and method thereof, including measuring box, support foot, observation set, leveling set, adjusting platform, external power supply, inspection window;Two bulkheads are fixedly installed in the middle of measuring box;Two bulkheads have a certain distance in the middle;Telescopic flat plate is installed above the space between two bulkheads;Telescopic flat plate always keeps horizontal;There is a support foot on each of the four corners of the bottom end of measuring box;Observation set is located in the upper half of measuring box;Leveling set is located in measuring box;Adjusting platform is located in measuring box;External power supply is located at the bottom of the rear side of measuring box;Inspection window is located below the front of measuring box;The application can fix different samples of different thickness, size, regularity, parts can be replaced or adjusted position according to sample size, limited small;Leveling is convenient, preparation time is shortened, measurement efficiency is improved, structure is simple, operator is easy to operate, device required cost is lower, and applicability is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical measurement technology, and in particular to a mechanical measurement device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Mechanical metrology includes measurements of mass, force, torque, hardness, pressure, vibration, impact, flow rate, velocity, rotational speed, capacity, and acceleration. Its theoretical basis is Newton's laws of motion, namely, force = mass × acceleration. Research in mechanical metrology plays a crucial role in various fields such as scientific research, production, and national defense. Hardness testing methods include Rockwell hardness, Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Leeb hardness, Shore hardness, and Barcol hardness. The Vickers hardness test is mainly used in materials research and scientific experiments. Low-load Vickers hardness testing is primarily used to test the hardness of small precision parts, the hardness and effective depth of surface hardened layers, and the surface properties of coatings. Hardness, including the hardness of thin sheet materials and fine wires, the hardness near the cutting edge of a knife, and the hardness of dental materials; because the test force used in the Vickers hardness test is very small, the appearance and performance of the sample are not affected; applicable ranges include heat-treated, carburized, quenched hardened layers, surface coatings, steel, non-ferrous metals, and small and thin parts, etc.; during the test, under the action of a certain test force, a square pyramidal indentation is pressed into the surface of the sample on the north side, and the length of the diagonal of the indentation is measured to calculate the surface area of ​​the indentation. The formula for calculating Vickers hardness is HV (Vickers hardness) = constant × test force / indentation surface area ≈ 0.1891F / d2.

[0003] Existing Vickers hardness measuring devices in mechanical metrology often use clamp-type fixing components to fix samples. However, clamps are difficult to control in terms of fixing force, which can easily cause deformation of samples with low hardness, thus affecting the accuracy of the hardness measurement. For thinner samples, clamps struggle to provide stable fixation, also leading to deformation. During hardness measurement, it is necessary to keep the sample surface as horizontal as possible. Most existing Vickers hardness measuring devices involve numerous and complex adjustment steps for leveling, resulting in low leveling efficiency, wasted measurement time, and significant difficulties in subsequent maintenance. This hinders widespread adoption and overall results in low cost-effectiveness. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a Vickers hardness measuring device with a simple structure, stable fixation for samples of various shapes, and high leveling efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to developing a mechanical measuring device and method to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the clamping and fixing components of the Vickers hardness measuring device disclosed in the prior art are difficult to control the fixing force, which can easily lead to deformation of the sample being tested. The leveling components have complex structures, many operation steps, and low leveling efficiency, which can easily lead to errors in the measurement results. In addition, the device has a complex structure and is difficult to maintain.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a mechanical measuring device, comprising a measuring box, supporting feet, an observation assembly, a leveling assembly, an adjusting platform, an external power supply, and an inspection window; two partitions are fixedly installed in the middle of the measuring box; there is a certain distance between the two partitions; a telescopic plate is installed above the space between the two partitions, and part of the plate can be manually extended or retracted in use; the telescopic plate is slender and always remains horizontal; there is a supporting foot at each of the four corners of the bottom of the measuring box; the height of the supporting feet is adjustable to accommodate different measuring environments; the observation assembly is located in the upper part of the measuring box; the leveling assembly is located inside the lower part of the measuring box; the adjusting platform is located inside the lower part of the measuring box; the leveling assembly is placed inside the upper part of the adjusting platform, with some components exposed; the external power supply is located at the bottom rear side of the measuring box; the inspection window is located below the front of the measuring box, facilitating opening for inspection or replacement of parts during later maintenance;

[0007] Furthermore, the observation kit includes a turntable, a pressure head, an observation objective lens, a measuring lens, an observation screen, and an operation panel; the turntable is fixedly connected to the lower part of the operation table extending from the upper part of the measurement box, and can rotate to change the observation orientation during actual use; the observation objective lens, pressure head, and measuring lens are fixedly connected to the upper turntable in a left-to-right arrangement, with the pressure head located in the center; during actual measurement, rotating the turntable will only move the observation objective lens and the measuring lens, while the pressure head remains stationary; the pressure head, observation objective lens, and measuring lens are all retractable structures; the pressure head is equipped with a motor; the observation... The objective lens is used to observe the position of each component within the measurement working range, facilitating fine-tuning; the measuring mirror is used to measure the values ​​required for subsequent calculations; the observation screen can display the images sent by the objective lens and various values ​​measured by the measuring mirror in real time; the operation buttons on the control panel can control the length and magnitude of the pressure head, with the specific force value fed back to the observation screen; the operation buttons on the control panel can control the length and angle of the objective lens and the measuring mirror; the control panel contains a circuit board for signal transmission and reception; the observation kit is connected to an external power supply through internal circuitry.

[0008] Furthermore, the leveling assembly includes a leveling base, a fixing block, a positioning knob, and a positioning rod. The bottom of the leveling base has an arc-shaped structure, allowing it to swing left and right to adjust the tilt angle. The upper end of the leveling base is equipped with a slide rail and a placement plate for placing and fixing the sample. The placement plate is fixedly connected to the center of the slide rail. The slide rail has four diagonally distributed openings, each with a fixing block installed on it. Each fixing block consists of an "L"-shaped screw, a matching nut, and a rubber washer. When the nut is not tightened, the fixing block can slide and adjust its position on the opening of the slide rail. By adjusting the relative position of the rubber washer and the screw, as well as the position of the fixing block on the slide rail, samples of different thicknesses and shapes can be fixed on the slide rail. Different sizes of rubber washers can be replaced according to the actual measurement conditions.

[0009] The positioning knob has a central opening with threads; the front end of the positioning rod has threads, the size and thread distribution of which match the positioning knob; the end of the positioning rod is larger than the body; the positioning knob is located outside the observation box and is connected to the extended part of the positioning rod via internal and external threads; when the positioning knob is rotated, the length of the extended positioning rod can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the position of the end of the positioning rod; when the positioning knob can no longer be rotated, the end of the internal positioning rod will tightly fix the leveling base, at which point the leveling base remains stable and stationary;

[0010] The measuring box has an opening on the front side, the width of which is the same as the cross-sectional diameter of the positioning rod, ensuring that the positioning rod and positioning knob can move up and down.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment platform includes a height adjustment knob and a support platform; the height adjustment knob, by rotating, drives the internal gears of the support platform to move, thereby adjusting the height of the support platform; the lower end of the support platform is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the measuring chamber; the upper end of the support platform has an arc-shaped bottom; the front and rear sides of the leveling sleeve are close to the upper end of the support platform, and the tilt angle can be adjusted by swinging left and right, which facilitates leveling of the sample being tested; the rear part of the upper end of the support platform has some space to facilitate the forward and backward movement of the positioning rod;

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed connection is achieved by welding, bonding, or integral molding;

[0013] Furthermore, the number of fixing blocks corresponds to the opening of the slide rail plate, with a minimum of three;

[0014] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the fixed connection is welding;

[0015] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of fixing blocks is the same as the number of openings in the slide rail plate, both being four;

[0016] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure head, observation objective lens, measuring lens, and observation screen are all commercially available products, and their size and function need to meet the measurement requirements.

[0017] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for measuring Vickers hardness using the mechanical measuring device of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0018] Includes the following steps,

[0019] Step 1: Apply this device to the Vickers hardness measurement work of a certain synthetic materials research and development department, check the installation and use of each component of the device to ensure that it can be used normally and can be switched on and off; turn the height adjustment knob, and under the action of the adjustment table, the leveling sleeve will be exposed between the two partitions to facilitate the placement of the sample;

[0020] Step 2: Cut, slice, or process the sample to be measured into the required size. Place the processed sample on the plate and slide to adjust the position of the four fixing blocks. After the position is determined, tighten the matching nuts to fix the fixing blocks and keep the sample stable.

[0021] Step 3: Turn the height adjustment knob to lower the adjustment platform, pull out the telescopic plate, and then raise the adjustment platform so that the sample surface is against the long and thin telescopic plate. At this time, the sample will automatically level under the pressure of the telescopic plate. At the same time, the leveling sleeve will swing to the left or right with the sample for a certain range and then stabilize. Turn the positioning knob inward until it can no longer be turned. The end of the internal positioning rod will firmly fix the leveling base to the adjustment platform. The leveling is complete. Retract the telescopic plate and adjust the height of the adjustment platform until the sample is in a suitable position, and wait for the next measurement.

[0022] Step 4: Connect the external power supply, set the indenter force and length through the turntable and operation panel, adjust the position of the observation objective and measuring mirror, and fine-tune the sample height or the indenter, observation objective, and measuring mirror to the appropriate position based on the observation image displayed on the observation screen. The measurement work is carried out. The indenter moves downward and presses the diamond indenter into the surface of the sample to be tested with the set force. After holding for a certain period of time, the measuring mirror measures the diagonal length of the indentation. Finally, the Vickers hardness of the sample to be tested is calculated using the formula.

[0023] By adopting the above scheme, the mechanical measuring device and method disclosed in this invention have the following advantages:

[0024] (1) The present invention provides a mechanical measuring device and method, which is equipped with a rubber ring fixing component that is not easy to deform the sample being tested. It can fix the sample being tested with different thicknesses, sizes and regularities. The rubber gasket and screw can also be replaced according to the sample size, with less limitation.

[0025] (2) The present invention provides a mechanical measuring device and method. The leveling device has a simple structure, few leveling steps, and is not complicated to operate. The leveling work can be completed in a short time. It is easy for operators to learn and saves time and effort.

[0026] (3) The mechanical measuring device and method of the present invention have a simple overall structure, high measurement efficiency, and the accuracy will not be reduced due to the simplification of the structure. The cost is relatively low and overall it is suitable for widespread use.

[0027] In summary, the mechanical measurement device and method disclosed in this invention can fix samples of different thicknesses, sizes, and regularities. The parts can be replaced or the positions adjusted according to the sample size, with minimal limitations. Leveling is convenient, shortening preparation time and improving measurement efficiency. The structure is simple, easy for operators to learn, and the device has lower costs and good applicability.

[0028] The following will further explain the concept, specific technical solution and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a mechanical measuring device and method according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view of a mechanical measuring device and method according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a right-side view of the internal structure of a mechanical measuring device and method according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a magnified view of point A;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the relative positional relationship between the leveling assembly and the support platform 602;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the fixing block 9 on the slide rail plate 503;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the fixing method of the fixing block 9 when measuring thinner samples;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the fixing method of the fixing block 9 when measuring part samples;

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Support leg; 2. Observation kit; 201. Pressure head; 202. Observation objective lens; 203. Measuring mirror; 204. Observation screen; 205. Operation panel; 206. Turntable; 3. Partition; 4. Telescopic plate; 5. Leveling base; 501. Positioning knob; 502. Positioning rod; 503. Slide rail; 504. Storage plate; 6. Adjustment platform; 601. Height adjustment button; 602. Support platform; 7. External power supply; 8. Inspection window; 9. Fixing block. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, which are described exemplarily, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

[0039] If there are experimental methods that do not specify the conditions, they are usually carried out according to the standard conditions, such as the relevant instructions or manuals.

[0040] The mechanical measuring device and method of the present invention have the following structure: Figure 1-6 As shown,

[0041] The device includes a measuring box, support feet 1, observation kit 2, leveling kit, adjusting platform 6, external power supply 7, and inspection window 8. Two partitions 3 are fixedly installed in the middle of the measuring box, with a certain distance between them. A telescopic plate 4 is installed above the space between the two partitions 3, and part of the plate can be manually extended or retracted during use. The telescopic plate 4 is slender and always remains horizontal. Each of the four corners of the bottom of the measuring box has a support foot 1, and the height of the support feet 1 is adjustable to accommodate different measuring environments. The observation kit 2 is located in the upper part of the measuring box. The leveling kit is located inside the lower part of the measuring box. The adjusting platform 6 is located inside the lower part of the measuring box. The leveling kit is placed inside the upper part of the adjusting platform 6, with some components exposed. The external power supply 7 is located at the bottom rear of the measuring box. The inspection window 8 is located at the lower front of the measuring box, facilitating opening for inspection or replacement of parts during later maintenance.

[0042] The observation kit 2 includes a turntable 206, a pressure head 201, an observation objective lens 202, a measuring mirror 203, an observation screen 204, and an operation panel 205. The turntable 206 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the operation table extending from the upper part of the measurement box, and can be rotated to change the observation position during actual use. The observation objective lens 202, pressure head 201, and measuring mirror 203 are fixedly connected to the upper turntable 206 in a left-to-right arrangement, with the pressure head 201 located in the center. During actual measurement, rotating the turntable 206 will only move the observation objective lens 202 and the measuring mirror 203, while the pressure head 201 remains stationary. The pressure head 201, observation objective lens 202, and measuring mirror 203 are all retractable structures. The pressure head 201... Equipped with a motor; the observation objective 202 is used to observe the position of each component within the measurement working range for easy fine-tuning; the measuring mirror 203 is used to measure the values ​​required for subsequent calculations; the observation screen 204 can observe the images sent by the observation objective 202 and various values ​​measured by the measuring mirror 203 in real time; the operation buttons on the operation panel 205 can control the length and magnitude of the pressure head 201, and the specific value of the force is fed back to the observation screen 204; the operation buttons on the operation panel 205 can control the length and angle of the observation objective 202 and the measuring mirror 203; the operation panel 205 has a circuit board for signal transmission and reception installed inside; the observation kit 2 is connected to an external power supply 7 through an internal circuit.

[0043] The leveling assembly includes a leveling base 5, a fixing block 9, a positioning knob 501, and a positioning rod 502. The bottom of the leveling base 5 has an arc-shaped structure, allowing it to swing left and right to adjust the tilt angle. The upper end of the leveling base 5 is equipped with a slide rail 503 and a placement plate 504 for placing and fixing the sample. The placement plate 504 is fixedly connected to the center of the slide rail 503. The slide rail 503 has four diagonally distributed openings, each with a fixing block 9 installed on it. The fixing block 9 consists of an "L"-shaped screw, a matching nut, and a rubber washer. When the nut is not tightened, the fixing block 9 can slide and adjust its position on the opening of the slide rail 503. By adjusting the relative position of the rubber washer and the screw, as well as the position of the fixing block 9 on the slide rail 503, samples of different thicknesses and shapes can be fixed on the slide rail 503. Different sizes of rubber washers can be replaced according to the actual measurement situation.

[0044] The positioning knob 501 has a central opening with threads; the positioning rod 502 has threads at its front end, and its size and thread distribution match those of the positioning knob 501; the end dimension of the positioning rod 502 is larger than the rod body dimension; the positioning knob 501 is located outside the observation box and is connected to the extended portion of the positioning rod 502 via internal and external threads; when the positioning knob 501 is rotated, the length of the extended portion of the positioning rod 502 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the position of the end of the positioning rod 502; when the positioning knob 501 can no longer be rotated, the end of the internal positioning rod 502 will tightly fix the leveling base 5, at which point the leveling base 5 remains stable and stationary;

[0045] The measuring box has an opening on its front side, the width of which is the same as the cross-sectional diameter of the positioning rod 502, ensuring that the positioning rod 502 and the positioning knob 501 can move up and down.

[0046] The adjusting platform 6 includes a height adjustment knob 601 and a support platform 602. The height adjustment knob 601, by rotating, drives the internal gears of the support platform 602 to move, thereby adjusting the height of the support platform 602. The lower end of the support platform 602 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the measuring chamber. The upper end of the support platform 602 has an arc-shaped bottom. The front and rear sides of the leveling sleeve are flush with the interior of the upper end of the support platform 602, and can be swung left and right to adjust the tilt angle, facilitating leveling of the sample being tested. A portion of space is left in the rear part of the upper end of the support platform 602 to facilitate the forward and backward movement of the positioning rod 502.

[0047] like Figure 7 As shown, when the sample being tested is thin, the sample is placed under the rubber gasket of the fixing block 9 for fixation.

[0048] like Figure 8 As shown, when the sample to be tested has a certain thickness, the sample to be tested is placed on the side of the rubber gasket of the fixing block 9 for fixing.

[0049] The fixed connection is welding;

[0050] The number of fixing blocks 9 is the same as the number of openings in the slide rail plate 503, both being four.

[0051] The pressure head 201, observation objective lens 202, measuring mirror 203, and observation screen 204 are all commercially available products, and their size and function are sufficient to meet the measurement requirements.

[0052] Use of the mechanical measuring device of the present invention:

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Step 1: Apply this device to the Vickers hardness measurement work of a certain synthetic materials research and development department, check the installation and use of each component of the device to ensure that it can be used normally and can be switched on and off; rotate the height adjustment knob 601, and under the action of the adjustment table 6, the leveling sleeve will be exposed between the two partitions 3 to facilitate the placement of the sample.

[0055] Step 2: Cut, slice, or process the sample to be measured into the required size. Place the processed sample on the placement plate 504 and slide to adjust the position of the four fixing blocks 9. After the position is determined, tighten the matching nuts to fix the fixing blocks 9 and keep the sample to be measured stable.

[0056] Step 3: Rotate the height adjustment knob 601 to lower the adjustment platform 6, pull out the telescopic plate 4, and then raise the adjustment platform 6 so that the sample surface and the long and thin telescopic plate 4 are pressed against each other. At this time, the sample will automatically level under the pressure of the telescopic plate 4. At the same time, the leveling sleeve will swing to the left or right with the sample for a certain range and then stabilize. Turn the positioning knob 501 inward until it can no longer be turned. The end of the internal positioning rod 502 will tightly fix the leveling base 5 and the adjustment platform 6. The leveling is completed, and the total time is 4 minutes. Retract the telescopic plate 4 and adjust the height of the adjustment platform 6 until the sample is in a suitable position, and wait for the next measurement work.

[0057] Step 4: Connect the external power supply 7. Set the force and length of the indenter 201 using the turntable 206 and operation panel 205. Adjust the positions of the observation objective lens 202 and measuring lens 203. Observe the image displayed on the observation screen 204. Fine-tune the sample height or the indenter 201, observation objective lens 202, and measuring lens 203 to a suitable position. The measurement begins. The indenter 201 moves downward and presses the diamond indenter 201 into the surface of the sample with the set force. After holding for 10-15 seconds, the measuring lens 203 measures the diagonal length of the indentation. Finally, the Vickers hardness of the sample is calculated using the formula. Multiple measurements are performed, each taking 15-17 minutes.

[0058] Comparative Example 2: Steps for using an existing Vickers hardness measuring device for clamp-type fixed components:

[0059] Step 1: Apply this device to the Vickers hardness measurement work of a certain synthetic materials research and development department, check the installation and use of each component of the device, and ensure that it can be used and switched on normally;

[0060] Step 2: Place the prepared sample on the test tray and fix it with the clamp-type fixing component. During fixing, it can be observed that the sheet-like sample has slight wrinkles and cannot be kept horizontal because the clamping force cannot be adjusted. The sample is difficult to level.

[0061] Step 3: Adjust the indenter to be above the sample to be tested, press the switch, the indenter moves downward and presses the diamond indenter into the surface of the sample to be tested with the set force, hold for 10s-15s, the measuring device measures and records the diagonal length of the indentation, and finally uses the formula to calculate the Vickers hardness of the sample to be tested.

[0062] Step 4: After multiple measurements, the results differed significantly, making it impossible to quickly determine the most accurate measurement result.

[0063] Comparative Example 3: Procedure for using an existing Vickers hardness measuring device:

[0064] Step 1: Apply this device to the Vickers hardness measurement work of a certain synthetic materials research and development department, check the installation and use of each component of the device, and ensure that it can be used and switched on normally;

[0065] Step 2: Place the prepared sample on the test plate, fix the sample in place using the fixing component, start the leveling component, and after a series of steps such as adjusting the position of the sample, fixing, comparing the level, checking the leveling result and fine-tuning again, the sample is leveled, which takes 15 minutes. The leveling is then completed and ready to enter the measurement stage.

[0066] Step 3: Adjust the indenter to be above the sample to be tested, press the switch, the indenter moves downward and presses the diamond indenter into the surface of the sample to be tested with the set force, hold for 10s-15s, the measuring device measures and records the diagonal length of the indentation, and finally uses the formula to calculate the Vickers hardness of the sample to be tested.

[0067] Step 4 involves multiple measurements, each lasting 20 to 35 minutes. If internal parts are damaged or the sensitivity of the leveling components decreases, subsequent repairs will be time-consuming and laborious.

[0068] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that the mechanical measuring device and method of the present invention can better control the fixing force and position when fixing different types of test samples. While fixing the sample, it can hardly cause the sample to deform or be damaged, and the measurement results can be more accurate.

[0069] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that the mechanical measuring device and method of the present invention can achieve rapid leveling during leveling, saving time for preparation work before measurement, and the structure of the core components is simpler, reducing costs while achieving efficient leveling.

[0070] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A mechanical measuring device, characterized in that, The measuring box includes a measuring housing, support feet (1), an observation kit (2), a leveling kit, an adjustment platform (6), an external power supply (7), and an inspection window (8). Two partitions (3) are fixedly installed in the middle of the measuring housing. There is a certain distance between the two partitions (3). A telescopic plate (4) is installed above the space between the two partitions (3), and part of the plate can be manually extended or retracted during use. The telescopic plate (4) is slender and always remains horizontal. Each of the four corners at the bottom of the measuring housing has a support foot (1). The support foot (1) is height adjustable to accommodate different measurement environments; the observation kit (2) is located in the upper part of the measurement box; the leveling kit is located inside the lower part of the measurement box; the adjustment platform (6) is located inside the lower part of the measurement box; the leveling kit is placed inside the upper end of the adjustment platform (6), with some components exposed; the external power supply (7) is located at the bottom rear side of the measurement box; the inspection window (8) is located below the front of the measurement box, making it easy to open for inspection or replacement of parts during later maintenance. The leveling kit includes a leveling base (5), a fixing block (9), a positioning knob (501), and a positioning rod (502); the bottom of the leveling base (5) is an arc-shaped structure, which allows the leveling base (5) to swing left and right to adjust the tilt angle; the upper end of the leveling base (5) is provided with a slide rail plate (503) and a placement plate (504) for placing and fixing the sample to be tested; the placement plate (504) is fixedly connected to the center position of the slide rail plate (503); the slide rail plate (503) has four openings distributed diagonally, and a set of fixing blocks (9) is installed on each of the four openings; The fixing block (9) consists of an "L"-shaped screw, a matching nut, and a rubber washer. When the nut is not tightened, the fixing block (9) can slide and adjust its position on the opening of the slide rail plate (503). By adjusting the relative position of the rubber washer and the screw, as well as the position of the fixing block (9) on the slide rail plate (503), it can be ensured that test samples of different thicknesses and shapes can be fixed on the slide rail plate (503). Different sizes of rubber washers can be replaced according to the actual measurement situation. The adjustment platform (6) includes a height adjustment knob (601) and a support platform (602). The height adjustment knob (601) rotates to drive the internal gears of the support platform (602) to move, thereby adjusting the height of the support platform (602). The lower end of the support platform (602) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the measuring box. The upper end of the support platform (602) has an arc-shaped bottom. The front and rear sides of the leveling sleeve are close to the upper end of the support platform (602), and the tilt angle can be adjusted by swinging left and right to facilitate leveling of the sample being tested. The rear part of the upper end of the support platform (602) has some space to facilitate the forward and backward movement of the positioning rod (502). The positioning knob (501) has an opening in the middle with threads; the front end of the positioning rod (502) has threads, and its size and thread distribution match the positioning knob (501); the end size of the positioning rod (502) is larger than the rod body size; the positioning knob (501) is located outside the observation box and is connected to the extended part of the positioning rod (502) through internal and external thread engagement; when the positioning knob (501) is rotated, the length of the extended positioning rod (502) can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the position of the end of the positioning rod (502); when the positioning knob (501) is rotated to the point where it cannot be rotated any further, the end of the internal positioning rod (502) will tightly fix the leveling base (5), at which time the leveling base (5) remains stable and stationary; The observation kit (2) includes a turntable (206), a pressure head (201), an observation objective (202), a measuring mirror (203), an observation screen (204), and an operation panel (205); the turntable (206) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the operation panel extending from the upper part of the measuring box, and can be rotated during actual use to change the observation orientation; The observation objective (202), pressure head (201), and measuring mirror (203) are fixedly connected to the upper turntable (206) in a left-to-right arrangement, with the pressure head (201) located in the center. During actual measurement, rotating the turntable (206) will only move the observation objective (202) and measuring mirror (203), while the pressure head (201) remains stationary. The pressure head (201), observation objective (202), and measuring mirror (203) are all telescopic structures. The pressure head (201) is equipped with a motor. The observation objective (202) is used to observe the position of each component within the measurement working range, facilitating fine-tuning. The measuring mirror (203)... The observation screen (204) is used to measure the values ​​required for subsequent calculations. The observation screen (204) can observe the images sent by the observation objective (202) and the various values ​​measured by the measuring mirror (203) in real time. The operation button on the operation panel (205) can control the length and force of the pressure head (201), and the specific value of the force is fed back to the observation screen (204). The operation button on the operation panel (205) can control the length and angle of the observation objective (202) and the measuring mirror (203). The operation panel (205) is equipped with a circuit board for signal transmission and reception. The observation kit (2) is connected to the external power supply (7) through the internal circuit.

2. The mechanical measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed connection is achieved by welding, bonding, or integral molding; The number of fixed blocks (9) is consistent with the opening of the slide rail plate (503), with a minimum of three.

3. The mechanical measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed connection is welding; The number of fixed blocks (9) is the same as the number of openings in the slide rail plate (503), both being four; The pressure head (201), observation objective (202), measuring mirror (203), and observation screen (204) are all commercially available products, and their size and function are sufficient to meet the measurement requirements.

4. The method for measuring Vickers hardness using a mechanical measuring device as described in claim 1. Its features are, Includes the following steps: Step (1): Check the installation and use of each component of the device to ensure that it can be used and switched on and off normally; rotate the height adjustment knob (601) to expose the leveling sleeve between the two partitions (3) for easy sample placement; Step (2): Place the sample on the placement plate (504), slide and adjust the position of the four fixing blocks (9), and tighten the matching nuts after the position is determined to fix the fixing blocks (9) and keep the sample under test stable. Step (3): Lower the adjustment platform (6), pull out the telescopic plate (4), and raise the adjustment platform (6) so that the sample surface is against the long and thin telescopic plate (4). The sample will automatically level under the pressure of the telescopic plate (4). At the same time, the leveling sleeve will tilt to the left or right with the sample. Turn the positioning knob (501) until it cannot be turned. Fix the leveling base (5) tightly to the adjustment platform (6). Retract the telescopic plate (4) and adjust the height of the adjustment platform (6) until the sample is in a suitable position. Step (4): Connect the external power supply (7), set the force and length of the indenter (201) through the turntable (206) and the operation panel (205), adjust the position of the observation objective (202) and the measuring mirror (203), and fine-tune the sample height or the indenter (201), observation objective (202), and measuring mirror (203) based on the observation image displayed on the observation screen (204). During the measurement, the indenter (201) moves downward and presses the diamond indenter (201) into the surface of the sample to be tested with the set force. After holding for 10s-15s, the measuring mirror (203) measures the diagonal length of the indentation. Finally, the Vickers hardness of the sample to be tested is calculated using the formula.

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