Energy supply system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an energy supply system and method. The energy supply system includes a heating component, a liquid storage tank, and a cooling component. The heating component includes a first compression unit and a heat storage unit. The first compression unit is used for gas compression. The heat storage unit is connected to the first compression unit and is used to recover and store the heat in the compressed gas flowing out of the first compression unit, or to transfer the heat to the user and cool the compressed gas to a liquid state. The liquid storage tank is connected to the heat storage unit to store the liquid flowing out of the heat storage unit. The cooling component includes an evaporation unit and an expansion power generation unit. The evaporation unit is connected to the liquid storage tank and is used to recover and transfer the cold energy in the liquid flowing out of the liquid storage tank to the user and to evaporate the liquid into a gas state. The expansion power generation unit is connected to the evaporation unit so that the gas in the evaporation unit flows into the expansion power generation unit. The energy supply system of this invention has the advantages of simple structure and high cold storage efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy utilization technology, and specifically to an energy supply system and method. Background Technology

[0002] There are various energy storage methods, which can be divided into two main categories: sensible heat storage and latent heat storage. Specific storage media include water, ice, eutectic salts, and gas hydrates.

[0003] Among related technologies, the temperature regulation range of energy storage is small and cannot meet actual needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention is based on the inventor's discoveries and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0005] Among the relevant technologies, the main energy storage methods are water energy storage and ice energy storage. Water energy storage has problems such as low energy storage density, large footprint, large cold loss, and troublesome waterproofing and insulation. Ice energy storage has problems such as the need to reach a cooling temperature of -10℃ to -5℃, reduced performance of the refrigeration compressor system, high energy consumption, and complex power supply system structure, which is technically difficult. Eutectic salt cold storage has high cost and is rarely used. Gas hydrate cold storage is an emerging cold storage technology, but it is not yet mature and is still in the research stage. The common problem of the above energy storage media is that the cold storage temperature adjustment range is very small and it is difficult to meet the cold storage temperature requirements of tens of degrees below zero or tens of degrees above zero.

[0006] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of the present invention propose an energy supply system with a wide adjustment range that meets practical needs.

[0007] This invention proposes a simple and low-cost energy supply method.

[0008] The energy supply system of this invention includes: a heating component, which includes a first compression unit and a heat storage unit. The first compression unit is used for gas compression, and the heat storage unit is connected to the first compression unit for recovering heat from the compressed gas flowing out of the first compression unit and storing or transferring heat to the user, and cooling the compressed gas to a liquid state; a liquid storage tank, which is connected to the heat storage unit to store liquid flowing out of the heat storage unit; and a cooling component, which includes an evaporation unit and an expansion power generation unit. The evaporation unit is connected to the liquid storage tank for recovering cold energy from the liquid flowing out of the liquid storage tank and transferring cold energy to the user, and evaporating the liquid to a gas state. The expansion power generation unit is connected to the expansion power generation unit so that gas from the evaporation unit flows into the expansion power generation unit. The energy supply system has a first state and a second state. In the first state, which is a valley electricity period, the first compression unit and the heat storage unit operate. In the second state, which is a peak electricity period, the evaporation unit and the expansion power generation unit operate.

[0009] The energy supply system of this invention includes a heating component and a cooling component to provide users with cold and heat energy. The pressure of the gas (e.g., carbon dioxide) is adjusted by the first compression unit in the heating component, thereby regulating the saturation temperature of the gas and thus the required cold storage temperature. This achieves a cold storage temperature range from -55°C to 15°C, improving the cold storage temperature regulation range of the energy supply system and meeting the cold storage temperature requirements of tens of degrees below zero or tens of degrees above zero.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power supply system further includes: a first cooler, one end of which is connected to the heat storage unit for cooling the liquid flowing out of the heat storage unit; and a first throttle valve, both ends of which are connected to the first cooler and the liquid storage tank respectively, so that the liquid flowing out of the first cooler flows into the liquid storage tank after being throttled and depressurized by the first throttle valve.

[0011] In some embodiments, the power supply system further includes: a gas-liquid separator having an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet; the inlet of the gas-liquid separator being connected to the first throttle valve for separating gas from liquid flowing out of the first throttle valve; the first outlet of the gas-liquid separator being connected to the liquid storage tank so that liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator flows into the liquid storage tank; and a second compression unit having one end connected to the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator for compressing gas flowing out of the gas-liquid separator to a preset value; and the other end of the second compression unit being connected to the inlet of the first cooler so that gas compressed by the second compression unit flows into the first cooler.

[0012] In some embodiments, the power supply system further includes: a third compression unit, which may share the same equipment as the second compression unit, one end of which is connected to the evaporation unit to compress the gas flowing out of the evaporation unit to a preset value; and a second cooler, which may share the same equipment as the first cooler, one end of which is connected to the third compression unit to allow the gas compressed by the third compression unit to flow into the second cooler, and the other end of which is connected to the evaporation unit to allow the gas flowing out of the second cooler to flow into the evaporation unit.

[0013] In some embodiments, the power supply system further includes a second throttle valve, which may share the same device as the first throttle valve. The two ends of the second throttle valve are respectively connected to the second cooler and the expansion power generation unit, so that the liquid flowing out of the second cooler flows into the expansion power generation unit through the second throttle valve.

[0014] In some embodiments, the energy supply system further includes a gas storage tank adapted to store gas. One end of the gas storage tank is connected to the first compression unit so that gas flowing out of the gas storage tank flows into the first compression unit, and the other end of the gas storage tank is connected to the expansion power generation unit so that gas expanded by the expansion power generation unit flows into the gas storage tank.

[0015] In some embodiments, the heating assembly includes a first heating assembly, a second heating assembly, a third heating assembly, and a fourth heating assembly. Each of the first heating assembly, the second heating assembly, the third heating assembly, and the fourth heating assembly includes a first compression unit and a heat storage unit connected in sequence. The heat storage unit of the first heating assembly is connected to the first compression unit of the second heating assembly, the heat storage unit of the second heating assembly is connected to the first compression unit of the third heating assembly, the heat storage unit of the third heating assembly is connected to the first compression unit of the fourth heating assembly, and the heat storage unit of the fourth heating assembly is connected to the liquid storage tank. The expansion power generation unit includes a first expansion power generation unit, a second expansion power generation unit, and a third expansion power generation unit connected in sequence. The first expansion power generation unit is connected to the evaporation unit so that liquid flowing out of the evaporation unit flows into the first expansion power generation unit.

[0016] In some embodiments, the evaporation unit, the heat storage unit of the third heating component, the heat storage unit of the fourth heating component, and the first expansion power generation unit are connected in sequence so that the gas flowing out of the evaporation unit is heated by the heat storage unit of the third heating component and the heat storage unit of the fourth heating component and flows into the first expansion power generation unit.

[0017] In some embodiments, the heat storage unit of the second heating component is connected to the first expansion power generation unit and the second expansion power generation unit respectively, so that the gas flowing out of the first expansion power generation unit is heated by the heat storage unit of the second heating component and flows into the second expansion power generation unit. The heat storage unit of the third heating component is connected to the second expansion power generation unit and the third expansion power generation unit respectively, so that the gas flowing out of the second expansion power generation unit is heated by the heat storage unit of the second heating component and flows into the third expansion power generation unit.

[0018] The energy supply method of this invention is characterized by comprising: S1: compressing gas to a preset pressure during off-peak hours; S2: recovering heat from the compressed gas and cooling the cooled compressed gas into a liquid; S3: recovering cold energy from the liquid and vaporizing the liquid during peak hours; S4: generating electricity using the vaporized gas; S5: using the generated electricity to drive the energy supply system for cooling or to supply power to external systems. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first state of the power supply system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the energy supply system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] Energy supply system 100;

[0023] Heating component 1; First compression unit 11; Heat storage unit 12; First heating component 13; Second heating component 14; Third heating component 15; Fourth heating component 16;

[0024] Storage tank 2;

[0025] Refrigeration component 3; Evaporation unit 31; Expansion power generation unit 32; First expansion power generation unit 33; Second expansion power generation unit 34; Third expansion power generation unit 35;

[0026] First cooler 4; First throttle valve 5; Gas-liquid separator 6; Second compression unit 7; Third compression unit 8; Second cooler 9; Second throttle valve 10; Gas storage tank 101; Pump 102; Detailed Implementation

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] The energy supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the energy supply system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heating component 1, a liquid storage tank 2, and a cooling component 3.

[0030] The heating assembly 1 includes a first compression unit 11 and a heat storage unit 12. The first compression unit 11 is used for gas compression, and the heat storage unit 12 is connected to the first compression unit 11 and is used to recover the heat in the compressed gas flowing out of the first compression unit 11 and store or transfer the heat to the user, and to cool the compressed gas to a liquid state. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the first compression unit 11 is a compressor, the heat storage unit 12 is a heat storage device, the gas is carbon dioxide, the outlet of the first compression unit 11 is connected to the inlet of the heat storage unit 12, the first compression unit 11 compresses the gas at normal pressure and temperature to a preset value, and then the compressed gas flows into the heat storage unit 12, the heat storage unit 12 recovers the heat of the compressed gas and stores or transports the recovered heat to the user end to provide heating to the user, and at the same time, the compressed gas is cooled to a liquid state.

[0031] The liquid storage tank 2 is connected to the heat storage unit 12 to store the liquid flowing out of the heat storage unit 12. Specifically, as shown in the example... Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the liquid storage tank 2 is connected to the outlet of the heat storage unit 12, so that the liquid flowing out of the heat storage unit 12 flows into the liquid storage tank 2, thereby storing the liquid through the liquid storage tank 2.

[0032] The refrigeration assembly 3 includes an evaporation unit 31 and an expansion power generation unit 32. The evaporation unit 31 is connected to the liquid storage tank 2 and is used to recover the cooling energy in the liquid flowing out of the liquid storage tank 2 and transfer the cooling energy to the user, while also causing the liquid to evaporate into gas. The expansion power generation unit 32 is connected to the evaporation unit 31 so that the gas in the evaporation unit 31 flows into the expansion power generation unit 32. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the evaporation unit 31 is an evaporator, and the expansion power generation unit 32 is an expansion generator. The inlet of the evaporation unit 31 is connected to the outlet of the liquid storage tank 2, and the outlet of the evaporation unit 31 is connected to the inlet of the expansion power generation unit 32. The liquid in the liquid storage tank 2 is transported to the evaporation unit 31 by the pump 102 so that the evaporation unit 31 can evaporate and vaporize the liquid to recover the cold energy in the liquid. The recovered cold energy is then transported to the user for cooling. The gas flowing out of the evaporation unit 31 flows into the expansion power generation unit 32, so that the expansion power generation unit 32 can use the gas to expand and generate electricity.

[0033] The energy supply system 100 has a first state and a second state. In the first state, which is the off-peak electricity period, the first compression unit 11 and the heat storage unit 12 are working. In the second state, which is the peak electricity period, the evaporation unit 31 and the expansion power generation unit 32 are working. Thus, the energy supply system 100 also has the function of power energy storage, helping the power grid to smooth out peak and valley loads.

[0034] The energy supply system 100 of this embodiment of the invention is provided with a first compression unit 11 and a heat storage unit 12 to compress the gas to a preset value and absorb the temperature after compression through the heat storage unit 12. An evaporation unit 31 and an expansion power generation unit 32 are provided to expand the liquefied gas to generate electricity and absorb the cold energy in the expansion through the evaporation unit 31, thereby providing cold energy to users. By adjusting the preset value of gas compression, the temperature regulation range of the energy supply system 100 is improved to meet the daily cold and heat energy needs of users. In addition, the gas (e.g., carbon dioxide) is used as a cold storage material and a heat storage material. The pressure of the gas can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the gas through the first compression unit 11 to adjust its corresponding saturation temperature, thereby adjusting the required cold storage temperature to achieve a cold storage temperature range from -55°C to 15°C, thereby meeting the user's cold storage temperature requirements of tens of degrees below zero or tens of degrees above zero. The energy quality is matched, and the efficiency of cold and heat storage is improved.

[0035] Since the gas-liquid phase transition temperature of carbon dioxide can be controlled within a preset temperature range (e.g., -50 degrees, -20 degrees, 0 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, etc.), other gases (excluding toxic gases), such as nitrogen and air, have too low a gas-liquid phase transition temperature, which is below -100 degrees, and the difference from the required temperature range is too large. This is technically difficult and uneconomical. Therefore, carbon dioxide is the preferred gas.

[0036] In some embodiments, the power supply system 100 further includes a first cooler 4 and a first throttle valve 5.

[0037] One end of the first cooler 4 is connected to the heat storage unit 12 and is used to cool the liquid flowing out of the heat storage unit 12. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the first cooler 4 is connected to the outlet of the heat storage unit 12. The liquid cooled by the heat storage unit 12 flows into the first cooler 4, thereby further cooling the cooled liquid through the first cooler 4, so that the liquid passing through the heat storage unit 12 is further cooled and liquefied.

[0038] The two ends of the first throttle valve 5 are connected to the first cooler 4 and the liquid storage tank 2 respectively, so that the liquid flowing out of the first cooler 4 flows into the liquid storage tank 2 through the first throttle valve 5. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figure 1As shown, the inlet of the first throttle valve 5 is connected to the outlet of the first cooler 4, and the outlet of the first throttle valve 5 is connected to the liquid storage tank 2. Thus, the liquid cooled by the first cooler 4 flows into the first throttle valve 5, and the liquid is throttled and depressurized to a preset value by the first throttle valve 5 before flowing into the liquid storage tank 2.

[0039] Since the liquid flowing out from the first throttle valve 5 contains unliquefied gas, in some embodiments, the power supply system 100 also includes a gas-liquid separator 6 and a second compression unit 7.

[0040] The gas-liquid separator 6 has an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The inlet of the gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to a first throttle valve 5 to separate gas from the liquid flowing out of the first throttle valve 5. The first outlet of the gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to a liquid storage tank 2 so that the liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator 6 flows into the liquid storage tank 2. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the first outlet of the gas-liquid separator 6 is the liquid outlet, the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator 6 is the gas outlet, and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to the outlet of the first throttle valve 5, so that the throttled and depressurized liquid flows into the gas-liquid separator 6.

[0041] One end of the second compression unit 7 is connected to the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator 6 to compress the gas flowing out of the gas-liquid separator 6 to a preset value. The other end of the second compression unit 7 is connected to the inlet of the first cooler 4 so that the gas compressed by the second compression unit 7 flows into the first cooler 4. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the second compression unit 7 is a circulating compressor. The outlet of the second compression unit 7 is connected to the inlet of the first cooler 4. The inlet of the second compression unit 7 is connected to the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator 6. The gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 6 is compressed to a preset value by the second compression unit 7 and flows into the first cooler 4 so as to liquefy the unliquefied gas.

[0042] In some embodiments, the power supply system 100 further includes a third compression unit 8 (which shares the same device as the second compression unit 7) and a second cooler 9 (which shares the same device as the first cooler 4).

[0043] One end of the third compression unit 8 is connected to the evaporation unit 31 to compress the gas flowing out of the evaporation unit 31 to a preset value. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figure 2 As shown, the third compression unit 8 is a circulating compressor. The inlet of the third compression unit 8 is connected to the outlet of the evaporation unit 31, so that a portion of the gas from the evaporation unit 31 flows into the third compression unit 8 and is compressed to a preset value by the third compression unit 8.

[0044] One end of the second cooler 9 is connected to the third compression unit 8, used to cool the gas compressed by the third compression unit 8 to a liquid state. The other end of the second cooler 9 is connected to the evaporation unit 31, so that the liquid cooled by the second cooler 9 flows into the evaporation unit 31. Specifically, as... Figure 2 As shown, the inlet of the second cooler 9 is connected to the outlet of the third compression unit 8, and the outlet of the second cooler 9 is connected to the inlet of the evaporation unit 31. This allows a portion of the gas flowing out of the evaporation unit 31 to be compressed and then flow into the second cooler 9 for liquefaction to form a liquid. The liquid flowing out of the second cooler 9 then flows back into the evaporation unit 31 for vaporization, thereby enabling the evaporation unit 31 to obtain more cooling capacity. In other words, a portion of the gas flowing out of the evaporation unit 31 is compressed as a refrigerant to obtain cooling capacity in the second cooler 9 and releases cooling capacity in the evaporation unit 31, thereby enabling the power supply system 100 to continuously generate cooling capacity.

[0045] In some embodiments, the power supply system 100 further includes a second throttle valve 10 (sharing the same device as the first throttle valve 5), the two ends of which are connected to the second cooler 9 and the evaporation unit 31, respectively, so that liquid flowing out of the second cooler 9 flows into the evaporation unit 31 through the second throttle valve 10. Specifically, as Figure 2 As shown, the inlet of the second throttle valve 10 is connected to the outlet of the second cooler 9, and the outlet of the second throttle valve 10 is connected to the inlet of the evaporation unit 31. The second cooler 9 cools the incoming gas to liquid and then it flows into the second throttle valve 10. When the pressure is reduced to a preset value by the second throttle valve 10, it flows into the evaporation unit 31 for vaporization. Thus, the pressure of the liquid flowing out of the second cooler 9 is reduced by the second throttle valve 10, preventing the liquid pressure from the second cooler 9 from being too high and damaging the evaporation unit 31, thereby improving the service life of the evaporation unit 31.

[0046] In some embodiments, the power supply system 100 further includes a gas storage tank 101, which is adapted to store gas. One end of the gas storage tank 101 is connected to a first compression unit 11 so that gas flowing out of the gas storage tank 101 flows into the first compression unit 11. The other end of the gas storage tank 101 is connected to an expansion power generation unit 32 so that gas expanded by the expansion power generation unit 32 flows into the gas storage tank 101. Specifically, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the gas storage tank 101 is an atmospheric pressure flexible gas membrane or gas holder gas storage tank, and the pressure of the gas storage tank 101 can be greater than or equal to atmospheric pressure. The inlet of the gas storage tank 101 is connected to the outlet of the expansion power generation unit 32, and the outlet of the gas storage tank 101 is connected to the inlet of the first compression unit 11. Thus, the gas storage tank 101 stores the gas flowing out of the expansion power generation unit 32 and supplies gas to the first compression unit 11, thereby making the energy supply system 100 more rationally configured, enabling gas recycling, and reducing the operating cost of the energy supply system 100. Specifically,

[0047] In some embodiments, the heating assembly 1 includes a first heating assembly 13, a second heating assembly 14, a third heating assembly 15, and a fourth heating assembly 16. Each of the first heating assembly 13, the second heating assembly 14, the third heating assembly 15, and the fourth heating assembly 16 includes a first compression unit 11 and a heat storage unit 12 connected in sequence. The heat storage unit 12 of the first heating assembly 13 is connected to the first compression unit 11 of the second heating assembly 14; the heat storage unit 12 of the second heating assembly 14 is connected to the first compression unit 11 of the third heating assembly 15; the heat storage unit 12 of the third heating assembly 15 is connected to the first compression unit 11 of the fourth heating assembly 16; and the heat storage unit 12 of the fourth heating assembly 16 is connected to the liquid storage tank 2. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the first compression unit 11 of the first heating component 13 is connected to the outlet of the gas storage tank 101; the outlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the first heating component 13 is connected to the inlet of the first compression unit 11 of the second heating component 14; the outlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the second heating component 14 is connected to the inlet of the first compression unit 11 of the third heating component 15; and the outlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the third heating component 15 is connected to the inlet of the first compression unit 11 of the fourth heating component 16. Thus, the gas flowing out of the gas storage tank 101 flows sequentially into the first heating component 13, the second heating component 14, the third heating component 15, and the fourth heating component 16 for compression and cooling. Through multiple compressions, the gas is compressed to a preset value, and the heat generated after compression is fully utilized during the compression process.

[0048] In some embodiments, the expansion power generation unit 32 includes a first expansion power generation unit 33, a second expansion power generation unit 34, and a third expansion power generation unit 35 connected in sequence. The first expansion power generation unit 33 is connected to the evaporation unit 31 so that liquid flowing out of the evaporation unit 31 flows into the first expansion power generation unit 33. Specifically, as Figure 2 As shown, the inlet of the first expansion power generation unit 33 is connected to the outlet of the evaporation unit 31, the outlet of the first expansion power generation unit 33 is connected to the inlet of the second expansion power generation unit 34, the outlet of the second expansion power generation unit 34 is connected to the inlet of the third expansion power generation unit 35, and the outlet of the third expansion power generation unit 35 is connected to the inlet of the gas storage tank 101. This allows the first expansion power generation unit 33, the second expansion power generation unit 34, and the third expansion power generation unit 35 to expand the gas in stages to generate electricity, thereby coordinating with the staged compression so that the heat during compression can be fully utilized during the expansion process. When the gas is expanded in one go, and the gas is carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide working fluid cools down rapidly, which will produce dry ice and affect the operation.

[0049] In some embodiments, the evaporation unit 31, the heat storage unit 12 of the third heating assembly 15, the heat storage unit 12 of the fourth heating assembly 16, and the first expansion power generation unit 33 are sequentially connected so that the gas flowing out of the evaporation unit 31 is heated by the heat storage units 12 of the third heating assembly 15 and the fourth heating assembly 16 and then flows into the first expansion power generation unit 33. Specifically, as Figure 1 As shown, the outlet of the evaporation unit 31 is connected to the inlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the third heating component 15, the outlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the third heating component 15 is connected to the inlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the fourth heating component 16, and the outlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the fourth heating component 16 is connected to the inlet of the first expansion power generation unit 33. Thus, the gas flowing out of the evaporation unit 31 is reheated to a preset value through the heat storage units 12 of the third heating component 15 and the fourth heating component 16 and then flows into the first expansion power generation unit 33 to generate electricity, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the first expansion power generation unit 33.

[0050] The heat storage unit 12 of the second heating component 14 is connected to the first expansion power generation unit 33 and the second expansion power generation unit 34 respectively, so that the gas flowing out of the first expansion power generation unit 33 is heated by the heat storage unit 12 of the second heating component 14 and flows into the second expansion power generation unit 34. The heat storage unit 12 of the third heating component 15 is connected to the second expansion power generation unit 34 and the third expansion power generation unit 35 respectively, so that the gas flowing out of the second expansion power generation unit 34 is heated by the heat storage unit 12 of the second heating component 14 and flows into the third expansion power generation unit 35.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the inlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the second heating component 14 is connected to the outlet of the first expansion power generation unit 33, and the outlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the second heating component 14 is connected to the inlet of the second expansion power generation unit 34. Thus, the gas flowing out of the first expansion unit can be reheated to a preset value through the heat storage unit 12 of the second heating component 14 and then flows into the second expansion power generation unit 34 to generate electricity. The inlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the third heating component 15 is connected to the outlet of the second expansion power generation unit 34, and the outlet of the heat storage unit 12 of the third heating component 15 is connected to the inlet of the third expansion power generation unit 35. Thus, the gas flowing out of the second expansion unit can be reheated to a preset value through the heat storage unit 12 of the third heating component 15 and then flows into the second expansion power generation unit 34 to generate electricity, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the second expansion power generation unit 34 and the third expansion power generation unit 35. In addition, since the intake pressures of the first expansion power generation unit 33, the second expansion power generation unit 34 and the third expansion power generation unit 35 are different, the corresponding arrangement of the expansion power generation unit 32 and the heat storage unit 12 of the heating component 1 can make the pressure-bearing capacity of the heat storage unit 12 of the heating component 1 more matched with the intake pressure, thereby making the energy supply system 100 more reasonably set up.

[0052] In some embodiments, the heat storage unit 12 is a heat accumulator containing a heat storage medium, which can be water, heat transfer oil, or a solid heat storage medium. This makes the arrangement of the heat storage unit 12 more reasonable.

[0053] The working process of the power supply system 100 in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0054] During off-peak electricity hours at night, the energy supply system 100 is in its first state. The gas storage tank 101 releases gaseous carbon dioxide at normal pressure and temperature. This gas is then compressed to 0.45 MPa / 155°C by the first compression unit 11 of the first heating component 13. The heat from the exhaust gas from the first compression unit 11 is recovered and stored by the heat storage unit 12 of the first heating component 13, causing the carbon dioxide to cool to 40°C. The carbon dioxide is then compressed to 1.4 MPa / 155°C by the first compression unit 11 of the second heating component 14. The heat from the exhaust gas from the first compression unit 11 of the second heating component 14 is then recovered and stored by the heat storage unit 12 of the second heating component 14. The first compression unit 11 exhausts heat, and the carbon dioxide is cooled to 40°C. Then, it passes through the first compression unit 11 of the third heating component 15, compressing the carbon dioxide to 4.2MPa / 155°C. The heat storage unit 12 of the third heating component 15 recovers and stores the exhaust heat of the first compression unit 11, and the carbon dioxide is cooled to 40°C. Then, it passes through the first compression unit 11 of the fourth heating component 16, compressing the carbon dioxide to 7.3MPa / 90°C. The heat storage unit 12 of the fourth heating component 16 recovers and stores the exhaust heat of the first compression unit 11, and the carbon dioxide is cooled to 40°C. High-pressure carbon dioxide at 7.2 MPa exiting the heat storage unit 12 of the fourth heating component 16 enters the carbon dioxide refrigeration circuit (i.e., the high-pressure carbon dioxide at 7.2 MPa exiting the heat storage unit 12 of the fourth heating component 16 merges with the carbon dioxide from the second compression unit 7, is condensed into a liquid state at 30°C by the second cooler 9, then throttled and depressurized to 4 MPa / 5.3°C by the first throttling valve 5, and then separated into gaseous and liquid carbon dioxide by the gas-liquid separator 6. The liquid carbon dioxide is pumped to the storage tank 2 by the pump 102, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is pressurized to 7.2 MPa by the second compression unit 7 before entering the carbon dioxide refrigeration circuit again). Through the above process, the transformation of gaseous carbon dioxide at normal pressure and temperature into high-pressure, low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide is completed.

[0055] During peak electricity hours in the daytime, the power supply system 100 is in the second state. The storage tank 2 releases high-pressure, low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide, which is then pumped by pump 102 to the evaporation unit 31 for vaporization. The cooling capacity of 6°C is released to the user. A stream of 4MPa gaseous carbon dioxide is reheated to 145°C by the heat storage unit 12 of the fourth heating component 16 and the heat storage unit 12 of the third heating component 15. It is then expanded and generated by the first expansion power generation unit 33, reducing the pressure to 1.3MPa / 65°C. It is then reheated to 145°C by the heat storage unit 12 of the second heating component 14, and expanded and generated by the second expansion power generation unit 34, reducing the pressure to 0.4MPa / 65°C. It is then reheated to 145°C by the heat storage unit 12 of the first heating component 13, and expanded and generated by the third expansion power generation unit 35, reducing the pressure to 0.1MPa / 60°C. Finally, it enters the gas storage tank 101 and is naturally cooled to room temperature. Through the above process, the transformation of high-pressure, low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide into normal-pressure, room-temperature gaseous carbon dioxide is completed. Simultaneously, another stream of gaseous carbon dioxide at 4 MPa, vaporized in the evaporation unit 31, enters the second compression unit 7, is pressurized to 7.2 MPa, and then enters the carbon dioxide refrigeration circuit (i.e., another stream of gaseous carbon dioxide at 4 MPa enters the second compression unit 7, is pressurized to 7.2 MPa, condenses into a liquid state at 30°C via the second cooler 9, then is throttled and depressurized to 4 MPa / 5.3°C via the throttling valve, and then merges into the evaporation unit 31 for vaporization). The second compression unit 7 is powered by the first expansion power generation unit 33, the second expansion power generation unit 34, and the third expansion power generation unit 35. The waste heat in the heat storage unit 12 of the first heating component 13, the second heating component 14, and the third heating component 15 can be provided to users in need.

[0056] According to the power supply system 100 of the present invention, the storage pressure of the liquid storage tank 2 can be adjusted to obtain different cold storage temperatures. For example, for commercial refrigerators that require a cold storage temperature of -10°C, the storage pressure of the liquid storage tank 2 is set to 2.65 MPa, and the throttle valve reduces the pressure to 2.65 MPa; for data centers that require a cold storage temperature of 12°C, the storage pressure of the liquid storage tank 2 is set to 4.73 MPa, and the throttle valve reduces the pressure to 4.73 MPa.

[0057] It is understood that the carbon dioxide required to fill the power supply system 100 in this embodiment of the invention can come from a carbon dioxide capture device.

[0058] The energy supply system 100 of this invention is suitable for regional cooling in industrial parks, commercial buildings, data centers, public venues, fresh food supermarkets, etc. On the one hand, it helps to reduce the cost of cooling and improve the adaptability of cooling, and on the other hand, it helps the power grid to shave peaks and fill valleys and serves as a carbon dioxide storage facility.

[0059] The power supply method of this invention includes:

[0060] S1: During off-peak electricity hours, the gas is compressed to a preset pressure. Specifically, during off-peak electricity hours, the gas is compressed using a compressor. By adjusting the gas pressure, its corresponding saturation temperature is adjusted, thereby adjusting the required cold storage temperature to achieve a cold storage temperature range from -55℃ to 15℃.

[0061] S2: Recovers heat from the compressed gas and cools the compressed gas to a liquid state. Specifically, a heat accumulator is used to recover heat from the compressed gas and cool the gas to a liquid state.

[0062] S3: During peak power periods, the cold energy in the liquid is recovered and the liquid is vaporized. Specifically, during peak power periods, an evaporator is used to vaporize the liquid into a gas and absorb the cold energy in the liquid.

[0063] S4: Generating electricity using the gasified gas. Specifically, generating electricity by expanding the gas using an expander generator.

[0064] S5: The electricity generated is used to power the energy supply system for cooling or to supply electricity to external systems.

[0065] The energy supply method of this invention includes steps S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5. The steps are simple, can meet the user's requirements for cold storage temperature, and reduce the cost of cold storage.

[0066] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0067] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0068] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0070] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0071] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy supply system, characterized in that, include: A heating assembly includes a first compression unit and a heat storage unit. The first compression unit is used for gas compression. By adjusting the gas pressure through the first compression unit, the corresponding saturation temperature of the gas is adjusted, thereby adjusting the required cold storage temperature to achieve a cold storage temperature range from -55°C to 15°C. The heat storage unit is connected to the first compression unit and is used to recover the heat in the compressed gas flowing out of the first compression unit and store or transfer the heat to the user, and to cool the compressed gas to a liquid state. A liquid storage tank is connected to the heat storage unit to store the liquid flowing out of the heat storage unit. The storage pressure of the liquid storage tank is adjustable to obtain different cold storage temperatures. A refrigeration assembly, comprising an evaporation unit and an expansion power generation unit, wherein the evaporation unit is connected to the liquid storage tank and is used to recover the cold energy in the liquid flowing out of the liquid storage tank and transfer the cold energy to the user and evaporate the liquid into gas; the expansion power generation unit is connected to the evaporation unit so that the gas in the evaporation unit flows into the expansion power generation unit. The energy supply system has a first state and a second state. In the first state, which is the off-peak electricity period, the first compression unit and the heat storage unit are working. In the second state, which is the peak electricity period, the evaporation unit and the expansion power generation unit are working. A first cooler, one end of which is connected to the heat storage unit, is used to cool the liquid flowing out of the heat storage unit; The first throttle valve has its two ends connected to the first cooler and the liquid storage tank, respectively, so that the liquid flowing out of the first cooler can flow into the liquid storage tank after being throttled and depressurized by the first throttle valve. A gas-liquid separator has an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to a first throttle valve for separating gas from liquid flowing out of the first throttle valve. The first outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to a liquid storage tank so that the liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator flows into the liquid storage tank. The second compression unit has one end connected to the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator to compress the gas flowing out of the gas-liquid separator to a preset value, and the other end connected to the inlet of the first cooler so that the gas compressed by the second compression unit flows into the first cooler.

2. The energy supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A third compression unit, one end of which is connected to the evaporation unit, so as to compress the gas flowing out of the evaporation unit to a preset value; A second cooler is connected at one end to the third compression unit so that gas compressed by the third compression unit flows into the second cooler, and at the other end to the evaporation unit so that gas exiting the second cooler flows into the evaporation unit. The second throttle valve has its two ends connected to the second cooler and the expansion power generation unit, respectively, so that the liquid flowing out of the second cooler can flow into the expansion power generation unit after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve.

3. The energy supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gas storage tank, which is suitable for storing gas. One end of the gas storage tank is connected to the first compression unit so that the gas flowing out of the gas storage tank flows into the first compression unit. The other end of the gas storage tank is connected to the expansion power generation unit so that the gas expanded by the expansion power generation unit flows into the gas storage tank.

4. The energy supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating assembly includes a first heating assembly, a second heating assembly, a third heating assembly, and a fourth heating assembly. Each of the first, second, third, and fourth heating assemblies includes a first compression unit and a heat storage unit connected in sequence. The heat storage unit of the first heating assembly is connected to the first compression unit of the second heating assembly, the heat storage unit of the second heating assembly is connected to the first compression unit of the third heating assembly, the heat storage unit of the third heating assembly is connected to the first compression unit of the fourth heating assembly, and the heat storage unit of the fourth heating assembly is connected to the liquid storage tank. The expansion power generation unit includes a first expansion power generation unit, a second expansion power generation unit, and a third expansion power generation unit connected in sequence. The first expansion power generation unit is connected to the evaporation unit so that the liquid flowing out of the evaporation unit flows into the first expansion power generation unit.

5. The energy supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The evaporation unit, the heat storage unit of the third heating component, the heat storage unit of the fourth heating component, and the first expansion power generation unit are connected in sequence so that the gas flowing out of the evaporation unit is heated by the heat storage units of the third heating component and the fourth heating component and flows into the first expansion power generation unit.

6. The energy supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat storage unit of the second heating component is connected to the first expansion power generation unit and the second expansion power generation unit respectively, so that the gas flowing out of the first expansion power generation unit is heated by the heat storage unit of the second heating component and flows into the second expansion power generation unit. The heat storage unit of the third heating component is connected to the second expansion power generation unit and the third expansion power generation unit respectively, so that the gas flowing out of the second expansion power generation unit is heated by the heat storage unit of the second heating component and flows into the third expansion power generation unit.

7. A power supply method, characterized in that, The energy supply system according to any one of claims 1-6 includes: S1: During off-peak electricity hours, compress the gas to a preset pressure; S2: Recover the heat from the compressed gas and cool the cooled compressed gas into a liquid; S3: During peak power periods, recover the cold energy from the liquid and vaporize the liquid; S4: Power generation using the gasified gas; S5: The electricity generated is used to power the energy supply system for cooling or to supply electricity to external systems.

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