A process for the spinning of low-strength staple fibers

Abstract

This invention discloses a processing technology for low-strength staple fiber spinning, belonging to the field of textile and apparel fabric technology. Its key technical points include the following steps: Step 1: Carding and combing, using an FA002A type cotton grabber. The FA002A type cotton grabber extends from the ribs by 0 to -1mm, with a gap descent distance of 2mm. The FA022-6 type multi-bin beater operates at a speed of 210r / min, and the ZF9104 type variable frequency cotton conveying fan has a power of 35Hz, with a licker-in roller speed of 380r / min. n, Cover speed 195mm / min; cylinder speed 145r / min; doffer speed 90r / min; wet basis weight 25g / 5m; Step 2: Drawing, the first drawing is completed by a JWF1310 drawing frame, and the last drawing is completed by an RSB-D22C drawing frame; Step 3: Roving, roving is done by an FA497 roving frame; Step 4: Spinning, spinning is done by an FA506 Siro compact spinning frame; Step 5: Winding, winding is done by a SAVIO Polar L-type automatic winding machine, using a wax block made of wax emulsion containing 15% OVER WAX and paraffin blocks, with the two wax blocks rotating in opposite directions for waxing; Step 6: Yarn forming, which has the advantage of preventing the formation of short fibers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile and apparel fabric technology, specifically to a processing technology for low-strength short fiber spinning. Background Technology

[0002] Diacetate fiber is primarily used in cigarette filters, making it the largest user group. With the increasing demand for new fibers and functions in textiles and apparel, diacetate fiber is gradually being applied to short-staple spinning. Its unique characteristics are highly favored by brand designers. The fiber possesses a naturally luxurious luster, a beautiful and elegant drape, a silky smooth feel, natural breathability, quick-drying properties, and its raw materials come from sustainably renewable forests. As a cellulose fiber, it is biodegradable and environmentally friendly, aligning with the concept of green consumption and environmental protection. The fiber's standard moisture regain is 6.5%, and its strength is only about 1.3 cN / dtex to 1.5 cN / dtex, equivalent to about 40% of the strength of low-strength viscose fiber. This low strength also contributes to the fabric's high pill-resistance.

[0003] Because of the low strength of the fiber, it is impossible to achieve pure spinning and high-proportion blending production and subsequent weaving. In the spinning process, the low fiber strength makes the fiber easy to be hit and generate a large number of short fibers. This causes the short fibers in the semi-finished product to accumulate and form a large number of defects. The roving cannot start normally because the short fibers block the spindle wing wall. In the weaving process, the short fibers block the needle cylinder and produce cross-path defects on the loom, which cannot meet the weaving requirements.

[0004] The original fiber processing approach involved tight spacing, strong combing, light weight, and slow speed. In fine yarn Siro compact spinning, the opening of the special-shaped tubes was designed to address the poor uniformity of cotton fibers, with small vertical spacing and a small opening angle. This prevented the fibers from fully tumbling and intertwining. The small opening distance also resulted in a small twisting triangle area. The Siro style created by the lower opening spacing could not fully encase the fiber ends into the yarn, causing the end hairs to leak out and form short fibers through friction. The winding waxing was done on only one side, using paraffin wax, a solid wax. Solid waxes are applied in small amounts, and one-sided waxing cannot achieve all-around waxing of the fibers, failing to provide comprehensive lubrication and coating. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a processing technology for spinning low-strength short fiber yarn, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A processing technology for spinning low-strength staple fiber yarn includes the following steps: Step 1: Carding and combing. The cotton is picked up using an FA002A type cotton picker. The FA002A type cotton picker extends 0 to -1mm from the ribs, with a gap reduction distance of 2mm. The FA022-6 type multi-bin beater operates at a speed of 210r / min. The ZF9104 type variable frequency cotton conveying fan has a power of 35Hz. The licker-in speed is 380r / min, the flat top speed is 195mm / min, the cylinder speed is 145r / min, the doffer speed is 90r / min, and the wet basis weight is 25g / 5m. Step 2: Drawing. Two-stage drawing is used. The first drawing is completed by a JWF1310 drawing frame, and the final drawing is completed by an RSB-D22C drawing frame. Step 3: Roving, roving is done using an FA497 roving frame; Step 4: Spinning, using an FA506 Siro compact spinning machine; Step 5: Winding. Winding is performed using a SAVIO Polar L-type automatic winding machine. The wax blocks are made by fusing wax emulsion containing 15% OVER WAX with paraffin blocks, and the two wax blocks are rotated in opposite directions to apply the wax. Step 6: Yarn forming.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention, step one further includes a pre-combing plate spacing of 70 / 80, a rear fixed cover plate spacing of 20 / 18 / 17, a cover plate main combing spacing of 12 / 11 / 11 / 11 / 12, a front fixed cover plate spacing of 16 / 14, a cylinder doffer spacing of 5, and a front cleaner controlling the short fiber shedding rate of 0.5%.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in step two, the first part is made of 8 strands combined, the combined amount is 25g / 5m, the total draft is 8 times, the back zone draft is 1.75 times, the roller spacing (front zone × back zone) is 11×22mm, and the extrusion speed is 180m / min.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in step two, the final number of strands is 6, the basis weight is 23g / 5m, the total draft is 6.8 times, the back zone draft is 1.25 times, the roller spacing (front zone × back zone) is 14×23mm, the bell mouth specification is 7F / 3.2, and the extrusion speed is 260m / min.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in step three, the roving weight is 4.5g / 10m, the twist is 4.8 twists / 10cm, the total draft is 10.22 times, the back zone draft is 1.14 times, the roller spacing (front × middle × back) is 13.5 × 30 × 41mm, the nip spacing block is 7mm, and the spindle speed is 650rpm.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in step four, the yarn has an English count of 30S, a total draft ratio of 46, a back zone draft ratio of 1.17, a nip spacer of 3.0mm, a twist of 82 twists / 10cm, a roller spacing (front × back) of 20 × 40mm, a grooved cap with an upper slope of 8mm and a lower slope of 3.5mm and a groove width of 1.3mm, a 140-mesh variable density mesh ring, a negative pressure of -2500pa to -2600pa, a spindle speed of 13500rpm, and a semi-circular EM1-dr2 / 0 cross-section for the traveler.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in step five, the winding speed is 800 m / min, and the electronic yarn clearer channel is set as follows: N: 4.0, DS×LS: 1.7×1.8, DL×LL: 1.22×12, -D×-L: -17%×12; the splicer is a Meisidan 690, the untwisting tube is a Z36, the splicing cavity is a 13Z2, the splicing cover is an E10, the splicing parameters are 3-9-5, and the tension parameters are 20-15.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in step five, the two wax blocks rotate in opposite directions. When the yarn passes through the two rotating wax blocks, the wax emulsion containing 15% OVER WAX and the wax block formed by fusing the current paraffin blocks are wrapped around the yarn.

[0014] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: This invention addresses the problems of fiber breakage and short fibers during spinning, which affect yarn strength, by modifying and adjusting the carding equipment and processes using a flexible carding technology. It also reduces the amount of fuzz protruding from the yarn body, preventing subsequent short fibers from being broken by friction. Furthermore, it utilizes a double-wax block device in winding, combining a specially formulated wax emulsion containing 15% overwax with existing paraffin blocks. The two wax blocks rotate in opposite directions, encasing the yarn in the middle. This solves the problem of short fibers during spinning and, in subsequent weaving processes, the short fibers generated by friction between the yarn channel and low-strength short fibers, which cannot meet weaving requirements.

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention.

[0017] Figure 2 The yarn formation index is used in the embodiments of the invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1-Motor disc, 2-Cylinder disc, 3-Pressing roller, 4-Moving cover plate drive disc, 5-Moving cover plate disc. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0021] In one embodiment, a processing method for spinning low-strength staple fibers is described in [reference needed]. Figures 1-2 This includes a processing technology for spinning low-strength staple fiber yarn, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Carding and combing. The cotton is picked up using an FA002A type cotton picker. The FA002A type cotton picker extends 0 to -1mm from the ribs, with a gap reduction distance of 2mm. The FA022-6 type multi-bin beater operates at a speed of 210r / min. The ZF9104 type variable frequency cotton conveying fan has a power of 35Hz. The licker-in speed is 380r / min, the flat top speed is 195mm / min, the cylinder speed is 145r / min, the doffer speed is 90r / min, and the wet basis weight is 25g / 5m. Step 2: Drawing. Two-stage drawing is used. The first drawing is completed by a JWF1310 drawing frame, and the final drawing is completed by an RSB-D22C drawing frame. Step 3: Roving, roving is done using an FA497 roving frame; Step 4: Spinning, using an FA506 Siro compact spinning machine; Step 5: Winding. Winding is performed using a SAVIO Polar L-type automatic winding machine. The wax blocks are made by fusing wax emulsion containing 15% OVER WAX with paraffin blocks, and the two wax blocks are rotated in opposite directions to apply the wax. Step 6: Yarn forming.

[0022] Further, see Figures 1-2 Step one also includes a pre-combing plate spacing of 70 / 80, a rear fixed cover plate spacing of 20 / 18 / 17, a cover plate main combing spacing of 12 / 11 / 11 / 11 / 12, a front fixed cover plate spacing of 16 / 14, a cylinder dorf spacing of 5, and a front cleaner controlling the short fiber shedding rate of 0.5%.

[0023] Further, see Figures 1-2 In step two, the head is combined with 8 strands, the combined weight is 25g / 5m, the total draft is 8 times, the back zone draft is 1.75 times, the roller spacing (front zone × back zone) is 11 × 22mm, and the extrusion speed is 180m / min.

[0024] Further, see Figures 1-2In step two, the final number of strands is 6, the quantitative weight is 23g / 5m, the total draft is 6.8 times, the back zone draft is 1.25 times, the roller spacing (front zone × back zone) is 14×23mm, the bell mouth specification is 7F / 3.2, and the extrusion speed is 260m / min.

[0025] Further, see Figures 1-2 In step three, the roving weight is 4.5g / 10m, the twist is 4.8 twists / 10cm, the total draft is 10.22 times, the back zone draft is 1.14 times, the roller spacing (front × middle × back) is 13.5 × 30 × 41mm, the nip spacing block is 7mm, and the spindle speed is 650rpm.

[0026] Further, see Figures 1-2 In step four, the yarn has an English count of 30S, a total draft ratio of 46, a back zone draft ratio of 1.17, a nip spacer of 3.0mm, a twist of 82 twists / 10cm, a roller spacing (front × back) of 20 × 40mm, a grooved cap with an upper slope of 8mm and a lower slope of 3.5mm, and a groove width of 1.3mm. A 140-mesh variable density mesh ring is used, the negative pressure is -2500pa to -2600pa, the spindle speed is 13500rpm, and the cross-section of the wire traveler is a semi-circular EM1-dr2 / 0.

[0027] Further, see Figures 1-2 In step five, the winding speed is 800 m / min, and the electronic yarn clearer channel is set as follows: N: 4.0, DS×LS: 1.7×1.8, DL×LL: 1.22×12, -D×-L: -17%×12; the splicer is a Meisidan 690, the untwisting tube is a Z36, the splicing cavity is a 13Z2, the splicing cover is an E10, the splicing parameters are 3-9-5, and the tension parameters are 20-15.

[0028] Further, see Figures 1-2 In step five, the two wax blocks rotate in opposite directions. When the yarn passes through the two rotating wax blocks, the wax emulsion containing 15% OVER WAX and the wax block formed by fusing the paraffin wax blocks are wrapped around the yarn.

[0029] In this embodiment, the motor disc 1 is connected to the cylinder disc 2 via yarn, and the yarn is movably connected to the pressure roller 3. A movable cover plate drive disc 4 is provided on one side of the cylinder disc 2, and the movable cover plate drive disc 4 is connected to the movable cover plate disc 5 via yarn. In the carding and combing process, the blades of the cotton grabber extend beyond the rib spacing, adopting a negative spacing of 0 to -1 to reduce fiber grabbing. The beater speed is reduced from 720 r / min to 450 r / min by installing a frequency converter. The speed of the multi-bin beater is reduced from the minimum process configuration of 260 r / min to 210 r / min by modifying the drive wheel. The carding machine's licker-in roller drive and cylinder drive are separated, with the cylinder having an independent drive motor, allowing the licker-in roller speed to be reduced to 380 r / min. The cylinder frequency converter speed protection is set at 200 r / min, and the minimum protection speed is changed to 100 r / min through program control, achieving cylinder operation at 145 r / min, which is lower than the protection speed. The carding cloth configuration was changed to a cylinder, which is conducive to the transfer of carding cloth with a large working angle and improves the one-time transfer rate. The system process adjustment protects the fibers to achieve true flexible carding. The process route skips some equipment in the cleaning and carding process, and adopts the FA002A cotton grabber - FA0226 multi-bin cotton blender - ZF9104 variable frequency cotton conveying fan - FA221E carding machine, skipping the ZFA036 cotton blender, FA051A cotton condenser and FA1102 cotton opener, which are all impact equipment with gripping and opening. The negative pressure profiled tube cover of the fine Siro compact spinning machine has been changed from the original 6mm upper and 3mm lower groove width of 1.1mm to 8mm upper and 3.5mm lower groove width of 1.3mm. This allows the fibers to fully tumble and wrap around the yarn using the "wing principle," reducing yarn hairiness and reducing the number of fiber ends protruding from the yarn. At the same time, a variable density mesh ring is used to ensure that short fibers in the sliver can be removed under negative pressure. The winding machine uses a special wax block made by fusing wax emulsion containing 15% overwax with paraffin blocks. This synthetic wax block applies about 5 times more wax than the original wax block, applying 360-degree friction wax to the yarn. The wax block is a recombination of solid paraffin wax and liquid wax in an 85 / 15 ratio from the original winding machine. This allows the wax block to maintain its hardness and shape, while the wax emulsion content facilitates fiber friction and adhesion, forming a wax film that wraps around the yarn.

[0030] Pure spun diacetate 30SK Siro compact yarn. Diacetate has a soft, smooth hand feel and a cool touch, making it gentle on the skin. Therefore, it is more suitable for products such as knitted underwear, loungewear, and children's clothing worn close to the skin. It is also used to develop soft and comfortable high-resilience pilling knitted fabrics.

[0031] Physical properties table of cellulose diacetate Specification Fracture strength Elongation at break resistivity 1.33dtex×40mm 1.3~1.5 cN / dtex 25~35% <![CDATA[2.5×10 7 Ohm cm]]> Because diacetate fibers have low strength, the spinning process causes the fibers to be beaten and combed, resulting in a lot of short fibers. The short fibers in the spinning process cannot meet the yarn quality requirements, and the short fibers also lead to low yarn strength. Low yarn strength results in low loom efficiency. In the subsequent weaving process, the friction between the fibers and the yarn guides, yarn storage devices, needle eyes, etc., causes the fibers to stretch and break, forming short fibers. The falling short fibers block the needle cylinder of the knitting machine, causing the needle crossbars to be blocked, which cannot meet the normal weaving requirements. Through research on fiber characteristics, the main gripping and combing points of fiber combing were modified and adjusted to break through the traditional spinning combing method. The aim was to protect the fibers, improve fiber uniformity, and increase yarn strength. Experiments were conducted to adjust the size and width of the opening groove of the negative pressure cover plate in the Siro compact spinning process to optimize the solution with the least amount of hairiness, reducing the amount of fiber ends protruding from the yarn body. Reducing the size of the protruding fiber ends reduces friction between the protruding fiber ends and the external environment, thus reducing breakage and short fibers. A layer of wax film was applied to the surface of the yarn on the winding machine. The method used was to combine a wax emulsion containing 15% overwax with a wax block made from paraffin wax. This synthetic wax block applied approximately five times more wax than current wax blocks. The yarn was fully coated with the double wax block for friction waxing. The wax formed a film on the yarn surface, acting as a lubricant between the yarn and various friction points, solving the problem of short fibers generated by friction between the yarn and the external environment during weaving, and addressing the issue of short fibers preventing normal weaving.

[0032] The aim is to achieve a breakthrough in the carding and combing process. The flexible carding method protects the fibers, the fine yarn reduces hairiness, the shaped tube cover is optimized, and the winding machine contains a wax emulsion with 15% over-wax and a wax block made by fusing paraffin blocks to coat the yarn with wax. The systematic process method solves the problems mentioned in the background technology, such as the low strength of diacetate fiber, which cannot meet the requirements of large-scale blending and pure spinning, and the problem that subsequent processes cannot be woven normally.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing technology for spinning low-strength staple fiber yarn, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Carding and combing. The cotton is picked up using an FA002A type cotton picker. The FA002A type cotton picker extends 0 to -1mm from the ribs, with a gap reduction distance of 2mm. The FA022-6 type multi-bin beater operates at a speed of 210r / min. The ZF9104 type variable frequency cotton conveying fan has a power of 35Hz. The licker-in speed is 380r / min, the flat top speed is 195mm / min, the cylinder speed is 145r / min, the doffer speed is 90r / min, and the wet basis weight is 25g / 5m. Step 2: Drawing. Two-stage drawing is used. The first drawing is completed by a JWF1310 drawing frame, and the final drawing is completed by an RSB-D22C drawing frame. Step 3: Roving, roving is done using an FA497 roving frame; Step 4: Spinning, using an FA506 Siro compact spinning machine; Step 5: Winding. Winding is performed using a SAVIO Polar L-type automatic winding machine. The wax blocks are made by fusing wax emulsion containing 15% OVER WAX with paraffin blocks, and the two wax blocks are rotated in opposite directions to apply the wax. Step Six: Yarn Formation; Step one further includes a pre-combing plate spacing of 70 / 80, a rear fixed cover plate spacing of 20 / 18 / 17, a cover plate main combing spacing of 12 / 11 / 11 / 11 / 12, a front fixed cover plate spacing of 16 / 14, a cylinder auger spacing of 5, and a front cleaner controlling the short fiber shedding rate to 0.5%. In step two, the first part is made by combining 8 strands, the combined amount is 25g / 5m, the total draft is 8 times, the back zone draft is 1.75 times, the front zone length of the roller spacer is 11mm, the back zone length is 22mm, and the output speed is 180m / min. In step two, the final number of strands is 6, the quantitative weight is 23g / 5m, the total draft is 6.8 times, the back zone draft is 1.25 times, the front zone length of the roller spacing is 14mm, the back zone length is 23mm, the bell mouth specification is 7F / 3.2, and the extrusion speed is 260m / min. In step three, the roving weight is 4.5g / 10m, the twist is 4.8 twists / 10cm, the total draft is 10.22 times, the back zone draft is 1.14 times, the front zone length of the roller spacer is 13.5mm, the middle zone length is 30mm, the back zone length is 41mm, the nip spacer is 7mm, and the spindle speed is 650rpm. In step four, the yarn has an English count of 30S, a total draft ratio of 46, a back zone draft ratio of 1.17, a nip spacer of 3.0mm, a twist of 82 twists / 10cm, a front zone length of 20mm for the roller spacer, a back zone length of 40mm, a grooved cap with an 8mm upper and 3.5mm lower slope and a groove width of 1.3mm, a 140-mesh variable density mesh ring, a negative pressure of -2500pa to -2600pa, a spindle speed of 13500rpm, and a semi-circular EM1-dr2 / 0 cross-section for the traveler. In step five, the winding speed is 800 m / min, and the electronic yarn clearer channel is set as follows: N: 4.0, DS×LS: 1.7×1.8, DL×LL: 1.22×12, -D×-L: -17%×12; the splicer is a Medtronic 690, the untwisting tube is a Z36, the splicing cavity is a 13Z2, the splicing cover is an E10, the splicing parameters are 3-9-5, and the tension parameters are 20-15. In step five, the two wax blocks rotate in opposite directions. As the yarn passes through the two rotating wax blocks, the wax emulsion containing 15% OVERWAX and the wax block formed by fusing the paraffin wax blocks are wrapped around the yarn.

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