An automatic cartridge changer for a drop-out fuse

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic core replacement machines of drop-out fuse, including fuse tube and fuse tube connecting hardware, fuse tube drop structure, core replacement box and electric control box;Fuse tube drop structure includes base, insulating pillar and cam base;The inside of core replacement box is divided into upper box body and lower box body, and pull-out core trolley is arranged between upper box body and lower box body;Reset mechanism is arranged on fuse tube connecting hardware;The application can send signal to circuit control panel after the ejection type fuse core of fuse tube is fused and ejected;Circuit control panel can control pull-out core trolley to move horizontally to pull-out core action, control pull-out core trolley to throw core into lower box body to throw core action, control core adding mechanism to pull-out core trolley to add core action, control pull-out core trolley to pack core action after manual confirmation safety, remotely control reset mechanism to reset fuse tube, and then realize full-automatic core replacement process, reduce power-off duration and economic loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a fuse core replacement device, and particularly to an automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses. Background Technology

[0002] A fuse is an electrical device that breaks the circuit by melting the fuse element when the current exceeds a specified value, using the heat generated by the fuse itself. A drop-out fuse is a type of fuse that has a fuse element installed internally via a spring mechanism. After the fuse element melts, it is ejected outside the fuse, completely separating the contact point from the power source and creating a significant distance. This ensures that the circuit is broken while also being easily detected by maintenance personnel. Therefore, it is widely used in high and low voltage power distribution systems, control systems, and electrical equipment as a short-circuit and overcurrent protector, and is one of the most commonly used high-voltage line protection devices.

[0003] After the fuse wire blows, the fuse core needs to be replaced promptly. Current fuse core replacement methods require entirely manual operation, and many work locations are far from the work site, resulting in lengthy replacement times, low efficiency, and safety risks. This leads to prolonged power outages and increased economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an automatic fuse replacement machine for drop-out fuses. This automatic fuse replacement machine can replace manual labor to achieve a fully automated fuse replacement process, thereby reducing power outage time and economic losses.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: An automatic fuse replacement machine for drop-out fuses includes a fuse tube and fuse tube connecting fittings. A fuse core is installed inside the fuse tube via a spring mechanism. The automatic fuse replacement machine also includes a fuse tube drop-out structure, a replacement box, and an electrical control box. The fuse tube drop-out structure includes a base, a magnetically insulated support column, and a cam base. The insulated support column is fixedly installed on the base and located at the front end of the replacement box. The base is fixedly connected to the replacement box. The cam base is fixedly installed on the top of the insulated support column. A contact switch is provided on the base. The cam base is equipped with an insulating limit indicator rod that matches the contact switch, and a switch mechanism that matches the ejection of the fuse core is installed on the cam base. The interior of the core replacement box is divided into an upper box and a lower box, with a core-pulling trolley between the upper and lower boxes. The upper box is used to store spare fuse cores and is equipped with a core-adding mechanism that matches the core-pulling trolley. The lower box is used to store fuse cores that have already melted. The core-pulling trolley can move from the end face of the core replacement box to the outside of the core replacement box to replace the fuse core. The fuse tube is connected to the metal... The device is fixedly installed on one side of the core-changing box, and has a reset mechanism connected to the fuse tube. The electrical control box is installed on the outside of the core-changing box, and has a circuit control board inside. The circuit control board is electrically connected to the contact switch, the core-pulling trolley, the core-adding mechanism, and the reset mechanism. The fuse tube is rotatably installed on the cam base. In the use position, its top is in contact with the spring of the fuse tube connecting hardware. When it melts, the fuse core inside is ejected and hits the switch mechanism of the cam base. Under the action of gravity and the spring of the fuse tube connecting hardware, the fuse tube rotates from the use position relative to the cam base to a horizontal position and contacts the top of the insulation limit indicator rod. The contact switch can then send a signal to the circuit control board. After receiving the control signal, the circuit control board can sequentially control the core-pulling trolley to move horizontally to pull the core, control the core-pulling trolley to throw the core into the box, control the core-adding mechanism to add the core to the core-pulling trolley, control the core-loading trolley to load the core, and control the reset mechanism to reset the fuse tube.

[0006] Furthermore, the cam base is U-shaped in general, and its opening forms a space for the fusible tube to rotate, and a limiting platform is provided in this space; arc-shaped holes and waist-shaped holes are formed on the two end plates of the cam base to cooperate with the downward movement and rotation of the fusible tube, and the lower end of the fusible tube is rotatably installed in the cam base through the first mounting shaft and the second mounting shaft in cooperation with the arc-shaped holes and waist-shaped holes; cams are rotatably installed on the outside of both sides of the cam base, and the cams are connected to the first mounting shaft through a connecting rod assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the switching mechanism is fixedly installed on both sides of the cam base, and includes a fixed mounting plate, a swing rod, a switch spring, a locking block, and a contact plate; the fixed mounting plate is fixedly installed on the end plates on both sides of the cam base; one end of the swing rod is hinged to the fixed mounting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the contact plate located below the fuse tube's operating position; the locking block passes through the fixed mounting plate, its top end can engage with the cam, and its bottom end is axially connected to the middle section of the swing rod, the middle section of which passes through the switch spring seat fixedly connected to the fixed mounting plate, and the switch spring seat is equipped with a spring.

[0008] Furthermore, the insulating limit indicator rod is arranged parallel to the insulating support, with its bottom contacting the contact switch and its top passing through the limit platform inside the cam base.

[0009] Furthermore, the core-adding mechanism includes a core-adding guide rail, a core-adding stepper motor, a core-adding shaft, and core-adding levers; the core-adding guide rail is S-shaped and is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper housing, which can cooperate with the fuse core insertion port on the end face of the upper housing to arrange several fuse cores vertically and coaxially in the upper housing; the core-adding shaft is located at the bend of the core-adding guide rail, one end of which is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the housing through a bearing seat, and the other end of which passes through the electrical control box and is connected to the output shaft of the core-adding stepper motor; two teardrop-shaped core-adding levers are fixedly mounted on the core-adding shaft; the core-adding stepper motor is electrically connected to the circuit control board.

[0010] Furthermore, the core-drawing trolley includes a trolley body, a trolley-moving electric cylinder, a self-rotating core-striking assembly, a clamping assembly, and a clamping opening control guide rail. The trolley body is located at the bottom of the core-adding guide rail, and symmetrical slide rails are provided above the lower housing. A slider that matches the slide rails is provided at the bottom of the trolley body. The top, bottom, and front face of the trolley body are respectively provided with a core-receiving port, a core-striking port, and a core-changing port for facilitating core loading, core-striking, and core-changing, and the core-receiving port and the core-striking port are coaxially arranged. The trolley-moving electric cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the trolley body, and its push rod end is fixed to the trolley body. The cylinder end is fixedly connected to the lower housing. The self-rotating core-striking assembly, clamp assembly, and clamp opening control rail are all installed inside the vehicle body. The self-rotating core-striking assembly is located below the core-receiving port. It can perform self-rotation by the circuit control board in the electrical control box. The clamp assembly can move back and forth inside the housing in coordination with the clamp opening control rail by the circuit control board in the electrical control box to pull the fused core at the core-changing port onto the self-rotating core-striking assembly or push out the fused core on the rotating core-striking assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the self-rotating core-scraping assembly includes a core-scraping electric actuator and an open arc-shaped core-changing slot; the open arc-shaped core-changing slot extends from the front end of the vehicle body to the rear end of the vehicle body, with its front end located behind the core-changing port, its middle section coaxial with the core-receiving port and the core-scraping port, and its rear end fixedly connected to the output shaft of the core-scraping electric actuator on the rear side of the vehicle body; the core-scraping electric actuator is fixedly installed on the rear side of the vehicle body and is electrically connected to the circuit control board inside the electrical control box; the open arc-shaped core-changing slot can rotate relative to the vehicle body through the core-scraping electric actuator.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamp assembly includes a left clamp body, a right clamp body, a clamp mounting base, a clamp moving screw, a core-pushing servo motor, and a clamp guide rod. The left and right clamp bodies are mounted on the clamp mounting base via shafts to form a cross-clamping structure. A clamping spring is provided between the left and right clamp bodies to keep the bottom of the cross-clamping structure open. The bottoms of the left and right clamp bodies form arc-shaped openings capable of clamping the fuse core. The tops of the left and right clamp bodies are located within the grooves of the clamp opening control guide rail. The clamp mounting base is provided with threaded holes and through holes that cooperate with the clamp moving screw and the clamp guide rod. The fixture is fixedly installed inside the vehicle body through the through hole on the fixture mounting base. The fixture moving screw is rotatably installed inside the vehicle body through the threaded hole on the fixture mounting base. The push-pull core servo motor is fixedly installed on the rear side of the vehicle body, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the fixture moving screw. It is electrically connected to the circuit control board in the electrical control box. The fixture opening control guide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the vehicle body and located on one side of the core receiving port. Its bottom is provided with a sliding groove that cooperates with the left and right clamps to slide horizontally. The front end of the sliding groove near the core changing port and the tail end of the sliding groove form a wide groove that cooperates with the flange of the tail end of the fuse core. The rest of the sliding groove is a narrow groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the reset mechanism includes a reset motor, a transmission gearbox, and a connecting rod; the reset motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the transmission gearbox, and its output shaft is inserted into the transmission gearbox. The transmission gearbox is fixedly installed on the fuse tube connecting hardware, and its interior has a rotatable gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the reset motor and a semi-circular rack meshing with the gear; both ends of the semi-circular rack pass through the transmission gearbox, one end of the semi-circular rack is hinged to the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the fuse tube, with the hinge point close to the cam base.

[0014] Furthermore, the connecting rod is a composite post pin insulator; post insulators are symmetrically installed on the fuse tube connecting hardware near the core replacement box.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This automatic fuse replacement machine utilizes a switching mechanism where the fuse core, upon melting, is ejected from the fuse tube and impacts a cam base. This causes the entire fuse tube to rotate from its operating position relative to the cam base to a horizontal replacement position under the influence of gravity and the springs of the fuse tube connecting fittings, triggering a replacement signal. Upon receiving the signal, the circuit control board sequentially controls the pull-out trolley to move horizontally to pull out the fuse, then controls the pull-out trolley to throw the fuse into the housing, then controls the core-adding mechanism to add the fuse to the pull-out trolley, then controls the pull-out trolley to load the fuse, and finally controls the reset mechanism to reset the fuse tube, thus achieving a fully automatic replacement process. This automatic fuse replacement machine enables fully automated replacement without manual intervention, significantly reducing the workload of power maintenance personnel, minimizing power outage time, and reducing economic losses. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention after the core replacement box end plate is removed; Figure 3 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cam base of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the core replacement process of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the core-drawing carriage of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of the core-pulling carriage of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the core-adding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-rotating core-splitting assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp assembly of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp opening control guide rail of the present invention; Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the core-pulling action of the present invention; Figure 18 , Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the core polishing action of the present invention; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the reset mechanism of the present invention; Figure 1—20, 1—Fuse tube, 2—Fuse tube connecting hardware, 3—Fuse core, 4—Fuse tube drop-out structure, 5—Core replacement box, 6—Electrical control box, 7—Base, 8—Insulating support, 9—Cam base, 10—Contact switch, 11—Insulating limit indicator rod, 12—Switch mechanism, 13—Upper housing, 14—Lower housing, 15—Core pulling trolley, 16—Core adding mechanism, 17—Reset mechanism, 18—Limiting platform, 19—Arc-shaped hole, 20—Oblique hole, 21—First mounting shaft, 22—Second mounting shaft, 23—Cam, 24—Linkage assembly, 25—Fixed mounting plate, 26—Swing rod, 27—Switch spring seat, 28—Card block, 29—Contact plate, 30—Core adding guide rail, 3 1—Core-adding stepper motor, 32—Core-adding shaft, 33—Core-adding lever, 34—Fuse-operated core input port, 35—Car body, 36—Cart moving electric cylinder, 37—Self-rotating core-striking assembly, 38—Clamping assembly, 39—Clamping opening control guide rail, 40—Core receiving port, 41—Core-striking port, 42—Core-changing port, 43—Core-striking electric actuator, 44—Opening arc core-changing groove, 45—Left clamp, 46—Right clamp, 47—Clamping mounting base, 48—Clamping moving lead screw, 49—Core-pushing servo motor, 50—Clamping guide rod, 51—Slide groove, 52—Wide groove, 53—Narrow groove, 54—Reset motor, 55—Transmission gearbox, 56—Connecting rod, 57—Gear, 58—Semi-circular rack. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an automatic drop-out fuse replacement machine, which includes a fuse tube 1, a fuse tube connecting hardware 2, a fuse tube drop-out structure 4, a replacement box 5, and an electrical control box 6. The fuse tube 1 has a fuse core 3 installed inside by a spring mechanism. When the fuse core 3 melts, it can be ejected from the fuse tube 1 through the internal spring mechanism. The fuse tube connecting hardware 2 is located on one side of the replacement box 5. The fuse tube drop-out structure 4 and the fuse tube 1 are both located at the front end of the replacement box 5. The electrical control box 6 is installed at the rear end of the replacement box 5. A reset mechanism 17 is installed on the fuse tube connecting hardware 2.

[0019] This embodiment illustrates the specific structure and working principle of fuse tube drop-out structure 4: like Figure 2As shown, the fuse tube drop structure 4 includes a base 7, an insulating support 8, and a cam base 9. The insulating support 8 is fixedly installed on the base 7 and located on the end face of the core replacement box 5. The base 7 is fixedly connected to the core replacement box 5. The cam base 9 is fixedly installed on the top of the insulating support 8. A contact switch 10 is installed on the base 7. The contact switch 10 extends from the inside of the base 7 to the core replacement box 5 and the electrical control box 6, and is connected to the circuit control board inside the electrical control box 6. The fuse tube 1 is rotatably installed on the cam base 9. In the use position, the top of the fuse tube 1 contacts the spring mechanism of the fuse tube connecting hardware 2. When the fuse tube is melted, the fuse tube 1 rotates to a horizontal position relative to the cam base 9 to facilitate core replacement. The cam base 9 is provided with an insulating limit indicator rod 11 that cooperates with the contact switch 10. When the fuse tube 1 rotates to the horizontal position, it presses down on the top of the insulating limit indicator rod 11. The insulating limit indicator rod 11 activates the contact switch 10 through the compression spring.

[0020] Furthermore, to ensure that the fuse tube 1 is in the working position during use and rotates to a horizontal position for easy core replacement only when it fuses, the cam base 9 in this embodiment adopts the following structure and is equipped with a switching mechanism 12 that works in conjunction with the ejection of the fuse core 3. Specifically, as follows... Figure 3 As shown, the cam base 9 is generally U-shaped, with its opening forming a space for the fuse tube 1 to rotate. A limiting platform 18 is provided within this space to limit the maximum rotational position of the fuse tube 1 after it melts, ensuring that this position facilitates core replacement by the core replacement box 5. Arc-shaped holes 19 and oblong holes 20 are formed on the two end plates of the cam base 9 to facilitate the downward movement and rotation of the fuse tube 1. The lower end of the fuse tube 1 is rotatably mounted within the cam base 9 via a first mounting shaft 21 and a second mounting shaft 22, aligning with the arc-shaped holes 19 and oblong holes 20. Cams 23 are rotatably mounted on the exterior of both sides of the cam base 9, and the cams 23 are connected to the first mounting shaft 21 via a connecting rod assembly 24. Figure 4 As shown, the switching mechanism 12 is fixedly installed on both sides of the cam base 9. The switching mechanism 12 includes a fixed mounting plate 25, a swing rod 26, a switch spring seat 27, a locking block 28, and a contact plate 29. The fixed mounting plate 25 is fixedly installed on the end plates on both sides of the cam base 9. One end of the swing rod 26 is hinged to the fixed mounting plate 25, and the other end is fixedly connected to the contact plate 29 located below the use position of the fuse tube 1. The locking block 28 passes through the fixed mounting plate 25, and its top end can engage with the cam 23. Its bottom end is axially connected to the middle section of the swing rod 26. The middle section passes through the switch spring seat 27, which is fixedly connected to the fixed mounting plate 25. The switch spring seat 27 is provided with a spring for resetting the locking block 28. The insulation limit indicator rod 11 is arranged parallel to the insulation support 8. Its bottom is in contact with the contact switch 10, and its top passes through the limit platform 18 inside the cam base 9.

[0021] The working principle of the fuse drop structure 4 is as follows: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the fuse core 3 inside the fuse tube 1 melts, the following steps are performed: Figure 5 Step 1: First, the fuse core 3 is ejected outward under the action of the spring mechanism inside the fuse tube 1. The flange at the tail end of the fuse core 3 impacts the contact plate 29 of the switch mechanism 12. Under the impact force, the contact plate 29 causes the swing rod 26 to swing downward with its hinge end as the axis. Then, the swing rod 26 drives the locking block 28 to move downward relative to the fixed mounting plate 25 and compresses the spring in the switch spring seat 27. The top of the locking block 28 disengages from the cam 23. After the locking block 28 disengages from the cam 23, under its own weight and the action of the spring mechanism of the fuse tube connecting hardware 2, the bottom of the fuse tube 1 moves downward through the first mounting shaft 21 and the second mounting shaft 22 along the arc-shaped hole 19 and the waist-shaped hole 20 of the end plate of the cam base seat 9. When the second mounting shaft 22 moves to the bottom of the waist-shaped hole 20, the fuse tube 1 rotates along the arc-shaped hole 19 with the cam base seat 9 as the center through the first mounting shaft 21 until the fuse tube 1 rotates to a horizontal position and contacts the limiting table 18. Figure 2 As shown, at this time, the fuse tube 1 contacts the top of the insulation limit indicator rod 11, triggering the contact switch 10 to start, and the contact switch 10 sends a signal to the circuit control board.

[0022] This embodiment illustrates the specific structure and working principle of the core-changing box 5: like Figure 2 As shown, the interior of the core replacement box 5 is divided into an upper box 13 and a lower box 14, with a core-pulling trolley 15 located between the upper box 13 and the lower box 14. The upper box 13 stores spare fuse cores 3 and is equipped with a core-adding mechanism 16 that works in conjunction with the core-pulling trolley 15. The lower box 14 stores blown fuse cores 3. The core-pulling trolley 15 can move from the end face of the core replacement box 5 to the outside of the core replacement box 5 to replace the fuse core 3. Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the core-drawing carriage 15 includes a carriage body 35, a carriage moving electric cylinder 36, a self-rotating core-striking assembly 37, a clamping assembly 38, and a clamping opening control guide rail 39; symmetrical slide rails are provided above the lower housing 14, and a slider that matches the slide rails is provided at the bottom of the carriage body 35. The top, bottom, and front face of the carriage body 35 are respectively provided with a core-receiving port 40, a core-striking port 41, and a core-changing port 42 for easy core loading, core-striking, and core-changing, and the core-receiving port 40 and the core-striking port 41 are coaxially arranged, and the core-changing port 42 is coaxially arranged with the cam base 9; the carriage moving electric cylinder 36 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the carriage body 35, and its push rod end is connected to the carriage body 35. The body 35 is fixedly connected, and its cylinder end is fixedly connected to the lower box 14. The self-rotating core-striking assembly 37, the clamp assembly 38, and the clamp opening control rail 39 are all installed inside the body 35. The self-rotating core-striking assembly 37 is located below the core-receiving port 40. It can perform self-rotation by the circuit control board in the electrical control box 6. The clamp assembly 38 can move back and forth inside the box in coordination with the clamp opening control rail 39 by the circuit control board in the electrical control box 6 to pull the fused core 3 at the core-changing port 42 onto the self-rotating core-striking assembly 37 or push out the fused core 3 on the rotating core-striking assembly.

[0023] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the storage of spare fuse core 3 and to enable the core-pulling carriage 15 to complete the core-adding action, the core-adding mechanism 16 in this embodiment adopts the following structure. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the core-adding mechanism 16 includes a core-adding guide rail 30, a core-adding stepper motor 31, a core-adding shaft 32, and core-adding levers 33. The core-adding guide rail 30 is S-shaped and is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper housing 13. After the spare fuse cores 3 are inserted through the fuse core insertion port 34 on the end face of the upper housing 13, several fuse cores 3 can be arranged vertically and coaxially and stored in the upper housing 13. The car body 35 is located at the bottom of the core-adding guide rail 30, and the core-adding shaft 32 is located at the bend of the core-adding guide rail 30. One end of the shaft is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the housing through a bearing seat, and the other end extends into the electrical control box 6 and is connected to the output shaft of the core-adding stepper motor 31. Two teardrop-shaped core-adding levers 33 are fixedly mounted on the core-adding shaft 32. The core-adding stepper motor 31 is electrically connected to the circuit control board.

[0024] Furthermore, in order to cooperate with the core-pulling carriage 15 to complete the core-striking action, the self-rotating core-striking assembly 37 in this embodiment adopts the following structure. For example... Figure 9As shown, the self-rotating core-scraping assembly 37 includes a core-scraping electric actuator 43 and an open arc-shaped core-changing slot 44. The open arc-shaped core-changing slot 44 extends from the front end of the vehicle body 35 to the rear end of the vehicle body 35. Its front end is located behind the core-changing port 42, its middle section is coaxial with the core-receiving port 40 and the core-scraping port 41, and its rear end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the core-scraping electric actuator 43 on the rear side of the vehicle body 35. The core-scraping electric actuator 43 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the vehicle body 35 and is electrically connected to the circuit control board in the electrical control box 6. The open arc-shaped core-changing slot 44 can rotate relative to the vehicle body 35 through the core-scraping electric actuator 43.

[0025] Furthermore, in order to cooperate with the core-pulling carriage 15 to complete the core-pulling and core-loading actions, the clamping assembly 38 in this embodiment adopts the following structure. For example... Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the clamp assembly 38 includes a left clamp 45, a right clamp 46, a clamp mounting base 47, a clamp moving screw 48, a push-pull core servo motor 49, and a clamp guide rod 50. The left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46 are mounted on the clamp mounting base 47 via shafts to form a cross clamping structure. A clamping spring is provided between the left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46 to keep the bottom of the cross clamping structure open. The bottom of the left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46 forms an arc-shaped opening that can clamp the fuse core 3. The top of the left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46 is located in the groove 51 of the clamp opening control guide rail 39. The fixture mounting base 47 is provided with threaded holes and through holes that cooperate with the fixture moving screw 48 and the fixture guide rod 50, so as to ensure that the fixture can move horizontally within the vehicle body 35. The fixture guide rod 50 passes through the through hole on the fixture mounting base 47 and is fixedly installed inside the vehicle body 35. The fixture moving screw 48 passes through the threaded hole on the fixture mounting base 47 and is rotatably installed inside the vehicle body 35. The push-pull core servo motor 49 is fixedly installed on the rear side outside the vehicle body 35, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the fixture moving screw 48. It is electrically connected to the circuit control board inside the electrical control box 6. The clamp opening control guide rail 39 is fixedly installed on the top of the car body 35 and located on one side of the core receiving port 40. Its bottom is provided with a sliding groove 51 that cooperates with the left clamp body 45 and the right clamp body 46 to slide horizontally. The front section of the sliding groove 51 near the core changing port 42 and the tail end of the sliding groove 51 form a wide groove 52 that cooperates with the tail flange of the fuse core 3. A contact switch connected to the circuit control board is installed in the wide groove 52. The rest of the sliding groove 51 is a narrow groove 53.

[0026] The working principle of the five core replacement boxes is as follows: Since the centerline of fuse tube 1 is concentric with the core-changing port 42 of the core-pulling trolley 15 after it is rotated to the horizontal position, when the contact switch 10 sends a signal to the circuit control board, the following actions are performed: Figure 5 Step two, the core-removing action: as follows Figure 12As shown, firstly, the circuit control board controls the core-pushing servo motor 49 to start. The output shaft of the core-pushing servo motor 49 drives the clamp moving screw 48 to rotate forward, causing the clamp mounting seat 47 to move forward relative to the car body 35 until the tops of the left clamp 45 and right clamp 46 move to the wide groove 52 of the front end section of the groove 51 of the clamp opening control guide rail 39 near the core-changing port 42, triggering the contact switch, and the circuit control board controls the core-pushing servo to stop. Figure 13 As shown, the circuit control board then controls the trolley moving cylinder 36 to start. The push rod end of the trolley moving cylinder 36 drives the body 35 of the core-pulling trolley 15 to move to the outside of the core-changing box 5 until it is near the bottom of the fuse tube 1 and then stops. During this process, the tail end of the fuse core 3 enters the body 35 of the core-pulling trolley 15 through the core-changing port 42. Since the left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46 are located at the wide groove 52 of the front end section of the slide groove 51 near the core-changing port 42, the flange at the tail end of the fuse core 3 passes through the arc-shaped opening at the bottom of the left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46. Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the circuit control board then controls the push-pull core servo motor 49 to start again. The output shaft of the push-pull core servo motor 49 drives the clamp moving screw 48 to reverse, causing the clamp mounting seat 47 to move backward relative to the car body 35, as shown. Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, the left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46 move from the wide groove 52 at the front end of the slide 51 near the core-changing port 42 to the wide groove 52 at the rear end of the slide 51. While the bottom of the left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46 clamps the tail end of the fuse core 3, the fuse core 3 is pulled out from the fuse tube 1 and dragged to the rear side of the open arc core-changing groove 44 of the self-rotating core-throwing assembly 37. After the left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46 move to the wide groove 52 at the rear end of the slide 51 and touch the contact switch 10, the left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46 release the fuse core 3. The circuit control board controls the push-pull core servo motor 49 to stop, completing the core-pulling action.

[0027] After the core-pulling action is completed, proceed with... Figure 5 Step three, the core-scraping action: First, the circuit control board controls the trolley moving cylinder 36 to start. The push rod end of the trolley moving cylinder 36 drives the body 35 of the core-pulling trolley 15 to move into the core-changing box 5 and then stops. For example... Figure 18 and Figure 19As shown, the circuit control board then controls the core-scraping electric actuator 43 to start. The output shaft of the core-scraping electric actuator 43 drives the open arc core-changing slot 44 to rotate 180° relative to the vehicle body 35. The fuse core 3 on the open arc core-changing slot 44 falls from the core-scraping port 41 at the bottom of the vehicle body 35 into the lower box 14 of the core-changing box 5. The circuit control board then controls the core-scraping electric actuator 43 to start again. The output shaft of the core-scraping electric actuator 43 drives the open arc core-changing slot 44 to rotate 180° in the opposite direction relative to the vehicle body 35, so that the open arc core-changing slot 44 returns to its original position, completing the core-scraping action.

[0028] After the core polishing process is completed, proceed with... Figure 5 Step four of the core-adding action: The circuit control board controls the core-adding mechanism 16 to start the core-adding stepper motor 31. The output shaft of the core-adding stepper motor 31 drives the core-adding shaft 32 to rotate one revolution. The two teardrop-shaped core-adding paddles 33 on the core-adding shaft 32 vertically and coaxially arrange a fuse core 3 in the upper box 13 and push it through the core-connecting port 40 to the open arc core-changing slot 44. The front end of the fuse core 3 is close to the core-changing port 42, and the flange at its tail end is located at the front end of the wide slot 52 at the tail end of the slide 51.

[0029] After the core loading process is completed, proceed with... Figure 5 Step five of the core loading action: First, the circuit control board controls the trolley moving electric cylinder 36 to start. The push rod end of the trolley moving electric cylinder 36 drives the body 35 of the core pulling trolley 15 to move to the outside of the core changing box 5 and stop near the bottom of the fuse tube 1. Then, the circuit control board controls the core pulling servo motor 49 of the clamp assembly 38 to start. The output shaft of the core pulling servo motor 49 drives the clamp moving screw 48 to rotate forward, so that the clamp mounting seat 47 moves forward relative to the body 35. The left clamp 45 and the right clamp 46 push the fuse 3 forward from the rear side of the flange at the tail end of the fuse 3, so that the fuse 3 moves forward on the open arc core changing groove 44 and is inserted into the horizontal fuse tube 1 through the core changing port 42, completing the core loading action.

[0030] In this embodiment, the core-pulling trolley 15 is used to perform a series of automated actions such as core pulling, core throwing, core loading, and core assembly in order to ensure the insulation distance between the primary power connection mechanism and the core-adding mechanism 16 of the drop-out fuse.

[0031] This embodiment illustrates the specific structure and working principle of the reset mechanism 17: like Figure 20As shown, the reset mechanism 17 includes a reset motor 54, a transmission gearbox 55, and a connecting rod 56. The reset motor 54 is fixedly installed on the outside of the transmission gearbox 55, and its output shaft is inserted into the transmission gearbox 55. The transmission gearbox 55 is fixedly installed on the fuse tube connecting hardware 2, and its interior is provided with a rotatable gear 57 fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the reset motor 54 and a semi-circular rack 58 meshing with the gear 57. The two ends of the semi-circular rack 58 pass through the transmission gearbox 55, one end of the semi-circular rack 58 is hinged to the connecting rod 56, and the other end of the connecting rod 56 is hinged to the fuse tube 1, with the hinge point close to the cam base 9.

[0032] The working principle of the reset mechanism 17 is as follows: After the core loading process is completed, proceed with... Figure 5 Step six of the reset action: First, the circuit control board controls the trolley moving electric cylinder 36 to start, and the push rod end of the trolley moving electric cylinder 36 drives the body 35 of the core pulling trolley 15 back to the initial position in the core changing box 5; then the circuit control board controls the core pulling servo motor 49 to start, so that the clamp mounting seat 47 moves back to the initial position relative to the body 35; finally, the circuit control board controls the reset motor 54 of the reset mechanism 17 to start, and the output shaft of the reset motor 54 drives the gear 57 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 57 causes the meshing semi-circular rack 58 to move away from the fuse tube 1. Then, the semi-circular rack 58 drives the fuse tube 1 to reset to the working position through the connecting rod 56, so that the top of the fuse tube 1 contacts the spring of the fuse tube connecting hardware 2. At the same time, the cam 23 on the cam base 9 re-engages with the top of the locking block 28, and the reset action is completed.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, in order to ensure the overall safety of the automatic core replacement machine for the drop-out fuse, the connecting rod 56 of the reset mechanism 17 in this embodiment can be a composite post pin insulator; post insulators can be symmetrically installed on the fuse tube connecting hardware 2 near the core replacement box 5; the insulating post 8 can be a magnetically insulating post.

[0034] It should be noted that the core-adding stepper motor 31, the trolley moving electric cylinder 36, the core-throwing electric actuator 43, the core-pushing servo motor 49, the reset motor 54, and the circuit control board mentioned in the above embodiments are all commercially available products and can be purchased and installed according to actual needs.

[0035] In summary, this automatic drop-out fuse replacement machine, through the fuse tube drop-out structure 4 combined with the core-pulling trolley 15, and the ingenious clamping assembly 38 and clamp opening control rail 39 on the core-pulling trolley 15, can replace manual labor to automate a series of actions such as core pulling, core throwing, core loading, core installation, and resetting, thereby achieving a fully automatic core replacement process, reducing power outage time and economic losses. Furthermore, the circuit control board of this automatic drop-out fuse replacement machine can be connected to the power management system via existing communication equipment, so as to notify power management personnel when the fuse core 3 blows and after the automatic replacement of the fuse core 3 is completed.

Claims

1. An automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses, comprising a fuse tube and fuse tube connecting fittings, wherein a fuse core is installed inside the fuse tube via a spring mechanism; characterized in that: The automatic fuse replacement machine also includes a fuse tube drop-out structure, a replacement box, and an electrical control box. The fuse tube drop-out structure includes a base, a magnetically insulated support column, and a cam base. The insulated support column is fixedly installed on the base and located at the front end of the core-changing box. The base is fixedly connected to the core-changing box. The cam base is fixedly installed on the top of the insulated support column. A contact switch is provided on the base, and an insulation limit indicator rod that cooperates with the contact switch is provided on the cam base. A switch mechanism that cooperates with the ejection of the fuse core is installed on the cam base. The core-changing box is internally divided into an upper box and a lower box, and a core-pulling trolley is provided between the upper box and the lower box. The upper housing stores spare fuse cores and is equipped with a core-adding mechanism that works in conjunction with the core-pulling trolley. The lower housing stores fuse cores that have already melted. The core-pulling trolley can be moved from the end face of the core-changing box to the outside of the core-changing box to replace the fuse cores. The fuse tube connecting hardware is fixedly installed on one side of the core-changing box, and a reset mechanism connected to the fuse tube is provided on it. The electrical control box is installed on the outside of the core-changing box and contains a circuit control board. The circuit control board is electrically connected to the contact switch, the core-pulling trolley, the core-adding mechanism, and the reset mechanism. The fuse tube is rotatably mounted on the cam base. In the use position, its top contacts the spring of the fuse tube connecting hardware. When it melts, the fuse core inside is ejected and impacts the switching mechanism of the cam base. Under the action of gravity and the spring of the fuse tube connecting hardware, the fuse tube rotates from the use position relative to the cam base to a horizontal position and contacts the top of the insulation limit indicator rod. The contact switch can then send a signal to the circuit control board. After receiving the control signal, the circuit control board can sequentially control the core pulling carriage to move horizontally to perform the core pulling action, control the core pulling carriage to throw the core into the box, control the core adding mechanism to add the core to the core pulling carriage, control the core pulling carriage to load the core, and control the reset mechanism to reset the fuse tube.

2. The automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam base is U-shaped, with an opening inside forming a space for the fusible tube to rotate, and a limiting platform is provided in this space; arc-shaped holes and waist-shaped holes are formed on the two end plates of the cam base to cooperate with the downward movement and rotation of the fusible tube; the lower end of the fusible tube is rotatably installed in the cam base through the first mounting shaft and the second mounting shaft in cooperation with the arc-shaped holes and waist-shaped holes; cams are rotatably installed on the outside of both sides of the cam base, and the cams are connected to the first mounting shaft through a connecting rod assembly.

3. The automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switching mechanism is fixedly installed on both sides of the cam base, and includes a fixed mounting plate, a swing rod, a switch spring, a locking block, and a contact plate. The fixed mounting plate is fixedly installed on the end plates on both sides of the cam base. One end of the swing rod is hinged to the fixed mounting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the contact plate located below the fuse tube's operating position. The locking block passes through the fixed mounting plate, its top end can engage with the cam, and its bottom end is axially connected to the middle section of the swing rod. The middle section passes through the switch spring seat fixedly connected to the fixed mounting plate, and the switch spring seat is equipped with a spring.

4. The automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insulating limit indicator rod is arranged parallel to the insulating support, with its bottom contacting the contact switch and its top passing through the limit platform inside the cam base.

5. The automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core-adding mechanism includes a core-adding guide rail, a core-adding stepper motor, a core-adding shaft, and a core-adding lever; The core-adding guide rail is S-shaped and is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper housing. It can cooperate with the fuse core insertion port on the end face of the upper housing to arrange several fuse cores vertically and coaxially inside the upper housing. The core-adding shaft is located at the bend of the core-adding guide rail. One end of the shaft is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the housing through a bearing seat, and the other end passes through the electrical control box and is connected to the output shaft of the core-adding stepper motor. Two teardrop-shaped core-adding paddles are fixedly mounted on the core-adding shaft. The core-adding stepper motor is electrically connected to the circuit control board.

6. The automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses according to claim 5, characterized in that: The core-pulling carriage includes a carriage body, a carriage movement electric cylinder, a self-rotating core-striking assembly, a clamping assembly, and a clamping opening control guide rail. The trolley body is located at the bottom of the core-adding guide rail. The upper part of the lower box is symmetrically provided with slide rails. The bottom of the trolley body is provided with a slider that matches the slide rails. The top, bottom and front face of the trolley body are respectively provided with a core-attaching port, a core-throwing port and a core-changing port for easy core loading, core throwing and core replacement, and the core-attaching port and the core throwing port are coaxially arranged. The trolley moving electric cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the trolley body. Its push rod end is fixedly connected to the trolley body and its cylinder end is fixedly connected to the lower box. The self-rotating core-scraping assembly, clamp assembly, and clamp opening control rail are all installed inside the vehicle body. The self-rotating core-scraping assembly is located below the core-receiving port and can rotate by the circuit control board in the electrical control box. The clamp assembly, controlled by the circuit control board in the electrical control box, can move back and forth inside the box in conjunction with the clamp opening control rail to pull the fused core at the core-changing port onto the self-rotating core-scraping assembly or push the fused core from the self-rotating core-scraping assembly.

7. The automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses according to claim 6, characterized in that: The self-rotating core-striking assembly includes a core-striking electric actuator and an open arc-shaped core-changing groove; The open arc-shaped core-changing slot extends from the front end of the vehicle body to the rear end. Its front end is located behind the core-changing port, its middle section is coaxial with the core-receiving port and the core-throwing port, and its rear end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the core-throwing electric actuator on the rear side of the vehicle body. The core-throwing electric actuator is fixedly installed on the rear side of the vehicle body and is electrically connected to the circuit control board in the electrical control box. The open arc-shaped core-changing slot can rotate relative to the vehicle body through the core-throwing electric actuator.

8. The automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamp assembly includes a left clamp body, a right clamp body, a clamp mounting base, a clamp moving screw, a push-pull core servo motor, and a clamp guide rod; The left and right clamps are mounted on the clamp mounting base by a shaft to form a cross clamping structure. A clamping spring is provided between the left and right clamps to keep the bottom of the cross clamping structure open. The bottom of the left and right clamps forms an arc-shaped opening that can clamp the fuse core. The top of the left and right clamps is located in the groove of the clamp opening control guide rail. The fixture mounting base is provided with threaded holes and through holes for cooperating with the fixture moving screw and the fixture guide rod. The fixture guide rod passes through the through hole on the fixture mounting base and is fixedly installed in the vehicle body. The fixture moving screw passes through the threaded hole on the fixture mounting base and is rotatably installed in the vehicle body. The push-pull core servo motor is fixedly installed on the rear side of the vehicle body. Its output shaft is fixedly connected to the fixture moving screw and is electrically connected to the circuit control board in the electrical control box. The clamp opening control guide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the vehicle body and located on one side of the core receiving port. Its bottom is provided with a sliding groove that cooperates with the left clamp and the right clamp to slide horizontally. The front section of the sliding groove near the core changing port and the tail end of the sliding groove form a wide groove that cooperates with the flange at the tail end of the fuse core. The rest of the sliding groove is a narrow groove.

9. The automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset mechanism includes a reset motor, a transmission gearbox, and a connecting rod; The reset motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the transmission gearbox, and its output shaft is inserted into the transmission gearbox. The transmission gearbox is fixedly installed on the fuse tube connecting hardware. Inside it are a rotating gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the reset motor and a semi-circular rack meshing with the gear. The two ends of the semi-circular rack pass through the transmission gearbox. One end of the semi-circular rack is hinged to the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the fuse tube, with the hinge point close to the cam base.

10. The automatic core replacement machine for drop-out fuses according to claim 9, characterized in that: The connecting rod is a composite post pin insulator; post insulators are symmetrically installed on the fuse tube connecting hardware near the core replacement box.

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